精品解析：2023届福建省厦门市高三毕业班第四次质量检测英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2023届福建省厦门市高三毕业班第四次质量检测英语试卷（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

厦门市2023届高三毕业班第四次质量检测
英语试题
本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。本试题附有答题卡。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. Who has recently started to work in the London office?
A. David. B. Jack. C. Fiona.
2. How did the man get to work today?
A. By car. B. By subway. C. By bus.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Weather. B. Health. C. Running.
4. Why is the man complaining?
A. The water supply was shut off.
B. The water heater broke down.
C. There was no shampoo available.
5. What time is it in the man’s time zone?
A. 10am. B. 5pm. C. 7pm.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the man probably find the project?
A. Difficult. B. Motivating. C. Amazing.
7. What contributes to J. K Rowling’s creativity?
A. Drinking a lot of juices. B. The coffee shop effect. C. Advice from scientists.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter. C. Blogger and viewer.
9. What is the man’s attitude toward posting Jeremy’s photos online?
A. Unconcerned. B. Favorable. C. Disapproving.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. Ignore the man’s opinion.
B. Remove the pictures online.
C. Reset privacy preferences.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does Fukuoka do?
A. A designer. B. A writer. C. A farmer.
12 What is out of Gina’s expectation at the beginning?
A. The book Alex is reading.
B. The old-fashioned farming.
C. The scene of animal raising.
13. What does Fukuoka do to prove his ideas?
A. Apply modern tech. B. Build some farms. C. Make a documentary.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the man doing?
A. Visiting a museum. B. Making a schedule. C. Asking for information.
15. On which day is the gallery closed?
A. Tuesday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
16. How long are the opening hours during the weekdays?
A. Six and a half hours. B. Eight hours. C. Ten and a half hours.
17. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the art gallery. B. Over the phone. C. At the tourist center.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where was Mandeep born?
A. In Canada. B. In the UK. C. In Panjabi.
19. What was the hardest for Mandeep as for English learning?
A. Sentence structures. B. Spoken language. C. Vocabulary.
20. What subject did Mr Holmes teach?
A. Medicine. B. English. C. Geography.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Recently, an open letter signed by tech leaders and researchers proposes delaying AI development.
Do you agree that AI development should be temporarily stopped?
Yes

NO

9295 total votes
Comments
AI threat (+4, Informative)
by Iamthecheese on Thursday March 30, 2023
AI threatens our power base. It’s being developed too widely for us to control and is being developed by people who aren’t even in the “in” group. The methods are generally too well known. We need a pause to come up with effective regulation (规则).
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Re: AI threat (+1)
by Quintessencesluglord on Friday March 31, 2023
Seems to me this exact argument could have been used against the World Wide Web at one time. We see how well regulation of that worked out. I don’t think the problem is AI.
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by Khopesh on Saturday April 01, 2023
This letter doesn’t make any sense to me. Large language models like GPT are just fancy autocomplete. They aren’t even close to true “intelligence”.
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A freeze would have no meaning (+3, Insightful)
Why stop? (+3, Interesting)
by Crashmarik on Tuesday April 04, 2023
Trying to stop its development will just drive it underground and make certain the people who should have nothing to do with it control it. Instead we should be making this the biggest research project possible, preferably with large public prizes for hitting milestones.
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1. Who would probably vote for delaying AI development?
A. Iamthecheese. B. Quintessencesluglord.
C. Khopesh. D. Crashmarik.
2. Why is World Wide Web mentioned?
A. To provide a solution. B. To support an idea.
C. To introduce a method. D. To start a discussion.
3. What is Iamthecheese and Crashmarik’s common concern about AI?
A. It makes a lot of people jobless.
B. Its use will be strictly restricted.
C. It disturbs the underground operation.
D. Its development may be hard to control.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于“你是否同意人工智能的发展应该暂时停止？”的投票结果并展示了几条评论。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“by Iamthecheese on Thursday March 30, 2023”部分中“AI threatens our power base. It’s being developed too widely for us to control(人工智能威胁着我们的权力基础。它被发展得太广泛，我们无法控制)”和“We need a pause to come up with effective regulation (规则).(我们需要暂停，想出有效的调控办法)”可知，Iamthecheese认为人工智能发展得太快而无法控制，需要暂缓。由此可知，Iamthecheese可能会投票支持暂停人工智能的发展。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据“by Quintessencesluglord on Friday March 31, 2023”部分中“Seems to me this exact argument could have been used against the World Wide Web at one time. We see how well regulation of that worked out. I don’t think the problem is AI.(在我看来，这个论点曾经可以用来反对万维网。我们看到监管的效果有多好。我认为问题不在于人工智能)”可知，是否应该暂停人工智能的发展这个问题正如人们曾经反对万维网一样，现在我们看到对万维网监管的效果有多好，故问题不在于人工智能本身。由此推知，提及万维网是为了支持“问题不在于人工智能本身”这个观点。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“by Iamthecheese on Thursday March 30, 2023”部分中“It’s being developed too widely for us to control(它发展得太广泛，我们无法控制)”以及“by Crashmarik on Tuesday April 04, 2023”部分中“Trying to stop its development will just drive it underground and make certain the people who should have nothing to do with it control it.(试图阻止它的发展只会逼其转入地下，并确保与它无关的人控制它)”可知，Iamthecheese和Crashmarik对人工智能的共同担忧是其发展可能很难控制。故选D。
B
Jeremiah Thoronka was born in the fighting of the Sierra Leone civil war and grew up in the gutter (贫民窟) on the suburbs of the capital Freetown, having to burn wood for lighting and heating. Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of decent lighting.
Energy poverty is a major issue in Sierra Leone—with just 26% of the population having access to electricity. In rural parts of the country, only 6% of people have electricity access, most of whom turn to solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. As a result, it’s led to the destruction of forests as people cut down trees for firewood, which leaves Sierra Leone highly sensitive to extreme events like flooding and landslides. Families’ reliance on firewood also leads to frequent house fires.
These life-threatening disadvantages and hardships fuelled Jeremiah’s passion for renewable energy and climate change advocacy. At 17, when studying at the African Leadership University in Rwanda, he launched a start-up called Optim Energy that transforms vibrations (震动) from vehicles and footfall on roads into an electric current. It is different from established renewable energy sources including wind or solar because it generates power without relying on changeable weather.
Optim Energy ran a successful pilot program in Jeremiah’s neighbourhoods, Makawo in the northern part of Sierra Leone and Kuntoluh east of Freetown. With just two devices, the start-up provided free electricity to 150 households comprising around 1,500 citizens, as well as 15 schools where more than 9,000 students attend.
Jeremiah is currently developing plans to expand into the healthcare field, which needs power to cool medicines and create enough light for treating patients after dark.
4. What affected the young fellows’ academic performance?
A. The war. B. The smog. C. The poor lighting. D. The breathing problem.
5. What can we learn about “energy poverty” from paragraph 2?
A. It is caused by solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. B. It has a worse impact on the city area.
C. It brings about the destruction of forests. D. It increases the risk of forest fires.
6. What is special about Optim Energy?
A. It draws on vibrations to make electricity. B. It upgrades the use of solar energy.
C. It runs a pilot program throughout the city. D. It helps 9,000 students return to school.
7. What message does the text want to convey?
A. Electricity is the lifeblood of the city.
B. Whoever is happy will make others happy too.
C. Life is either a daring adventure or nothing at all.
D. We are all in the gutter, but some are making it better.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在贫民窟里长大的Jeremiah Thoronka看到人们因为能源匮乏而生活艰辛，发明了将车辆和道路上的行人产生的振动转化为电流的设备。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of decent lighting.( Jeremiah亲眼看到，除了烟雾使呼吸问题变得常见之外，他的同龄人由于缺乏良好的照明而在学业上落后)”可知，光线太差影响了这些年轻人的学习成绩。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In rural parts of the country, only 6% of people have electricity access, most of whom turn to solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. As a result, it’s led to the destruction of forests as people cut down trees for firewood, which leaves Sierra Leone highly sensitive to extreme events like flooding and landslides.(在该国的农村地区，只有6%的人能用上电，其中大多数人使用太阳能灯和干电池。因此，它导致了森林的破坏，因为人们砍伐树木作为柴火，这使得塞拉利昂对洪水和山体滑坡等极端事件高度敏感)”可知，“能源贫困”带来了森林的破坏。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“At 17, when studying at the African Leadership University in Rwanda, he launched a start-up called Optim Energy that transforms vibrations (震动) from vehicles and footfall on roads into an electric current.(17岁时，他在卢旺达的非洲领导大学学习，创办了一家名为Optim Energy的初创公司，将车辆和道路上的行人产生的振动转化为电流)”可知，Optim Energy特别之处是可以利用它振动来发电。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Jeremiah Thoronka was born in the fighting of the Sierra Leone civil war and grew up in the gutter (贫民窟) on the suburbs of the capital Freetown, having to burn wood for lighting and heating. Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of decent lighting.(Jeremiah Thoronka出生在塞拉利昂内战期间，在首都弗里敦郊区贫民窟里长大，不得不烧木头来照明和取暖。Jeremiah看到，除了烟雾使呼吸问题变得常见之外，他的同龄人由于缺乏良好的照明而在学业上落后)”结合文章主要讲述了在贫民窟里长大的Jeremiah Thoronka看到人们因为能源匮乏而生活艰辛，发明了将车辆和道路上的行人产生的振动转化为电流的设备。可推知，文章想要传达的信息是：我们都生活在贫民窟里，但有些人正在让它变得更好。故选D。
C
For a century, Jordan Creek cut across downtown Springfield. Over the decades, the stream regularly flooded into the city’s commercial heart. Residents had been tired of the floods so they created concrete banks to cage the stream and in 1932 buried the waterway, hiding it in culverts (排水管) under city streets. It was man’s attempt to control floodwater. That was the old way of thinking.
For a while, that controlled the floods. But the roads and other hard surfaces prevented water from going into the ground and allowing more rainwater into the enclosed streams than they could handle. Eventually, the water won. The neighborhood flooded in 2000, 2008 and 2016. For two decades, the city discussed freeing the stream and allowing water to run over the floodplain. Finally, a project to uncover 1,100 feet of Jordan Creek and build three bridges is moving forward. The new way of thinking is to give the water some room, leave some areas for floods and just let nature be nature.
Uncovering buried waterways to bring them back to life is a process known as “daylighting”. Coverings are removed and an attempt is made to restore the natural flow and the surrounding ecosystem.
The primary goal of the project is flood control. But the work has a variety of benefits. Native plantings will help improve the water quality by filtering (过滤) rainwater. The stream will replace an unsightly landscape and become a “string of pearls (珍珠)” connecting parks and green areas in the city’s “Quality of Place” initiative.
The benefits go beyond that. Stream restoration is neighborhood restoration. The project may promote economic development and increase property values and tax revenue. While the projects can be expensive, they end costly maintenance. Returning to nature is cheaper than maintaining concrete culverts.
8. What did Springfield citizens in the 1930s probably believe?
A. Man can control nature.
B. Life is prior to development.
C. Business is the heart of a city.
D. Residents should not live by a river.
9. What was one result of covering Jordan Creek?
A. Three bridges were removed. B. Water went into the ground.
C. Floods hit the neighborhood. D. Rainwater was well handled.
10. Which aspect of the project does paragraph 4 mainly discuss?
A. Economic value. B. Construction planning.
C. Flood management. D. Environmental impact.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Solution That Proves a Problem
B. Old Thinking Inspires New Changes
C. “Buried” Streams Turn into Urban Centers
D. “Daylighting” Buried Waterways to Refresh Cities
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们改变治理约旦河的方法——将原来掩埋的河道挖开，以及该办法带来的好处。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Residents had been tired of the floods so they created concrete banks to cage the stream and in 1932 buried the waterway, hiding it in culverts (排水管) under city streets. It was man’s attempt to control floodwater. That was the old way of thinking.(居民们已经厌倦了洪水，所以他们建造了混凝土堤岸来阻挡溪流，并于1932年将水道掩埋，藏在城市街道下的涵洞中。人类试图控制洪水。那是旧的思维方式)”可推知，20世纪30年代Springfield的市民可能认为人类可以控制大自然的力量，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“in 1932 buried the waterway, hiding it in culverts (排水管) under city streets.(并于1932年将水道掩埋，藏在城市街道下的涵洞中)”和第二段中“Eventually, the water won. The neighborhood flooded in 2000, 2008 and 2016. (最终，洪水取得了胜利。这个社区在2000年、2008年和2016年遭遇了洪水)”可知，人们埋上Jordan Creek这条水道后，洪水袭击了社区。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Native plantings will help improve the water quality by filtering (过滤) rainwater. The stream will replace an unsightly landscape and become a “string of pearls (珍珠)” connecting parks and green areas in the city’s “Quality of Place” initiative.(本土种植将有助于通过过滤雨水来改善水质。该溪流将取代难看的景观，成为连接公园和绿化地区的“珍珠链”，以配合城市的“优质地点”计划)”可知，第四段主要讨论了该项目对环境带来的影响，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“For two decades, the city discussed freeing the stream and allowing water to run over the floodplain. Finally, a project to uncover 1,100 feet of Jordan Creek and build three bridges is moving forward. The new way of thinking is to give the water some room, leave some areas for floods and just let nature be nature.(二十年来，这座城市一直在讨论解放这条小溪，让洪水漫过平原。最后，一个挖掘约旦河1100英尺并建造三座桥梁项目正在向前推进。新的思维方式是给水一些空间，留一些地方让洪水泛滥，让自然成为自然)”和最后一段“The benefits go beyond that. Stream restoration is neighborhood restoration. The project may promote economic development and increase property values and tax revenue. While the projects can be expensive, they end costly maintenance. Returning to nature is cheaper than maintaining concrete culverts.(好处远不止于此。溪流恢复就是邻里恢复。该项目可以促进经济发展，增加财产价值和税收收入。虽然这些项目可能很昂贵，但它们终结了昂贵的维护费用。回归自然比维护混凝土涵洞便宜)”可知，文章主要介绍了人们改变治理约旦河的方法——将原来掩埋的河流挖开，以及该办法带来的好处，D项“让地下水道“重见光明”，这使城市焕然一新”适合做文章标题，故选D。
D
Around 50,000 years ago, Homo sapiens (智人) left Africa and travelled across the world; around the same time, all the other species began to disappear. Why the other humans died out may be the biggest confusion of the early Palaeolithic age. The common explanation is that H. sapiens was brainier than other species. These humans had better communication skills and fighting ability.
According to Jonathan Kennedy, the author of Pathogenesis, there is a better explanation for why H. sapiens won out: their immune systems were superior. As their populations expanded, genetic (基因的) diversity increased and, since they lived in Africa, much closer to the equator (赤道) than other humans, H. sapiens would have been exposed to a greater range of animals carrying a variety of virus.
As H. sapiens moved across the world, they would have been protected against the diseases carried by the other humans they met. The converse was not true, however, meaning other humans were less resistant to the diseases carried by H. sapiens.
From there, Mr Kennedy goes on to rewrite much of the history of life, with virus at the forefront. Human civilisations have been shaped by diseases and infections. Some of his most striking stories come from the Spanish defeat of the Americas. The popular story here is that the Europeans had better technology and weapons with which to beat the less advanced societies in the Americas. That’s not entirely true, Mr Kennedy says. The introduction of infectious diseases from Europe, he writes, resulted in a 90% fall in the population in the Americas.
There is a clue of pattern about this book: as soon as a new set of characters is introduced, you know infection appears. But that is just a minor criticism in a convincing account of the role of viruses in world history. It helps that Mr Kennedy’s epidemiological writing is dotted with pop-culture references: The Lord of the Rings, 2001: A Space Odyssey and so on. Despite the big ideas, therefore, his book is an entertaining read.
12. What is essential to H. sapiens’ survival according to Jonathan Kennedy?
A. Their communication skills. B. Their immune systems.
C. Their physical fitness. D. Their intelligence level.
13. What does the underlined word “converse” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Opposite. B. Change. C. Conclusion. D. Talk.
14. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. Mr Kennedy goes on to rewrite the history of virus.
B. Mr Kennedy acknowledges the popular story.
C. The Americas were defeated mainly for infectious diseases.
D. The Americas had advanced technology and weapons.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards Mr Kennedy’s book?
A. Critical. B. Admiring. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Jonathan Kennedy的《发病机理》一书，该作品从针对传染病的免疫系统角度解释了智人在人类进化中胜出、美洲人口锐减的原因，是一本宏达同时有趣的书。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to Jonathan Kennedy, the author of Pathogenesis, there is a better explanation for why H. sapiens won out: their immune systems were superior.（《发病机理》一书的作者Jonathan Kennedy认为，智人胜出的原因有一个更好的解释：他们的免疫系统更优越。）”可知，Jonathan Kennedy认为智人存活下来关键在于他们的免疫系统。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“As H. sapiens moved across the world, they would have been protected against the diseases carried by the other humans they met. The converse was not true, however, meaning other humans were less resistant to the diseases carried by H. sapiens.（当智人在世界各地迁徙时，他们可能会免受他们遇到的其他人类携带的疾病的侵害。然而，……的情况并不成立，这意味着其他人类对智人携带的疾病的抵抗力较弱。）”可知，智人可以抵抗其他人类携带的疾病，但其他人类无法抵抗智人携带的疾病。由此推知，后者和前者这样反过来的情况并不成立，converse意为“相反的”，与opposite意思一致。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The introduction of infectious diseases from Europe, he writes, resulted in a 90% fall in the population in the Americas.（他写道，从欧洲传入的传染病导致美洲的人口减少了90%。）”可知，美洲人口是因为传染病减少的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，Jonathan Kennedy的《发病机理》一书从针对传染病的免疫系统角度，解释了智人在人类进化中胜出、美洲人口锐减的原因，再结合文章最后一句“Despite the big ideas, therefore, his book is an entertaining read.（因此，尽管他的书思想宏大，但却是一本有趣的读物。）”可知，作者认为这本书思想宏达，同时很有趣味。由此推知，作者对该书是充满欣赏的。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of us associate awe (敬畏) with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can waken awe too, and not just public heroes. Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom. ____16____
Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. ____17____ John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” — by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.
Though we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome, we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and boost the emotion’s positive effects.
Question your assumptions. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish? There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale. ____18____ To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about.
Name awe when you see it. Speaking out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience. Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it. This will reinforce your positive emotions. ____19____ Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience.
____20____ This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too: Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being.
A. Thank the person who awed you.
B. And recall it or write about it later.
C. Psychologists call this interpersonal awe.
D. It’s easy to forget that it can be awesome too.
E. But interpersonal awe does happen in smaller moments.
F. Here’s why you should recognize those moments of interpersonal awe.
G. The story you tell yourself gets in the way of catching people at their best.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人与人之间也可以产生或大或小的敬畏，我们可以抛弃自己的成见，用心观察他人令人敬畏的时刻，积极表达、体验敬畏，向给我们带来敬畏的人表达感恩。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom.（研究表明，我们可能会对最亲近的人感到敬畏——坐在沙发上、在电话那头聊天、在Zoom上回看我们的人。）”和下一段中“Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps.（通常，人际敬畏是对生活中重大而彻底的变化的反应，比如目睹婴儿迈出第一步。）”可知，本段引入了对身边的人感到敬畏这一话题，下一段谈到了人际敬畏，空处在本段末尾，需起到衔接的作用，会提到“人际敬畏”这一概念。C项“心理学家称之为人际敬畏。”符合语境，呼应后文。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps.（通常，人际敬畏是对生活中重大而彻底的变化的反应，比如目睹婴儿迈出第一步。）”和后文“John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” — by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.（John Bargh说，在麦当劳吃饭时，他“真的被5岁的女儿震惊了”。当她听到另一个孩子在哭时，她从她的开心乐园餐中抓起玩具，走到男孩面前递给他。）”可知，本段在举例说明人际敬畏，前文是大的例子，后文是小的例子，空处需提出人际敬畏可能很小，从而过渡到后文。E项“但人与人之间的敬畏确实发生在更小的时刻。”符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前文“There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale.（这可能有一点道理，但绝不是全部。）”和后文“To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about.（为了增加你对对方感到敬畏的机会，问问自己他或她的生活中发生了什么你不知道的事情。）”可知，本段讨论从自己角度出发的想法可能会扭曲了他人真实的面貌，妨碍人际敬畏的产生，建议倾听别人的叙述，空处会说明这一妨碍，起到衔接的作用。G项“你给自己讲的故事会妨碍你抓住别人最好的一面。”符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Name awe when you see it.（当你看到敬畏的时候，表达出来。）”、“Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it.（在那一刻品味它，然后告诉别人。）”和后文“Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience.（研究表明，只要回忆起敬畏的经历，你就会再次感到敬畏。）”可知，本段讨论积极地表达、回味、体验敬畏，空处需承接前文的这两个建议，进一步讨论如何对待敬畏的感受，呼应后文的回忆。B项“然后回忆一下或者写下来。”符合语境，其中的“recall”和后文的“remembering”呼应。故选B。
【20题详解】
空处位于段首，需统领本段内容。根据后文“This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too: Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being.（这会让对方感觉良好，并能促进你们的关系。这对你也有帮助：研究表明，感恩的人有更高的幸福感和心理健康水平。）”可知，本段讨论表达感恩及其好处，空处需涉及感恩。A项“感谢让你敬畏的人。”符合语境，可统领后文内容。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last May, my 15-year-old son, Benjamin, told my wife and me that he would attend a Kendrick Lamar concert. We ____21____ him that he was too young to go. But my son and his friend, Josh, ____22____ to take no for an answer.
Later I received a ____23____ from Josh’s father: “How about taking the boys to the Kendrick Lamar’ concert!?” While I felt ____24____ to attend a rap concert in my fifties, Josh’s father was as excited as the boys. He also knew how to get tickets and had started ____25____ the whole evening. By this ____26____ it was impossible to say no. I couldn’t imagine anywhere I would ____27____ less.
To learn about Mr Lamar and his ____28____, I downloaded and listened to all his songs days before heading down to the Scotiabank Arena.
The truth is the concert was really ____29____. The best part, of course, was how happy my son was. I stood when ____30____, I didn’t dance, and occasionally my son gave me an encouraging, accepting nod. ____31____ Kendrick Lamar is still not my favourite artist, I’m glad my son ____32____ me to him, and I’m glad I went.
It’s so easy to sit in our towers, ____33____ by age or upbringing background. ____34____, we have children, like Benjamin, to expose us to new experiences. If, of course, we have the ____35____ to listen to them.
21. A. convinced B. informed C. comforted D. promised
22. A. refused B. struggled C. prepared D. expected
23. A. notice B. ticket C. message D. gift
24. A. relieved B. guilty C. embarrassed D. confident
25. A. singing B. sharing C. planning D. welcoming
26. A. rule B. means C. round D. point
27. A. fit in B. benefit from C. care for D. complain about
28. A. story B. music C. family D. influence
29. A. creative B. formal C. noisy D. impressive
30. A. appropriate B. bearable C. useful D. convenient
31. A. As long as B. In case C. Because D. While
32. A. compared B. referred C. introduced D. recommended
33. A. divided B. threatened C. broken D. tested
34. A. Eventually B. Consequently C. Gradually D. Fortunately
35. A. hobby B. sense C. right D. freedom
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者陪儿子和他的朋友一起去音乐会的经历，作者认为音乐会令人印象深刻，感悟到我们很容易因为年龄或成长背景的不同而坐在各自的塔楼里。幸运的是，我们有像自己的儿子这样的孩子，可以让我们接触到新的体验。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们告诉他，他年纪太小，不能去。A. convinced说服；B. informed通知；C. comforted安慰；D. promised承诺。根据后文“him that he was too young to go”可知，此处指告诉儿子，他年纪太小，不能去。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我儿子和他的朋友Josh拒绝接受了这一回答。A. refused拒绝；B. struggled挣扎；C. prepared准备；D. expected期待。根据上文“But my son and his friend, Josh”中but表示转折，说明儿子和他的朋友乔希拒绝接受了这一回答。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我收到了Josh的父亲发来的信息：“带孩子们去听Kendrick Lamar的演唱会怎么样？”A. notice通知；B. ticket车票；C. message信息；D. gift礼物。根据上文“I received a”指收到信息，应用message。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我50多岁参加说唱音乐会时感到尴尬时，乔希的父亲和男孩们一样兴奋。A. relieved安慰的；B. guilty内疚的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confident自信的。根据后文“to attend a rap concert in my fifties”可知，作者认为自己年纪大了，参加说唱音乐会感到尴尬。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他也知道如何买到票，并开始计划整个晚上的活动。A. singing歌唱；B. sharing分享；C. planning计划；D. welcoming欢迎。根据上文“He also knew how to get tickets and had started”可知，Josh的父亲开始安排这个夜晚。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了这个时候，说不已经不可能了。A. rule规则；B. means方法；C. round轮次；D. point要点、时刻。结合上文可知Josh的父亲积极安排活动，所以到了这个时候，说不已经不可能了。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想不出还有什么地方比这里更适合我了。A. fit in适应；B. benefit from受益；C. care for关心；D. complain about抱怨。结合上文“anywhere I would”指作者想不出还有什么地方比这里更适合自己。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了了解拉马尔和他的音乐，我在前往Scotiabank Arena前几天下载并听了他所有的歌曲。A. story故事；B. music音乐；C. family家人；D. influence影响。根据后文“I downloaded and listened to all his songs”可知，了解拉马尔和他的音乐，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这场音乐会确实令人印象深刻。A. creative创造性的；B. formal正式的；C. noisy吵闹的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据后文“The best part, of course, was how happy my son was.”可知，这场音乐会确实令人印象深刻。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在适当时候站着，不跳舞，偶尔我儿子会给我一个鼓励的、接受的点头。A. appropriate合适的；B. bearable可忍受的；C. useful有用的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文“I didn’t dance, and occasionally my son gave me an encouraging, accepting nod”可知，作者是配合儿子去看音乐会的，所以是在适当的时候站着。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然肯德里克·拉马尔仍然不是我最喜欢的艺术家，但我很高兴我儿子把我介绍给他，我很高兴我去了。A. As long as只要；B. In case万一；C. Because因为；D. While虽然。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然肯德里克·拉马尔仍然不是我最喜欢的艺术家，但我很高兴我儿子把我介绍给他，我很高兴我去了。A. compared比较；B. referred涉及；C. introduced介绍；D. recommended推荐。根据后文“me to him, and I’m glad I went”指儿子给作者介绍了自己喜欢的歌手。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易因为年龄或成长背景的不同而坐在各自的塔楼里。A. divided分开；B. threatened威胁；C. broken打破；D. tested测试。根据后文“by age or upbringing background”可知，指因为年龄或成长背景的不同而被分开，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们有像本杰明这样的孩子，让我们接触到新的体验。A. Eventually最后；B. Consequently因此；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“to expose us to new experiences”可知，指幸运的是，我们有像本杰明这样的孩子，让我们接触到新的体验。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，如果我们有意识去倾听他们的话。A. hobby爱好；B. sense感觉，意识；C. right权利；D. freedom自由。根据后文“to listen to them”以及上文作者陪儿子去音乐会，可知是有意识倾听孩子们的发言。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wangdao, a biographical film about Chen Wangdao (1891 — 1977), was first shown at Fudan University on Mar 24, 2023. “Wang Dao” is not only the name of Chen but also means ____36____(insist) on the path of truth.
The film follows the life of Chen Wangdao. It shows how Chen ____37____(translate) the masterpiece The Communist Manifesto ____38____ how a group of passionate people struggled for their dreams. It ____39____(vivid) presents a scene in which Chen was so absorbed in his translation that he made ____40____ amusing mistake. His mother put a Zongzi with a bowl containing brown sugar on his desk. Moments later, his lips ____41____(cover) in ink (墨水) as he had dipped (蘸) the Zongzi into his ink. His mother jokingly asked ____42____(he) whether the sugar was sweet, and he said, “Yes, it is sweet enough.”
At 29, Chen finished the translation, ____43____ laid the foundation for the establishment of the Communist Party of China in 1921 and inspired many people ____44____(take) part in revolution (革命).
“The university decided to make the film to promote the noble character of our late head master, Chen Wangdao, and we hope his _____45_____(pursue) for a bright future of China can continue to inspire the young people,” said Qiu Xin, Party Chief of Fudan University.
【答案】36. insisting
37. translated
38. and 39. vividly
40. an 41. were covered
42. him 43. which
44. to take
45. pursuit
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了复旦大学制作的电影《望道》，该电影讲述了学者陈望道追求真理的一生，展现了他高尚的品格。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“望道”不仅是陈先生的名字，还意味着坚持真理的道路。分析句子可知，空处作means的宾语，需用insist的动名词形式insisting。故填insisting。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：它展示了陈先生如何翻译名著《共产党宣言》，以及一群充满激情的人如何为自己的梦想而奋斗。电影中展现的是陈先生的人生，发生在过去，how引导的宾语从句应用一般过去时，空处作宾语从句的谓语，应用translate的过去式translated。故填translated。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：它展示了陈先生如何翻译名著《共产党宣言》，以及一群充满激情的人如何为自己的梦想而奋斗。分析句子可知，前后两个how分别引导名词性从句作shows的宾语，从句之间是并列关系，空处应用连词and进行连接。故填and。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：它生动地呈现了陈先生全神贯注于翻译而犯了一个有趣错误的一幕。分析句子可知，空处修饰谓语动词presents，作状语，应用vivid的副词形式vividly，意为“生动地”。故填vividly。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它生动地呈现了陈先生全神贯注于翻译而犯了一个有趣错误的一幕。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且amusing以辅音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：过了一会儿，他把粽子浸在墨水里，嘴唇上沾满了墨水。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语动词，句子在叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，cover和主语his lips之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词需用were。故填were covered。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：他妈妈开玩笑地问他糖甜不甜，他说:“是的，够甜了。”分析句子可知，空处作asked的宾语，应用he的宾格形式him。故填him。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：29岁时，陈先生完成了翻译，这为1921年中国共产党的成立奠定了基础，并激励了许多人参加革命。分析句子可知，空处需引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词translation作补充说明，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：29岁时，陈先生完成了翻译，这为1921年中国共产党的成立奠定了基础，并激励了许多人参加革命。根据“inspired many people”可知，此处用固定短语inspire sb. to do sth.，意为“激励某人做……”，空处应用take的不定式形式to take。故填to take。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：学校决定制作这部电影来宣传我们已故校长陈望道的高尚品格，我们希望他对中国美好未来的追求能继续激励年轻人。分析句子可知，空处被his修饰，作hope的宾语从句中的主语，应用pursue的名词形式pursuit，意为“追求”，是不可数名词。故填pursuit。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英文报正在开展以“传承中华优秀文化”为主题的诗歌评论征集活动。请你写一则诗评投稿，内容包括：
1. 诗歌简介；
2. 诗歌赏析；
3. 个人感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
“Thoughts on a Tranquil Night” is a masterpiece written by Li Bai, one of the most celebrated poets in Chinese history. The poem vividly describes the poet’s melancholy mood as he gazes at the bright moon on a tranquil night.
At the beginning, the imagery creates a serene and peaceful atmosphere, making the reader feel as if they are there with the poet, experiencing the beauty of the night. As the poem progresses, the poet reveals his inner turmoil, expressing his longing for his homeland and his sadness at being far away. This poem shows the poet’s deep sense of nostalgia and homesickness, which is a common theme in Chinese poetry.
In my opinion, this poem is so beautiful and poignant that it is a timeless classic.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。题目要求考生选择一首中国古诗写一则诗评，需包括诗歌简介、诗歌赏析和个人的感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
著名的：celebrated→eminent, prestigious, distinguished
描述：describe→narrate, recount, relate
首先：at the beginning→to begin with, at first
似乎：as if→as though
经历：experience→undergo, encounter, meet
展示：reveal→show, disclose, uncover, display
在我看来：in my opinion→from my perspective, as far as I am concerned
令人沉痛的：poignant→touching, moving, miserable
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：“Thoughts on a Tranquil Night” is a masterpiece written by Li Bai, one of the most celebrated poets in Chinese history.
拓展句：“Thoughts on a Tranquil Night” is a masterpiece written by Li Bai, who is one of the most celebrated poets in Chinese history.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The poem vividly describes the poet’s melancholy mood as he gazes at the bright moon on a tranquil night.（运用了as引导时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】At the beginning, the imagery creates a serene and peaceful atmosphere, making the reader feel as if they are there with the poet, experiencing the beauty of the night.（运用了现在分词短语作状语和as if引导方式状语从句）
【高分句型3】This poem shows the poet’s deep sense of nostalgia and homesickness, which is a common theme in Chinese poetry.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Don’t pass to Makayla,” Olivia’s teammate Jordan whispered. “She’s not serious about soccer,” said Jordan as she adjusted her Orange Team shirt. The score was tied, 1-1, after halftime.
Thinking about what Jordan had said, Olivia got into position for the second half. As the center midfielder, Olivia loved to pass. She also loved it when all her teammates, including Makayla, had the chance to touch the ball. But Jordan was right. Makayla hardly ever took a shot.
After the judge blew the whistle (哨子) to start, Olivia received the ball from Jordan. She dribbled (运球) it, keeping it close. Jordan called for the ball, but was surrounded by the Green Team’s defense. Directly across from Olivia, Makayla waved her arms. She was all by herself. Hesitantly, Olivia passed the ball to her. But her shot missed, and the ball rolled out of bounds.
“I told you,” Jordan said, shaking her head. Probably Jordan was right. Olivia needed to find a way to pass the ball to Jordan, the team’s top scorer, to win the game.
After the Green Team threw in the ball from the sideline, Olivia received it and this time she pushed the ball to Jordan. Jordan received the ball, turned, and shot toward the far corner of the goal. Still, they failed.
As the other team set up for a goal kick, Olivia saw Makayla still standing inside the 18-yard box. The judge signaled her to move. The Orange Team wasn’t allowed there. When Makayla ran toward Olivia, she tripped and fell. “Are you OK?” Olivia asked. Makayla upped and rubbed (揉) her knees. “Yep, I know I’m still learning, but I love soccer.” “Me too,” Olivia said.
The Green Team rocketed a kick. Olivia stepped in front of her defender and trapped the ball. Jordan called for a pass, but she wasn’t open. Olivia held on to the ball. She cut right, then left, leaving a defender in the dust. With the ball at her feet, she looked up and there was Makayla, wide open in front of the net.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
With another defender closely behind to attack, Olivia had no choice.
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The crowd broke into thunderous applause and cheers.
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【答案】With another defender closely behind to attack, Olivia had no choice. Olivia could only pass the ball to Makayla, but inside she didn't want to pass it to her. She wanted to pass it to Jordan. Makayla was standing in front of the net, excited to receive a pass from Olivia, when one of the Green players lunged at Makayla, trying to block Makayla's goal. Makayla split the ball to her right, eluded the other player, and then volleyed it, which then deceived the goalie and sailed safely into the goal.
The crowd broke into thunderous applause and cheers. Makayla was shocked. She didn't expect it. That's when her teammates, running toward her, especially Jordan, hugged Makayla. She thanked Makayla for kicking the ball in and saving the team. Olivia came over and told Jordan that football is a team game. We need to work together and trust each player. They persevered and won the game.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了奥利维亚与队友乔丹等与绿队进行的一场足球比赛。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“另一个防守者紧跟在后面进攻，奥利维亚别无选择。”可知，第一段可描写奥利维亚只能把球传给Makayla，结果Makayla把球踢进。
②由第二段首句内容“人群中爆发出雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。”可知，第二段可描写队友感谢Makayla，并且发扬团队精神，最终赢下比赛。
2.续写线索：阻挡——无奈——传球——进球——欢呼——感谢——合作——获胜
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走过来：come over /come up to
②相信：trust /believe in
情绪类
①感谢：thank/show one's appreciation/be grateful
②兴奋：excited /thrilled
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She wanted to pass it to Jordan. Makayla was standing in front of the net, excited to receive a pass from Olivia, when one of the Green players lunged at Makayla, trying to block Makayla's goal.(运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. Makayla split the ball to her right, eluded the other player, and then volleyed it, which then deceived the goalie and sailed safely into the goal.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3]. Olivia came over and told Jordan that football is a team game.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BACAC 6-10 ABACC 11-15 BABCA 16-20 ABBCC