初中英语中考常用易错词汇辨析(共6组)
展开中考英语常用易错词汇辨析
1.for / from / since
(1)三者都能用来表示时间,但用法不同。
since “自从”,所表示的是一个时间点。可用作介词,也可用作连词,后接时间名词或短语,或引导时间状语从句;要求前面的谓语动词或主句的谓语动词必须用完成时态,要用延续性动词。而since引导的从句中的谓语动词通常应是短暂性的动词。若接时间,则应为点时间。如:
① He has worked there since1989.
他自从1989年就开始在那里工作了。
② She has lived here since she moved here.
自从她搬过来就一直住这里了。
(2)from “自从” 只用作介词,表一个事情的开始点,可用于过去、现在或将来的时态。如:
① They worked from 7:00 to 12:00 this morning.
他们从今天早上7:00一直工作到12:00.
② We have been good friends from childhood.
我们从孩童时期就一直是好朋友。
(3)for 作为介词,后面接段时间,用于完成时、现在时、过去时和将来时,句中要用延续性动词。如:
① We’ll stay here for ten minutes.
我们将在这儿呆10分钟。
② They have studied English for three yeas.
他们已经学习英语三年了。
2.although/ though
(1)although conj.“尽管、虽然”引导让步状语从句,相当于 though.只是比though稍微正式些。多用于句首。though 用于非正式文体中,较普遍,但以下几种用法,不能用although.如:
① 表强调时,要用even though,
如:
Even though I didn’t understand a word, I kept smiling.
尽管我一字不识,我还是一直微笑着。
②though可用在倒装句中,如:
Young though he is, he is quite experienced.
他虽然年轻,但很有经验。
③ though 可作副词,表示“然而”放在句末或其它位置。如:He said he would come, he didn’t though.他说他要来,结果他却没来。
[此外],although不用着副词。在英语中如果用了although 或 though, 就不能再有but,但可以用yet 或still; 反之,如果用了but , 就不能用although 和 though.如:
① Although he is in poor health, (yet) he works hard.= He is in poor health, but he works hard.
虽然他身体不好,但他工作仍努力。
②Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
虽然天气很冷,他未穿外衣就出去了。
① He is quite strong, although very old.
他虽然很老了,但还是十分健壮。
(2)though 常用作连词,“虽然”。在口语中还用着副词,一般放在句末,意为“可是、然而”等。如:
① He didn’t light the fire, though it was cold.
天气虽很冷,他却还没生火。
②Though it was very late, he went on working.
虽然很晚了,他还是继续工作。
③ He said he would come, he didn’t, though.
他说他来,可是结果他没有来。
3.always/ often/ frequently/ often/
usually/ sometimes/ never
(1)这几个词都是表频度的副词,它们之间的区别可用百分比来区分:
(0%)→(20%)→ 70%)→(75%)→(100%)
从不 —→ 有时 —→ 时常 —→ 通常 —→ 总是
即:never(0%)→sometimes(20%)→often/frequently(70%)→usually(75%)→always(100%)
(2)always “永远、总是”。与进行时连用时,表“再三地、老是”等意思。有时还表“生气或不耐烦”等盛情色彩。如:
①The sun always rises in the east.
太阳总是从东方升起。
②I always get up at seven o’clock.
我总是在七点钟起身。
③The boy is always asking whys.
这男孩老是问这问那没个完。
(3)often “时常、常常”强调经常性。如:
①He often comes here to see me.
他时常到这儿来看我。
②We have often been there.
我们时常在那。
(4)frequently “时常、屡次”常与often 通用。但它强调次数频繁。如:
①Business frequently brings him to Shanghai.他时常因事到上海去。
②He frequently comes here to see her.
他时常到这儿来看她。
(5)usually “经常”其动作频率仅次于always.常常与一般过时,一般现在时连用。
① I usually get up at six in the morning.
我经常早上6点起床。
(6)never “从不”是否定副词。常常与完成时连用。
①I have never been to the Great Wall.
我从没有去过长城。
② She said she had never gone there.
她说她从没有去过那里。
4.among/ between/ in the middle of
(1)among “在……之中/中间” 指三者或三者以上。通常表某个范围。如:
①Someone is wrong among us.
我们中间有人错了。
②There is a small village among the mountains.大山之间有座小村庄。
(2)between “在…之间”指在二者之间,有时与and 连用。如:
①There is a river between us.
在我们两人之间有一条河。
②I’m standing between a house and a big tree.我站在一座房子和一棵大树中间。
(3)in the middle of “在……中间”指在某事物中间,强调事物的两端的中间。如:
There is a bus stop in the middle of the road.在这条公路中间有个车站。
5.another/ the other/ other/ others/ the others
(1)another 指不定数目中的“另一个、又一个” (三个以上)用来代替或修饰可数名词。如:
I don’t think the coat is good enough.Can you show me another?
(2)other 泛指“另外的”修饰复数名词。如:
We study Chinese, maths, English and other subjects.
(3)others 泛指“另外的人或物”, 但不指其余的人或物的全部。如:
Some like swimming, others like boating.
Ⅳ.the other 指两个中的“另一个”如:
He has two sons, one is in Shanghai, the other is in Beijing.
Ⅴ.the others 特指某一范围内的“其余全部的人或物”如:
There are thirty books on the bookshelf.Five are mine, the others are my father’s.
6.answer/ reply
(1)answer “回答、答复”。是最普通的用语,包括用口头、书面或行动回答。它可以用作及物动词或不及物动词。
如:
① He answered my question.
他回答了我的问题。
② It is a difficult question to answer.
这是一个难以回答的问题。
③ Please answer my letter as soon as possible.
请尽快回信。
④ They left a boy to answer the bell.
他们留下一个孩子应门。
(2)reply “回答、答复”。但比answer 正式些。它指用口头或书面回答。严格地讲,是指有针对性地详细地回答。它也指用行动回答。Reply 常用作不及物动词,回答某人或某事。后接to; 当它与直接引语或从句连用时,才用作及物动词。
如:
① I didn’t reply to him.
我没有答复他。
② He replied that he might go.
他回答说他可能去。