2023届福建省厦门市高三毕业班第四次质量检测英语试卷（含答案）

2023届福建省厦门市高三毕业班第四次质量检测英语试卷

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Recently, an open letter signed by tech leaders and researchers proposes delaying AI development.

1．Who would probably vote for delaying AI development?

A．Iamthecheese. B．Quintessencesluglord.

C．Khopesh. D．Crashmarik.

2．Why is World Wide Web mentioned?

A．To provide a solution. B．To support an idea.

C．To introduce a method. D．To start a discussion.

3．What is Iamthecheese and Crashmarik’s common concern about AI?

A．It makes a lot of people jobless.

B．Its use will be strictly restricted.

C．It disturbs the underground operation.

D．Its development may be hard to control.

Jeremiah Thoronka was born in the fighting of the Sierra Leone civil war and grew up in the gutter (贫民窟) on the suburbs of the capital Freetown, having to burn wood for lighting and heating. Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of decent lighting.

Energy poverty is a major issue in Sierra Leone—with just 26% of the population having access to electricity. In rural parts of the country, only 6% of people have electricity access, most of whom turn to solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. As a result, it’s led to the destruction of forests as people cut down trees for firewood, which leaves Sierra Leone highly sensitive to extreme events like flooding and landslides. Families’ reliance on firewood also leads to frequent house fires.

These life-threatening disadvantages and hardships fuelled Jeremiah’s passion for renewable energy and climate change advocacy. At 17, when studying at the African Leadership University in Rwanda, he launched a start-up called Optim Energy that transforms vibrations (震动) from vehicles and footfall on roads into an electric current. It is different from established renewable energy sources including wind or solar because it generates power without relying on changeable weather.

Optim Energy ran a successful pilot program in Jeremiah’s neighbourhoods, Makawo in the northern part of Sierra Leone and Kuntoluh east of Freetown. With just two devices, the start-up provided free electricity to 150 households comprising around 1,500 citizens, as well as 15 schools where more than 9,000 students attend.

Jeremiah is currently developing plans to expand into the healthcare field, which needs power to cool medicines and create enough light for treating patients after dark.

4．What affected the young fellows’ academic performance?

A．The war. B．The smog. C．The poor lighting. D．The breathing problem.

5．What can we learn about “energy poverty” from paragraph 2?

A．It is caused by solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. B．It has a worse impact on the city area.

C．It brings about the destruction of forests. D．It increases the risk of forest fires.

6．What is special about Optim Energy?

A．It draws on vibrations to make electricity. B．It upgrades the use of solar energy.

C．It runs a pilot program throughout the city. D．It helps 9,000 students return to school.

7．What message does the text want to convey?

A．Electricity is the lifeblood of the city.

B．Whoever is happy will make others happy too.

C．Life is either a daring adventure or nothing at all.

D．We are all in the gutter, but some are making it better.

For a century, Jordan Creek cut across downtown Springfield. Over the decades, the stream regularly flooded into the city’s commercial heart. Residents had been tired of the floods so they created concrete banks to cage the stream and in 1932 buried the waterway, hiding it in culverts (排水管) under city streets. It was man’s attempt to control floodwater. That was the old way of thinking.

For a while, that controlled the floods. But the roads and other hard surfaces prevented water from going into the ground and allowing more rainwater into the enclosed streams than they could handle. Eventually, the water won. The neighborhood flooded in 2000, 2008 and 2016. For two decades, the city discussed freeing the stream and allowing water to run over the floodplain. Finally, a project to uncover 1,100 feet of Jordan Creek and build three bridges is moving forward. The new way of thinking is to give the water some room, leave some areas for floods and just let nature be nature.

Uncovering buried waterways to bring them back to life is a process known as “daylighting”. Coverings are removed and an attempt is made to restore the natural flow and the surrounding ecosystem.

The primary goal of the project is flood control. But the work has a variety of benefits. Native plantings will help improve the water quality by filtering (过滤) rainwater. The stream will replace an unsightly landscape and become a “string of pearls (珍珠)” connecting parks and green areas in the city’s “Quality of Place” initiative.

The benefits go beyond that. Stream restoration is neighborhood restoration. The project may promote economic development and increase property values and tax revenue. While the projects can be expensive, they end costly maintenance. Returning to nature is cheaper than maintaining concrete culverts.

8．What did Springfield citizens in the 1930s probably believe?

A．Man can control nature.

B．Life is prior to development.

C．Business is the heart of a city.

D．Residents should not live by a river.

9．What was one result of covering Jordan Creek?

A．Three bridges were removed. B．Water went into the ground.

C．Floods hit the neighborhood. D．Rainwater was well handled.

10．Which aspect of the project does paragraph 4 mainly discuss?

A．Economic value. B．Construction planning.

C．Flood management. D．Environmental impact.

11．Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A．A Solution That Proves a Problem

B．Old Thinking Inspires New Changes

C．“Buried” Streams Turn into Urban Centers

D．“Daylighting” Buried Waterways to Refresh Cities

Around 50,000 years ago, Homo sapiens (智人) left Africa and travelled across the world; around the same time, all the other species began to disappear. Why the other humans died out may be the biggest confusion of the early Palaeolithic age. The common explanation is that H. sapiens was brainier than other species. These humans had better communication skills and fighting ability.

According to Jonathan Kennedy, the author of Pathogenesis, there is a better explanation for why H. sapiens won out: their immune systems were superior. As their populations expanded, genetic (基因的) diversity increased and, since they lived in Africa, much closer to the equator (赤道) than other humans, H. sapiens would have been exposed to a greater range of animals carrying a variety of virus.

As H. sapiens moved across the world, they would have been protected against the diseases carried by the other humans they met. The converse was not true, however, meaning other humans were less resistant to the diseases carried by H. sapiens.

From there, Mr Kennedy goes on to rewrite much of the history of life, with virus at the forefront. Human civilisations have been shaped by diseases and infections. Some of his most striking stories come from the Spanish defeat of the Americas. The popular story here is that the Europeans had better technology and weapons with which to beat the less advanced societies in the Americas. That’s not entirely true, Mr Kennedy says. The introduction of infectious diseases from Europe, he writes, resulted in a 90% fall in the population in the Americas.

There is a clue of pattern about this book: as soon as a new set of characters is introduced, you know infection appears. But that is just a minor criticism in a convincing account of the role of viruses in world history. It helps that Mr Kennedy’s epidemiological writing is dotted with pop-culture references: The Lord of the Rings, 2001: A Space Odyssey and so on. Despite the big ideas, therefore, his book is an entertaining read.

12．What is essential to H. sapiens’ survival according to Jonathan Kennedy?

A．Their communication skills. B．Their immune systems.

C．Their physical fitness. D．Their intelligence level.

13．What does the underlined word “converse” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Opposite. B．Change. C．Conclusion. D．Talk.

14．What can we infer from Paragraph 4?

A．Mr Kennedy goes on to rewrite the history of virus.

B．Mr Kennedy acknowledges the popular story.

C．The Americas were defeated mainly for infectious diseases.

D．The Americas had advanced technology and weapons.

15．What is the author’s attitude towards Mr Kennedy’s book?

A．Critical. B．Admiring. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.

二、七选五

Most of us associate awe (敬畏) with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can waken awe too, and not just public heroes. Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom. ____16____

Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. ____17____ John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” — by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.

Though we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome, we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and boost the emotion’s positive effects.

Question your assumptions. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish? There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale. ____18____ To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about.

Name awe when you see it. Speaking out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience. Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it. This will reinforce your positive emotions. ____19____ Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience.

____20____ This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too: Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being.

A．Thank the person who awed you.

B．And recall it or write about it later.

C．Psychologists call this interpersonal awe.

D．It’s easy to forget that it can be awesome too.

E．But interpersonal awe does happen in smaller moments.

F．Here’s why you should recognize those moments of interpersonal awe.

G．The story you tell yourself gets in the way of catching people at their best.

三、完形填空

Last May, my 15-year-old son, Benjamin, told my wife and me that he would attend a Kendrick Lamar concert. We ____21____ him that he was too young to go. But my son and his friend, Josh, ____22____ to take no for an answer.

Later I received a ____23____ from Josh’s father: “How about taking the boys to the Kendrick Lamar’ concert!?” While I felt ____24____ to attend a rap concert in my fifties, Josh’s father was as excited as the boys. He also knew how to get tickets and had started ____25____ the whole evening. By this ____26____ it was impossible to say no. I couldn’t imagine anywhere I would ____27____ less.

To learn about Mr Lamar and his ____28____, I downloaded and listened to all his songs days before heading down to the Scotiabank Arena.

The truth is the concert was really ____29____. The best part, of course, was how happy my son was. I stood when ____30____, I didn’t dance, and occasionally my son gave me an encouraging, accepting nod. ____31____ Kendrick Lamar is still not my favourite artist, I’m glad my son ____32____ me to him, and I’m glad I went.

It’s so easy to sit in our towers, ____33____ by age or upbringing background. ____34____, we have children, like Benjamin, to expose us to new experiences. If, of course, we have the ____35____ to listen to them.

21．A．convinced B．informed C．comforted D．promised

22．A．refused B．struggled C．prepared D．expected

23．A．notice B．ticket C．message D．gift

24．A．relieved B．guilty C．embarrassed D．confident

25．A．singing B．sharing C．planning D．welcoming

26．A．rule B．means C．round D．point

27．A．fit in B．benefit from C．care for D．complain about

28．A．story B．music C．family D．influence

29．A．creative B．formal C．noisy D．impressive

30．A．appropriate B．bearable C．useful D．convenient

31．A．As long as B．In case C．Because D．While

32．A．compared B．referred C．introduced D．recommended

33．A．divided B．threatened C．broken D．tested

34．A．Eventually B．Consequently C．Gradually D．Fortunately

35．A．hobby B．sense C．right D．freedom

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wangdao, a biographical film about Chen Wangdao (1891 — 1977), was first shown at Fudan University on Mar 24, 2023. “Wang Dao” is not only the name of Chen but also means ____36____(insist) on the path of truth.

The film follows the life of Chen Wangdao. It shows how Chen ____37____(translate) the masterpiece The Communist Manifesto ____38____ how a group of passionate people struggled for their dreams. It ____39____(vivid) presents a scene in which Chen was so absorbed in his translation that he made ____40____ amusing mistake. His mother put a Zongzi with a bowl containing brown sugar on his desk. Moments later, his lips ____41____(cover) in ink (墨水) as he had dipped (蘸) the Zongzi into his ink. His mother jokingly asked ____42____(he) whether the sugar was sweet, and he said, “Yes, it is sweet enough.”

At 29, Chen finished the translation, ____43____ laid the foundation for the establishment of the Communist Party of China in 1921 and inspired many people ____44____(take) part in revolution (革命).

“The university decided to make the film to promote the noble character of our late head master, Chen Wangdao, and we hope his _____45_____(pursue) for a bright future of China can continue to inspire the young people,” said Qiu Xin, Party Chief of Fudan University.

五、开放性作文

46．你校英文报正在开展以“传承中华优秀文化”为主题的诗歌评论征集活动。请你写一则诗评投稿，内容包括：

1. 诗歌简介；

2. 诗歌赏析；

3. 个人感受。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写

47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Don’t pass to Makayla,” Olivia’s teammate Jordan whispered. “She’s not serious about soccer,” said Jordan as she adjusted her Orange Team shirt. The score was tied, 1-1, after halftime.

Thinking about what Jordan had said, Olivia got into position for the second half. As the center midfielder, Olivia loved to pass. She also loved it when all her teammates, including Makayla, had the chance to touch the ball. But Jordan was right. Makayla hardly ever took a shot.

After the judge blew the whistle (哨子) to start, Olivia received the ball from Jordan. She dribbled (运球) it, keeping it close. Jordan called for the ball, but was surrounded by the Green Team’s defense. Directly across from Olivia, Makayla waved her arms. She was all by herself. Hesitantly, Olivia passed the ball to her. But her shot missed, and the ball rolled out of bounds.

“I told you,” Jordan said, shaking her head. Probably Jordan was right. Olivia needed to find a way to pass the ball to Jordan, the team’s top scorer, to win the game.

After the Green Team threw in the ball from the sideline, Olivia received it and this time she pushed the ball to Jordan. Jordan received the ball, turned, and shot toward the far corner of the goal. Still, they failed.

As the other team set up for a goal kick, Olivia saw Makayla still standing inside the 18-yard box. The judge signaled her to move. The Orange Team wasn’t allowed there. When Makayla ran toward Olivia, she tripped and fell. “Are you OK?” Olivia asked. Makayla upped and rubbed (揉) her knees. “Yep, I know I’m still learning, but I love soccer.” “Me too,” Olivia said.

The Green Team rocketed a kick. Olivia stepped in front of her defender and trapped the ball. Jordan called for a pass, but she wasn’t open. Olivia held on to the ball. She cut right, then left, leaving a defender in the dust. With the ball at her feet, she looked up and there was Makayla, wide open in front of the net.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With another defender closely behind to attack, Olivia had no choice.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The crowd broke into thunderous applause and cheers.

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参考答案：

1．A    2．B    3．D

4．C    5．C    6．A    7．D

8．A    9．C    10．D    11．D

12．B    13．A    14．C    15．B

16．C    17．E    18．G    19．B    20．A

21．B    22．A    23．C    24．C    25．C    26．D    27．A    28．B    29．D    30．A    31．D    32．C    33．A    34．D    35．B

36．insisting    37．translated    38．and    39．vividly    40．an    41．were covered    42．him    43．which    44．to take    45．pursuit

46．One possible version:

“Thoughts on a Tranquil Night” is a masterpiece written by Li Bai, one of the most celebrated poets in Chinese history. The poem vividly describes the poet’s melancholy mood as he gazes at the bright moon on a tranquil night.

At the beginning, the imagery creates a serene and peaceful atmosphere, making the reader feel as if they are there with the poet, experiencing the beauty of the night. As the poem progresses, the poet reveals his inner turmoil, expressing his longing for his homeland and his sadness at being far away. This poem shows the poet’s deep sense of nostalgia and homesickness, which is a common theme in Chinese poetry.

In my opinion, this poem is so beautiful and poignant that it is a timeless classic.

47．With another defender closely behind to attack, Olivia had no choice. Olivia could only pass the ball to Makayla, but inside she didn't want to pass it to her. She wanted to pass it to Jordan. Makayla was standing in front of the net, excited to receive a pass from Olivia, when one of the Green players lunged at Makayla, trying to block Makayla's goal. Makayla split the ball to her right, eluded the other player, and then volleyed it, which then deceived the goalie and sailed safely into the goal.

The crowd broke into thunderous applause and cheers. Makayla was shocked. She didn't expect it. That's when her teammates, running toward her, especially Jordan, hugged Makayla. She thanked Makayla for kicking the ball in and saving the team. Olivia came over and told Jordan that football is a team game. We need to work together and trust each player. They persevered and won the game.