2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型分类练七主旨大意题__标题归纳类

阅读理解题型分类练(七)　主旨大意题——标题归纳类

A

[2022·高三湖北十一校第一次联考]

As 16­year­old Torri'ell Norwood drove through Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached an intersection, another car crashed them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.

As smoke rose from the car, a bystander shouted, “It's about to blow up! Get out！” Shaken but OK, Norwood crawled out through the window as the driver's side door couldn't be opened.Along with two of her friends，who'd also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life. But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn't with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. After checking her pulse and found there was no sign of life, she started CPR.

Had the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But just the day before, Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate by learning on her own. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she'd learned.

She started pumping Simmons's chest with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend's mouth in the hope of filling her lungs with the kiss of life.After quite a while, Simmons began coughing and taking quick deep breaths for air. The CPR had worked! Soon, the ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I am not shocked，” Simmons told others. “She will always help any way she can.”

1．What caused the car crash?

A．Another car hit Norwood's car near the intersection.

B．Norwood drove the car too quickly that day.

C．Norwood's car crashed into a tree in a yard.

D．The girls were too excited to notice another car.

2．What was Norwood's immediate reaction after hearing the bystander's warning?

A．She crawled out through the window and ran without stopping.

B．She dragged her friends out and performed CPR at once.

C．She ran for her life but turned back to save her friend.

D．She opened the driver's side door and pulled her friend out.

3．Why did Norwood know how to perform CPR?

A.She had learned CPR in school classes.

B．She pursued a career in medicine.

C．The bystander told her how to do it.

D．She just earned her CPR certificate.

4．What's the best title of the passage?

A．The Breath of Life

B．A Frightening Night

C．Power of Knowledge

D．An Admirable Girl

B

[2022·甘肃省第二次高考诊断考试]

Going to sleep at a certain time is associated with a lower risk of developing heart disease, according to researchers. In a study published in the EuropeanHeartJournal, a team found that going to sleep between 10：00 pm and 11：00 pm was beneficial compared to earlier or later bedtime.The research included 88，026 participants in the UK.

An analysis found that sleep onset time of 10：00 pm to 10：59 pm was associated with the lowest incidence of heart disease. There was a 25% higher risk of heart disease with the sleep onset at midnight or later, a 12% greater risk for 11：00 pm to 11：59 pm and a 24% higher risk for falling asleep before 10：00 pm compared to the sleep onset from 10：00 pm to 10：59 pm.

“The body has a 24­hour internal clock that helps adjust physical and mental functioning，” study author David of the University of Exeter said in a statement.“While we cannot conclude it from our study, the results suggest that early or late bedtime may be more likely to destroy the body clock.” “While the findings do not show the conclusion, sleep timing has appeared as a potential heart disease risk factor—independent of other risk factors. If our findings are proved in other studies, sleep timing and basic sleep health could be a low­cost public health target for lowering the risk of heart disease，” David added.

5．Which is the best time for sleep?

A．8：40 pm.    B．9：50 pm.

C．10：45 pm.    D．11：10 pm.

6．How is Paragraph 2 organized?

A．By giving some data.

B．By raising a question.

C．By giving an example.

D．By following the time order.

7．What can be learned from David's words?

A．Sleep too early will surely cause heart disease.

B．Sleep timing is a possible heart disease risk factor.

C．Sleep timing is a risk factor related to other factors.

D．Sleeping before eight will not damage your body clock.

8．What is the best title for the text?

A．Body Clocks Make a Difference to Sleep

B．Sleeping Late Is Not Harmful to Heart Health

C.Sleep Timing Has an Effect on Heart Disease

D.Earlier Bedtime Is More Beneficial than Later One

C

[2022·云南省第一次高三复习统一检测]

Slurp & Sip is a cheerful bistro (小餐馆) in Shanghai that specializes in southwestern food from Yunnan Province.

Niu Yun, who hails from Kunming, Yunnan Province, opened her first eatery in 2014 after studying in London.

“At that time there weren't many choices for Yunnan food, and I think the province has so much tasty food and such a diverse food culture that I could bring to Shanghai，” she said. “After meeting a few good friends who also love Yunnan cuisine, we decided to open a simple Yunnan eatery focusing on street food to start with, introducing Yunnan rice noodles and street snacks I used to buy every day after school.”

Opening this new restaurant after operating Slurp for a few years is a natural step for Niu Yun and her partners. The menu of Slurp & Sip pays homage (致敬) to Niu's origins with a major focus on Dai flavors.

“My mum is Dai, and I remember every time she brought me back to her hometown the food really made a strong impression. From how they cook, the ingredients they use to the presentation, all are very special to me. Dai food is all about fresh and mixed ingredients, as well as natural and original ways of cooking，” she said.

“I feel local diners shouldn't only know about cross­bridge rice noodles and steampot chicken when we talk about Yunnan food. We have such a diverse culture with so many different minorities, so I decided to start with the one I'm the most connected with，” she added.

Dai cuisine is characterized by a combination of fresh herbs, chilis and acidic elements. It incorporates lots of great produce from the province's southernmost prefecture.

Dai food is also full of barbecue items often seen in night markets, such as roasted lemongrass stuffed fish, roasted chicken and roasted pork with Dai spices, all of which grace Slurp & Sip's menu.

9．What motivated Niu Yun to focus on Dai flavors?

A．Her education.    B．Her family.

C．Her origins.    D．Her friends.

10．How does Niu Yun feel about Yunnan food?

A．It's delicious and popular.

B．It's natural and organic.

C．It's fresh and nutritious.

D．It's varied and diverse.

11．What can be said about Slurp & Sip?

A．It's influenced by night market atmosphere.

B．It combines Southeastern Asian flavors.

C．It offers roasted items with Dai spices.

D．It represents authentic Kunming food.

12．What is the best title for the text?

A．Try the Ethnic Dai Food from Yunnan

B．An Overseas Returnee's New Career

C．Slurp & Sip Is Back Here with Its Legend

D．Explore China with Food and Drinks

阅读理解题型分类练(七)

A

语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——心肺复苏术挽救了女孩的生命

【语篇解读】　Torri'ell Norwood开车时遭遇车祸，车里有三人顺利逃生。当发现好朋友Simmons还在车上时，Norwood返回车内救出了昏迷的她，并对她做心肺复苏术。Simmons最终得救了。

1．答案与解析：A　理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“As they approached... crashed into a tree”可知，Norwood的车被另一辆车撞了，因此才发生了车祸。

2．答案与解析：C　理解具体信息。根据第二段中的“she ran for her life”可知，在听到警告后，她拼命逃走；再根据第二段中的“Norwood ran back... started CPR”可知，在意识到Simmons没有和她们一起出来后，Norwood返回车内，救Simmons出来。故C项正确。

3．答案与解析：D　理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“Norwood... her CPR certificate”可知，她刚刚获得了心肺复苏术证书，故D项正确。

4．答案与解析：A　理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Norwood在遭遇车祸逃生后，又返回去用刚学会的心肺复苏术救了朋友的生命。故A项最适合作本文标题。

B

语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——健康生活——特定时间休息可降低患心脏病风险

【语篇解读】　研究发现，在晚上10点到10点59分之间睡觉可以最大限度地降低患心脏病的风险，早睡或者晚睡都会破坏生物钟。所以睡眠时间和基本的睡眠健康可以以低成本降低患心脏病的风险。

5．答案与解析：C　理解具体信息。根据第一段的“In a study published... or later bedtime”可知，晚上10点到11点之间入睡对身体最有益。

6．答案与解析：A　理解写作手法。根据第二段的“There was a．.. from 10：00 pm to 10：59 pm”可知，与晚上10点至10点59分入睡相比，午夜或更晚入睡的人患心脏病的风险增加25%，晚上11点至11点59分入睡的人患心脏病的风险增加12%，晚上10点之前入睡的人患心脏病的风险增加24%。由此可知，该段主要使用了列举数据的写作手法。

7．答案与解析：B　理解具体信息。根据第三段中David所说的话“While the findings... other risk factors”可知，虽然研究结果没有得出结论，但睡眠时间已被视为一种潜在的心脏病风险因素，与其他风险因素无关。由此可知，睡眠时间可能是心脏病风险因素。

8．答案与解析：C　理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项新发现：在晚上10点到10点59分之间睡觉可以最大限度地降低患心脏病的风险。故C项最适合作本文标题。

C

语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——文化与传统——上海一家傣族风味餐馆

【语篇解读】　来自云南昆明的牛云从伦敦留学回来后在上海开了一家名为Slurp的餐馆，经营几年后她又开了一家名为Slurp & Sip的小餐馆。本文详细讲述了她开餐馆的相关情况。

9．答案与解析：C　理解具体信息。根据第四段最后一句“The menu of... on Dai flavors”可知，牛云的出身促使她专注于傣族风味。

10．答案与解析：D　理解具体信息。根据第三段第一句中的“I think the province has... bring to Shanghai”可知，牛云认为，云南的食物风格多样。

11．答案与解析：C　理解具体信息。根据本文尾段“Dai food is also full of... which grace Slurp & Sip's menu”可知，Slurp & Sip提供有傣族风味的烧烤食物。

12．答案与解析：A　理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了来自昆明的牛云在上海开餐馆的故事，该餐馆主要经营云南傣族风味食物。据此可知，A项最适合作本文标题。