上海高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份上海高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共49页。

阅读理解
Do you want to open a shop in London? First: you must be aware that, as of today, running a local independent shop is anything but simple. Second: you must know which is the most responsive area of the city for what concerns your specific business. Or as an alternative, you must gain full knowledge of which areas have proved to be super high-paying basically for any kind of business.
As for London, everybody knows that it is one of the world capitals of trading and commerce. The enormous number of residents, combined with the continuous inflow of tourists, makes it a highly wanted city for every kind of commercial activity.
Clearly, everyone — whether he/she is a British citizen or a foreigner investor — who wants to start a business in London must detect first the most profitable areas. And the four most appealing ones are listed below.
Covent Garden
Opening a commercial space in Covent Garden, or in the West End in general, is always a winning idea. This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. A band of musicians that never cease to attract both clients and new investors.
Carnaby
For over sixty years, Carnaby Street and the other surrounding secondary roads have represented an authentic oasis or paradise for those who want to go shopping in London. First, the Swinging London vibe, then the punk rock revolution: everything — especially in terms of fashion — has been created or passed through there. And even in the Third Millennium, it remains a landmark for everything related to fashion and new trends.
Mayfair
Are you planning to open a luxury shop? Then Mayfair is undoubtedly your spot. Renting a place here is highly expensive, but it’s a risk worth taking. If you play your cards wisely, profits will not be long in coming. The only question is: have you got enough funds to start a business in such an expensive area?
Bond Street
Another luxury area with a gathering of many established high-end brands, maybe the most complicated one. It is recommended only to those investors who aim to start a real first-rate business. Many small entrepreneurs or businessmen work a lifetime in order to gain the privilege or the great advantage of upgrading their business in this area.
1．This article is intended for ______.
A．British citizens who want to buy luxury goods
B．visitors looking for recreational activities in Britain
C．investors interested in starting a business in London
D．foreigners participating in commercial activities in London
2．According to the article, if you are planning to do business in London, which factor is worth considering the most?
A．London appeals to high-paying investors from all over the world.
B．London is the most promising center for trading, commerce and fashion.
C．London is where many landmark buildings and every kind of business lies.
D．London boasts ongoing floods of tourists and enormous potential consumers.
3．If you get enough funds and fancy opening a luxury shop, which is the last area to choose?
A．Bond Street. B．Carnaby.
C．Mayfair. D．Convent Garden.

It was a winter afternoon when, rushing to attend the final show of my art school degree, I caught the heel of my boot on the edge of a pavement. Suddenly, I was flying through the air. If the past two years studying photography had taught me anything, it was an appreciation of how things can change in a thousandth of a second. Light, shadow, colours, all are in a constant state of flux (不断的变动) — as is life. And since crash-landing onto my left shoulder, I have been living through the truth of this wisdom.
That day, doctors diagnosed a cracked bone. It was only the next morning when, instinctively, I tried to capture some spectacular sunlight streaming into my kitchen, that I had to face the harsh reality: I could no longer lift my camera, let alone us it. Latch that week, a hospital appointment confirmed my worst scar — the arm needed total rest.
Soon, I became cantankerous and impatient. I couldn’t travel, I could’t go anywhere much. Surfing online, I came across the concept of gratitude inter vent ions and their role in boosting mood and well being. A Californian psychologist, Sonja Lyubomirsky, has pioneered research into using a daily photography practice as a tool for enhanced gratitude. Her instructions are simple, but not necessarily cask. Take photographs throughout the day of things that are central to who you are. Take at least five photos a day. Initially, it felt like a demanding task. But reading how participants assigned to the gratitude interventions had experienced enhanced positive emotions, I decided to persevere.
Pain forced me to slow down, because capturing a single iPhone photo was painful. And, yet, the struggle to find anything to feel grateful about, and then to record it, started to dramatically improve both my mood and my images. I began to photograph the most boring details of my days, from my breakfast cup to a red pepper reflected in the window. Despite everything, I found I could find magic in the ordinary. “Life seems repetitive and boring when you don’t notice the uniqueness of each moment and the constant subtle changes that are going on all around you,” write Andy Karr in a wonderful book on photography. I agree, but don’t just take my word for it — experience it for yourself.
4．What happened to the writer on the winter afternoon ?
A．She went to her classmate’s degree show in a hurry.
B．She tripped over and broke her shoulder bone.
C．She was taught an unforgettable lesson on photography.
D．She took a photo of a tragic crash-landing to be on show.
5．The underlined word “cantankerous”in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A．suspicious of the hospital diagnosis
B．desperate to have my injury treated
C．enthusiastic about boosting wellbeing
D．bad-tempered and always complaining
6．The writer photographed the boring life routine because______.
A．underlying magic consisted in daily affairs
B．gratitude fuelled a struggle against boredom
C．it was central to the essence of photography
D．she felt like being assigned demanding tasks
7．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage ?
A．Express Gratitude to Winter
B．Become a Master of Photography
C．Witness Re birth out of Injury
D．Picture this beauty in the Ordinary

Plugs across America
The United States has around 150,000 fuel stations to re till fossil-fuel-burning vehicles. Despite the rapid growth of all-electric vehicle in America — 400,000 of them were sold in 2021, up from barely la, 000 in 2012 — the country has only 6,000 fast electric charging stations, the kind that can rapidly charge a battery-powered car.
A glance at America’s charging map reveals a lot of charging deserts. This makes sense, as EVs (electric vehicle) still represent less than 3% of new car sales. Large cities have a growing number of fast charges, but not nearly enough to accommodate so many EVs. Away from cities, these charters are along interstate highways closely enough to allow electric cars safe passage. Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America. And EV stations have a problem that gas stations don’t: “Even the fastest Tesla supercharger is still going to take 15 minutes to put a couple hundred miles on the vehicle,” says Jeremy Michalek, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University.
Michalek says American charging facilities fall far behind what’ needed for the whole country to transition to electric driving. On the bright side, there is time to catch up, because not all Americans will embrace at once. Most early adopters were those with access to a charge at home in their garage or parking space. Those owners can wake up with a full battery and only need to rely on public charters when they leave town on an extended trip. But as the country gets to higher levels of EV adoption, the current facilities won’t be enough. That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips.
“As we act to higher levels of EV adoption, if we don’t have enough chargers for peak demand, the wait times are going to be unlike what we see with gas stations,” he says.
Charging dead bones will be larger as more Americans consider an EV. Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it. And as more households drive only electric vehicles, it will be crucial that people can get to all the places they want to go.
In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network. The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s biggest cities. After all, companies like Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use.
8．It can be learned from the 2nd paragraph that ______.
A．there is a shortage of charging stations in the rural areas of America
B．it takes about 15 minutes for an average charge to charge a battery-powered car
C．more electric vehicles are sold than fossil-fuel burning cars in large cities in America
D．there are enough charges in America considering the limited sales of new electric vehicles
9．Which of the following statements would Michalek most probably agree with ?
A．Companies setting up charging stations are hesitant to go electric.
B．Those who already have a home charge don’t have to find a public plug.
C．Top priority needs to be given to adding more charging stations across the country.
D．There is enough time to establish a charging network, because not many EVs are uscd.
10．What can be inferred about the renters ?
A．Some renters don’t have the intention to go electric.
B．Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge.
C．As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs, the charging dead bones are growing.
D．Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the safety reasons.
11．Who does Michalek expect to work together to establish the charging network nationwide?
A．The government and some companies.
B．The local government and every household.
C．The charging facility providers and every family.
D．The federal government and the local rural government.

Thanks to in-depth reporting by the Wall Street Journal, we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users. Young girls, in particular, struggle with their body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos showing beautiful bodies that users don’t think they can attain.
While the information the Journal covered is essential and instructive, it does not tell the whole story. Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem. Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a failed attempt to contain a teen’s interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress induced (诱发) by Instagram.
Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.
While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business. Have you ever binge-watched (狂看) a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?
While it’s reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse, it strains credulity (夸张到难以置信) to believe it causes them in the first place. You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage (自损) — as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.
Before social media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magazines, movies or television shows depicting difficult-to-attain bodies, there has been a relatively steady chorus (异口同声) of experts nothing the damage new media could cause young viewers.
Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. It’s more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.
12．The author thinks the criticisms against Instagram __________.
A．are successful attempts to change teens’ interest in addictive apps
B．address the Instagram - induced mental pain
C．are only based on the data released by Facebook
D．are not directed at the fundamental problem
13．Netflix is mentioned to __________.
A．compare the criticisms against it and Facebook
B．defend why Facebook is to blame
C．suggest the critics’ remarks are not to point
D．show Netflix does more harm to teens
14．The Instagram problem is essentially a “people problem” in that __________.
A．it is human nature to get addicted to social media
B．users decide on their experiences on social media
C．people have a tendency to feel insecure online
D．people are keen on fabricating their self - profile
15．What is the passage mainly about?
A．the unprecedented criticism facing Facebook
B．the alarming online habits of teenagers worldwide
C．the root cause of Instagram - induced mental strains
D．the harmful impact of Instagram on teenagers



ENTERTAINMENT|RESTAURANTS|THEATRE|FILM|MUSIC|EXHIBITIONS

A notable highlight of the show was the real confidence of the singing. Sam Hall was a joy to watch, with perfect comic timing, as was Emma Williams, thoroughly believable and convincing in her role. These two young talents stole the show, in my opinion. The only disadvantage is appointments were the dancing, which showed a lack of originality, and the opening scene, which fell a little flat. Despite the occasional technical flaws, this was a highly enjoyable and greatly impressive production, which the company should be proud of.

I was really looking forward to Jonathan Baker’s latest, which is set in an imagined, but realistic, London of the scar future. But I found this new effort was act down by the slightly one-dimensional characterization, and the writing is below standard for the most part : some of the early scents between Martha and her husband are slightly boring. The superb characterization and ambition that baker demonstrated in his previous novels seem to be missing here. Baker’ commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable, but the whole thing is lacking in energy.

This is episode number three in the nearly twenty-year-old series, delivering a very attractive and interesting story and loads of comedy. There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on. Besides, the puzzle are not particularly engaging, and many of them have been seen before in other adventure games. The visuals are extremely impressive, of course, as we have come to expect, this time featuring venues in Catalonia. But overall, a slight disappointment.
16．The underlined phrase “ stole the show ” most probably means______.
A．disappointed the producer B．ruined the whole performance
C．attracted the most attention D．exhibited excessive confidence
17．Which of the following statements about Jonathan Baker is TRUE ?
A．He excels in one-dimensional characterization.
B．His novels center around ordinary people’s lives.
C．His novels show consistent super characterization and ambition.
D．He is passionate about presenting realistic images of future London.
18．The puzzle in episode number three______.
A．are integrated in the narrative B．arc appealing to the audience
C．deal with the theme of exploration D．are absent in other adventure games

Life is like a roller coaster; every point has ups and downs. The truly victorious people stay committed to their broad goals even in unplanned circumstances. One true example of such people comes from a woman passionate about spreading happiness and helping others. Nicole Thornes is a mother, a former police officer, and now serving society as a death doula.
Believing small efforts could comfort individuals and unite society, Nicole thought a police officer had the opportunity to prevent crime, bring justice and create a better society for everyone. She was determined to become a police officer to protect life and bring prosperity. All her passion and motivation drove her to pursue a Criminal Justice degree to become a police officer.
Although she became a mother during her studies, she didn’t give up on her passion. Nicole could have called off her studies, but her passion for serving society didn’t let her step down. She took a break from her studies when her kids needed more attention but later came back to continue her study and completed her degree. Nicole finally became a police officer and everything went according to her plans.
But uncertainty put her in a challenging situation. Nicole suffered from an injury. The sudden medical retirement called off her journey as a police officer, but her dreams and passion did not let her stop. So, she became a death doula, allowing her to be there for people whenever needed and provide comfort to the dying and their families during difficult times. She chose this field after her grandfather’s death. She couldn’t bear the pain of losing him; therefore, she decided to become a death doula and contribute her services to help those suffering from the pain of losing their loved ones.
Nicole Thornes has written her book, Daddy’s Home, covering true events of losing someone and inspiring readers to cope with the feelings of emptiness and recover from mental illness after losing someone close. Daddy’s Home inspires readers and tells them the importance of a new beginning, helping people lighten the burden from their chest after the grief of losing someone.
19．What can be learned about Nicole Thornes?
A．Nicole Thornes dreamed of becoming a police officer since she was born.
B．Nicole Thornes pursued a Criminal Justice degree, but she gave up halfway.
C．Nicole Thornes took up a writing career immediately after getting physically hurt.
D．Nicole Thornes wrote a book, impressing on readers the significance of a new start.
20．What’s the direct cause of Nicole Thornes’ decision to become a death doula?
A．The unbearable pain brought by her grandfather’s death.
B．Her break from academic studies to take care of her kids.
C．Her sudden medical retirement due to her incurable injury.
D．Her determination to finish writing her book, Daddy’s Home.
21．According to the story of Nicole Thornes, a death doula can be described as ______.
A．a death fighter B．a special trainer
C．a support giver D．a creative police officer
22．What might be the best title for this article?
A．Nicole Thornes and her dream
B．The ups and downs of Nicole Thornes
C．Nicole Thornes: The writer of Daddy’s Home
D．Nicole Thornes: The journey from a police officer to a death doula

Not too hot, not too cold. Spring is the perfect time to visit Europe for ideal weather. The best European countries to visit in the spring include: France, Netherlands, Slovakia, Romania, Czech Republic and so on.
France
One of the most tourist-packed countries in Europe, France offers lesser crowds and more excellent weather during the spring months. Just outside of Paris are the impressive castles and country houses of Sceaux, where the cherry blossom can easily be seen in spring.
Netherlands
The Netherlands is well-known for its vast fields of flowers, making spring a perfect time for a Dutch holiday. The tulip fields in the Noordoostpolder are a must, as well as flower fields in Flevoland and Kop van Noord-Holland. In Veluwe National Park, tourists will be rewarded with the sight of red deer eating grass. A trip to the Netherlands would, of course, be incomplete without a visit to Amsterdam. The lesser crowds and lovely weather of spring make it the perfect time to explore Amsterdam’s canals.
Slovakia
Slovakia is a wonderfully diverse country with rich cultural history and awe-inspiring natural sites. Slovak Paradise is a natural park that offers 19 nature reserves and over 350 caves. Due to its hot summers and cold winters, spring is a perfect time to explore all that Slovakia has to offer.
Romania
Romania hosts a variety of great cultural sites and lively cities, especially attractive during spring months. The Statue of King Decebalus, a 141-foot-high upper part of Decebalus carved into the side of a rock, is a wonderful attraction. Brașov Old Town is one of Europe’s most charming destinations for those looking to escape the capital city of Bucharest.
Czech Republic
Due to its impossibly preserved Gothic architecture, Prague is widely regarded as the most impressive city in Europe. As such, summertime will be characterized with crowds that can ruin the romance with which you should experience Prague. May in the Czech Republic offers perfect not-too-hot, not-too-cold weather. This makes for ideal conditions to cross Charles Bridge and tour Prague Castle.
23．If one wants to appreciate flowers, he will most probably go to ______.
A．France B．Netherlands C．Romania D．Czech Republic
24．According to the passage, the best destinations for tourists interested in architecture are ______.
A．France and Romania B．Romania and Slovakia
C．Slovakia and Czech Republic D．France and Czech Republic
25．What can be learned about the countries mentioned in the passage?
A．They are packed with more crowds in spring than in other seasons.
B．Tourists can travel in ships when visiting Romania and Netherlands.
C．Travellers can catch sight of and feed wild animals in these countries.
D．Slovakia is an amazing place where tourists can enjoy natural beauty.

Digital health refers to the system of interconnected devices that can monitor and report important health information. Doctors can then use that information to ensure that your treatment is tailor-made to your situation.
The most useful aspect of digital health is the ability to constantly and accurately monitor vital information. Wearable devices can record your blood pressure or the rhythm of your heartbeat. The information is then accessible remotely through the internet, so your doctor has a wealth of information about your daily health. Your doctor can then use that information remotely to make changes to your treatment at any time.
A survey conducted by the company Lightico in March 2020, reveals how satisfied consumers are with this type of remote care. Forty-one percent said that the remote treatment they had received by means of digital devices and the internet was either “good” or “excellent.” The same positive attitude toward digital health can be seen among investors. In the first quarter of 2020, US$3.1 billion in new investments poured into the digital health industry, setting a new investment record.
Much of the excitement is connected close with the use of voice technology in digital health care. Today, around 2.5 billion devices have voice interfaces (界面) like Alexa, which enable the devices to produce and understand speech. As a result, users can communicate with these devices about their health needs by speaking instead of typing on a computer. Seniors, for example, can use Alexa to check their daily schedules and receive reminders to take their medicine.
Advances in digital health, however, also bring privacy concerns. Information regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing, for example. If health records are accessible online, protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult. But if managed properly, the benefits of digital health could certainly outweigh the risks.
26．What is this article mainly about?
A．The current state of health care training.
B．Health conditions that need urgent attention.
C．A technological trend in health care.
D．Rising pressure on health care workers.
27．According to this article, what happened during the first three months of 2020?
A．A growing number of digital devices were recalled.
B．Funding for digital health increased considerably.
C．Some digital health firms nearly went out of business.
D．Many institutions devoted effort to medical research.
28．What does this article explain about Alexa’s features?
A．How they make workers efficient.
B．How they can benefit the elderly.
C．How they save instructors time.
D．How they entertain youngsters.
29．According to this article, what is one concern about digital health?
A．Worries about the side effects caused by modern drugs.
B．Rising manufacturing costs in the health care industry.
C．Government regulations limiting the use of digital devices.
D．The danger that personal health data could be stolen.

Gentle sound stimulation, also known as pink noise, may significantly enhance deep sleep in older adults and improve their ability to recall words, a new study has found.
Deep sleep is critical for memory consolidation. However, beginning in middle age, deep sleep decreases substantially, which scientists believe contributes to memory loss in aging. The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. “This is an innovative, simple and safe non-medication approach that may help improve brain health,” said Phyllis Zee, professor at Northwestern University in the US. “This is a potential tool for enhancing memory in older populations and attenuating normal age-related memory decline,” said Zee.
Zee and a team of researchers gathered 13 adults, 60 and older, and monitored their sleep in a lab for two nights. On both nights, the participants took a memory test, went to bed while wearing headphones and a special cap, and took another memory test in the morning. But without the participants’ awareness, researchers only played pink noise into the headphones on one night. More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations. During deep sleep, brain waves slow to about one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person.
The study found that participants’ slow waves increased after the night of sound stimulation, suggesting that they were getting more deep sleep. And on the morning after hearing pink noise, they performed three times better on memory tests than they did after sleeping without any sound stimulation.
Previous research showed pink noise during deep sleep could improve memory consolidation in young people. But it has not been tested in older adults. The new study targeted older individuals and used a novel sound system that increased the effectiveness of the sound stimulation in older populations.
The study was a relatively small one, so further research is needed to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. But Northwestern has taken steps to patent the researchers’ technology, which seems to have hit upon a way to stimulate slow waves at the right moment. The team hopes to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds.
30．The new study mainly reveals that _____.
A．deep sleep consolidates old adults’ memory
B．pink noise boosts memory among the elderly
C．sleep disorders play a key role in memory loss
D．sound stimulation increases the length of sleep
31．The word “attenuating” in the second paragraph most probably means _____.
A．worsening B．reversing C．slowing down D．bringing about
32．What can be learned about the new study?
A．It employed a sound system programmed in step with brain waves.
B．It compared the effects on older adults and on younger populations.
C．It repeated the experiment several times without the participants’ notice.
D．It adjusted the participants’ slow-wave oscillations to match the stimulations.
33．It can be inferred that the approach used in the study _____.
A．may put old adults in risk in the long run
B．has the potential to be applied in practice
C．requires an innovative and affordable device
D．needs Northwestern’s patent for confirmation

New big pack from Sierra Designs
The latest pack from Sierra Designs is the Gigawatt 60L. The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. It’s made from durable 300D polyester. Features include a zipped top and side access, oversized side and front pockets. The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1.84kg and costs £130.
sierradesigns.com
Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots
Maestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpa’s Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. A pair costs £500.
scarpa.co.uk / ellis-brigham.com
Vasque Breeze gets sustainable update
The well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boot has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. It’s now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. The Breeze is also comfortable to wear with its soft footbed. The Breeze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs £140.
vasque.com

The North Face launches new ski touring clothing
The Dawn Turn clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. It includes a shell jacket, midlayers, trousers and accessories. The Dawn Turn 2.0 jacket won the innovation award at ISPO for its breathable layer. The cost is £350. The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs £325.
thenorthface.co.uk
34．The target readers of the passage are probably ______________.
A．The ski athletes B．The outdoor lovers
C．The environmentalists D．The sports retailers
35．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Both kinds of boots mentioned in the passage have two different widths.
B．The latest big pack from Sierra Designs has a fixed back system.
C．The Vasque Breeze hiking boot is both eco-friendly and waterproof.
D．The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket won the innovation award at ISPO.
36．In the boots production, which order is correct based on the carbon emissions of the materials?
A．Polymer > Pebax Renew >Fossil-based Plastics
B．Fossil-based Plastics > Pebax Renew > Polymer
C．Fossil-based Plastics > Polymer >Pebax Renew
D．Polymer >Fossil-based Plastics >Pebax Renew

When I step out onto the deck, I definitely feel the Arctic chill. That’s not surprising. I’m a good hundred miles inside the Arctic Circle; in fact, you can’t get much farther north and still be in Sweden. This is Abisko Mountain Station, perhaps the crown jewel of the Swedish mountain lodges (小屋). I’m back for a second time to this remote, scenic spot.
Last Autumn, a heavy snowstorm trapped me in my tent for days and eventually forced me to go to the station, a comfortable place. I discovered a different side to Abisko. People come here for many reasons – some to hike, some to climb, some to cross-country ski. But there’s yet another entirely different attraction here. Looking out from the deck of the train station, above a huge lake, in the upper sky of the North Pole, the Aurora, as we often refer to the northern light, mixed with green and red, was giving off ghostly light, rolling across the dark night sky.
The Aurora may be old hat to those who live this far north, but for the rest of us it is an unforgettable experience. The lights here were so appealing to us we quickly forgot the discomfort of the cold.
One of the attractions in Abisko is the Tornetrask. It’s a huge lake, which extends more than 70 kilometres long just north of the station, creates an unusual weather phenomenon that keeps the skies above the station clear even when fog or clouds blanket most of northern Sweden. The sky in this area is mostly clear all year around.
Abisko has a lot to offer to make it an ideal place to view the Aurora. It is far from any city lights. The station operates a ski lift to the top of Nuolja Peak, more than 3,000 feet high. For the first time this year, a cafe at the top of the mountain has been turned into a viewing platform for the Northern Lights, called the Aurora Sky Station. Also, the station posts forecasts each night of expected Aurora activity, collected from scientific observations arriving via computer, so visitors may choose the best viewing time.
37．What was the reason for the author’s first visit to the lodge?
A．He went there in search of the Aurora. B．He needed equipment to keep him warm.
C．He was forced there by the weather. D．He had to make his food supply there.
38．The phrase “old hat” in 3rd paragraph probably mean “________”.
A．severe and struggling B．familiar and unexciting
C．strange and shocking D．mysterious and adventurous
39．According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT a factor that makes Abisko an ideal place to view the Aurora?
A．There is a mountain viewing platform. B．Weather forecasts are available.
C．There are no city lights nearby. D．There is a café shop there.
40．The author’s overall opinion of Abisko is that ________.
A．despite the severe weather, it’s an impressive place
B．people have overestimated its popularity
C．it’s not as popular as it deserves to be
D．the cold weather worsens the Aurora viewing experience there

By now, it is pretty well understood that we regularly pay for things in ways other than using money. Sometimes we pay sill with cash. But we also pay for things with data, and more often, with our time and attention. We effectively hand over access to our minds in exchange for something “fee”， like email, streaming video or online shopping pages. As opposed to “paying” attention, we actually “spend attention”， agreeing to the view ads in exchange for something we really want.
The centrality of that deal in our lives makes it unacceptable that there are companies who seize our time and attention for absolutely nothing in exchange, and indeed, without permission at all-otherwise known as “attention theft”.
Attention theft happens anywhere you find your time and attention taken without permission, like the new, targeted advertising screens in hospital waiting rooms, the airlines that play full-volume advertising from a screen right in front of your face, or the advertising - screens in office elevators. These are just few examples in what is a growing category. Combined, they threaten to make us live life in a screen-lined cocoon(茧)，shrunken and incapable of independent thought.
Then, what makes it “theft”?Advances in neuroscience over the last several decades make it clear that our brain’s resources are unconsciously triggered(触发)by sound and movement;therefore the screens seize rare mental resources. Meanwhile, in the law, theft is typically defined as the taking control of a resource “under such circumstances as to acquire the major part of its economic value or benefit. ” Given the established market value of time and attention, when taken without permission or compensation, it really is not much different from someone taking money out of your pocket. Thus, when the firms selling public-screen advertising to target audiences brag of rapid growth and billions in profit, those are actually earnings made by stealing from us.
41．What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 1?
A．Preference for cash. B．Consumption of attention.
C．Payments in shopping. D．Addiction to mass media.
42．How does the writer show the wide spread of “attention theft”?
A．By making a definition. B．By analyzing causes.
C．By giving examples. D．By predicting results.
43．Why is “attention theft” considered as a theft?
A．It brings a fortune to the thief.
B．It lays heavy burden on the brain.
C．It takes up mental resources secretly.
D．It brings about economic loss constantly.
44．What could be the best title for the text?
A．The Crisis of Attention Theft
B．The Price of Attention Theft
C．Ads：Source or Theft of Information
D．“Paying” Instead of “Spending” Attention


45．What does Camilla have to say about sales in her region?
A．They’ve improved.
B．They’ve gone down.
C．They’ve stayed the same.
D．They’ve exploded.
46．Why does Bob think commercials via social media is a better use of money?
A．Because it doesn’t take as much effort to use.
B．Because fewer people are used to social media.
C．Because of how cool the company will appear.
D．Because of their target audience’s preference.
47．According to the passage, what aspect of the ads is especially effective?
A．It shows a lot of different emotions.
B．It appeals to people’s emotions.
C．It contains a very simple message.
D．It conveys some subtle ideas.

What’s wrong with being an amateur? While reading a recently published report saying “many people who attend plays are themselves involved in a form of amateur drama”, August Schulenburg of the Flux Theatre Ensemble questioned the divide between amateurs and professional artists.
One reason for the barrier, he suggests, is fear. “When professional arts organizations perceive their value under threat, they must draw rigid lines to protect it. Amateurs are pushed aside out of fear that they will somehow endanger the professional brands.”
But for Schulenburg, it’s an outmoded attitude towards amateurs. “The professional artist must be among them and of them; the amateur must be an equal partner at the table.” It sounds a lot like he is advocating the kind of large-scale community work. If so, he might have a point.
The importance of forming a community rather than a passive audience is something Douglas MacLennan also picked up on recently over a blog. In a post headlined “Pay attention! If selling tickets is your business model, you’ve got a problem”, he argues that theatres and other arts institutions will only survive if they “build community rather than audience”. The idea is that you give the public reasons to engage with your company, you build loyalty so that their support is more than just a consumer transaction (交易). Abigail Katz, a regular theater-goer, wonders whether theatres offer good value for money. She has written recently in a post at the Playgoer blog that much of the theatre “doesn’t do anything … doesn’t make me feel anything”.
Lynn Conner, one author of the report, also mentioned “I believe what today’s potential arts audiences most want out of an arts event is the opportunity to co-author meaning. They don’t want the arts; they want the experience. They want to gain the cultural rights by forming and exchanging opinions that are valued in the community.”
48．What do the two underlined pronouns “they” respectively refer to?
A．rigid lines; professional brands B．amateurs; professional arts organizations
C．professional brands; rigid lines D．professional arts organizations; amateurs
49．Which of the following does August Schulenburg agree with?
A．Rigid lines must be drawn to protect professional arts.
B．It is unwise for theatres to overlook amateur audience.
C．Theatres must produce serious plays to attract the audience.
D．The artists should dine together with the amateurs at the table.
50．In paragraph 4, the words of Abigail Katz are cited __________.
A．to highlight the necessity of surveying customers’ feelings
B．to emphasize the importance of advertising through blogs
C．to indicate the failure of theatres to engage the audience
D．to complain about the high price of the theatre plays
51．According to this passage, theatres should put ____________ first.
A．the audience’s sense of participation B．the quality of professional plays
C．the actors’ personal experiences D．the control of cultural rights

The 2022 World Cup has come to an end. Let’s review some facts about the hi-tech turf (草皮) that Qatar had spent much of its energy on.
Qatar, a desert nation, had three main challenges: water, air and light. It got almost every condition going against it. The water used to irrigate (灌溉) the grass is low quality, mainly treated seawater. Because of the desert sun, Qatar’s stadiums were built for maximum shade—great for preventing heatstroke, but less ideal for photosynthesis (光合作用). Inside the nearly-closed stadiums, there’s very little air movement.
Qatar identified pitch (球场) quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sport Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing 24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.
The following pictures show some tech facts about the turf, which ensures a consistent and durable surface for the players in all weather conditions.

52．What information can we learn from the passage?
① the conditions against grass growing in Qatar
② the material the stadiums were built with
③ the supplier of the turf grass
④ the efforts Qatar made to select the most suitable grass
⑤ the technology involved in making the turf
⑥ the tough challenges facing the football players
A．①③④⑤ B．①③⑤⑥ C．②③④⑤ D．②④⑤⑥
53．Atlas Turf’s grass is chosen probably because _____________.
A．it has very little air movement B．it becomes rough in windy weather
C．it is shade-tolerant D．it appears to have a golden color
54．Which of the following is TRUE about the turf?
A．24 types of grass have been planted on the turf.
B．Damage to the turf can be recovered quickly.
C．Artificial grass covers 70 percent of the turf.
D．Water can be saved at the bottom of the turf.

Doctors say you had better use it before you lose it. The more you sit each day, the more chance you have of getting sick.
Richard Rosenkranz of Kansas State University was among the researchers. He said people who sat for long periods were at great risk of diseases when compared with those who sat less. He said that was especially true for some chronic (慢性的) diseases.
Richard Rosenkranz studied the relationship between sitting and chronic diseases in middle-aged Australian men. He worked with researchers from the University of Western Sydney. They examined the health records of more than 63,000 men from New South Wales. The men were between the ages of 45 and 65. The men reported about what diseases they had, or did not have. And they kept record of the amount of time each day that they sat.
The study also showed that exercising every morning for 30 minutes did not reduce the health risk if you spend the next eight hours sitting at the desk. Mr. Rosenkranz said it was important to make sure you exercise. But he said it was also important to find ways not to sit so much during the day.
Many jobs today require sitting and working at the desk all day. James Levine works at the Mayo Clinic in the United Sates. He suggests working while standing at high table some of the time instead of sitting at a desk. Dr. Levine also suggests standing while using the telephone or eating. Or he advises walking with the people you work with for an on-foot meeting. And he notes that if you spend more time on your feet,you may have muscle activity that helps burn fats and sugars in your body.
55．What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph imply?
A．Doctors should treat all the patients well.
B．Doctors should make use of every method.
C．One should value his health before he loses it.
D．One should depend on himself to keep healthy.
56．How did Richard Rosenkranz make the study?
A．By examining some records and reports.
B．By making some laboratory experiments.
C．By talking with the doctors and patients.
D．By watching the men’s daily performance.
57．According to Dr. Levine, in order to avoid the harm of long-time sitting,what should people do?
A．Exercise more often. B．Change their jobs.
C．Stay away from the desk. D．Stand or walk more.
58．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A fashion magazine. B．A health magazine.
C．A biology textbook. D．A life guide.

When I was so small that my head barely touched the windowsill, we lived in the evergreen forests of Vermont. Our home was far, far away from any town or city, but that was the way we liked it.
Some winters, it got so cold that the river would freeze, which was unusual for water like that, water which ran so fast and deep. It felt as though time had stopped near the river, and so it had decided to become solid, settling in to wait for spring. We liked to skate on that river, my grandfather and I, even though the ice was uneven and his brown leather skates was so old.
One night, in the most frigid winter my young mind could recall, long after I should have been asleep, I caught my grandfather sneaking out of the front door, his ancient leather skates in his hands. He looked sheepish when he saw me, like I had caught him doing something silly, but I was so young that I thought no adult could ever do wrong. Especially not my grandfather, because he was the model of wisdom in my eyes.
“Grandpa, where are you going?” I asked.
“Skating on the river.”
“Why would you go out now? We did that yesterday morning.”
He looked a little thoughtful, and then he said: “It’s just that when you go out there, on the coldest, stillest night of the year, and you lie on your back on the thick, bubbled river ice, you can hear them.”
“Hear who?”
“The fish. Trapped there under the ice. You can hear them singing their watery winter song. And if you hold your breath, you can almost hear the stars singing in harmony.”
59．The underlined word “sheepish” is closest in meaning to “____________”.
A．quiet B．calm C．frightened D．embarrassed
60．Why did my grandfather sneak out that cold midnight?
A．To enjoy the charm of a peaceful night.
B．To perfect his skating skills by practice.
C．To catch the fish trapped under the ice.
D．To breathe the fresh air in the forest.
61．What can we infer from the passage?
A．It was unusual for a fast-flowing river to freeze in midwinter.
B．My grandfather and I enjoyed skating because of the uneven ice.
C．I admired my grandfather for his wisdom and outlook on life.
D．I was glad to hear the stars singing together with my grandfather.
62．The author writes the passage mainly to ____________.
A．describe the joy of living in a mountainous area
B．highlight how embracing nature can purify us
C．keep record of the carefree childhood memories
D．explain why skating is such an appealing sport

Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to the lives of their residents. Once water disappears down a pipe or toilet, people rarely think about what happens to it. It’s out of sight, out of mind. The water flows into pipes that carry excess rainwater, wastewater and solid waste away, keeping the city clean.
There are three main types of sewers (下水道): sanitary (卫生的) sewers, storm sewers and combined sewers. Taipei has both sanitary and storm sewers where rainwater and sewage are collected using different pipes.
This sewer system functions as a city’s veins (静脉). Water containing human and industrial waste is collected in sanitary sewers and conveyed to sewage treatment plants, the heart of the sewer system, where waste is treated. There, the solid waste is separated from the water, which is then cleaned before being released back into the environment. It will be reused for industrial, agricultural or environmental purposes or to produce energy. Furthermore, the mud and gas from sewage treatment can be used to produce energy. They not only contribute to a healthy environment and good quality of life, but also achieve the goal of sustainable development.
While wastewater collection and treatment are critical to the health of urban residents, storm sewers also play an important role in the city. Green space has given way to concrete during the island’s rapid development and extensive building projects over the past few decades. As a consequence, there has been a loss of the land’s natural water as concrete cannot absorb rainwater. When an extreme weather event like a severe storm or typhoon brings heavy rain, storm sewers must cope with the water, so it does not flood the city. However, storm sewers are only part of the measures for water management and flood prevention.
To reduce flooding, an integrated urban drainage management plan has been adopted, where all the factors-storm sewers, land planning and economic development-are considered together. Engineering innovations, additional flood discharge facilities and increased green space requirements in new development projects have improved water maintaining in cities.
Who knew that sewers help improve urban public health, prevent urban flooding and boost environmental protection? Together they protect vital water resources and maintain the safety of people and property.
63．According to the passage, the word “excess” in the first paragraph probably means______.
A．useless B．polluted C．extra D．processed
64．According to the passage, what does the city build two kinds of sewers for?
A．To test wastewater timely and to develop rapidly.
B．To treat wastewater and to fight against flooding.
C．To form a circulation and to clean the city.
D．To clean wastewater and to manage water.
65．What can we conclude from the passage?
A．What is unseen is as important as what is seen.
B．There are three types of sewers in every city.
C．People build sewer system because of concrete.
D．Sewers are usually repaired every few decades.
66．What would be the proper title for the passage?
A．A City’s Underground Construction
B．A City’s Hidden Network
C．How A City Operates Well
D．Two Aspects of A City or Town

We humans have always been obsessed with reaching higher, building taller, and touching the sky. In effect, we have been building towers and buildings each taller than the other. Today, we will look at four of the tallest buildings in the world.
Burj Khalifa
Since it opened on January 4, 2010, the Burj Khalifa has been the tallest building in the world. The United Arab Emirates broke world records in the 21st century for building a needle-like, 162 story skyscraper in Dubai. A public observation deck called “At the Top” is located on the 124th floor. The top floor is home to a private VIP club, closed to anyone except members.
Taipei 101
Featured in many videos, the tallest building in Taipei, China, is famous for its unique shape and awesome fireworks display every year. It houses lots of hotels, offices, apartments, and an observatory deck. There’s an outdoor round observatory square on the 91st floor of the building, at 392m above the ground, it’s now the third highest open-air observation deck in the world.
Shanghai World Financial Centre
The Shanghai World Financial Centre, is a soaring glass skyscraper with a distinctive opening at the top in Pudong District, Shanghai, China. The construction of this building began in 1997, but due to the crisis in Southeast Asia, it temporarily halted and resumed in 2003. Its final height is 492 metres and has 101 floors.
International Commerce Centre (ICC)
The ICC building, completed in 2010 in West Kowloon, is the tallest building in Hong Kong, China, and one of the world’s tallest skyscrapers at 484 metres. Original plans were for an even taller building, but zoning laws prohibited the construction of buildings higher than the surrounding mountains. The design of the skyscraper was revised (修改) and plans for a pyramidal-shaped top were abandoned.
67．What do Burj Khalifa and Taipei 101 have in common?
A．They have observatory decks.
B．They are open for half a day.
C．They are famous for their unique shapes.
D．They have the same number of floors.
68．Which building is shorter than was designed to be?
A．Shanghai World Financial Centre.
B．Burj Khalifa.
C．International Commerce Centre.
D．Taipei 101.
69．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．There’s an outdoor round observatory square on the 92nd floor of Taipei 101.
B．The top of ICC building is the shape of pyramid.
C．It took longer time than expected to finish Shanghai World Financial Centre.
D．Everyone can visit the top floor of Burj Khalifa.

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70．The website welldoing.org mainly aims to _____.
A．guide people to find suitable experts to improve welfare
B．help people find out their own personalised requirements
C．offer people good approaches to dealing with family issues
D．provide information on how to enhance health and wellbeing
71．The website provides _____ options for people to choose from to get what they need.
A．one B．two C．three D．four
72．What can be learned about the personalised matching service?
A．You need to pay 66 pounds to the tailored therapist for the service.
B．You can claim a refund if you fail to find a satisfying match after 5 attempts.
C．The matches are arranged by certificated professionals to your special needs.
D．The result of your assessment will be kept secret from the matched therapist.










参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个最适合投资者投资的地方。
1．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Clearly, everyone — whether he/she is a British citizen or a foreigner investor — who wants to start a business in London must detect first the most profitable areas. And the four most appealing ones are listed below. (显然，每个想在伦敦创业的人，无论是英国公民还是外国投资者，都必须首先发现最有利可图的领域。下面列出了四个最吸引人的)”可推知，本文是的受众群体是有兴趣在伦敦创业的投资者。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二自然段“The enormous number of residents, combined with the continuous inflow of tourists, makes it a highly wanted city for every kind of commercial activity. (庞大的居民数量，加上不断涌入的游客，使其成为各种商业活动的热门城市)”可推知，如果投资者计划在伦敦做生意，最值得考虑的因素是伦敦有不断涌入的游客和巨大的潜在消费者。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Covent Garden部分“This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. (这个区域代表了奢华与可持续发展之间的完美平衡)”、 Mayfair部分“Are you planning to open a luxury shop? Then Mayfair is undoubtedly your spot. (你打算开一家奢侈品店吗？那么梅菲尔无疑是你的位置)”以及Bond Street部分“Another luxury area with a gathering of many established high-end brands, maybe the most complicated one. (另一个豪华区，聚集了许多知名高端品牌，可能是最复杂的一个)”可知，Covent Garden、Mayfair和Bond Street适合开奢侈品店。故用排除法，如果你有足够的资金，想要开一家奢侈品店，最不应该选择Carnaby。故选B。
4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示的途中被绊倒意外受伤，休息期间在了解到了“感恩干预”理念，并在这一理念的帮助下改善了休息期间作者的情绪，懂得了在平凡中也可以发现奇迹。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was a winter afternoon when, rushing to attend the final show of my art school degree, I caught the heel of my boot on the edge of a pavement. Suddenly, I was flying through the air.(那是一个冬天的下午，我赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示，靴子的鞋跟被人行道的边缘绊了一下。突然，我在空中飞了起来。)”以及第二段中的“That day, doctors diagnosed a cracked bone.(那一天，医生诊断出骨头开裂。)”可知，作者在赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示的途中意外被绊倒伤到了骨头。故选B项。
5．词义猜测题。根据划线单词与其后的 impatient(和没耐心的)为并列关系可知，该单词的意思与“没耐心”相近，结合第三段中的“I couldn’t travel. I couldn’t go anywhere much.(我不能旅行。我哪儿也去不了。)”可知，作者在摔伤后不能外出，所以作者应该是很“暴躁”。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I began to photograph the most boring details of my days, from my breakfast cup to a red pepper reflected in the window. Despite everything, I found I could find magic in the ordinary.(我开始拍摄我生活中最无聊的细节，从早餐杯到反射在窗户上的红辣椒。不管怎样，我发现我能在平凡中找到魔力。)”可知，作者拍摄生活中的无聊的细节是发现能在平凡中找到生活中的魔力，也就是说，魔力就在平凡的生活中。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。根据尾段中的““Life seems repetitive and boring when you don’t notice the uniqueness of each moment and the constant subtle changes that are going on all around you,” write Andy Karr in a wonderful book on photography. I agree, but don’t just take my word for it — experience it for yourself.(安迪·卡尔在一本关于摄影的好书中写道：“当你没有注意到每一个时刻的独特性和周围不断发生的微妙变化时，生活就会变得重复而无聊。”我同意，但不要只相信我的话——自己去体验。)”并结合讲述的作者自己的经历可知，不能发现生活中每个时刻的独特性和生活中发生的微妙变化时，生活就会变得单调而无聊，所以，应该在生活中多注意这些平凡的琐事以及周围发生的微妙变就会发现，平凡生活中的美好，D项“想象一下平凡中的美”适合做文章标题。故选D项。
8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管全电动汽车在美国增长迅速——从2012年的不到1000辆增长到2021年的40万辆——但美国只有6000个快速充电站，这种快速充电站可以为电池驱动的汽车快速充电。文章主要介绍了美国充电站不足的现状以及解决建议。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America.(除此之外，它们在美国农村几乎不存在)”可知，美国农村地区充电站不足。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips.(这就是为什么Michalek说，美国需要优先增加交通繁忙的高速公路上休息站的充电数量，尤其是越来越多的人在夏季使用电动汽车进行公路旅行)”可知，Michalek会认同当务之急是在全国范围内增加更多的充电站。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it.(没有选择安装家庭充电器的租户会犹豫是否要完全电动，直到他们确信在他们需要的时候会有一个公共插头)”可推知，一些租客可能没有被授权安装家庭充电站。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network. The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s biggest cities. After all, companies like Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use.(在最好的情况下，Michalek设想公私合作建立一个全国性的充电网络。美国政府已承诺在整个农村地区安装充电插头，而在美国各地建设充电站的公司将有强大的动力在该国最大的城市充电。毕竟，像Electrify America, EV go和Charge Point这样的公司会向客户收取他们使用能源的费用)”可知，Michalek希望与政府和一些公司合作建立全国范围内的充电网络。故选A。
12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C

【导语】本文为一篇议论文。《华尔街日报》报道中，Instagram对许多青少年用户的心理健康产生有害影响。但在作者看来，这是其诱发用户精神紧张，放大了自身的自尊问题所致，本质上是人的问题。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.(批评人士很快就指责Facebook搁置数据，不向要求提供数据的研究人员或学者提供数据。其他人批评这家社交媒体巨头没有利用这项研究为青少年用户创造更安全的体验。这种愤怒虽然可以理解，但却不恰当)”及第四段内容可知，作者认为对Instagram的批评并没有指向根本问题。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business.(虽然我不愿意为Facebook辩护，但我不确定指责该公司隐瞒可能损害其业务的数据是否合理)”及“Have you ever binge - watched a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?(你曾经疯狂地看Netflix的电视剧吗？我向你保证这不是一个健康的尝试。你很活跃，可能没有做任何有成效的事情，漫无目的地吃零食，也不出去呼吸新鲜空气。整个周末盯着电视或笔记本电脑，客观上是一种有害的时间利用。作为回应，我们是否应该羞辱Netflix，因为它没有提醒我们这种令人上瘾的产品有多大的危害)”可知，Netflix被提及是为了表明我们受到网络的影响很大原因是自己产生的，不能完全怪罪于网络媒体，Instagram也一样，作者在此表明批评者的言论并没有指出问题。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self - sabotage— as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.(你在社交媒体上创造自己的体验。在大多数情况下，你可以选择关注和参与哪些账户。如果你已经像许多青少年一样容易受到不安全感和自我破坏的伤害，你会发现账户让你着迷。这并不是一个新现象)”可知，Instagram问题本质上是“人的问题”是因为用户在社交媒体上决定自己的体验，不是Instagram产生了这些问题。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem.(实际上，这不是Instagram的问题；这是人的问题)”及最后一段“Self - esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use.Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media.(自尊问题有一个潜在的原因，这个原因与社交媒体的使用无关。Instagram只是增强了这些感觉，因为它比旧的媒体形式提供了无限多的接触触发器的途径)”并结合全文内容可知，作者认为Instagram对于青少年用户产生心理影响，是其诱发精神紧张，放大自身的自尊问题所致。故选C项。
16．C 17．B 18．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是对一场表演、一个作家以及一部剧集的评价。
16．词句猜测题。根据第一部分“Sam Hall was a joy to watch, with perfect comic timing, as was Emma Williams, thoroughly believable and convincing in her role.(山姆·霍尔是一种观看的乐趣，有着完美的喜剧时机，艾玛·威廉姆斯也是如此，她在她的角色中完全可信和令人信服)”可知，这两个年轻人因为其表演吸引了最多的注意，故画线词意思是“吸引了最多的注意”。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第二部分“Baker’ commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable, but the whole thing is lacking in energy.(贝克致力于描述普通人的生活，这是令人钦佩的，但整件事缺乏活力)”可知，B选项“他的小说以普通人的生活为中心”正确。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据第三部分“There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on.(有一些强大的写作和配音，但新章节选择了线性叙事，沿途包含一些谜题，这比前一章节所依赖的探索和对话主题更少涉及)”可知，第三章中的谜题与叙事相结合。故选A。
19．D 20．A 21．C 22．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了妮可·索恩斯是一位来热衷于传播幸福和帮助他人的女性，她从事过警察行业现在是一名死亡陪护，并且她还出书安慰失去亲人的人们的故事。
19．细节理解题。根据第五段“Daddy’s Home inspires readers and tells them the importance of a new beginning, helping people lighten the burden from their chest after the grief of losing someone.”（《爸爸的家》启发了读者，告诉了他们一个新开始的重要性，帮助人们减轻失去亲人的悲痛后胸中的负担。）可知，妮可写了一本书，给读者留下了新开始重要性的印象。故选D项。
20．细节理解题。根据第四段“ She chose this field after her grandfather’s death. She couldn’t bear the pain of losing him; therefore, she decided to become a death doula and contribute her services to help those suffering from the pain of losing their loved ones.”（她在祖父去世后选择了这个领域。她无法忍受失去他的痛苦；因此，她决定成为一名死亡陪护，并贡献自己的服务来帮助那些因失去亲人而遭受痛苦的人。）妮可决定成为一名死亡陪护的主要原因是她祖父的死给她带来了难以忍受的痛苦。故选A项。
21．推理判断题。根据第四段“So, she became a death doula, allowing her to be there for people whenever needed and provide comfort to the dying and their families during difficult times.”（因此，她成为了一个死亡陪护，让她能够在需要的时候陪伴在人们身边，并在困难时期为垂死的人及其家人提供安慰。）可知，妮可认为死亡陪护是可以给有需要的人提供支持和安慰，换句话说就是一名支持的给予者。故选C项。
22．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Life is like a roller coaster; every point has ups and downs.”（生活就像过山车；每一点都有起伏。）及“Nicole Thornes is a mother, a former police officer, and now serving society as a death doula.”（妮可·索恩斯是一位母亲，曾是一名警察，现在作为一名死亡陪护为社会服务。）可知，本文介绍的是妮可·索恩斯从警察职员到死亡陪护的人生之旅。故选D项。
23．B 24．D 25．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五个适合春天去的旅游目的地。
23．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Netherlands is well-known for its vast fields of flowers, making spring a perfect time for a Dutch holiday. The tulip fields in the Noordoostpolder are a must, as well as flower fields in Flevoland and Kop van Noord-Holland.(荷兰以其广阔的花田而闻名，春天是荷兰人度假的最佳时机。Noordoostpolder的郁金香田是必去之地，Flevoland和Kop van Noord-Holland的花田也是必去之地)”可知，如果一个人想要赏花，他很可能会去荷兰。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Just outside of Paris are the impressive castles and country houses of Sceaux, where the cherry blossom can easily be seen in spring.(巴黎郊外有令人印象深刻的城堡和乡村别墅，春天樱花盛开)”以及最后一段“Due to its impossibly preserved Gothic architecture, Prague is widely regarded as the most impressive city in Europe.(由于其哥特式建筑保存完好，布拉格被广泛认为是欧洲最令人印象深刻的城市)”可知，对建筑感兴趣的游客的最佳目的地是法国和捷克共和国。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“Slovakia is a wonderfully diverse country with rich cultural history and awe-inspiring natural sites. Slovak Paradise is a natural park that offers 19 nature reserves and over 350 caves. Due to its hot summers and cold winters, spring is a perfect time to explore all that Slovakia has to offer.(斯洛伐克是一个非常多元化的国家，有着丰富的文化历史和令人惊叹的自然景观。斯洛伐克天堂是一个自然公园，有19个自然保护区和350多个洞穴。由于其炎热的夏天和寒冷的冬天，春天是一个完美的时间来探索斯洛伐克所提供的一切)”可知，斯洛伐克是一个令人惊叹的地方，游客可以在那里享受自然美景。故选D。
26．C 27．B 28．B 29．D

【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了什么是数字健康以及它的优缺点。
26．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Digital health refers to the system of interconnected devices that can monitor and report important health information.   Doctors can then use that information to ensure that your treatment is tailor-made to your situation.(数字健康是指可以监测和报告重要健康信息的互联设备系统。然后，医生可以使用这些信息来确保你的治疗是为你的情况量身定制的)”结合后文讲了数字健康的优点和缺点可知，本文主要介绍医疗保健的技术趋势——数字健康。故选C项。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the first quarter of 2020, US$3.1 billion in new investments poured into the digital health industry, setting a new investment record.(2020年第一季度，31亿美元的新投资涌入数字健康行业，创造了新的投资纪录)”可知，2020年前三个月用于数字卫生的资金大幅增加。故选B项。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, around 2.5 billion devices have voice interfaces like Alexa, which enable the devices to produce and understand speech.  As a result, users can communicate with these devices about their health needs by speaking instead of typing on a computer.   Seniors, for example, can use Alexa to check their daily schedules and receive reminders to take their medicine.(如今，大约有25亿台设备拥有像Alexa这样的语音接口，使设备能够产生和理解语音。因此，用户可以通过说话而不是在电脑上打字来与这些设备交流他们的健康需求。例如，老年人可以使用Alexa来查看他们的日常日程安排，并收到吃药的提醒)”可知，这篇文章解释了Alexa如何帮助老年人。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Advances in digital health, however, also bring privacy concerns.  Information regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing, for example.  If health records are accessible online, protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult. (然而，数字健康的进步也带来了隐私问题。例如，关于你健康的信息可以用于广告或营销。如果健康记录可以在线访问，保护您的信息不被窃取和未经授权的使用可能会很困难)”可知，根据本文关于数字健康的一个担忧是个人健康数据可能被窃取的危险。故选D项。
30．B 31．C 32．A 33．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项新的研究发现，轻柔的声音刺激，也被称为粉红噪音，可能会明显改善老年人的深度睡眠，并提高他们回忆单词的能力。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及方法。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段“Gentle sound stimulation, also known as pink noise, may significantly enhance deep sleep in older adults and improve their ability to recall words, a new study has found. (一项新的研究发现，轻柔的声音刺激，也被称为粉红噪音，可能会明显改善老年人的深度睡眠，并提高他们回忆单词的能力)”可知，这项新研究主要揭示了粉色噪音能提高老年人的记忆力。故选B。
31．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“This is a potential tool for enhancing memory in older populations and”以及后文“normal age-related memory decline”可知，这是一种潜在的工具，可以增强老年人的记忆，缓解与年龄有关的正常记忆衰退。故画线词意思是“缓解”。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations. During deep sleep, brain waves slow to about one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. (更具体地说，他们对声音进行了定时，以匹配参与者的慢波振荡。在深度睡眠时，脑电波缓慢到大约每秒一次振荡，而在清醒时大约每秒10次振荡)”可知，新研究采用了一种与脑电波同步的音响系统。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But Northwestern has taken steps to patent the researchers’ technology, which seems to have hit upon a way to stimulate slow waves at the right moment. The team hopes to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds. (但西北大学已经采取措施为研究人员的技术申请专利，似乎找到了一种在正确的时间刺激慢波的方法。该团队希望开发一种价格合理的设备，人们可以在家里舒适地躺在床上使用)”可推知，本研究中使用的方法具有应用于实践的潜力。故选B。
34．B 35．C 36．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几款户外活动装备背包，鞋子和衣服。
34．推理判断题。主要介绍了几款户外活动装备背包，鞋子和衣服。文章Vasque Breeze gets sustainable update部分“The well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boot has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. (Vasque Breeze登山靴采用环保材料进行了现代化改造。)”可知这篇文章的目标读者可能是户外爱好者，故选B。
35．细节理解题。文章Vasque Breeze gets sustainable update部分“It’s now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. (它现在由回收聚酯纤维制成，是第一款采用VasqueDry防水膜的靴子，该防水膜由25%的回收材料制成。)”可知根据短文，陈述是正确的的是Vasque Breeze登山靴既环保又防水，故选C。
36．细节理解题。文章Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots部分“Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. (用聚合物制造一只重新制造的靴子比用植物基Pebax Rnew制造一只“经典”靴子少排放27%的二氧化碳，后者比化石基塑料少排放32%的二氧化碳。)”可知在靴子生产中，根据材料的碳排放量，顺序是正确的化石塑料>Pebax Renew>聚合物，故选B。
37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典的阿比斯科，那是一个观赏极光的理想地点。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“This is Abisko Mountain Station, perhaps the crown jewel of the Swedish mountain lodges (小屋).(这是阿比斯科山站，也许是瑞典山小屋中皇冠上的明珠)”及第二段中的“Last Autumn, a heavy snowstorm trapped me in my tent for days and eventually forced me to go to the station, a comfortable place. I discovered a different side to Abisko.(去年秋天,一场暴风雪困在我帐篷数日,最终迫使我去车站,一个舒适的地方。我发现了阿比斯科的另一面)”可推知，作者第一次去小屋，因为他是被天气逼到那里的。故选C。
38．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“but for the rest of us it is an unforgettable experience. The lights here were so appealing to us we quickly forgot the discomfort of the cold.(但对我们其他人来说，这是一次难忘的经历。这里的光如此吸引我们，我们很快就忘记了寒冷的不适)”可知，上下文存在转折关系。由此推知，极光对于那些生活在遥远北方的人来说可能已经很熟悉了、不再有吸引力。由此可知，划线词组old hat与familiar and unexciting(熟悉而乏味)意思接近。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Abisko has a lot to offer to make it an ideal place to view the Aurora. It is far from any city lights. The station operates a ski lift to the top of Nuolja Peak, more than 3,000 feet high. For the first time this year, a cafe at the top of the mountain has been turned into a viewing platform for the Northern Lights, called the Aurora Sky Station. Also, the station posts forecasts each night of expected Aurora activity, collected from scientific observations arriving via computer, so visitors may choose the best viewing time.(阿比斯科有很多可以提供的东西，使它成为观赏极光的理想地点。它远离任何城市的灯光。该车站设有一条滑雪缆车，可直达3000多英尺高的诺奥尔加峰。今年，山顶上的一家咖啡馆首次被改造成北极光的观景台，被称为极光天空站。此外，气象站每天晚上都会发布预计极光活动的预测，这些预测是通过计算机收集的科学观测数据，因此游客可以选择最佳观赏时间)”可知，“阿比斯科有一家咖啡馆”不是使阿比斯科成为观赏极光的理想地点的因素。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I’m back for a second time to this remote, scenic spot.(这是我第二次回到这个偏僻的风景区)”，第三段中的“The lights here were so appealing to us we quickly forgot the discomfort of the cold.(这里的光如此吸引我们，我们很快就忘记了寒冷的不适)”及最后一段中的“Abisko has a lot to offer to make it an ideal place to view the Aurora.(阿比斯科有很多可以提供的东西，使它成为观赏极光的理想地点)”可推知，作者对阿比斯科的总体看法是，尽管天气恶劣，但这是一个令人印象深刻的地方。故选A。
41．D 42．C 43．C 44．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了，在我们未觉知的状态下，大众媒体屏幕获取我们的注意力，迫使我们吸收商业广告，攫取我们的精神资源。
41．段落大意题。根据第一段“By now, it is pretty well understood that we regularly pay for things in ways other than using money. Sometimes we pay sill with cash. But we also pay for things with data, and more often, with our time and attention. We effectively hand over access to our minds in exchange for something “fee”， like email, streaming video or online shopping pages. As opposed to “paying” attention, we actually “spend attention”， agreeing to the view ads in exchange for something we really want.（到目前为止，人们已经很清楚，我们经常用其他方式来支付东西，而不是用金钱。有时我们用现金支付。但我们也用数据来购买东西，更经常的是，用我们的时间和注意力。我们有效地交出了进入大脑的权利，以换取一些“收费”的东西，比如电子邮件、流媒体视频或在线购物页面。与“投入”注意力相反，我们实际上是“投入注意力”，同意观看广告以换取我们真正想要的东西。）”，可知，对于我们想要的东西，有多种支付形式，用“时间和注意力”支付，在大众媒体中换取我们想要的东西。A. 喜好换取现金；B. 消费的关注；C. 购物支付；D. 沉迷于大众媒体。根据段意，D项符合题意。故选D。
42．写作方法题。根据第三段“Attention theft happens anywhere you find your time and attention taken without permission, like the new, targeted advertising screens in hospital waiting rooms, the airlines that play full-volume advertising from a screen right in front of your face, or the advertising - screens in office elevators. These are just few examples in what is a growing category. Combined, they threaten to make us live life in a screen-lined cocoon(茧)，shrunken and incapable of independent thought.（注意力盗窃，任何地方都可能发生，你发现你的时间和注意力在未经许可的情况下被占用，比如医院候诊室里新的定向广告屏幕，在你面前的屏幕上播放大音量广告的航空公司，或者办公室电梯里的广告屏幕。这只是一个不断增长的领域中的几个例子。综合起来，它们威胁着我们，使我们生活在一个丝网包围的茧里，萎缩，无法独立思考。）”，可知，作者是通过举例来说明这一现象。故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第四段“Then, what makes it “theft”? Advances in neuroscience over the last several decades make it clear that our brain’s resources are unconsciously triggered(触发)by sound and movement; therefore the screens seize rare mental resources. Meanwhile, in the law, theft is typically defined as the taking control of a resource “under such circumstances as to acquire the major part of its economic value or benefit. ” Given the established market value of time and attention, when taken without permission or compensation, it really is not much different from someone taking money out of your pocket. Thus, when the firms selling public-screen advertising to target audiences brag of rapid growth and billions in profit, those are actually earnings made by stealing from us.（那么，是什么让它成为“盗窃”呢?过去几十年的神经科学进展表明，我们的大脑资源是由声音和运动无意识地触发的；因此，屏幕会攫取稀缺的精神资源。与此同时，在法律上，盗窃通常被定义为“在这种情况下获取资源的主要经济价值或利益”。考虑到时间和注意力的既定市场价值，如果在没有得到许可或补偿的情况下使用它，那就和有人从你口袋里拿钱没什么不同。因此，当向目标受众出售公共屏幕广告的公司吹嘘其快速增长和数十亿美元的利润时，这些实际上是在赚取通过窃取我们而得的收入。）”，可知，在未经我们许可的情况下，大众媒体屏幕攫取我们稀缺的精神资源从而谋取了利益，就是“窃取”。C项“它秘密地占用精神资源””符合题意。故选C。
44．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了，在我们未觉知的状态下，大众媒体屏幕获取我们的注意力，迫使我们吸收商业广告，攫取我们的精神资源。根据四个选项A. “注意力被盗的危机”；B. “窃取注意力的代价”；C. “信息的来源或窃取”；D. “支付”而不是“花费”注意力，可知A项符合文意。故选A。
45．A 46．D 47．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。选自某公司的会议聊天截图，主要是员工们分享发起广告宣传活动后的最新业务进展。
45．细节理解题。根据“Sure. Our sales saw a slight increase of 5% this last month. (好的。上个月我们的销售额略有增长，增长了5%。)”可知，卡米拉所在地区的销售额有提升。故选A。
46．细节理解题。根据“We should rethink when and where we play the commercials. The sales increases are coming mainly from younger people. Maybe we should focus more on social media outlets rather than the traditional and more expensive methods like television.( 我们应该重新考虑何时何地播放广告。销售额的增长主要来自年轻人。也许我们应该更多地关注社交媒体，而不是像电视这样传统且更昂贵的方法。)”可知，鲍勃认为，通过社交媒体做广告能更好地利用金钱是因为他们的目标受众的偏好。故选D。
47．细节理解题。根据“I think the emotional aspect of the ad is working.(我认为广告的情感方面是有效的。)”可知，根据文章，广告特别有效之处在于能在情感上吸引人。故选B。
48．D 49．B 50．C 51．A

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，Flux剧团的August Schulenburg在阅读最近发表的一份报告时表示，“许多观看戏剧的人自己也参与了某种形式的业余戏剧”，他对业余艺术家和专业艺术家之间的分歧提出了质疑。
48．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“When professional arts organizations perceive their value under threat(当专业艺术机构意识到自己的价值受到威胁时)”可知，第一个they指代的是professional arts organizations；根据第二段的“Amateurs are pushed aside(业余爱好者被排挤到一边)”可知，第二个they指代的是amateurs。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据第三段的“The professional artist must be among them and of them; the amateur must be an equal partner at the table.(专业的艺术家必须在他们中间和他们之中；业余选手在比赛桌上必须是平等的。)”可知，August Schulenburg同意的观点是剧院忽视业余观众是不明智的。故选B。
50．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Abigail Katz, a regular theater-goer, wonders whether theatres offer good value for money. She has written recently in a post at the Playgoer blog that much of the theatre “doesn’t do anything … doesn’t make me feel anything”.(Abigail Katz经常去剧院，她想知道剧院是否物有所值。她最近在Playgoer博客上的一篇文章中写道，剧院的大部分内容“没有任何作用……没有让我有任何感觉”。)”可知，第4段引用了Abigail Katz的话是为了指出剧院未能吸引观众。故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“I believe what today’s potential arts audiences most want out of an arts event is the opportunity to co-author meaning. They don’t want the arts; they want the experience. They want to gain the cultural rights by forming and exchanging opinions that are valued in the community.(我相信，今天潜在的艺术观众最希望从艺术活动中得到的是共同表达意义的机会。他们不想要艺术;他们想要体验。他们希望通过形成和交换在社区中有价值的意见来获得文化权利。)”可知，剧院应该把观众的参与感放在第一位。故选A。
52．A 53．C 54．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是卡塔尔花费大量精力打造的高科技草皮的一些事实。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Qatar, a desert nation, had three main challenges: water, air and light. It got almost every condition going against it.(卡塔尔是一个沙漠国家，面临着三大挑战:水、空气和光线。几乎所有的条件都对它不利。)”，倒数第二段的“Qatar identified pitch (球场) quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sport Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing 24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.(卡塔尔认为球场质量是一个特别的问题，并建立了Aspire运动草坪研发中心，以寻找适合恶劣气候的最佳草种，测试了24种不同的草种。最终，Atlas Turf的草被选中，不仅是因为它的外观，还因为它对卡塔尔面临的艰苦条件的耐受力。)”及图画中的“Technology in the grass(草里的科技)”可知，从文章中我们可以了解到卡塔尔不利于草生长的条件，草坪的供应商，卡塔尔为选择最合适的草坪所做的努力和制作草皮所涉及的技术，即①③④⑤，故选A。
53．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.(最终，Atlas Turf的草被选中，不仅是因为它的外观，还因为它对卡塔尔面临的艰苦条件的耐受力。)”和第二段的“Because of the desert sun, Qatar’s stadiums were built for maximum shade—great for preventing heatstroke, but less ideal for photosynthesis (光合作用).(由于沙漠的阳光，卡塔尔的体育场都是为了最大程度的遮阳而建造的——这对防止中暑很有帮助，但对光合作用就不太理想了。)”可知，选择Atlas Turf的草可能是因为它是耐阴的，故选C。
54．细节理解题。根据图中的文字“Artificial threads: They are sewn 18 centimeters deep into the natural turf, which enables faster recovery of the turf.(人工线：在天然草皮上缝18厘米深，可以更快地恢复草皮。)”可知，草皮的损坏可以很快恢复。故选B。
55．C 56．A 57．D 58．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明久坐影响人的健康，建议经常坐着工作的人尽可能多的站立或行走。
55．句意猜测题。文章第一段讲到“The more you sit each day, the more chance you have of getting sick. (你每天坐得越多，生病的几率就越大。)”结合本文主要讲述的是久坐影响健康，因此中心思想同健康有关，因此推断it指的是健康，可知划线句子暗示人们在失去健康之前要珍惜健康，故选C。
56．推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“They examined the health records of more than 63,000 men from New South Wales. The men were between the ages of 45 and 65. (他们检查了来自新南威尔士州的63000多名男性的健康记录。这些男性年龄在45岁到65岁之间。)”可知Richard Rosenkranz是通过检查一些记录和报告来进行研究的，故选A。
57．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“He suggests working while standing at high table some of the time instead of sitting at a desk. Dr. Levine also suggests standing while using the telephone or eating. Or he advises walking with the people you work with for an on-foot meeting.( 他建议有时站在高高的桌子旁工作，而不是坐在桌子旁。Levine博士还建议在打电话或吃饭时站着。或者他建议和同事一起步行开会。)”可知Dr. Levine建议更多的站立或行走，故选D。
58．推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是久坐影响健康，文章第一段讲到“The more you sit each day, the more chance you have of getting sick. (你每天坐得越多，生病的几率就越大。)”因此中心思想同健康有关，由此可推断此篇文章可能来自健康杂志，故选B。
59．D 60．A 61．C 62．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家住在佛蒙特州的常绿森林里，离任何城镇都很远很远，但这正是作者一家人喜欢的地方，以及作者祖父在寒冷的午夜做的事情，让作者感受到了拥抱自然可以净化人们心灵。
59．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…like I had caught him doing something silly, but I was so young that I thought no adult could ever do wrong.”（就像我发现他在做什么傻事一样，但我太年轻了，我认为没有成年人会做错事。）可知，提到我发现他在做什么傻事一样，故可猜测划线单词sheepish为“窘迫的”意思，结合选项D项embarrassed“尴尬的”意思一致。故选D项。
60．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“He looked a little thoughtful, and then he said: “It’s just that when you go out there, on the coldest, stillest night of the year, and you lie on your back on the thick, bubbled river ice, you can hear them.””（他看起来有点若有所思，然后他说：“只是当你在一年中最寒冷、最寂静的夜晚，躺在厚厚的、冒泡的河冰上时，你能听到他们的声音。”）以及最后一段中“And if you hold your breath, you can almost hear the stars singing in harmony.””（如果你屏住呼吸，你几乎可以听到星星唱歌，这一切在这里和谐共存。”）可推知，爷爷在那个寒冷的午夜偷偷溜出去是为了享受宁静夜晚的魅力。故选A项。
61．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Especially not my grandfather, because he was the model of wisdom in my eyes.”（尤其是我的祖父，因为他是我眼中智慧的典范。）以及最后一段中“And if you hold your breath, you can almost hear the stars singing in harmony.””（如果你屏住呼吸，你几乎可以听到星星唱歌，这一切在这里和谐共存。”）可知，我们能从文章中推断出作者钦佩祖父的智慧和人生观。故选C项。
62．推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was so small that my head barely touched the windowsill, we lived in the evergreen forests of Vermont. Our home was far, far away from any town or city, but that was the way we liked it.”（当我很小的时候，我的头几乎碰不到窗台，我们住在佛蒙特州的常绿森林里。我们的家离任何城镇都很远很远，但这正是我们喜欢的地方。）以及最后一段中“And if you hold your breath, you can almost hear the stars singing in harmony.””（如果你屏住呼吸，你几乎可以听到星星唱歌，这一切在这里和谐共存。”）可推知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了强调拥抱自然可以净化我们。故选B项。
63．C 64．B 65．A 66．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市下方看不见的管道网络：下水道。
63．词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“wastewater and solid waste away (废水和固体废物)”可知，根据句意为“水流入管道，将多余的雨水、废水和固体废物运走，保持城市清洁”。由此可知，划线词excess意为“多余的”。A. useless无用的；B. polluted被污染过的；C. extra额外的；D. processed处理过的。故选C。
64．推理判断题。根据第三段“Water containing human and industrial waste is collected in sanitary sewers and conveyed to sewage treatment plants, the heart of the sewer system, where waste is treated.(含有人类和工业废物的水被收集在卫生下水道中，并被输送到污水处理厂，污水处理厂是下水道系统的核心，在那里对废物进行处理)”可推知，台北建造卫生下水道是为了处理废水；根据第四段“When an extreme weather event like a severe storm or typhoon brings heavy rain, storm sewers must cope with the water, so it does not flood the city. (当严重风暴或台风等极端天气事件带来暴雨时，雨水下水道必须能够处理这些水，这样就不会淹没城市)”可推知，建造雨水下水道是为了抵御洪水。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据第一段“Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to the lives of their residents.(在每个城镇的下方，都有一个无形的管道网络，对居民的生活至关重要)”和最后一段“Who knew that sewers help improve urban public health, prevent urban flooding and boost environmental protection? Together they protect vital water resources and maintain the safety of people and property.(谁知道下水道有助于改善城市公共卫生、防止城市洪水和促进环境保护？它们共同保护重要的水资源，维护人民和财产的安全)”可知，在城市下方的下水道对居民的生活至关重要。由此推知，看不见的和看到的一样重要。故选A。
66．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to the lives of their residents. (在每个城镇的下方，都有一个无形的管道网络，对居民的生活至关重要)”可知，本文主要介绍了城市下方的看不见的管道网络。由此可知，B项“A City’s Hidden Network (城市的隐藏网络)”适合作本文标题。故选B。
67．A 68．C 69．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最高的四座建筑。
67．细节理解题。根据Burj Khalifa中“A public observation deck called “At the Top” is located on the 124th floor. ”（一个名为“At the Top”的公共观景台位于124层。）以及Taipei 101中“It houses lots of hotels, offices, apartments, and an observatory deck.”（它包括许多酒店、办公室、公寓和一个观景台。）可知，哈利法塔和台北101的共同之处是它们都有观景台。故选A项。
68．细节理解题。根据International Commerce Centre (ICC)中“The ICC building, completed in 2010 in West Kowloon, is the tallest building in Hong Kong, China, and one of the world’s tallest skyscrapers at 484 metres. Original plans were for an even taller building, but zoning laws prohibited the construction of buildings higher than the surrounding mountains.”（国际商务中心于2010年在西九龙落成，是中国香港最高的建筑，也是世界上最高的摩天大楼之一，高484米。最初的计划是建造一座更高的建筑，但分区法禁止建造高于周围山脉的建筑。）可知，国际商务中心比设计的要矮。故选C项。
69．细节理解题。根据Shanghai World Financial Centre中Shanghai World Financial Centre 中“The construction of this building began in 1997, but due to the crisis in Southeast Asia, it temporarily halted and resumed in 2003. Its final height is 492 metres and has 101 floors.”（该建筑于1997年开始建设，但由于东南亚危机，它暂时停止，并于2003年恢复。它的总高度为492米，共有101层。）可知，上海环球金融中心的完工时间比预期的要长。故选C项。
70．A 71．C 72．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为welldoing.org的网址，可以帮助人们找到合适的专家。介绍了其工作方式以及服务特色。
70．细节理解题。根据第一段“welldoing.org is an independent therapy (治疗) directory and information resource for people who want to enhance their health and wellbeing. Our aim is to help you find professional experts to support you, whatever the issues you or your family are dealing with in your life right now.(welldoing.org是一个独立的治疗目录和信息资源的人想要提高他们的健康和福祉。我们的目标是帮助您找到专业的专家来支持您，无论您或您的家人目前在您的生活中正在处理什么问题)”可知，网站welldoing.org的主要目的是引导人们寻找合适的专家来提高福祉。故选A。
71．细节理解题。根据第二部分“There are various ways to find a therapist, counsellor (顾问) or coach on welldoing.org and the best route will depend on how much help you need.(在welldoing.org上有很多方法可以找到治疗师、顾问或教练，最好的方法取决于你需要多少帮助)”可知，该网站提供三个选项供人们选择，以获得他们需要的指导。故选C。
72．细节理解题。根据最后一部分第三条“If we don't find your perfect match within 5 attempts, you get your money back.(如果我们在5次尝试中没有找到您的完美匹配，您可以拿回你的钱)”可知，如果你5次尝试都没有找到满意的匹配，你可以要求退款。故选B。