精品解析：广东省河源中学2022-2023学年高三10月教学质量检测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：广东省河源中学2022-2023学年高三10月教学质量检测英语试题（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，答题前，考生务必用直径0，本卷命题范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。

河源中学2023届10月教学质量检测
高三英语试题
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fantastic Fire Festivals Around the World
Quema del Diablo
In Central America, Quema del Diablo, or “burning of the devil (魔鬼)” takes place in Guatemala on December 7, when the devil is driven from Guatemalans’ homes and chased into the streets. By holding firework displays, bonfires (篝火), and burning devil statues, locals believe they are ridding themselves of bad spirits.
Guy Fawkes Night
The most famous fire ceremony of all happens in England. Guy Fawkes Night, also known as Bonfire Night, is held on November 5 and goes back all the way to 1605. The most famous and biggest celebration is in Lewes in Sussex, also known as the bonfire capital of the world. Whole streets are shut down and tens of thousands of people take to the streets to watch parades (游行) .
Fire and Snow Festival
In mid-February every year, the Fire and Snow Festival lights the district of Kakunodate in Japan. Originally, this festival had its roots in a purification ceremony, when farming communities would try to rid the bad spirits. The festival is now more of a community event. A sweet cake is served up there. At the peak of the festival, participants light a basketball-sized rice straw ball that’s attached to a rope and keep it spinning above their heads.
Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival
Another fire celebration taking place in February is the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival in South Korea, which takes place on the island of Jeju. Although the festival is fairly new, having only been around for two decades, it goes back centuries to when local families would keep cows. To maintain the grass, farmers would set fire to the mountains to destroy old grass and kill harmful insects. Now, a hilltop is set a light to pray for health and a good harvest in the coming year — as well as a torchlight march, rock lifting, and a straw rope making competition.
1. Where is the bonfire capital of the world?
A. In Japan. B. In England.
C. In South Korea. D. In Central America.
2. What is the original purpose of the Fire and Snow Festival?
A. To drive away bad spirits. B. To celebrate a good harvest.
C. To get precious fire for farming. D. To promote different ballgames.
3. What do the last two festivals have in common?
A. Sweet cakes a reserved up there. B. There are insects producing light.
C. They are held in the same month. D. They feature various competitions.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个以火著称的节日的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Guy Fawkes Night部分的“The most famous fire ceremony of all happens in England. Guy Fawkes Night, also known as Bonfire Night, is held on November 5 and goes back all the way to 1605. The most famous and biggest celebration is in Lewes in Sussex, also known as the bonfire capital of the world.(最著名的篝火仪式发生在英国。盖伊·福克斯之夜，也被称为篝火之夜，在11月5日举行，可以追溯到1605年。最著名、规模最大的庆祝活动是在苏塞克斯郡的刘易斯，也被称为世界篝火之都)”可知，世界的篝火之都在英国。故选B。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fire and Snow Festival部分的“Originally, this festival had its roots in a purification ceremony, when farming communities would try to rid the bad spirits.(最初，这个节日起源于一个净化仪式，在这个仪式上，农业社区会试图赶走邪灵)”可知，这一节日的最初目的是为了驱赶邪灵。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fire and Snow Festival部分的“In mid-February every year, the Fire and Snow Festival lights the district of Kakunodate in Japan.(每年2月中旬，日本的角馆区都会举行“冰火节”)”和Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival部分的“Another fire celebration taking place in February is the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival in South Korea, which takes place on the island of Jeju.(另一个在2月举行的篝火庆祝活动是在韩国济州岛举行的正月祭)”可知，这两个节日的时间都是在二月份。故选C。
B
I did a crazy thing last weekend. I signed my family up for a six-mile hike out in the Yunmeng Mountains in Huairou District, Beijing.
Ever since we arrived in Beijing two years ago, my family has never walked around in any Beijing park for longer than two miles. I had signed up on Beijing Hikers’ hike several times before, but had always backed out at the last minute because of my son and husband’s protest. This time, I was not getting out of it!
When we woke up early on Saturday morning, it was raining cats and dogs. My husband turned to me and said, “Perfect hiking weather!”
But, I wasn’t backing down. If the other hikers thought that the weather was safe for hiking, then we were going! I did not regret even when our tour bus drove right into the heavy rain. Luckily, the rain stopped before we entered the mountains.
For the hike I had packed various snacks. When one treat stopped providing motivation for my 6-year-old son to put one foot in front of the other, I would turn to another to keep him moving. After I ran out of snacks, the guide cleverly asked him to look out for the red ribbons(丝带) that the Beijing Hikers use to mark the trail, and allowed him to collect them for her. This trick helped keep him moving for the first five miles of the well-kept road along the White River. However, the last mile was almost vertical(垂直的). While the kid had been moving like a snail for most of the walking part, he became a mountain goat when it came to the vertical climb. He actually led the group alongside the guide, leaving me and my husband far behind! We couldn’t even see him through the trees, and could only hear his merry voice carried by the wind.
Just then I turned to my husband and asked whether we would do it again. He replied, “I might feel much better if I were lying in bed dreaming about this hiking.”
4. What was the weather like early in the morning?
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. D. Windy.
5. Which worked the best to encourage the little child?
A. The snacks. B. The blue ribbons.
C. The easy hike. D. The difficult climb.
6. What did the author’s husband imply in the last paragraph?
A. He loved hiking in the rain. B. He was too sleepy to walk.
C. He preferred staying at home. D. He didn’t have the final say.
7. What can we know about the author according to the text?
A. She is romantic. B. She is determined.
C. She is humorous. D. She is good at scheduling.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家三口在北京爬云梦山的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When we woke up early on Saturday morning, it was raining cats and dogs. (星期六早上，当我们早早醒来时，雨下得很大。)”及第四段“I did not regret even when our tour bus drove right into the heavy rain. (即使我们的旅游巴士在大雨中行驶，我也毫不后悔。)”可知，当时正下着瓢泼大雨。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“While the kid had been moving like a snail for most of the walking part, he became a mountain goat when it came to the vertical climb. He actually led the group alongside the guide, leaving me and my husband far behind! We couldn’t even see him through the trees, and could only hear his merry voice carried by the wind. (虽然这个孩子在行走的大部分时间里都像蜗牛一样移动，但在垂直攀爬时，他变成了一只山羊。事实上，他和导游一起带领团队，把我和我丈夫远远甩在了后面！我们甚至无法透过树林看到他，只能听到风吹过他欢快的声音。)”可知，小家伙感到最刺激的是那陡峭的山路。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I might feel much better if I were lying in bed dreaming about this hiking. (如果我躺在床上梦想这次徒步旅行，我可能会感觉好多了。)”可推断，他更愿意宅在家中。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“I had signed up on Beijing Hikers’ hike several times before, but had always backed out at the last minute because of my son and husband’s protest. This time, I was not getting out of it! (我之前曾多次报名参加北京徒步旅行，但由于儿子和丈夫的抗议，我总是在最后一刻退出。这一次，我没有放弃！)”可知，作者的丈夫、儿子都对远足并不感兴趣，作者却是三番五次地安排，最后遇上大雨也不让步。由此可推断，她是一个意志坚定的人。故选B。
C
It’s late at night, the weather is bad, and you’re hungry. Your favorite restaurant is a mile away, but you don’t want to leave the house, and you don’t want to pay a $5 delivery fee and a tip for a $10 meal.
So, what can you do?
Back in the old days, you would have to go in the rain or learned to plan ahead. But those days are coming to an end, at least in Washington DC.
About 20 knee-high robots recently have appeared on the sidewalks of the nation’s capital, and they’re out to bring takeout food from restaurants to hungry customers at home—while keeping the delivery cost to just a dollar.
Each of the robots seems like a box on sixwheels, and drives at an average speed of 4 miles per hour. It has lights and a tall and bright orange flag to make it more noticeable on the sidewalk.
The robot relies on artificial intelligence technology that draws input from nine cameras, GPS and sensors. The cameras recognize a lot—including traffic lights, crosswalks and stop signs. If a robot finds itself in a situation it doesn’t understand, all the machine has to do is send a call for help. Then a human operator in a remote control center can look through the cameras and figure out the best action to take. That camera also provides security. If someone tries to steal the robot, for example, the cameras can photograph the thief.
Law-makers in Washington DC, Virginia, Florida and Idaho have already started to make such self-driving robots legal on the sidewalks. Other states have also expressed interest.
“Robots like these will complete deliveries that normally wouldn’t have been placed with the human-based delivery options of the past,” one of the law-makers says, “But we have to be sure that they are not going to put people out of jobs.”
8. How much should you pay for a $10 meal delivered by robots?
A. $10. B. $1l. C. $15. D. $17.
9. Which paragraph mainly focuses on the robots’ appearances?
A. Paragraph 3. B. Paragraph 4.
C. Paragraph 5. D. Paragraph 6.
10. What are the law-makers worried about?
A. The robots’ reliability. B. The safety of the passers-by.
C. The high delivery costs. D. The possible unemployment.
11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Technology. B. Advertisement.
C. Law. D. Politics.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近出现在华盛顿特区街头的智能“快递小哥”。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“while keeping the delivery cost to just a dollar.(同时把送货成本控制在一美元左右。)”可知，机器人送餐10美元，顾客只要支付10+1=11美金。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Each of the robots seems like a box on six wheels, and drives at an average speed of 4 miles per hour. It has lights and a tall and bright orange flag to make it more noticeable on the sidewalk.(每个机器人看起来都像一个装有六个轮子的盒子，以每小时4英里的平均速度行驶。它有灯和一个高而明亮的橙色旗帜，使它在人行道上更引人注目。)”可知，第5段主要讲的是机器人的外观。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“one of the law-makers says, “But we have to be sure that they are not going to put people out of jobs.”(一位立法者说：“但我们必须确保它们不会让人们失业。”)”可知，立法者担心的是送餐机器人可能带来的失业冲击。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了出现在华盛顿特区街头的智能送餐机器人。因此很可能会出现在“科技”版面。故选A。
D
You don’t need to be an expert to recognize luna moths (蚕蛾). They have hairy white bodies, red legs and huge green wings that stretch up to 4.5 inches across. And at the end of their wings are a pair of long tails that have attracted scientists for centuries.
Some of them theorized that it was possible that female moths judged the health and quality of a male by the size of his tails. But it turned out that female moths were not choosy at all. They just mate with the first males they could find. Others believed that the tails could increase luna moths’ size to make them harder for the bats-the main enemy of luna moths—to handle. But the theory proved wrong in 1903 when a scientist named Archibald Weeks put bats against a bigger species of moths that lacked tails. He found that the bats killed 66% of their targets. Luna moths, despite being smaller, were harder to catch. “Clearly, their tails provided an anti-bat advantage,” Weeks observed. “I think they were used to direct bats away from the moths’ body.”
He was roughly right. More than a century later, Jesse Barber from Boise State University put luna moths against bats in a dark room and filmed the hunting. Under normal circumstances, the bats only managed to catch 35% of the luna moths. But if Barber cut off their tails beforehand, the bats caught 81% of them. That was not because the moths became worse fliers—in fact, cutting the troublesome tails seemed to have improved their flying abilities.
Barber explained that bats were not visual hunters. They found their food with a special sound. To be protected from bats, luna moths needed something that made confusing sounds. That was what the luna moths’ tails did: As they flew, they waved behind them and produced sounds that were similar to their wing beats. To bats, they either sounded like a huge part of their target, or like an entirely different target. As a result, they aimed about half their attacks at the tails.
12. What is Arehibald Weeks’ important contribution?
A. He found that bats are the main enemy of luna moths.
B. He theorized that luna moths use their tails to confuse bats.
C. He proved that Juna moths’ size is important for their survival.
D. He observed that female moths prefer male moths with longer tails.
13. What can be learned about bats from Jesse Barber’s conclusion?
A. They are not visual hunters.
B. They usually hunt in the day.
C They like bigger species of moths.
D. They can fly further than luna moths.
14. What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Bats. B. Wings. C. Luna moths. D. Tail beats.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Who Is Right About Luna Moths’ Tails, Barber or Weeks?
B. How Do Bats Use Their Special Sounds to Search for Food?
C. Why Do Luna Moths Have Such Troublesome Long Tails?
D. What Are the Disadvantages for Luna Moths to Have Long Tails?
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了蚕蛾为什么会长出长尾巴。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““Clearly, their tails provided an anti-bat advantage,” Weeks observed. “I think they were used to direct bats away from the moths’ body.” (Weeks观察到：“显然，它们尾巴提供了反蝙蝠的优势，我认为它们被用来引导蝙蝠离开蚕蛾的身体。)”可知，Arehibald Weeks提出：蚕蛾用尾巴迷惑蝙蝠，引导蝙蝠远离自己，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Barber explained that bats were not visual hunters. (Barber解释说，蝙蝠不是视觉猎人。)”可知，Jesse Barber总结：蝙蝠不是视觉猎人。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“That was what the luna moths’ tails did: As they flew, they waved behind them and produced sounds that were similar to their wing beats. (那就是蚕蛾的尾巴所做的：当它们飞时，尾巴在它们身后挥舞，并发出类似于它们翅膀拍打的声音。)”可知，此处描述蚕蛾飞时，尾巴产生的声音。上下文内容一致，故推知they指代Tail beats，表示“尾巴拍打的声音”。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“You don’t need to be an expert to recognize luna moths (蚕蛾). They have hairy white bodies, red legs and huge green wings that stretch up to 4.5 inches across. And at the end of their wings are a pair of long tails that have attracted scientists for centuries. (你无需成为专家即可认出蚕蛾。它们有毛茸茸的白色身体，红色的腿和伸展到4.5英寸的巨大绿色翅膀。在它们的翅膀末端是一对长尾巴，几个世纪以来一直吸引着科学家。)”可知，文章主要讲述几个世纪以来一直吸引着科学家的蚕蛾的长尾巴之谜。故标题为Why Do Luna Moths Have Such Troublesome Long Tails? (为什么月蚕蛾会有这么麻烦的长尾巴？)，故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is so easy to just go home and shut your door without getting to know your neighbors. But being an active neighbor will turn your living place into a kinder and more caring neighborhood.
____16____ . You don’t have to show up with a fresh apple pie or anything like that. It’s truly as simple as saying hello, introducing yourself and asking a few open-ended questions. But they are the first step to becoming a kind neighbor.
Then get out of your comfort zone and make efforts to know more about your neighbors.____17____. And if you feel comfortable, let them know that you’re there to help, if they ever need another hand.
Another way to show your neighbors that you care is by making your small acts of kindness a regular practice. This can be cleaning up the litter or even cleaning up after the pets have made a mess on your block.____18____, you can ask your partner or kids to pick a bunch of flowers from the garden to give your new neighbor.____19____.
Remind yourself that being connected feels good and boosts your mood in the long run. If you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward.____20____. Challenging as they are, reaching out to your neighbors is worth the efforts.
A. Or if you have an amazing garden
B. Remember, every small gesture counts
C. If you want to be respected and cared by your neighbors
D. For example, ask for their names and learn what they do for work
E. Your attitudes towards your friends also set an example for your kids
F. It doesn’t take a lot of money or a generous gesture to be an active neighbor
G. In the end, more and more people in the neighborhood will feel much better
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了几个搞好邻里关系的金点子。
【16题详解】
空后说“You don’t have to show up with a fresh apple pie or anything like that. It’s truly as simple as saying hello, introducing yourself and asking a few open-ended questions.(你不需要带着新鲜的苹果派或类似的东西出现。这真的就像打个招呼，自我介绍，问几个开放式的问题一样简单。)”，说明要做好邻居不需要花太多钱，F选项“It doesn’t take a lot of money or a generous gesture to be an active neighbor(成为一个积极的邻居并不需要很多钱或慷慨的姿态)”说明了要当积极的邻居不需要花很多钱，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
空前说“Then get out of your comfort zone and make efforts to know more about your neighbors.(然后走出你的舒适区，努力多了解你的邻居。)”，说明要走出去和邻居交流，空后说“And if you feel comfortable, let them know that you’re there to help, if they ever need another hand.(如果你觉得舒服，让他们知道，如果他们需要帮助，你会在那里帮助他们。)”，说明要告诉邻居你可以为他们提供帮助，空格处应该也是关于跟邻居交流的，D选项“For example, ask for their names and learn what they do for work(例如，询问他们的名字，了解他们的工作)”说明了要跟邻居交流什么，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
空后说“you can ask your partner or kids to pick a bunch of flowers from the garden to give your new neighbor(你可以让你的伴侣或孩子从花园里摘一束花送给你的新邻居)”，要从花园里摘花送给邻居，前提是你要有花园，A选项“Or if you have an amazing garden(或者如果你有一个很棒的花园)”说明你如果有一个花园，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
本段主题句是“Another way to show your neighbors that you care is by making your small acts of kindness a regular practice.(另一种向邻居表达你关心的方式是把你的小善举作为一种经常的实践。)”，因此本段主要是关于做一些小事表示善意的，空前说“you can ask your partner or kids to pick a bunch of flowers from the garden to give your new neighbor(你可以让你的伴侣或孩子从花园里摘一束花送给你的新邻居)”，这也是关于为邻居做点小事表示善良的，空格处应该也会提到小小的礼貌或善意的举动，B选项“Remember, every small gesture counts(记住，每一个小举动都很重要)”再次强调小举动很重要，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
空前说“Remind yourself that being connected feels good and boosts your mood in the long run. If you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward.(提醒自己，保持联系的感觉很好，从长远来看会改善你的情绪。如果你迈出了第一步，你的小善举可以鼓励别人把你的善举传递出去。)”，说明的是你的小善举会对他人带来的好处，G选项“In the end, more and more people in the neighborhood will feel much better(最终，附近越来越多的人会感觉好多了)”接着上文，进一步说明了你的善举对他人的积极的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
Judy Burton’s hands keep shaking as she looks at what has been her third-floor apartment. She can____21____her clothes that still hang in the closet, through the building’s ____22____walls. Across the street, the ____23____where neighbors often met for lunch is lost in ruins, too. Hundreds of buildings are reduced to nothing and streets are littered with fallen ____24____and their branches.
Standing among the noise of heavy machines that are clearing the ruins, Judy is very worried about her ____25____neighbors. They’re feared among the dead, as they were probably____26____to escape in time.
On receiving the warning in the middle of the night, she took her dog and helped a neighbor to her basement ____27____. Down there, she watched the tornado____28____from the window and saw the buildings were leveled to their foundations in a few ____29____. At the very moment, she realized that she and her neighbors, who have survived would have nothing and ____30____to go in the morning.
____31____, she has found hope at a shelter. Donations have poured in. Volunteers from surrounding counties have come in hundreds. People from Mayfield take care of each other. “That is the spirit of my country. If you’re in a trouble, there’s always somebody going to____32____,” she said.
The destructive tornado cut a 3.2-kilometer-long____33____through Mayfield, killing 8 people and ____34____homes and businesses. It continued into the nearby counties. But no place saw more destruction than Mayfield, where hundreds of people were left ____35____ .
21. A. receive B. see C. show D. hide
22. A. damaged B. new C. high D. dry
23. A. office B. home C. restaurant D. shade
24. A. shops B. grasses C. bricks D. trees
25. A. unkind B. rich C. missing D. frightened
26. A. ready B. willing C. glad D. unable
27. A. impatiently B. immediately C. reliably D. carelessly
28. A. fly B. form C. approach D. disappear
29. A. months B. weeks C. days D. seconds
30. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere
31. A. Unluckily B. Recently C. Sincerely D. Fortunately
32. A. set off B. stop by C. run away D. pull through
33. A. highway B. neighborhood C. bank D. path
34. A. destroying B. cleaning C. running D. making
35. A. alone B. satisfied C. homeless D. impressed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一天深夜，龙卷风重创了Mayfield小镇，Judy Burton及其邻居原本担心会因此而流离失所。但是全国各地的人们很快就慷慨解囊，志愿者也迅速投人救援工作，帮助幸存者重建家园。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：透过这栋大楼受损的墙壁，她可以看到她仍然挂在衣橱里的衣服。A. receive收到；B. see看见；C. show展示；D. hide躲，藏。根据上文“as she looks at what has been her third-floor apartment(当她看着自己三楼的公寓时)”及下文描述的场景可知，这里是Judy Burton当时所看到的情景。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. damaged被损坏的；B. new新的；C. high高的；D. dry干的。结合语境可知，此处指墙被龙卷风摧毁了，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：街对面，邻居们经常聚在一起吃午饭的餐馆也变成了废墟。A. office办公室；B. home家；C. restaurant餐馆；D. shade阴凉处。根据“where neighbors often met for lunch”可知，邻居们经常聚餐的饭馆也成了一片废墟。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：数以百计的建筑物被夷为平地，街道上散落着倒下的树木和树枝。A. shops商店；B. grasses草地；C. bricks砖；D. trees树木。根据空后的“their branches”可知，地面上到处都是被风刮倒的大树及其残枝。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：站在清理废墟的重型机器发出的噪音中，Judy非常担心她失踪的邻居。A. unkind不友善的；B. rich富裕的；C. missing失踪的；D. frightened害怕的。根据“Judy is very worried about her”可知，Judy Burton非常担心那些失踪的邻居的安危，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他们可能无法及时逃脱，而且他们周围有死者的遗体，所以他们很害怕。A. ready准备好的；B. willing愿意的；C. glad高兴的；D. unable不能的。根据“They’re feared among the dead”可知，失踪的人可能无法及时脱险。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在半夜收到警告后，她立即带着她的狗，帮助邻居到她的地下室。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. immediately立即；C. reliably可靠地；D. carelessly粗心地。根据“On receiving the warning in the middle of the night”可知，收到警告后应是立即撤离，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她从窗口看到龙卷风逼近，看到建筑物在几秒钟内被夷为平地。A. fly飞；B. form形成；C. approach靠近；D. disappear消失。根据“saw the buildings were leveled to their foundations”可知，她在地下室的窗前眼睁睁地看着龙卷风逼近，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. months月份；B. weeks星期；C. days天；D. seconds秒。结合语境可知，龙卷风到来后，应是在几秒钟之内，眼前的建筑就变成了一片废墟。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，她意识到，她和幸存下来的邻居们早上将一无所有，无处可去。A. somewhere某地；B. nowhere无处；C. anywhere任何地方；D. everywhere每个地方。此处和“nothing”并列，龙卷风摧毁了一切，幸存下来的人一无所有，无处可去，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她在避难所里看到了希望。A. Unluckily不幸地；B. Recently最近；C. Sincerely真诚地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据“she has found hope at a shelter”可知，庆幸的是，她在避难所里看到了希望：人们踊跃捐款，大批的志愿者也投人紧急救援……故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“如果你遇到了麻烦，总会有人及时帮忙。”她说。A. set off动身；B. stop by顺便拜访；C. run away逃跑；D. pull through完成，渡过难关。结合语境可知，此处指一旦有难，总有人伸出援助之手，stop by原意为“顺便拜访”，这里被引申为“及时帮助”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场破坏性的龙卷风在Mayfield造成3.2公里长的小径，造成8人死亡，房屋和企业被毁。A. highway公路；B. neighborhood街区；C. bank银行；D. path小路。根据“3.2-kilometer-long”可知，此处指龙卷风在Mayfield留下了一道3.2公里长的小径，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. destroying摧毁，毁灭；B. cleaning清洁；C. running跑步；D. making制作。本空的逻辑主语是“The destructive tornado”，故指龙卷风摧毁了很多房屋和企业，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但没有一个地方比Mayfield遭受的破坏更严重，数百人无家可归。A. alone独自的；B. satisfied满意的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. impressed印象深刻的。上文提到龙卷风摧毁了很多房屋，所以它让数百人无家可归，故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I was____36____kid, if my dad threatened to take off his belt it only meant one thing: One of ____37____(we) was going to be punished. That’s ____38____I remember it and it has been years since I heard anyone use the phrase.
Until last weekend, I dined out at a restaurant with a few good ____39____(friend) and our children. Since my daughter was leaving the table ____40____(wander) around, her little friend, Ariana, was getting up to do the same. But ____41____(Ariana) father wanted her to sit and eat. When she refused, her father threatened to take off his belt. Naturally, I thought he was joking. To my surprise, he got up from the table and____42____(actual) slid his belt off with an angry look on his face.
“Right, that’ sit,” he said,____43____(fold) his belt over.
He went over and picked up his daughter, who burst into tears, and put her back into the chair. I was really worried that the kid was going to receive an unpleasant ____44____(punish) and wanted to protect the poor child. However, her father just used his belt to tie his daughter to these at. It was _____45_____funny that all of us laughed. After that, my daughter and her friend managed to sit quietly—at least for a little while.
【答案】36. a 37. us
38. how 39. friends
40. to wander
41 Ariana’s
42. actually
43. folding
44. punishment
45. so
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了有一位父亲在餐馆解下腰带。正当大家担心他要揍他到处走动女儿时，他却脑洞大开，把小家伙绑在了座位上的故事。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，如果我爸爸威胁要解开他的腰带，那只意味着一件事。根据句意可知，kid为可数名词，又因为该处表示泛指，结合kid为首音节辅音单词，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们中的一个要受到惩罚。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作of的宾语，故用宾格形式us。故填us。
【38题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：这就是我对它的记忆，我已经很多年没有听到任何人使用这个短语了。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个表语从句。结合句意“这就是我所记得的情况”表示方式，此处用连接副词how。故填how。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：直到上周末，我和几个好朋友以及我们的孩子在一家餐馆吃饭。friend为可数名词，根据空前的定语a few可知，此处用所给名词的复数。故填friends。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因为我的女儿离开桌子四处走动，她的小朋友阿利安娜也站了起来。分析该句成分可知，此处用所给动词的不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to wander。
【41题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：但阿利安娜的父亲想让她坐下来吃饭。根据句意可知，father与Ariana之间存在所属关系，故此处用所给名词的所有格形式。故填Ariana’s。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：令我惊讶的是，他从桌子旁站起来，一脸愤怒地把腰带脱了下来。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处修饰动词slid，作状语，故用所给形容词的副词形式actually。故填actually。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“好，那就坐下。”他说着，把皮带折了起来。分析该句成分可知，所填词与逻辑主语he存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用所给动词的现在分词形式表示主动，表示伴随动作。故填folding。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：我真的很担心这个孩子会受到不愉快的惩罚，我想保护这个可怜的孩子。根据该空前的冠词an可知，所填词为名词作receive的宾语，故用所给动词的名词形式punishment。故填punishment。
【45题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：这太有趣了，我们都笑了。分析句子可知，此处考查连词so...that...， 意为“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句。故填so。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你班在英语课上就“太空探索是浪费时间和金钱吗”这一话题进行讨论，请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：
1.你的观点；
2.给出理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Is Exploring Space a Waste of Time and Money?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Is Exploring Space a Waste of Time and Money?
Many countries in the world are spending plenty of time and money on space exploration. Some people argue that it is a waste of time and money and should be stopped. However, I think exploring space is definitely beneficial.
On the one hand, space exploration has promoted technological advancements, which can improve the quality of our life. On the other hand, space exploration enables us to witness the beauty and magic of nature and urges us to live in harmony with nature.
Therefore, it’s necessary to carry on with space exploration, which can provide us with various benefits.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“太空探索是浪费时间和金钱吗”这一话题写一篇发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
大量的：plenty of→a great deal of
然而：however→nevertheless
因此：therefore→as a result
提供：provide→offer
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On the other hand, space exploration enables us to witness the beauty and magic of nature and urges us to live in harmony with nature.
拓展句：On the other hand, space exploration enables us to witness the beauty and magic of nature, with which it urges us to live in harmony.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Some people argue that it is a waste of time and money and should be stopped.（运用that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】On the one hand, space exploration has promoted technological advancements, which can improve the quality of our life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ve lived in my new house for a week. It wasn’t easy to separate from my husband and uproot the kids from the home they ever knew. I was hoping I had picked a good place to be our new home.
Two days ago, I heard a new noise in the woods behind my house. I announced I’d explore the woods. My daughter joined me. My son was busy showing his toys to his grandfather, who came to check on his daughter.
My daughter and I walked straight into the woods, paying no attention to landmarks. Without difficulty, we found the trail and one of the most wonderful trees on Earth. My daughter immediately climbed it and declared, “This is the fairy tree!”
We heard the sound of children. My daughter looked excided. We followed the path and popped out on the other side of the natural area. There were three boys on bikes on the street, but they ran away quickly.
My daughter was disappointed but didn’t let it bring her down. As were-entered the woods, she found a clearing with some fallen trees and declared it the “play area”.
We kept going. Soon, I realized we were back on our side of the natural area, but we couldn’t find the path back to our house. Using my phone’s GPS, I pointed us in the direction of our house. We climbed through the brushes, snapping(折断) dry branches to make our way.
“Are we lost?” my daughter asked.
“Yes. I see where our house is, but I’m not sure of the best way to get back” I admitted.
So brave, she led the way through the thick, unmaintained forest.
“I wish it was night so the stars could guide us home,” she said.
After a particularly difficult climb through a series of bushes, we popped out into a backyard two doors down from our house.
My dad and my son were standing in the yard, looking for us. My daughter excitedly shared her adventure with her brother. He began to weep with jealousy(嫉妒), and we promised to take him to explore the woods the next morning.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That night, my dad and I were sitting outside when my daughter came out with a box of cookies.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, my daughter ate her breakfast and put on her boots.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
That night, my dad and I were sitting outside when my daughter came out with a box of cookies. She ate a few and pointed to the stars, saying how we would have be enable to follow them home from the forest. She stood and yawned, saying she was ready to sleep. She kissed my dad on the cheek and came to kiss me. Then she whispered in m year, “I had so much fun with you in our woods today.” She went to bed.
Then next day, my daughter ate her breakfast and put on her boots. She packed a backpack with a water bottle and snacks and brought her brother into the backyard. We marked the way with red ribbons and ran through the woods happily, easily finding our way home following our ribbon trail. We came inside, full of fresh air, and both kids fell asleep within minutes, I made a cup of coffee and walked outside, looking at the stars in the sky. I knew I had found a perfect house—our new home, with our new woods to explore.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和两个孩子在新房子附近发现一片新森林，并且一起去探索的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，我和爸爸坐在外面，女儿拿着一盒饼干走了出来。”可知，第一段可描写女儿和我们交流互动的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我女儿吃完早餐，穿上靴子。”可知，第二段可描写作者带两个孩子一起探索新森林的过程。
2.续写线索：女儿走了出来——女儿对我们说的话——女儿回去睡觉——女儿吃完早餐，穿上靴子——作者带两个孩子一起探索新森林——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①能够做某事：be enable to do/ be capable of doing sth /enable to do sth
②低声说：whispered /said in a low voice
③进来：came inside/got in
情绪类
①愉快地：happily / merrily / enjoyably
②玩得开心：had fun /had a good time
【点睛】[高分句型1] She ate a few and pointed to the stars, saying how we would have be enable to follow them home from the forest.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语和how引导的宾语从句。）
[高分句型2] I knew I had found a perfect house—our new home, with our new woods to explore.（运用了省略从属连词that引导的宾语从句。）
[高分句型3] We marked the way with red ribbons and ran through the woods happily, easily finding our way home following our ribbon trail.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词状语。）