2023届山东省实验中学高三5月第一次模拟考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2023届山东省实验中学高三5月第一次模拟考试英语试题含解析，共34页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 山东省实验中学2023届高三第一次模拟考试
英语试题
(本试卷共10页，共三部分;全卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.非选择题的作答：用0.5mm 黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The most innovative libraries around the world
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the shelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Beach Library (Albena, Bulgaria)
Reading a book on the beach is a classic, and in Bulgaria, one library encourages tourist to do just that. The white, weather resistant shelves lined up not far from the surf feature 6,000 books in 15 languages so every visitor can find the perfect read to enjoy while bathed in the sunshine.
The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya)
To fight low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a movable library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region. Currently the service focuses on children, but with more funding they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the titles they carry.
Seikei University Library (Tokyo, Japan)
Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation. The library was designed with space-age, free-standing sound proofed pods (吊舱) to respect those who need uninterrupted study, while also being beneficial to other methods of learning; they serve as perfect spots for study groups and lively discussions.
Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)
A surprising combination of cutting-edge and sustainable, this building, featuring a green roof, was made from recycled and designed to imitate the look of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robots to bring requested books to the front desk.
1. Who is more likely to visit the Camel Library?
A. The government officials. B. Kids in the desert of Kenya
C. The local villagers in the region. D. Fundraisers of this service.
2. What makes Seikei University Library different from other libraries?
A. Its quiet reading atmosphere. B. Its unique design of space-age.
C. Its freedom of lively discussions. D. Its weather resistant shelves.
3. Which library is a good example of going green?
A Beach Library. B. The Camel Library Service
C. Seikei University Library. D. Macquarie University Library
B
Timothy was exhausted for he worked extended hours. Although earning a low wage and handling ill-mannered customers, he always put serving those who sat are his tables well on the front burner of his mind He went about his daily duties carefully, putting on a smiling face as customers complained about the food or questioned the bill.
Usually as night deepen preparing to close the business, he would notice a couple of customers walk in, sit down and order drinks. Most of the crew had left by closing time, but Timothy stayed to serve. Eventually, the last round was ordered and be gave them the bill. The minimum tip was suggested on the receipt. “Tomorrow will be better,” he murmured.
But luck wouldn’t always smile on him. Evening approaching, a group of teenagers stepped in. Thankfully, they were polite and respectful. Their cheerful behavior began to affect him. As always, he did his best to make their dining experience a pleasant one.
Time dragged on and they finished their drinks. He placed the bill on the table, accompanied with some candies. The group placed their notes on the receipt and left smiling. When he returned to clear the table, he was astonished. A tip of $3 was sitting there, staring at him, but their total bill amounted to $100. He’d gone above and beyond to serve them. How could they be so rude?
Later that week, he battled to brush off the awkward memories. He arrived at work and expected it to be like any other day, but there was something left on the desk for him, a two-page handwritten letter from the teenagers with $18 attached, in which they explained they were unaware of how to tip appropriately due to it being their first time in this bar. Everything suddenly made sense.
Timothy thumbed up what they did with a big grin and he was so moved by their gesture that he uploaded a picture of the letter sharing their admirable efforts. The reaction was more than positive.
4. What did Timothy focus on in his job?
A. Getting more tips. B. Working longer hours
C. Providing better service. D. Being a nicer colleague.
5. What made the teenagers leave a tip of $3?
A. Dissatisfaction with the drinks. B. Ignorance of the tipping culture.
C. Gratefulness to Timothy. D. Misunderstanding of the bill.
6. Which of the following best describes Timothy?
A. Patient and humorous. B. Positive and devoted.
C. Generous and tolerant. D. Ambitious and creative.
7. What can we learn from the teenagers?
A. One good turn deserves another. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Apologies make for harmony. D. It’s good to make things right.
C
We all know eating ultra-processed foods that make our lives easier — such as sauces, and frozen pizza — isn’t good for our health. Studies have found they can raise our risk of obesity, heart problems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives. Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions.
“While in need of further study, the new results are quite compelling and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases,“ said Tanzi, professor at Harvard Medical School. He was not involved in the study but he said in his book, “They, are, very high in sugar, salt and fat, promoting systemic inflammation, perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging. Meanwhile, since they are convenient and quick, they also replace fiber foods important for maintaining the health and balance of bacteria in your gut,” he added, “which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age-related brain diseases like Alzheimer’
The study, presented at the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, followed over 10,000 Brazilians for 10 years. “In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s and Burger King. It is not very different from many other Western countries,” said coauthor Dr. Suemoto. Ultra-processed foods are defined as ”industrial formulations of food substances containing little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives“ according to the study.
“People consuming over 20% of daily calories from processed foods had a 28% faster decline in global cognition and a 25% faster decline in executive functioning compared to people who not,” said study coauthor Natalia. Those in the study who ate the most ultra-processed foods ware “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked,” the study found.
“People need to know they should cook more,” Suemoto said. “And it’s worth it because you’re going to protect your heart and guard your brain,” she added.
8. What does the underlined word “compelling” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Convincing. B. Surprising. C. Suspicious. D. Invaluable.
9. What do we know from the passage?
A. Whoever never cooks is sure to develop Alzheimer.
B. Ultra-processed foods only affect your executive function.
C. Tanzi is the first to find the problem with Ultra-processed foods.
D. Brazilians’calorie intake is not different from most westerners.
10. Who is likely to eat more ultra-processed foods?
A. An old beggar. B. A heavy smoker. C. A young professor. D. A low-income man.
11. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. Ultra-processed foods can harm your health.
B Fiber foods can reduce the risk of Alzheimer.
C. Fiber foods may maintain the balance of bacteria.
D. Ultra-processed foods will lead to cognitive decline.
D
What defines us? If pressed, I would answer that if there is any part of me that sits at my core, then surely it must be my moral center, my deep-seated sense of right and wrong.
And I often feel that I’m a slightly different person in each language I speak — more determined in English, more relaxed in French, and more emotional in Czech. Is it possible that, along with these differences, my moral guidelines also point in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’m using?
In a research led by Albert Costa, volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the “train problem”: Imagine that a train is charging at five people standing on the track, unable to move. The only way to stop the train and spare the five people is push another stranger off a footbridge into its path. Costa and his colleagues found that posing the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as foreign tongue dramatically increased their willingness to push the sacrificial person off the footbridge, from fewer than 20% respondents using their native language to about 50% of those using the foreign one.
In another research conducted by Janet Greipel, volunteers read acts that many people find immoral, such as stories where someone cooked and ate his dog after it had been Keadby car. Those who read the stories in a foreign language perceived these actions less wrong than those who read them in their native tongue.
The difference in this judgment comes down to two separate and competing thinking patterns — one of these, a quick and direct feeling, and the other, careful deliberation about the greatest good for the largest number. When we use a foreign language, we unconsciously sink into the more deliberate mode simply because the effort of operating in our no-native language activates our cognitive system. This is similar to findings that reading math problems in a hard-to-read typeface (字体) makes people less likely to make careless mistakes.
12. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs?
A. He invests time in studying language. B. He perceives languages differ slightly.
C. He ignores the role of moral concepts. D. He thinks languages relate to morals.
13. How did the author prove his viewpoint?
A. By carefully citing examples. B. By collecting and listing data.
C. By conducting experiments. D. By analyzing people’s habits.
14. Why are “math problems” mentioned?
A. To justify a thinking pattern. B. To present a new finding.
C. To clarify the cognitive system. D. To warn against making mistakes.
15. What’s a suitable title for the passage?
A. Morality. The Core of People B. Languages: Insights into Judgments
C. Languages: A Shaping Power to Morality D. Morality: A New Way to Learn Languages
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Take to Become a Morning Person
As we all know, early to bed and early to rise is beneficial to health. ____16____ Here are some tips for you to take to become a morning person.
●Seek out as much natural light as possible. The secret to becoming a morning person is exposure to bright light. ____17____ When you wake up, pop outside for a walk around the block, or sit out back while you sip a cup of coffee. Besides, the black-out curtains you might use to foster a very dark sleeping environment isn’t recommended. If the brightness bothers you overnight, consider wearing an eye mask that you take off as you start to wake up.
● ____18____ There are two ways to approach your journey to early rising. You could force yourself to get up at your desired time every day, knowing that you’ll feel tired in the first few days but will naturally start falling asleep earlier within a few weeks. You can shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour. Step by step it’s easier for you to tolerate.
●Go to bed early in the evenings. A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same rising time every day, but it’s still important to make sure you’re getting enough sleep. Most people should aim for at least seven hours a night. ____19____ Cut back on how much exposure to bright light you’re getting, because being exposed to artificial light in the late evening holds back your body’s ability to generate melatonin (褪黑素), which can interfere with both your ability to fall asleep and your sleep quality.
●Plan something to look forward to. To motivate you out of bed, you should treat yourself to something special you can enjoy the moment you get up. For example, you won’t miss your favorite coffee or pastries when your alarm goes off at 5 a.m... ____20____
A. Ease in gradually.
B. Be consistent with your schedule.
C. You’re not fearing it if you think of these.
D. The sun is the driver of our internal clock.
E. Enough sleep will enhance your immune function.
F. However, it really needs dramatic courage to pull yourself out of the warm bed.
G. Thus, you’ll probably need to inch your bedtime forward as you transition to a new schedule.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共15 小题每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，丛每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, on my way to a fried chicken shop, I noticed many people warming up at the starting line. Runners of all ages, ____21____ and sizes, were preparing for the 5-kilometer running. I ____22____ everyone looked glad and proud there, high-fives happening everywhere, accompanied by friendly encouragement and wishes. I ____23____ what caused such enthusiasm. The idea of running for any reason ____24____ running towards an ice-cream truck had never been appealing to me.
As the runners took their places at, the starting line, I heard ____25____ cheers from the the bleachers (看台). I decided to stay and watch the whole race. The officials ____26____ for the start and all the runners rushed forward. They ran with ____27____ initially, but halfway, some runners looked tired, and one girl appeared ____28____ exhausted. I guessed she would ____29____ in no time. Just then, a man in the bleachers shouted to the girl, “Come on, Tiffany! You can do it!” Hearing the words, Tiffany gave a ____30____ smile to the man and continued running. Soon some other runners who were slowing down also received ____31____ from people in the bleachers. No one seemed to drop out.
Finally, Tiffany managed to arrive at the finishing line breathlessly. ____32____ she wasn’t the winner, but the was pleased to finish the whole race. She raised her ____33____ in the air happily. Some other runners arrived one by one, and they ___34___ each other. Inspired, I began trying to avoid fast food and doing exercise after that day, which changed me a lot. Now I become healthier and more ____35____.
21 A. forms B. shapes C. heights D. names
22. A. witnessed B. appreciated C. realized D. confirmed
23 A. knew B. accepted C. wondered D. doubted
24. A. or rather B. other than C. more than D. rather than
25. A. imaginable B. colorful C. admirable D. powerful
26. A. signaled B. waved C. shouted D. asked
27. A. ease B. caution C. curiosity D. purpose
28. A. occasionally B. probably C. slightly D. particularly
29. A. turn down B. burst out C. take in D. give up
30. A. bitter B. regretful C. shameful D. brief
31. A. cheers B. gifts C. congratulations D. sighs
32. A. Sadly B. Obviously C. Unfortunately D. Amazingly
33. A. head B. fingers C. arms D. legs
34. A. dragged B. comforted C. congratulated D. greeted
35. A. skeptical B. confident C. careful D. conservative
第二节(共10小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Quyi is a general term for all kinds of talking and singing arts in China. It originated from oral literature, the talking and singing performances of ancient people. It refers ____36____ (primary) to storytelling, accompanied by body movements. There are many different types of quyi-performance in China, such as comic dialogues, degu, pingshu and shuanghuang, among____37____the crosstalk is most popular,
The crosstalk, also ____38____ (know) as xiangsheng in Chinese, a kind of folk art with“comic” dialogues began as ____39____ form of Street performance and is generally thought to have taken form in the late Qing Dynasty, particularly during the rule of the Xianfeng Emperor and the Tongzhi Emperor in the mid-1800s.
The crosstalk realizes ____40____ (it) artistic presentation by means of imitation, talking, teasing, and singing. The jokes ____41____ (hide) in the baofu, or “package”. When the right time comes, they are suddenly spilled out, just like the funny stuff being thrown out of a carefully, wrapped package, thus unexpectedly but logically with a second thought,____42____ (cause) the audience to laugh. Most of the crosstalk ____43____ (story) come from daily life. Others are based on folk jokes, historic legends, events/and word games. The stage props (道具) are quite simple: a fan, a handkerchief ____44____ a table will be adequate. Normally, a crosstalk performance is done by two people. Up to now, the crosstalk has become a nationwide_____45_____ (entertain) loved by different walks of people.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Mike一直想来中国旅游，但由于疫情未能成行。请你写信告知他现在可以实现他的中国之旅。内容包括：
1.推荐景点；
2.提供帮助；
3.表达祝愿。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our church congregation (集会) in Toronto has a way of assisting those who have financial difficulties without making the receiver feel shame or guilt. Money is dropped into an offering box with only the name of the receiver on the envelope. The envelopes are then distributed to those members without them knowing the name of the giver.
There came a time when my husband and I were among those in need. Both of us lost jobs at that time and there was little hope that we could be employed within a short time. Of course, out of self-esteem, we did hot talk about our financial difficulty with anyone else. The only reason our children knew was that we had to cut back on many things. Still, we hoped they were not aware of the extent of our need, nor of how much then father and I were suffering because of it. We did not want to burden them with a problem they could do nothing to solve.
With time going by, our situation wasn’t improving, and my husband and I knew that we would have to look for outside help. In that cold winter, just as we reached the point of despair, our church gave us a gift envelope that had been left in the offering box. You couldn’t imagine how overjoyed we were on receiving such a very substantial amount of money, which was enough to bring us through that desperate time. We couldn’t help but wonder who had given such a generous gift. We were extremely relieved and enormously grateful. In this way, we could survive daring this tough period with the money. Besides, we needn’t worry about our son’s university tuition, that is, he needn’t apply for any loan (贷款) because he had taken a part-time job and worked hard to earn some money since he was nine years old. He had been a paper carrier for The Toronto Star, a car washer, a dishwasher and so on. He had been careful for his small earnings so we had trusted him to leave all his wages with him instead of putting it into the bank towards his education.
Paragraph1：
A year later our son was applying, for a student loan.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2：
Finally, in tears, my son told me he had put his savings in the offering box for us.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

山东省实验中学2023届高三第一次模拟考试
英语试题
(本试卷共10页，共三部分;全卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.非选择题的作答：用0.5mm 黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The most innovative libraries around the world
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the shelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Beach Library (Albena, Bulgaria)
Reading a book on the beach is a classic, and in Bulgaria, one library encourages tourist to do just that. The white, weather resistant shelves lined up not far from the surf feature 6,000 books in 15 languages so every visitor can find the perfect read to enjoy while bathed in the sunshine.
The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya)
To fight low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a movable library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region. Currently the service focuses on children, but with more funding they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the titles they carry.
Seikei University Library (Tokyo, Japan)
Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation. The library was designed with space-age, free-standing sound proofed pods (吊舱) to respect those who need uninterrupted study, while also being beneficial to other methods of learning; they serve as perfect spots for study groups and lively discussions.
Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)
A surprising combination of cutting-edge and sustainable, this building, featuring a green roof, was made from recycled and designed to imitate the look of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robots to bring requested books to the front desk.
1. Who is more likely to visit the Camel Library?
A. The government officials. B. Kids in the desert of Kenya
C. The local villagers in the region. D. Fundraisers of this service.
2. What makes Seikei University Library different from other libraries?
A. Its quiet reading atmosphere. B. Its unique design of space-age.
C. Its freedom of lively discussions. D. Its weather resistant shelves.
3. Which library is a good example of going green?
A. Beach Library. B. The Camel Library Service
C. Seikei University Library. D. Macquarie University Library
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座世界上最具创新性的图书馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To fight low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a movable library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages.(为了解决肯尼亚沙漠地区的低识字率问题，政府创建了一个由九头骆驼组成的移动图书馆，将书籍送到村庄)”可知，肯尼亚沙漠的孩子更有可能参观骆驼图书馆。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation.(图书馆通常以其安静的氛围而闻名，但这家图书馆鼓励交谈)”可知，不同之处是热烈讨论的自由。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A surprising combination of cutting-edge and sustainable, this building, featuring a green roof, was made from recycled and designed to imitate the look of a eucalyptus tree.(这座建筑令人惊讶地结合了尖端和可持续发展，以绿色屋顶为特色，由可回收利用材料制成，旨在模仿桉树的外观)”可知，麦考瑞大学图书馆是环保的好例子。故选D。
B
Timothy was exhausted for he worked extended hours. Although earning a low wage and handling ill-mannered customers, he always put serving those who sat are his tables well on the front burner of his mind He went about his daily duties carefully, putting on a smiling face as customers complained about the food or questioned the bill.
Usually as night deepen preparing to close the business, he would notice a couple of customers walk in, sit down and order drinks. Most of the crew had left by closing time, but Timothy stayed to serve. Eventually, the last round was ordered and be gave them the bill. The minimum tip was suggested on the receipt. “Tomorrow will be better,” he murmured.
But luck wouldn’t always smile on him. Evening approaching, a group of teenagers stepped in. Thankfully, they were polite and respectful. Their cheerful behavior began to affect him. As always, he did his best to make their dining experience a pleasant one.
Time dragged on and they finished their drinks. He placed the bill on the table, accompanied with some candies. The group placed their notes on the receipt and left smiling. When he returned to clear the table, he was astonished. A tip of $3 was sitting there, staring at him, but their total bill amounted to $100. He’d gone above and beyond to serve them. How could they be so rude?
Later that week, he battled to brush off the awkward memories. He arrived at work and expected it to be like any other day, but there was something left on the desk for him, a two-page handwritten letter from the teenagers with $18 attached, in which they explained they were unaware of how to tip appropriately due to it being their first time in this bar. Everything suddenly made sense.
Timothy thumbed up what they did with a big grin and he was so moved by their gesture that he uploaded a picture of the letter sharing their admirable efforts. The reaction was more than positive.
4. What did Timothy focus on in his job?
A. Getting more tips. B. Working longer hours
C. Providing better service. D. Being a nicer colleague.
5. What made the teenagers leave a tip of $3?
A. Dissatisfaction with the drinks. B. Ignorance of the tipping culture.
C. Gratefulness to Timothy. D. Misunderstanding of the bill.
6. Which of the following best describes Timothy?
A. Patient and humorous. B. Positive and devoted.
C. Generous and tolerant. D. Ambitious and creative.
7. What can we learn from the teenagers?
A. One good turn deserves another. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Apologies make for harmony. D. It’s good to make things right.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群年轻人由于不了解小费文化，给了太多小费，让在餐厅工作的Timothy十分尴尬，还好最后年轻人认识到了自己的问题，写信解释了原因。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Although earning a low wage and handling ill-mannered customers, he always put serving those who sat are his tables well on the front burner of his mind He went about his daily duties carefully, putting on a smiling face as customers complained about the food or questioned the bill.(虽然他的工资很低，还要处理那些不礼貌的顾客，但他总是把为那些坐在他桌子上的人服务放在第一位。他认真对待自己的日常工作，当顾客抱怨食物或质疑账单时，他总是面带微笑)”可知，Timothy的工作重点是提供更好的服务。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He arrived at work and expected it to be like any other day, but there was something left on the desk for him, a two-page handwritten letter from the teenagers with $18 attached, in which they explained they were unaware of how to tip appropriately due to it being their first time in this bar.(他来到办公室，以为今天会像往常一样，但桌子上却有一样东西留给他，那是一封两页纸的手写信，信上附有18美元，他们在信中解释说，因为是第一次来这家酒吧，所以不知道如何给适当的小费)”可知，这些青少年留下了3美元的小费是因为不了解小费文化。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Although earning a low wage and handling ill-mannered customers, he always put serving those who sat are his tables well on the front burner of his mind He went about his daily duties carefully, putting on a smiling face as customers complained about the food or questioned the bill.(虽然他的工资很低，还要处理那些不礼貌的顾客，但他总是把为那些坐在他桌子上的人服务放在第一位。他认真对待自己的日常工作，当顾客抱怨食物或质疑账单时，他总是面带微笑)”以及最后一段“Timothy thumbed up what they did with a big grin and he was so moved by their gesture that he uploaded a picture of the letter sharing their admirable efforts.( Timothy笑着用拇指点了一下他们的举动，他被他们的举动感动了，他上传了一张照片，分享了他们令人钦佩的努力)”可推知，Timothy是个积极、投入的人。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“He arrived at work and expected it to be like any other day, but there was something left on the desk for him, a two-page handwritten letter from the teenagers with $18 attached, in which they explained they were unaware of how to tip appropriately due to it being their first time in this bar. Everything suddenly made sense.(他来到办公室，以为今天会像往常一样，但桌子上却有一样东西留给他，那是一封两页纸的手写信，信上附有18美元，他们在信中解释说，因为是第一次来这家酒吧，所以不知道如何给适当的小费。一切突然变得有意义了)”可推知，年轻人告诉我们：把事情做对是件好事。故选D。
C
We all know eating ultra-processed foods that make our lives easier — such as sauces, and frozen pizza — isn’t good for our health. Studies have found they can raise our risk of obesity, heart problems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives. Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions.
“While in need of further study, the new results are quite compelling and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases,“ said Tanzi, professor at Harvard Medical School. He was not involved in the study but he said in his book, “They, are, very high in sugar, salt and fat, promoting systemic inflammation, perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging. Meanwhile, since they are convenient and quick, they also replace fiber foods important for maintaining the health and balance of bacteria in your gut,” he added, “which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age-related brain diseases like Alzheimer’
The study, presented at the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, followed over 10,000 Brazilians for 10 years. “In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s and Burger King. It is not very different from many other Western countries,” said coauthor Dr. Suemoto. Ultra-processed foods are defined as ”industrial formulations of food substances containing little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives“ according to the study.
“People consuming over 20% of daily calories from processed foods had a 28% faster decline in global cognition and a 25% faster decline in executive functioning compared to people who not,” said study coauthor Natalia. Those in the study who ate the most ultra-processed foods ware “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked,” the study found.
“People need to know they should cook more,” Suemoto said. “And it’s worth it because you’re going to protect your heart and guard your brain,” she added.
8. What does the underlined word “compelling” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Convincing. B. Surprising. C. Suspicious. D. Invaluable.
9. What do we know from the passage?
A. Whoever never cooks is sure to develop Alzheimer.
B. Ultra-processed foods only affect your executive function.
C. Tanzi is the first to find the problem with Ultra-processed foods.
D. Brazilians’calorie intake is not different from most westerners.
10. Who is likely to eat more ultra-processed foods?
A. An old beggar. B. A heavy smoker. C. A young professor. D. A low-income man.
11. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. Ultra-processed foods can harm your health.
B. Fiber foods can reduce the risk of Alzheimer.
C. Fiber foods may maintain the balance of bacteria.
D. Ultra-processed foods will lead to cognitive decline.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，吃更多的超加工食品可能会导致整体认知能力下降，包括大脑执行功能——处理信息和做出决定的能力。文章解释了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此研究的看法。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“While in need of further study”以及后文“and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases”可知，while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，为让步转折关系，说明虽然还需要进一步的研究，但新的研究结果相当令人信服，并强调了适当的营养在保护和促进大脑健康、降低大脑疾病风险方面的关键作用。故画线词意思是“令人信服的”。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s and Burger King. It is not very different from many other Western countries(在巴西，超加工食品占总热量摄入的25%至30%。我们有麦当劳和汉堡王。它与许多其他西方国家没有太大不同)”可知，巴西人的卡路里摄入量与大多数西方人没有什么不同。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Those in the study who ate the most ultra-processed foods ware “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked,” the study found.(研究发现，研究中食用超加工食品最多的人“更可能是年轻人、女性、白人、受过高等教育和收入较高的人，而且更可能从不吸烟”)”可知，一位年轻的教授可能会吃更多的超加工食品。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions.(现在，一项新的研究表明，吃更多的超加工食品可能会导致整体认知能力下降，包括大脑执行功能——处理信息和做出决定的能力)”结合文章解释了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此研究的看法。可知，这篇文章的主旨是超加工食品会导致认知能力下降。故选D。
D
What defines us? If pressed, I would answer that if there is any part of me that sits at my core, then surely it must be my moral center, my deep-seated sense of right and wrong.
And I often feel that I’m a slightly different person in each language I speak — more determined in English, more relaxed in French, and more emotional in Czech. Is it possible that, along with these differences, my moral guidelines also point in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’m using?
In a research led by Albert Costa, volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the “train problem”: Imagine that a train is charging at five people standing on the track, unable to move. The only way to stop the train and spare the five people is push another stranger off a footbridge into its path. Costa and his colleagues found that posing the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as foreign tongue dramatically increased their willingness to push the sacrificial person off the footbridge, from fewer than 20% respondents using their native language to about 50% of those using the foreign one.
In another research conducted by Janet Greipel, volunteers read acts that many people find immoral, such as stories where someone cooked and ate his dog after it had been Keadby car. Those who read the stories in a foreign language perceived these actions less wrong than those who read them in their native tongue.
The difference in this judgment comes down to two separate and competing thinking patterns — one of these, a quick and direct feeling, and the other, careful deliberation about the greatest good for the largest number. When we use a foreign language, we unconsciously sink into the more deliberate mode simply because the effort of operating in our no-native language activates our cognitive system. This is similar to findings that reading math problems in a hard-to-read typeface (字体) makes people less likely to make careless mistakes.
12. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs?
A. He invests time in studying language. B. He perceives languages differ slightly.
C. He ignores the role of moral concepts. D. He thinks languages relate to morals.
13. How did the author prove his viewpoint?
A. By carefully citing examples. B. By collecting and listing data.
C. By conducting experiments. D. By analyzing people’s habits.
14. Why are “math problems” mentioned?
A. To justify a thinking pattern. B. To present a new finding.
C. To clarify the cognitive system. D. To warn against making mistakes.
15. What’s a suitable title for the passage?
A. Morality. The Core of People B. Languages: Insights into Judgments
C. Languages: A Shaping Power to Morality D. Morality: A New Way to Learn Languages
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者认为语言与道德有关，并列举了两个实验以及对这种现象进行了总结。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“And I often feel that I’m a slightly different person in each language I speak — more determined in English, more relaxed in French, and more emotional in Czech. Is it possible that, along with these differences, my moral guidelines also point in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’m using?(而且我经常觉得我在说每种语言时都是一个略有不同的人——说英语更坚定，说法语更轻松，说捷克语更情绪化。有没有可能，除了这些差异，我的道德准则也指向不同的方向，这取决于我使用的语言？)”可知，作者认为语言与道德有关。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In a research led by Albert Costa, volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the “train problem”: Imagine that a train is charging at five people standing on the track, unable to move.(在阿尔伯特·科斯塔领导的一项研究中，志愿者们面临着一个被称为“火车问题”的道德困境：想象一列火车向站在轨道上无法移动的五个人冲去)”以及第四段“In another research conducted by Janet Greipel, volunteers read acts that many people find immoral, such as stories where someone cooked and ate his dog after it had been Keadby car.(在珍妮特·格雷佩尔进行的另一项研究中，志愿者们阅读了许多人认为不道德的行为，比如有人把自己的狗煮了吃，然后把它扔进了汽车里)”可知，作者通过仔细地引用例子证明他的观点。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When we use a foreign language, we unconsciously sink into the more deliberate mode simply because the effort of operating in our no-native language activates our cognitive system. This is similar to findings that reading math problems in a hard-to-read typeface (字体) makes people less likely to make careless mistakes.(当我们使用一门外语时，我们会无意识地陷入深思熟虑的模式，这仅仅是因为用非母语进行操作的努力激活了我们的认知系统。这与用难以阅读的字体阅读数学题让人们不太可能犯粗心错误的发现相似)”可推知，提到“数学问题”是为一种思维模式辩护。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“And I often feel that I’m a slightly different person in each language I speak — more determined in English, more relaxed in French, and more emotional in Czech. Is it possible that, along with these differences, my moral guidelines also point in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’m using?(而且我经常觉得我在说每种语言时都是一个略有不同的人——说英语更坚定，说法语更轻松，说捷克语更情绪化。有没有可能，除了这些差异，我的道德准则也指向不同的方向，这取决于我使用的语言？)”结合文章主要说明了作者认为语言与道德有关，并列举了两个实验以及对这种现象进行了总结。可知，C选项“语言：一种塑造道德的力量”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Take to Become a Morning Person
As we all know, early to bed and early to rise is beneficial to health. ____16____ Here are some tips for you to take to become a morning person.
●Seek out as much natural light as possible. The secret to becoming a morning person is exposure to bright light. ____17____ When you wake up, pop outside for a walk around the block, or sit out back while you sip a cup of coffee. Besides, the black-out curtains you might use to foster a very dark sleeping environment isn’t recommended. If the brightness bothers you overnight, consider wearing an eye mask that you take off as you start to wake up.
● ____18____ There are two ways to approach your journey to early rising. You could force yourself to get up at your desired time every day, knowing that you’ll feel tired in the first few days but will naturally start falling asleep earlier within a few weeks. You can shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour. Step by step it’s easier for you to tolerate.
●Go to bed early in the evenings. A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same rising time every day, but it’s still important to make sure you’re getting enough sleep. Most people should aim for at least seven hours a night. ____19____ Cut back on how much exposure to bright light you’re getting, because being exposed to artificial light in the late evening holds back your body’s ability to generate melatonin (褪黑素), which can interfere with both your ability to fall asleep and your sleep quality.
●Plan something to look forward to. To motivate you out of bed, you should treat yourself to something special you can enjoy the moment you get up. For example, you won’t miss your favorite coffee or pastries when your alarm goes off at 5 a.m... ____20____
A. Ease in gradually.
B. Be consistent with your schedule.
C. You’re not fearing it if you think of these.
D. The sun is the driver of our internal clock.
E. Enough sleep will enhance your immune function.
F. However, it really needs dramatic courage to pull yourself out of the warm bed.
G. Thus, you’ll probably need to inch your bedtime forward as you transition to a new schedule.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了几个帮助早起的建议。
【16题详解】
上文“As we all know, early to bed and early to rise is beneficial to health.(众所周知，早睡早起有益于健康)”提到早睡早起有利于健康，结合下文“Here are some tips for you to take to become a morning person.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你成为一个早起的人)”可知，空处应是说早起对人们来说不容易，由此引出下文的一些关于早起的建议，F项“然而，把自己从温暖的被窝里拽出来真的需要巨大的勇气”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
上文“The secret to becoming a morning person is exposure to bright light.(成为一个早起的人的秘密是暴露在明亮的阳光下)”提到，早起秘诀是将自己暴露在明亮的光线下，分析选项，D项“太阳是我们生物钟的驱动者”解释上文的原因，太阳是我们生物钟的驱动者，所以暴露在阳光下能让人早起，故选D。
【18题详解】
空处是段落主题句，根据本段内容及最后一句“Step by step it’s easier for you to tolerate.(一步一步来，你更容易忍受)”可知，本段是介绍循序渐进培养早起习惯的两个方法，A项“逐渐适应”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据本段主题句“Go to bed early in the evenings.(晚上早睡)”及空前“Most people should aim for at least seven hours a night.(大多数人应该保证每晚至少7小时睡眠)”可知，因为大多数人要保证每晚至少睡7小时，所以想要早起，还应该早睡，G项“因此，当你过渡到一个新的时间表时，你可能需要把你的就寝时间提前一点”符合语境，与上文形成因果关系，且呼应本段的主题，故选G。
【20题详解】
上文“To motivate you out of bed, you should treat yourself to something special you can enjoy the moment you get up. For example, you won’t miss your favorite coffee or pastries when your alarm goes off at 5 a.m…(为了激励你从床上爬起来，你应该给自己一些特别的东西，你可以在起床的那一刻享受。例如，当你的闹钟在早上5点响起时，你不会错过你最喜欢的咖啡或糕点)”提到，可以计划一些值得期待的事情来激励自己早起，如最喜欢的咖啡或糕点，这样早起就没有那么难了，故C项“想想这些，你就不会害怕早起了”符合语境，C项中的“these”指代上文的“your favorite coffee or pastries”，故选C。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共15 小题每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，丛每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, on my way to a fried chicken shop, I noticed many people warming up at the starting line. Runners of all ages, ____21____ and sizes, were preparing for the 5-kilometer running. I ____22____ everyone looked glad and proud there, high-fives happening everywhere, accompanied by friendly encouragement and wishes. I ____23____ what caused such enthusiasm. The idea of running for any reason ____24____ running towards an ice-cream truck had never been appealing to me.
As the runners took their places at, the starting line, I heard ____25____ cheers from the the bleachers (看台). I decided to stay and watch the whole race. The officials ____26____ for the start and all the runners rushed forward. They ran with ____27____ initially, but halfway, some runners looked tired, and one girl appeared ____28____ exhausted. I guessed she would ____29____ in no time. Just then, a man in the bleachers shouted to the girl, “Come on, Tiffany! You can do it!” Hearing the words, Tiffany gave a ____30____ smile to the man and continued running. Soon some other runners who were slowing down also received ____31____ from people in the bleachers. No one seemed to drop out.
Finally, Tiffany managed to arrive at the finishing line breathlessly. ____32____ she wasn’t the winner, but the was pleased to finish the whole race. She raised her ____33____ in the air happily. Some other runners arrived one by one, and they ___34___ each other. Inspired, I began trying to avoid fast food and doing exercise after that day, which changed me a lot. Now I become healthier and more ____35____.
21. A. forms B. shapes C. heights D. names
22. A. witnessed B. appreciated C. realized D. confirmed
23 A. knew B. accepted C. wondered D. doubted
24. A. or rather B. other than C. more than D. rather than
25. A. imaginable B. colorful C. admirable D. powerful
26. A. signaled B. waved C. shouted D. asked
27. A. ease B. caution C. curiosity D. purpose
28. A. occasionally B. probably C. slightly D. particularly
29. A. turn down B. burst out C. take in D. give up
30. A. bitter B. regretful C. shameful D. brief
31. A. cheers B. gifts C. congratulations D. sighs
32. A. Sadly B. Obviously C. Unfortunately D. Amazingly
33. A. head B. fingers C. arms D. legs
34. A. dragged B. comforted C. congratulated D. greeted
35. A. skeptical B. confident C. careful D. conservative
【答案】21 B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去炸鸡店的路上目睹了一起跑步比赛，看到参赛选手都努力完成比赛，作者受到了鼓舞，于是开始尽量不吃快餐，多做运动。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有年龄、身高和身材的跑步者都在为5公里跑做准备。A. forms表格；B. shapes体形；C. heights高度；D. names名字。根据后文“and sizes”可知，此处在描述跑步者的身材如何，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到在场的每个人看起来都很高兴和自豪，到处都是击掌，伴随着友好的鼓励和祝福。A. witnessed目击；B. appreciated感激；C. realized意识到；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“everyone looked glad”可知，作者看到在场的每个人看起来都很高兴。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道是什么引起了这样的热情。A. knew知道；B. accepted接受；C. wondered想知道；D. doubted怀疑。根据后文“what caused such enthusiasm”指作者想知道人们热情的原因。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：除了跑向一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因而跑的想法从来没有吸引过我。A. or rather倒不如说；B. other than除了；C. more than超过；D. rather than而不是。根据后文“running towards an ice-cream truck had never been appealing to me”可知，此处指除了跑向一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因而跑的想法从来没有吸引过作者，other than表示“除了……没有”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当跑步者们在起跑线上就位时，我听到看台上传来了热烈的欢呼声。A. imaginable可想象的；B. colorful多彩的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. powerful强大的。根据后文“cheers from the bleachers”可知，人们在给运动员加油，传来热烈的欢呼声。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：裁判员示意起跑，所有的跑步者都向前冲去。A. signaled示意；B. waved挥动；C. shouted叫喊；D. asked询问。根据后文“for the start and all the runners rushed forward”指裁判员示意起跑，所有的跑步者都向前冲去。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一开始跑得很轻松，但跑到一半的时候，一些跑步者看起来很累，其中一个女孩显得特别疲惫。A. ease容易；B. caution谨慎；C. curiosity好奇心；D. purpose目的。根据后文“initially, but halfway, some runners looked tired”可知but表示转折，说明一开始跑得很轻松，但跑到一半的时候，一些跑步者看起来很累，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们一开始跑得很轻松，但跑到一半的时候，一些跑步者看起来很累，其中一个女孩显得特别疲惫。A. occasionally偶尔；B. probably可能；C. slightly稍微；D. particularly尤其。结合上文“some runners looked tired, and one girl appeared”可知，一些跑步者看起来很累，其中一个女孩显得特别疲惫。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我猜她很快就会放弃的。A. turn down减小；B. burst out爆发；C. take in理解；D. give up放弃。上文提到这个女孩特别累，所以作者猜测她很快会放弃比赛。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到这些话，蒂芙尼对那个人短暂地笑了笑，然后继续跑步。A. bitter苦的；B. regretful后悔的；C. shameful羞愧的；D. brief简短的。根据后文“smile to the man and continued running”可知，女孩对那个给她加油的人短暂地笑了笑，又继续跑。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，其他一些慢下来的跑步者也受到了看台上人们的欢呼。A. cheers欢呼；B. gifts礼物；C. congratulations恭喜；D. sighs叹息。呼应上文“cheers from the bleachers”指跑步者也受到了看台上人们的欢呼。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然她不是获胜者，但她很高兴跑完全程。A. Sadly悲哀地；B. Obviously显然；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Amazingly惊人地。根据后文“she wasn’t the winner”可知，显然蒂芙尼不是获胜者。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她高兴地在空中举起双臂。A. head头；B. fingers手指；C. arms手臂；D. legs腿。根据后文“in the air happily”以及常识，完成了比赛所以是双臂在空中挥动，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他一些选手陆续到达，他们互相祝贺。A. dragged拖；B. comforted安慰；C. congratulated祝贺；D. greeted问候。根据上文“Some other runners arrived one by one”可知，选手都到达了终点，互相祝贺。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我变得更健康，更自信。A. skeptical怀疑的；B. confident自信的；C. careful仔细的；D. conservative保守的。根据上文“Now I become healthier and more”可知，作者有了积极的变化，变得更健康，更自信。故选B。
第二节(共10小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Quyi is a general term for all kinds of talking and singing arts in China. It originated from oral literature, the talking and singing performances of ancient people. It refers ____36____ (primary) to storytelling, accompanied by body movements. There are many different types of quyi-performance in China, such as comic dialogues, degu, pingshu and shuanghuang, among____37____the crosstalk is most popular,
The crosstalk, also ____38____ (know) as xiangsheng in Chinese, a kind of folk art with“comic” dialogues began as ____39____ form of Street performance and is generally thought to have taken form in the late Qing Dynasty, particularly during the rule of the Xianfeng Emperor and the Tongzhi Emperor in the mid-1800s.
The crosstalk realizes ____40____ (it) artistic presentation by means of imitation, talking, teasing, and singing. The jokes ____41____ (hide) in the baofu, or “package”. When the right time comes, they are suddenly spilled out, just like the funny stuff being thrown out of a carefully, wrapped package, thus unexpectedly but logically with a second thought,____42____ (cause) the audience to laugh. Most of the crosstalk ____43____ (story) come from daily life. Others are based on folk jokes, historic legends, events/and word games. The stage props (道具) are quite simple: a fan, a handkerchief ____44____ a table will be adequate. Normally, a crosstalk performance is done by two people. Up to now, the crosstalk has become a nationwide_____45_____ (entertain) loved by different walks of people.
【答案】36. primarily
37. which 38. known
39. a 40. its
41. are hidden
42. causing
43. stories
44. and 45. entertainment
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了相声这种艺术形式以及其特点。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：它主要指的是讲故事，伴随着肢体动作。修饰动词refer应用副词primarily，作状语。故填primarily。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在中国有许多不同类型的曲艺表演，如相声、德鼓、评书和双簧，其中最受欢迎的是相声。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词types，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：相声，在中国也被称为“xiangsheng”，是一种民间艺术，以“喜剧”对话开始作为街头表演的一种形式，通常被认为是在清末形成的，特别是在19世纪中叶咸丰皇帝和同治皇帝统治期间。短语be known as表示“被称为”，省略be动词，过去分词作后置定语，故填known。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：相声，在中国也被称为“xiangsheng”，是一种民间艺术，以“喜剧”对话开始作为街头表演的一种形式，通常被认为是在清末形成的，特别是在19世纪中叶咸丰皇帝和同治皇帝统治期间。form为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：相声通过模仿、说话、逗趣、唱歌等手段来实现其艺术表现。修饰名词presentation应用形容词性物主代its。故填its。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这些笑话都藏在“包袱”里。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为jokes，谓语用复数。故填are hidden。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当合适的时机到来时，它们突然抛出来，就像有趣的东西从精心包装的包装中被扔出来一样，因此出乎意料但又合乎逻辑地三思而后行，引起观众的笑声。分析句子结构可知cause与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填causing。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：大多数相声故事来自日常生活。story为可数名词，结合上文Most of the crosstalk可知用复数形式。故填stories。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：舞台道具很简单：一把扇子、一块手帕和一张桌子就足够了。前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：时至今日，相声已成为一种深受各界人士喜爱的全国性娱乐活动。作表语，根据不定冠词可知用单数名词。故填entertainment。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你英国笔友Mike一直想来中国旅游，但由于疫情未能成行。请你写信告知他现在可以实现他的中国之旅。内容包括：
1.推荐景点；
2.提供帮助；
3.表达祝愿。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m more than delighted to inform you that it’s time to travel to China because the pandemic has been under control.
Not only are there countless places of interest in China worth a visit, such as the Summer Palace, the Great Wall and Terra Cotta Warriors, but also you’ll enjoy some spectacular natural scenery. Besides, if necessary, I’m willing to be your guide, such as booking a hotel or treating you to some bites of snacks. I fimmly believe this travel can enable you to have fun as well as experience great Chinese culture.
Wish you a pleasant journey!
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Mike写信，告知他现在可以实现他的中国之旅。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
此外：besides→what’s more
玩得开心：have fun→enjoy oneself
愉快的：pleasant→ enjoyable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Not only are there countless places of interest in China worth a visit, such as the Summer Palace, the Great Wall and Terra Cotta Warriors, but also you’ll enjoy some spectacular natural scenery.
拓展句：Not only are there countless places of interest in China worth a visit, which include the Summer Palace, the Great Wall and Terra Cotta Warriors, but also you’ll enjoy some spectacular natural scenery.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m more than delighted to inform you that it’s time to travel to China because the pandemic has been under control.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Not only are there countless places of interest in China worth a visit, such as the Summer Palace, the Great Wall and Terra Cotta Warriors, but also you’ll enjoy some spectacular natural scenery.（运用了not only置于句首引起的倒装句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our church congregation (集会) in Toronto has a way of assisting those who have financial difficulties without making the receiver feel shame or guilt. Money is dropped into an offering box with only the name of the receiver on the envelope. The envelopes are then distributed to those members without them knowing the name of the giver.
There came a time when my husband and I were among those in need. Both of us lost jobs at that time and there was little hope that we could be employed within a short time. Of course, out of self-esteem, we did hot talk about our financial difficulty with anyone else. The only reason our children knew was that we had to cut back on many things. Still, we hoped they were not aware of the extent of our need, nor of how much then father and I were suffering because of it. We did not want to burden them with a problem they could do nothing to solve.
With time going by, our situation wasn’t improving, and my husband and I knew that we would have to look for outside help. In that cold winter, just as we reached the point of despair, our church gave us a gift envelope that had been left in the offering box. You couldn’t imagine how overjoyed we were on receiving such a very substantial amount of money, which was enough to bring us through that desperate time. We couldn’t help but wonder who had given such a generous gift. We were extremely relieved and enormously grateful. In this way, we could survive daring this tough period with the money. Besides, we needn’t worry about our son’s university tuition, that is, he needn’t apply for any loan (贷款) because he had taken a part-time job and worked hard to earn some money since he was nine years old. He had been a paper carrier for The Toronto Star, a car washer, a dishwasher and so on. He had been careful for his small earnings so we had trusted him to leave all his wages with him instead of putting it into the bank towards his education.
Paragraph1：
A year later our son was applying, for a student loan.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2：
Finally, in tears, my son told me he had put his savings in the offering box for us.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
A year later, our son was applying for a student loan. It was then that we discovered that his savings account was almost empty. His father and I were very disturbed by this. What worried me was that he might abuse the money. Therefore, I asked him repeatedly to tell me where the money had gone. At first he would not tell me, which made me even angrier. Nevertheless, I would not let the matter alone. I was continuously questioning him, determined to find out where the money had gone, but in vain.
Finally, in tears, my son told me he had put his savings in the offering box for us. On hearing this, I stood there speechless, tears filling my eyes. It had taken my son years to save that money and he had given it to us willingly - without telling us what he had done. However, I did wrong to him, a kind and caring boy, who carried my husband and me through when we were in trouble. I couldn’t help hugging my son tightly. A warm current welled up in my heart, although it was freezing cold outside.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和丈夫因为失业有了经济困难，幸亏得到了教会的帮助。他们可以用这笔钱度过这段艰难的时期，并且不需要担心儿子的大学学费。结果一年后发现儿子正在申请学生贷款，追问才得知儿子把自己的积蓄都用来给作者他们买礼物了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一年后，我们的儿子正在申请学生贷款”可知，第一段可描写作者发现儿子的财务状况有异样以后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，儿子流着泪告诉我，他把所有的积蓄放在了捐款箱里”可知，第二段可描写儿子坦白积蓄放在了捐款箱里，作者和丈夫感动。
2.续写线索：发现储蓄账户是空的——担心钱被滥用——追问儿子——得知真相——感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
放置：put/place
质问：question / query
查明：find out /figure out
情绪类
担忧：worry/concern
烦恼：disturbed /annoyed
【点睛】[高分句型1] What worried me was that he might abuse the money. (运用了what引导主语从句)
[高分句型2] However, I did wrong to him, a kind and caring boy, who carried my husband and me through when we were in trouble. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句)