2018年天津市高考英语试卷

这是一份2018年天津市高考英语试卷，共47页。
2018年天津市高考英语试卷
　
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．例：Stand over there_________ you'll be able to see it better.A. orB. andC. butD. while答案是B．
1．（1.00分）﹣Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now？
﹣ ． She will be here in about twenty minutes．（　　）
A．All right B．Don 't worry
C．No wonder D．Enjoy yourself
2．（1.00分）Kate， sister I shared a room with when we were at college， has gone to work in Australia．（　　）
A．whom B．that C．whose D．her
3．（1.00分）At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving， but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills．（　　）
A．gave in B．dressed up C．broke in D．turned up
4．（1.00分）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend they get sweet enough to be eaten．（　　）
A．ever since B．as if C．even though D．so that
5．（1.00分）﹣I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help．
﹣ ．Just let me know when， and I'll be there．（　　）
A．You bet B．It depends C．Forget it D．No kidding
6．（1.00分）The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space．（　　）
A．advice B．order C．possibility D．invitation
7．（1.00分）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ．（　　）
A．taking B．taken C．being taken D．take
8．（1.00分）It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer．（　　）
A．display B．acquire C．teach D．test
9．（1.00分）The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race．（　　）
A．whomever B．wherever C．whoever D．whatever
10．（1.00分）I can't find my purse． I it in the supermarket yesterday， but I'm not sure．（　　）
A．should leave B．must have left
C．might leave D．could have left
11．（1.00分）Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report， but he went ．（　　）
A．at first B．after all C．above all D．at random
12．（1.00分）I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help it．（　　）
A．to cat； to try B．eating； trying
C．eating； to try D．to eat； trying
13．（1.00分）My washing machine this week， so I have to wash my clothes by hand．（　　）
A．was repaired B．is repaired
C．is being repaired D．has been repaired
14．（1.00分）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat．（　　）
A．which B．that C．when D．where
15．（1.00分）If we the flight yesterday， we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now．（　　）
A．had caught B．caught C．have caught D．would catch
　
第二节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
16．（30.00分）No one is born a winner． People make themselves into winners by their own （1）　 　．
I learned this lesson from a（n）（2）　 　many years ago． I took the head（3）　 　job at a school in Baxley， Georgia． It was a small school with a weak football program．
It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the（4）　 　team at the end of spring practice． The old team had no coach， and they didn't even practice to（5）　 　the game． Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated． I couldn't （6）　 　I had got into such a situation． Thinking hard about it， I came to（7）　 　that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia， but they were（8）　 　me． I had to change my （9）　 　about their ability and potential．
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little （10）　 　．Most important， I began to treat them like （11）　 　． That summer， when the other teams enjoyed their （12）　 　 ， we met every day and （13）　 　passing and kicking the football．
Six months after suffering our （14）　 　on the spring practice field， we won our first game and our second， and continued to （15）　 　．Finally， we faced the number one team in the state． I felt that it would be a （16）　 　for us even if we lost the game． But that wasn't what happened． My boys beat the best team in Georgia， giving me one of the greatest （17）　 　of my life！
From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can （18）　 　the members of a team． Instead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and （19）　 　them． I helped them to see themselves（20）　 　， and they built themselves into winners．
Winners are made，not born．

（1）A． luck
B． tests
C． efforts
D． nature
（2）A．experiment
B． experience
C． visit
D． show
（3）A． operating
B． editing
C． consulting
D． coaching
（4）A． successful
B． excellent
C． strong
D． new
（5）A． cheer for
B． prepare for
C． help with
D． finish with
（6）A． believe
B． agree
C． describe
D． regret
（7）A． realize
B． claim
C． permit
D． demand
（8）A． reacting to
B． looking for
C． depending on
D． caring about
（9）A． decision
B． attitude
C． conclusion
D． intention
（10）A． pride
B． culture
C． fortune
D． relationship
（11）A． leaders
B． partners
C． winners
D． learners
（12）A． rewards
B． vacations
C． health
D． honor
（13）A． risked
B． missed
C． considered
D． practiced
（14）A． defeat
B． decline
C． accident
D． mistake
（15）A． relax
B． improve
C． expand
D． defend
（16）A． shame
B． burden
C． victory
D． favor
（17）A． chances
B． thrills
C． concerns
D． offers
（18）A． surprise
B． serve
C． interest
D． affect
（19）A． encouraged
B． observed
C． protected
D． impressed
（20）A． honestly
B． individually
C． calmly
D． differently
　
第二部分：阅读理解（每小题2.5分，满分50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
17．（12.50分）
A
Fire Prevention Information
The University of Adelaide employs a full﹣time staff of fire prevention professionals． They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler（喷水灭火装置） systems，fire alarms，and fire extinguishers（灭火器）． They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls． Whenever you move to a new area， you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room．
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes． Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors， smoke detectors and sprinklers． For your safety，never tamper with（胡乱摆弄） these systems． False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment．
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester． During a fire drill，please do the following：
•Take your room key and ID，close and lock the door to your room．
•Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit；do not use a lift．
•Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions．
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment． Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so． Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property． Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines．
Smoke Detectors
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room． Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings． Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector：
•If your smoke detector is working properly， the red light should be on． If the red light is not blinking（闪动）， contact residence hall staff immediately．
•Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way．
•If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke， inform your hall staff．

（1）What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals？　 　
A． To provide part﹣time jobs for students．
B． To lead the students to the nearest exits．
C． To check and maintain fire prevention equipment．
D． To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals．
（2）What do the automatic fire alarm systems include？　 　
A． Pipes and smoke detectors．
B． Smoke detectors and sprinklers．
C． Fire alarm pull stations and pipes．
D． Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations．
（3）In a fire drill， the students should　 　．
A． rush quickly to a lift
B． gather at the nearest exit
C． shut the door and leave at once
D． wait for instructions in the hall
（4）What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers？　 　
A． Using them wrongly results in punishment．
B． Irresponsible use of them can damage them．
C． Improper use of them can destroy the apartment．
D． Using them without a trainer present is forbidden．
（5）To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector， one should　 　．
A． contact the hall staff regularly
B． cover the things that burn easily
C． start the smoke detector in a fire
D． make certain the red light is working
18．（12.50分）
B
When I was 17， I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay， once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay． She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death． On a sunny Saturday， Sally and I drove over to the museum． She asked， "Do you have the address？ ""No， but I'll recognize it， there was a picture in the magazine．
"Oh， stop． There it is！"
The museum was free． We entered， excited． A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us．
"May I help you？" a man asked． "No， "I said． "we're fine．" Tour guides got on my nerves． What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in？ Sally had gone upstairs． The people in the hall seemed very nosy（爱窥探的）， keeping their eyes on me with curiosity． What was their problem？ I saw some nice sculptures in one room． Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me． "Where do you think you are？" he asked． I turned sharply． "The McNay Art Museum！" He smiled， shaking his head． "Sorry， the McNay is on New Braunfels Street． ""what's this place？" I asked， still confused． "Well， it' s our home．"My heart jolted（震颤），I raced to the staircase and called out，" Sally! Come down immediately!
"There' s some really good stuff（艺术作品） up there．" She stepped down， looking confused． I pushed her toward the front door， waving at the family， saying， "Sorry， please forgive us， you have a really nice place． "Outside， when I told Sally what happened， she covered her mouth， laughing． She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything．
The real McNay was splendid， but we felt nervous the whole time we were there． Van Gogh， Picasso． This time， we stayed together， in case anything else unusual happened．
Thirty years later， a woman approached me in a public place． "Excuse me， did you ever enter a residence， long ago， thinking it was the McNay Museum？"
"Yes． But how do you know？ We never told anyone．"
"That was my home． I was a teenager sitting in the hall． Before you came over， I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in． I never felt lucky before． You thought it was a museum． My feelings about my home changed after that． I've always wanted to thank you．"

（1）What do we know about Marian McNay？　 　
A． She was a painter．
B． She was a community leader．
C． She was a museum director．
D． She was a journalist．
（2）Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house？　 　
A． She disliked people who were nosy．
B． She felt nervous when talking to strangers．
C． She knew more about art than the man．
D． She mistook him for a tour guide．
（3）How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall？　 　
A． Puzzled．
B． Concerned．
C． Frightened．
D． Delighted．
（4）Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words？　 　
A． The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her．
B． She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum．
C． The McNay was disappointing compared with the house．
D． The event happening in the house was more significant．
（5）What could we learn from the last paragraph？　 　
A． People should have good taste to enjoy life．
B． People should spend more time with their family．
C． People tend to be blind to the beauty around them．
D． People tend to educate teenagers at a museum．
19．（12.50分）
C
There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus： food． Recent development has made possible machines that print， cook， and serve foods on a mass scale． And the industry isn't stopping there．
Food production
With a 3D printer， a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake． Not everybody can do that﹣it takes years of experience， but a printer makes it easy． A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to "re﹣create forms and pieces" of food that are "exactly the same，" freeing cooks to complete other tasks． In another restaurant， all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D﹣printed， rather than farm to table．
Sustainability（可持续性）
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050， and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels． Sustainability is becoming a necessity． 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution． Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids（水解胶体）from plentiful renewables like algae（藻类） and grass to replace the familiar ingredients（烹饪原料）． 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions． Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end， freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements．
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier． Hod Lipson， a professor at Columbia University， said， "Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content， like vitamins． So instead of eating a piece of yesterday 's bread from the supermarket， you'd eat something baked just for you on demand．"
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome． Currently， most ingredients must be changed to a paste（糊状物）before a printer can use them， and the printing process is quite time﹣consuming， because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways． On top of that， most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad． Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers， believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high﹣end restaurants．

（1）What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？　 　
A． It helps cooks to create new dishes．
B． It saves time and effort in cooking．
C． It improves the cooking conditions．
D． It contributes to restaurant decorations．
（2）What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3？　 　
A． It solves food shortages easily．
B． It quickens the transportation of food．
C． It needs no space for the storage of food．
D． It uses renewable materials as sources of food．
（3）According to Paragraph 4，3D﹣printed food　 　．
A． is more available to consumers
B． can meet individual nutritional needs
C． is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D， can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
（4）What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely？　 　
A． The printing process is complicated．
B． 3D food printers are too expensive．
C． Food materials have to be dry．
D． Some experts doubt 3D food printing．
（5）What could be the best title of the passage？　 　
A． 3D Food Printing： Delicious New Technology
B． A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing
C． The Challenges for 3D Food Production
D． 3D Food Printing： From Farm to Table
20．（12.50分）
D
Give yourself a test． Which way is the wind blowing？ How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door？ If your awareness is as sharp as it could be， you'll have no trouble answering these questions．
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults． A child's day is filled with fascination， newness and wonder． Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness． But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear， we are numb （麻木的） to new stimulation（刺激）， new ideas． Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple， although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits．
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs． This blocks awareness． One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students， I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream． The students began complaining about how cold it would be． We reached the stream， and they unwillingly walked ahead． They were almost knee﹣deep when they realized it was a hot spring． Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first．
Another block to awareness is the obsession （痴迷） many of us have with naming things． I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird， immediately looked it up in field guides，and said， a "ruby﹣crowned kinglet" and checked it off． They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing．
The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness． I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp﹣ground with just enough time to get there before dark． It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit， to take a moment to see what's around them． I asked them what they'd seen． "Oh， a few birds， "they said． They seemed bent on their destinations．
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait． Next time you take a walk， no matter where it is， take in all the sights， sounds and sensations． Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life．

（1）According to Paragraph 2， compared with adults， children are more　 　．
A． anxious to do wonders
B． sensitive to others' feelings
C． likely to develop unpleasant habits
D． eager to explore the world around them
（2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3？　 　
A． To avoid jumping to conclusions．
B． To stop complaining all the time．
C． To follow the teacher's advice．
D． To admit mistakes honestly．
（3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they　 　．
A． are very patient in their observation
B． are really fascinated by nature
C． care only about the names of birds
D． question the accuracy of the field guides
（4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey？　 　
A． The natural beauty isn't attractive to them．
B． They focus on arriving at the camp in time．
C． The forest in the dark is dangerous for them．
D． They are keen to see rare birds at the destination．
（5）In the passage， the author intends to tell us we should　 　．
A． fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B． get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C． open our mind to new things and ideas
D． try our best to protect nature
　
第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（满分10分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题．
21．（10.00分）Some people live to climb the highest mountains． Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all． But one thing is certain， all people encounter mountains in their life．
When I was a little girl， my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain． One day after school， while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain， I almost fell on a set of stairs． What could these steps lead to？ Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon． I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps．
I climbed and climbed． There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps． I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark． If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back． My mum would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon． So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared．
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain． Could there be a castle up there？ Maybe I would find a monster（怪物）．Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home． Or， maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost． I could hardly wait to try this adventure again．
Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" attitudes． We all fall down． We all have doubts and regrets． Still we must climb and dream about what's at the top of our mountain． Monsters may appear or the night will fall． But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you， "You can't．" Dream big and climb high！

（1）What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top？（no more than 5 words）　 　
（2）Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain？ Give two reasons．（no more than 15 words）　 　
（3）How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4？（no more than 10 words）
　 　
（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？（no more than 5 words）　 　
（5）What's your attitude towards the"mountain"in your life？Please explain．（no more than 20 words）　 　
　
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
22．（25.00分）假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖．你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛．请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件．
（1）比赛的时间、地点；
（2）邀请他的原因；
（3）训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议．
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．
参考词汇：
世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition
Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you．　 　
I'm looking forward to your reply．
Yours，
Li Jin
　

2018年天津市高考英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
　
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．例：Stand over there_________ you'll be able to see it better.A. orB. andC. butD. while答案是B．
1．（1.00分）﹣Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now？
﹣ ． She will be here in about twenty minutes．（　　）
A．All right B．Don 't worry
C．No wonder D．Enjoy yourself
【分析】﹣琼现在不应该在这儿吗？
﹣别担心，她大约二十分钟后到这里．
【解答】考查语言交际．All right行；可以；Don 't worry别担心，用来安慰对方不要担心；No wonder难怪，怪不得；Enjoy yourself玩的开心、玩得高兴，请自便，请随意．句意：﹣琼现在不应该在这儿吗？﹣别担心，她大约二十分钟后到这里．
故选：B．
【点评】情景对话题主要考察英语的日常用语、习惯用语以及各种场合的交际性语言，并从实际出发，考查交际语言的运用能力．做题时仔细阅读上下文，找出上下文之间的联系．
　
2．（1.00分）Kate， sister I shared a room with when we were at college， has gone to work in Australia．（　　）
A．whom B．that C．whose D．her
【分析】凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了，在我们上大学时我和她妹妹共用一个房间．
【解答】考查关系代词．分析可知逗号之间的"___ sister I shared a room with when we were at college"是非限制性定语从句，其先行词是Kate．分析定语从句的句子成分可知，从句中缺少定语；引导定语从句的引导词中只有whose可以做定语．我们可将定语从句还原为：I shared a room with her sister when we were at college．whom做宾语，that可以做主语或者宾语，her不能够引导定语从句．
故选：C．
【点评】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that， which， whose， whom， as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词．
　
3．（1.00分）At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving， but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills．（　　）
A．gave in B．dressed up C．broke in D．turned up
【分析】起初，罗伯特不让他的女儿潜水，但最终他屈服了，因为她对自己的技能很有信心．
【解答】考查动词短语的辨析．give in让步；屈服； 投降；dress up装扮；盛装打扮；break in打断；闯入； turn up（常指出其不意地或经长久等待后）出现，到来，露面；开大，调高（收音机、暖气等）．句意：起初，罗伯特不让他的女儿潜水，但最终他屈服了，因为她对自己的技能很有信心．
故选：A．
【点评】本题考查动词短语的辨析．在高中的学习中平时要多积累动词及动词固定搭配的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思，所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的．
　
4．（1.00分）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend they get sweet enough to be eaten．（　　）
A．ever since B．as if C．even though D．so that
【分析】我们周末之前不要摘这些桃子，以便吃它们的时候就足够甜了．
【解答】考查从属连词的用法．ever since"自从"，引导时间状语从句．as if"仿佛，好像"，引导方式状语从句．even though"尽管，即使"，引导让步状语从句．so that作"为了，以便"讲时，引导目的状语从句；作"结果"讲时，引导结果状语从句．分析可知前后两句话之间是逻辑上的"目的"关系．句意：我们周末之前不要摘这些桃子，以便吃它们的时候就足够甜了．
故选：D．
【点评】本题考查从属连词的用法．连词的用法辨析，要注意分析主从句之间的逻辑关系，再确定相应的连词，同时注意不同的连词的语义及用法区别．
　
5．（1.00分）﹣I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help．
﹣ ．Just let me know when， and I'll be there．（　　）
A．You bet B．It depends C．Forget it D．No kidding
【分析】﹣我过几天就搬家，不知你能否帮忙．
﹣当然！只要告诉我什么时候搬家，我就会在那里．
【解答】考查语言交际．You bet当然；一定；It depends视情况而定；Forget it算了吧（用语道歉的语境）；休想（表示不接受对方观点或意见）；No kidding（用以强调陈述的真实性）不开玩笑，说真的．句意：﹣我过几天就搬家，不知你能否帮忙．﹣当然！只要告诉我什么时候搬家，我就会在那里．
故选：A．
【点评】情景对话题主要考察英语的日常用语、习惯用语以及各种场合的交际性语言，并从实际出发，考查交际语言的运用能力．做题时仔细阅读上下文，找出上下文之间的联系．
　
6．（1.00分）The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space．（　　）
A．advice B．order C．possibility D．invitation
【分析】宇宙中其他行星上存在生命的可能性一直激励科学家去探索外层空间．
【解答】考查名词的词义辨析．分析可知"that there is life on other planets in the universe "是同位语从句，其先行词就是横线处所填的名词．advice建议；劝告，忠告； order指示；命令；possibility可能，可能性； invitation招待，邀请；请柬，请帖．句意：宇宙中其他行星上存在生命的可能性一直激励科学家去探索外层空间．
故选：C．
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析．名词词义辨析题一直都是高考考查的一个热点，它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力．由于英语词汇丰富，且用法多变，考生掌握起来有较大难度，因此在平时应注意词汇的积累，理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配，再联系句子所表述的意义和语境，选出正确的答案．
　
7．（1.00分）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ．（　　）
A．taking B．taken C．being taken D．take
【分析】我需要一张新护照，所以我得照张相．
【解答】考查非谓语动词．" have + sth （宾语）+ 过去分词（宾语补足语）"意为"让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事"．宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系．photograph与动词take之间是被动关系，故应该使用动词的过去分词作宾语补足语．" have +sb / sth （宾语）+ 现在分词（宾语补足语）"意为"叫 / 让 / 使某人做一直某事或让某种情况发生"．宾语 sb/sth 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行． have + sb （宾语）+ do sth （宾语补足语）"意为"让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事"．此结构中的 have 是使役动词，sb 作宾语，其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语．
故选：B．
【点评】在英语中，出现了have sth done，have sb do sth 与 have sb/ sth doing 三种结构，不少同学对这些结构区分不清，把握不准．
一、 have sth done
" have + sth （宾语）+ 过去分词（宾语补足语）"意为"让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事"．宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系．例如：
We had the machine mended just now．
我们刚才请人把机器修好了．
He has had his hair cut．
他（请人给他）理发了．
The patient is going to have his temperature taken．
这个病人准备请 / 叫 / 让人量体温．

二、 have sb do sth
" have + sb （宾语）+ do sth （宾语补足语）"意为"让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事"．此结构中的 have 是使役动词，sb 作宾语，其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语．例如：
The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day．
老板经常要他们一天工作14 个小时．
I'll have someone repair the bike for you．
我会让人为你修理自行车的．
Don't forget to have Mr Brown come to our party． （ = Don't forget to ask / invite Mr Brown to come to our party． ）
别忘了让布朗先生来参加我们的晚会．

三、 have sb / sth doing
" have +sb / sth （宾语）+ 现在分词（宾语补足语）"意为"叫 / 让 / 使某人做某事或让某种情况发生"．宾语 sb/sth 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行．例如：
Don't have the baby crying！ 不要让婴儿啼哭！
Don't have the dog barking much，Lilin． 李林，别让狗狂吠不停．
You'd better have your car running slowly． 你最好把车子开慢点．
have sth． to do 是要干某事，这件事是由主语来做的，而have sth． to be done是有事要做，这件事本质上不是由主语来做的．
比方说：I have my dinner to cook．这里的饭是我做的，而I have my hair to be cut．头发不是我来剪的，是理发师，但我要剪头发．

1．have sth． to be done是有些事情等着被做，其中的不定式表此时目前还没有被做．而have sth． done指的是此事已经被做完．二者有一个时间差．
2．另外要注意的是have sth． done短语中，做这件事情的人一定不是你自己而是别人．用楼上的例子：I have my hair done this morning． 肯定是别人帮你剪的头发．因此如果是自己做的事情不能用此短语．
　
8．（1.00分）It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer．（　　）
A．display B．acquire C．teach D．test
【分析】他花了很长时间才掌握了成为一名优秀舞蹈演员所需要的技能．
【解答】考查动词词义辨析．display 展示；展览；陈列；acquire学到；获得，取得；teach教育；教导；使学会；test测验；考验．句意：他花了很长时间才掌握了成为一名优秀舞蹈演员所需要的技能．
故选：B．
【点评】本题考查动词词义辨析．在熟知词义的基础上，再联系句子所表达的含义，从而选出正确的答案．
　
9．（1.00分）The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race．（　　）
A．whomever B．wherever C．whoever D．whatever
【分析】金牌将被授予任何赢得自行车赛第一名的人．
【解答】考查宾语从句．分析句子可知，to为介词，其后跟的是宾语从句，从句中缺少动词win的主语，指人应该使用who或whoever，根据句意：金牌将被授予任何赢得自行车赛第一名的人，可知应该使用whoever．
故选：C．
【点评】对于这种类型的题目需要根据语境及相关的语法知识选出正确答案，需要考生多积累和总结．
　
10．（1.00分）I can't find my purse． I it in the supermarket yesterday， but I'm not sure．（　　）
A．should leave B．must have left
C．might leave D．could have left
【分析】我找不到我的钱包了，昨天我可能把它放在超市里，但我不敢肯定．
【解答】考查情态动词．"情态动词 + have done"表示对发生过的事作某种猜测、推测，因此可排除A和C．"must+have+done"表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成"（过去）一定做过某事"，该结构只用于肯定句；"could+have+done"是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是"本来能够做某事而没有做"，也可以表示对过去事情的推测，意为""（过去）可能做过某事"．句意：我找不到我的钱包了，昨天我可能把它放在超市里，但我不敢肯定．
故选：D．
【点评】"情态动词 + have done"表示对发生过的事作某种猜测、推测．这个结构是近几年高考情态动词的重点和难点．
　
11．（1.00分）Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report， but he went ．（　　）
A．at first B．after all C．above all D．at random
【分析】鲍伯认为他不能去参加晚会，因为他不得不写报告，但他终究还是去了．
【解答】考查介词短语．at first起初，当初；after all毕竟；终究；归根结底；above all首先，尤其重要的是；at random任意地，随便地．句意：鲍伯认为他不能去参加晚会，因为他不得不写报告，但他终究还是去了．
故选：B．
【点评】本题考查介词短语．介词短语题一直是高考的热点之一，它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力，由于英语词汇丰富，考生掌握起来有一定难度，因此平时应注意介词的积累，理解其含义和用法，再联系句子所表述的意思和语境，选出正确答案．
　
12．（1.00分）I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help it．（　　）
A．to cat； to try B．eating； trying
C．eating； to try D．to eat； trying
【分析】我并不打算吃什么，但冰淇淋看起来那么好以致我禁不住想要吃它．
【解答】考查动词不定式．第一空：mean to do sth．意为"打算做某事"；第二空：can't help doing sth．意为"禁不住做某事"．D项正确．
故选：D．
【点评】英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来，动词ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词．它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰．动名词有时态和语态的变化．另一方面动名词在句子的用法及功能与名词类同：在句子可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语．它也可以被副词修饰或者用来支配宾语．
　
13．（1.00分）My washing machine this week， so I have to wash my clothes by hand．（　　）
A．was repaired B．is repaired
C．is being repaired D．has been repaired
【分析】我的洗衣机这个星期拿去修理去了，因此我不得不动手洗衣服．
【解答】答案：C．本题考查现在进行时的被动语态．分析主语washing machine 与谓语动词repair的关系，可得知主语不能发出谓语动词的动作，只能成为动作的承受者，应使用被动语态．再结合后半句表明：so I have to wash my clothes by hand衣服不得不手洗，说明洗衣服现在正在修理中心维修．现在进行时可以表示一段时间内维持的某个动作，正符合句意．再结合被动语态的使用，故该句使用现在进行时的被动，即：be being done．
故选：C．
【点评】本题考查了现在进行时的被动语态，解答该类试题一定要对被动和进行时的用法进行深入的学习和了解，再结合句子的实际情况进行合理的分析和推理，从而得出正确答案．
　
14．（1.00分）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat．（　　）
A．which B．that C．when D．where
【分析】当车停在我们房子前面的时候，我们才看到莉莉坐在里面．
【解答】答案：B．本题考查强调句．强调句的句式为：It was +被强调部分+that+句子其他．．本句中，句子成分完整，不缺少主要主语和宾语，则使用强调句，对时间状语进行强调．
故选：B．
【点评】本题考查强调句，解答试题应注意分析句子成分．
　
15．（1.00分）If we the flight yesterday， we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now．（　　）
A．had caught B．caught C．have caught D．would catch
【分析】如果我们昨天赶上了飞机，现在我们就可以在海滩上享受假期了．
【解答】考查错综条件句的虚拟语气．在本题中从句所涉及的时间为过去，但主句所涉及的时间为现在．这样的情况，我们应根据具体的语境情况，对时态作相应的调整．根据if条件句中的时间状语yesterday可知从句与过去事实相反，谓语动词应该使用过去完成时．
故选：A．
【点评】本题考查虚拟语气．if引导的虚拟条件句是高考考试的重要考察点．应对虚拟语气题目时，我们需要记住一个公式：语法 + 语境 = 正确答案．语法就是指上述各种虚拟语气的结构和用法，需要考生牢牢把握这些虚拟语气的基础知识；语境即说话人的语意、情感、态度等．实际上，目前高考中的大多数语法单项填空题都不是纯粹的考查语法结构，必须把语法或惯用法与语境结合起来才能得出正确答案．因此我们应遵循这个解题模式．
　
第二节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
16．（30.00分）No one is born a winner． People make themselves into winners by their own （1）　C　．
I learned this lesson from a（n）（2）　B　many years ago． I took the head（3）　D　job at a school in Baxley， Georgia． It was a small school with a weak football program．
It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the（4）　D　team at the end of spring practice． The old team had no coach， and they didn't even practice to（5）　B　the game． Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated． I couldn't （6）　A　I had got into such a situation． Thinking hard about it， I came to（7）　A　that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia， but they were（8）　C　me． I had to change my （9）　B　about their ability and potential．
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little （10）　A　．Most important， I began to treat them like （11）　C　． That summer， when the other teams enjoyed their （12）　B　 ， we met every day and （13）　D　passing and kicking the football．
Six months after suffering our （14）　A　on the spring practice field， we won our first game and our second， and continued to （15）　B　．Finally， we faced the number one team in the state． I felt that it would be a （16）　C　for us even if we lost the game． But that wasn't what happened． My boys beat the best team in Georgia， giving me one of the greatest （17）　B　of my life！
From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can （18）　D　the members of a team． Instead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and （19）　A　them． I helped them to see themselves（20）　D　， and they built themselves into winners．
Winners are made，not born．

（1）A． luck
B． tests
C． efforts
D． nature
（2）A．experiment
B． experience
C． visit
D． show
（3）A． operating
B． editing
C． consulting
D． coaching
（4）A． successful
B． excellent
C． strong
D． new
（5）A． cheer for
B． prepare for
C． help with
D． finish with
（6）A． believe
B． agree
C． describe
D． regret
（7）A． realize
B． claim
C． permit
D． demand
（8）A． reacting to
B． looking for
C． depending on
D． caring about
（9）A． decision
B． attitude
C． conclusion
D． intention
（10）A． pride
B． culture
C． fortune
D． relationship
（11）A． leaders
B． partners
C． winners
D． learners
（12）A． rewards
B． vacations
C． health
D． honor
（13）A． risked
B． missed
C． considered
D． practiced
（14）A． defeat
B． decline
C． accident
D． mistake
（15）A． relax
B． improve
C． expand
D． defend
（16）A． shame
B． burden
C． victory
D． favor
（17）A． chances
B． thrills
C． concerns
D． offers
（18）A． surprise
B． serve
C． interest
D． affect
（19）A． encouraged
B． observed
C． protected
D． impressed
（20）A． honestly
B． individually
C． calmly
D． differently
【分析】作者是从自己的一次经历中意识到领导者的态度对队员有影响．没有人天生就是赢家，通过自己的努力，总会获得成功．即使队员失败了，领导者也要把他们当初胜利者来对待．
【解答】1﹣5 CBDDB 6﹣10 AACBA 11﹣15 CBDAB 16﹣20CBDAD
1．C．考查名词辨析．根据上句No one is born a winner．可知没有人天生就是赢家，所以用C． efforts做by their own的中心词，表示"通过自己的努力"．
2．B．考查名词辨析．根据下文可知本句作者是从自己的一次经历中得出的这个总结，所以答案是B． experience表示"经历"．
3．D．考查形容词辨析．根据后面的Being the coach of the new team可知作者是一个教练，所以答案是D． coaching，表示"指导"．其他选项operating表示"操作"； editing表示"编辑"； consulting表示"咨询"．
4．D．考查形容词辨析．和the school's old team相对比，本题用 D． new修饰 team．
5．B．考查短语辨析．根据they didn't even practice to可知用B． prepare for 修饰the game，表示"他们甚至没有训练来为比赛做准备"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．A． cheer for表示"为…欢呼"；C． help with表示"帮助"；D． finish with表示"用…完成"
6．A．考查动词辨析．根据I was excited because I knew we were going to win，but to my disappointment we were defeated可知作者不相信被打败了，所以本句用A． believe表示"相信"；其他选项的含义与句意不符．B． agree表示"同意"；C． describe表示"描述"；D． regret表示"后悔"．
7．A．考查动词辨析．根据Thinking hard about it，可知本句表示作者意识到自己的问题，所以用动词A． realize表示"意识到"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．B． claim表示"声称"；C． permit表示从"允许"；D． demand表示"要求"．
8．C．考查短语辨析．根据上句I came to（7）Athat my team might not be the number one team in Georgia，可知作者明白他们不是一流的球队，所以本句表示"但是他们可以依赖我"，所以答案是C． depending on表示"依赖"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．A． reacting to表示"反应"；B． looking for表示"寻找"；D． caring about表示"关心"．
9．B．考查名词辨析．根据上句I came to（7）Athat my team might not be the number one team in Georgia，可知作者明白他们不是一流的球队，所以本句表示作者改变了对球员的态度，所以答案是B． attitude表示"态度"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．A． decision表示"决定"； C． conclusion表示"结论"；D． intention表示"打算"．
10．A．考查名词辨析．根据上文可知他们被打败了，所以作者要帮助学生建立自尊，所以答案是A． pride表示"骄傲"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．B． culture表示"文化"；C． fortune表示"运气"；D． relationship
表示"关系"．
11．C．考查名词辨析．根据上文可知作者要帮助学生建立自尊，所以本句表示作者把他们当做获胜者来对待，所以答案是C． winners．
12．B．考查名词辨析．根据时间状语That summer，可知用B． vacations做enjoyed的宾语，表示"享受暑假"．
13．D．考查动词辨析．根据宾语passing and kicking the football．可知用D． practiced表示"练习传球和踢球"．
14．A．考查名词辨析．根据后句we won our first game，可知在之前他们一直是失败，所以用A． defeat表示"失败"．
15．B．考查动词辨析．根据we won our first game and our second， and可知 continued to的宾语是 B． improve ，表示"我们一直在提高"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．A． relax 表示"放松"；C． expand表示"扩张"；D． defend表示"防卫"．
16．C．考查名词辨析．根据Finally， we faced the number one team in the state可知他们进了决赛，所以这对于一个弱队是一个胜利，所以用C． victory 表示"胜利"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．A． shame表示"羞愧"；B． burden 表示"负担"； D． favor表示"支持"．
17．B．考查名词辨析．根据My boys beat the best team in Georgia可知这对作者来说是一件令人激动的事，所以答案是B． thrills 表示"令人激动的事"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．A． chances 表示"机会"； C． concerns 表示"关心"； D． offers表示"主动提出的帮助"．
18．D．考查名词辨析．根据上文可知本句表示作者意识到领导者的态度对队员有影响，所以用D． affect表示"影响"．
19．A．考查动词辨析．根据上文Most important， I began to treat them like （11）C．可知作者把队员当做胜利者来对待，所以本句用A． encouraged和pushed并列．表示"鼓励"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．B． observed表示"观察"；C． protected表示"保护"；D． impressed表示"留下印象"．
20．D．考查副词辨析．根据上文在队员失败的情况下，作者却把他们当初胜利者来对待，所以本句表示"让他们从不一样的角度看自己"，所以答案是D． differently表示"不同的"．其他选项的含义与句意不符．A． honestly表示"诚实的"；B． individually 表示"个人的"；C． calmly 表示"镇静的"．
【点评】考查完形填空
巧解完形填空题，考生必须进行通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合所学词法、句法和常识进行分析判断．为帮助考生能更好地解答完形填空题，在这里介绍几种解题技巧．
　　1． 复现解题法：这类题多为同义词、近义词和反义词的复现或同义词、近义词和反义词异形复现的形式．这种测试手法主要是考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能力．
　　2． 语法结构法： 这类题需要考生有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句式的结构上辨别出须填相关的关联词、连词、副词、形容词或相应的动词，当然还要考虑到主谓一致的关系等语法知识要点．
　　3． 语境信息解题法：这类题主要是通过短文中上下语境所透露的信息进行解题，首先要正确理解所给信息，在进行合理分析和推断，这种语境信息一定要遵循逻辑概念，符合运动规律，时态的交替，以及特殊场合下的应急合理判断．
　　4． 固定搭配解题法：这类题与语法结构题有点类似，但主要惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等．
　　5． 逻辑语气解题法：这类题主要是通过分了解全文的人物、时间、地点等信息之后，再分析句子与句子之间的关系，段落与段落之间的关系来解题．这种逻辑语气主要包含并列、递进、因果、转折和委婉语气等等．这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语．
　
第二部分：阅读理解（每小题2.5分，满分50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
17．（12.50分）
A
Fire Prevention Information
The University of Adelaide employs a full﹣time staff of fire prevention professionals． They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler（喷水灭火装置） systems，fire alarms，and fire extinguishers（灭火器）． They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls． Whenever you move to a new area， you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room．
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes． Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors， smoke detectors and sprinklers． For your safety，never tamper with（胡乱摆弄） these systems． False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment．
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester． During a fire drill，please do the following：
•Take your room key and ID，close and lock the door to your room．
•Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit；do not use a lift．
•Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions．
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment． Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so． Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property． Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines．
Smoke Detectors
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room． Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings． Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector：
•If your smoke detector is working properly， the red light should be on． If the red light is not blinking（闪动）， contact residence hall staff immediately．
•Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way．
•If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke， inform your hall staff．

（1）What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals？　C　
A． To provide part﹣time jobs for students．
B． To lead the students to the nearest exits．
C． To check and maintain fire prevention equipment．
D． To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals．
（2）What do the automatic fire alarm systems include？　B　
A． Pipes and smoke detectors．
B． Smoke detectors and sprinklers．
C． Fire alarm pull stations and pipes．
D． Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations．
（3）In a fire drill， the students should　C　．
A． rush quickly to a lift
B． gather at the nearest exit
C． shut the door and leave at once
D． wait for instructions in the hall
（4）What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers？　A　
A． Using them wrongly results in punishment．
B． Irresponsible use of them can damage them．
C． Improper use of them can destroy the apartment．
D． Using them without a trainer present is forbidden．
（5）To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector， one should　D　．
A． contact the hall staff regularly
B． cover the things that burn easily
C． start the smoke detector in a fire
D． make certain the red light is working
【分析】本文是一篇关于防火信息的说明文．阿得雷德大学聘用全职的消防人员，他们检查所有的校园建筑，测试和维护所有的洒水系统，火灾警报和灭火器，他们还提供消防安全教育项目．
【解答】1． C． 细节理解题．根据文中第一段的"They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler（喷水灭火装置） systems，fire alarms，and fire extinguishers（灭火器）"可知检查和维护消防设备是消防专业人员的主要职责，故选C．
2． B． 细节理解题．根据文中Fire Alarms部分的"Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors， smoke detectors and sprinklers．"可知火灾自动报警系统包括热探测器、烟雾探测器和洒水器，故选B．
3． C． 细节理解题．根据文中Fire Drills部分的"Take your room key and ID，close and lock the door to your room"可知在消防演习中，学生应拿好房间钥匙和身份证，立即关上门离开，故选C．根据"Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit；do not use a lift"可知A和B不正确；根据"Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions"可知D不正确．
4． A．细节理解题．根据文中Fire Extinguishers部分的"Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines"可知误用灭火器会导致罚款，故选A．根据"Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property．"可知B和C不正确．根据"Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so．"可知D不正确．
5． D．细节理解题．根据文中Smoke Detector部分的"If your smoke detector is working properly， the red light should be on． If the red light is not blinking（闪动）， contact residence hall staff immediately．"可知为了保证烟雾探测器的安全运行，必须确保红灯工作，故选D．
【点评】本文浅显易懂，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据．只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读．文章所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同．
　
18．（12.50分）
B
When I was 17， I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay， once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay． She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death． On a sunny Saturday， Sally and I drove over to the museum． She asked， "Do you have the address？ ""No， but I'll recognize it， there was a picture in the magazine．
"Oh， stop． There it is！"
The museum was free． We entered， excited． A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us．
"May I help you？" a man asked． "No， "I said． "we're fine．" Tour guides got on my nerves． What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in？ Sally had gone upstairs． The people in the hall seemed very nosy（爱窥探的）， keeping their eyes on me with curiosity． What was their problem？ I saw some nice sculptures in one room． Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me． "Where do you think you are？" he asked． I turned sharply． "The McNay Art Museum！" He smiled， shaking his head． "Sorry， the McNay is on New Braunfels Street． ""what's this place？" I asked， still confused． "Well， it' s our home．"My heart jolted（震颤），I raced to the staircase and called out，" Sally! Come down immediately!
"There' s some really good stuff（艺术作品） up there．" She stepped down， looking confused． I pushed her toward the front door， waving at the family， saying， "Sorry， please forgive us， you have a really nice place． "Outside， when I told Sally what happened， she covered her mouth， laughing． She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything．
The real McNay was splendid， but we felt nervous the whole time we were there． Van Gogh， Picasso． This time， we stayed together， in case anything else unusual happened．
Thirty years later， a woman approached me in a public place． "Excuse me， did you ever enter a residence， long ago， thinking it was the McNay Museum？"
"Yes． But how do you know？ We never told anyone．"
"That was my home． I was a teenager sitting in the hall． Before you came over， I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in． I never felt lucky before． You thought it was a museum． My feelings about my home changed after that． I've always wanted to thank you．"

（1）What do we know about Marian McNay？　A　
A． She was a painter．
B． She was a community leader．
C． She was a museum director．
D． She was a journalist．
（2）Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house？　D　
A． She disliked people who were nosy．
B． She felt nervous when talking to strangers．
C． She knew more about art than the man．
D． She mistook him for a tour guide．
（3）How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall？　A　
A． Puzzled．
B． Concerned．
C． Frightened．
D． Delighted．
（4）Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words？　D　
A． The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her．
B． She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum．
C． The McNay was disappointing compared with the house．
D． The event happening in the house was more significant．
（5）What could we learn from the last paragraph？　C　
A． People should have good taste to enjoy life．
B． People should spend more time with their family．
C． People tend to be blind to the beauty around them．
D． People tend to educate teenagers at a museum．
【分析】本文主要讲述作者和萨利驱车去参观麦克内伊博物馆的故事．由于博物馆是免费的，她们进去时，大厅里的人们停止了谈话，盯着他们．她们看了很长时间，最后才知道这是一个私人的民宅．
【解答】1． A．细节理解题．根据第一段When I was 17， I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay， once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay（当我十七岁时，我读到一篇关于麦克内伊博物馆的杂志文章，以前是一位名叫玛丽麦克内伊水彩画家的家）可知，A项正确．
2． D．细节理解题．根据第四段What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in（如果他们对一幅你不感兴趣的画谈论很长时间你会怎么办呢）可知，D项正确．
3． A．细节理解题．根据第四段The people in the hall seemed very nosy， keeping their eyes on me with curiosity． What was their problem（大厅里的人们看来爱窥探，他们的眼睛好奇地看着我．他们的问题是什么）可知，A项正确．
4． D．推理判断题．根据第五段"There' s some really good stuff up there．" She stepped down（她退出来说："那里确实有一些好艺术作品"）及She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything（她不敢相信他们什么也没说让我们四处看了那么长时间）可知，D项正确．根据第六段排除A、B、C项．
5． C．推理判断题．根据段中Before you came over， I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in． I never felt lucky before（在你们从远处来之前，我从来没有意识到我住在一个多么美丽的地方．我以前从来没有感到幸运）可知，C项正确．
【点评】考查故事类阅读理解．这类题材是高考常考的内容，主要考查考生对文章整体内容的把握以及细节的理解，做题时要结合题干及上下文做出合理推理确定答案．
　
19．（12.50分）
C
There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus： food． Recent development has made possible machines that print， cook， and serve foods on a mass scale． And the industry isn't stopping there．
Food production
With a 3D printer， a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake． Not everybody can do that﹣it takes years of experience， but a printer makes it easy． A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to "re﹣create forms and pieces" of food that are "exactly the same，" freeing cooks to complete other tasks． In another restaurant， all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D﹣printed， rather than farm to table．
Sustainability（可持续性）
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050， and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels． Sustainability is becoming a necessity． 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution． Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids（水解胶体）from plentiful renewables like algae（藻类） and grass to replace the familiar ingredients（烹饪原料）． 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions． Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end， freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements．
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier． Hod Lipson， a professor at Columbia University， said， "Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content， like vitamins． So instead of eating a piece of yesterday 's bread from the supermarket， you'd eat something baked just for you on demand．"
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome． Currently， most ingredients must be changed to a paste（糊状物）before a printer can use them， and the printing process is quite time﹣consuming， because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways． On top of that， most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad． Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers， believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high﹣end restaurants．

（1）What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？　B　
A． It helps cooks to create new dishes．
B． It saves time and effort in cooking．
C． It improves the cooking conditions．
D． It contributes to restaurant decorations．
（2）What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3？　D　
A． It solves food shortages easily．
B． It quickens the transportation of food．
C． It needs no space for the storage of food．
D． It uses renewable materials as sources of food．
（3）According to Paragraph 4，3D﹣printed food　B　．
A． is more available to consumers
B． can meet individual nutritional needs
C． is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D， can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
（4）What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely？　C　
A． The printing process is complicated．
B． 3D food printers are too expensive．
C． Food materials have to be dry．
D． Some experts doubt 3D food printing．
（5）What could be the best title of the passage？　A　
A． 3D Food Printing： Delicious New Technology
B． A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing
C． The Challenges for 3D Food Production
D． 3D Food Printing： From Farm to Table
【分析】本文主要介绍食物打印机的利弊．好处是：它节省时间和精力，能根据顾客的喜好打印出食物的形状和营养成份，减少燃料的使用，可利用可再生资源；缺点是：目前的食物都是糊状物，这样很耗时，而大多数3D食物打印机现在被限制在干燥的烹饪原料．
【解答】1． B．细节理解题．根据第二段Not everybody can do that﹣it takes years of experience， but a printer makes it easy（并不是每个人都能那样做﹣﹣它需要多年的经验，但一台打印机使这很容易）可知，B项正确．
2．D．细节理解题．根据第三段 Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids（水解胶体）from plentiful renewables like algae（藻类） and grass to replace the familiar ingredients（一些专家相信打印机能从丰富的可再生的原料像藻类和草类中使用水解胶体来代替熟悉的烹饪原料）可知，D项正确．
3．B．细节理解题．根据段中Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content， like vitamins（食物打印机能允许顾客打印定制的营养内容，像维生素类的食物）可知，B项正确．
4．C．细节理解题．根据最后一段 On top of that， most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad（更严重的是，大多数3D食物打印机现在被限制在干燥的烹饪原料，因为肉和牛奶可能容易变坏）可知，C项正确．
5．A．主旨大意题．本文主要介绍食物打印机，它能为我们制作出美味的食物．故选A项．
【点评】考查科教类阅读理解．这类题材是高考常考的内容，主要考查考生对文章整体内容的把握以及细节的理解，做题时要结合题干及上下文做出合理推理确定答案．
　
20．（12.50分）
D
Give yourself a test． Which way is the wind blowing？ How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door？ If your awareness is as sharp as it could be， you'll have no trouble answering these questions．
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults． A child's day is filled with fascination， newness and wonder． Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness． But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear， we are numb （麻木的） to new stimulation（刺激）， new ideas． Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple， although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits．
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs． This blocks awareness． One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students， I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream． The students began complaining about how cold it would be． We reached the stream， and they unwillingly walked ahead． They were almost knee﹣deep when they realized it was a hot spring． Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first．
Another block to awareness is the obsession （痴迷） many of us have with naming things． I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird， immediately looked it up in field guides，and said， a "ruby﹣crowned kinglet" and checked it off． They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing．
The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness． I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp﹣ground with just enough time to get there before dark． It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit， to take a moment to see what's around them． I asked them what they'd seen． "Oh， a few birds， "they said． They seemed bent on their destinations．
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait． Next time you take a walk， no matter where it is， take in all the sights， sounds and sensations． Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life．

（1）According to Paragraph 2， compared with adults， children are more　D　．
A． anxious to do wonders
B． sensitive to others' feelings
C． likely to develop unpleasant habits
D． eager to explore the world around them
（2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3？　A　
A． To avoid jumping to conclusions．
B． To stop complaining all the time．
C． To follow the teacher's advice．
D． To admit mistakes honestly．
（3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they　C　．
A． are very patient in their observation
B． are really fascinated by nature
C． care only about the names of birds
D． question the accuracy of the field guides
（4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey？　B　
A． The natural beauty isn't attractive to them．
B． They focus on arriving at the camp in time．
C． The forest in the dark is dangerous for them．
D． They are keen to see rare birds at the destination．
（5）In the passage， the author intends to tell us we should　A　．
A． fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B． get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C． open our mind to new things and ideas
D． try our best to protect nature
【分析】本文属于人生感悟类阅读，作者希望我们能够运用我们的感官和情感去全方位感受自然的美妙，去感受世界的美好．
【解答】1． D．细节理解题．根据文章第二段第三句 Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness 和第四句 But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear， we are numb（麻木的） to new stimulation（刺激）， new ideas 可知，与成人相比，孩子们对世界更具有好奇心，更乐于去探索世界．故正确答案为D．
2． A．推理判断题．根据文章第三段第一句 The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs 可知，作者认为在事情发生前不要进行推测．与A项"避免直接得出结论"意思相近．故正确答案为A．
3． C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段最后两句 I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird， immediately looked it up in field guides， and said， a "ruby﹣crowned kinglet" and checked it off． They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing 可知，这些观鸟者只是匆匆记下这些鸟的名字，而没有观察它们在做什么．故正确答案为C．
4． B．细节理解题．根据文章第五段最后一句 They seemed bent on their destinations 可知，这些登山客关心的只是到达目的地，即他们的营地．故正确答案为B．
5． A．主旨大意题．根据文章最后一段前两句 Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait． Next time you take a walk， no matter where it is， take in all the sights， sounds and sensations 可知，作者希望我们能够运用我们的感官和情感去全方位感受自然的美妙，去感受世界．故正确答案为A．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
　
第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（满分10分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题．
21．（10.00分）Some people live to climb the highest mountains． Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all． But one thing is certain， all people encounter mountains in their life．
When I was a little girl， my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain． One day after school， while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain， I almost fell on a set of stairs． What could these steps lead to？ Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon． I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps．
I climbed and climbed． There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps． I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark． If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back． My mum would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon． So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared．
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain． Could there be a castle up there？ Maybe I would find a monster（怪物）．Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home． Or， maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost． I could hardly wait to try this adventure again．
Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" attitudes． We all fall down． We all have doubts and regrets． Still we must climb and dream about what's at the top of our mountain． Monsters may appear or the night will fall． But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you， "You can't．" Dream big and climb high！

（1）What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top？（no more than 5 words）　Curiosity made her do so．　
（2）Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain？ Give two reasons．（no more than 15 words）　Because she was scared，and might not be able to find her/the way back home．　
（3）How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4？（no more than 10 words）
　She was a brave and determined girl with rich imagination．　
（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？（no more than 5 words）　We all sometimes fail．　
（5）What's your attitude towards the"mountain"in your life？Please explain．（no more than 20 words）　I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life．　
【分析】文章介绍作者小时候攀登山顶的故事，给作者启示：虽然我们有时会失败，但是只要坚持，就会达到目标．
【解答】（1）Curiosity made her do so．
Or：The desire to explore．
细节理解题．根据文章第二段的句子 Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon． I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps．可知好奇心使作者开始爬上阶梯登上山顶．
（2）Because it was getting dark， and she didn't want her mother to worry about her．
Or：Because she was scared，and might not be able to find her/the way back home．
细节理解题．根据第三段的句子 I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark． If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back． My mum would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon．可知，作者没有爬上山顶，因为天黑了，害怕找不到回来的路．
（3）She had rich imagination and she was brave．
Or： She was a brave and determined girl with rich imagination．
Or： She was imaginative and determined，and she dared to explore．
Or： She was imaginative，adventurous and determined．
推理判断题．根据第四段的句子Could there be a castle up there？ Maybe I would find a monster（怪物）．Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home． Or， maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost． I could hardly wait to try this adventure again．可知，作者很勇敢，而且富有想象力．
（4）We all sometimes fail．
Or： We face failure/ defeat hardships/challenges in life．
Or： There are difficulties/ barriers /obstacles in life．
Or：We run into trouble sometimes．
Or： We have trouble in life．
句意理解题．根据划线句子后面的内容We all have doubts and regrets．可知，这句话的意思是我们有时都会失败．
（5）I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life．
Or： I will try to reach/get to the top of the"mountain"because I want to be successful in life．
这题是开放题，结合文章的启示，主要从努力达到目标方面作答，例如：I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life．我要努力达到目标，因为我想过令人兴奋的生活．
【点评】作阅读表达类题目的时候，先浏览阅读理解题目，将问题按归纳概括题、具体细节题、词语释义题、推理判断题等题型分门别类，以便熟悉文章所要考查的信息点和知识点．这样，由于带着问题去阅读，阅读时就重点突出、速度加快、准确率高．解答的时候需要根据要求的数字写，超出数字范围是不符合要求的．
　
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
22．（25.00分）假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖．你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛．请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件．
（1）比赛的时间、地点；
（2）邀请他的原因；
（3）训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议．
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．
参考词汇：
世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition
Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you．　The World Adolescent Robotics Competition is to be held in Tianjin in the end of July． Knowing you used to win the prize in the robotics competition， I am going to invite you to our team to take part in the competition．【高分句型一】Not only isita good opportunity to test our abilities，we can also make a lot of friends who share common interests with us..【高分句型二】I think you are bound to join us．（介绍比赛的时间、地点以及邀请他的原因；）
In addition， the training plan will be sent to your mailbox． Please tell me your suggestions about it．（训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议）　
I'm looking forward to your reply．
Yours，
Li Jin
【分析】这是一封邀请信．根据题目要求可知用第一人称，时态以一般现在时态和一般将来时态为主．
高分句型
1．Knowing you used to win the prize in the robotics competition， I am going to invite you to our team to take part in the competition．句子里现在分词Knowing you used to win the prize in the robotics competition做原因状语．
知道你过去在机器人竞赛中获奖，我将邀请你参加我们的比赛．
2．Not only is it a good opportunity to test our abilities， we can also make a lot of friends who share common interests with us..句子里Not only 位于句首，句子 is it a good opportunity to test our abilities用了部分倒装．代指先行词a lot of friends ，who引导定语从句 share common interests with us．
这不仅是一个考验我们能力的好机会，我们也可以结交很多与我们有共同利益的朋友．我想你一定会加入我们的行列．
【解答】Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you．The World Adolescent Robotics Competition is to be held in Tianjin in the end of July． Knowing you used to win the prize in the robotics competition， I am going to invite you to our team to take part in the competition．【高分句型一】Not only is it a good opportunity to test our abilities， we can also make a lot of friends who share common interests with us..【高分句型二】I think you are bound to join us．（介绍比赛的时间、地点以及邀请他的原因；）
In addition， the training plan will be sent to your mailbox． Please tell me your suggestions about it．（训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议）
I'm looking forward to your reply．（期盼回复）
Yours，
Li Jin
【点评】考查提纲类作文
虽然书信的开头结尾都已给出，考生不必担心书信的格式问题，但是要写好此文，需注意三点：一是要详略得当，如自我介绍部分，考生最有话可说，但切忌长篇大论，只需作简要的介绍即可；二是切忌一对一的翻译，要适当地增加细节，要详略得当，恰当地使用连接过渡词，以使行文连贯．三是要字斟句酌，增加高级词汇和复杂句式的应用，提升作文的档次．