北京大兴区2022_2023学年高一下学期期中英语检测试卷

大兴区2022~2023学年度第二学期期中检测

高一英语

第一部分   知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节  完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When I was eight years old, I spent a few weeks of the summer at a Girl Scout camp called Camp Redwing—a place where the scenery was beautiful. My friends and I were all excited about the day’s creek hike.

When one person in the group    1    a slug (鼻涕虫), we were all excited. We gathered around pushing each other to be in the front with the best view. And that’s when one of the counselors told us that when you lick (舔)a slug, your    2    goes numb. Then the counselor caught it and began    3    it around. When the slug made it way to me, my    4    took over and I decided to lick it. It was slimy (黏的) and cold, but not as disgusting as I expected.    5   , it did not numb my tongue; the numbing chemical must have been    6    by the time it reached me. The enthusiasm I had to try it out and learn something new is a feeling that has stuck with me since.

When we’re kids, we want to know everything. We bother our parents with    7    questions of “Why?” and we try everything in school. But as we grow up and reach high school, then college, curiosity seems to    8    a lot.

Now, when I feel myself losing the passion for learning, I remembered to lick the slug—whatever the slug is in that moment. I’ll do anything that ignites that same enthusiasm in me, and I    9    what other people think about it. I know that my childlike curiosity is something I don’t want to    10    up, and I try to bring it to the surface as much as I can.

1. A. found   B. saved   C. held   D. killed

2. A. hand   B. face   C. leg   D. tongue

3. A. telling   B. passing  C. playing  D. placing

4. A. courage   B. emotion  C. curiosity  D. ability

5. A. Unfortunately  B. Frankly  C. Constantly  D. Quickly

6. A. wasted   B. gone   C. spread   D. beaten

7. A. difficult   B. satisfying  C. endless  D. short

8. A. decrease   B. leave   C. change   D. affect

9. A. think   B. weigh   C. ignore   D. balance

10. A. use   B. set   C. break   D. give

第二节  语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

Every day, upon picking up my 11-year-old son from school, I would ask, “How was your day?” For years, I got the same    11    (respond)—“Fine, fine”—with no eye contact. His autism (自闭症) was going to prevent me from the normal chit- chat that parents    12    (unconscious) enjoy. One early spring afternoon, I asked the question, expecting the same answer. “How was your day?” My son replied, “Good, good.” Then, he looked at me and said, “How was your day, Mom?” With tears    13    (stream) down my face, I said, “It’s really good—the best day ever.”

B

We all know eating late is bad for us. A new study says it could make us sick. Researchers say that eating before bedtime    14    (increase) the risk of obesity. The researchers linked to Harvard Medical School looked into    15    eating late increased the risk of putting on weight. They found that eating late doubles our feeling of hunger, so we’ eat more. When we eat    16    (early), we are less hungry, so we eat less food. Later eaters also eat unhealthier food, especially fast food. They also move around less before sleeping. This means they do not burn off calories.

C

Andv Warhol was a successful magazine and ad illustrator    17    became a leading artist of the 1960s Pop art movement. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1926. When he graduated from college, he moved to New York City    18    (pursue)a career as a commercial artist. In 1962, he exhibited the now- iconic paintings of Campbell’s soup cans,    19    created a major stir in the art world. He also drew portraits and opened his own art studio. His works blurred the lines between fine arts and mainstream aesthetics. By the time of his death in 1987, he    20    (become) one of the most important figures in American-art history.

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Visitor Guidelines of The Metropolitan Museum

We look forward to welcoming you to The Met! Please review our visitor guidelines outlined below prior to your visit. By visiting in person, you agree to obey the rules, and The Met reserves the right to ask visitors who do not follow these guidelines to leave the Museum.

Health and Safety

The health and safety of all is the first. The Met will continue to monitor and follow guidelines issued by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), New York State, and New York City for health and safety procedures that inform our operations. Masks are strongly recommended. We cannot make sure that you will not be exposed to COVID-19 during your visit to The Met. Those visiting The Met do so at their own risk of such exposure.

Museum Admission

Entrance into the Museum’s galleries requires a ticket or Membership card. New York State residents and New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut students, the amount you pay for tickets is up to you.

If you wish to pay less than the general admission ticket prices, you may purchase your ticket at a Met ticket desk with a valid New York State driver’s license, New York State identification card, student ID, or New York library card.

General Admission

For visitors who are not New York State residents or NY, NJ, or CT students:

General admission is $30 for adults, $22 for seniors, and $17 for students

Admission is free for Members, Patrons, and children under 12

Admission is free for a caregiver accompanying a visitor with a disability.

Members

When you enter the Museum, have your Membership card ready. We’ll scan your card, and you can head right into the galleries without a ticket.

Photography and Video Rule

The Met permits photography and video for private, non-commercial use only at The Met Fifth Avenue and The Met Cloisters.

Hand-Held Cameras and video on personal cellular devices may be used, without a flash (闪光), to photograph and film the galleries unless designated (标明的).

Photographs and video cannot be published, sold, reproduced, transferred, distributed, or otherwise commercially used in any manner.

21. According to the health and safety terms. ______.

A. visitors are required to wear a mask

B. visitors are recommended to wear a mask

C. the Met checks visitors’ vaccination and test results

D. the Met is responsible for COVID exposure

22.25-year-old Li Hua is a student at New York University, if she visits the Met with a friend, who is a member, and her two brothers, both 27 and visiting from China, how much do they have to pay for the admission at least?

A. $ 60    B. $ 90    C. $ 107    D. $ 77

23. Which of the following is allowed according to the photography and video rule?

A. Shooting items labelled no photo with a hand-held camera.

B. Taking photos with your mobile phone’s flash on.

C. Printing out your photo and sharing it with your friends.

D. Putting your video online and charge money for viewing.

B

The owner of a house in Sonoma County, California called pest (害虫) control when they spotted worms coming from one of their bedroom walls. Those worms turned out to be meal worms, feeding on an unbelievable amount of acorns (橡树子), believed to be collected by a pair of woodpeckers.

“It was really strange. I had never really seen worms with acorns before,” Castro from the pest control said. But the strangeness was just beginning.

After making a small 4-inch-square hole in the wall, Castro said the acorns began spilling out. That alone wouldn’t be terribly unusual, but they “just kept coming,” he said.

“It was very unbelievable to see the amount,” said Castro. He guesses there were at least 700 pounds of acorns, likely collected over the past two to five years.

Often woodpeckers store acorns on the outside of homes, but hardly do they get them inside. In this case, Castro discovered the birds dropped their treasures through a hole in the chimney and entered the attic through a separate hole to eat.

As they dropped from the attic, tens of thousands of acorns gathered from several nearby oak trees filled the hole of the walls, Castro explained.

But this odd find took unusual to a whole new level for the man who has been working in the pest control industry for more than 20 years.

“On a scale from 1 to 10, this is a 10. It’s a one in a million chance to find something this unusual,” said Castro. “I expected to find a few handfuls, nothing like this.”

It took creating another three holes in the home’s walls to remove all the acorns, which piled and reached about 20 feet high, Castro believed.

Castro and his crew of three spent a full day collecting the nuts.

“We filled eight big black garbage bags. They were so heavy we could hardly pick them up,” said Castro. “They had to have weighed at least a hundred pounds each.”

The acorns were thrown away as they were covered in droppings and bits of fiberglass from the wall’s insulation.

24. Why did the owner called pest control?

A. He had too many acorns.     B. He was fed up with woodpeckers.

C. He saw worm coming out his wall.   D. He spotted holes on his wall.

25. Castro felt strange because ______.

A. worms hardly comes out from walls   B. acorns hardly get worms

C. woodpeckers doesn’t store acorns   D. acorns are hardly stored in walls

26. What can we know from the passage?

A. The acorns had seriously damaged the house.

B. The acorns were sold because there were lots of them.

C. Woodpeckers store acorns to get worms to eat.

D. Woodpeckers keep acorns often on the outside of a wall

C

Even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence, it’s time to pay attention to ChatGPT, because this one is a big deal.

The tool, developed by Open AI, lets you type natural-language prompts (提示). ChatGPT then offers conversational responses. The robot remembers the information of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It draws its answers from huge volumes of information on the internet.

ChatGPT seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there’s good training data for it to learn from. It’s not omniscient (无所不知的) or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound very authoritative (权威的). A few days after its launch, more than a million people were trying out ChatGPT.

But be careful, OpenAI warns. ChatGPT has all kinds of potential disadvantages, some easy to spot and some more subtle (不明显的).“It’s a mistake to be depending on it for anything important right now,” OpenAI Chief Executive Sam Altman said. “We have lots of work to do on robustness (稳定性) and truthfulness.”

As OpenAI emphasizes, ChatGPT’s answers can look authoritative but be wrong. “If you ask it a very well-structured question, with the intent that it gives you the right answer, you’ll probably get the right answer,” said Mike Krause, data science director at a different AI company, Beyond Limits. “It’ll be explained clearly and sound like it came from some professor at Harvard. But if you trick it, you’ll get nonsense.”

There have already been many students who use ChatGPT to help them cheat with their homework and essays, but as with many other technology developments, it’s not a simple black-and-white situation. Decades ago, students could copy encyclopedia (百科全书) entries and use calculators, and more recently, they’ve been able to use search engines. ChatGPT offers new abilities for everything from helping with research to doing your homework for you outright.

Many ChatGPT answers already sound like student essays, though often with an unnatural tone. High school teacher Daniel Herman concluded ChatGPT already writes better than most students today. He’s uncertain between admiring ChatGPT’s potential usefulness and fearing its harm to human learning. Dustin York, an associate professor of communication at Maryville University, hopes educators will learn to use ChatGPT as a tool and realize it can help students think critically.

27. Why does the author think ChatGPT is a big deal?

A. Because it’s artificial intelligence that offers conversational responses.

B. Because it’s knowledgeable in areas with good training data to learn from.

C. Because it has all kinds of potential disadvantages, easy to spot or more subtle.

D. Because it helped students with their homework essays and wrote even better.

28. What did Mike Krause mean when he said the underlined words in paragraph 5?

A. ChatGPT was not able to form indirect answers naturally.

B. ChatGPT was not able to answer indirect questions correctly.

C. ChatGPT was not able to reply to indirect questions quickly.

D. ChatGPT was not able to explain indirect answers properly.

29. Why did the author mention encyclopedia, calculators, and search engines?

A. To show that ChatGPT is a tool that can be as helpful.

B. To show that ChatGPT is an invention that will be accepted.

C. To show that students should be allowed to use ChatGPT to write essays.

D. To show that students should be banned to use ChatGPT to write essays.

30. What does the author think of ChatGPT?

A. potential and knowledgeable    B. robust and truthful

C. imperfect yet promising     D. authoritative yet misleading

D

Whales are an important part of the ocean. They maintain the ocean ecosystem by providing important nutrients for phytoplankton (浮游植物), microscopic organism (微生物) in the ocean, to grow as food for fish and other animals. Phytoplankton also carry out photosynthesis (光合作用) to keep carbon dioxide level low in the atmosphere to keep the Earth cool. So, without whales, the oceans wouldn’t be healthy.

Currently, North Atlantic right whales are critically endangered. Scientists from University of South Carolina and Cornell University imagined that it is the warmer ocean waters that force whales to go to new places that don’t have rules, such as speed limits for ships, shorter fishing seasons, etc., to protect whales.

To see if climate changes can explain the loss of whales, scientists analyzed the water temperature near the Gulf of Maine, the feeding place of the whales. The temperature is affected by the position of Gulf Stream which brings warm water from the south.

They also looked at population data for the whales and their food, which is primarily small shrimps and crabs called copepods. They estimated how the whale population changed based on the number of whale sightings, whale birth and their bodies. Finally, they analyzed how the change in the water temperature related to the change in the whale population.

The result showed that since 2010, the Gulf Stream has been farther north than ever before, bringing warmer waters to the region. The population data shows a significant decrease in copepods population beginning in 2010. This means there has been less food available for the whales.

The best explanation is that global warming is causing the northward shift of the Gulf Stream, which is consistent with climate change, and making the waters near the Gulf of Maine warmer. However, copepods prefer cold water. Warmer water wakes them too early, they miss the nutritious spring phytoplankton bloom they need to grow. Besides, when the Gulf Stream is farther north, less copepods are brought into the Gulf of Maine.

With food levels too low, fewer whales are born, and fewer survive. To find enough food, some whales swim north to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Therefore, there were more whale sightings there. It also explains why there were more whale deaths in the area in 2017 and 2019. By looking at the carcasses, scientists know that ships hit the whales, or they got trapped in fishing gear. So, climate change both makes the whales’ food shorter and causes them to move to new places, making it harder to protect them.

Global warming doesn’t only change the weather; it changes the ocean. To protect ocean species and keep our oceans healthy, governments need to adjust how they manage the ocean.

31. Scientists in the study collected the following types of data EXCEPT the ______.

A. temperatures of waters     B. population of whales

C. population of copepods     D. population of phytoplankton

32. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the article?

A. Whales move to get enough copepods to eat. B. Copepods need phytoplankton to grow.

C. Phytoplankton cause global warming.  D. Global warming causes the shift of Gulf Stream.

33. What does the underlined word “carcass” in paragraph 7 mean?

A dead body   B. wounded body  C. trapped body  D. lost body

34. What should the governments do to save the whales according to the author?

A. Governments should control ocean traffics that kill the whales.

B. Governments should take means to slow down global warming.

C. Governments should ban fishing in the area where the whales live.

D. Governments should keep the warm water away from the Gulf of Maine.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Don’t Get Lost in the Term of Eco-tourism

Given that tourism produces harmful emissions, the term “green travel” can seem contradictory. Green travel will not solve the climate crisis, but knowing what to look for can allow you to make choices that do less harm and more good if you do choose to travel.    35  

Don’t get hung up on the terms.

The key to better understanding and identifying sustainable travel options is recognizing that it’s actually actions—not words—that matter. Definitions can vary from person to person.    36  

Ask questions.

Before you book a tour or hotel, prepare questions. For example: Do they support the local economy? Are they ensuring the preservation of the natural environment?    37    However, if you can’t find answers on the website, contact the property or tour operator directly.

   38  

You don’t have to plan a responsible travel and the ever-changing term alone. Contact organizations that provide training, accreditation and transparent standards. You can also join responsible travel communities on social media, where you can ask questions, share resources and learn alongside other travelers who share your values.

Start now.

You can’t do everything at once right away. Decide what you can do. Maybe it’s contributing to a conservation or community project.    39    Anyway, when you know better, do better.

A. Lean on and learn from others.

B. Find an operator who shares your personal values.

C. But it’s the truth behind the term that really matters.

D. Ask what the local government can provide you with.

E. Search for the answers such as data and policies on a company’s website.

F. Here are some expert tips on how to understand the vocabulary of green travel.

G. Maybe it’s immersing yourself in one destination rather than rushing around to see three.

第三部分  书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节  阅读表达（共4小题，共12分；第40、41小题，每小题2分；第42题，3分；第43题，5分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

The musician Moby once said, “Music has no form whatsoever—all it is air moving just a little bit differently. It’s the only art form that you can’t touch.” It is true that we cannot touch music, but that does not mean that music is an invisible art form. There is, in fact, a way to “see” music.

How can we see music? Neuroscientists, people study the human brain, use MRI machines (magnetic resonance imaging machines) to look inside the brain. These tools let them see what actually happens in the brain when people are doing things. For example, the tools let them-see the neurons (神经细胞), or brain cells that are in use when people are listening to music. Computer screens linked to MRIs show neurons lighting up when they are in use. And when people listen to music, neurons light up in many parts of the brain.

Neuroscientists have discovery to hear med that it isn’t necessary to hear music for the neurons to light up. Even when you just think about a song, these neurons light up. In addition, the same neural activity in the same part of the brain happens when people experience other pleasurable activities. For example, some of the same neurons light up when we eat something delicious or hug a loved one. This is because these neurons are in the areas of the brain that reward us by making us feel good. Negative feelings such as fear or anxiety make neurons in a different area light up. However, when an anxious or frightened person listens to pleasurable music, these neurons stop lighting up.

Now that neuroscientists can “see” the, effects of music on the brain, they want to know what the benefits of music are. It turns out there are many benefits. Neuroscientists have discovered that music can help memory and may keep our brain young. Recent studies show that an elderly musician often has a better visual memory than an elderly non-musician. For example, elderly musicians are better at memorizing a ·written list of words than their non-musician peers.

Why does music have so many benefits? The answer may be because it uses so many different parts of the brain. According to neuroscientists, using many parts of the brain at one time gives your brain a good “workout.” In fact, one of the best brain “works” is to read music and play a musical instrument at the same time. Reading music while playing an instrument is a challenging task. It uses more parts of the brain simultaneously than most. other activities and requires excellent coordination (协调性). It involves both physical movement and mental activity, much like playing a sport such as soccer.

So, although Moby is completely correct that we cannot touch music, it is possible to “see” the effect of music on our brains. There is still a lot to learn about the effects of music on our brains. However, there is no doubt that scientists have shown that music is an extremely powerful art form with many positive effects.

40. How do MRIs help people “see” music?

41. Why did the author mention the elderly musician in paragraph 4?

42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

Pleasurable activities and negative feelings activate neurons in the same part of the brain, but in a different way.

43. Now that you know the many benefits of music, how do you think, music may be able to help you solve your problems in your life? (in about 40 words)

第二节（共20分）

假如你是红星中学学生李华，你收到一封学弟小明给你写来的邮件，邀请你分享一下你的学习英语的方法和技巧。请你给小明回复一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1.感谢对方的提问；

2.分享自己学习英语的几个方法与技巧。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Xiaoming,

______________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

大兴区2022~2023学年度第二学期期中检测试卷

英语参考答案

第一部分  知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

1. A  2. D  3. B  4. C  5. A  6. B  7. C  8. A  9. C  10. D

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

11. response  12. unconsciously  13. streaming  14. increases  15. why/how

16. earlier  17. who    18. to pursue  19. which   20. had become

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

21. B  22. A  23. C  24. C  25. B

26. D  27. B  28. B  29. A  30. C

31. D  32. C  33. A  34. B

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

35. F  36. C  37. E  38. A  39. G

第三部分  书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

40. Computer screens linked to MRIs show neurons lighting up when they are in use. And when people listen to music, neurons light up in many parts of the brain.

41. To support the idea that music can help memory and keep our brain young.

42. Pleasurable activities and negative feelings activate neurons in the same part of the brain, but in a different way.

According to the article, negative feelings make neurons in different area light up.

43. 略。

第二节（20分）

范文：

Dear Xiaoming,

I appreciate that you asked the questions about learning English as they are very important to high school students.

I can share with you several tips that I think are very useful. First, we should take notes during the class. In each class, we learn a lot of words and expressions and we can’t remember them all at one time. Taking notes is therefore crucial to our revision. Second, it’s better that we read out our textbooks loudly. It helps us to remember the words and phrases more deeply. Finally, we should read more besides our textbook. It lets us come across more words so that we may recognize them next time we meet them.

Hope these tips may help you.

Yours,

Li Hua