高中英语高考复习特殊变形词整理汇总

高考英语特殊变形词

1.熟悉又陌生的派生词之名词。

常见词缀要记牢，-tion/-sion/-ness/-cy/-ce/-th/-dom/-ty...

recognize→recognition n.认可

benefit→beneficial adj.有益的

explain→explanation n.说明，解释

curious→curiosity n.好奇，好奇心

generous→generosity n.慷慨

consume→consumption n.消费；消耗

describe→description n.描述，描写

assume→assumption n.假定；设想

pronounce→pronunciation n.发音；读法

compete→competition n.竞争；比赛

invite→invitation n.邀请

admire→admiration n.钦佩；羡慕；欣赏

qualify→qualification n.资格；资格证书

believe→belief n.信念

relieve→relief n.如释重负

tend→tendency n.倾向，趋势

choose→choice n.选择

vary→variety n.多样化；种类

conclude→conclusion n.结论

decide→decision n.决定

divide→division n.分配

expand→expansion n.扩张

admit→admission n.接纳；准许入学

permit→permission n.许可

introduce→introduction n.介绍

respond→response n.回应

rich→richness n.丰富

damp→dampness n.潮湿；湿气

complete→completeness n.完整；完全

full→fullness n.充满；丰富；完全

tired→tiredness n.疲劳；疲倦

good→goodness n.善良，美德

Warm→warmth n. 温暖

true→ truth n. 真相

2.名词复数特殊变化

(1)不规则变化的名词复数

①child→children孩子

②man→men男人

③tooth→teeth牙齿

④foot→feet脚

⑤woman→women女人

⑥mouse→mice老鼠

⑦gentleman→gentlemen绅士

⑧ox→oxen 公牛

(2)外来名词的复数

①criterion→criteria 标准

②phenomenon→phenomena 现象

③bacterium→bacteria 细菌

④medium→media 媒介

⑤datum→data 数据

(3)以o结尾的名词在词尾加－s或－es

①以o结尾的名词在词尾直接加－s变为复数

radio→radios，zoo→zoos，piano→pianos，kilo→kilos，photo→photos

②以o结尾的名词在词尾直接加－es

hero→heroes，tomato→tomatoes，potato→potatoes

3.形容词变副词

(1)大部分以字母e结尾的形容词不去e，形容词变副词直接加－ly

immediate→immediately立刻地

fortunate→fortunately幸运地

entire→entirely完全地，彻底地

wide→widely广泛地

absolute→absolutely绝对地；完全地

polite→politely有礼貌地；客气地

wise→wisely明智地；聪明地；精明地

nice→nicely漂亮地；恰好地

huge→hugely很；非常

expensive→expensively昂贵地

(2)－le结尾的形容词变为ly

simple→simply简单地；仅仅

gentle→gently轻轻地；温柔

terrible→terribly非常；可怕地；极度地

possible→possibly可能地；也许

probable→probably大概；或许

comfortable→comfortably舒服地；安乐地

(3)以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词去e加－ly

true→truly真实地

(4)特殊情况

whole→wholly完全地；全部

shy→shyly害羞地

dry→dryly干燥地

full→fully充分地

dull→dully单调地

4.动词变名词，去e还是不去e

(1)以e结尾，不去e直接加－ment

achieve→achievement功绩；成就

advertise→advertisement 广告

amaze→amazement 惊奇

agree→agreement同意

arrange→arrangement 安排

improve→improvement 改进

require→requirement 要求

(2)以e结尾，去e再加－ment

argue→argument辩论；论据

judge→judgment意见；判断力

5.以字母ic结尾的形容词加－ally变为副词

specific→specifically特别地；明确地　

basic→basically主要地，基本上

scientific→scientifically系统地；合乎科学地

academic→academically学术上；学业上

historic→historically

关于历史事件，从历史观点上说

classic→classically古典主义地

enthusiastic→enthusiastically热情地

6.后缀－cy(－t/－te→－cy)

accurate→accuracy准确性

efficient→efficiency效率；功效

fluent→fluency流利；流畅

frequent→frequency频繁

private→privacy隐私；私密

urgent→urgency紧急

7.形容词和副词比较等级的特殊变化

8.针对训练

用括号内所给词的适当形式填空

1. I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time ._____________( fortunate ), I was held up by the heavy traffic jam .

【答案】 Unfortunately 

2.Therefore, when they become older they are _________________( able ) to do any other kind of work .

【答案】 unable 

3.Very early the next morning , amazingly ,we got completely satisfied in a totally ______________( expect ) way .

【答案】 unexpected 

4. I won ' t do the purchase because the price of this dress is ___________( reason ).

【答案】 unreasonable

5.Job____________( apply ) need to show their ability to be both organized and flexible in taking on many tasks at the same time .

【答案】 applicants 

6. All facts are the source of _________________( conclude ).

【答案】 conclusions 

7.However, most ______________( science ) agree that EQ has a lot to do with ___________( educate ).

【答案】 scientists ; education 

8.Excellent oral and written _________________( communicate ) skills in Chinese and English are of____________ ( important ).

【答案】 communication ; importance 

9. Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily___________( require ).

【答案】 requirement 

10. 10.It is your______________(free) to do what you want after class.

【答案】 freedom