2022-2023学年北京市丰台区高一下学期期中联考英语试题（B卷）含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年北京市丰台区高一下学期期中联考英语试题（B卷）含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了 A， in 17等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 丰台区2022-2023学年度第二学期期中练习
高一英语(B卷)
(练习时间：90分钟)
第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I found the bed shaking, gently at first. Because I was half asleep and not a native, I just thought it was nothing serious.
Sitting up, I turned on the bedside lamp. It was 3:34 a.m. ___1___, my 14th-floor Santiago Hotel room came alive, like a very angry animal shaking a smaller one in its teeth. Then the lights ___2___. The noise was more ___3___ in the dark. A strong feeling of ___4___ began to control me. As I pulled myself to standing, I couldn’t help ___5___ that I might not see my husband and sons again.
In a hurry I opened the door of my room and expected to find people. But___6___, there was no one about. My mind was crying crazily, ___7___ I didn’t even call for help. Luckily, a middle-aged man came up. He just said, “We should go ___8___.” I said “Okay” and followed him to the stairs. On a lower floor I joined in a river of people and walked our way outside to the tennis courts, where a crowd of several hundred were ___9___. Some were crying, all were weak. Then I noticed that a woman was about to fall down and immediately I went to ___10___ her. When I looked around and saw frightened children in parents’ arms, my selfish thought was thank God that my ___11___ weren’t here.
Soon hotel staff were setting up chairs and passing around bottled water. They offered us tablecloths to wrap (包裹) around ourselves against the night ___12___ and shoes for people whose feet were bare. They seemed very ___13___ while in fact they too must be afraid.
I felt lucky to be alive, but as a ___14___, my relief was mixed with guilt for we soon learned that the earthquake had left many dead and others homeless and tsunamis (海啸) were ___15___ the way.
1. A. Carefully B. Suddenly C. Secretly D. Recently
2. A. turned on B. ran away C. gave in D. went out
3. A. frightening B. shocking C. disappointing D. tiring
4. A. excitement B. fear C. joy D. anger
5. A. dreaming B. believing C. recalling D. thinking
6 A. surprisingly B. usually C. actually D. exactly
7. A. and B. but C. or D. so
8. A. downstairs B. inside C. upstairs D. around
9. A. lying B. standing C. sitting D. sleeping
10. A. persuade B. comfort C. support D. ignore
11. A. relatives B. brothers C. friends D. kids
12. A. coldness B. warmth C. darkness D. loneliness
13. A. proud B. polite C. upset D. calm
14. A. reporter B. survivor C. visitor D. rescuer
15. A. by B. in C. on D. from
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者经历的一次可怕的地震。
【1题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我14楼圣地亚哥酒店的房间活了起来，就像一只非常愤怒的动物在牙齿上摇晃着一只小动物。A. Carefully仔细地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Secretly秘密地；D. Recently最近。根据前文“Sitting up, I turned on the bedsideamp. (我坐起来，打开床头灯)”可知，此处是指事情突然发生。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后灯熄灭了。A. turned on打开；B. ran away逃跑；C. gave in放弃；D. went out熄灭。根据后文“in the dark”可知，此处是指灯熄灭了。故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：黑暗中的噪音更加可怕。A. frightening令人恐惧的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. tiring令人困倦的。根据后文“might not seemy husbandand sons again”可知，此处是指黑暗中的噪音令人恐惧。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种强烈的恐惧感开始控制我。A. excitement兴奋；B. fear恐惧；C. joy喜悦；D. anger愤怒。根据后文“might not see my husband and sons again”可知，此处是指一种强烈的恐惧感。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站起来时，我不禁想到我可能再也见不到我的丈夫和儿子了。A. dreaming做梦；B. believing相信；C. recalling回忆；D. thinking思考。根据后半句“that I might not see my husband andsons again”可知，此处是指不禁想到这些让人恐惧的事情。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但令人惊讶的是，没有人。A. surprisingly出人意料地；B. usually通常；C. actually实际上；D. exactly精确地。根据前文“expected to fnd people”和“there was no one about”可知，此处是指周围一个人也没有让作者很惊讶。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我的心在疯狂地哭泣，但我甚至没有呼救。A. and和；B. but但；C. or或者；D. so所以。根据上半句“My mind was crying crazily”和后文“didn’t even call for help”可知，前后构成转折关系，所以应用转折词but。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他只是说：“我们该下楼了”。A. downstairs下楼；B. inside室内；C. upstairs楼上；D. around周围。根据后文“On a lower floor(在较低的楼层)”可知，此处是指应该下楼。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在较低的楼层，我加入了一条人河，走到外面的网球场，那里站着几百人。A. lying躺；B. standing站；C. sitting坐；D. sleeping睡觉。根据上半句“walked our way outside to the tennis courts”可知，此处是指到网球场避难，所以是几百人站在那里。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到一个女人快要摔倒了，我立即去扶她。A. persuade说服；B. comfort安慰；C. support支持；D. ignore忽略。根据上文“Then I noticed that a woman was about to fall down”可知，此处是指过去扶她。故选C项。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我环顾四周，看到父母怀里受惊的孩子时，我自私的想法是感谢上帝，我的孩子不在这里。A. relatives亲戚；B. brothers兄弟；C. friends朋友；D. kids孩子。根据上句“saw frightened children in parents’ arms”可知，此处是指感谢上帝自己的孩子们不在这里。故选D项。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为我们提供了桌布，让我们裹住以抵御夜晚的寒冷，并为裸露脚的人提供鞋子。A. coldness寒冷；B. warmth温暖；C. darkness黑暗；D. loneliness孤独。根据上一句“They offered us tablecloths to wrap (包裹) around ourselves”可知，此处是指用桌布裹身抵御寒冷。故选A项。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们看起来很平静，但实际上他们也一定很害怕。A. proud骄傲的；B. polite礼貌的；C. upset心烦意乱的；D. calm冷静的。根据“while”可知，前后构成对比关系，所以此处是指他们看起来很平静。故选D项。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运能活着，但作为一名幸存者，我的宽慰夹杂着内疚，因为我们很快得知地震造成许多人死亡，其他人无家可归，海啸即将来临。A. reporter记者；B. survivor幸存者；C. visitor访客；D. rescuer救援人员。根据上半句“I felt lucky to be alive”可知，此处是指作为幸存者。故选B项。
【15题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运能活着，但作为一名幸存者，我的宽慰夹杂着内疚，因为我们很快得知地震造成许多人死亡，其他人无家可归，海啸（海啸）即将来临。A. by通过；B. in里面；C. on上面；D. from从。根据上一句“the earthquake had left many dead and others homeless”可知，此处是指海啸即将到来，on the way意为“即将到来”。故选C项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
For most of her life, Anna Mary Roberts worked very hard making a living on a farm. She began to paint ___16___ her seventies. She displayed her artworks in her town when she was eighty. The paintings ___17___ (notice) by an art collector, who recognized Anna’s remarkable talent. He bought all the paintings on display. Later, three of her paintings were exhibited in one of the most well-known art ___18___ (museum) in New York City. Soon, people around the world heard of Anna and her delightful artworks. People loved looking at the old-fashioned scenes that Anna had created.
【答案】16. in 17. were noticed
18. museums
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在七十岁时开始画画的Anna Mary Roberts，她的作品被人们所喜爱。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：她在70岁的时候开始画画。分析句子可知，空处是in her seventies固定结构，意为“在她七十岁的时候”，故填in。
【17题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这些画被一位艺术收藏家注意到了，他发现了安娜非凡的才华。主语paintings为可数名词复数形式，谓语也应使用复数形式，时态应该与前后句保持一致，用一般过去时；主语paintings和notice之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用被动语态，所以填were noticed。
【18题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：后来，她的三幅画在纽约市最著名的艺术博物馆之一展出。分析句子可知，固定短语one of（其中之一）后接可数名词复数形式。故填museums。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The people living in Wenchuan county will never forget the day 12 May, 2008. Now, more than 10 years on, the people in Wenchuan are living a new life. Many live in new towns ___19___ people can live safely. The people will never forget those who ___20___ (rescue) them and helped them rebuild their home. Out of gratitude, many young adults have chosen to study medicine or join the army in a wish ___21___ (help) more people. Wenchuan has become a symbol of the Chinese spirit of never giving up.
【答案】19. where
20. rescued
21. to help
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了汶川地震后，被帮助的人开始了新生活，年轻人希望去帮助更多的人，汶川已经成为中华民族永不放弃精神的象征
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：许多人住在新城镇，这样人们就能安全的生活。分析句子及结构可知，此处为连词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词new towns表地点。故填where。
【20题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：人们永远不会忘记那些拯救他们并帮助他们重建家园的人。分析句子及结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据并列句的谓语动词helped可知，此处应使用一般过去时态，与主语之间为主动关系。故填rescued。
【21题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：出于感激，许多年轻人选择学医或参军，希望能帮助更多的人。分析句子及结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词wish，修饰表示“愿望”的名词通常使用不定式形式，且表示主动意义。故填to help。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Students are busy. Between classes, homework and family, there can be a lot to balance. So why do we suggest that you join a student organization? In fact, doing this will have a great effect on the students ___22___ goals are to become better in school and future life. First of all, you will feel ___23___ (cheer) to have so many opportunities to learn more about yourselves and your strengths. You can also find out ___24___ you’re good at, whether that’s listening, staying organized, or serving others. This awareness will be beneficial in ___25___ (you) future career.
【答案】22. whose
23. cheerful
24. what 25. your
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了学生们参加学生组织的益处就是可以让他们更加了解自己的强项和优势，从而有利于未来的职业发展。
【22题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：事实上，这样做将会对于那些想要在未来的学校和生活当中变得更好的学生有很大的影响。此处为定语从句修饰先行词students，先行词在从句中作goals的定语，表示所属关系，只能用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【23题详解】
考查形容词。句意：首先，你会很高兴可以拥有很多的机会去更多了解你自己和你的优势。空处应用形容词作feel的表语，空处应使用其形容词形式cheerful，意为“感到高兴的；欢快的”，符合句意。故填cheerful。
【24题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：你也会发现你所擅长的东西，是否是倾听，保持有条不紊，或者为他人服务。空处引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中充当at的宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【25题详解】
考查代词。句意：这种意识对你未来的职业生涯是有益的。分析句子可知，空处需使用形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词future career（未来的职业生涯）。故填your。
第二部分阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind. Few people will actually tell you what they want for a special occasion and most of the time your loved ones will insist that they don’t need or want anything! So, what to do? Here are some tips that could help.
Start Early
Starting your shopping early can have many advantages. For instance, it gives you enough time to come up with ideas for what you should buy your friends or family members. Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird.
Make a List
Here, you can write down everything your friends or family members love. This can include food, hobbies, experiences, and more. Then try to determine how to use this information to find a gift that perfectly suits them. If you are lucky, you should be able to find good ideas in one of these lists.
Think outside the Box
Often, the reason why you get stuck for gift ideas is that you only focus on the same kind of presents. If you are still coming up empty, it is time to get creative. You can find something your friends or family members can use every day. When in doubt, you can simply put smaller presents together to make up a larger, more meaningful gift.
Gift an Experience
In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company. In short, you will be able to give them the gift of friendship.
26 Start your shopping early can help you _______.
A. buy gifts in lower prices
B. change ideas very often
C. read your friend’s mind easily
D. make a list of preferred gifts
27. To enjoy each other’s company, you can _______.
A. talk to your family members
B. find something that you can do together
C. write down everything your friends love
D. put smaller gifts together to make up a larger one
28. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To suggest ways on how to make friends.
B. To give advice on reading minds.
C. To share a travel story.
D. To offer tips on buying presents.
【答案】26. A 27. B 28. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要给出了几条如何找到完美礼物的建议：提前选购，列清单，跳出固有思维以及把共同经历作为一份礼物。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Start Early”部分内容“Moreover, the closer it gets to holidays, the higher the prices go up. So, save your money by being an early bird.(而且，离假期越近，物价就越高。所以，做一个早做准备的人可以节省你的钱。)”可知，早做准备可以省钱，以一个较低的价格买到相同的东西。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Gift an Experience”部分内容“In case you are still feeling a little stuck, go ahead and find something that the two of you can do together. It may be a class, or anything else where you can enjoy each other’s company.(如果你仍然感觉有点被困住了，继续找一些你们俩可以一起做的事情。它可能是一门课，或者其他任何你们可以享受彼此陪伴的事情。)”可知，为了享受彼此的陪伴，你可以找一些可以一起做的事情。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章体裁为应用文，文章结构为总分结构，首段内容“Trying to find the perfect present is about as easy as trying to read someone’s mind.(想要找到完美的礼物就像读心术一样简单。)”以及“Here are some tips that could help.(这里有一些可以帮助你的建议。)”揭示了文章的目的，即：文章主要讲述了找到完美礼物的几个建议。D项“To offer tips on buying presents.(提供买礼物的建议)”符合文章大意。故选D。
B
Traveling on an airplane can be a very tiring task even in the best of conditions, Sophie Murphy noticed an awful tension on a recent flight from Sydney to Melbourne. She first thought it was caused by typical bad-tempered passengers. But as the flight neared its end, it became obvious that something was very wrong.
A teenage boy with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症) who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew’s warnings over the loudspeaker that it was almost time to land. The pilot was forced to circle above the airport, delaying the landing—and angering people on the already tense flight.
As the boy’s elderly parents failed to persuade him to get off the floor and back into his seat, Murphy, who had been a teacher for more than 20 years, stood up and quickly headed to the back of the plane.
She found the boy in the passage between rows of seats, lying on his belly. She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him.
Minutes later, he allowed her to hold his hand—and then together they got properly back into airplane seats. Murphy asked for sick bags, and held them as the boy threw up several times. As she helped him clean up, she repeatedly told him everything would be okay and that they’d get through it together.
After the plane was finally able to land, no one was impatient to step off the flight as one might expect. Instead, calmed passengers—obviously following Murphy’s amazing example—allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. His parents tearfully thanked Murphy for what she had done, and a doctor sitting nearby also let her know he had even taken notes on her expert way of handling the situation.
29. Why was the landing delayed?
A. Because a family ignored the warnings.
B. Because a boy refused to sit in his seat.
C. Because smoke was coming out of the engine.
D. Because the pilot had to change the destination.
30. Murphy successfully handled the “awful tension” by _______.
A. fighting against unfair treatment
B. calling on other passengers to join her
C. communicating with the boy
D. asking an experienced doctor to help
31. What changed the angry passengers’ attitude at last?
A. The teacher’s efforts. B. The plane’s safe landing.
C. The crew’s behavior. D. The boy’s improvement.
32. Which of the following words can best describe Murphy?
A. Generous and careful. B. Patient and energetic.
C. Wise and honest. D. Kind and cool-headed.
【答案】29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了教师Sophie Murphy在飞机上帮助一位患有唐氏综合征的小男孩克服心理和身体的不适，使得飞机正常降落并获得全体乘客赞许的故事。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二段“A teenage boy with Down syndrome(唐氏综合征)who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew's warnings over the loudspeaker when it was almost time to land. (一名患有唐氏综合征少年和他的家人一起旅行，当飞机即将着陆时，他不顾空乘人员通过扩音器发出的警告，变得心烦意乱，不肯回到座位上。)”可知，是小男孩不可能坐在座位上的行为导致了飞机延迟降落。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第五段“She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him. (她开始平静地和他聊天，问他的名字，他最喜欢的书，他最喜欢的角色。他告诉她他觉得不舒服，她试图安慰他。)”可知，是Murphy与男孩的沟通起了作用，使紧张，糟糕的局面得到了改观。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“Instead, calmed passengers--obviously following Murphy's amazing example--allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. (相反，镇静下来的乘客——显然是在效仿Murphy的惊人榜样——让男孩和他的家人先离开，并在他们经过时对他们微笑。)”可知，乘客们是被Murphy的行为所感染，纷纷以她为榜样，才对男孩的态度发生改变并礼让他和他的家人先行下飞机。所以推断是Murphy的努力改变了愤怒的乘客的态度。故选A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。从Murphy主动与男孩交谈可以推断她是一个友善的人，并从第五段中“She began chatting calmly with him(她开始平静地和他聊天)”可以推断出她是一个遇事冷静的人。故选D。
C
Elephant Transit Home
In both Africa and Asia elephants are being threatened by changes in their natural habitats (栖息地). People are moving into the elephants’ habitats and endangering their survival. In the country of Sri Lanka, there is one place where elephants are not only protected but also respected. It is called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH).
Set up in 1995, the ETH aims to protect and nurture baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild. Every year about 30 baby elephants in Sri Lanka need help. As many as possible are brought to the ETH. There they are given food, shelter, and medical care. Most importantly, they are given the chance to be with other elephants and become part of a herd (象群).
A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves and other native plants. Then the elephants are allowed to walk around, eating the grass and forming a herd. The cost of caring for the baby elephants is high. The ETH spends about $125,000 each year on powdered milk for the baby elephants.
At the ETH, workers try to reduce human connection with the elephants. They also try to increase bonds (联系) between the elephants. It usually takes three years for a baby elephant to be set free into its natural habitat. The elephants are sent back to the wild together with other orphans with whom they have bonded. This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.
The ETH is considered one of the best animal protection sites in the world. Not only are the elephants cared for, they are treated with respect. Most importantly, they go back to live in the wild, where they belong.
33. What does the underlined word “nurture” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Set free. B. Relate to. C. Focus on. D. Care for.
34. What do we know about the ETH?
A. It changes elephants’ habitats for the better.
B. It receives about $125,000 each year.
C. It helps to keep baby elephants safe.
D. It protects 30 elephants every year.
35. Why do the workers reduce human connection with the elephants?
A. To study them better in a natural environment.
B. To help them make it in the wild as a herd.
C. To provide them with more living space.
D. To train them to stay away from hunters.
36. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce an animal protection site.
B. To show the ways of wildlife protection.
C. To explain the threat baby elephants face.
D. To persuade the readers to protect elephants.
【答案】33. D 34. C 35. B 36. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个名为“大象中转之家（ETH）”的组织，旨在保护和培育那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象。介绍了项目对小象的照顾过程等情况。ETH被认为是世界上最好的动物保护基地之一。大象不仅受到照顾，而且受到尊重。最重要的是，他们回到野外生活，他们属于那里。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文的内容“baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild.(在野外发现受伤或没有母亲陪伴的小象。)”可知，那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象需要ETH组织的保护和照顾，故划线单词意思为“照顾”。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Every year about 30 baby elephants in Sri Lanka need help. As many as possible are brought to the ETH. There they are given food, shelter, and medical care.(每年斯里兰卡大约有30只小象需要帮助。尽可能多的人被带到ETH。在那里，他们得到食物、住所和医疗照顾。)”可知，在斯里兰卡，每年大约有30头小象需要帮助。尽可能多的小象被送到ETH。在那里，他们得到食物、住所和医疗照顾。由此可知，ETH有助于保护小象的安全。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.(这个项目帮助它们作为牧群的成员返回野外，彼此交流，互相照顾。)”可知，这个项目帮助他们回到野外，作为一个群体的成员，互相交流，互相照顾。由此可知，工作人员减少了与大象之间的联系，以帮助它们作为一个群体在野外生存。故选B。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“In the country of Sri Lanka, there is one place where elephants are not only protected but also respected. It is called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH).(在斯里兰卡，有一个地方，大象不仅受到保护，而且受到尊重。它被称为大象过境之家(ETH)。)”可知,在斯里兰卡，有一个地方不仅保护大象，而且尊重大象。它被称为大象中转之家（ETH）。结合文章主要介绍了主要介绍了一个名为“大象中转之家（ETH）”的组织，旨在保护和培育那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象。介绍了项目对小象的照顾过程等情况。ETH被认为是世界上最好的动物保护基地之一。大象不仅受到照顾，而且受到尊重。最重要的是，他们回到野外生活，他们属于那里。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一个动物保护项目。故选A。
D

As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) brings in large amounts of money, people have restarted the discussion on whether college athletes should get paid.
Supporters of the idea believe that, because college athletes are bringing in audiences, they should receive some sort of compensation (补偿). In fact, the NCAA brings in about $1 billion income a year, but college athletes don’t receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck. Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, either by giving them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract (合同) saying they’ll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary.
People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding (竞拍)war, where only the richest schools could afford top athletes, and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team. It could also harm the friendship within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money than they are.
Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already. The top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year. They receive free food and textbooks, get travel bonuses and free equipment, and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional coaches. No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools.
While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives. College athletes have been compensated enough. Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up, while most student athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money. Continuing to offer the present benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible.
37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes ________.
A. have earned what they are promised
B. tend to serve college longer when well-paid
C. should make an agreed-upon salary by signing contracts
D. prefer to stay at university rather than turn professionals
38. People against paying college athletes believe ________.
A. money should be spent on bonuses
B. schools would be unable to afford it
C. it could be harmful to college sports
D. students would value payments over achievements
39. What is the author’s attitude towards paying college athletes?
A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied. C. Positive. D. Unsupportive.
【答案】37. B 38. C 39. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。讨论了是否应该给大学运动员发工资。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, (此外，那些认为应该给大学运动员发工资的人表示，给大学运动员发工资实际上会鼓励他们在大学呆得更久，而不是更快地成为专业人士)”可知，大学运动员被给予报酬后，可能倾向于继续在大学服务。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. (反对向大学运动员付费的人认为这种做法可能会给大学体育带来灾难)”可知，持反对意见的人们认为给大学运动员支付薪酬会对大学体育造成损害。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives.(尽管双方都有各自的道理，但显然，给大学运动员发工资的负面影响远远大于正面影响)”可知，作者认为负面影响大于正面影响，也就是说作者不支持给大学运动员发工资。故选D。
第三部分书面表达(共三节，42分)
第一节选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面句子，请根据题意从方框中选出适当的词语并用其恰当的形式填空。
due to break down in spite of be regarded as fight for
engage in on the edge of come across move away from breathe in

40. Unfortunately, his two sledges ________ and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
41. Martin Luther King has inspired people around the world to ________ equal rights and justice.
42. After hundreds of failed experiments, Tu Youyou and her team eventually ________ a promising chemical.
43. At that moment, when we were ________ the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.
44. He ________ a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.
45. Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research ________ her age.
46. It was only ________ the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends that Reeve eventually found the will to live again.
47. Shouting can cause you to ________ a dangerous amount of dust when you are trapped in earthquake.
48. If you are in an earthquake, Mr Wang’s advice is to ________ things that can break or fall.
49. Christopher Reeve ________ a superhero both in films and in real life.
【答案】40 broke down
41. fight for
42. came across
43. on the edge of
44. was engaged in
45. in spite of
46. due to 47. breathe in
48. move away from
49. is regarded as
【解析】
【40题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：不幸的是，他的两辆雪橇坏了，然后马开始在风雪和严寒中处境艰难。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“出故障”用break down。故填broke down。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：马丁·路德·金激励了全世界的人们为平等权利和正义而斗争。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语与空前to构成不定式结构（inspire sb to do）。表示“为……奋斗”用fight for。故填fight for。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：经过数百次失败的实验，屠呦呦和她的团队最终发现了一种大有用途的化学物质。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“发现”用come across。故填came across。
【43题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：在那一刻，当我们在漩涡的边缘时，我觉得比我们向它移动时更平静。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作表语。表示“在……边缘”用on the edge of。故填on the edge of。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他参加了各种旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“参加”用be engaged in。故填was engaged in。
【45题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：今天，屠呦呦尽管年事已高，仍在继续从事研究工作。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作状语。表示“尽管”用in spite of。故填in spite of。
【46题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：在妻子、父母和朋友的不断支持下，里夫终于重拾了活下去的意志。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作状语。表示“由于”用due to。故填due to。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：当你被困在地震中时，大喊大叫会使你吸入大量危险的灰尘。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语与空前to构成不定式结构（cause sb to do）。表示“吸入”用breathe in。故填breathe in。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果你在地震中，王先生的建议是远离可以破碎或掉落的东西。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语与空前to构成不定式结构（不定式作表语）。表示“远离”用move away from。故填move away from。
【49题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：克里斯托弗·里夫在电影和现实生活中都被视为超级英雄。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。同时表示“被视为”用be regarded as。故填is regarded as。
第二节(共4小题;第50-52题各2分，第53题6分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
In 1983, Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, published Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. In the book, he presented one type of intelligence that everyone must develop if they want to be successful. That is emotional intelligence.
Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to recognize and control your own emotions. It means having a deep understanding of yourself, knowing your own strengths and weaknesses, and handling reactions and emotions wisely. Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments, for example, when times are tough and when a person wants to quit or is fearful.
We all know highly emotional people. Rather than react wisely, they tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret. I’ve seen many people do this on social media, getting in arguments with loved ones over unimportant things because they have different opinions. This inability to master the self leads to many struggles and heartaches for people.
Emotional intelligence does not mean being void (没有) of emotions. It means you know it is okay to be angry, just not out-of-control angry. You know it’s okay to feel hurt, but it is not okay to do something stupid in the name of revenge (报复). Many of us know people who are very intelligent, but allow their emotions to damage their lives.
Now, think deeply on how you manage your emotions. Are you smart in the way you express what you’re feeling, especially when the pressure is on?
50. According to the passage, what is “emotional intelligence”?
________________________________________________
51. In what occasion is Emotional Intelligence especially important?
________________________________________________
52. How do highly emotional people deal with their emotions?
________________________________________________
53. In your daily life, what can you do to better manage your emotions? Please give some examples.
________________________________________________
【答案】50. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.
51 Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments.
52. Rather than react wisely, highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret.
53. I manage my emotions in two ways. Firstly, I like writing down my bad feelings, which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful. Secondly, when conflict occurs, it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分别有什么表现。
【50题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.（情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力。）”可知，情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力，故答案为Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions。
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。第二段最后一句提到“Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments, for example, when times are tough and when a person wants to quit or is fearful.”（情商几乎在任何领域都是成功的关键，在高压力环境中尤其重要，例如，当形势艰难，当一个人想要放弃或感到恐惧时。）由此判断，在高压环境下高情商显得尤为重要。故答案为Emotional intelligence is key to success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments.。
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段的“We all know highly emotional people. Rather than react wisely, they tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret.（我们都认识高度情绪化的人。他们没有做出明智的反应，而是倾向于让自己的情绪控制自己的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情。）”可知，高度情绪化的人倾向于让他们的情绪控制他们的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情，故答案为Rather than react wisely, highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives, often saying or doing something they may later regret。
【53题详解】
考查推理判断。根据客观事实，首先，我喜欢写下我的不好的感觉，这能让我放开它们，这样我就能更多地关注让我快乐的事情。其次，当冲突发生时，公开谈论我的感受和想法会有帮助。故答案为I manage my emotions in two ways. Firstly, I like writing down my bad feelings, which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful. Secondly, when conflict occurs, it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts.。
第三节(20分)
54. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校正在举办主题为The People I Admire的征文活动，请你写一篇征文投稿，内容包括：
1.你敬佩的人是谁；
2.该人物的主要事迹；
3.该人物对你的影响。
注意：词数100左右。
The People I Admire
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The People I Admire
One of the people I admire is Zhong Nanshan, who has become a household name for his great contributions to defeating virus. He is a leading figure in the battles against SARS in 2003 and COVID in 2019, winning him the worldwide respect. Every time I see the pictures, in which he is fighting to save people’s lives, I cannot help being moved by him. What impresses me most is that aged 84, he rushed to the front line of the epidemic area without hesitation at the beginning of the outbreak of COVID 19. Dangerous though it was, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates worked hard day and night to treat the patients infected with COVID 19. With their efforts, remarkable results were achieved and the COVID 19 was finally under control. Influenced by him, I have made up my mind to be a doctor in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇征文投稿，介绍一位对他产生影响的人物。
【详解】1.词汇积累
影响：influence → impact/affect
人物：figure → person
显著的：remarkable → outstanding
决定：make up one’s mind to do→ be determined to do
2.句式拓展
陈述句变强调句
原句：With their efforts, remarkable results were achieved and the COVID 19 was finally under control.
拓展句：It was with their efforts that remarkable results were achieved and the COVID 19 was finally under control.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Every time I see the pictures, in which he is fighting to save people’s lives, I cannot help being moved by him. (运用了every time引导的时间状语从句、介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Dangerous though it was, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates worked hard day and night to treat the patients infected with COVID -19. (运用了让步状语从句的倒装，过去分词短语作后置定语)