必刷卷04——【高考三轮冲刺】2023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷（新高考地区专用）（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份必刷卷04——【高考三轮冲刺】2023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷（新高考地区专用）（原卷版+解析版），文件包含必刷卷042023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷新高考地区专用解析版docx、必刷卷042023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷新高考地区专用原卷版docx、必刷卷042023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷新高考地区专用听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。

绝密★启用前
2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷04
新高考地区专用

2022年新高考英语卷无论从题目的难度，还是题型的设置上，基本都延续了往年的出题模式，重视对学生基础知识的考查，题型稳定，同时突出考查考生用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力。试题将文化传播、国际视野、人文情怀融入到考查中，体现了高考立德树人、培养考生良好品德、发展素质教育的目标。同时，难度适中，这对双减形势下的教学有导向作用，能够促进课程标准要求的落实。

2022年新高考英语卷中，听力突出口语的地道表达，尤其是合成词等口语化的词汇的运用，如Text 1的“off-street”、Text 7 的“fancy doing”和 Text 9 的“well-rounded”，这要求学生学会构词法以及常用的口语表达。阅读和七选五中的应用性比较突出，同时介绍了人类语音文化、保护自然以及关注社会老年人以及个人运动等话题，这就要求我们在平时的备考中多关注自身及社会热点话题。完形填空还是考查考生对英语词法、句法以及语篇知识的掌握运用情况，要求考生在正确理解语篇主旨大意的基础上，关注具体语境中不同词语、句子与整个篇章结构之间的联系。语法填空考察的语法知识比较稳定，要求学生学会分析长难句，熟练运用高中重点语法知识。写作侧重考察学生整体的构思和思维能力，这就要求学生能在平时的训练中多发挥自己的创造性，合理设置写作内容，同时要熟练运用各种语法结构，以达高分。
简而言之，2023年高考还是会延续以往的风格，在自然环境，自我成长以及社会问题等话题上都会有涉及，学生要掌握各个题型的解题技巧，方能百战百胜。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To get a phone number. B. To find an address. C. To borrow a book.
【1题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Jack! This is Sarah. Do you happen to know John’s phone number?
M: Yes, but I don’t have it at hand. I can look it up for you in my address book when I get home.
2. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 10:30. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:00.
【2题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Tim. I said I’d meet you at eleven, but something’s come up. My little brother’s broken a tooth and I should take him to see the dentist at ten thirty. So, could we meet a bit later?
M: Sure. Say at twelve?
W: OK.
3. What happened to the painting Simpson’s Mother?
A. It was burned. B. It was spotted. C. It was tom.
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Luckily, the famous painting Simpson’s Mother escaped the fire at the museum.
W: But the water system, which came on automatically, left a large mark in the bottom right-hand corner. Actually, the frame was broken when it was being transported. Fortunately, the painting itself didn’t tear.
4. What is the woman unsatisfied with about the table?
A. Its shape. B. Its size. C. Its colour.
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m looking for a new table for my dining room. It needs to seat at least six.
M: Do you have a particular style in mind? We have this beautiful brown square table on sale.
W: But I’d prefer a round one.
5. What will the man probably have tonight?
A. Burgers. B. Pizzas. C. Sandwiches.
【5题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello! May I order supper now?
W: Sorry, I’m afraid the restaurant has closed, but the bar does burgers and pizzas until midnight. Or we can bring sandwiches to your room if you prefer.
M: Fine. I don’t want to eat burgers or pizzas at night.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6. What did the man do last night?
A. He visited a friend. B. He had an interview. C. He fixed the radio.
7. How does the man feel about the woman’s plan?
A. Interested. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed.
【6~7题答案】
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Barry, I called you around 10 last night, but I couldn’t get through.
M: I was being interviewed in a radio program then, so I couldn’t use my phone.
W: I didn’t know that. What did you do in the program?
M: I talked about how I became a designer. So why did you call me?
W: I wanted to know if you’d have time to climb a mountain with us this afternoon. Lisa, David and I want some time outdoors.
M: Me too.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why does the man ask for help?
A. He will go on holiday.
B. He will be in hospital.
C. He will be away on business.
9. Who will probably take care of the dog?
A. Marina. B. Robin. C. Thomas.
【8~9题答案】
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Marina, could you do me a favor?
W: What’s going on, Austin?
M: You know, my wife is going on holiday with my daughter, and I have to go to Rome on business this Friday morning. Could you please take care of my dog—feed him twice a day and walk him once a day?
W: Oh, I’m afraid I can’t do that. I’m so scared of dogs.
M: How about your husband Robin?
W: He has been working overtime recently. Maybe Thomas can give you a hand—he loves dogs and is free these days.
M: OK. I’ll ask him if he can help me.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Increase her study time.
B. Manage her time properly.
C. Follow his revision schedule.
11. When will the speakers hold a party?
A. On the 25th. B. On the 26th. C. On the 27th.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Prepare some food. B. Play some music. C. Do some revision.
【10~12题答案】
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: We’ve got exams soon! Have you done much revision?
W: Well, I’ve been studying for two weeks. I just find it boring and I get so tired.
M: You could do the revision a couple of hours in the morning and then do the rest later in the day. Personally, I prefer to do it all in the evenings, but that doesn’t suit everyone.
W: Good idea. Anyway, this time next month, the exams will be over. Shall we organize a party?
M: Sure. We could have it at my place. My roommates won’t mind. How about on Friday 25th?
W: But that’s the very last day of the exams. I think Saturday would be better—giving us time to recover.
M: You’re probably right. On Sunday, some people might go away then or have other plans.
W: We’ll talk about food and music nearer the time—I have to go and review now!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Fellow workers. B. College friends. C. Teacher and student.
14. How did the woman get into volunteer work?
A. She founded a local organization.
B. She followed a group of young people.
C. She got the information from a friend.
15. What does the man think of his manager?
A. Strict. B. Generous. C. Energetic.
16. What is the man going to do?
A. Join in the project. B. Visit the company. C. Write an email.
【13~16题答案】
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Connie! Good to see you back in the office.
W: Great to see you again.
M: Well, you were gone for two weeks. I’m still not clear why you left.
W: Oh, I went to do some volunteer work in mountain areas.
M: So how did you even get into it?
W: A college friend put me in touch with a local organization. You know, a lot of young people are looking for ways to give back to society.
M: Great. But how did you get our manager to approve the leave of absence? He’s strict with time off.
W: As for Anderson, he grew up in a poor area as well and he really sees value in this kind of project. Exactly, this experience will be of benefit to my current work as well.
M: Yeah. It must be interesting but tiring. I want to do so. How can I participate?
W: Oh, I’m sending you an email about the organization so that you can join us.
M: Great. I can’t wait to read it.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. When did the storm happen?
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Friday. C. This Friday.
18. How many people were badly injured in the storm?
A. 15. B. 14. C. 9.
19. Where was the farmer when the storm came?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedroom. C. In the field.
20. What did the woman do when she saw her house shaking?
A. She took out her belongings quickly.
B. She rushed out with her children at once.
C. She told her husband to leave immediately.
【17~20题答案】
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】 Back to the news. Last Friday a storm hit two villages destroying fourteen houses. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows. One person was killed, and nine were badly injured and taken to hospital. A number of other people received small injuries. Altogether over two hundred were left homeless as a result of the storm.
A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and lasted over an hour. He was in the kitchen with his wife and his children when they heard a loud noise. A few minutes later their house fell down on top of them. They managed to climb out, but then he saw that one of his children was missing. He went back inside and found him safe but very frightened.
A woman said that her husband had just left for work when she noticed that her house was shaking. She rushed outside immediately with her children. There was no time for her to take anything. A few minutes later, the roof came down. Soldiers went to the area to help the people in trouble.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Choosing where to live may be one of the biggest decisions you’ll make when you move to Sydney, but you’ll have plenty of help.
Temporary arrival accommodation
Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a temporary place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer-term accommodation.
--sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term
On-campus-residential colleges (fully catered饮食全包的)
The University has eight residential colleges on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus, including International House, a residential community of global scholars. Colleges provide comfortable, fully furnished single rooms and daily meals, along with sporting, cultural, leadership and social programs. They also include on-site tutorials(辅导课) in addition to campus-based classes.
--sydney.edu.au/colleges
On-campus residences (self-catered饮食自理的)
The University has two self-run residences—Queen Mary Building (QMB) and Abercrombie Student Accommodation—on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus. Both just under a year old, they house up to 1000 students. These residences provide modern single-study rooms with large common living, learning and study spaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed music rooms, art studios, sky lounges and rooftop gardens.
--sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus.html
Off-campus living
More than 90 percent of our students live off campus. The University is close to many dynamic and multicultural suburbs such as Annandale, Newtown, Chippendale and Glebe. A great place to search is our large online database of properties.
--sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-off-campus.html
21. Where can you find a place to live temporarily?
A. On “sydney.edu.au/colleges”.
B. On “sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term”.
C. On “sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus.html”.
D. On “sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-off-campus.html”.
22. What do students living in QMB have access to?
A. Their own kitchens.
B. On-site tutorials.
C. Daily meals.
D. Gyms.
23. What is the most popular choice among students?
A. Living off campus.
B. Living in host families.
C. Living in self-catered flats on campus.
D. Living in fully catered houses on campus.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了当你搬到悉尼的时候，选择在哪儿居住也许是你要做的最大的决定之一。本文对你会有一定的帮助。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Temporary arrival accommodation部分的Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a temporary place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer-term accommodation.可知，在你去悉尼以前，你可以预订一个临时居住的地方。一旦你到那里以后，你可以寻找长期居住的地方。再结合下面提供的网址信息--sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term，可以找到答案。B选项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据On-campus residences (self-catered)部分的These residences provide modern single-study rooms with large common living, learning and study spaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed music rooms, art studios, sky lounges and rooftop gardens.可知，生活在QMB的学生是可以进入体育馆的。故D选项正确。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。由Off-campus living部分第一句 “More than 90 percent of our students live off campus.”可推知，超过90％的学生选择外宿。故A选项正确。
B
Edward O. Wilson who died on Dec. 26, 2021 at the age of 92, was an extraordinary scholar in every sense of the word. By the time I met him in 1982, he’d made great contributions to science. For example, he discovered the chemical means by which ants communicate. He worked out the importance of the habitat size and position in protecting animals.
In 1982 I cautiously sat down next to the great man during a break at a small conference on social insects. He turned, extended his hand and said, “Hi, I’m Ed Wilson. I don’t believe we’ve met.” Then we talked until it was time to get back to the meeting. Three hours later I approached him again. He turned, extended his hand and said, “Hi, I’m Ed Wilson. I don’t believe we’ve met”
Wilson forgot me but remained friendly. I was fresh out of graduate school, while Wilson was already very famous. Yet he didn’t hesitate to extend his hand to me, not once but twice.
My work studying native plants and insects was inspired by Wilson’s descriptions of biodiversity. His 1992 book, The Diversity of Life, became the basis for an eventual turn in my career path. Throughout his career Wilson communicated the urgent need to preserve the natural world. As I see it, the only way to realize Wilson’s lifelong wish is to bury the idea that humans are here and nature is someplace else. Providing a practical plan for protecting the earth has been my goal for the last 20 years, and I’m honored that it mixes with Wilson’s thought.
4. When did the author meet Wilson for the first time?
A. When the author was doing business
B. When the author was in graduate school
C. When the author attended a small conference
D. When the author was studying native plants.
5. What did the author probably think of Wilson after they met?
A. Clever B. Determined C. Creative. D. Kind
6. What do we know about the author?
A. He regularly had discussions with Wilson
B. His research was influenced by Wilson
C. He wrote a book under the guidance of Wilson.
D. His opinion about nature was different from Wilson’s
7. What does the author think the way to realize Wilson’s lifelong wish is?
A. Staying away from nature. B. Learning to coexist with nature.
C. Conducting future research. D. Learning about all kinds of animals
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与学者威尔逊先生相处时的经历及威尔逊对作者的影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“By the time I met him in 1982, he’d made great contributions to science. ”（1982年我见到他的时候，他已经为科学做出了巨大的贡献。）第二段中“In 1982 I cautiously sat down next to the great man during a break at a small conference on social insects. ”（1982年，在一次关于社会昆虫的小型会议上，休息时，我小心翼翼地坐在这位伟人旁边。）可知，作者第一次见到威尔逊的时候，是在一次小型会议的休息时间。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wilson forgot me but remained friendly. I was fresh out of graduate school, while Wilson was already very famous. Yet he didn’t hesitate to extend his hand to me, not once but twice.”（威尔逊忘记了我，但仍然很友好。我刚从研究生院毕业，而威尔逊已经很有名了。然而他毫不犹豫地向我伸出了手，不止一次，而是两次。）可知，威尔逊对于刚从研究生院毕业的作者是友好的，所以作者认为他是友善的。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“My work studying native plants and insects was inspired by Wilson’s descriptions of biodiversity. His 1992 book, The Diversity of Life, became the basis for an eventual turn in my career path. ”（我研究本地植物和昆虫的工作受到威尔逊对生物多样性的描述的启发。他1992年出版的著作《生活的多样性》成为我职业生涯最终转折的基础。）可知，威尔逊的生物多样性的描述对我的研究是有启发的。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As I see it, the only way to realize Wilson’s lifelong wish is to bury the idea that humans are here and nature is someplace else. ”（在我看来，实现威尔逊毕生愿望的唯一方法就是要把人类在这里，自然在别处的隔阂消除。）可知，实现威尔逊的毕生愿望的方式就是使人类和自然和平共处，故选B。
C
On a break from his studies in the MIT Media Lab, Anirudh Sharma traveled home to Mumbai, India. While there, he noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt. "I realized this was air pollution，or sooty（像煤一样）particulate matter (PM)，made of black particles released from exhaust（尾气）of vehicles," Sharma says. "This is a major health issue." Soot consists of tiny black particles, about 2.5 micrometers or smaller, made carbon produced by incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
Back at MIT, Sharma set out to help solve this air-pollution issue. After years of research and development, Sharma’s startup Graviky Labs has developed technology that attaches to exhaust systems of diesel generators（柴油发电机）to collect particulate matter. Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink, called Air-Ink, for artists around the world. So far, the startup has collected I.6 billion micrograms of particulate matter. More than 200 gallons of Air-Ink have been harvested for a growing community of more than 1,000 artists, from Bangalore to Boston, Shanghai, and London.
Posted all over Graviky Lab's Facebook page today are photos of art made from the Air-Ink and pant, including street wall paintings, body art and clothing prints. At first, there was still no specific application for the ink. Then the startup decided to find new ways to further spread its mission. It chose to do so through art. "Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paint comes from. Air pollution knows no borders. Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our world that's the hardest to collect and use. But it can be done," Sharma says.
8. What struck Sharma most during his break in India?
A. Dirt on his T-shirts. B. Health issue of the locals.
C. Coal industry in Mumbai. D. Incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
9. According to the text, Air-Ink is________.
A. a cleaner of outdoor air B. a product made from PM
C. a newly-founded company D. a printing technology
10. What can we infer about Air-Ink from the text?
A. It improves artistic effect. B. It makes pollution acceptable.
C. It helps Sharma make a profit. D. It raises environmental awareness.
11. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Arts know no borders B. Waste has no price
C. Less pollution, more art D. Creative thinking, effective painting
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了Sharma开发了新的技术，将空气中的颗粒物收集起来，制成空气墨水，供艺术家们创作。他的目的是为了提高人们的环境意识。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“he noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt.”可知，在印度，Sharma注意到，他的T恤上都有一些看起来像灰尘样的东西越来越多。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。文章第二段中提到“Sharma’s startup Graviky Labs has developed technology that attaches to exhaust systems of diesel generators to collect particulate matter. Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink, called Air-Ink… .（Sharma创建的Graviky 实验室开发了一种技术，可以连接到柴油发电机的排气系统上，收集颗粒物。然后，Graviky实验室的科学家将它转化为墨水，称为‘空气墨水’）”，其中it指代上一句中的收集的“particulate matter”即PM。由此可知，Air-Ink是由PM制成的产品。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段中提到Sharma所说的话 “Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paint comes from.”。文章第二段中提到Air-Ink是由PM（空气中的颗粒物）制成的，用Air-Ink创作的艺术画可以帮助我们认识到墨水和颜料是从哪里来的。由此可以推断，用Air-Ink 绘制艺术画可以帮助人们提高环境意识。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章最后一段提到“Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our world that's the hardest to collect and use. But it can be done.(我们的墨水传达出一个信息：污染是世界上最难收集和利用的资源之一。但这是可以做到的，)”，Sharma的研究表明虽然污染很难再次利用，但是还是可以做到的； Sharma利用技术，将空气中的污染颗粒物（PM）收集起来，制成Air-Ink，给艺术家们创作艺术作品，以提高人们的环境意识。他将污染加以回收利用，转化成艺术形式。因此文章标题应为“Less pollution, more art”。故选C。
D
The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region's most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming.
Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem-so scientists are particularly interested in how they're responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America's bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course.
For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon's resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings.
Because of the study's long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological（形态学的）effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size.
32. Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds?
A. They have small body sizes. B. They are sensitive to hot weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D. They are ecological balance indicators.
33. What can we learn from the new study?
A. A third of species have been extinct for a decade.
B. 36 species lost 2%of their body weight every year.
C. Two-thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight.
D. About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings.
34. What does the underlined word "dissipate" in the last paragraph mean?
A. Put off. B. Give off. C. Put away. D. Give away.
35. What would probably the researchers further study?
A. Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool.
B. What effects the wing length changes have on birds.
C. Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100.
【32~35题答案】
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了气候变化对鸟的影响。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem-so scientists are particularly interested in how they're responding to climate change.(鸟常被认为是物种的哨兵，指的是它们能暗示生态系统的整体健康，因此科学家关注它们对气候变化的反应)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态系统平衡的暗示者。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“representing 77 non-migratory species”以及“while a third grew longer wings. (在研究的77种不迁移的鸟类中，1/3的鸟长着较长的翅膀)”可知，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀来应对气候变化。故选D。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size (较小的鸟可能很快就会凉下来。总体来讲，相对于身体尺寸而言，较小动物的表面积较大)”可知较小动物的表面积相对于自身整体而言较大，因此散发热量就容易，dissipate的意思是散发，与Give off（散发）的词义一致 。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, (然而，研究者自己也不确信，对鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么好处感到困惑)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么影响。故选B。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How do you get yourself to take action now? Here are some powerful suggestions.
Focus intensely on the positive things that your actions will accomplish. ___36___ Whether it's something you're seeking to accomplish, or something you're seeking to be rid of. picture exactly how your life will be after the work is done. The more intensely you can imagine it, the better.
___37___ The only real reason you have for avoiding action is because you associate some kind of pain or discomfort with it. Therefore, it helps to associate something even more painful with not taking action. Instead of focusing on the relatively minor pain of taking action, focus instead on the major pain of not taking action.
___38___ Think of all the reasons you can come up with to not take action, and then destroy all those reasons with a single word —"But." Simply state the excuse, put the word "but" after it, and then finish the sentence. For example, “I’ve never done this before, BUT I can learn." Stick the word "but" in there, and challenge yourself to finish the sentence.
Take the first small step. Don't even concern yourself with committing to the whole project or course of action. Just do something very easy and very small. The point is to find a little momentum（动力）___39___ Then climb aboard the momentum train, and let it help you keep the effort going.
Make it fun. Realize that just about anything can be fun if you'll think of it as fun and enjoyable. Find a way to make something fun, and not only will you want to do it; you'll also be better at it. ___40___
A. You always choose what to do,
B. Lay all your excuses out on the table and deal with them.
C. In your mind, picture in great detail what your actions will bring you.
D. Whatever you must do to achieve success, find a way to enjoy it.
E. Focus on the negative things that will happen if you don't take action.
F. Getting started with your biggest task or most difficult action may seem too much.
G. Once you take that small action, let yourself fully enjoy how great it feels.
【36~40题答案】
【答案】36. C 37. E 38. B 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者提供了一些让读者采取行动的有利建议。
【36题详解】
由下面三句“无论是你想要完成的事情，还是你想要摆脱的东西。想象一下工作完成后你的生活会怎样。你能想象得越强烈越好。”可知，这是在想象你的行动会给你带来什么，承接下文，C选项“在你的头脑中，详细地想象一下你的行动会给你带来什么。”切题。故选C项。
【37题详解】
由本段最后一句“与其把注意力集中在采取行动的相对较小的痛苦上，不如集中在不采取行动的主要痛苦上。”可知，承接下文，E选项“把注意力集中在如果你不采取行动将会发生的消极的事情上。”切题；该选项对应下文中的focus instead on the major pain of not taking action。故选E项。
【38题详解】
由本段第二句“简单地陈述理由，在后面加上“但是”，然后完成句子。”可知，这是针对不采取行动的方法，承接下文，B选项“把你所有的借口都摆出来，然后处理它们。”切题。故选B项。
【39题详解】
由本段第三句“做一些很简单很小的事情。”可知，承接上文，G选项“一旦你采取了这个小动作，让自己充分享受它的美妙感觉。”切题；该选项中的that small action对应上文中的something very easy and very small。故选G项。
【40题详解】
由本段第一句“让它变得有趣。”可知，承接上文，D选项“无论你必须做什么来获得成功，找到一种享受它的方式。”切题；该选项中的find a way to enjoy it对应上文中的Make it fun。故选D项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Literature was something I was interested in. At school I was that kid who stuck his hand up to ___41___ aloud from the Shakespeare play. Over the holidays I would visit the___42___ and read literatures. While my generation was playing after school. I was in a ghetto(贫民区) learning to ___43___ .
I lived then in Lagos. The ghetto landlords had unlimited ___44___ They could throw families with all their possessions out into the street. Annoyed, I wrote about ___45___ .Those pieces were not published. Then it occurred to me to write a story about them. This began my long ___46___ in the rigorous craft(严谨构思) of the short story.
However, after finishing my A-levels, I had a job working for a paint company. ___47___ in Lagos was so terrible that it took three hours to get to work. I would wake up at 4 a.m. and write for an hour before ___48___ work. When I ___49___ I would sleep and then write till one o'clock.
The first ____50____ took a year. I got myself ____51____ from work and bought a typewriter with the severance pay(解雇金). I began ____52____ many ____53____ , who all turned it down.
Then, one morning, a letter came from Longmans' African Writers’ series. I remember giving a cry of ____54____ .That moment changed everything. I was 19.With the publication of Flowers and Shadows, the life I was meant to live____55____.
41. A. think B. read C. cry D. speak
42. A. libraries B. charities C. exhibitions D. attractions
43. A. act B. write C. cook D. paint
44. A. talents B. wealth C. powers D. freedom
45. A. friendship B. possibilities C. injustices D. welfare
46. A. memory B. suffering C. service D. adventure
47. A. Traffic B. Climate C. Accommodation D. Security
48. A. making up for B. getting down to C. looking forward to D. setting out for
49. A. resigned B. retired C. returned D. resolved
50. A. option B. draft C. visit D. picture
51. A. freed B. inspired C. fired D. prevented
52. A. re-writing B. withdrawing C. job-hunting D. exploring
53. A. friends B. teachers C. writers D. publishers
54. A. fear B. joy C. pain D. sorrow
55. A. ended B. changed C. began D. improved
【41~55题答案】
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢文学，一直努力创作，直到自己的作品出版，终于开始了想要的生活。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，我是那个举手大声朗读莎士比亚戏剧的孩子。A. think思考；B. read阅读；C. cry哭泣；D. speak说。根据后文“aloud from the Shakespeare play”指大声阅读莎士比亚戏剧。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在假期里，我会去图书馆，阅读文献。A. libraries图书馆；B. charities慈善机构；C. exhibitions展览；D. attractions旅游胜地。根据后文“and read literatures”结合是在假期，可知指去图书馆阅读文献，故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们这一代人放学后玩游戏时，我却在贫民区学习写作。A. act行动；B. write写；C. cook烹饪；D. paint油漆。呼应后文“to me to write a story about them”指作者学习写作。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：贫民窟的地主拥有无限的权力。A. talents才能；B. wealth财富；C. powers力量；D. freedom自由。根据后文“They could throw families with all their possessions out into the street.”可知地主的权利很大，可以把家庭和他们所有的财产扔到街上。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，写了一些关于不公正的事情。A. friendship友谊；B. possibilities可能性；C. injustices不公平；D. welfare福利。根据上文“Annoyed, I wrote about”以及地主把别人的财产扔到街上，可知作者写了这些不公正的事情。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这开始了我漫长的短篇小说创作之旅。A. memory记忆；B. suffering苦难；C. service服务；D. adventure冒险。根据后文“in the rigorous craft of the short story”可知，想要写故事让作者开始了短篇小说创作之旅。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉各斯的交通非常糟糕，上班要花三个小时。A. Traffic交通；B. Climate气候；C. Accommodation住宿；D. Security安全。根据后文“it took three hours to get to work”可知，拉各斯的交通非常糟糕，上班要花三个小时。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会在凌晨4点起床，写作一个小时，然后开始工作。A. making up for补偿；B. getting down to着手处理；C. looking forward to期待；D. setting out for出发去。根据上文“I would wake up at 4 a.m. and write for an hour before”可知出去发工作之前，作者要写作一个小时。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回来时，我会睡觉，然后写作直到1点钟。A. resigned辞职；B. retired退休；C. returned返回；D. resolved解决。根据“I would sleep and then write till one o'clock”可知，此处指作者下班回到家中，故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：初稿花了一年时间。A. option选择；B. draft手稿；C. visit参观；D. picture图片。上文提到作者要写书，所以这里指写作的初稿，故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被公司解雇了，用遣散费买了一台打字机。A. freed解放；B. inspired鼓舞；C. fired解雇；D. prevented阻止。根据后文“with the severance pay”可知作者被解雇了。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始改写许多出版商的作品，但他们都拒绝了。A. re-writing重写；B. withdrawing取出；C. job-hunting找工作；D. exploring探索。结合后文可知作者没有放弃写作，开始改写许多出版商的作品，re-writing符合语境。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始改写许多出版商的作品，但他们都拒绝了。A. friends朋友；B. teachers老师；C. writers作者；D. publishers出版商。根据后文“Then, one morning, a letter came from Longmans' African Writers’ series”提到了一家出版商给作者来信，可知作者是给出版商改写作品的。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得我高兴得叫了起来。A. fear恐惧；B. joy快乐；C. pain痛苦；D. sorrow悲伤。根据后文“That moment changed everything.”可知作者因为高兴而大叫。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着《花与影》的出版，我开始了我想要的生活。A. ended结束；B. changed改变；C. began开始；D. improved改善。根据上文“With the publication of Flowers and Shadows, the life I was meant to live”可知作者的作品出版，开始了自己想要的生活。故选C。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Written in bone
You may never write words on an oracle bone(甲骨) ___56___ a tortoise(龟) shell, but you might see them in a museum. The earliest confirmed evidence shows that more than 3,000 years ago, people in ___57___ Shang Dynasty started to write characters on pieces of bones and turtle shells. They are ___58___ we call “the oracle bone scripts”.
The scripts are pictograms(象形文字), with ___59___ (record) of divinations(占卜) and prayers to the gods from people in that era. They come from pictures of the objects they refer to and simplify over time, retaining(保留)the shapes but are easier ___60___ (write). “The oracle bone scripts, as an earliest ___61___ (know) and mature form of Chinese characters, present the beauty and uniqueness of a language that has been passed down ___62___ (consistent),” said Chen Nan, a professor of Tsinghua University’s Academy of Art and Design.
The society that produced the oracle bone scripts shared many of the characteristics that ___63___ (recognize) today as typically Chinese. These valuable inscriptions from China demonstrate that the memory recorded in the documentary heritage ___64___ (be) an irreplaceable way of transmitting tradition, culture and historical awareness. The scripts are the ____65____ (evident) of ancient Chinese culture but also have an “important influence” on modern Chinese values.
【答案】56. or 57. the 58. what 59. records 60. to write
61. known 62. consistently 63. are recognized 64. is 65. evidence
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对甲骨文作了相关介绍。
【56题详解】
考查连词。句意：你可能永远不会在甲骨文或龟甲上写字，但你可能会在博物馆里看到它们。分析句子可知空处表示“或者”，用or符合题意；故填or。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：最早得到证实的证据表明，3000多年前，商朝人开始在骨头和龟甲碎片上写字。本处是in+the+名词的固定搭配，译为“在……（中）”；故填the。
【58题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是我们所说的“甲骨文”。分析可知本句是表语从句，空处是引导词，表示“……的东西”，用what。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些文字是象形文字，记录了那个时代的人们对神的占卜和祈祷。with是介词，后接名词，根据英文提示，应填record，由of divinations(占卜) and prayers to the gods可知空处用名词复数形式；故填records。
【60题详解】
考查不定式。句意：它们来自它们所指对象的图片，并随着时间的推移而简化，保留了形状，但更容易书写。分析句子可知，空处是不定式主动表被动的用法，即“更容易被书写”；故填to write。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“甲骨文作为最早的已知的和成熟的汉字形式，展现了一种一直流传下来的语言的美丽和独特性，”清华大学艺术与设计学院教授陈楠表示。分析句子可知，空处缺形容词作定语修饰名词form；根据英文提示，故填known。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：“甲骨文作为最早的已知的和成熟的汉字形式，展现了一种一直流传下来的语言的美丽和独特性，”清华大学艺术与设计学院教授陈楠表示。分析句子可知，空处缺副词作状语修饰动词短语passed down；根据英文提示，故填consistently。
【63题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：产生甲骨文的那个社会具有许多今天被认为是典型的中国特征。分析句子可知，空处是宾语从句的谓语，先行词the characteristics与recognize之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；由先行词the characteristics可知谓语用复数形式；由本句中today可知本句用一般现在时；故填are recognized。
【64题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：这些来自中国的珍贵铭文证明，在文献遗产中记录的记忆是传承传统、文化和历史意识的一种不可替代的方式。由主语the memory可知空处的谓语动词用单数形式；故填is。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些文字是中国古代文化的证据，但对现代中国价值观也有“重要影响”。分析可知空处缺名词作表语，根据英文提示，应填evidence，为不可数名词；故填evidence。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假设你是李华，你想参加剑桥大学（University of Cambridge）的夏令营活动。请写封信向夏令营负责人Smith教授咨询相关事宜，要点如下：
1、表达你的意愿；
2、咨询相关事宜。
注意：1、词数100左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【66题答案】
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m always dreaming of being admitted to the University of Cambridge. And your advertisement about the summer camp caught my attention.
I am a student in China. Would you be so kind as to tell me more information about the camp. First of all, I’d like to know when the course will start and how many class hours there are per week? Second, how much do I have to pay for the course and does the cost cover the accommodation? Besides, is there anything that I should pay special attention to?
I would be most grateful if you could send me the information. Looking forward to your immediate response.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hu
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是李华，你想参加剑桥大学（University of Cambridge）的夏令营活动。请写封信向夏令营负责人Smith教授咨询相关事宜，要点如下：1、表达你的意愿；2、咨询相关事宜。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：dream of (梦想)；be admitted to(录取)；University of Cambridge (剑桥大学)；catch my attention(引起我的注意)；accommodation (住宿)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时、现在进行时、一般现在时和一般将来时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I’m always dreaming of being admitted to the University of Cambridge.非谓语动词的运用；I would be most grateful if you could send me the information.运用条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One young academically excellent person went to apply for a managerial position in a big company. He passed the first interview and then the director did the last interview to make the last decision. The director discovered from the CV that the youth's academic achievements were excellent all the way, from the secondary school until the postgraduate research. Never did he have a year when he did not score.
The director asked, "Did you obtain any scholarships in school?" The youth answered, "None."
The director asked, "Was it your father who paid for your school fees?" The youth answered, "My father passed away when I was one year old, so it was my mother who paid for all my school fees."
The director asked, "What did your mother do?" The youth answered, "My mother worked as a clothes cleaner." The director requested the youth to show his hands. The youth showed a pair of hands that were smooth and perfect.
The director asked, "Have you ever helped your mother wash the clothes before?" The youth answered, "Never. My mother always wanted me to study and read more books. Furthermore, my mother can wash clothes faster than me."
The director said, "I have a request. When you go back today, go and clean your mother's hands, and then see me back here tomorrow morning."
注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Feeling his high chance of landing the job, when he went back home, the youth happily requested his mother to let him clean her hands.
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The director noticed the tears in the youth's eyes and asked, "What have you done and learned, young man?"
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【67题答案】
【答案】Paragraph 1: Feeling his high chance of landing the job, when he went back home, the youth happily requested his mother to let him clean her hands. His mother felt strange but with mixed feelings, she showed her hands to the kid. It was the first time he had noticed that there were so many bruises in her hands. His tears fell as he cleaned her hands. This was the first time he had realized that it was the bruises in the mother’s hands that were the price that the mother had to pay for his graduation, academic excellence and his future. After finishing the cleaning of his mother’s hands, the youth quietly washed all the remaining clothes for his mother. That night, mother and son talked for a very long time. The next morning, the youth went to the director’s office. （121 words）
Paragraph 2: The director noticed the tears in the youth’s eyes and asked, “What have you done and learned, young man?” The youth answered, “I cleaned my mother’s hand, and also finished cleaning all the remaining clothes.” The director nodded, “Please tell me your feelings.” The youth said, “Firstly, I know now what appreciation is. Without my mother, there would not be the successful me today. Additionally, by working together and helping my mother, I now realize how difficult and tough it is to get something done. Ultimately, I have learned to appreciate the importance and value of family relationship.” The director smiled, “This is what I am looking for to be my manager. You are hired. Congratulations!” （107 words）
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位成绩出色的大学毕业生去应聘，当面试者了解到是他的母亲通过洗衣苦苦支撑这位年轻人上学时，他要求年轻人回家给母亲洗手，年轻人回家给母亲洗手时，才第一次意识到母亲的不易，懂得了什么叫做“感恩”。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“当他回到家时，这个年轻人感到自己找到工作的机会很大，于是他很高兴地请求他的母亲让他洗手。”可知，第一段可描写年轻人给母亲洗手，看到母亲经常洗衣的手后的心理变化以及母子之间的互动。
由第二段首句内容“主管注意到年轻人眼里的泪水，问道：‘年轻人，你做了什么，学到了什么，’”可知，第二段可描写年轻人从给母亲洗手中受到的教育，懂得了感恩，并得到了工作。
2.续写线索：洗手——意识到母亲的辛苦——母子交流——年轻人的感悟——感恩——得到工作
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.注意到：notice/observe
②.回答：answer/reply/response
③.最终：ultimately/finally/in the end
情绪类
①.感动：tears fell/be moved/be touched
②.高兴：smile/with a smile/say happily
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. It was the first time he had noticed that there were so many bruises in her hands.（运用了固定句型It was the first time+过去完成时和that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. This was the first time he had realized that it was the bruises in the mother’s hands at were the price that the mother had to pay for his graduation, academic excellence and his future.（运用了that引导宾语从句，强调句型，that引导定语从句）