精品解析：四川省芦山中学2022-2023学年高三下学期入学考试英语试题（解析版）

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四川省芦山中学2022-2023学年下期入学考试高三英语试题
第一部分：听力，(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C二”中选出最住选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒的的时回来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What does the woman dislike about the novel?
A. The beginning. B.The characters. C.The ending.
2 How long will it take the man to arrive in London?
A. About two hours. B. About three hours. C.About six hours.
3.How does the woman feel?
A.Surprised. B.Regretful. C.Relieved.
4.Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a garden. B.In a market. C.In a kitchen.
5 What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Come to his house at 8:00.
B. Attend a gathering.
C. Help him with a job.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出住选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6Where will the speakers put the vase?
A. Next to the fireplace. B.Next to the bookshelf. C.Next to the sofa.
7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife.
B. Shopper and saleswoman.
C. Customer and waitress.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A show of different artworks.
B.A comparison of different countries.
C.A plan for the International Festival.
9.What will the man be responsible for?
A. Designing a website. B. Cooking the meal. C.Doing the artwork.
听第8段材料，回普第10至12题。
10. What is the man going to do?
A. Attend a meeting. B.Meet his brother. C. Work on a new product.
11. Where is the woman going?
A. To Nairobi. B.To Paris. C.To Budapest.
12.What do we know about the man?
A. He works in Nairobi.
B. He knows Paris very well.
C.He has trouble with his work.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What course is the man going to take?
A. Japanese. B. Chinese. C.French.
14.How many hours will the man spend on the course in a week?
A.6. B.9. C.12.
15 .What level does the man prefer?
A. Beginners. B.Lower intermediate. C.Upper intermediate.
16. When will the man start his course?
A. In January. B. In August. C.In September.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.How long has the man worked in the hotel?
A.46 years. B.24 years. C.22 years.
18.Which word can best describe the man’s swimming class?
A. Creative. B.Popular. C.Exciting.
19. Why can’t many adults swim?
A.They fear water.
B.They’re afraid of making no progress.
C. They can’t follow the swimming technique.
20.What will the man do first to help his students swim?
A. Show the swimming technique to them.
B. Encourage them to jump into the pool bravely.
C.Teach them to breathe out in a bowl of water.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We offer a programme of lectures by members of the MCLL community and other lifelong learning organisations, as well as university faculty members who have been invited to share their research with us on a variety of topics. View Instructions on How to Register Online.
Lecture 1: Social Media and Misinformation
Time: Friday, June 9, 10:00 a.m.
Presenter: Richard Harris
Attendance: Online
A retired American IT professional, Richard Harris, will take us deep into a social media’s business model, its differences from traditional media, recent examples of its use for misinformation and possible solutions that respect freedom of expression. A lively round-table discussion not to be missed!
Lecture 2: Global Mental Health
Time: Friday, June 16, 1:00 p.m.
Presenter: Marc Laporta
Attendance: Online
Mental health was known to the public quite late. Many countries are finding ways to reduce its impact, but many factors get in the way. However, progress is visible, and hope is justified. Mare Laporta will discuss different aspects of mental health and exchange ideas about ways to improve the situation.
Lecture 3: The Silk Road
Time: Friday, June 23, 10:00 a.m.
Presenter: George Lapa
Attendance: Online
The Silk Road refers to a network of routes, covering over 6,400 km, used by traders from the Han Dynasty of China who opened trade in 130 BCE until 1453 CE. The exchange of information gave rise to new technologies and innovations that changed the Western world. Topics such as gunpowder, the compass (指南针), paper-making and printing will be presented.
Lecture 4: South to Textile Factories
Time: Friday, June 30, 10:00 a.m.
Presenter: Muriel Herrington
Attendance: In person
Between 1840 and 1930 a million French-Canadians left Canada to work in the United States. Many were employed in textile (纺织品) factories in the New England states. In these areas they set up communities where they maintained the French language and culture. In this lecture Muriel Herrington will describe their working and living conditions and show their impact.
1. What will the audience attending Lecture 1 do?
A. Build a social media’s business model.
B. Exchange ideas with each other.
C. Enjoy more respect and freedom.
D. Contact the presenter in advance.
2. Who will talk about the great inventions of ancient China?
A. Marc Laporta. B. Richard Harris. C. George Lapa. D. Muriel Herrington.
3. In which lecture will the audience have face time with the presenter?
A. The Silk Road.
B. South to Textile Factories.
C. Global Mental Health.
D. Social Media and Misinformation.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四场讲座，包括它们的话题、时间和参与方式等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lecture 1介绍中的“A lively round-table discussion not lo be missed!(不容错过一场热闹的圆桌讨论！)”可知，参加讲座一的听众可以自由讨论，互相交流想法。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lecture 3介绍中的“Topics such as gunpowder, the compass, paper-making and printing will be presented.(将介绍火药、指南针、造纸和印刷等主题)”可知，讲座三的主讲人乔治•拉帕(George Lapa)会谈论古代中国的伟大发明。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lecture 4介绍中的“Attendance: In person(出席：亲自出席)”可知，讲座四是线下面对面的参与方式。故选B。
B
Born in 1940 in Nyeri, Kenya, Wangari Maathai spent her childhood in the Kenyan countryside and her young adult life in the United States. She studied biology at Mount St. Scholastica College in Kansas, then obtained a master’s degree from the University of Pittsburgh. After returning to Kenya and pursuing her PhD at the University of Nairobi, Wangari became the first woman in East Africa to receive a doctor’s degree.
In the 1970s Wangari was an active member of the National Council of Women of Kenya. Women came to the council in part to search for solutions to the environmental problems—deforestation and desertification had caused many of the resources women relied on for food and clean water to decrease.
Fuelled by her knowledge of biology and her passion for helping others, Wangari decided to take action. Wangari had two goals in mind: to help restore environmental resources and give women the ability to support their families in a self-sufficient, sustainable way. To achieve her goals, she came up with a practical but impactful idea: to plant trees. The trees would reduce the effects of deforestation, in addition to providing food and firewood for local families. Wangari’s plan inspired the formation of the Green Belt Movement in 1977, an organisation dedicated to environmental conservation and poverty reduction in Kenya.
As the Green Belt Movement grew, Wangari began to focus on several different but interconnected causes: environmental conservation and human rights. In the late 1980s, she called on her community to oppose the construction of a skyscraper (摩天大楼) in Uhuru Park, Nairobi’s central public space. In 1999 she led a protest against the privatisation of Karura Forest in Nairobi, during which Green Belt Movement members were beaten by private guards. Despite facing ongoing opposition and even danger, Wangari’s belief in her work was never shaken.
Wangari served on the boards of countless environmental organisations, and spoke to members of the United Nations. Due to her tireless work Wangari received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004.
4. What do we know about Wangari Maathai?
A. She had a hard childhood in Kenya.
B. She acquired an excellent education.
C. She was the first woman to get a degree.
D. She came back to Kenya due to her colour.
5. What contributed to the foundation of the Green Belt Movement?
A. Wangar’s family’s support.
B. Wangari’s achievements in biology.
C. Wangari’s tree-planting idea.
D. Wangari’s desire to fight world poverty.
6. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Wangari’s efforts to expand her influence.
B. Wangari’s ways to fight for human rights.
C. Wangar’s strategies to establish a reputation.
D. Wangari’s plans to handle growing opposition.
7. Which of the following best describes Wangari Maathai?
A. Honest and hard-working. B. Patient and unselfish.
C. Considerate and generous. D. Determined and inspiring.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了肯尼亚的社会活动家、“绿带运动”的发起人旺加里·马塔伊(Wangari Maathai)的人生经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She studied biology at Mount St. Scholastica College in Kansas, then obtained a masters degree from the University of Pittsburgh. After returning to Kenya and pursuing her PhD at the University of Nairobi, Wangari became the first woman in East Africa to receive a doctors degree.（她在堪萨斯州圣斯考拉斯蒂卡山学院学习生物学，然后在匹兹堡大学获得硕士学位。回到肯尼亚并在内罗毕大学攻读博士学位后，旺加里成为东非第一位获得博士学位的女性。）”可知，旺加里·马塔伊有着良好的教育背景。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Wangari’s plan inspired the formation of the Green Belt Movement in 1977和To achieve her goals, she came up with a practical but impactful idea: to plant trees.（旺加里的计划激发了1977年绿带运动的形成。为了实现她的目标，她提出了一个实用但有影响力的想法：种树。）”可如，是旺加里种树的想法促成了“绿带运动”的创立。故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段的首句“As the Green Bell Movement grew, Wongari began to focus on several different but interconnected causes; environmental conservation and human rights.（随着绿钟运动的发展，Wongari开始关注几个不同但相互关联的原因；环境保护和人权。）”并综合全段信息可知，第四段主要是讲旺加里为了扩大自己的影响力而做出的努力。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite facing ongoing opposition and even danger, Wangari’s belief in her work was never shaken.（尽管面临不断的反对甚至危险，旺加里对自己工作的信念从未动摇。）”可知，旺加里是个意志坚定的人；综合她的各种人生经历可知，她还是个能鼓舞人心的人。故选D。
C
Johnny Georges from Arcadia, Florida, had a dream. He wanted to build the business he started with his father to help farmers lower the costs associated with tree irrigation.
Like so many brilliant innovation their big idea was born out of their need to find a better way to complete a task more easily. Georges got tired of packing the dirt around the young trees and removing it the next day to protect the weak root systems of their trees and decided to try something different. Together, he and his father came up with a product called the Tree T-Pee, which uses just 800 gallons of water per tree per year, instead of the typical 25,000 and does a better job. The irrigated water is contained around each tree, and irrigation takes less than an hour, instead of 10 to 12 hours.
At first, the farmers didn’t think much of their idea and stuck to the conventional ways but Georges kept at changing one farmer at a time, believing they would eventually approve the product. Georges got an opportunity to be on the Shark Tank, where he asked for $ 150,000 in exchange for 20 percent of his company.
Georges explained to the judges that his product, which could save farmers 3,000% of their water usage, costs $ 2.95 each to make. They were astonished to learn that he was only charging $4.50 each. Investor Kevin O’Leary expressed his desire for a larger profit and the need for a higher sale price — up to $ 12 per unit to attract more distributors (经销商). But Georges said his customers were farmers and he stood firm in his belief to put his customers first. Thinking Georges was new to the field, Kevin stepped out.
John Paul DeJoria, another investor, was clearly touched and stepped in. “What you’re doing is right, and you deserve a chance to make it big. I’d like to be your partner, Johnny.” said DeJoria.
8 What was Georges and his father’s original intention of inventing the Tree T-Pee?
A. To conserve water, B. To plant more trees.
C. To make their work easier. D. To save irrigation time.
9. What was the farmers’ initial attitude to the invention?
A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Tolerant. D. Unclear.
10. Why did Kevin O’Leary refuse Georges?
A Georges lacked business experience. B. Georges’ invention was of little use.
C. Georges asked for too much investment. D. Georges demanded very high profits.
11. What can we learn from Georges’ story?
A. Traditional skills still have a place today. B. It pays off to stay true to your values.
C. Curious minds never feel content. D. The simplest way is the best way.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。乔治和父亲创新浇灌方法，帮助农民降低成本，并因为坚持自己的初心，获得了投资的故事。同时也告诉读者，坚持自己的价值观是有回报的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Like so many brilliant innovation their big idea was born out of their need to find a better way to complete a task more easily. Georges got tired of packing the dirt around the young trees and removing it the next day to protect the weak root systems of their trees and decided to try something different.(像许多杰出的创新一样，他们的伟大创意源于他们需要找到一种更容易完成任务的更好方法。乔治一家厌倦了把泥土堆在小树周围，第二天再把它移走，以保护树木脆弱的根系，于是决定尝试一些不同的方法)”可知，乔治和父亲发明该方法最初的目的是为了让他们的工作更容易。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“At first, the farmers didn’t think much of their idea and stuck to the conventional ways bur Georges kept at changing one farmer at a time, believing they would eventually approve the product.(一开始，农民们对他们的想法不以为然，坚持传统的方法，但乔治坚持一次改变一个农民，相信他们最终会同意使用这个产品)”可知，一开始农民们对这项发明表示怀疑，所以才不肯使用。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Thinking Georges was new to the field, Kevin stepped out.(凯文以为乔治是新手，决定不投资)”可知， O’Leary拒绝乔治是因为他认为乔治是新手，缺乏商业经验，无法谋取更高的利益。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“But Georges said his customers were farmers and he stood firm in his belief to put his customers first. Thinking Georges was new to the field, Kevin stepped out.(但乔治说，他的客户是农民，他坚信把客户放在第一位。凯文以为乔治是新手，决定不投资)”和最后一段““What you’re doing is right, and you deserve a chance to make it big. I’d like to be your partner, Johnny. ” said DeJoria.(“你所做的是对的，你应该得到一个成功的机会。我想做你的搭档，约翰。”尼德乔里亚说)”可知，虽然乔治被第一位投资者拒绝，但因为坚持初心，还是迎来了第二个投资者。由此可以推出，坚持自己的价值观是有回报的。故选B项。
D
In his new book The Journeys of Trees, science writer Zach St. George explores an extremely slow migration(迁 徙), as forests move inch by inch to more hospitable places. As old trees die and new ones grow up, the forest is—ever so slightly—moving, he writes. “Through the fossils(化石) that ancient forests left behind, scientists can track their movement. They move back and forth across continents, like migrating birds or whales.”
This has happened over thousands of years, and climate change tends to be the driving force—pushing and pulling forests around the globe. Of course, today, climate change is speeding up, and trees can’t keep pace. Take Califomnia: It’s getting hotter and drier and scientists estimate that before too long, Joshua Tree National Park may not be able to sustain Joshua trees. Zach St. George describes a similar threat to Sequoia National Park, during California’s long and severe drought a few years back.
Scientists worried that maybe Sequoia National Park would no longer be the place for giant sequoias. St. George thinks at some point we will lose these ancient trees and we will have to think about what we do with the places, and do we plant new ones somewhere else? This is known as “assisted migration”—humans planting trees in other places where they’re more likely to grow well. But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places, where they may wipe out entire native populations. So, St. George writes, there’s a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape?
“I think there are going to be instances where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they’ll be more suitable in the future,” St. George says. “And I met a lot of people in the process who have felt sorry about what has been lost and what will be lost—and are still continuing to try and do good and work in the moment for small things.”
12. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Animals. B. Fossils. C. Scientists. D. Forests.
13. Why is Sequoia National Park mentioned?
A. To confirm the problem of the loss of tree species is serious.
B. To argue humans should be responsible for the loss of trees.
C. To explain climate change results in the migration of forests.
D. To prove forests can slow down the process of climate change.
14. What can be inferred about assisted migration?
A. It can prevent the trees escaping.
B. It can promote biological diversity.
C. It may help to protect the forests.
D. It may affect species in new places.
15. What is St. George’s attitude to assisted migration?
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Ambiguous. D. Intolerant.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在科学作家扎克·圣乔治的新书《树的旅程》中，他描述到森林正在一寸一寸地向更适宜居住的地方迁移。文章分析了其原因和和科学家对此现象的担忧。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“As old trees die and new ones grow up, the forest is—ever so slightly—moving, he writes. “Through the fossils(化石) that ancient forests left behind, scientists can track their movement.(他写道，随着老树的死亡和新树的成长，森林正在——哪怕只是轻微地——移动。“通过远古森林留下的化石，科学家可以追踪它们的移动。)”和划线单词所在句子“They move back and forth across continents, like migrating birds or whales(它们在大陆上来回移动，就像候鸟或鲸鱼)”可知，森林正在移动，科学家通过远古森林留下的化石可以追踪森林的移动，由此可知，“they(它们)”代指上文提到的森林，故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“This has happened over thousands of years, and climate change tends to be the driving force—pushing and pulling forests around the globe...Zach St. George describes a similar threat to Sequoia National Park, during California’s long and severe drought a few years back.(这种情况已经发生了几千年，而气候变化往往是驱动力——推动和拉动全球各地的森林……扎克·圣乔治描述了几年前加利福尼亚长期严重干旱期间对美洲杉国家公园的类似威胁。)”可推知，文章提到美洲杉国家公园是为了解释气候变化导致森林迁移。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“This is known as “assisted migration”—humans planting trees in other places where they’re more likely to grow well. But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places, where they may wipe out entire native populations.(这就是所谓的“协助迁徙”——人类在其他地方种植树木，因为那里的树木更容易生长良好。但这个过程也有风险——人们可能会不小心将昆虫和疾病带到新的地方，在那里它们可能会消灭整个当地人口。)”可推知，协助迁移可能会影响到新地方的物种。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“So, St. George writes, there’s a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape?(因此，St. George写道，今天在自然资源保护者和林业工作者之间有一个争论: 人类应该帮助树木逃生吗？)”和最后一段中““I think there are going to be instances where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they’ll be more suitable in the future,” St. George says. “And I met a lot of people in the process who have felt sorry about what has been lost and what will be lost—and are still continuing to try and do good and work in the moment for small things.” (“我认为将会出现这样的情况：人们可能会介入，帮助物种迁移到未来更适合它们生存的地方，”圣乔治说。“在这个过程中，我遇到了很多人，他们对已经失去的和将要失去的树木感到遗憾，并且仍然在继续努力做好事，在当下为小事而努力。”)”可推知，St. George对协助迁移是支持的，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Successful individuals do things just a little differently than the average people. ____16____ Here are four key habits that athletes have to create success.
· They get real.
Don’t let the professional athletes fool you. Achieving racing success is not easy, even though there are some people out there who always seem to make it look so. ____17____ They set realistic goals with each event. They equip themselves with effort, patience, and persistence(坚持) because they know the journey can sometimes be long and difficult.
· They have grit (勇气).
Anyone who wants to take charge of their own future must have grit. It takes courage and thick skin to become a successful athlete. Fear of failure can be very unpleasant. There will always be naysayers (爱唱反调的人). ____18____
· They believe in being their best, rather than being the best.
Successful athletes know that there is always room for improvement. It’s like squeezing (挤) the last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Just when you think it’s empty, you squeeze out just a little more. ____19____ Sometimes it involves a different technique, strategy, or even a different coach. It also may involve learning a new skill altogether.
·____20____
Successful athletes surround themselves with positive energy and other successful people. There is a quote that says, “Surround yourself with people who support your dreams.” In order to create success, you should find those people and groups that support your goals.
A. They hang out with good apples.
B. The same goes for athletes as well.
C. They put themselves in others’ shoes.
D. Successful athletes know this and plan accordingly.
E. Success, therefore, is built on small sustainable changes.
F. In order to do this, you must first believe in your ability to do so.
G. However, you must commit to your goals and hold firm in the face of difficulties.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了成功的运动员拥有的四种关键习惯。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Successful individuals do things just a little differently than the average people.(成功人士做事情方式与普通人稍有不同)”和下文“Here are four key habits that athletes have to create success.(以下是运动员创造成功的四个关键习惯)”可知，空前一句提到成功人士的做事方式与普通人稍有不同，空后一句提到成功的运动员拥有四种关键习惯。由此推知，空处应说明运动员也是一样（做事方式与普通人稍有不同）。B项“The same goes for athletes as well.(运动员也是如此)”符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据段落主旨句“They get real.”可知，成功的运动员是现实的。上文“Achieving racing success is not easy, even though there are some people out there who always seem to make it look so. (取得比赛的成功并不容易，尽管有些人似乎总是让比赛看起来如此)”和下文“They set realistic goals with each event. They equip themselves with effort, patience, and persistence(坚持) because they know the journey can sometimes be long and difficult.(他们为每一次比赛设定了现实的目标。他们用努力、耐心和毅力来装备自己，因为他们知道这段旅程有时会漫长而艰难)”可知，空前一句提到赢得比赛不是容易的，空后提到他们会设定现实的目标，并付出相应的努力、耐心和坚持。由此可知，空处应说明成功的运动员知道这一点并会做好相应的规划。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“There will always be naysayers.(总有爱唱反调的人)”可知，总有那些让你不努力的人。结合本段主旨“They have grit(他们有勇气)”可知，成功的运动员拥有勇气。由此推知，空处应说明你必须坚持自己的目标，在困难面前坚定不移。G项“However, you must commit to your goals and hold firm in the face of difficulties.(然而，你必须致力于你的目标，并在困难面前保持坚定)”故选G。
【19题详解】
根据主旨句“They believe in being their best, rather than being the best.(运动员相信要做到最好，而不是成为最好)”并结合上文“Successful athletes know that there is always room for improvement. It’s like squeezing (挤) the last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Just when you think it’s empty, you squeeze out just a little more. (成功的运动员知道总有进步的空间。这就像从牙膏管里挤出最后一点牙膏。就在你认为它是空的时候，你会挤出更多)”可知，做到最好并不容易。由此推知，为了做到这一点，你必须首先相信自己有能力做到。F项“In order to do this, you must first believe in your ability to do so.(为了做到这一点，你必须首先相信自己的能力)”符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Successful athletes surround themselves with positive energy and other successful people. There is a quote that says, “Surround yourself with people who support your dreams.” In order to create success, you should find those people and groups that support your goals.(成功的运动员身边充满了正能量和其他成功人士。有句名言是这样说的：“身边都是支持你梦想的人。”为了创造成功，你应该找到那些支持你目标的人和团体)”可知，成功的运动员周围都是正能量和其他成功人士。A项“They hang out with good apples.(他们和优秀的人在一起)”符合本段主旨。故选A。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后个体所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I checked my equipment one final time. It was my first ____21____ to climb the highest volcano in the world, Ojos del Salado, in South America.
I’d ____22____ to climb with a local guide. I left camp just after midnight. “You go first and I’ll be behind you,” he said. As the hours passed and the terrain (地形) became more dangerous, I wondered if I’d made a huge ____23____. Looking into the____24____ behind me, I listened out for the sound of my guide’s steps but I was all ____25____. Finding my way by ____26____, I knew the icy conditions were merciless. Breathing heavily, I realised I’d run out of ____27____ soon.
Back home, 11,000 km away in Melbourne, my dad was following my ____28____ with my GPS tracker. ____29____, now alone on the side of a volcano, all I could do was to _____30_____ my energy as I climbed higher and higher.
Reaching the top was the ultimate goal, but really it was only half the _____31_____. As my breathing became more laboured, _____32_____ set in. Had I gone too far this time? I knew all too well how frightening it was to be _____33_____ , for I’d suffered from chronic asthma (慢性哮喘) as a child.
Pushing on, I _____34_____ made it to the top, where I _____35_____ the breathtaking views. But I only spent a few minutes taking photos before I went down the mountain. I was _____36_____ to see my guide on the way down and it turned out that he had _____37_____ a climber in danger and had to _____38_____ our exploration to save him.
Through blood, _____39_____ and frozen tears, the last 10 years had taken me all over the globe. And with every high and painful low, I learnt more about myself. I’d pushed my _____40_____, both in body and mind.
21. A. job B. award C. promise D. attempt
22. A. decided B. declined C. failed D. struggled
23. A. difference B. backpack C. mistake D. darkness
24. A. volcano B. excuse C. mistake D. change
25. A. alone B. safe C. right D. fortunate
26. A. feel B. chance C. force D. request
27. A. patience B. time C. energy D. supply
28. A. guideline B. progress C. lead D. plan
29. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise
30. A. invest B. display C. release D. conserve
31. A. ambition B. curiosity C. challenge D. relief
32. A. fear B. satisfaction C. luck D. intention
33. A. out of sight B. out of breath C. behind the scenes D. behind the wheel
34. A. secretly B. cautiously C. temporarily D. eventually
35. A. reflected on B. took in C. missed out D. drew up
36. A. annoyed B. embarrassed C. amused D. surprised
37. A. encountered B. convinced C. reminded D. discouraged
38. A. examine B. weigh C. abandon D. conducted
39. A. prejudice B. sweat C. duty D. sympathy
40. A. passions B. dimensions C. limits D. sufferings
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次尝试攀登世界上最高的火山时发生的故事，同时也讲了自己近十年来是如何不断突破自己的极限的。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次尝试攀登世界上最高的火山，南美洲的奥霍斯德尔萨拉多火山。A. job工作；B. award奖励；C. promise许诺；D. attempt尝试。结合上文“I checked my equipment one final time.”可知，作者在为爬山做准备，所以对于这次爬山是一次尝试。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定和当地导游一起登山。A. decided决定；B. declined拒绝；C. failed失败；D. struggled挣扎。结合后文“I left camp just after midnight. ”可知，作者决定导游一起爬的山。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，地形变得越来越危险，我怀疑自己是否犯了一个巨大的错误。A. difference不同；B. backpack背包；C. mistake错误；D. darkness黑暗。根据“the terrain (地形) became more dangerous”可知，地形越来越危险，作者怀疑自己的决定可能是个错误。固定短语make a mistake意为“犯错”，符合句意。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着身后的变化，我留心听着向导的脚步声，但我却是只身一人。A. volcano火山；B. excuse借口；C. mistake错误；D. change变化。结合前文“As the hours passed and the terrain became more dangerous,”可知，在山里，地形地貌不断地在变化着。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着身后的变化，我留心听着向导的脚步声，但我却是只身一人。A. alone一个人的；B. safe安全的；C. right对的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据后文“____9____ , now alone on the side of a volcano, all I could do was to ____10____ my energy as I climbed higher and higher.”可知，作者一个人在山里落单了，其中alone为原词复现。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭感觉找路，我知道冰天雪地是无情的。A. feel感觉；B. chance机会；C. force力量；D. request要求。结合上文可知，作者是第一次攀登该火山，对地形并不熟悉，而且爬山是半夜，所以应该是凭感觉找路。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喘着粗气，意识到我很快就没力气了。A. patience耐心；B. time时间；C. energy精力、力气；D. supply供给。根据上文“Breathing heavily”可知，作者喘着粗气，是爬不动了，所以是没有力气。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一万一千公里外的墨尔本，我爸爸在家中用我的GPS追踪我的进度。A. guideline指南；B. progress进度；C. lead领导；D. plan计划。结合常识，GPS可以用来定位和跟踪某个人所在的位置，而作者在爬山时，作者的父亲可以通过GPS看到作者到哪儿了，所以是可以跟踪作者的进度。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，现在独自一人在火山的一边，我所能做的就是储存我的能量，因为我爬得越来越高。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Besides此外；D. Otherwise否则。前文说到作者的父亲在家追踪进度，后文说作者只能一边慢慢爬，上下文是转折关系，故需要用however连接。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，现在独自一人在火山的一边，我所能做的就是保存我的能量，因为我爬得越来越高。A. invest投资；B. display展示；C. release释放；D. conserve保存。结合前文“Breathing heavily, I realised I’d run out of ____7____ soon.”和后文“I’d suffered from chronic asthma as a child.”可知，作者现在已经筋疲力尽，并且身体还不好，所以在现在这个危险的山腰上需要保存能量。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达山顶是最终目标，但实际上这只是挑战的一半。A. ambition志气；B. curiosity好奇心；C. challenge挑战；D. relief解脱。结合文意，此次爬山是作者的首次尝试，且作者现在处境较为危险，所以对作者来说是一种挑战。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的呼吸变得更加困难时，恐惧开始袭来。A. fear害怕，恐惧；B. satisfaction满意；C. luck好运；D. intention意图。结合后文“Had I gone too far this time? I knew all too well how frightening it was to be ____13____ , for I’d suffered from chronic asthma as a child.”可知，作者呼吸更加困难后，害怕会丧身于山上。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：我非常清楚上气不接下气是多么可怕，因为我小时候就患有慢性哮喘。A. out of sight看不见；B. out of breath喘气；C. behind the scenes幕后；D. behind the wheel开车。结合后文可知，作者小时候有哮喘，所以空处应填和“呼吸”相关短语。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：继续前进，我终于登上了山顶，在那里我看到了令人叹为观止的景色。A. secretly秘密地；B. cautiously小心翼翼地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. eventually最终。结合上文“Reaching the top was the ultimate goal, but really it was only half the challenge.”可知，作者终于从山腰爬上了山顶。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：继续前进，我终于登上了山顶，在那里我看到了令人叹为观止的景色。A. reflected on考虑、回想；B. took in欣赏、看清；C. missed out错过；D. drew up草拟。结合常识，登上山顶能欣赏美丽的风景。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在下山的路上惊讶地看到了我的向导，原来他遇到了一个有危险的登山者，不得不放弃我们的探险去救他。A. annoyed烦闷的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. amused好笑的；D. surprised惊讶的。结合上文可知，作者爬山到一半发现导游不见了，登顶后居然看到了向导，所以是感到惊讶。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在下山的路上惊讶地看到了我的向导，原来他遇到了一个有危险的登山者，不得不放弃我们的探险去救他。A. encountered偶遇；B. convinced说服；C. reminded使想起；D. discouraged使气馁。结合下文“and had to abandon our exploration to save him.”可知，向导是遇到了陷入危险境地的其他登山者。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在下山的路上惊讶地看到了我的向导，原来他遇到了一个有危险的登山者，不得不放弃我们的探险去救他。A. examine检查；B. weigh权衡；C. abandon放弃；D. conducted实施。结合前文，作者登山途中与向导走散，所以是向导放弃了跟着作者一起登山，而跑去救人。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的十年里，血液、汗水和冰冻的泪水带我走遍了世界。A. prejudice偏见；B. sweat汗水；C. duty义务；D. sympathy同情心。结合“had taken me all over the globe”可知，作者是在暗喻自己爬山和旅游，而爬山旅途很艰辛，可能会流血、流汗和流泪。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在身体和精神上都突破了自己的极限。A. passions热情；B. dimensions维度；C. limits极限；D. sufferings痛苦。结合上文讲述作者竭尽全力登上山顶可知，他挑战了自己的极限。固定短语push limits意为“挑战极限；突破极限”，符合文意。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a Long March 3B carrier rocket on Thursday afternoon to transport an experimental satellite into space, ____41____(complete) the busiest year 2022 for the country’s space industry in terms of launches.
China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp, the nation’s leading space contractor, said in ____42____ press conference that the rocket blasted off at 12:43 p.m. from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in southwestern China’s Sichuan Province and later deployed the Shiyan 10-02 experimental satellite into its orbit.
The satellite ____43____(task) with demonstrating new technologies ____44____ would be used for monitoring the environment in space and other purposes.
China launched its first carrier rocket in April 1970 ____45____(deploy) its first satellite, Dongfanghong 1, into space. With the success of that mission, China became the ____46____(five) country in the world capable ____47____ building and launching its own carrier rocket to Earth’s orbit. Since then, the country ____48____(develop) and launched nearly 30 types of carrier rockets, most of which are part of the Long March series.
____49____(current), there are 22 models of the carrier rockets in ____50____(serve) in China, 16 of which are in the Long March family.
【答案】41. completing
42. a 43. was tasked
44. which##that
45. to deploy
46. fifth 47. of
48. has developed
49. Currently
50. service
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了我国长征系列运载火箭的发展历程。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：周四下午，中国发射了长征3B运载火箭，将一颗试验卫星送入太空，完成了中国航天工业发射方面最繁忙的2022年。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词launched，空前无连词，空处应用非谓语动词形式；主语China与complete之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填completing。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国航天科技集团，国家领先的航天承包商，在新闻发布会上说，火箭于下午12:43从中国西南部四川省的西昌卫星发射中心发射升空，随后将十堰10-02实验卫星部署进入其轨道。根据语境可知，此处表泛指；press的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。in a press conference意为“在一场新闻发布会上”。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：该卫星的任务是展示将用于监测空间环境和其他目的的新技术。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句的谓语；根据语境可知，应用一般过去时；the satellite与task之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was tasked。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该卫星的任务是展示将用于监测空间环境和其他目的的新技术。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词new technologies，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which/that。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1970年4月，中国发射了第一枚运载火箭，将第一颗卫星东方红1号送入太空。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to deploy。
【46题详解】
考查序数词。句意：随着这次任务成功，中国成为世界上第五个有能力建造和发射自己的运载火箭到地球轨道的国家。此处表示“第五个”，应用序数词。故填fifth。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着这次任务的成功，中国成为世界上第五个有能力建造和发射自己的运载火箭到地球轨道的国家。be capable of...为固定搭配，意为“能够……”。此处形容词短语capable of...作后置定语修饰country。故填of。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，我国已经研制并发射了近30种运载火箭，其中大部分是长征系列的一部分。分析句子结构可知，空处与launched并列作主句的谓语；根据时间状语since then可知，应用现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填has developed。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：目前，中国现有运载火箭22种型号，其中长征系列16种。空处在句中作时间状语，应用副词，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Currently。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：目前，中国现有运载火箭22种型号，其中长征系列16种。空处作介词in的宾语，应用名词。in service为固定搭配，意为“在使用中”。故填service。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言情误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;.
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I was about 6 when my father took me to school the first time. I remember all the children were lined up. After wait for a while, a teacher called my name and sent him to the classroom. I felt nervously as all the children were unknown to me. But later, I saw a little boy who were my neighbor.His family moved in only six months ago. Then,we talked and sat on a same bench. We become good friends soon. We were used to play in the rain and make paper boats. My childhood was really amazing or full of happiness.It is one of the best moment of my life, which I’ll remember forever.
【答案】1.school后加for
2.wait→waiting
3.him→me
4.nervously→nervous
5.were→was
6.a→the
7.become→became
8.去掉were
9.or→and
10.moment→moments
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者第一天上学的所见所闻所感。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：我父亲第一次带我去学校时，我大约6岁。“第一次”的习惯搭配是for the first time。故加上for。
2.考查动名词。句意：等了一会儿，一位老师叫了我的名字，把我送到了教室。after 是介词，介词之后要用名词或动名词。故把wait改为waiting。
3.考查人称代词。句意：等了一会儿，一位老师叫了我的名字，把我送到了教室。根据句意是老师把我送到教室。而不是老师把他送到教室。人称代词指代错误。故把him改为me。
4.考查形容词。句意：我感到很紧张，因为我不认识所有的孩子。felt是联系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。故把副词nervously改为nervous。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：但后来，我看到了一个小男孩，他是我的邻居。根据句子结构可知，who引导的是定语从句，代替先行词a little boy在定语从句中做主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数。故把were改为was。
6.考查冠词。句意：然后，我们聊了聊，坐在同一张长椅上。same是“相同，同一”的意思，经常和定冠词the搭配。故把a改为the。
7.考查时态。句意：我们很快就成为好朋友。整篇文章都是在介绍6岁第一次上学的情景，要用一般过去时。故把become改为became。
8.考查固定搭配。句意：我们过去常常在雨中玩耍和制作纸船。本句话是说明他们成为好朋友之后一起玩耍的活动，要用used to do“过去常常”来表示。而be used to do的意思是“被用作”不符合句意，故去掉were。
9.考查连词。句意：我的童年真的很神奇，并且充满了幸福。分析句子结构可知amazing和full of happiness是并列结构作表语。而不是选择关系。故把or改为and。
10.考查名词。句意：这是我一生中最美好的时刻之一，我将永远铭记。one of后面跟的是复数名词，故把moment改为moments。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你在加拿大的好友Tom所在的学校将举办中国文化日活动(Chinese Culture Day)，活动项目有书法、剪纸和京剧，Tom不知道选择参加哪个项目，写邮件询问你的建议，请给他回一封英文邮件。内容包括：
1.建议Tom参加的活动项目及推荐理由；
2.对该活动项目的介绍；
3.参加该活动项目的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I am writing to give you my recommendation on your activity on Chinese Culture Day.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I am writing to give you my recommendation on your activity on Chinese Culture Day. Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture and want to experience it, paper-cutting might be a good choice for you. In my view, paper-cutting is truly an activity worth participating in. Firstly, paper-cutting is one of the most popular Chinese traditions. The exquisite paper-cutting works symbolise good fortune and prosperity in Chinese culture, and are often posted on walls, windows, doors and so on. Secondly, paper-cutting is easier to learn and you only need a piece of paper, a pair of scissors and your imagination. Cutting paper into beautiful patterns will be a lot of fun.
I hope you can have a deeper understanding of the precious Chinese cultural heritage and have a good time as well.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给好友Tom回信建议汤姆参加中国文化日活动中的书法、剪纸和京剧中的哪一个，陈述理由，并对推荐的活动进行介绍。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→have interest in
参加：participate in→take part in
张贴：post→put up
精美的：exquisite→delicate
2. 句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my view, paper-cutting is truly an activity worth participating in.
拓展句：In my view, paper-cutting is truly an activity which is worth participating in.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture and want to experience it, paper-cutting might be a good choice for you.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]I hope you can have a deeper understanding of the precious Chinese cultural heritage and have a good time as well.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-20CBCAB,BACAA,BCABB,CCBAC