2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市第一中学高一下学期第三次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市第一中学高一下学期第三次月考英语试题含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分27等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2022-2023-2长沙一中高一第三次月考
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
After drawing blood and running a CT scan, the doctor had questions for me. “What is a typical day like for you?” “I am a graduate student with a tight schedule that usually keeps me at work late into the night,” I replied. Next, he turned to diet. I paused when this question came, embarrassed by my answer. “I only have coffee for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, I usually grab something from a fast-food stand on campus.” The doctor seemed shocked. As more questions followed about my stress levels and lifestyle, my unhealthy state began to sink in.
In graduate school, I was fully focused on my project and doing what I could to become a successful scientist. I didn’t feel I had the time or energy to shop for groceries and cook. I stopped exercising and didn’t spend as much time socializing. When I was sluggish, instead of giving my mind and body a rest, I drank energy boosters to maintain my strength and continued to work long hours. As I progressed through my PhD Program, I gained an unhealthy amount of weight. I got tired easily and I often caught colds or the flu. Eventually, my stomachache was so bad that it drove me to the emergency room.
After hearing the doctor’s warning, I knew I had no choice. I stopped working late into the night, which gave me more time to relax, sleep, and prepare my own meals. I read up on dietary recommendations and began to choose nutritious and healthy food. I also gave up energy drinks and switched to tea. Many times, I was tempted to go back to my old routine. I placed sticky notes in my office and at home to remind myself that if I didn’t make healthy choices, I’d suffer consequences.
It’s been 4 years now and, to my surprise, I have not only noticed gains in my health, but also found it easier to be productive at work.
1. What was the problem with the author?
A. He did poorly in his studies. B. He wasn’t good at socializing.
C. He ignored the doctor’s advice. D. He had a very unhealthy lifestyle.
2. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sluggish”?
A. cast down B. worn out C. carried away D. left behind
3. What lies behind the author’s recovery?
A. Creativity. B. Optimism. C. Self-control. D. Co-operation.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者由于生活方式不健康及压力水平导致身体出了问题，听了医生的警告后作者不再工作到深夜，也开始选择营养和健康的食物，坚持了4年后作者的健康状况有所改善，工作也更加有效率。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中作者回答医生的话“I am a graduate student with a tight schedule that usually keeps me at work late into the night(我是一名研究生，日程安排很紧，经常工作到深夜)”和“I only have coffee for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, I usually grab something from a fast-food stand on campus.(我早餐只喝咖啡。午餐和晚餐，我通常会在校园里的快餐店买点吃的)”以及最后一句“As more questions followed about my stress levels and lifestyle, my unhealthy state began to sink in.(随着更多关于我的压力水平和生活方式的问题接踵而至，我开始陷入不健康的状态)”可知，作者的问题是生活方式不健康。故选D。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“instead of giving my mind and body a rest, I drank energy boosters to maintain my strength (我没有让我的大脑和身体休息，而是喝能量加强剂来保持我的体力)”可知，喝能量加强剂说明身体能量耗尽，故sluggish意为“筋疲力尽”。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Many times, I was tempted to go back to my old routine. I placed sticky notes in my office and at home to remind myself that if I didn’t make healthy choices, I’d suffer consequences.(很多时候，我都想回到以前生活。我在办公室和家里都放了便利贴，提醒自己如果不做健康的选择，我就会承担后果)”及最后一段中“It’s been 4 years now…(到现在已经4年了)”可知，作者是由于长期的自律才恢复了健康，故选C。
B
A study, led by researchers from the University of California, San Diego, tracked the same 875 mother-child pairs in Chile for 16 years, conducting assessments at ages 1, 5, 10 and 16. At each visit researchers screened the mother for signs of depression and used cognitive (认知的) development tests on the child. They also asked questions to assess the home life, featuring the level of connection between the mother and child.
Researchers found that signs of depression in moms when the child is one are associated with lower scores on cognitive function tests for the child at age 16. “We found that mothers who were highly depressed didn’t invest (投入) emotionally or in providing learning materials to support their child, such as toys and books, as much as mothers who were not depressed. This, in turn, impacted the child’s IQ at ages 5, 10 and 16,” Patricia East, PhD, research scientist with the Department of Pediatrics at UC San Diego School of Medicine and one of the lead authors on the study, said in a statement.
The authors found the relationship in reverse to be true, as well — lower development scores early in the child’s life promoted less engagement from mom and that only increased signs of mothers’ depression as the child entered into adolescence.
Children who had severely depressed mothers were found to have an average verbal IQ score of 7.30 compared to a score of 7.78 in children without depressed mothers. Although seemingly small, differences in IQ from 7.78 to 7.30 are highly meaningful in terms of children’s verbal skills and vocabulary, said East. “Our study results show the long-term consequences that a child can experience due to long-term mothers’ depression.”
However, the authors recognize that these families in Chile can be very different from mothers and children of other cultural backgrounds or nationalities. Besides, all the families studied were from a similar cultural background and socioeconomic status and had a similar level of education.
4. What did the researchers do in the study?
A. They screened the child for signs of depression.
B. They tested the cognitive abilities of the mother.
C. They evaluated the mother-child pairs’ relationship.
D. They ignored the mother’s educational background.
5. What conclusion did the researchers draw?
A. A kid’s IQ scores were decided by the mother’s.
B. A kid’s IQ scores were different at different ages.
C. Depressed mothers gave birth to kids with low IQ scores.
D. Mothers’ depression might negatively impact their kids’ IQ.
6. What might be the authors’ attitude towards the results of the study?
A. They don’t sound debatable.
B. They may encourage public debate.
C. They may not be very representative.
D. They have been confirmed in a large scale.
7. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Adolescents’ Confusion in Chile
B. Impact of Mothers’ Depression on Kids
C. Significance of IQ in Kids’ Academic Tests
D. Maternal Depression and Kids’ Cognitive Test Scores
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，研究发现，母亲的抑郁症会影响到孩子的智商，这种影响一直会持续到他们进入青春期。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“They also asked questions to assess the home life, featuring the level of connection between the mother and child.(他们还问了一些问题来评估家庭生活，描述母亲和孩子之间的互动程度)”可知，研究人员在研究中询问一些问题，以此评价母亲和孩子之间的亲密关系。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Researchers found that signs of depression in moms when the child is one are associated with lower scores on cognitive function tests for the child at age 16.(研究人员发现，孩子一岁时母亲的抑郁症状与孩子16岁时的认知功能测试得分较低有关)”和“We found that mothers who were highly depressed didn’t invest (投入) emotionally or in providing learning materials to support their child, such as toys and books, as much as mothers who were not depressed. This, in turn, impacted the child’s IQ at ages 5, 10 and 16(我们发现，与不抑郁的母亲相比，高度抑郁的母亲在情感上或为孩子提供学习材料方面的投入更少，如玩具和书籍。这反过来又影响了孩子在5岁、10岁和16岁时的智商)”可知，研究人员得出的结论是：母亲患有抑郁症会对孩子的智商有负面影响。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the authors recognize that these families in Chile can be very different from mothers and children of other cultural backgrounds or nationalities. Besides, all the families studied were from a similar cultural background and socioeconomic status and had a similar level of education.(然而，作者承认，智利的这些家庭可能与其他文化背景或国籍的母亲和儿童非常不同。此外，所有被研究的家庭都来自相似的文化背景和社会经济地位，并具有相似的教育水平)”可知，这项研究的作者们认为这些研究发现可能不是很具有代表性。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段第一句“Researchers found that signs of depression in moms when the child is one are associated with lower scores on cognitive function tests for the child at age 16.(研究人员发现，孩子一岁时母亲的抑郁症状与孩子16岁时的认知功能测试得分较低有关)”以及第四段最后一句“Our study results show the long-term consequences that a child can experience due to long-term mothers’ depression.(我们的研究结果表明，母亲长期抑郁会给孩子带来长期的影响)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究结果，母亲的抑郁症会影响到孩子的智商，这种影响一直会持续到他们进入青春期，故B项“母亲的抑郁症对孩子的影响”为最佳标题，故选B。
C
El Niño, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Niño sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.
The weather effects, both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Niño in 1997-1998 helped America’s economy grow by $15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvests: farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.
But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Niño may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.
The most recent powerful Niño, in 1997-1998, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Niños come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster- relief funding(救灾资金) in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite the evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.
Simple improvements to infrastructure ( 基础设施) can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr. Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Niño’s harmful effects --- and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.
8. What can we learn about El Niño in the first paragraph?
A. It is named after a South American fisherman.
B. It takes place almost every year all over the world.
C. It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.
D. It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.
9. What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?
A. Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.
B. Droughts become more harmful than floods.
C. Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.
D. Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.
10. The data provided by ODI in the fourth paragraph suggest that ________.
A. more investment should go to risk reduction
B. governments of poor countries need more aid
C. recovery and reconstruction should come first
D. victims of El Niño deserve more compensation (补偿)
11. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To introduce El Niño and its origin.
B. To urge people to prepare for El Niño.
C To explain the consequences of El Niño.
D. To show ways of fighting against El Niño.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了厄尔尼诺现象，并讲述了该现象给世界各国带来的影响，呼吁人们要事先为厄尔尼诺做准备，要把减少人们的损失当作首要的任务。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“El Niño sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.（厄尔尼诺现象表明，当通常向西吹的风减弱或有时相反时，西太平洋多年来收集的暖水会向东回流。）”可知，此处表达了它看到了海洋水流方向的变化；故选择C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lose.（总的来说，富裕国家从强大的厄尔尼诺中获得的远比他们失去的多总的来说，富国从强大的厄尔尼诺中获得的收益大于损失）”可知，富裕的国家在厄尔尼诺中获得的比他们失去的要多，故选择C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster- relief funding(救灾资金) in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.（然而，根据海外发展研究所的数据，在过去二十年中，只有12%的救灾资金用于提前降低风险，而不是事后恢复和重建。）”可知，更多的资金应该用于降低风险，故选择A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.（由于最贫穷的人最不可能弥补与厄尔尼诺有关的灾害造成的损失，因此减少他们的损失需要成为优先事项。）”可知，本文的主要目的是呼吁人们为厄尔尼诺早做准备，故选择B项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Looking for a way to be happier? Are you seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends? ____12____ Try a little compassion.
Compassion, as one scholar describes, is “experiencing feelings of loving kindness toward another person’s suffering”. The compassionate tend to have deeper connections with others and have more friends, who are more forgiving and have a stronger sense of life purpose. The compassionate also tend to be happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical. ____13____
Practicing compassion doesn’t have to cost you money. All you need is a quiet place. ____14____ Focus on your breath and try to clear your mind. Then mentally focus on your heart area and think about someone you feel tenderness toward. This could be your friend or your family.
____15____ Inner sunshine warms not only the heart of the owner, but all who come in contact with it. As time allows, add more people to this circle. This may sound a little strange, but studies have shown this simple exercise really strengthens your sense of compassion.
Even short-term exercises like this broaden your attention, your thinking and your overall sense of well-being in a way that lasts. ____16____ Compassion helps your brain become more flexible, and lets your brain have a wider sense of what’s going on, and it gives you access to more ideas on how to act.
This practice is beneficial to physical health and can help reduce physical signs of stress. And the happiness that can come from compassion training is the kind that lasts.
A. Want to relate better to other people?
B. That’s in part because it changes your brain.
C. Compassion training is helpful to reduce stress.
D. In that quiet space, sit in a comfortable position.
E Then expand that feeling to yourself and to others.
F. Consequently, compassion has direct personal benefits.
G. However, it is important to create a comfortable environment.
【答案】12. A 13. F 14. D 15. E 16. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能够帮助自己更快乐的方法——多一点同情心。
【12题详解】
根据空前“Looking for a way to be happier? Are you seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends? (正在寻找一种让自己更快乐的方法？你是在寻求与朋友之间更深层次的联系，还是在寻找更多的朋友？)”以及空后“Try a little compassion.(尝试一点同情心。)”可知，空后提供了上文问题的解决方法，由此推断空处为疑问句。选项A“Want to relate better to other people?(想更好地与他人相处？)”内容上和上文“寻找更多的朋友保持一致？”；形式上为疑问句形式，可用来引出下文。故选A项。
【13题详解】
根据空前“The compassionate tend to have deeper connections with others and have more friends, who are more forgiving and have a stronger sense of life purpose. The compassionate also tend to be happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical.(富有同情心的人与其他人有更深的联系，也会有更多的朋友，朋友也会更有连接新，并有生活的目的。富有同情心的人也会人往往更快乐，更健康，更自信，更少自我批评。)”可知，空前主要说明了富有同情心的人的好处，故F项“Consequently, compassion has direct personal benefits.(因此，同情心也有直接的个人利益。)”符合，空前说明具体的好处，本空得出结果，有直接的个人利益，故选F项。
【14题详解】
根据空前“All you need is a quiet place.(你只需要一个安静的地方。)”以及下文“Focus on your breath and try to clear your mind. Then mentally focus on your heart area and think about someone you feel tenderness toward.(专注于呼吸，试着理清思绪。然后在心里把注意力集中在你的心脏部位，想一个你感到温柔的人。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如何练习富有同情心。而空前则建议读者找到一个安静的地方。选项D“In that quiet space, sit in a comfortable position.(在那个安静的空间里，坐到一个舒适的位置。)”延续上文内容，同时引出下文。故选D项。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Then mentally focus on your heart area and think about someone you feel tenderness toward. This could be your friend or your family.(然后在心里把注意力集中在你的心脏部位，想一个你感到温柔的人。这可能是你的朋友或家人。)”可知，作者建议读者想一个让你感到温柔的人，有可能是朋友或家人。而空后“As time allows, add more people to that circle. (如果时间允许，把更多的人加入那个圈子。)”则建议读者想象更多温暖的人。选项E“Then expand that feeling to yourself and to others.(然后将这种感觉扩展到自己和他人身上。)”承上启下，符合上下文内容。故选E项。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Compassion helps your brain become more flexible, and lets your brain have a wider sense of what’s going on, and it gives you access to more ideas on how to act. (同情帮助你的大脑变得更灵活，让你的大脑对正在发生的事情有更广泛的感觉，它让你获得更多关于如何行动的想法。)”可知，这里讲述的是同情心对大脑的影响。选项B“That’s in part because it changes your brain.”(这部分是因为它改变了你的大脑。)”与下文内容一致。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As her father guided her wheelchair down the road alongside the swimming pool, 12-year-old Tina Fisher fiddled (整理、摆弄) with the folds (褶皱) of the borrowed wet suit she was wearing. She took a few ___17___breaths and looked around nervously.
This is a girl who loves the ___18___of water flowing around her arms and legs, who until recently was ___19___her underwater swimming, and who takes every opportunity to spend time in the water.
But this was the first time Tina had been anywhere near a pool since the otherwise ___20___June 2 when she was playing with a friend. Just 90 minutes after she felt pain in her legs — the first symptom of a spinal stroke — she became paralyzed (瘫痪) from the waist ___21___.
Now she was going to try something she’d never ___22___even when she’d had the use of her legs: She was going to take her first scuba (水肺) diving lesson.
Tina’s father, Dennis Fisher, slipped into the pool and helped Occupational Doctor Kaitlin Macdonald ___23___his daughter into the water. She lay ___24___, rested her head on the surface and, for a few brief moments, ___25___her eyes. Then she did something that made Macdonald ___26___. “Tina,” she said, “look at your leg.” Ever so slightly, Tina was moving her right leg. It was ___27___a few inches, but still — Tina’s mind was telling her leg what to do, and her leg was ___28___.
“A lot of times, we’ll see movement in the water first,” Macdonald said, “It means an ability is there that we can build on, ___29___it’s still weak.”
For Tina, it felt ___30___to just be back in the pool. She wrapped her arms around her father and briefly lay her head on his chest. Then she turned to Macdonald and signaled she was ready to swim the ___31___of the pool to achieve her success.
“OK,” Macdonald said, “Here we go.”
17. A. deep B. fresh C. shallow D. smooth
18. A. taste B. act C. feel D. movement
19. A. passing on B. working on C. looking on D. counting on
20. A. special B. lasting C. ordinary D. memorable
21. A. up B. around C. above D. down
22. A. accessed B. attempted C. accomplished D. demanded
23. A. catch B. hold C. throw D. lower
24. A. back B. aside C. over D. beneath
25. A. fixed B. opened C. rolled D. closed
26. A. upset B. sob C. smile D. disappoint
27. A. no more than B. much more than C. no less than D. not less than
28. A. reflecting B. responding C. resisting D. returning
29. A. so B. and C. for D. although
30. A. nervous B. great C. terrific D. comfortable
31. A. height B. size C. area D. length
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述12岁的Tina Fisher瘫痪后开始学习潜水并恢复腿部知觉的故事。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她深吸了几口气，紧张地环顾四周。A. deep深的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. shallow浅的；D. smooth平坦的，顺利的。根据“12-year-old Tina Fisher fiddled (整理、摆弄) with the folds (褶皱) of the borrowed wet suit”及语境可知，Tina准备下水游泳，应是整理衣服，然后深呼吸，故选A。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个喜欢水在她的胳膊和腿周围流动的感觉的女孩，直到最近才开始练习水下游泳，并且抓住每一个机会在水里度过时间。A. taste味道；B. act行为；C. feel感觉，感受；D. movement动作。根据“water flowing around her arms and legs”可知，Tina喜欢水在四肢周围流动的感觉，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. passing on传递；B. working on从事，致力于；C. looking on旁观；D. counting on期望，指望。根据语境及第四段中“She was going to take her first scuba (水肺) diving lesson.(她要去上她的第一堂水肺潜水课)”可知，Tina最近在努力练习潜水，work on符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这是Tina自本该是普通的6月2日和朋友一起玩以来第一次靠近游泳池。A. special特殊的；B. lasting持续的；C. ordinary普通的；D. memorable值得纪念的。根据下文“she became paralyzed”可知，6月2号那天她瘫痪了，空前的otherwise表示相反的情况，所以此处指本该是一个普通的日子，故选C。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在她感到腿部疼痛90分钟后——这是脊椎中风的第一个症状——她腰部以下瘫痪了。A. up向上；B. around在周围；C. above在上面；D. down向下。根据下文“even when she’d had the use of her legs(甚至在她的腿还有用的时候)”可知，现在她双腿没有知觉，所以是腰部以下瘫痪。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在她要尝试一件即使双腿还能用的时候也从未尝试过的事情：她要去上她的第一堂水肺潜水课。A. accessed访问，进入；B. attempted尝试，努力；C. accomplished完成；D. demanded要求。此处和动词try同义，表示“她要尝试一件从未尝试过的事情”，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tina的父亲Dennis Fisher滑进游泳池，帮助职业治疗师Kaitlin Macdonald把女儿放进水里。A. catch抓住；B. hold握住；C. throw扔；D. lower降低，把……放低。根据语境及“into the water”可知，此处指父亲帮助职业治疗师把女儿放低，进入水里，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她向后靠躺着，把头靠在水面上，闭上眼睛，短暂地待了一会儿。A. back向后，在背面；B. aside在旁边；C. over翻转，从一侧到另一侧；D. beneath在下面。根据“rested her head on the surface”可知，此处指她向后靠躺着休息了一会儿，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fixed安装，修理；B. opened打开；C. rolled 翻滚，滚动；D. closed关闭，闭上。结合语境可知，Tina是闭上眼睛休息一会，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她做了一件使Macdonald微笑的事。A. upset使烦恼，使心烦意乱；B. sob抽噎，啜泣；C. smile微笑；D. disappoint使失望。根据下文“Tina was moving her right leg(Tina在移动她的右腿)”可知，Tina的腿有了反应，故这是一件让Macdonald高兴的事，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：它不过几英寸，但Tina的大脑在告诉她的腿做什么，她的腿正在做出反应。A. no more than至多，仅仅，只不过；B. much more than比……多得多；C. no less than不低于；D. not less than不少于。根据“a few inches”及转折词but可知，虽然只不过是几英寸，但这也足以说明她的腿能够做出反应，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意同上。A. reflecting反射；B. responding作出反应，响应；C. resisting抵制；D. returning返回。根据上文“Tina was moving her right leg (Tina正在移动她的右腿)”可知，Tina的腿有了反应，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：MacDonald说：“很多时候，我们首先会在水中看到运动，这意味着我们可以在那里建立能力，尽管它仍然很弱。”A. so所以；B. and和，并且；C. for因为；D. although尽管。结合前后句意可知，此处表示让步关系，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对Tina来说，能回到泳池感觉很棒。A. nervous紧张的；B. great美妙的，很好的；C. terrific极度的，巨大的；D. comfortable舒服的。结合下文她准备继续游完泳池剩下的距离可知，对Tina来说，能回到泳池感觉很棒，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：然后她转向MacDonald，示意她准备游完整个游泳池来取得成功。A. height高度；B. size尺寸；C. area地区；D. length长度。根据“she was ready to swim”及语境可知，此处指她休息完后准备游完整个泳池的长度，故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is prepared to bring back giant panda Ya Ya from a zoo in the United States as soon as possible.
The 20-year loan ___32___(agree) for joint research and conservation projects between the Chinese Association of Zoological Gardens and Memphis Zoo in Tennessee that landed Ya Ya in the US in April 2003 ___33___(end) on Friday.
The zoo hosted a farewell party ___34___the female panda on Saturday and is currently awaiting a permit from the US Fish and Wildlife Service ___35___(send) her home to China.
Many people in China have been concerned about 22-year-old Ya Ya’s health after ___36___(know) that her male partner, Le Le, died in February ahead of the pair’s scheduled return.
The female panda is in “___37___(relative) stable condition”, except for her fur condition ___38___(cause) by a skin disease, Wang said at a regular news conference.
Experts from the association and Beijing Zoo are in the US working with Memphis Zoo ___39___(official) to feed and care for Ya Ya, the spokesman said.
China has completed all preparations for the giant panda’s return ___40___will strengthen cooperation with the US to conduct _____41_____health assessment before her journey home, he said.
【答案】32. agreement
33. ended 34. for
35. to send
36. knowing
37. relatively
38. caused 39. officials
40. which##that
41. a
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要讲述了2003年4月，中国动物园协会和田纳西州孟非动物园为联合研究和保护项目达成了为期20年的出借协议，这项协议于周五结束，全国都在等待着丫丫的归来。
【32题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年4月，中国动物园协会和田纳西州孟非动物园为联合研究和保护项目达成了为期20年的出借协议，这项协议于周五结束。此处主语，故应用名词“agreement协议”，故填agreement。
【33题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。此处作谓语动词，主语为the 20-year loan，此处陈述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时，故填ended。
【34题详解】
考查介词。句意：周六，动物园举为这只雌性熊猫办了欢送会，动物园也正在等待美国鱼类和野生动物管理局的许可，将她送回家。此处意为“为……举办欢送会”，故应用介词for，故填for。
【35题详解】
考查不定式。句意：同上。此处作定语，修饰permit，“做某事的许可”表达为the permit to do sth.，故此处应用动词不定式作定语，故填to send。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：许多中国人一直担心22岁丫丫的健康状况，因为她知道自己的男伴侣乐乐在2月份去世，原本打算将他们一起送回国。此处after为介词，后应用动名词作宾语，故填knowing。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：王在一次定期新闻发布会上说，这只雌性大熊猫的状态相对稳定，除了皮肤病导致的皮毛问题外。此处修饰形容词stable，故应用副词“relatively相对地”作定语，故填relatively。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处作定语，修饰fur condition，fur condition与cause之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语，故填caused。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：发言者说道，来自协会和北京动物园的专家正在美国与孟非动物园的官员们一起喂养和照顾丫丫。此处“official官员”作宾语，且此处为复数意义，故应用名词的复数形式，故填officials。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国已经做好了迎接丫丫归来的一切准备工作，这也会增加与美国的合作，可以在回国前进行一个健康评估。此处引导定于从句，先行词为return，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which/that引导，故填which/that。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。此处“assessment评估”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个评估”，故应用不定冠词，且health以辅音音素开头，故应用冠词a，故填a。
第三节 课文默写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
Passage 1
根据课文内容填空。
During a typhoon, you should do your best to ___42___. It is also important that you stay inside. If you have to go outside, always exit using the stairs. When you are out, ___43___trees, large signs and light poles. Remember to ___44___what is going on. Pay attention to news updates to confirm whether the danger is gone. These tips will help keep you safe and sound ___45___a typhoon.
【答案】42. keep your head
43. stay away from
44. inform yourself of
45. in the face of
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了在台风期间确保安全的一些建议。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：台风期间，你应该尽力保持头脑冷静。根据“During a typhoon”并结合句意可知，此处指“保持头脑冷静”，用动词短语keep your head，空前的to是不定式符号，故空处用动词原形。故填keep your head.
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：外出时，远离树木、大型标志和灯杆。根据语境及“When you are out”可知，台风期间外出时应远离树木等、大型标志和灯杆，用动词短语stay away from，此处是祈使句，用动词原形开头。故填stay away from。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：记得让自己随时了解事态的进展。根据空后“what is going on.”及下一句“Pay attention to news updates to confirm whether the danger is gone.(关注新闻更新，确认危险是否消失)”可知，此处指“要让自己了解事态的进展”，用动词短语inform oneself of，本句是祈使句，省略了主语you，故动词短语中oneself使用yourself，remember to do sth记得做某事，故空处用动词原形，故填inform yourself of。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这些建议将帮助你在面对台风时安全无恙。根据上文内容及空后“a typhoon”可知，上文是关于台风期间的一些建议，故此处指“面对台风时”，用固定短语in the face of“在……面前，面对”，故填in the face of。
Passage 2
根据课文内容填空。
Another tip is to keep ___46___private, including your phone number, address and email account. You also need to show respect when ___47___other online users. Leave comments politely and treat others the way you would like ___48___. Though the ___49___of online users are nice and friendly, there might be some users who make you feel uncomfortable online. In such cases, be aware that you always have the right to say no and ___50___. Remember that relationships you establish in the ___51___are just the same as those you have in real life.
【答案】46. your personal information
47. you communicate with
48. to be treated
49. majority
50. cut off contact
51. digital world
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了安全上网的一些建议。
【46题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：另一个建议是对你的个人信息保密，包括你的电话号码、地址和电子邮件账户。根据“including your phone number, address and email account”可知，此处指“你的个人信息”，用固定短语your personal information。故填your personal information。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：当你与其他在线用户交流时，你也需要表现出尊重。根据“You also need to show respect”可知，此处指“当你与其他在线用户交流时”，用代词you作when引导的时间状语从句的主语，“和……交流”使用动词短语communicate with，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语是第二人称，谓语动词用原形，故填you communicate with。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：礼貌地发表评论，并以你希望被对待的方式对待他人。结合上下文可知，此处指“以你希望被对待的方式对待他人”，treat对待，动词，would like to do sth想要做某事，且动词treat和you之间是被动关系，故此处用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be treated。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然大多数网友都很友好，但也有一些网友会让你在网上感到不舒服。根据Though表达的让步语气及“there might be some users”可知，此处指“虽然大多数网友都很友好”，the majority of大多数，固定短语，故填majority。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在这种情况下，要知道你总是有权拒绝并切断联系。根据空前的“say no”可知，此处指“切断联系”，用动词短语cut off contact，空处是并列的动词不定式，可省略不定式符号to，故填cut off contact。
【51题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：记住，你在数字世界中建立的关系与你在现实生活中建立的关系是一样的。根据上文内容及“in real life”可知，此处和“在现实世界”相对，指“在数字世界”，用固定短语digital world，故填digital world。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
52. 假如你校年级组长文老师最近发现有不少学生沉迷手机，深感担忧，学校英语报正面向全体学生以“远离手机”为话题进行征稿。请你写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 学生使用手机问题的现状；
2. 高中生沉迷手机的危害；
3. 呼吁远离手机。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Nowadays, the mobile phone is becoming increasingly popular in our daily life. There are many applications in mobile phones, through which we can get the latest information. But mobile phones have also caused some problems. At present, many students pay more attention to their mobile phones instead of their study and health, which has a bad influence on them.
In my opinion, being addicted to mobile phones is harmful to health. People should take smart phone addiction seriously. We should form good living habits, such as talking with friends more and doing more exercise. Quitting addiction needs time and patience. People should turn off their phones, go outside and communicate with others face to face. Do more exercise and form optimistic attitude towards life!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语短文向学校英语报投稿，参加该报举行的以“远离手机”为话题的征稿活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
导致：cause→lead to
而不是：instead of→rather than
影响：influence→effect
在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I’m concerned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We should form good living habits, such as talking with friends more and doing more exercise.
拓展句：We should form good living habits, which include talking with friends more and doing more exercise.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are many applications in mobile phones, through which we can get the latest information.（运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】At present, many students pay more attention to their mobile phones instead of their study and health, which has a bad influence on them.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
53. 读后续写
Early one weekend morning, I was sleeping like a log when the telephone rang. When I answered I heard my Grandma’s voice “Hey, sweetheart. I have missed you so much lately. Why don’t you come to the countryside and enjoy some fine views?” she asked. “Dad, Grandma is inviting us to her home,” I shouted to my father who was busy in the kitchen. “Fine with me,” he responded in a casual tone. After a quick breakfast, we drove to Grandma’s.
Once we arrived, we were both thrilled by the breathtaking landscape. The plum trees in the backyard were ripe with fruit, while millions of wildflowers colored the valley. Grandma prepared delicious lunch including her special homemade apple jam, which was my favorite. Seeing my greedy eyes, grandma said “Take some when you leave, and I’ve got plenty stored in the cellar (地窖) .” Talking and laughing, we didn’t even notice that it was late in the afternoon, though somewhat cooler than it had been that morning. Grandma suggested that we take her homemade wooden boat for a tour along the nearby river.
Seated in the boat, looking up at the sky, I felt like the clouds were greeting us cheerfully from above. In the vast fields, the golden trees were like brides in the sun. The breeze skimmed over the surface of the field, carrying the sweet smell of the flowers. It was like a picture painted by one of the Dutch masters. “It is so nice to spend some quality time with family,” Dad murmured. “It feels like we’re on an adventure,” I added. “It’s been so much fun!”
While we were admiring the splendid setting around us the weather started getting hot and humid again. At first, we ignored this change, but when dad looked up at the sky, he saw dark, low clouds were approaching us. Then a fierce gale (大风) sprang up. Lightning flashed within the black clouds, followed by a roar of thunder. “Row!” Dad shouted, trembling, “A tornado (龙卷风) is coming!”
There was no time to think. We rowed as fast as we could.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grandma opened the door for us.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】There was no time to think. We rowed as fast as we could. Although I didn’t dare to look，I could feel the tornado getting closer as hail started to fall, hitting the creaky old boat hard. Chased by the relentless nightmare, I couldn't afford to let up for a moment. I didn't even wipe the sweat away as it streamed in my eyes and blurred my view. Finally Grandma's house appeared before my eyes. We jumped out of the boat and ran towards it. Gasping for breath, we buzzed the doorbell again and again.
Grandma opened the door for us. We dripped water on her floor as we went inside, our shoes and clothes soaked through. Grandma said we needed to find a safer place to ride out the tornado, and we followed her into the cellar. Dad helped close off the entrance while I huddled in the dark corner, quivering from the cold and the fear. We stayed down there, waiting for the tornado to pass over us. We didn’t wait very long, for it was over in a matter of minutes. However, after this experience, I appreciated every day with my family.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和爸爸在周末去乡下奶奶家欣赏美景。在下午时作者又和爸爸乘奶奶自制的木船到附近的河边去游览观光，一切都那么美好，突然乌云低垂，狂风、闪电、雷鸣接踵而来，龙卷风来了！作者和爸爸经过努力和挣扎，终于回到了奶奶家躲避了龙卷风。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“没有时间思考。我们尽可能快地划。”可知，第一段可描写作者和爸爸奋力划船，与龙卷风争分夺秒的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“奶奶为我们开门。”可知，第二段可描写作者和爸爸、奶奶一起躲避龙卷风。
2.续写线索：奋力划船的过程——回到奶奶家——在家躲避龙卷风——作者的感慨
3.词汇激活
行类
①停止：let up/ shut off/ stop
②.模糊视线：blur vision/ blur one’s eye sight/ blur one’s view
③.躲避：ride out/ hide / stay away from
情绪类
①.感激的：grateful/ appreciative/ obliged
②.害怕的：afraid/ frightened/scared
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Although I didn’t dare to look，I could feel the tornado getting closer as hail started to fall, hitting the creaky old boat hard. （使用了由although引导的状语从句和现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Chased by the relentless nightmare, I couldn't afford to let up for a moment. （使用了过去分词作状语）
[高分句型3]. Dad helped close off the entrance while I huddled in the dark corner, quivering from the cold and the fear.（使用了由while引导的状语从句）
[高分句型4].Although I didn’t look back to see the tornado, I could feel its fierce speed unavoidably attack us. （使用由although引导的状语从句）