2022-2023学年福建省三明市五县联合质检高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省三明市五县联合质检高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共33页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， A 9等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2022—2023学年第二学期五县联合质检考试
高一英语试卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers looking at?
A. A kite. B. A bird. C. A model plane.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Look at the sky. Do you see that white paper kite?
W: No, that’s not a kite. That’s a big bird. But people sometimes fly kites or model planes here.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the artist live now according to the man?
A. In America. B. In Australia. C. In Japan.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you still have that artist friend who lives in America?
M: No, he left to go travelling around Australia. I think he ended up living in Japan.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the speakers cross the river?
A. By boat. B. By swimming. C. By crossing the bridge.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How are we going to cross the river? It looks too strong to swim.
M: And we don’t have a boat. There is a bridge a mile north. We should head there.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man growing in his greenhouse now?
A. Tomatoes. B. Lemons. C. Apples.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you growing in your greenhouse?
M: At the moment, big tomatoes. But I’m going to buy a small lemon tree and if they grow, I’ll try apples next.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Policewoman and driver. C. Coach and racing driver.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I see your driver’s license? You were driving fast, like a racing driver.
M: I was in a hurry. My teacher is expecting me.
W: You have to follow the law. Next time, I’ll have to give you a ticket.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分）
听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. Who was the man with at the mall?
A. Jane. B. Tracy. C. Josh.
7. How long did the woman’s hair appointment last?
A. 1.5 hours. B. 2 hours. C. 3 hours.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I saw you at the mall yesterday. You were with Jane. I thought you were going with Tracy.
M: What time did you see me? I was there, but I wasn’t with either of them.
W: I had a hair appointment at 2 pm. It took 90 minutes, so I left around 3:30. That’s when I saw you.
M: Ah, no, that was my cousin Josh you saw. I bumped into him there. He has long hair so he looks like a girl from behind.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8 What does the man want to be now?
A. A policeman. B. A teacher. C. A runner.
9. Why doesn’t the man think he’d be a good teacher?
A. He is too shy. B. He is not patient. C. He is not intelligent.
10. What will the speakers do first?
A. Go for a run.
B. Check the man’s grades.
C. Fill out an application form.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you know what you want to do later in life?
M: I thought about being a teacher, but now I’d like to be a policeman.
W: What made you change your mind?
M: I like my teachers. They are intelligent. But I just don’t think I’d be a good one. I’m not patient enough.
W: What makes you suitable for the police?
M: I’m an athlete. I can run after people and catch them.
W: Well, first we should see if you have the grades to get into the police. If you do, we can fill out an application form.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. What colour chair does the woman want?
A. Brown. B. Black. C. White.
12. Which country does the seat cover come from?
A. Germany. B. Italy. C. England.
13. What time is the delivery arranged for?
A. 9 am. B. 1 pm. C. 2 pm.
【答案】11 A 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m looking to buy a comfortable chair for my father. He has a very bad back.
M: Well, we have a number of chairs. These ones are made of the strongest trees of the German forests. The cover is real Italian, very soft.
W: Your chairs have travelled more than me. I’ve never left England.
M: It comes in white, black, and brown.
W: Brown. It’s replacing an existing one of the same colour.
M: And when would you like it delivered?
W: What is the earliest you can do?
M: We could do on Friday at 2 pm, or Monday at 9 am.
W: Can you deliver at the weekend?
M: I’m afraid not.
W: I think Friday will be better for me. I’ll finish work at 1 pm so it should be okay.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. What is the man’s personal best?
A. 9.9 seconds. B. 9.7 seconds. C. 9.58 seconds.
15. Which event is the man most excited for?
A. European Championship. B. All-American Games. C. Olympic Games.
16. Who is the man?
A. An athlete. B. A doctor. C. A coach.
17. What advice does the man offer?
A. Staying true to yourself.
B. Working hard to be famous.
C. Trying to earn lots of money.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. A
【解析】
【原文】W: You ran the 100 meters in 9.9 seconds. That is quite an achievement.
M: It is, but my personal best is 9.7 seconds. The world record is 9.58 seconds. I want to beat it.
W: Do you worry that you might injure yourself if you push too hard?
M: No, I have the best coach, we have a medical team with the best doctors, and they keep an eye on my health.
W: You have the All-American Games in March, the European Championship in May and the Olympics in Japan in July. Which one are you most looking forward to?
M: It has to be the Olympics. But as an athlete, I want to win them all.
W: And do you have any words of inspiration for your millions of fans?
M: Be real to yourself. Don’t do things for money, or for fame. Do it for yourself.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18. Who designed Big Ben?
A. Queen Elizabeth. B. Benjamin Hall. C. Augustus Pugin.
19. How many steps are there in the tower?
A. 150. B. 334. C. 433.
20. Why was the tower closed?
A. To make repairs.
B To mark Queen Elizabeth’s ruling.
C. To welcome the Olympic Games.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Big Ben is the name of the large bell inside the Elizabeth Tower in London, England. The tower was originally called Clock Tower but the name was changed in 2012, named after Queen Elizabeth II to mark 60 years of her being the ruler. Big Ben and its tower are over 150 years old, and it is one of the most famous sites in the British capital city. It was designed by architect Augustus Pugin and built in 1859. It is 96 meters tall, and has 334 steps from the ground to the top. It is believed the bell is named after engineer Benjamin Hall, who was in charge of the construction. In 2012 Big Ben could be heard 30 times welcoming the 30th Olympic Games to London. The tower was closed in 2017 in order for a number of repairs to be made.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am



21. What would you do to get ticket information?

A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink .com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A. 6:42 pm. B. 7:29 pm. C. 8:57 pm. D. 11:02 pm.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。
B
In 2012, an iPhone fell into my hands. This smart technology seemed like the entrance to only fun and positive things like chatting with friends and blogging.
However, many years later, I became limited to it. Recent reports show that I’m not alone. According to a study, an average American spends five hours a day on smart devices (装置) and about 2.5 of these hours are spent on messaging, social media and entertainment apps. 
It’s hard to explain when the love and joy I felt for my iPhone turned into dependency. I fell asleep to my phone every night and woke to it each morning. I checked the weather app every morning before I chose how to dress for the day. I used it to help me find my way through a city. I checked my email box every time I picked my phone up.
Just like with any addiction, my phone dependency began to influence my life. While spending time with family, I’d stare at a small screen on my lap instead of being involved in communicating with my loved ones. At work, my productivity levels dropped. And then, my four-year relationship came to an end. Eventually, I was left with years of memories and a mobile phone that couldn’t provide enjoyable company across a dinner table and share in the joys of experiencing a concert.
Now, I move through life with more goals and intention. I’ve cut back on my time and attention to my phone. Instead, I focus my efforts on being as present as possible. Truly training the mind to stay present is a long and challenging road, but it’s important to start somewhere.
I hope you’ll take a deep look at your own phone habits and reevaluate (再度评估) how important a role you are letting it play in your life. Whether or not you’ve reached a place in your life where your screen time is problematic, there’s no harm in carefully giving your current practices some thought.
24. What does the author mean by saying “I’m not alone” in Paragraph 2?
A. He takes his iPhone for company.
B. He has many friends around him.
C. There’re many Americans like him.
D. Blogging brings him great pleasure.
25. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. The author was quite confused about some apps.
B. The author became hopelessly addicted to his iPhone.
C. The author was afraid of spending time on his iPhone.
D. The author never dressed himself according to the weather.
26. What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on?
A. Why the author’s work efficiency dropped.
B. Why the author finally had phone dependency.
C. How the author bravely corrected his mistakes.
D. How the author’s life was negatively affected.
27. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A. Persuade people to live a no-phone life.
B. Advise people to use their phones reasonably.
C. Inspire people to reconsider their roles in life.
D. Encourage people to spare their time for work.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者是如何对智能手机上瘾，智能手机如何影响了自己的生活，以及作者现在戒掉手机瘾过上了正常的生活的经历。告诫读者重新审视一下自己使用手机的习惯，重新评估一下它在生活中扮演的角色。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“According to a study, the average American spends five hours a day on smart devices (装置) and about 2.5 of those hours are spent on social, messaging, media and entertainment apps.”可知，根据一项研究，美国人平均每天花5个小时在智能设备上，其中大约2.5个小时花在社交、信息、媒体和娱乐应用上。由此判断出作者在第二段通过下划线说“我不是一个人”的意思是有很多像他一样的美国人。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It’s hard to explain when the love and joy I felt for my iPhone turned into a dependency...”可知， 作者对手机产生了依赖，在后面句子中详细地从睡眠、天气、导行、更新信息这几个方面说明作者无助地深陷智能手机之中。所以从第3段可知，作者对他的手机上瘾了。故选B项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“While spending time with family, I’d stare into a small screen on my lap instead of being involved in communicating with my loved ones. At work, my productivity levels dropped. And then, my four-year relationship came to an end.” 可知，和家人在一起的时候，我会盯着手机屏幕看，却不和我爱的人交流。在工作中，我的工作效率性在下降。然后，四年的恋爱关系宣告结束。所以第4段主要关注作者的生活受到了怎样的负面影响。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I hope you’ll take a deep look at your own phone habits and reevaluate how important a role you are letting it play in your life.”可知，我希望你重新审视一下自己使用手机的习惯，重新评估一下它在你生活中扮演的角色。由此判断出，作者在最后一段建议人们合理使用手机。故选B项。
C
Music has been around since the first man walked on the Earth. Every beat or sound our ancestors heard was in some way a kind of music. Dating back to the early age, music would have been something as simple as the sound of the sea wave, or a wild animal running across the plain. Today’s music is so varied that almost every child or teenager has a long list of favorite songs that they like to listen to on their smartphone or other devices.
But even with such a large variety of music forms today, I’m sure the traditionalists wouldn’t agree with what today’s youngsters refer to as good music. Nowadays, young people are looking to discover the latest “in music”. This is the sort of music that is able to make everyone feel great at the moment but soon forgotten once something better comes along.
For me, I’m truly in love with rock music. Rock is a hugely misunderstood type, with many people simply connecting it with negative social problems such as drugs and overdrinking, given that some of the world’s most famous rock stars have been in the press for their frightening behaviors under the influence of beers or wines. However, it is important to tell the difference between artists and their music, and not make unnecessary judgments about the music just because of the behavior of the musician.
Another widely misunderstood belief is that rock music is only about drums and guitars, when that is just its outward face. A wide variety of other instruments are important to rock, and make an important contribution to the sound of the music as a whole, other than just guitars and drums.
28. Why does the author mention the nature sound in paragraph 1?
A. To show the simplicity of early music. B. To present the variety of early music.
C. To indicate the history of music. D. To promote people’s love of nature.
29. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. Music changes over time. B. Music comes in various forms.
C. “In music” challenges the traditionalists. D. Opinions are divided on music preference.
30. Why is rock music often misunderstood?
A. Media only reports musicians negatively. B. Some rock stars behave improperly.
C. Rock expresses drugs and overdrinking. D. Music instruments of rock are traditional.
31. What does the author want to express in general?
A. Every teenager has their own favorite songs. B. Traditional music can easily be forgotten.
C. Music should be judged fairly. D. Drums and guitars stand for rock music.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，指出当代年轻人与传统主义者所喜欢的音乐不同，以及摇滚乐被误解的两大方面并对此加以澄清。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句“Dating back to the early age, music would have been something as simple as the sound of the sea wave, or a wild animal running across the plain.”(早期音乐十分简单，如海浪声或是野生动物在平原上奔跑的声音。)可知，提到自然声音用于举例说明早期音乐的简单质朴。故选A项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“But even with such a large variety of music forms today, I’m sure the traditionalists wouldn’t agree with what today’s youngsters refer to as good music. Nowadays, young people are looking to discover the latest “in music”. This is the sort of music that is able to make everyone feel great at the moment but soon forgotten once something better comes along.”(但即使今天有如此多样的音乐形式，我相信传统主义者也不会认可当下年轻人所说的好音乐。如今，年轻人追求最新的“流行音乐”。这种音乐能够让每个人此刻都感觉很棒，但一旦有更好的东西出现，很快就会被忘记。)可知，该段主要讲的是当下年轻人与传统主义者音乐喜好偏向的不同，许多年轻人更喜欢流行音乐，而传统主义者不认可这些年轻人所认为的好音乐。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Rock is a hugely misunderstood type, with many people simply connecting it with negative social problems such as drugs and overdrinking, given that some of the world’s most famous rock stars have been in the press for their frightening behaviors under the influence of beers or wines.”(摇滚是最受人误解的音乐，许多人只是单纯把摇滚与诸如吸毒和酗酒等负面社会问题联系在一起，这是因为世界上一些最著名的摇滚明星曾在啤酒或葡萄酒影响下做出了可怕的行为，被媒体报道。)可知，摇滚乐常常遭人误解是由某些摇滚明星的不当行为导致的。故选B项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍早期音乐的形式；第二段谈论当下年轻人与传统主义者的不同音乐偏向；最后两段谈论人们对摇滚乐的两大误解，并表明自己的观点：“However, it is important to tell the difference between artists and their music, and not make unnecessary judgments about the music just because of the behavior of the musician.”(然而，重要的是要区分艺术家和他们的音乐之间的差异，不要仅仅因为音乐家的行为就对音乐做出不必要的判断。)即不要对音乐做出不必要的判断，这段话出自第三段的最后一句。所以，本文作者主要想表达的是要公正评判音乐。故选C项。
D
Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.
Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.
But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.
32. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?
A. Its business culture.
B. Its small population.
C. Its geographical position.
D. Its favourable climate.
33. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?
A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.
B. One out of five people got rich.
C. Almost everyone gave up.
D. Half of them died.
34. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?
A. They found the city too crowded.
B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.
C. They were unable to stand the winter.
D. They were short of food.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. The rise and fall of a city.
B. The gold rush in Canada.
C. Journeys into the wilderness.
D. Tourism in Dawson.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Dawson这座城市的发展原因、过程与现状。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.可知，人们选择在河边或港口设城是因为交通方便，便于做生意。而纽约就是在哈德森河口附近的一个大港口，故纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正确。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.可知，在最初挖黄金的两万人中有4000人变富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了，故B正确。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.可知，人们离开Dawson的主要原因是听说在Alaska发现了黄金，也就是他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会。故B正确。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，引出Dawson这一城市的兴起，第二段介绍了该城市兴起的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，所以全文围绕Dawson这个城市的发展起伏。故A正确。
【点睛】主旨大意题的解题技巧：一篇文章都是围绕着一个中心思想或一个话题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕Dawson的发展展开，Dawson反复出现，再根据每一段的段首句可以总结出，文章第一段通过城市发展的原因引出Dawson，第二段介绍Dawson发展的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，从而总结出文章的主旨大意。
第二节（共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to mend a broken friendship? It may be hard, but fixing a broken friendship will make it even stronger than before. Here are some tips that will be useful.
Be the one to reach out before the other.
____36____Let it be you this time. It will show them that you want to be friends again, and you’re serious about resolving things. Think about how you can reach them. Depending on the person and the severity of your argument, you may need to try a few different ways to get in touch.
____37____
If your friend refuses to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn’t an option, you may want to just back off for a while. Your friend wants space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say. Don’t push your friend if it’s clear they want space. It will only upset them and make them frustrated with you.
Talk about the problem honestly and openly.
Explain what you feel is the problem and be honest about it. Then ask them to do the same. Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don’t interrupt them.____38____
Apologize to them and accept their apology.
Even if you didn’t do anything and you believe the situation is their fault, opening with an apology sets the tone. You could say “I’m really sorry things have gotten to this point. I want things to be better between us.” If you did wrong them in some way, apologize to them sincerely.____39____
Avoid restarting an argument.
It’s important that you don’t say or do anything hurtful during this conversation.____40____so do your best to keep things peaceful. If things get heated, don’t allow them to escalate.
A. Let go of your anger or frustration.
B. Respect your friend’s need for space.
C. If they apologize to you, accept their apology.
D. Come up with a plan for rebuilding the friendship.
E. Argument will only further damage the friendship and make things worse.
F. If you aren’t talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move.
G. This way you both get to tell your side of the story and get everything out on the table.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. G 39. C 40. E
【解析】
导语】

【36题详解】
根据小标题“Be the one to reach out before the other.（成为先于另一个伸出友谊至之手的人。）”和下文“Let it be you this time. （这次就交给你吧。）”可知，这一段的建议是做一个先去和对方接触，交朋友的人，横线处要和这个建议相关，F选项“If you aren’t talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move.（如果您不互相交谈，则必须有人迈出第一步。）”和后文let it be you相承接，符合语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
横线处为这一段的小标题，由第三段“If your friend refuses to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn’t an option, you may want to just back off for a while. Your friend wants space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say. Don’t push your friend if it’s clear they want space. It will only upset them and make them frustrated with you.（如果你的朋友拒绝见你或和你说话，或者亲自拜访他们不是一种选择，你可能想退后一段时间。你的朋友想要空间，这应该得到尊重。利用时间反思情况并准备你想说的话。如果很明显他们想要空间，不要强迫你的朋友。这只会让他们心烦意乱，让他们对你感到沮丧。）”可知，在朋友不想交流时，要给对方想要的空间，所以这一条建议应该与尊重对方，给对方相应的空间有关，B选项符合语境。故选B。
【38题详解】
由小标题“Talk about the problem honestly and openly.（开诚布公地谈论问题。）”和上文“Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don’t interrupt them（让他们聊多久就聊多久。真正倾听，不要打断他们。）”可知，横线处要与这条建议相关同时能够承接上文，G选项的 this way对应上文的认真聆听，不打断谈话相匹配。故选G。
【39题详解】
由小标题“Apologize to them and accept their apology.（向他们道歉并接受他们的道歉。）”和上文“If you did wrong them in some way, apologize to them sincerely.（如果您在某些方面做错了，请真诚地向他们道歉。）”可知，横线处的句子要与接受别人的道歉相关。C选项符合语境。故选C。
【40题详解】
根据小标题“Avoid restarting an argument.（避免重新引发争论。）”和上文“It’s important that you don’t say or do anything hurtful during this conversation.（在这次谈话中不要说或做任何伤害性的事情，这一点很重要）”以及下文“so do your best to keep things peaceful.（所以尽你所能保持和平。）”可知，横线处的句子要承上启下且和避免争吵的主题相关，E选项符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As the foreign English teacher at my school in Japan, I had a weekly English music broadcast of different English songs. I tried to get the students to ____41____ songs to me for the broadcast. At the broadcast, I usually announced who recommended the song and then ____42____ it for everyone to hear during lunch time. I gave everyone an opportunity to share themselves through their music, including one ____43____ student of mine. This student constantly got into fights with the other students and ____44____ the energy of the class. But I knew that he just needed a ____45____, or at least someone he could connect with.
I could ____46____ he was warming up to me over the last year. I told him to think of a song he liked and that I would play it on the broadcast for him. He ____47____ introduced a song, which I really liked so I put it on the broadcast and made sure to announce his____48____ , so everyone knew that he contributed such a great song.
Needless to say, the boy was ____49____, and he’s been much happier and more focused in English class ever since. While everyone else ______50______ him and pushed him away, I saw right through his behaviour and knew that he just needed someone who acknowledged him and gave him a chance. There’s still a language ______51______ between us, but words aren’t needed, we can always sense when we’re at one with someone. He recently walked by me and gave me the most sincere ______52______ that I’ve ever seen. My ______53______ turned to me and said “I’ve never seen him smile like that before. How did you ______54______ it?” “I gave him a______55______ ,” I said, “through just one song.”
41. A. sing B. recommend C. record D. create
42. A. played B. performed C. introduced D. practiced
43. A. clever B. tough C. honest D. active
44. A. cut down B. broke down C. turned down D. brought down
45. A. parent B. classmate C. friend D. teacher
46. A. tell B. admit C. remember D. predict
47. A. obviously B. absolutely C. regularly D. eventually
48. A. class B. name C. family D. hobby
49. A. scared B. powerful C. thrilled D. disappointed
50. A. accepted B. inspired C. attacked D. misunderstood
51. A. barrier B. training C. course D. connection
52. A. thanks B. behavior C. confidence D. smile
53. A. teacher B. relative C. roommate D. coworker
54. A. get B. make C. observe D. recover
55. A. choice B. comment C. comfort D. chance
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在日本学校当外籍英语老师期间，对学生一视同仁，最终作者的做法改变了一个学习不专心且爱惹麻烦的学生。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着让学生们为我的广播推荐歌曲。A. sing唱歌；B. recommend推荐；C. record记录；D. create创造。根据下文“At the broadcast, I usually announce who recommended the song”中提到recommended可知，此处为作者试着让学生们为广播推荐歌曲。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在广播中，我通常会宣布谁推荐了这首歌，然后在午餐时间播放给大家听。A. played播放；B. performed执行；C. introduced介绍；D. practiced练习。根据上文“At the broadcast, I usually announced who recommended the song”可知，在午餐时间播放歌曲让学生们听。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我让每个人都有机会通过音乐来分享自己，包括我的一个棘手的学生。A. clever聪明的；B. tough棘手的，困难的；C. honest诚实的；D. active积极的。 根据下文“This student constantly got into fights with the other students”可推知，这个学生是一个棘手的学生。故选B项。
44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个学生经常和其他同学打架，降低了课堂的活力。A. cut down削减；B. broke down分解；C. turned down拒绝；D. brought down降低。根据该句中的“This student constantly got into fights with the other students”可推知，这个学生经常和其他同学打架，降低了课堂的活力。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我知道他只是需要一个朋友，或者至少是一个能让他联系上的人。A. parent父母； B. classmate同学；C. friend朋友；D. teacher 教师。根据“at least someone he can connect with.”可知，作者认为他只是需要一个朋友，或者至少是一个能让他联系上的人。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出来，过去的一年他对我越来越有好感了。A. tell告诉、知道；B. admit承认；C. remember记住；D. predict预测。根据后文“Needless to say, the boy was very　　9 , and he’s been much happier and more focused in English class ever since.”可知，因为作者让他推荐了歌曲，他变得快乐和专注，所以作者看得出来，他对作者越来越有好感了。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他最终推荐了一首歌，我真的很喜欢这首歌，所以我加入了广播，并确保宣布了他的名字，这样每个人都知道他贡献了这么一首很棒的歌。A. obviously显而易见地；B. absolutely绝对地；C. regularly定期地；D. eventually最终。根据下文“I really liked so I put it on the broadcast”可推知，此处为这个学生最终推荐了一首歌。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最终推荐了一首歌，我真的很喜欢这首歌，所以我加入了广播，并确保宣布了他的名字，这样每个人都知道他贡献了这么一首很棒的歌。A. class班级；B. name名字；C. family家庭；D. hobby爱好。根据下文“so everyone knew that he contributed such a great song.”可推知，作者真的很喜欢这首歌，所以加入了广播，并确保宣布了他的名字，每个人都知道他贡献了这么一首很棒的歌。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，这个男孩非常兴奋，从那以后，他在英语课上变得更加快乐和专注。A. scared害怕的；B. powerful强有力的；C. thrilled非常兴奋的；D. disappointed失望的。根据该句中的“and he’s been much happier”可知，这个男孩非常兴奋，从那以后，在英语课上变得更加快乐和专注。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然其他人都误解了他，把他推开，但我看穿了他的行为，知道他只是需要一个认可他、给他机会的人。A. accepted接受的；B. inspired鼓舞；C. attacked攻击；D. misunderstood误解。根据下文“pushed him away”可知，别人都远离他，所以是误解了他。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们之间仍然有语言障碍，但言语是不需要的，你总能感觉到你和某人在一起。A. barrier障碍；B. training训练；C. course课程；D. connection联系。根据下文“but words aren’t needed, we can always sense when we’re at one with someone.”可知，我们之间有语言障碍。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近从我身边走过，给了我一个我所见过的最真诚的微笑。A. thanks感谢；B. behavior行为；C. confidence信心；D. smile 微笑。根据下文“I’ve never seen him smile like that before”可知，他最近从作者身边走过，给了作者一个作者从未见过的微笑。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的同事转向我说：“我以前从未见过他这样笑。你是如何做到的？”。A. teacher教师；B. relative亲戚；C. roommate室友；D. coworker同事。根据下文“I’ve never seen him smile like that before.”可知，说话人和作者在一起，应是同事。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事转向我说：“我以前从未见过他这样笑。你是如何做到的？”A. get得到；B. make成为；C. observe观察；D. recover恢复。根据下文“I said, “through just one song.””可知，同事问作者如何成功做到让这个孩子有这种微笑的。make it成功做到，故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我给了他一个机会。”我说“通过一首歌”。A. choice选择；B. comment评论；C. comfort安慰；D. chance 机会。根据上文的“I gave everyone an opportunity to share themselves through their music”以及上文讲述的内容可知，作者给了这个学生一个机会，通过一首歌曲，让这个孩子改变了。故选D项。
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, holidaymakers tend to choose short trips and homestays in Beijing’s suburbs have seen increasing reservations.
“The number of guests will be doubled in the coming Qingming Festival,” an owner of a homestay ___56___ the capital’s Yanqing area told Beijing Business Today. With flowers in full bloom in the springtime and temperatures rising, people are eager to enjoy outdoor activities. According to travel service and social networking platform Mafengwo, keywords such as “flower ___57___ (appreciate)”, “camping” and “cycling” are key search items. Sales of tickets to some public parks and holiday resorts accounted for nearly 80 percent of the total tourist ____58____ (attraction), data from Qunar showed. The increase in local tours ____59____(present) opportunities for the homestay industry, ___60___ can tackle the industry’s poor performance due to the effects of the pandemic.
The report on tourism operations of 2021 and development forecast of 2022 ____61____(conduct) by China Tourism Academy pointed out that, for 2022, the pandemic will remain the biggest uncertain factor ____62____ (affect) tourism sector’s recovery.
Owing to the virus, local tours are the main means of traveling at present, said Wang Xingbin, ___63___ expert of tourism. Wang said ____64____ requires more observation (观察) for how the tourism industry enters recovery. “Affected by the pandemic, the tourism industry becomes fragile and requires support,” Wang said. He added that the tourism industry is expected to suffer from a ____65____ (relative) long period of difficulties under the pandemic.
【答案】56. in 57. appreciating##appreciation
58. attractions
59. presents
60. which 61. conducted
62. affecting
63. an 64. it
65. relatively
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在新冠肺炎疫情爆发期间，度假者倾向于选择短途旅行。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：“即将到来的清明节，客人的数量将翻倍，”首都延庆地区一家民宿的老板告诉《北京商报》。名词area前用介词in。故填in。
【57题详解】
考查名词或动名词。句意：根据旅游服务和社交网络平台蚂蜂窝的数据，“赏花”、“露营”和“骑行”等关键词都是热门搜索项。介词as后接名词或动名词形式。故填appreciating /appreciation。
【58题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：去哪儿网的数据显示，一些公园和度假胜地的门票销售额占到旅游景点总数的近80%。名词attraction为可数名词，根据nearly 80 percent可知，用名词的复数形式。故填attractions。
【59题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是The increase，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填presents。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。先行词指代前面的句子，作主语。用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词report与conduct之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填conducted。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词factor与affect之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填affecting。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：旅游专家王兴斌表示，受新冠肺炎疫情影响，本地游是目前旅游的主要方式。名词expert为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：王说，旅游业如何进入复苏需要更多的观察。代指从句how the tourism industry enters recovery，用代词it。故填it。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：他补充说，在疫情下，旅游业预计将遭受较长时间的困难。形容词long前用副词形式。故填relatively。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分40分）
第一节 词汇（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据句子意思，在空白处填入适当的词语或括号内单词的正确形式。
66. Lawyers help others and ____________ (respect) by others.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are respected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：律师帮助别人，受到别人的尊重。根据help可知，本句的时态为一般现在时，再分析句意，respect和主语lawyers之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，所以be动词用are。故填are respected。
67. The country put up a strong ____________ (defend) against the enemy’s invasion. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】defence##defense
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个国家对敌人的入侵进行了强有力的防御。分析句子成分可知，空格处应该为名词作宾语。defend的名词为defense或defence，由a可知，应用单数。故填defense/defence。
68. South Africa was going a period of irreversible(不可逆转的) change. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】through
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：南非正在经历一场不可逆转的变革。根据句意可知空处表示“经历”，go through表示“经历，经受”，故填through。
69. ________ (absorb)in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Absorbed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：专注于画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。be absorbed in“专注于”是固定表达，此处省略be用形容词短语作状语。故填Absorbed。
70. There are many shops in the__________ (commerce) heart of the city. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】commercial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在城市的商业中心有很多商店。分析句中可知，名词heart前需用形容词修饰，commerce是名词，需转换为形容词commercial，在句中作定语，修饰名词heart。故填commercial。
71. She sighed in ____________ (relieve) when she heard the good news. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】relief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个好消息，她如释重负地叹了口气。介词in后面用名词relief作宾语，in relief的意思是“如释重负”。故填in。
72. The artist painted on ____________ spite of his family’s opposition. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这位艺术家不顾家人的反对继续作画。分析句意再根据spite可知，此处用介词in构成固定搭配in spite of表示“尽管、不顾”符合语境。故填in。
73. The author mentions the ____________ (function) of science at the beginning of the passage. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】functions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：作者在文章的开头提到了科学的功能。此处作宾语，应用名词function，可数名词，由句意及常识可知，功能不止一个，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填functions。
74. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ____________ (gradual) turned into chopsticks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】gradually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：小块的食物可以用小树枝吃，小树枝逐渐变成了筷子。根据句子分析可知，此处应用副词“gradually逐渐地，渐渐地”作状语，修饰动词turned into，故填gradually。
75. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the ________(shine) moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】shining
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国的中秋节，家家户户聚在一起观赏明月，品尝美味的月饼。结合句意分析句子可知，动词shine在句中作定语修饰名词moon，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语moon之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式shining作定语，意为“发光的，明亮的”。故填shining。
第二节 英汉互译（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
76. She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computer and the Internet. (英译汉)
【答案】她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式、定语从句和结果状语从句。分析句子可知，此处为“so...that...如此……以至于……”句型，主句是：She was so inspired by the people she met online，译为：受到网友的启发，she met online“她在网上遇到的”为省略关系代词that/who/whom的定语从句，修饰先行词the people；结果状语从句为：she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computer and the Internet，译为：她决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网，其中to teach older people how to use computer and the Internet为不定式作目的状语， how to use computer and the Internet为“特殊疑问词+不定式”作宾语，故整句翻译为：她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
77. If you keep your eyes open ,you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. （英译汉）
【答案】用心去观察，它的过去与现在都将展示在你的面前，令你叹为观止。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构，时态和从句。分析句子可知，本句含有if引导的条件状语从句，从句是主谓宾补结构，主语是 you“你”， keep是谓语动词，your eyes“你的眼睛”是宾语，形容词open“睁开”，为宾语补足语。keep one’s eyes open为“注意，用心去观察”之意。主句含有宾语从句。主语是 you“你”，be surprised to对……感到吃惊，will be surprised to find 是谓语动词，that从句是宾语从句。宾语从句中为主谓宾结构。主语是 you“你”， can see “能够看到”是谓语动词， both its past and its presen“它的过去与现在”是宾语。故本句可译为：用心去观察，它的过去与现在都将展示在你的面前，令你叹为观止。
78. Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” (英译汉)
【答案】他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。”
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。根据句子分析可知，Moved by this music“被这段音乐所打动”为过去分词作状语，主句为he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”，he“他”作主语，said“说”为谓语动词，It was like seeing color for the first time“那感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样”为直接引语；直接引语中was like“感觉像”作谓语动词，seeing color“看见色彩”作动名词作宾语， for the first time“第一次”作状语。故翻译为：他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。”
79. 事实证明，虚拟合唱团对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。（prove to be）(汉译英)
【答案】It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时、主谓一致、形容词、名词、介词。用prove to be表示“结果是”，此处表示已经发生的事情，所以用现在完成时，用it指代虚拟合唱团，主语为单数，所以谓语动词为第三人称单数，所以为has proved to be；“积极的”用形容词positive表示，“影响”为influence，此处特指“积极的影响”，为具体的一种影响；所以翻译为a positive influence；生活为life为可数名词，此处为许多人的生活，因此需要用复数，“对……有影响”用介词on；用介of表示“……的”，“许多人”为many people。故翻译为It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
80. 人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。（grateful）(汉译英)
【答案】People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、宾语从句。分析句子结构，“对这一年收获的食物表达感恩”在句子中做目的状语，使用动词不定式，“对这一年收获的食物感恩”在动词“表达”后面作宾语从句，因连接词在从句中不做成分，使用that连接宾语从句；表示“举行庆祝活动”含义的动词为celebrate；表示“对……表达”含义的词为show；表示“对……感恩”含义的动词短语为be grateful for；表示“一年收获的食物”含义的表达为the year’s supply of food，因句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，故翻译为：People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
第三节 书面表达（满分15分）
81. 假定你是李华。为配合我县正在实施的垃圾分类工作，你所在的学校将举办有关“Garbage sorting”的英语演讲比赛。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
(1) 垃圾问题的现状；
(2) 垃圾分类的好处（至少2点）；
(3) 呼吁全体同学积极参加垃圾分类。
注意：(1)词数：100 左右；(2) 开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数；
参考词汇：垃圾分类 rubbish classification 可回收物 recyclable waste
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good afternoon, everyone!
It’s a great honor to be here and share something with you. Rubbish is being produced every single day, which has become a big headache in every city. To solve this problem, the garbage classification activity has been launched in our city since last month. The advantages of garbage classification are as follows. To begin with, garbage classification can reduce the amount of waste. Accordingly, the cost of dealing with waste will be brought down greatly. What’s more, some of the waste is of value.
To reuse and recycle this kind of waste is to save resources to a large extent, which also contributes to environmental protection.
Garbage classification is a meaningful and rewarding thing. If everyone can do it, small things can make a big difference. Let’s work together for a better and cleaner city!
Thanks for your attention!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为有关“Garbage sorting”的英语演讲比赛写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
减少：reduce→decrease
数量：amount→quantity
此外：what’s more→besides3
处理：deal with=handle
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：To solve this problem, the garbage classification activity has been launched in our city since last month. The advantages of garbage classification are as follows.
拓展句：To solve this problem, the garbage classification activity has been launched in our city since last month, the advantages of which are as follows.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Rubbish is being produced every single day, which has become a big headache in every city. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If everyone can do it, it is small things that can make a big difference.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句和强调句句式）