2022-2023学年河南省南阳市桐柏县高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省南阳市桐柏县高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了答题前考生务必将自己的姓名等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 河南省桐柏县2022-2023年春期期中质量检测
高一英语
注意事项：
1、答题前考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上并将考生的条形码贴在答题卡指定位置上
2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案之后用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的标号涂黑，如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3、考试结束之后，将本卷和答题卡一并收回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Enjoy the beauty of summertime in Music City with these can’t-miss events.
June 18 Exhibition of elegance
The family-friendly event shows over 40 amazing cars ranging from the early to mid-twentieth century to be admired while you enjoy live music, local food, and more. Rounding out the fun-filled weekend is an 11-mile Tour d’ Elegance cruising (巡游) that car enthusiasts of all ages can enjoy.
Cheekwood Estate & Gardens; times vary; cheekwood.org
June 25 Monster Jam
Fans will witness pulse-pounding competitions among 12 skilled athletes fighting for the championship title. Before the main event monster (怪物) truck lovers can take part in the popular Monster Jam Pit Party fan experience to see the huge trucks up close, meet the drivers, and take some photos to enjoy the family-friendly fun.
Nissan Stadium; 7 p. m.; monsterjam.com
June 26 Cochon 555’s Heritage Fire
The event will tour throughout nine cities nationwide and is devoted to the art, science, and technique of cooking sustainably sourced or locally produced food materials prepared by some of the top chefs in the country. With several unique cooking methods on show, there is a taste to satisfy every tongue.
Loews Vanderbilt Hotel Nashville; 5:45-8:00 p. m.; heritagefiretour.com
July 17 MayWe All
The highly expected world premiere (首映) of the musical arrives in Music City. MayWe All tells the story of Jenna Coates, a small-town girl who returns home after her big-city music career ends where she revisits her past to find a path to the future. The musical features songs from some of the country’s biggest stars including Brooks&Dunn, Chris Stapleton, and many more.
TPAC’s James K. Polk Theater; times vary; tpac.org
1. What do the events on June 18 and June 25 have in common?
A. Car exhibitions.
B. Live music.
C. Family-friendly events.
D. Championship competitions.
2. What’s the character of MayWe All?
A. It is about parenting education.
B. Its producer is Chris Stapleton.
C. It presents a kind-hearted girl.
D. Its songs are from many famous stars.
3. Where will a cooking-lover go?
A. Nissan Stadium.
B. TPAC’s James K.Polk Theater.
C. Cheekwood Estate Gardens.
D. Loews Vanderbilt Hotel Nashville.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在音乐城享受夏日的美景，可以参加一些不可错过的活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据June 18 Exhibition of elegance中“The family-friendly event shows over 40 amazing cars ranging from the early to mid-twentieth century to be admired while you enjoy live music, local food, and more.”（这个家庭友好的活动展示了40多辆从20世纪早期到中期的神奇汽车，让你在享受现场音乐、当地美食等的同时欣赏。）以及June 25 Monster Jam中“and take some photos to enjoy the family-friendly fun.”（并拍摄一些照片，享受家庭友好的乐趣。）可知，6月18日和6月25日的活动的共同之处是都有家庭的既定活动。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据July 17 MayWe All中“The musical features songs from some of the country’s biggest stars including Brooks&Dunn, Chris Stapleton, and many more.”（这部音乐剧的歌曲来自美国一些最大牌的明星，包括布鲁克斯和邓恩、克里斯·斯台普顿等。）可知，MayWe All的特点是它的歌曲来自许多著名的明星。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据June 26 Cochon 555’s Heritage Fire中“The event will tour throughout nine cities nationwide and is devoted to the art, science, and technique of cooking sustainably sourced or locally produced food materials prepared by some of the top chefs in the country. With several unique cooking methods on show, there is a taste to satisfy every tongue.”（该活动将在全国9个城市巡回演出，并致力于由该国一些顶级厨师准备的可持续来源或当地生产的食物材料的烹饪艺术，科学和技术。这里展示了几种独特的烹饪方法，每一种口味都能满足你的口味。）以及“Loews Vanderbilt Hotel Nashville; 5:45-8:00 p. m.;”（纳什维尔Loews Vanderbilt酒店；下午5:45-8:00）可知，烹饪爱好者会去纳什维尔Loews Vanderbilt特酒店。故选D项。
B
Have you ever imagined what technology might look like in the future? Everything becomes easier, which is one tap. Over the course of human history, technology gradually can become so convenient and more than. And because of that, technology has been a large part of human life in the past 20 years. Educators also use technology to teach children about the use of technology in the current time.
Is that everything technology can do with education today? If you ask me, I would say parents who should be closest to their children should also use these wonderful tools in families’ education too. So why do I mention family’s education here and what does technology do with it?
Many people, especially parents, think they shouldn’t let their children interact with social network at this age. Don’t you think they are too young for it ?They may fall, they may become addicted to it, and not care about their parents anymore. And that’s why technology becomes used widely in many places, like schools and companies, but not in families. However, technology does carry many risks, and if you don’t know how to use and understand this probably it can easily lead to many disadvantages, especially for children, because they may not be aware enough of these dangers.
But fortunately, the disadvantages are avoidable. Families could set logical time to limit the children to use their electronic devices. Parents can also apply technology to teaching their children, so that games and videos are suitable for children with a certain amount of time.
Through technology, children can have more opportunities and more time to explore and develop themselves, and understand what they really like and find the true path in the future. These are things that often in school, children don’t get much access to because they have to spend more time on other subjects, like social science and maths. That’s why this is a good choice for parents to use technology to help children discover themselves at home.
4. What can we infer about technology from Paragraph 1?
A. It can provide more changes in history. B. It becomes inconvenient and more than.
C. It can be difficult for people to acquire. D. It plays an important role in daily life.
5. Why isn’t technology used widely in families?
A. It is not easy to connect the Internet in families.
B. It is difficult to get access to technology in families.
C. Parents worry that it has a bad effect on children.
D. Children can’t get much amusement from technology.
6. How are the disadvantages avoidable?
A. Make the Internet offline. B. Interact with social network.
C. Limit the time online. D. Improve computer system.
7. What is the author’s attitude to the use of technology at home?
A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Indifferent. D. Favorable.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了父母因为担心对孩子有不好的影响，从而在家里不让过度使用技术。但幸运的是，这些缺点是可以避免的。并且通过科技，孩子们可以有更多的机会和时间去探索和发展自己，了解自己真正喜欢的是什么，找到未来真正的道路。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever imagined what technology might look like in the future? Everything becomes easier, which is one tap. Over the course of human history, technology gradually can become so convenient and more than. And because of that, technology has been a large part of human life in the past 20 years. Educators also use technology to teach children about the use of technology in the current time.(你有没有想象过未来的科技会是什么样子？每件事都变得更容易了，只要轻轻一点。在人类历史的进程中，技术逐渐可以变得如此方便而不止。正因为如此，在过去的20年里，技术已经成为人类生活的很大一部分。教育工作者还使用技术来教孩子们在当前时代使用技术)”可推知，技术在日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Many people, especially parents, think they shouldn’t let their children interact with social network at this age. Don’t you think they are too young for it ?They may fall, they may become addicted to it, and not care about their parents anymore. And that’s why technology becomes used widely in many places, like schools and companies, but not in families.(许多人，尤其是父母，认为他们不应该让孩子在这个年龄接触社交网络。你不觉得他们太小了吗？他们可能会跌倒，他们可能会上瘾，不再关心他们的父母。这就是为什么科技在很多地方被广泛使用，比如学校和公司，但在家庭中却没有)”可知，科技没有在家庭中广泛使用是因为父母担心这对孩子有不好的影响。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“But fortunately, the disadvantages are avoidable. Families could set logical time to limit the children to use their electronic devices.(但幸运的是，这些缺点是可以避免的。家庭可以设定合理的时间来限制孩子使用电子设备)”可知，限制上网时间可以避免这些不利因素。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Through technology, children can have more opportunities and more time to explore and develop themselves, and understand what they really like and find the true path in the future.(通过科技，孩子们可以有更多的机会和时间去探索和发展自己，了解自己真正喜欢什么，找到未来真正的道路)”以及“That’s why this is a good choice for parents to use technology to help children discover themselves at home.(这就是为什么父母使用技术帮助孩子在家里发现自己是一个很好的选择)”可推知，作者对在家使用科技的态度是支持。故选D。
C
Nara is a popular destination for visitors to Japan and it is home to around 1, 000 blessed deer, which are officially considered as a national natural treasure in Japan and the image of the city. Many tourists like them and feed them treats. In July 2019, however, nine deer were found dead with plastic bags in their stomachs. Locals called on visitors not to throw away plastic bags in the park.
Hidetoshi Matsukawa, who works at tourism, wanted to come up with a different way to deal with the problem, and teamed up with a local paper maker and a design firm to work on the project.
They developed “Shikagami”, or deer paper, which is made from rice bran (糠) and milk boxes. They learned rice bran is mostly wasted in the processing of rice and this paper helps to reduce that waste as well.
Matsukawa has had the deer paper bags tested and says they are safe for human use. “We do not have the data to support that this paper is not harmful to deer, but this is safe for them as well as for human beings,” he said, laughing.
The bags have since been tested at local banks and the Todaiji temple, Nara’s main tourist attraction. The temple and banks bought 4, 000—5, 000 of the bags for 100 yen (around 95 cents) each as part of the pilot project. The price will fall if more businesses sign up to use the bags, said Matsukawa, who dreams of replacing plastic bags across the city to prevent more deer from dying after eating them.
“The news about the death of deer by plastic bags creates a bad influence, as though the park is a cemetery (墓地) for deer,” he said. “The paper bags can protect deer, as well as the image of Nara with deer.”
8. What happened to the blessed deer?
A. They were accepted as the image of Japan. B. They were harmed by plastic bags.
C. They got into the danger of dying out. D. They didn’t get enough food from tourists.
9. What did Matsukawa do with the problem of the deer’s death?
A. He prohibited visitors from feeding the deer.
B. He kept the deer away from humans.
C. He set up a deer protection organization.
D. He developed a new kind of paper.
10. What can we learn about deer paper from Matsukawa’s words?
A. It is sure to be harmless to all animals.
B. It can only be used to protect blessed deer.
C. It has passed the safety tests for human use.
D. It is unsatisfactory for environmental protection.
11. What is Matsukawa’s wish about deer paper bags?
A. They will be sold at higher prices. B. They will be used around the world.
C. They will be reused for more times. D. They will be widely used in the city.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。日本奈良的9只鹿因为吃了塑料袋而死亡，在旅游行业工作的Hidetoshi Matsukawa与当地一家造纸企业和一家设计公司合作发明了由米糠和牛奶盒制成的“鹿纸”，这种纸对鹿和人类使用都是安全的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的最后两句“In July 2019, however, nine deer were found dead with plastic bags in their stomachs. Locals called on visitors not to throw away plastic bags in the park.(然而，在2019年7月，有9只鹿被发现死亡，它们的胃里有塑料袋。当地人呼吁游客不要在公园里扔塑料袋)”可知，鹿被塑料袋伤害了。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Hidetoshi Matsukawa, who works at tourism, wanted to come up with a different way to deal with the problem, and teamed up with a local paper maker and a design firm to work on the project. They developed ‘Shikagami’, or deer paper, which is made from rice bran(糠)and milk boxes.(在旅游行业工作的Hidetoshi Matsukawa想要想出一种不同的方法来解决这个问题，他与当地一家造纸企业和一家设计公司合作开展了这个项目。他们发明了由米糠和牛奶盒制成的‘鹿纸’(Shikagami))”可知，鹿的死亡让Hidetoshi Matsukawa想到发明一种新的纸。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Matsukawa has had the deer paper bags tested and says they are safe for human use.(Matsukawa已经对鹿纸袋进行了测试，并表示它们对人类使用是安全的)”可知，鹿纸对人类使用是安全的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The price will fall if more businesses sign up to use the bags, said Matsukawa, who dreams of replacing plastic bags across the city to prevent more deer from dying after eating them.(Matsukawa说，如果更多的企业签约使用鹿纸袋，价格就会下降。他梦想着在整个城市取代塑料袋，以防止更多的鹿吃了塑料袋后死亡)”可知，Matsukawa的愿望是鹿纸袋在整个城市被广泛使用。故选D项。
D
Scientists believed that if they could hit an asteroid(小行星)with an object travelling very fast, they could push the asteroid off the path it was on. So NASA came up with an experiment called the Double Asteroid Redirection Test, or DART.
Engineers built a box-shaped spacecraft that was about the size of a small car and weighed 570 kilograms and equipped it with a special camera and computers that would allow it to find and follow the asteroid they had chosen for the experiment.
Asteroids are rocky objects that move around the Sun. The smallest are the size of a large stone while some are up to 1, 000 kilometers in diameter (直径). The asteroid that was the target for this test is called Dimorphos, about 160 meters in diameter, or the size of a football stadium. It orbits (环绕) another larger asteroid, called Didymos. They are more than 7 million kilometers away from Earth and go around the Sun together, once every two years.
The DART spacecraft was sent up in November 2021 and then orbited the Sun for 10 months, following the path of Didymos and Dimorphos. Most of that time, Dimorphos was hidden by the sunlight reflecting off of the larger asteroid. On September 26, 2022, the spacecraft’s camera noticed Dimorphos for the first time and its navigation(导航)system began to guide it through space towards its target. About an hour later, it crashed into Dimorphos at more than 22, 500kilometers per hour.
Scientists studied the data and images of the asteroids for the next two weeks and found that the orbit of Dimorphos has shortened from 11 hours and 55 minutes to 11 hours and 23 minutes:a 32-minute change. While this may seem like a very small change, it shows that—if a dangerous asteroid was heading toward us—it would be possible to knock it off its course, keeping Earth safe. The chances of Earth actually being hit by an asteroid large enough to cause damage are very small.
12. What is the purpose of the DART?
A. To test whether scientists’ idea is true or not.
B. To know the weight of the asteroids going around the Sun.
C. To learn about the number of asteroids getting close to Earth.
D. To understand how asteroids move through space.
13. What can we learn about the target for the DART?
A. It is as large as a stadium. B. It is 1, 000 kilometers wide.
C. It is a box-shaped asteroid. D. It is an asteroid called Didymos.
14. What did the DART spacecraft do first after being sent up?
A. It hid the reflected sunlight. B. It followed the path of the target asteroid.
C. It landed safely on the target asteroid. D. It flew through space to the target asteroid.
15. What does the author think of the result of the DART?
A. Doubtful. B. Unsatisfying. C. Unexpected. D. Useful.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学们家通过DART实验证明，他们能用一个速度非常快的物体撞击一颗小行星，把小行星推离它原来的轨道。这样，地球被一颗大到足以造成破坏的小行星撞击的可能性非常小了。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Scientists believed that if they could hit an asteroid(小行星)with an object travelling very fast, they could push the asteroid off the path it was on. So NASA came up with an experiment called the Double Asteroid Redirection Test, or DART.(科学家们相信，如果他们能用一个速度非常快的物体撞击一颗小行星，他们就可以把小行星推离它原来的轨道。因此，美国宇航局提出了一项名为‘双小行星重定向测试’(DART)的实验)”可知，DART实验的目的是检验科学家们的想法是否可行。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句“The asteroid that was the target for this test is called Dimorphos, about 160 meters in diameter, or the size of a football stadium.(这次测试的目标小行星被称为Dimorphos，直径约160米，或足球场大小)”可知，这次测试的目标小行星和足球场一样大。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“The DART spacecraft was sent up in November 2021 and then orbited the Sun for 10 months, following the path of Didymos and Dimorphos.(DART宇宙飞船于2021年11月发射升空，然后沿着Didymos和Dimorphos的路径绕太阳运行了10个月)”可知，在发射以后，DART宇宙飞船首先是沿着目标小行星的路径飞行。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists studied the data and images of the asteroids for the next two weeks and found that the orbit of Dimorphos has shortened from 11 hours and 55 minutes to 11 hours and 23 minutes: a 32-minute change. While this may seem like a very small change, it shows that—if a dangerous asteroid was heading toward us—it would be possible to knock it off its course, keeping Earth safe. The chances of Earth actually being hit by an asteroid large enough to cause damage are very small.(科学家们在接下来的两周里研究了小行星的数据和图像，发现Dimorphos的轨道已经从11小时55分钟缩短到11小时23分钟：变化了32分钟。虽然这看起来是一个非常小的变化，但它表明，如果一颗危险的小行星正朝我们靠近，它就有可能偏离轨道，从而确保地球的安全。地球被一颗大到足以造成破坏的小行星撞击的可能性非常小)”可推论出，作者认为DART实验结果是很有用的。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
___16___ They create carbon dioxide and shade. They provide shelter to animals and insects. The wood they provide is used for buildings and other products we humans use and need.
Trees are so important that some people have made it their goal to protect them. We can call these people ‌“tree hugger”. It describes people who support the protection of forests. Today, the term ‌“tree hugger” describes a person who is an environmentalist. ___17___ For example, someone who wants to save a rare butterfly species or cut greenhouse gases could also be described as a tree hugger.
However, calling someone a ‌“tree hugger” is not always seen as a praise. ___18___ ‌“Tree hugger” described someone who was overly concerned about protecting trees, animals and other parts of the natural world.
Some tree huggers do go to extremes to protect trees. Take, for example, an American woman named Julia Lorraine Hill. For 738 days from December 10, 1997 and December 18, 1999, Hill lived in Luna, a Redwood tree in northern California’s Humboldt County. Luna is huge, measuring nearly 61 meters tall and about 12 meters across, which has stood in Humboldt County for more than 1,000 years. ___19___ So, Hill did what any extreme tree hugger would—she moved in! As the website explains, Hill’s main goal was ‌“to bring international attention to the importance of protecting and restoring natural resources.” So, we can safely call Hill a tree hugger. ___20___
A Trees give so much to the world.
B. Human beings should all protect trees.
C. In earlier times, in fact, it was used as an insult(辱骂).
D. And I’m sure that she would consider that the highest of praises.
E. They want to protect nature and the environment - but not just the trees.
F. Nowadays, the environmental problems are more serious than in the history.
G. But that did not stop the Pacific Lumber Company from wanting to cut it down.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了支持保护森林的人——树木拥抱者，即我们今天的环保主义者。
【16题详解】
根据空后“They create carbon dioxide and shade. They provide shelter to animals and insects. The wood they provide is used for buildings and other products we humans use and need. (它们产生二氧化碳和阴影。它们为动物和昆虫提供庇护所。它们提供的木材用于建筑和其他我们人类使用和需要的产品。)”可知本段主要讲的是树木的好处，空处位于句首，应是主旨句，所以空处应该总述树木对于世界的好处。A项Trees give so much to the world.(树给了世界很多。)概括全段，符合上下文语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Trees are so important that some people have made it their goal to protect them. We can call these people “tree hugger”. It describes people who support the protection of forests. Today, the term “tree hugger” describes a person who is an environmentalist.(树木是如此重要，以至于一些人把保护树木作为他们的目标。我们可以称这些人为“树木拥抱者”。它描述的是支持保护森林的人。今天，“tree hugger”这个词用来形容环保主义者。)”可知本段主要介绍树木拥抱者，依据空后“For example, someone who wants to save a rare butterfly species or cut greenhouse gases could also be described as a tree hugger. (例如，想要拯救稀有蝴蝶物种或减少温室气体排放的人也可以被称为tree hugger。)”可知空后举例说明tree hugger保护的不仅仅是树木，还有其他动植物和环境。空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是这些环保主义者的保护对象不仅仅是树木，还有自然与环境。E项They want to protect nature and the environment - but not just the trees. (他们想要保护自然和环境，但不仅仅是树木。)承接上文，引出下文，而且E项中的They指代的就是上文所提到的tree hungger。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据空前“However, calling someone a “tree hugger” is not always seen as a praise.(然而，称某人为“树木拥抱者”并不总是被视为一种赞美。)”可知树木拥抱者最初并不是一个褒义词，根据空后““Tree hugger” described someone who was overly concerned about protecting trees, animals and other parts of the natural world.(“抱树者”指的是过分关心保护树木、动物和自然界其他部分的人。)”可知树木拥抱者指的是那些过分保护环境的人，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是人们最初对于树木拥抱者的错误认识。C项“In earlier times, in fact, it was used as an insult(辱骂).(事实上，在早期，它被用作一种侮辱。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且C项中的it指代的是上文的Tree hugger这一称呼，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Some tree huggers do go to extremes to protect trees. Take, for example, an American woman named Julia Lorraine Hill. For 738 days from December 10, 1997 and December 18, 1999, Hill lived in Luna, a Redwood tree in northern California’s Humboldt County. Luna is huge, measuring nearly 61 meters tall and about 12 meters across, which has stood in Humboldt County for more than 1,000 years. (一些树木保护主义者为了保护树木确实走极端了。以一位名叫Julia Lorraine Hill的美国妇女为例。从1997年12月10日到1999年12月18日，希尔在加州北部洪堡县的一棵名为Luna的红杉树上生活了738天。Luna非常巨大，高近61米，直径约12米，已经在洪堡县矗立了1000多年。)”可知此处举例讲一些环保主义者的极端做法，根据空后“So, Hill did what any extreme tree hugger would—she moved in!(因此，希尔做了任何一个极端的树木保护主义者都会做的事——她搬进来了!)”可知此处讲的是希尔的极端做法，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是导致希尔做出这一极端举动的原因，G项But that did not stop the Pacific Lumber Company from wanting to cut it down.(但这并没有阻止太平洋木材公司想要砍伐它。)承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中that指代上文的For 738 days from December 10, 1997 and December 18, 1999, Hill lived in Luna这个事实，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“As the website explains, Hill’s main goal was “to bring international attention to the importance of protecting and restoring natural resources.” So, we can safely call Hill a tree hugger.(正如网站解释的那样，希尔的主要目标是“让国际社会注意到保护和恢复自然资源的重要性。”所以，我们可以称希尔为环保主义者。)”可知此处讲的是社会对于希尔极端保护行为的看法，空处位于段末，应是对前文的总结，D项And I’m sure that she would consider that the highest of praises.(我相信她会认为这是最高的赞扬。)总结全段内容，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
第三部分 语言应用(共两节 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Our family enjoyed a beautiful houseplant for over thirty years. It had stayed with us through____21____years and good times, pain and joy. I had never thought of ____22____it.
However, two weeks ago, we____23____some changes in its leaves, which began to lose color. We watered and looked after it____24____. There was no hope of____25____for the plant. We finally picked a few almost dead leaves and____26____replanting them in another small pot.
What____27____us was that these leaves planted in the new place grew strong. In order to know the reason why the houseplant died, we dug the dead plant out of the pot. Then, it became____28____to us that its roots were in disorder, completely tangling up(缠绕). Our once-beautiful plant died because it grew out of its environment. We now realized that it became root-bound and had no more room for their roots to grow in its pot.
People can become root-bound, too. Those who____29____personal growth or development often want to make____30____ that can lead to greater achievements or much more happiness. However, they more often find they outgrow their environment and want to____31____. Their view becomes wider and they need____32____ environment to live in. They need people who will make ____33____ for their growth. If they cannot be____34____, some problems are sure to appear.
So if your new-found growth causes you to give up the old ways, you may need to ____35____you are bigger now, and need to have a bigger stage for personal growth or development.
21. A. hard B. pleasant C. busy D. peaceful
22. A. fixing B. losing C. selling D. cheating
23. A. made B. recorded C. discovered D. collected
24. A. gradually B. creatively C. joyfully D. carefully
25. A. success B. winning C. survival D. progress
26. A. tried B. enjoyed C. avoided D. stopped
27. A. bored B. disappointed C. embarrassed D. surprised
28. A. clear B. useful C. important D. strange
29. A. turn down B. look for C. live off D. depend on
30. A. changes B. suggestions C. studies D. explanations
31. A. fall down B. move off C. set up D. calm down
32. A. warmer B. safer C. larger D. quieter
33. A. time B. space C. promises D. choices
34. A. recognized B. prevented C. satisfied D. protected
35. A. respect B. prove C. forget D. realize
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。讲述了作者家养了许多漂亮的绿植，由于根满盆而逐渐死亡，但是将它的叶子移植到新的盆子里却很好地活了。因此联想到我们的人生，也会经常遇到达到瓶颈的这种状态，这时，我们应该摒弃旧的方向寻求新的发展。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它陪伴着我们度过了艰难的岁月和美好的时光，痛苦和欢乐。A. hard艰难的；B. pleasant高兴的；C. busy忙碌的；D. peaceful安静的。根据下文“pain and joy”可知，此处是指艰难的岁月和美好的时光。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过要失去它。A. fixing修理；B. losing失去；C. selling出售；D. cheating欺骗。根据第三段中“Our once-beautiful plant died”可知，作者的绿植最后死掉了。因此可推断出，我从没想过有一天会失去这颗植物。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，两周前，我们发现它的叶子发生了一些变化，开始失去颜色。A. made制作；B. recorded记录；C. discovered发现；D. collected收集。根据句意以及该句中的“which began to lose color.”可知，此处为两周前，我们发现它的叶子发生了一些变化。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们细心地浇水和照顾它，但它就是没有活下来的迹象。A. gradually逐渐地；B. creatively创造地；C. joyfully开心地；D. carefully小心地，细心地。根据上文提到的我们家三十多年来一直喜欢这种美丽的室内植物，以及该句中的“We watered and looked after it”可知，此处为我们细心地浇水和照顾它。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们细心地浇水和照顾它，但它就是没有活下来的迹象。A. success成功；B. winning胜利；C. survival幸存；D. progress进步。根据该句中的but转折以及下文“We finally picked a few almost dead leaves”可推知，此处为我们细心地浇水和照顾它，但它就是没有活下来的迹象。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最后摘了几片几乎枯死的叶子，试着把它们重新种在另一个小花盆里。A. tried尝试；B. enjoyed喜欢，享受；C. avoided避免；D. stopped停止。根据下文“these leaves planted in the new pot grew strong.”以及该句中的“replanting them in another small pot.”可知，此处为我们最后摘了几片几乎枯死的叶子，试着把它们重新种在另一个小花盆里。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：使我们惊奇的是，这些种在新花盆里的叶子长得很强壮。A. bored无聊；B. disappointed失望；C. embarrassed尴尬；D. surprised使惊讶。根据上文提到的最后摘了几片几乎枯死的叶子，试着把它们重新种在另一个小花盆里，以及该句中的“these leaves planted in the new pot grew strong.”可知，此处为使我们惊奇的是，这些种在新花盆里的叶子长得很强壮。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们明白了——它的根是混乱的，完全纠缠在一起。A. clear清楚的；B. useful有用的；C. important重要的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“its roots were in disorder, completely tangling up.”说明的原因可知，此处指它死的原因变得清楚了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些寻求个人成长或发展的人往往希望做出改变，从而获得更大的成就或更多的幸福。A. turn down拒绝；B. look for寻找；C. live off靠……生活；D. depend on依靠。根据句意以及该句中的“personal growth or development”可知，此处为那些寻求个人成长或发展的人往往希望做出改变。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些寻求个人成长或发展的人往往希望做出改变，从而获得更大的成就或更多的幸福。A. changes改变；B. suggestions建议；C. studies学习；D. explanations解释。根据上文提到的我们把几乎枯死的叶子，试着把它们重新种在另一个小花盆里，为做出的改变，以及该句中的“that can lead to greater achievements or much more happiness.”可知，此处为那些寻求个人成长或发展的人往往希望做出改变，从而获得更大的成就或更多的幸福。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，他们更多的时候发现自己已经无法适应环境，想要离开。A. fall down掉下来；B. move off离开；C. set up创办；D. calm down冷静。根据该句中的“they more often find they outgrow their environment”可知，此处为他们更多的时候发现自己已经无法适应环境，想要离开。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的视野变得更大，他们需要更大的生活环境。A. warmer更温暖的；B. safer更安全的；C. larger更大的；D. quieter更安静的。根据该句中and连接的“Their view becomes larger”中提到larger可知，此处为也应为他们需要更大的生活环境，与其相呼应。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们需要有人为他们的成长腾出空间。A. time时间；B. space空间；C. promises承诺；D. choices选择。根据上文提到的他们需要更大的生活环境，可知，此处为他们需要有人为他们的成长腾出空间。make space for“为……腾出空间”为固定搭配。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们不能被满足，一定会出现一些问题。A. recognized认出；B. prevented阻止；C. satisfied满足；D. protected保护。根据上文提出的要求以及该句中的“some problems are sure to appear”可推知，此处为如果他们不能满足，一定会出现一些问题。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果你新发现的成长使你放弃了旧的方式，你可能需要意识到你现在更强大了。A. respect尊敬；B. prove证明；C. forget忘记；D. realize意识到。 根据句意以及该句中的“if your new-found growth causes you to abandon the old ways,”可知，此处为如果你新发现的成长使你放弃了旧的方式，你可能需要意识到你现在更强大了。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
The Shenzhou XV astronauts (宇航员) entered the Tiangong space station on Wednesday morning and they____36____(give) warm hugs by the Shenzhou XIV astronauts already circling for nearly six months.
After about two hours of preparatory work following the connection of the Shenzhou XV spacecraft with the Tiangong station, Fei Junlong, the Shenzhou XV leader, ____37____(open) a door on his spaceship and floated into the station.
He was welcomed by Chen Dong, leader of the Shenzhou XIV, ___38___ had been waiting inside the station for a while. The two leaders hugged each other with Chen ___39___(say): “Welcome! Let’s hug.”
And then Chen told Fei, “There are two more waiting for you”, referring to Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe that ___40___(be) inside the station's Wentian lab.
In the following minutes, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu moved into the station one ___41___ one and they were also greeted by Chen.
The Shenzhou XV astronauts then entered the Wentian lab and hugged Liu and Cai____42____(excited). They chatted for a while ___43___then took a group selfie(自拍) to the clapping from ground controllers.
Their meeting marked____44____first time that as many as six Chinese astronauts are travelling in space at the same time.____45____(early), there had been at most three Chinese astronauts in space at a time.
The entire process was broadcast live on the China Central Television.
【答案】36. were given
37. opened 38. who
39. saying 40. were 41. by
42. excitedly
43. and 44. the
45. Earlier
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了神舟十五号和神舟十四号机组人员见面的场景。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：周三上午，神舟十五号宇航员进入天宫空间站，神舟十四号宇航员热情拥抱了他们，他们已经绕了近六个月。空处为and并列句的谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，且主语they“神舟十五号宇航员”和give之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were given。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：神舟十五号飞船与天宫站连接后，经过大约两个小时的准备工作，神舟十五号领导人费俊龙打开飞船的一扇门，漂浮进入天宫站。空处进而下文floated是并列的谓语动词，因此也用一般过去时。故填opened。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他受到了神舟十四号领导人陈冬的欢迎，他已经在空间站内等待了一段时间。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chen Dong，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：两位领导人拥抱在一起，陈说：“欢迎！让我们拥抱一下。”空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语Chen和say之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填saying。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然后，陈告诉费，“还有两个人在等你”，指的是在空间站问天实验室里的刘洋和蔡旭哲。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，主语that是复数概念（指代先行词 Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe ），且陈述过去的动作，故填were。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在接下来的几分钟里，邓清明和张陆一个接一个地搬进了车站，他们也受到了陈的欢迎。结合句意表达“一个接一个”用one by one。故填by。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：神舟十五号航天员随后进入问天实验室，激动地拥抱了刘和蔡。修饰动词hugged应用所给词的副词形式。故填excitedly。
【43题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：他们聊了一会儿，然后在地面控制人员的掌声中集体自拍。“聊天”和“集体自拍”是两个连续的动作，应用and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们的会面标志着多达六名中国宇航员首次同时在太空旅行。表达“第一次，首次”应用the first time。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：早些时候，一次最多有三名中国宇航员进入太空。作时间状语，表示“早些时候”应用副词earlier。故填Earlier。
第四部分 写作(共两节 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 据调查，高中生平均睡眠时间远低于教育部要求的8小时。请写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1.现象背后的原因；
2.你看法。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Senior High School Students’ Staying Up
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Senior High School Students’ Staying Up
According to a survey, senior high school students’ average time of sleeping every day is far less than the required sleeping time. There are many reasons behind this phenomenon.
Some students stay up to do their homework and study, while there are still some teenagers using their sleeping time to chat online, play computer games and watch TV plays.
Lack of sleep can cause many health problems, so I think we should strengthen self-discipline and time management, ensure enough sleep, and make sure that we study energetically during the day.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。据调查，高中生平均睡眠时间远低于教育部要求的8小时。要求考生写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，陈述该现象背后的原因，以及自己的看法。
详解】1.词汇积累
聊天：chat→have a chat
缺少：lack of→lack
导致：cause→lead to
充满精力地：energetically→vigorously
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：According to a survey, senior high school students’ average time of sleeping every day is far less than the required sleeping time.
拓展句：According to a survey, senior high school students’ average time of sleeping every day is about 5 to 6.5 hours, which is far less than the required sleeping time.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Some students stay up to do their homework and studly, while there are still some teenagers using their sleeping time to chat online, play computer games and watch TV plays.（运用了while连接并列句）
[高分句型2]Lack of sleep can cause many health problems, so I think we should strengthen self-discipline and time management, ensure enough sleep, and make sure that we study energetically during the day.（运用了省略that引到的宾语从句和that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
John could not shut out his wife’s complaint anymore. He was tired of hearing her laughing at him, for example, what a bad husband he was. Mary was never satisfied with anything that he did. If he brought home $ 4,000, she would tell him stories of how much her colleagues’ husbands earned. If he had bought her flowers, she would still complain about how other people received diamonds instead. She was impossible to please.
He decided to take a walk along the quiet banks of the lake. It was always a good way to calm down himself after an argument with his wife. As he walked towards the bus stop, he thought over his life. Sometimes, he wondered that it must be a mistake for him when he married Mary. Perhaps, they had been happy in the early days, but those days were definitely behind them now.
As he approached the bus stop, he spotted a white basket on the seat. Curiosity caught him, so he walked closer to take a look. To his surprise, it was a baby all wrapped up in a rough white towel. As he reached out to touch the baby, it suddenly stretched out to try to hold his fingers. John was amused. As he laughed with happiness at the beautiful face of the baby, waves of being gentle washed over him. What a beautiful baby! He wondered who could have the heart to abandon (抛弃) such a joy.
Suddenly, John picked up the basket and ran quickly to the police post just some distance away. He reported finding the baby and, when it was discovered that no one had come to report a missing baby, he was asked to keep the baby for the time being. Although doubtful at the beginning, the policeman soon gave in to John’s obvious honesty. Somehow, John knew that Mary would welcome this baby into their childless marriage.
注意：续写词数应150左右。
True enough, she got over her complaint and started to smile at the baby.
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Weeks later the baby was returned to its parents.
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【答案】
One possible version:
True enough, she got over her complaint and started to smile at the baby. Mary no longer complained or laughed at John, but happily took care of the baby, talking to the baby to make it happy as if it were hers. In the evening when John came home from work, the wife eagerly told John the interesting things happened during the day. John felt relived and at ease with his wife at home. There was so much joy in the house because of the baby.
Weeks later the baby was returned to its parents. The parents of the baby cried with joy when they saw the baby. The mother held the baby tightly and kept saying words of gratitude to Mary. To their relief, the parents loved the baby so much. Mary and John were moved when they saw the scene of reunion. Mary realized that the meaning of life is to spend time together, be close to each other and love each other.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了约翰妻子经常对约翰抱怨唠叨，约翰为了逃避面对妻子就去散步，路上捡到一个漂亮的婴儿，报警后，警方让他暂且照顾，因为婴儿的到来，妻子转变了对约翰的态度。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句“果然，她不再抱怨了，开始对婴儿微笑。”可知，第一段可以描写约翰的妻子因为婴儿的到来对约翰态度的转变。
②由第二段首句“几周后，婴儿被送回了父母身边。”可知，第二段可以描写婴儿的父母对约翰夫妇的感谢和妻子的感悟。
2.续写线索
玛丽停止抱怨——照顾婴儿——分享快乐——父母与婴儿相认——感激——感悟
3.词汇激活
行动类
①照顾：take care of/look after
②感动：move/touch/affect/bring sb. to tears
③告知：tell/inform
④意识到：realize/be aware of/sense
情绪类
①欣慰地：to one’s relief/to the relief of sb.
②开心地：happily/joyfully/delightedly
【点睛】[高分句型1]In the evening when John came home from work, the wife eagerly told John the interesting things happened when taking care of the baby.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]Mary realized that the meaning of life is to spend time together, be close to each other and love each other.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
听力答案：1-5ABCDC 6-10DCBBC 11-15CACAB 16-20ADBCC