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2022-2023学年广东省梅州市兴宁市高一（下）期中英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省梅州市兴宁市高一（下）期中英语试卷含解析，共25页。
2022-2023学年广东省梅州市兴宁市高一（下）期中英语试卷
A
The old saying of"When in Rome，do as the Romans do"perfectly voices the promise to deliver you the real Italy，and there's no better way to do this than with hands-on activities that bring you closer to local people.
Essence &Perfume Experience
Italian perfume（香水） has been famous since the 14th century.Venice was the world center of perfumery for several hundred years，which is why this city is the obvious location to learn the perfumery craft.At Palazzo Mocenigo，a former noble residence turned museum，you'll spend two hours being guided through the complex world of perfume and its history as you make your own personalized perfume to take home.
Palermo Street Food Tour
Explore Palermo's streets on this wonderful，guided walking tour.Wander through the city's street markets and historic squares in a small group as your guide entertains you with historic tales.You will be taken into public buildings favoured by locals，including bakeries and old inns，and given the chance to sample classic Palermitan street food.
Sunset on Mount Etna
Experience an amazing sunset with an evening tour of Mount Etna，Europe's highest active volcano（火山）.You and your fellow companions will be driven through lush landscapes that make way for lunar-like lava.As the road gets rough，switch to off-road vehicles.Your final leg is an exciting 30-minute hike with your expert guide.
Bike Tour in the Itria Valley
Experience a half-day bike tour through Itria Valley.An experienced team will help you select a suitable bike and then you're off on this guided bike ride!This is a 24-mile round trip where you'll be taken along small country roads dotted with rural houses and through various small towns and villages.
1. What's the best way to travel at Palermo's streets？ ______
A. Cycling. B. Walking. C. Boating. D. Driving.
2. Which trip suits volcano lovers？ ______
A. Essence &Perfume Experience. B. Palermo Street Food Tour.
C. Bike Tour in the Itria Valley. D. Sunset on Mount Etna.
3. What do the four trips have in common？ ______
A. They are free of charge. B. They have to be booked.
C. They are guided trips. D. They take place at sunset.
B
Hunger is a very real problem around the globe.This year，almost 7 million people have died of hunger already.Why do people still die of hunger when there's more than enough food in the world？
Well，considering that there are places in the world where basic needs like housing and clean，drinkable water are not met，then it doesn't come as a surprise that food is just not accessible to them.The food exists—it just doesn't get to where it needs to be.
Nigerian farmer Samson Ogbole decided to go ahead and cultivate（培育） fruit and vegetables in a different way.Ogbole's farming process centres around two concepts：soilless farm-ing and aeroponics（气雾栽培）.To put it simply—he's growing food in the air.
As Ogbole explained during a TED talk，aeroponics is the future of agriculture because it offers many benefits.For example，it is cheaper than traditional farming because there is no need to hire as many workers since everything is done with a"click".Also，this kind of farm-ing is more environmentally friendly since farmers don't use pesticides.At the same time，there are no space limitations—planting in the air means you can plant as many layers as you like.The sky is the limit literally!
So，the young farmer has been practicing aeroponics for more than five years with impressive results.His work was recently praised on social media this summer when he was featured in a network post.In the post，Ogbole's farming method was mentioned，and Internet users had the chance to see pictures of the farmer's produce.
Many viewers think southern Nigeria needs this method to grow crops.This will help in bringing down the price and avoiding future food blockades from the north.It seems that people are already realizing that this method will change the way people grow food.And，most importantly，it will help solve some of the issues related to hunger around the world.
4. What does the figure in paragraph 1 show？ ______
A. The necessity of growing food in the air.
B. The number of hungry people.
C. The seriousness of hunger.
D. The existing population problem.
5. Why do people still starve to death in the world according to the text？ ______
A. Food is not equally shared.
B. Their basic needs are not met.
C. There is not enough food supply.
D. They have no scientific planting methods.
6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about？ ______
A. The theory of aeroponics.
B. The advantages of aeroponics.
C. How to grow food in the air.
D. The downsides of traditional farming.
7. What do viewers think of Ogbole's farming method？ ______
A. Unrealistic. B. Funny. C. Promising. D. Helpless.
C
A new study from North Carolina State University found that biology textbooks have done a poor job of including material related to climate change.For example，the study found that most biology textbooks published（出版） in the 2010s included less information about climate change than they did in the previous decade—despite significant advances in our under-standing of how climate change is influencing ecosystems and the environment.
"In short，we found biology textbooks are failing to share enough information about climate change，which is a generation-defining topic in the life sciences，"says Jennifer Landin，author of the study."These books are the baseline texts for helping students understand the science of life on Earth，yet they are providing very little information about a phenomenon that is having a great impact on habitats，ecosystems，agriculture—almost every aspect（方面） of life on Earth."
For the study，researchers investigated coverage of climate change in 57 college biology textbooks published between 1970 and 2019.The researchers found climate coverage has varied greatly over those five decades and that the amount of climate coverage in textbooks fell off in the 2010s.In addition to length，the nature of the content has also changed greatly over time.
"One of the most troubling findings was that textbooks are devoting less space to ad-dressing climate solutions now than they did in the 1990s—even as they focus more on the effects of climate change，"Landin says."That suggests to students that nothing can be done，which is both wildly misleading and contributes to a sense of fatalism（宿命论） regarding climate change."
"We are hoping that this study will serve as a wake-up call for publishers and instructors.We need to do a much better job of putting climate change into our courses if we want to pre-pare students to understand the role that climate change is playing in shaping life on Earth and how we study it，"Landin says.
8. What is the example in paragraph 1 used to do？ ______
A. Prove biology textbooks' poor performance.
B. Show the dissatisfaction with climate change.
C. Attract the attention of students studying biology.
D. Show the content of textbooks published in the 2010s.
9. What is the problem of biology textbooks according to Landin？ ______
A. No enough material about climate change.
B. Not covering every aspect of life on Earth.
C. Providing little new information about biology.
D. No generation-defining topics in the textbooks.
10. How did the researchers conduct the study？ ______
A. By tracking textbook publishers.
B. By doing surveys of students in colleges.
C. By observing climate change for 50 years.
D. By investigating college biology textbooks.
11. What does Landin expect the study to function as？ ______
A. A wake-up call for biology science.
B. A warning to take biology seriously.
C. A direction of studying climate change.
D. An alarm bell for publishers and teachers.
D
A healthy diet may not offset（抵消） the effects of a high salt intake on blood pressure，suggests a new study.The research，from scientists at a number of institutions，studied the diets of over 4，000 people.The results showed that people eating higher amounts of salt had higher blood pressure—no matter how healthy a person's overall diet.
The scientists behind the research are now advising people to monitor their salt intake—and food companies to lower the salt content in their products.
High blood pressure affects more than one in four adults in the UK，and increases the risk of a number of conditions including heart attacks and stroke.It's thought that vitamins and minerals in fruit and vegetables might in some way affect blood vessels（血管），enabling them to lower blood pressure.Previously，experts believed that eating high amounts of fruit and vegetables might help offset the effects of high salt on blood pressure.However，while these foods do tend to lower blood pressure，the new research suggests they do not offset the adverse influence of high salt intake.
In the paper，the team studied data from the so-called INTERMAP study.In this study published in 2018，scientists tracked the diets of 4，680 people，aged 40-59，from the USA，the UK，Japan and China.The researchers found a link between high blood pressure and high salt intake，even in people who were on a healthy diet.
The recommended upper limit of adult salt intake in the UK is 6 g a day.The study found that the average salt intake across the study was 10.7 g a day.The average intake for the UK was 8.5 g，while the intake for the USA，China and Japan were 9.6 g ，13.4 g and 11.7 g respectively.
Increasing salt intake above this average amount was linked to an increase in blood pressure.Dr Queenie Chan，joint lead author of the research，said the research shows the importance of cutting salt intake.
12. What can food industry do to help lower people's high blood pressure？ ______
A. Make salt-free food only.
B. Monitor the quality of their products.
C. Take control of their salt production.
D. Cut down salt content in their products.
13. What does the underlined word"adverse"in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Adventurous. B. Harmful. C. Brief. D. Average.
14. Which of the following nations has the highest average salt intake？ ______
A. The USA. B. China. C. Japan. D. The UK.
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. A healthy diet may not offset the effects of high salt intake
B. High blood pressure is related to high salt intake
C. Research shows the importance of cutting salt intake
D. People eating higher amounts of salt have higher blood pressure
For some people，income，fame，and a good work-life balance are the most important aspects when choosing a career（职业） path.（1） ______ .Looking for a job where you can make a difference？Here are some choices worth exploring.
Emergency services
Whether you choose to join the police，ambulance，or fire and rescue service，there are plenty of roles in this field.（2） ______ .You'll never have a boring day at work，but you'll also have to deal with a lot of pressure and stress on a regular basis since a job as a first responder is both mentally and physically demanding.
（ 3） ______
Caring for those in need can give you a sense of purpose and help you connect with people on a deeper level，so it's a very rewarding job.But this career path can be equally demanding，stressful，and exhausting.Empathy，patience，compassion，great communication skills，good observation，initiative，and physical strength are some of the most important caregiver skills and qualities you need in this field.
Charity work
Working for a charity is the very definition of helping and supporting people in need.From working in communications，HR，or IT to choosing a job in administration or fundraising，there are different ways in which you can bring your contribution.（4） ______ .
Social work
（ 5） ______ .You ' ll be working with some of the most weak groups of people in society such as the elderly，children，adults with mental health issues，and so on.You'll help people deal with challenging situations，which can be both frightening and extremely rewarding.
A.Care giving
B.Nursing and healthcare
C.Thus，you'll be able to help people
D.It will put you at the forefront of social change and development
E.They allow you to serve your community and make the world a better place
F.For others，the possibility to help others far outweighs the rest of the benefits
G.Besides，charity jobs may also provide free working hours and conditions of employment
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home.He used his scooter（滑板车） to （1） ______ the bus stop in Santa Clarita and from there，he would take a 90-minute bus（2） ______ to Century City.After getting off the bus，he would again use his scooter to get to the（3） ______ .
His students were（4） ______ of their teacher's commuting（通勤） struggles and were very grateful for his hard work despite his（5） ______ .Commuting every day was very（6） ______ for Castro but this didn't make him give up on his passion for teaching. （7） ______ ，he used it as a motivation（动力） to work harder and show his students how hard work can（8） ______ one day.
Castro was right about it and now，he can enjoy the（9） ______ of his hard work.His kind students gifted him with a dark blue car.Knowing how（10） ______ petrol nowadays is，they bought their teacher a year's worth of gasoline.They also got him car insurance，which（11） ______ as financial protection in case of accidents.The kind- hearted high school students spent the entire summer（12） ______ over＄30，000 with the help of several organizations.
Castro is very（13） ______ to his students."I feel surprised.I feel special.So thank you to my students.They are like my kids as well，" Castro said.His students are very happy to（14） ______ their math teacher and they are confident that he will find some（15） ______ to pay it forward.
21. A. get B. reach C. identify D. observe
22. A. trip B. stop C. space D. crowd
23. A. goal B. company C. school D. place
24. A. aware B. proud C. fond D. tired
25. A. family B. atmosphere C. activity D. situation
26. A. comfortable B. challenging C. suitable D. confusing
27. A. Otherwise B. However C. Thus D. Instead
28. A. pay off B. go off C. fade away D. march on
29. A. data B. feature C. state D. fruit
30. A. effective B. priceless C. expensive D. dangerous
31. A. forms B. serves C. supplies D. develops
32. A. raising B. donating C. operating D. carrying
33. A. responsible B. thoughtful C. thankful D. generous
34. A. have B. help C. like D. see
35. A. minds B. voices C. rights D. ways
36. On a weekend in early October，Hu Wenjue and a group of children gathered in a wetland park.Hu pointed at a wild bird and spoke in a low voice while the children were listening（1） ______ （careful）.
Hu is a pioneer in nature education in Hefei，Anhui Province.He （2） ______ （ found） an organization five years ago to offer several nature-based （3） ______ （program） for children under 12 years old.Through various outdoor activities，such as（4） ______ （ identify） plants and exploring forests，nature education aims （5） ______ （teach） participants，mostly urban residents，how to appreciate，respect and live in harmony （6） ______ nature.
"Respecting the laws of nature and coexisting with nature harmoniously，we could change our lifestyle for the（7） ______ （ good） and it is a virtuous cycle（良性循环），" Hu said.He hopes to see more people protect nature （8） ______ promote green development and ecological civilization in China.
In recent years，China has seen great development in nature education，（9） ______ is nourished（滋养） by the country's rich natural resources such as nature reserves，forest parks，wetland parks and geological parks.
" Nature is generous to us if we give（10） ______ （ protect） to her，and don't forget that we all belong to nature，"Hu said.
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37. I opened a savings ______ （账户） at my local bank.
38. The Prize serves to raising ______ （意识） of human rights，particularly among decision-makers and the general public.
39. A bicycle is often more______（方便的） than a car in towns．
40. When they came to ______ （装饰） the bedroom，it was Jemma who had the final say.
41. They are very ______ （慷慨的） givers to charity.
42. The amount of money you have to spend will ______ （限制） your choice.
43. Losing weight is a slow，gradual ______ （过程） .
44. They decided to stick with their ______ （原先的） plan.
45. Our ______ （小册子） is printed on environmentally-friendly paper.
46. Her ______ （评论） was uncomfortably close to the truth.
47. 假定你是李华，你将作为交换生去美国纽约的一所高中学习。请你写一封邮件给在纽约的好友Mike，向他了解如何更好地融入当地的校园生活，内容包括：
（1）写信目的；
（2）征求建议；
（3）表达感谢。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为100左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike，
Yours， Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Palermo Street Food Tour部分Explore Palermo's streets on this wonderful，guided walking tour.（在这场精彩的导游徒步旅行中，探索巴勒莫的街道。）可知在巴勒莫的街道上旅行最好的方式是步行。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Sunset on Mount Etna部分Experience an amazing sunset with an evening tour of Mount Etna，Europe's highest active volcano（火山）.You and your fellow companions will be driven through lush landscapes that make way for lunar-like lava.（晚上游览欧洲最高的活火山埃特纳火山，体验令人惊叹的日落。你和你的同伴将开车穿过郁郁葱葱的景观，为月球般的熔岩让路）可知Sunset on Mount Etna适合火山爱好者。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据Essence &Perfume Experience部分At Palazzo Mocenigo，a former noble residence turned museum，you'll spend two hours being guided through the complex world of perfume and its history as you make your own personalized perfume to take home.（在莫森尼戈宫（Palazzo Mocenigo），一座由贵族住宅改造而成的博物馆，你将花两个小时被带领着穿越在复杂的香水世界及其历史，制作自己的个性化香水带回家）；Palermo Street Food Tour部分Explore Palermo's streets on this wonderful，guided walking tour.（在这场精彩的导游徒步旅行中，探索巴勒莫的街道）；Sunset on Mount Etna部分Your final leg is an exciting 30-minute hike with your expert guide.（最后一站是与专家导游一起进行令人兴奋的30分钟徒步旅行）以及Bike Tour in the Itria Valley部分An experienced team will help you select a suitable bike and then you're off on this guided bike ride!（经验丰富的团队将帮助您选择合适的自行车，然后您就可以在导游的带领下骑行了！）可知这四次旅行的共同点是它们是有导游带领的旅行。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四次旅游的详细信息。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段This year，almost 7 million people have died of hunger already.（今年已经有约700万人死于饥饿）可知第一段中的数字显示了饥饿问题很严重。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段The food exists—it just doesn't get to where it needs to be.（食物是存在的，只是没有到达需要它的地方）可知世界上食物分配不平等是导致饥荒的原因。故选A。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段As Ogbole explained during a TED talk，aeroponics is the future of agriculture because it offers many benefits（Ogbole认为气雾栽培是农业的未来，因为它有很多好处。）可知，此段主要介绍气雾栽培的优点。A.The theory of aeroponics.雾培理论；B.The advantages of aeroponics.雾培技术的优势；C.How to grow food in the air.如何在空气中种植食物；D.The downsides of traditional farming.传统农业的缺点。故选B。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段It seems that people are already realizing that this method will change the way people grow food.And，most importantly，it will help solve some of the issues related to hunger around the world.（人们似乎已经意识到这种方法将改变人们种植食物的方式。最重要的是，它将有助于解决世界各地与饥饿有关的一些问题。）可知人们认为该方法非常有前景。A.Unrealistic.不现实的；B.Funny.有趣的；C.Promising.有前景的；D.Helpless.无助的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。尼日利亚农民 Samson Ogbole用一种新的方式---气雾栽培，种植水果和蔬菜。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】A、A、D、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段A new study from North Carolina State University found that biology textbooks have done a poor job of including material related to climate change.（研究表明，生物教科书在纳入气候变化相关材料方面做得很差）可知第一段中的例子用来证明生物教科书的糟糕表现。也就是说后面一句举例是为了论证该观点。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 "In short，we found biology textbooks are failing to share enough information about climate change，which is a generation-defining topic in the life sciences，"says Jennifer Landin（"简而言之，我们发现生物教科书未能分享足够的关于气候变化的信息，这是生命科学中定义一代人的话题，"詹妮弗•兰丁说）可知，生物教科书缺乏足够的关于气候变化方面的资料。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 For the study，researchers investigated coverage of climate change in 57 college biology textbooks published between 1970 and 2019.（在这项研究中，研究人员调查了1970年至2019年间出版的57本大学生物学教科书中关于气候变化的报道。）可知，研究人员是通过研究1970年至2019年出版的57本大学生物教科书中关于气候变化的内容才得出的结论。A.By tracking textbook publishers.通过追踪教科书出版商；B.By doing surveys of students in colleges.通过对大学学生的调查；C.By observing climate change for 50 years.通过观察50年的气候变化；D.By investigating college biology textbooks.通过调查大学生物课本。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段We are hoping that this study will serve as a wake-up call for publishers and instructors.（我们希望这项研究能给出版商和教师敲响警钟。）可知，Landin希望这项研究能为出版商和教师敲响警钟。故选D。
本文是说明文。一项新的研究发现，生物教科书在纳入气候变化相关材料方面做得很差。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】D、B、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The scientists behind the research are now advising people to monitor their salt intake—and food companies to lower the salt content in their products.（这项研究背后的科学家现在建议人们监控盐的摄入量，并建议食品制造商降低产品中的含盐量。）可知食品工业降低了产品中的盐含量，以帮助降低人们的高血压。故选D。
（2）词义推测题。根据第三段Previously，experts believed that eating high amounts of fruit and vegetables might help offset the effects of high salt on blood pressure.However，while these foods do tend to lower blood pressure，the new research suggests they do not offset the adverse influence of high salt intake.（此前，专家认为食用大量水果和蔬菜可能有助于抵消高盐对血压的影响。虽然这些食物确实有助于降低血压，但新的研究表明，它们并不能抵消高盐摄入的不利影响。）可知adverse的意思是"有害的，不利的"。A.Adventurous.冒险的；B.Harmful.有害的，不理的；C.Brief.简短的；D.Average.平均的。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段The recommended upper limit of adult salt intake in the UK is 6 g a day.The study found that the average salt intake across the study was 10.7 g a day.The average intake for the UK was 8.5 g，while the intake for the USA，China and Japan were 9.6 g ，13.4 g and 11.7 g respectively.（英国人的平均盐摄入量为8.5克，而美国人、中国人和日本人的平均盐摄入量分别为9.6克、13.4克和11.7克。中国人的平均盐摄入量最高。）可知中国平均盐摄入量最高。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段A healthy diet may not offset（抵消） the effects of a high salt intake on blood pressure，suggests a new study.（一项新的研究表明，健康的饮食可能无法抵消高盐摄入对血压的影响。）可知，健康的饮食可能无法抵消高盐摄入对血压的影响。后面几段围绕此话题展开。因此最佳标题是A.A healthy diet may not offset the effects of high salt intake（健康的饮食可能无法抵消高盐摄入的影响）。故选A。
本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明，即便是健康的饮食也可能无法抵消高盐摄入对血压的影响。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】F、C、A、D、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上一句For some people，income，fame，and a good work-life balance are the most important aspects when choosing a career（职业） path.（对一些人来说，在选择职业道路时，收入、名气和良好的工作与生活平衡是最重要的方面。）可知此处说的是职业选择对人们的影响。所以F项"对其他人来说，帮助他人的可能性远远超过其他好处"符合语境。故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据上一句Whether you choose to join the police，ambulance，or fire and rescue service，there are plenty of roles in this field.（无论你选择加入警察、救护车还是消防救援服务，在这个领域都有很多角色。）可知此处说的是在这个领域有很多机会可以帮助到别人。所以C项"因此，你将能够帮助人们"符合语境。故选C。
（3）段落标题题。根据下一句Caring for those in need can give you a sense of purpose and help you connect with people on a deeper level，so it's a very rewarding job.（照顾那些需要帮助的人可以给你一种目标感，并帮助你与更深层次的人建立联系，所以这是一份非常有回报的工作）可知此处说的是照顾别人。所以A项"护理"符合语境。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据本段标题 Charity work（慈善工作）以及上一句From working in communications，HR，or IT to choosing a job in administration or fundraising，there are different ways in which you can bring your contribution.（从从事通信、人力资源或IT工作到选择行政或筹款工作，你可以通过不同的方式做出贡献。）可知此处说的是从事慈善工作的好处，以及接触到的社会前沿工作。所以D项"它将使你处于社会变革和发展的前沿"符合语境。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据下一句You ' ll be working with some of the most weak groups of people in society such as the elderly，children，adults with mental health issues，and so on.（你将与社会上一些最弱势的群体合作，如老年人、儿童、有心理健康问题的成年人等。）可知此处说的是为社区服务。所以E项"他们让你为社区服务，让世界变得更美好"符合语境。故选E。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些可以有所作为并值得探索的职业选择。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、A、D、B、D、A、D、C、B、A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.get得到；B.reach到达；C.identify确认；D.observe观察。根据上句Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home（Julio Castro是YULA男子高中的一名数学老师，他花了两个小时去学校，又花了两个小时回家）可知他滑着他的滑板车到达 Santa Clarita的公交车站。故答案为B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.trip旅行；B.stop停止；C.space空间；D.crowd人群。从那里，他要坐90分钟的公交车到Century City。说明这是一次简短的旅行。故答案为A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.goal目标；B.company公司；C.school学校；D.place地方。根据前文Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home（Julio Castro是YULA男子高中的一名数学老师，他花了两个小时去学校，又花了两个小时回家）可知下车后，他又会滑着他的滑板车去学校。故答案为C。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.aware有意识的；B.proud自豪的；C.fond喜欢的；D.tired疲惫的。根据空后their teacher's commuting（通勤） struggles可知他的学生们知道他们的老师通勤困难且非常感激他在情况艰难之下所做的努力。故答案为A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.family家庭；B.atmosphere氛围；C.activity活动；D.situation状况。他的学生们知道他们的老师通勤困难且非常感激他在情况艰难之下所做的努力。故答案为D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.comfortable舒服的；B.challenging有挑战性的；C.suitable合适的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据前文Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home（Julio Castro是YULA男子高中的一名数学老师，他花了两个小时去学校，又花了两个小时回家）可知每天上下班对Castro来说是一个很大的挑战，但这并没有让他放弃对教学的热情。故答案为B。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.Otherwise否则；B.However然而；C.Thus因此；D.Instead取而代之，相反。根据下句he used it as a motivation（动力） to work harder and show his students how hard work can（8）one day.（他把它作为更加努力工作的动力。）可知本句与上句Commuting every day was very（6）for Castro but this didn't make him give up on his passion for teaching（每天上下班对Castro来说是一个很大的挑战，但这并没有让他放弃对教学的热情。）是相反的意思。故答案为D。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pay off得到回报；B.go off离开；C.fade away逐渐消失；D.march on前进。根据常识和空前how hard work可知并向他的学生展示，努力工作总有一天会得到回报。故答案为A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.data数据；B.feature特点；C.state状态；D.fruit成果。根据下句His kind students gifted him with a dark blue car可知他善良的学生送给他一辆深蓝色的汽车。说明他可以享受他努力工作的成果。故答案为D。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.effective高效的；B.priceless无价的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.dangerous危险的。根据下句they bought their teacher a year's worth of gasoline可知所以给老师买了一年的汽油。说明他们知道现在汽油有多贵，故答案为C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.forms形成；B.serves服务；C.supplies提供；D.develops发展。根据上句They also got him car insurance可知他们还为他买了汽车保险，假如发生事故，这个可以提供经济保障。故答案为B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.raising筹集；B.donating捐赠；C.operating动手术；D.carrying搬运。根据空后over＄30，000 with the help of several organizations.可知这些善良的高中生在几个组织的帮助下，用了整个夏天筹集了3万多美元。故答案为A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.responsible负责的；B.thoughtful考虑周到的；C.thankful感激的；D.generous大方的。根据下句I feel surprised.I feel special.So thank you to my students.They are like my kids as well可知我感到惊讶。我觉得自己很特别。所以感谢我的学生。他们也像我的孩子一样。说明Castro非常感谢他的学生。故答案为C。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.have有；B.help帮助；C.like喜欢；D.see看到。根据前文they bought their teacher a year's worth of gasoline可知所以给老师买了一年的汽油。说明他的学生很乐意帮助他们的数学老师。故答案为B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.minds意识；B.voices声音；C.rights权利；D.ways方式。他们相信他会找到一些方法来传递这种爱。故答案为D。
本文是记叙文，讲述了YULA Boys High School的学生们筹款为通勤不便的老师买车的故事。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】carefully
【小题2】founded
【小题3】programs
【小题4】identifying
【小题5】to teach
【小题6】with
【小题7】better
【小题8】and
【小题9】which
【小题10】protection
【解析】（1）考查副词。句意：胡指着一只野鸟低声说话，孩子们正在仔细听。分析可知，此处应用副词carefully作状语，修饰动词listening。故填carefully。
（2）考查时态。句意：五年前，他创立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个以自然为基础的课程。分析可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语five years ago可知，文章是在讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填founded。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：五年前，他创立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个以自然为基础的课程。program在这里意为"课程"，是可数名词，结合修饰词several可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填programs。
（4）考查动名词。句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在教会参与者（主要是城市居民）如何欣赏、尊重自然并与自然和谐相处。分析可知，此处与and后的exploring forests并列作such as的宾语，故此处应用动名词形式。故填identifying。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在教会参与者（主要是城市居民）如何欣赏、尊重自然并与自然和谐相处。aim to do sth."旨在做某事"，故此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to teach。
（6）考查介词。句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在教会参与者（主要是城市居民）如何欣赏、尊重自然并与自然和谐相处。根据句意可知，此处表示"与......和谐相处"，短语in harmony with符合题意。故填with。
（7）考查固定搭配。句意：胡说："尊重自然规律，与自然和谐共处，我们可以使我们的生活方式变得更好，这是一个良性循环。"change for the better"变得更好"，故此处应使用good的比较级better。故填better。
（8）考查连词。句意：他希望看到更多的人保护自然，促进中国的绿色发展和生态文明。根据句意可知，protect nature和promote green development之间为并列关系，故应用连词and连接。故填and。
（9）考查定语从句关系词。句意：近年来，中国在自然教育方面取得了巨大发展，这得益于国家丰富的自然资源，如自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园和地质公园等。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为nature education，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意："如果我们给与大自然保护，大自然对我们是很慷慨的，不要忘记我们都属于大自然，"胡说。分析可知，此处应用名词作give的宾语，protection"保护"为不可数名词。故填protection。
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了自然教育的带头人胡文爵在自然教育方面的贡献及对人类的建议。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】account
【解析】答案：account。不定冠词a接单数可数名词。故填account。
我在本地银行开了一个储蓄账户。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．
38.【答案】awareness
【解析】根据括号内词义，"意识"可译为awareness，抽象名词，不可数。
故填：awareness。
该奖项有助于提高人权意识，特别是在决策者和公众中。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
39.【答案】convenient
【解析】答案：convenient
方便的：convenient，形容词；句中convenient作系动词的表语，且前面有more构成比较级，用形容词原形即可．
在小镇上自行车经常比汽车更方便．
翻译填空题考查的是词汇记忆和句意理解能力．解题时，要用理解句意的前提下，注意词汇的拼写．
40.【答案】decorate
【解析】根据括号内词义，"装饰"可译为decorate，come to do sth."来做某事"，所以此处应用动词原形。
故填：decorate。
当他们来装修卧室时，是杰玛说了算。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
41.【答案】generous
【解析】根据句意及汉语提示"慷慨的"可知，此处应用形容词generous作定语，修饰后文名词givers。
故填：generous。
他们是慈善事业的慷慨捐助者。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
42.【答案】limit
【解析】根据括号内词义，"限制"可译为limit，分析句子可知，此处在句中作谓语，will后接动词原形。
故填：limit。
你必须花的钱会限制你的选择。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
43.【答案】process
【解析】根据括号内的汉语提示可知，考查process，由句中的a可知，设空处需用名词单数形式。
故填：process。
减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。
单词填空，首先要弄清楚所给句子的意思，明确所给词的词性，然后结合语境、语法知识、固定搭配等确定空白处所需的形式，填写拼写正确的单词。
44.【答案】original
【解析】根据句意及汉语提示"原先的"可知，此处应用形容词original作定语，修饰后文名词plan。
故填：original。
他们决定继续执行原来的计划。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
45.【答案】brochure
【解析】答案：brochure.分析句子可知，此处作主语，且结合句意和is可知，此处用名词的单数形式brochure表示"小册子"作主语。
故答案为brochure。
我们的小册子是用环保纸印制的。
对于这种题型，要分析句子意思，再从结构和意义上对答案进行确定。
46.【答案】comment
【解析】根据括号内词义，"评论"可译为 comment，根据was可知横线处用名词单数。
故填：comment。
她评论逼近真相，令人局促不安。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
47.【答案】Dear Mike，
How are you doing？I'm going to study in a high school in New York as an exchange student，which is a good opportunity for me to experience American culture，broaden my horizon and enrich my school life.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
However，what worries me now is that I haven't got a good command of American culture.【高分句型二】I'm afraid I will have some difficulty in getting along with others when I am in the foreign school.Therefore，I would like you to give me some suggestions about how to better fit into local campus life.In this way，I can make good preparations before going there.（征求建议）
I would appreciate it if you could help me.（表达感谢）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I'm going to study in a high school in New York as an exchange student，which is a good opportunity for me to experience American culture，broaden my horizon and enrich my school life.
译文：我将作为交换生在纽约的一所高中学习，这对我来说是一个体验美国文化、开阔视野和丰富学校生活的好机会。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：However，what worries me now is that I haven't got a good command of American culture.
译文：然而，现在让我担心的是，我还没有很好地掌握美国文化。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
2022-2023学年广东省梅州市兴宁市高一（下）期中英语试卷
A
The old saying of"When in Rome，do as the Romans do"perfectly voices the promise to deliver you the real Italy，and there's no better way to do this than with hands-on activities that bring you closer to local people.
Essence &Perfume Experience
Italian perfume（香水） has been famous since the 14th century.Venice was the world center of perfumery for several hundred years，which is why this city is the obvious location to learn the perfumery craft.At Palazzo Mocenigo，a former noble residence turned museum，you'll spend two hours being guided through the complex world of perfume and its history as you make your own personalized perfume to take home.
Palermo Street Food Tour
Explore Palermo's streets on this wonderful，guided walking tour.Wander through the city's street markets and historic squares in a small group as your guide entertains you with historic tales.You will be taken into public buildings favoured by locals，including bakeries and old inns，and given the chance to sample classic Palermitan street food.
Sunset on Mount Etna
Experience an amazing sunset with an evening tour of Mount Etna，Europe's highest active volcano（火山）.You and your fellow companions will be driven through lush landscapes that make way for lunar-like lava.As the road gets rough，switch to off-road vehicles.Your final leg is an exciting 30-minute hike with your expert guide.
Bike Tour in the Itria Valley
Experience a half-day bike tour through Itria Valley.An experienced team will help you select a suitable bike and then you're off on this guided bike ride!This is a 24-mile round trip where you'll be taken along small country roads dotted with rural houses and through various small towns and villages.
1. What's the best way to travel at Palermo's streets？ ______
A. Cycling. B. Walking. C. Boating. D. Driving.
2. Which trip suits volcano lovers？ ______
A. Essence &Perfume Experience. B. Palermo Street Food Tour.
C. Bike Tour in the Itria Valley. D. Sunset on Mount Etna.
3. What do the four trips have in common？ ______
A. They are free of charge. B. They have to be booked.
C. They are guided trips. D. They take place at sunset.
B
Hunger is a very real problem around the globe.This year，almost 7 million people have died of hunger already.Why do people still die of hunger when there's more than enough food in the world？
Well，considering that there are places in the world where basic needs like housing and clean，drinkable water are not met，then it doesn't come as a surprise that food is just not accessible to them.The food exists—it just doesn't get to where it needs to be.
Nigerian farmer Samson Ogbole decided to go ahead and cultivate（培育） fruit and vegetables in a different way.Ogbole's farming process centres around two concepts：soilless farm-ing and aeroponics（气雾栽培）.To put it simply—he's growing food in the air.
As Ogbole explained during a TED talk，aeroponics is the future of agriculture because it offers many benefits.For example，it is cheaper than traditional farming because there is no need to hire as many workers since everything is done with a"click".Also，this kind of farm-ing is more environmentally friendly since farmers don't use pesticides.At the same time，there are no space limitations—planting in the air means you can plant as many layers as you like.The sky is the limit literally!
So，the young farmer has been practicing aeroponics for more than five years with impressive results.His work was recently praised on social media this summer when he was featured in a network post.In the post，Ogbole's farming method was mentioned，and Internet users had the chance to see pictures of the farmer's produce.
Many viewers think southern Nigeria needs this method to grow crops.This will help in bringing down the price and avoiding future food blockades from the north.It seems that people are already realizing that this method will change the way people grow food.And，most importantly，it will help solve some of the issues related to hunger around the world.
4. What does the figure in paragraph 1 show？ ______
A. The necessity of growing food in the air.
B. The number of hungry people.
C. The seriousness of hunger.
D. The existing population problem.
5. Why do people still starve to death in the world according to the text？ ______
A. Food is not equally shared.
B. Their basic needs are not met.
C. There is not enough food supply.
D. They have no scientific planting methods.
6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about？ ______
A. The theory of aeroponics.
B. The advantages of aeroponics.
C. How to grow food in the air.
D. The downsides of traditional farming.
7. What do viewers think of Ogbole's farming method？ ______
A. Unrealistic. B. Funny. C. Promising. D. Helpless.
C
A new study from North Carolina State University found that biology textbooks have done a poor job of including material related to climate change.For example，the study found that most biology textbooks published（出版） in the 2010s included less information about climate change than they did in the previous decade—despite significant advances in our under-standing of how climate change is influencing ecosystems and the environment.
"In short，we found biology textbooks are failing to share enough information about climate change，which is a generation-defining topic in the life sciences，"says Jennifer Landin，author of the study."These books are the baseline texts for helping students understand the science of life on Earth，yet they are providing very little information about a phenomenon that is having a great impact on habitats，ecosystems，agriculture—almost every aspect（方面） of life on Earth."
For the study，researchers investigated coverage of climate change in 57 college biology textbooks published between 1970 and 2019.The researchers found climate coverage has varied greatly over those five decades and that the amount of climate coverage in textbooks fell off in the 2010s.In addition to length，the nature of the content has also changed greatly over time.
"One of the most troubling findings was that textbooks are devoting less space to ad-dressing climate solutions now than they did in the 1990s—even as they focus more on the effects of climate change，"Landin says."That suggests to students that nothing can be done，which is both wildly misleading and contributes to a sense of fatalism（宿命论） regarding climate change."
"We are hoping that this study will serve as a wake-up call for publishers and instructors.We need to do a much better job of putting climate change into our courses if we want to pre-pare students to understand the role that climate change is playing in shaping life on Earth and how we study it，"Landin says.
8. What is the example in paragraph 1 used to do？ ______
A. Prove biology textbooks' poor performance.
B. Show the dissatisfaction with climate change.
C. Attract the attention of students studying biology.
D. Show the content of textbooks published in the 2010s.
9. What is the problem of biology textbooks according to Landin？ ______
A. No enough material about climate change.
B. Not covering every aspect of life on Earth.
C. Providing little new information about biology.
D. No generation-defining topics in the textbooks.
10. How did the researchers conduct the study？ ______
A. By tracking textbook publishers.
B. By doing surveys of students in colleges.
C. By observing climate change for 50 years.
D. By investigating college biology textbooks.
11. What does Landin expect the study to function as？ ______
A. A wake-up call for biology science.
B. A warning to take biology seriously.
C. A direction of studying climate change.
D. An alarm bell for publishers and teachers.
D
A healthy diet may not offset（抵消） the effects of a high salt intake on blood pressure，suggests a new study.The research，from scientists at a number of institutions，studied the diets of over 4，000 people.The results showed that people eating higher amounts of salt had higher blood pressure—no matter how healthy a person's overall diet.
The scientists behind the research are now advising people to monitor their salt intake—and food companies to lower the salt content in their products.
High blood pressure affects more than one in four adults in the UK，and increases the risk of a number of conditions including heart attacks and stroke.It's thought that vitamins and minerals in fruit and vegetables might in some way affect blood vessels（血管），enabling them to lower blood pressure.Previously，experts believed that eating high amounts of fruit and vegetables might help offset the effects of high salt on blood pressure.However，while these foods do tend to lower blood pressure，the new research suggests they do not offset the adverse influence of high salt intake.
In the paper，the team studied data from the so-called INTERMAP study.In this study published in 2018，scientists tracked the diets of 4，680 people，aged 40-59，from the USA，the UK，Japan and China.The researchers found a link between high blood pressure and high salt intake，even in people who were on a healthy diet.
The recommended upper limit of adult salt intake in the UK is 6 g a day.The study found that the average salt intake across the study was 10.7 g a day.The average intake for the UK was 8.5 g，while the intake for the USA，China and Japan were 9.6 g ，13.4 g and 11.7 g respectively.
Increasing salt intake above this average amount was linked to an increase in blood pressure.Dr Queenie Chan，joint lead author of the research，said the research shows the importance of cutting salt intake.
12. What can food industry do to help lower people's high blood pressure？ ______
A. Make salt-free food only.
B. Monitor the quality of their products.
C. Take control of their salt production.
D. Cut down salt content in their products.
13. What does the underlined word"adverse"in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Adventurous. B. Harmful. C. Brief. D. Average.
14. Which of the following nations has the highest average salt intake？ ______
A. The USA. B. China. C. Japan. D. The UK.
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. A healthy diet may not offset the effects of high salt intake
B. High blood pressure is related to high salt intake
C. Research shows the importance of cutting salt intake
D. People eating higher amounts of salt have higher blood pressure
For some people，income，fame，and a good work-life balance are the most important aspects when choosing a career（职业） path.（1） ______ .Looking for a job where you can make a difference？Here are some choices worth exploring.
Emergency services
Whether you choose to join the police，ambulance，or fire and rescue service，there are plenty of roles in this field.（2） ______ .You'll never have a boring day at work，but you'll also have to deal with a lot of pressure and stress on a regular basis since a job as a first responder is both mentally and physically demanding.
（ 3） ______
Caring for those in need can give you a sense of purpose and help you connect with people on a deeper level，so it's a very rewarding job.But this career path can be equally demanding，stressful，and exhausting.Empathy，patience，compassion，great communication skills，good observation，initiative，and physical strength are some of the most important caregiver skills and qualities you need in this field.
Charity work
Working for a charity is the very definition of helping and supporting people in need.From working in communications，HR，or IT to choosing a job in administration or fundraising，there are different ways in which you can bring your contribution.（4） ______ .
Social work
（ 5） ______ .You ' ll be working with some of the most weak groups of people in society such as the elderly，children，adults with mental health issues，and so on.You'll help people deal with challenging situations，which can be both frightening and extremely rewarding.
A.Care giving
B.Nursing and healthcare
C.Thus，you'll be able to help people
D.It will put you at the forefront of social change and development
E.They allow you to serve your community and make the world a better place
F.For others，the possibility to help others far outweighs the rest of the benefits
G.Besides，charity jobs may also provide free working hours and conditions of employment
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home.He used his scooter（滑板车） to （1） ______ the bus stop in Santa Clarita and from there，he would take a 90-minute bus（2） ______ to Century City.After getting off the bus，he would again use his scooter to get to the（3） ______ .
His students were（4） ______ of their teacher's commuting（通勤） struggles and were very grateful for his hard work despite his（5） ______ .Commuting every day was very（6） ______ for Castro but this didn't make him give up on his passion for teaching. （7） ______ ，he used it as a motivation（动力） to work harder and show his students how hard work can（8） ______ one day.
Castro was right about it and now，he can enjoy the（9） ______ of his hard work.His kind students gifted him with a dark blue car.Knowing how（10） ______ petrol nowadays is，they bought their teacher a year's worth of gasoline.They also got him car insurance，which（11） ______ as financial protection in case of accidents.The kind- hearted high school students spent the entire summer（12） ______ over＄30，000 with the help of several organizations.
Castro is very（13） ______ to his students."I feel surprised.I feel special.So thank you to my students.They are like my kids as well，" Castro said.His students are very happy to（14） ______ their math teacher and they are confident that he will find some（15） ______ to pay it forward.
21. A. get B. reach C. identify D. observe
22. A. trip B. stop C. space D. crowd
23. A. goal B. company C. school D. place
24. A. aware B. proud C. fond D. tired
25. A. family B. atmosphere C. activity D. situation
26. A. comfortable B. challenging C. suitable D. confusing
27. A. Otherwise B. However C. Thus D. Instead
28. A. pay off B. go off C. fade away D. march on
29. A. data B. feature C. state D. fruit
30. A. effective B. priceless C. expensive D. dangerous
31. A. forms B. serves C. supplies D. develops
32. A. raising B. donating C. operating D. carrying
33. A. responsible B. thoughtful C. thankful D. generous
34. A. have B. help C. like D. see
35. A. minds B. voices C. rights D. ways
36. On a weekend in early October，Hu Wenjue and a group of children gathered in a wetland park.Hu pointed at a wild bird and spoke in a low voice while the children were listening（1） ______ （careful）.
Hu is a pioneer in nature education in Hefei，Anhui Province.He （2） ______ （ found） an organization five years ago to offer several nature-based （3） ______ （program） for children under 12 years old.Through various outdoor activities，such as（4） ______ （ identify） plants and exploring forests，nature education aims （5） ______ （teach） participants，mostly urban residents，how to appreciate，respect and live in harmony （6） ______ nature.
"Respecting the laws of nature and coexisting with nature harmoniously，we could change our lifestyle for the（7） ______ （ good） and it is a virtuous cycle（良性循环），" Hu said.He hopes to see more people protect nature （8） ______ promote green development and ecological civilization in China.
In recent years，China has seen great development in nature education，（9） ______ is nourished（滋养） by the country's rich natural resources such as nature reserves，forest parks，wetland parks and geological parks.
" Nature is generous to us if we give（10） ______ （ protect） to her，and don't forget that we all belong to nature，"Hu said.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. I opened a savings ______ （账户） at my local bank.
38. The Prize serves to raising ______ （意识） of human rights，particularly among decision-makers and the general public.
39. A bicycle is often more______（方便的） than a car in towns．
40. When they came to ______ （装饰） the bedroom，it was Jemma who had the final say.
41. They are very ______ （慷慨的） givers to charity.
42. The amount of money you have to spend will ______ （限制） your choice.
43. Losing weight is a slow，gradual ______ （过程） .
44. They decided to stick with their ______ （原先的） plan.
45. Our ______ （小册子） is printed on environmentally-friendly paper.
46. Her ______ （评论） was uncomfortably close to the truth.
47. 假定你是李华，你将作为交换生去美国纽约的一所高中学习。请你写一封邮件给在纽约的好友Mike，向他了解如何更好地融入当地的校园生活，内容包括：
（1）写信目的；
（2）征求建议；
（3）表达感谢。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为100左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike，
Yours， Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Palermo Street Food Tour部分Explore Palermo's streets on this wonderful，guided walking tour.（在这场精彩的导游徒步旅行中，探索巴勒莫的街道。）可知在巴勒莫的街道上旅行最好的方式是步行。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Sunset on Mount Etna部分Experience an amazing sunset with an evening tour of Mount Etna，Europe's highest active volcano（火山）.You and your fellow companions will be driven through lush landscapes that make way for lunar-like lava.（晚上游览欧洲最高的活火山埃特纳火山，体验令人惊叹的日落。你和你的同伴将开车穿过郁郁葱葱的景观，为月球般的熔岩让路）可知Sunset on Mount Etna适合火山爱好者。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据Essence &Perfume Experience部分At Palazzo Mocenigo，a former noble residence turned museum，you'll spend two hours being guided through the complex world of perfume and its history as you make your own personalized perfume to take home.（在莫森尼戈宫（Palazzo Mocenigo），一座由贵族住宅改造而成的博物馆，你将花两个小时被带领着穿越在复杂的香水世界及其历史，制作自己的个性化香水带回家）；Palermo Street Food Tour部分Explore Palermo's streets on this wonderful，guided walking tour.（在这场精彩的导游徒步旅行中，探索巴勒莫的街道）；Sunset on Mount Etna部分Your final leg is an exciting 30-minute hike with your expert guide.（最后一站是与专家导游一起进行令人兴奋的30分钟徒步旅行）以及Bike Tour in the Itria Valley部分An experienced team will help you select a suitable bike and then you're off on this guided bike ride!（经验丰富的团队将帮助您选择合适的自行车，然后您就可以在导游的带领下骑行了！）可知这四次旅行的共同点是它们是有导游带领的旅行。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四次旅游的详细信息。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段This year，almost 7 million people have died of hunger already.（今年已经有约700万人死于饥饿）可知第一段中的数字显示了饥饿问题很严重。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段The food exists—it just doesn't get to where it needs to be.（食物是存在的，只是没有到达需要它的地方）可知世界上食物分配不平等是导致饥荒的原因。故选A。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段As Ogbole explained during a TED talk，aeroponics is the future of agriculture because it offers many benefits（Ogbole认为气雾栽培是农业的未来，因为它有很多好处。）可知，此段主要介绍气雾栽培的优点。A.The theory of aeroponics.雾培理论；B.The advantages of aeroponics.雾培技术的优势；C.How to grow food in the air.如何在空气中种植食物；D.The downsides of traditional farming.传统农业的缺点。故选B。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段It seems that people are already realizing that this method will change the way people grow food.And，most importantly，it will help solve some of the issues related to hunger around the world.（人们似乎已经意识到这种方法将改变人们种植食物的方式。最重要的是，它将有助于解决世界各地与饥饿有关的一些问题。）可知人们认为该方法非常有前景。A.Unrealistic.不现实的；B.Funny.有趣的；C.Promising.有前景的；D.Helpless.无助的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。尼日利亚农民 Samson Ogbole用一种新的方式---气雾栽培，种植水果和蔬菜。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】A、A、D、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段A new study from North Carolina State University found that biology textbooks have done a poor job of including material related to climate change.（研究表明，生物教科书在纳入气候变化相关材料方面做得很差）可知第一段中的例子用来证明生物教科书的糟糕表现。也就是说后面一句举例是为了论证该观点。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 "In short，we found biology textbooks are failing to share enough information about climate change，which is a generation-defining topic in the life sciences，"says Jennifer Landin（"简而言之，我们发现生物教科书未能分享足够的关于气候变化的信息，这是生命科学中定义一代人的话题，"詹妮弗•兰丁说）可知，生物教科书缺乏足够的关于气候变化方面的资料。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 For the study，researchers investigated coverage of climate change in 57 college biology textbooks published between 1970 and 2019.（在这项研究中，研究人员调查了1970年至2019年间出版的57本大学生物学教科书中关于气候变化的报道。）可知，研究人员是通过研究1970年至2019年出版的57本大学生物教科书中关于气候变化的内容才得出的结论。A.By tracking textbook publishers.通过追踪教科书出版商；B.By doing surveys of students in colleges.通过对大学学生的调查；C.By observing climate change for 50 years.通过观察50年的气候变化；D.By investigating college biology textbooks.通过调查大学生物课本。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段We are hoping that this study will serve as a wake-up call for publishers and instructors.（我们希望这项研究能给出版商和教师敲响警钟。）可知，Landin希望这项研究能为出版商和教师敲响警钟。故选D。
本文是说明文。一项新的研究发现，生物教科书在纳入气候变化相关材料方面做得很差。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】D、B、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The scientists behind the research are now advising people to monitor their salt intake—and food companies to lower the salt content in their products.（这项研究背后的科学家现在建议人们监控盐的摄入量，并建议食品制造商降低产品中的含盐量。）可知食品工业降低了产品中的盐含量，以帮助降低人们的高血压。故选D。
（2）词义推测题。根据第三段Previously，experts believed that eating high amounts of fruit and vegetables might help offset the effects of high salt on blood pressure.However，while these foods do tend to lower blood pressure，the new research suggests they do not offset the adverse influence of high salt intake.（此前，专家认为食用大量水果和蔬菜可能有助于抵消高盐对血压的影响。虽然这些食物确实有助于降低血压，但新的研究表明，它们并不能抵消高盐摄入的不利影响。）可知adverse的意思是"有害的，不利的"。A.Adventurous.冒险的；B.Harmful.有害的，不理的；C.Brief.简短的；D.Average.平均的。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段The recommended upper limit of adult salt intake in the UK is 6 g a day.The study found that the average salt intake across the study was 10.7 g a day.The average intake for the UK was 8.5 g，while the intake for the USA，China and Japan were 9.6 g ，13.4 g and 11.7 g respectively.（英国人的平均盐摄入量为8.5克，而美国人、中国人和日本人的平均盐摄入量分别为9.6克、13.4克和11.7克。中国人的平均盐摄入量最高。）可知中国平均盐摄入量最高。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段A healthy diet may not offset（抵消） the effects of a high salt intake on blood pressure，suggests a new study.（一项新的研究表明，健康的饮食可能无法抵消高盐摄入对血压的影响。）可知，健康的饮食可能无法抵消高盐摄入对血压的影响。后面几段围绕此话题展开。因此最佳标题是A.A healthy diet may not offset the effects of high salt intake（健康的饮食可能无法抵消高盐摄入的影响）。故选A。
本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明，即便是健康的饮食也可能无法抵消高盐摄入对血压的影响。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】F、C、A、D、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上一句For some people，income，fame，and a good work-life balance are the most important aspects when choosing a career（职业） path.（对一些人来说，在选择职业道路时，收入、名气和良好的工作与生活平衡是最重要的方面。）可知此处说的是职业选择对人们的影响。所以F项"对其他人来说，帮助他人的可能性远远超过其他好处"符合语境。故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据上一句Whether you choose to join the police，ambulance，or fire and rescue service，there are plenty of roles in this field.（无论你选择加入警察、救护车还是消防救援服务，在这个领域都有很多角色。）可知此处说的是在这个领域有很多机会可以帮助到别人。所以C项"因此，你将能够帮助人们"符合语境。故选C。
（3）段落标题题。根据下一句Caring for those in need can give you a sense of purpose and help you connect with people on a deeper level，so it's a very rewarding job.（照顾那些需要帮助的人可以给你一种目标感，并帮助你与更深层次的人建立联系，所以这是一份非常有回报的工作）可知此处说的是照顾别人。所以A项"护理"符合语境。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据本段标题 Charity work（慈善工作）以及上一句From working in communications，HR，or IT to choosing a job in administration or fundraising，there are different ways in which you can bring your contribution.（从从事通信、人力资源或IT工作到选择行政或筹款工作，你可以通过不同的方式做出贡献。）可知此处说的是从事慈善工作的好处，以及接触到的社会前沿工作。所以D项"它将使你处于社会变革和发展的前沿"符合语境。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据下一句You ' ll be working with some of the most weak groups of people in society such as the elderly，children，adults with mental health issues，and so on.（你将与社会上一些最弱势的群体合作，如老年人、儿童、有心理健康问题的成年人等。）可知此处说的是为社区服务。所以E项"他们让你为社区服务，让世界变得更美好"符合语境。故选E。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些可以有所作为并值得探索的职业选择。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、A、D、B、D、A、D、C、B、A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.get得到；B.reach到达；C.identify确认；D.observe观察。根据上句Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home（Julio Castro是YULA男子高中的一名数学老师，他花了两个小时去学校，又花了两个小时回家）可知他滑着他的滑板车到达 Santa Clarita的公交车站。故答案为B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.trip旅行；B.stop停止；C.space空间；D.crowd人群。从那里，他要坐90分钟的公交车到Century City。说明这是一次简短的旅行。故答案为A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.goal目标；B.company公司；C.school学校；D.place地方。根据前文Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home（Julio Castro是YULA男子高中的一名数学老师，他花了两个小时去学校，又花了两个小时回家）可知下车后，他又会滑着他的滑板车去学校。故答案为C。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.aware有意识的；B.proud自豪的；C.fond喜欢的；D.tired疲惫的。根据空后their teacher's commuting（通勤） struggles可知他的学生们知道他们的老师通勤困难且非常感激他在情况艰难之下所做的努力。故答案为A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.family家庭；B.atmosphere氛围；C.activity活动；D.situation状况。他的学生们知道他们的老师通勤困难且非常感激他在情况艰难之下所做的努力。故答案为D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.comfortable舒服的；B.challenging有挑战性的；C.suitable合适的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据前文Julio Castro，a math teacher at YULA Boys High School，spent two hours going to school and another 2 hours going back home（Julio Castro是YULA男子高中的一名数学老师，他花了两个小时去学校，又花了两个小时回家）可知每天上下班对Castro来说是一个很大的挑战，但这并没有让他放弃对教学的热情。故答案为B。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.Otherwise否则；B.However然而；C.Thus因此；D.Instead取而代之，相反。根据下句he used it as a motivation（动力） to work harder and show his students how hard work can（8）one day.（他把它作为更加努力工作的动力。）可知本句与上句Commuting every day was very（6）for Castro but this didn't make him give up on his passion for teaching（每天上下班对Castro来说是一个很大的挑战，但这并没有让他放弃对教学的热情。）是相反的意思。故答案为D。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pay off得到回报；B.go off离开；C.fade away逐渐消失；D.march on前进。根据常识和空前how hard work可知并向他的学生展示，努力工作总有一天会得到回报。故答案为A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.data数据；B.feature特点；C.state状态；D.fruit成果。根据下句His kind students gifted him with a dark blue car可知他善良的学生送给他一辆深蓝色的汽车。说明他可以享受他努力工作的成果。故答案为D。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.effective高效的；B.priceless无价的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.dangerous危险的。根据下句they bought their teacher a year's worth of gasoline可知所以给老师买了一年的汽油。说明他们知道现在汽油有多贵，故答案为C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.forms形成；B.serves服务；C.supplies提供；D.develops发展。根据上句They also got him car insurance可知他们还为他买了汽车保险，假如发生事故，这个可以提供经济保障。故答案为B。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.raising筹集；B.donating捐赠；C.operating动手术；D.carrying搬运。根据空后over＄30，000 with the help of several organizations.可知这些善良的高中生在几个组织的帮助下，用了整个夏天筹集了3万多美元。故答案为A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.responsible负责的；B.thoughtful考虑周到的；C.thankful感激的；D.generous大方的。根据下句I feel surprised.I feel special.So thank you to my students.They are like my kids as well可知我感到惊讶。我觉得自己很特别。所以感谢我的学生。他们也像我的孩子一样。说明Castro非常感谢他的学生。故答案为C。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.have有；B.help帮助；C.like喜欢；D.see看到。根据前文they bought their teacher a year's worth of gasoline可知所以给老师买了一年的汽油。说明他的学生很乐意帮助他们的数学老师。故答案为B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.minds意识；B.voices声音；C.rights权利；D.ways方式。他们相信他会找到一些方法来传递这种爱。故答案为D。
本文是记叙文，讲述了YULA Boys High School的学生们筹款为通勤不便的老师买车的故事。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】carefully
【小题2】founded
【小题3】programs
【小题4】identifying
【小题5】to teach
【小题6】with
【小题7】better
【小题8】and
【小题9】which
【小题10】protection
【解析】（1）考查副词。句意：胡指着一只野鸟低声说话，孩子们正在仔细听。分析可知，此处应用副词carefully作状语，修饰动词listening。故填carefully。
（2）考查时态。句意：五年前，他创立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个以自然为基础的课程。分析可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语five years ago可知，文章是在讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填founded。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：五年前，他创立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个以自然为基础的课程。program在这里意为"课程"，是可数名词，结合修饰词several可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填programs。
（4）考查动名词。句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在教会参与者（主要是城市居民）如何欣赏、尊重自然并与自然和谐相处。分析可知，此处与and后的exploring forests并列作such as的宾语，故此处应用动名词形式。故填identifying。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在教会参与者（主要是城市居民）如何欣赏、尊重自然并与自然和谐相处。aim to do sth."旨在做某事"，故此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to teach。
（6）考查介词。句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在教会参与者（主要是城市居民）如何欣赏、尊重自然并与自然和谐相处。根据句意可知，此处表示"与......和谐相处"，短语in harmony with符合题意。故填with。
（7）考查固定搭配。句意：胡说："尊重自然规律，与自然和谐共处，我们可以使我们的生活方式变得更好，这是一个良性循环。"change for the better"变得更好"，故此处应使用good的比较级better。故填better。
（8）考查连词。句意：他希望看到更多的人保护自然，促进中国的绿色发展和生态文明。根据句意可知，protect nature和promote green development之间为并列关系，故应用连词and连接。故填and。
（9）考查定语从句关系词。句意：近年来，中国在自然教育方面取得了巨大发展，这得益于国家丰富的自然资源，如自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园和地质公园等。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为nature education，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意："如果我们给与大自然保护，大自然对我们是很慷慨的，不要忘记我们都属于大自然，"胡说。分析可知，此处应用名词作give的宾语，protection"保护"为不可数名词。故填protection。
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了自然教育的带头人胡文爵在自然教育方面的贡献及对人类的建议。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】account
【解析】答案：account。不定冠词a接单数可数名词。故填account。
我在本地银行开了一个储蓄账户。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．
38.【答案】awareness
【解析】根据括号内词义，"意识"可译为awareness，抽象名词，不可数。
故填：awareness。
该奖项有助于提高人权意识，特别是在决策者和公众中。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
39.【答案】convenient
【解析】答案：convenient
方便的：convenient，形容词；句中convenient作系动词的表语，且前面有more构成比较级，用形容词原形即可．
在小镇上自行车经常比汽车更方便．
翻译填空题考查的是词汇记忆和句意理解能力．解题时，要用理解句意的前提下，注意词汇的拼写．
40.【答案】decorate
【解析】根据括号内词义，"装饰"可译为decorate，come to do sth."来做某事"，所以此处应用动词原形。
故填：decorate。
当他们来装修卧室时，是杰玛说了算。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
41.【答案】generous
【解析】根据句意及汉语提示"慷慨的"可知，此处应用形容词generous作定语，修饰后文名词givers。
故填：generous。
他们是慈善事业的慷慨捐助者。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
42.【答案】limit
【解析】根据括号内词义，"限制"可译为limit，分析句子可知，此处在句中作谓语，will后接动词原形。
故填：limit。
你必须花的钱会限制你的选择。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
43.【答案】process
【解析】根据括号内的汉语提示可知，考查process，由句中的a可知，设空处需用名词单数形式。
故填：process。
减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。
单词填空，首先要弄清楚所给句子的意思，明确所给词的词性，然后结合语境、语法知识、固定搭配等确定空白处所需的形式，填写拼写正确的单词。
44.【答案】original
【解析】根据句意及汉语提示"原先的"可知，此处应用形容词original作定语，修饰后文名词plan。
故填：original。
他们决定继续执行原来的计划。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
45.【答案】brochure
【解析】答案：brochure.分析句子可知，此处作主语，且结合句意和is可知，此处用名词的单数形式brochure表示"小册子"作主语。
故答案为brochure。
我们的小册子是用环保纸印制的。
对于这种题型，要分析句子意思，再从结构和意义上对答案进行确定。
46.【答案】comment
【解析】根据括号内词义，"评论"可译为 comment，根据was可知横线处用名词单数。
故填：comment。
她评论逼近真相，令人局促不安。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
47.【答案】Dear Mike，
How are you doing？I'm going to study in a high school in New York as an exchange student，which is a good opportunity for me to experience American culture，broaden my horizon and enrich my school life.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
However，what worries me now is that I haven't got a good command of American culture.【高分句型二】I'm afraid I will have some difficulty in getting along with others when I am in the foreign school.Therefore，I would like you to give me some suggestions about how to better fit into local campus life.In this way，I can make good preparations before going there.（征求建议）
I would appreciate it if you could help me.（表达感谢）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I'm going to study in a high school in New York as an exchange student，which is a good opportunity for me to experience American culture，broaden my horizon and enrich my school life.
译文：我将作为交换生在纽约的一所高中学习，这对我来说是一个体验美国文化、开阔视野和丰富学校生活的好机会。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：However，what worries me now is that I haven't got a good command of American culture.
译文：然而，现在让我担心的是，我还没有很好地掌握美国文化。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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