精品解析：河南省洛阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期期中英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：河南省洛阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期期中英语试题（解析版），共22页。

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man want the wman t d?
A. Draw a picture. B. Take a pht. C. Buy a camera.
2. When are the speakers chatting mst prbably?
A. In the afternn. B. In the mrning. C. At night.
3 Hw much des the dress cst?
A. $ 10. B. $45. C. $50.
4. Where will the man stay?
A. In Ls Angeles. B. In Chicag. C. In Hustn.
5. Hw des the wman usually eat?
A. She ften eats junk fd. B. Her mm cks fr her. C. She never eats dinner.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the mst prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Wife and husband. C. Bss and secretary.
7. Where are the speakers ging?
A. T a restaurant. B. T a bkstre. C. T their kitchen.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did the wman d last night?
A. She cared fr her mm. B. She went t a cncert. C. She went t night schl.
9. Why did the man call?
A. T buy a ticket.
B. T get t knw Miss Lee.
C. T ask abut the hmewrk.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man begin t exercise?
A. At 2:00. B. At 2:20. C. At 2:30.
11 Hw far is the gym?
A. One mile away. B. A 10-minute walk. C. A 15-minute ride.
12. What are the speakers ging t d in the afternn?
A. G t the gym. B. Take an exam. C. G t a mvie.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Wh plays the pian nw?
A. The wman. B. The wman’s daughter. C. The wman’s mther.
14. Hw ften did the wman play the pian?
A. Twice a day. B. Five times a week. C. Almst every day.
15. What’s the wman?
A. A writer. B. A singer. C. A pianist.
16. What’s the bk that the wman mentined abut?
A. A girl wh wants t be an astrnaut.
B. A wman dreaming f being a writer.
C. A wman wh likes playing the pian.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the speaker and Lily becme friends?
A. Tw years ag. B. Five years ag. C. Ten years ag.
18. What des Lily like?
A. Singing. B. Ding sprts. C. Drawing.
19. What’s Maria’s favurite sprt?
A. Basketball. B. Ping-png. C. Ftball.
20. Hw ld is Lisa?
A. Twelve. B. Thirteen. C. Furteen.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Each cuntry and culture has its wn set f public hlidays and festivals. While sme f these hlidays and festivals like Christmas and New Year are cmmn acrss the wrld, there are many mre hlidays that are unknwn utside f natinal brders.
1. Blessed Rainy Day
Life in a cuntry where it rains a lt can be hard. In Bhutan, Blessed Rainy Day is the hliday marking the end f the mnsn seasn(雨季). On this day, everyne is encuraged t enjy a bath ut f the huse t wash away bad luck.
2. Meln Day
Turkmenistan’s Meln Day is a celebratin f their natinal fruit. It takes place n the secnd Sunday in August. Thusands f muth-watering melns are given away in the heat f the Turkmen capital Ashgabat n Sunday t celebrate Meln Day.
3. “Punch Yur Neighbr” Festival
The cities f Ptsi and Macha in Blivia hld the festival in the Blivian Andes Muntains in May every year. It’s celebrated by thusands f peple and it’s based n the Quechua wrd “Tinku” that means “meeting”. The meaning f the wrd has becme wrse as it nw is celebrated with beatings that can actually really hurt peple.
4. Haxey Hd
The Haxey Hd game in England has a big grup f peple trying t push a small leather tube (管子) twards ne f the fur pubs (酒馆) in twn, where it will stay until the fllwing year’s game. Once a persn has the tube, he cannt run with it r thrw it. He has t pass it n t peple n his team. The game usually lasts a few hurs.
1. Hw d peple celebrate Blessed Rainy Day mst prbably?
A. By puring water n thers.B. By belssing rainy days indrs.
C. By getting wet in the rain.D. By taking a bath in the bathrm.
2. Where wuld yu g if yu want t get free fruit?
A. T Bhutan.B. T Turkmenistan.C. T Blivia.D. T England.
3. What shuld peple d in Haxey Hd?
A. Run with a team.B. Push each ther frward.
C. Try t win a drink at a pub.D. Pass a tube twards a pub.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了4个有趣的节日。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据1. Blessed Rainy Day部分的“Life in a cuntry where it rains a lt can be hard. In Bhutan, Blessed Rainy Day is the hliday marking the end f the mnsn seasn(雨季).On this day, everyne is encuraged t enjy a bath ut f the huse t wash away bad luck.(在一个经常下雨的国家生活可能会很艰难。在不丹，祈雨日是标志着季风季节结束的节日，在这一天，每个人都被鼓励在房子外面沐浴，以洗去厄运)”可知，在Blessed Rainy Day这天人们会让雨把自己淋湿，以洗去厄运。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据2. Meln Day部分“Turkmenistan’s Meln Day is a celebratin f their natinal fruit. It takes place n the secnd Sunday in August. Thusands f muth-watering melns are given away in the heat f the Turkmen capital Ashgabat n Sunday t celebrate Meln Day.(土库曼斯坦的Meln Day是庆祝他们国家水果的节日。它在八月的第二个星期日举行。周日，在土库曼首都阿什哈巴德炎热的天气里，数千个令人垂涎的西瓜被分发，以庆祝 Meln Day)”可知，如果想得到免费的水果可以去土库曼斯坦。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据4. Haxey Hd部分的“The Haxey Hd game in England has a big grup f peple trying t push a small leather tube (管子) twards ne f the fur pubs (酒馆) in twn, where it will stay until the fllwing year’s game. (在英格兰的Haxey Hd比赛中，一大群人试图把一个小皮管推到镇上四家酒吧中的一家，直到下一年的比赛)”可知，在Haxey Hd节上人们把一根皮管子推到一家酒吧里。故选D。
B
Many f my friends meet n Wednesday in the mrning t g t a specific parking lt sale held at a secnd-hand stre. We lve it because we can put whatever fits int the grcery bag fr just $1.
As we finished ne day and paid ur dllars, we nticed the clthing that remained was being thrwn int their trash (垃圾) can. We asked why, and they said they had n rm fr the extra clthes. I asked them why they have nt cntacted ther places like churches, shelters fr wmen and children. They said they did several times in the past and they nly came tw r three times and stpped as they had t be there at a specific time in the mrning which was right after the parking lt sale. After cming a few times, mst f these rganizatins quit.
Well, we said that we culd take whatever was left. They agreed! S we laded ur tw cars up t the radside and dragged it t ur city. We have dne this every Wed nw fr tw years! We pened up a clthing clset called Gifts Of Grace when a strage facility dnated tw units t us. We were hlding yard sales and markets until then fr anyne wh needed clthing.
Nw we have a real building and advertise free clthing fr anyne wh has the need. We have served hundreds f families in the tugh ecnmy (经济) s far with the clthing they were just ging t thrw away. Nw ur cmmunity is better because f it. Their lives are made a bit easier t have this pprtunity t find nice clthing fr nt ne single penny.
We vlunteer and run it abut tw r three days a week.
4. Why did the rganizatins quit accrding t the wrkers at the stre?
A. They didn’t arrive n time.B. They didn’t need the clthes.
C. They didn’t have extra space.D. They didn’t have a suitable time.
5. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the third paragraph refer t?
A. The authr’s car.B. The remaining clthing.
C. The specific parking lt.D. The authr’s grcery bag.
6. Hw des the authr feel abut what he has dne?
A. Frtunate.B. Prud.C. Inspired.D. Surprised.
7. Which f the fllwing may the authr agree with?
A. When yu help thers, yu als help yurself.
B. A friend indeed is knwn by sharing his wealth.
C. One persn’s trash is anther persn’s treasure.
D. It is everyne’s respnsibility t make use f waste.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和朋友们把其他人打算扔掉的衣服送给那些有需要的人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“They said they did several times in the past and they nly came tw r three times and stpped as they had t be there at a specific time in the mrning which was right after the parking lt sale. After cming a few times, mst f these rganizatins quit.(他们说他们以前来过几次，只来过两三次就停了下来，因为他们必须在早上的特定时间到达那里，也就是停车场销售之后。在来了几次之后，这些组织中的大多数都退出了)”可知，组织退出是因为时间不合适。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“As we finished ne day and paid ur dllars, we nticed the clthing that remained was being thrwn int their trash (垃圾) can. We asked why, and they said they had n rm fr the extra clthes.(有一天，当我们买好东西并付完钱时，我们注意到剩下的衣服被扔进了他们的垃圾桶。我们问为什么，他们说没有地方放多余的衣服)”和第三段的“Well, we said that we culd take whatever was left. They agreed! S we laded ur tw cars up t the radside and dragged it t ur city. (好吧，我们说过我们可以拿走剩下的任何东西。他们同意了！于是我们把两辆车停在路边装车，把它拖到我们的城市)”可知，作者和朋友打算拿走剩下的衣服。因此it指代“剩下的衣服”，即他们把剩下的衣服拖到自己所在的城市。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Nw we have a real building and advertise free clthing fr anyne wh has the need. We have served hundreds f families in the tugh ecnmy (经济) s far with the clthing they were just ging t thrw away. Nw ur cmmunity is better because f it. Their lives are made a bit easier t have this pprtunity t find nice clthing fr nt ne single penny.(现在我们有了真正的建筑，并为任何有需要的人宣传免费的衣服。到目前为止，我们已经为数百个经济困难的家庭提供了人们打算扔掉的衣服。现在我们的社区因为它变得更好了。他们的生活变得更容易了，因为有机会不用花一分钱就能找到好衣服)”可知，因为作者他们的行为，很多家庭的生活不再那么艰难。由此推知，作者对自己所做的感到自豪。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述作者和朋友们把其他人打算扔掉的衣服送给那些有需要的人，结合倒数第二段的“We have served hundreds f families in the tugh ecnmy (经济) s far with the clthing they were just ging t thrw away. Nw ur cmmunity is better because f it. Their lives are made a bit easier t have this pprtunity t find nice clthing fr nt ne single penny.(到目前为止，我们已经为数百个经济困难的家庭提供了人们打算扔掉的衣服。现在我们的社区因为它变得更好了。他们的生活变得更容易了，因为有机会不用花一分钱就能找到好衣服)”推知，作者可能认同“One persn’s trash is anther persn’s treasure.(一个人的垃圾是另一个人的财富)”，即：变废为宝。故选C。
C
An early night can wrk wnders fr kids with new research shwing sleep can reduce Bdy Mass Index (BMI) just as well as exercise.
Australian scientists have discvered that while physical exercise gives great all-rund health and wellbeing, children can achieve the same 7.4 per cent reductin in BMI by either exercising 17 minutes mre a day, sleeping an extra 52 minutes r reducing their sitting time by an extra 56 minutes.
The study, frm the University f Suth Australia, the Murdch Children’s Research Institute and the Natinal Heart Fundatin f Australia, assessed (评估)1,179 children aged 11 and 12.
“Internatinal guidelines suggest that children need 9 t 11 hurs f sleep, 60 minutes f physical exercise and n mre than tw hurs f relaxing screen time per day, yet nly 7 per cent f children can meet these gals,” said lead researcher Dr. Dt Dumuid, frm the University f Suth Australia.
Queensland sleep expert Amanda Bude said sleep had an influence n children’s physical and mental (心理的) health. “Sleep health is nt just abut the physical characteristics (特征) f health but als the mental health and safety f ur teens. Nt getting enugh f sleep can have a bad influence n emtinal develpment and even cause sme mental health prblems. It is s imprtant that parents are able t help their children deal with the ver scheduling f their busy lives and keep healthy as well. As a child enters the teenage years their circadian clck (生物钟) starts t set later and later and finding a balance is imprtant,” she said.
Sunshine Cast mum Cindy Buswell said keeping her fur children active during the day helped them get a gd night’s sleep. “Gd sleep and exercise shuld g hand-in-hand nt ne r the ther,” she said.
Sandringham mum Maxine Thmsn als thught that sleep was imprtant fr her tw daughters. “They have always had pretty gd habits. At 8 p.m. we d reading and wind dwn.” she said.
8. Hw lng d the internatinal guidelines suggest fr children’s screen time?
A. Only ne hur.B. Just tw hurs.
C. Nt mre than ne hur.D. Less than tw hurs.
9. Hw des the authr develp the passage?
A. By giving explanatins.B. By fllwing time rder.
C By asking questins.D. By shwing cause and effect.
10. What des the underlined phrase “wind dwn” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Relax slwly.B. Suddenly stp.
C. Fall asleep.D. Get recvered.
11. What’s a suitable title fr the passage?
A. D the right amunt f sleep and never verd it
B. Sleep is just as gd as exercise t keep kids healthy
C. Sleeping t much can be bad fr yur mental health
D. Health and wellness are dependent n sleep and exercise
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项新的研究发现，充足的睡眠和锻炼一样有助于儿童的身心健康。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Internatinal guidelines suggest that children need 9 t 11 hurs f sleep, 60 minutes f physical exercise and n mre than tw hurs f relaxing screen time per day, yet nly 7 per cent f children can meet these gals(国际指导方针建议，儿童每天需要9到11小时的睡眠，60分钟的体育锻炼，仅2小时的屏幕放松时间，但只有7%的儿童能达到这些目标)”可知，国际指导方针建议儿童的屏幕放松时间只有2小时。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“Sleep health is nt just abut the physical characteristics (特征) f health but als the mental health and safety f ur teens. Nt getting enugh f sleep can have a bad influence n emtinal develpment and even cause sme mental health prblems. (睡眠健康不仅关系到身体健康，还关系到青少年的心理健康和安全。睡眠不足会对情感发展产生不良影响，甚至会导致一些心理健康问题)”可推知，作者通过解释来组织文章。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“They have always had pretty gd habits. At 8 p.m. we d reading and wind dwn.(他们一直都有很好的习惯。晚上8点，我们读书，wind dwn)”可知，孩子们有好的睡眠习惯。因此，晚上8点读书，孩子们可以慢慢放松，为睡觉做好准备。由此猜测，划线短语意为“慢慢放松”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“An early night can wrk wnders fr kids with new research shwing sleep can reduce Bdy Mass Index (BMI) just as well as exercise.(一项新的研究表明，早睡对孩子们来说可以创造奇迹，睡眠可以像锻炼一样降低身体质量指数)”可知，文章主要介绍充足的睡眠和锻炼一样有助于孩子的身心健康。由此可知，B项“Sleep is just as gd as exercise t keep kids healthy(睡眠和锻炼一样有助于孩子的健康)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。
D
Yu have prbably heard the saying, “When life gives yu lemns (柠檬), make lemnade.” Since lemns are cnsidered bitter and lemnade is cnsidered sweet, the saying tells yu t make the best ut f a bad situatin.
Unfrtunately, when smething bad happens, it’s nt uncmmn fr mst peple t talk abut it t anyne wh’ll listen, and cmplain (抱怨) abut life, “Why me?” That’s like getting a bag f lemns, putting them dwn, and thinking “Lemns taste bad! I’d rather have chclate!” If yu dn’t make anything with the lemns, they will g bad. But what if yu did smething with them? What if yu made lemnade? Isn’t it pssible t d smething similar with a bad situatin? Here’s an example: Let’s say yu’re abut t g t the mvies, but yu discver yu have a flat tire (瘪胎). Yu cnsider this a terrible thing. After all, yu are really lking frward t spending sme time with Ryan Gsling and Emma Stne. Nw yu’re all stressed ut, hating the tire, the car, and yur life. But what if yu called AAA, gt yur tire fixed r gt caught up n things that yu’d been meaning t d? What if yu did sme reading, r had cffee with a friend instead? A bad experience can be turned int smething gd. Almst anything can wrk itself ut int smething better. Yu can’t change what has happened, right? S make the best f it. I’m nt saying it will be easy. The easy thing t d is cmplain abut yur bad situatin and nt cnsider what it culd be turned int.
Next time when sme unfrtunate things happen stp and think, “Hw can I turn this arund? Hw can I make it an awesme experience?” Yu needn’t fear difficulties. As lng as yu keep n changing it, yu will see the benefits at last.
12. Why des the authr qute the saying in paragraph 1?
A. T lead in the tpic.B. T raise a questin.
C. T tell the difference.D. T intrduce the speaker.
13. What d mst peple usually d when smething bad happens?
A. Accept it.B. Find ut the reasns.
C. Ask thers fr help.D. Cmplain abut it.
14. Why des the authr use the example f seeing a mvie?
A. T tell us hw t avid awkward situatins.
B. T tell us that a flat tire happens frm time t time.
C. T tell us what we can d when in bad situatins.
D. T tell us meeting film stars is a very exciting experience.
15. Accrding t the authr, what is the best way t deal with a bad situatin?
A. Trying hard t slve it.B. Laughing yur way thrugh it.
C. Turning it int smething gd.D. Thinking mre abut its benefits.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过柠檬、看电影来讲述了当不幸发生时，不要抱怨，改变它，你就会看到好处。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Since lemns are cnsidered bitter and lemnade is cnsidered sweet, the saying tells yu t make the best ut f a bad Situatin.(因为柠檬被认为是苦的，柠檬汁被认为是甜的。所以这句谚语告诉你要在糟糕的情况下做到最好)”并结合下文论述要将糟糕的情况变成积极的体验推知，引用“When life gives yu lemns (柠檬), make lemnade.”是为了引出本文的主题。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Unfrtunately, when smething bad happens, it’s nt uncmmn fr mst peple t talk abut it t anyne wh’ll listen, and cmplain (抱怨) abut life, “Why me?” (不幸的是，当不好的事情发生时，大多数人会向愿意倾听的人抱怨生活，“为什么是我？”)”可知，当不好的事情发生时，大多数人会抱怨。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“But what if yu called AAA, gt yur tire fixed r gt caught up n things that yu’d been meaning t d? What if yu did sme reading, r had cffee with a friend instead? A bad experience can be turned int smething gd. Almst anything can wrk itself ut int smething better. Yu can’t change what has happened, right? S make the best f it. I’m nt saying it will be easy. (但如果你打电话给汽车协会，把轮胎修好，或者忙着做你一直想做的事情呢？如果你读点书，或者和朋友喝杯咖啡呢？糟糕的经历可以转化为美好的经历。糟糕的经历可以转化为美好的经历。几乎任何事情都可以自己变得更好。你无法改变已经发生的事，对吧？所以要充分利用它)”推知，看电影的例子是告诉我们在糟糕的情况下可以做什么。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Since lemns are cnsidered bitter and lemnade is cnsidered sweet, the saying tells yu t make the best ut f a bad Situatin.(因为柠檬被认为是苦的，柠檬汁被认为是甜的，所以这句谚语告诉你要从不好的处境中获得最好的)”，第三段中的“A bad experience can be turned int smething gd. Almst anything can wrk itself ut int smething better..(糟糕的经历可以转化为美好的经历。几乎任何事情都可以自己变得更好)”以及最后一段“Next time when sme unfrtunate things happen stp and think, “Hw can I turn this arund? Hw can I make it an awesme experience?” Yu needn’t fear difficulties. As lng as yu keep n changing it, yu will see the benefits at last.(下次当不幸的事情发生时，停下来想一想:“我怎样才能扭转局面?我怎样才能让它成为一种很棒的体验？”你不必害怕困难。只要你坚持改变，你最终会看到好处的)”推知，作者认为处理糟糕情况的最好方法把它变成积极的体验。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all knw what harmful drinks can cause: besity, heart prblems, stmach pain, skin diseases, calries... This list sunds s scary s I dn’t want t cntinue it. But what if… what if we cmpletely replace all drinks with water. ____16____
Yu lse weight faster.
Yeah, yu d! N special diet is required. Yu replace all drinks with water fr 9 days, and yu’ll lse the equal amunt f calries as when jgging fr 8 kilmeters a day. ____17____ I’m ging t try it ut. Are yu?
Yur brain wrks better.
D yu knw that yur brain is 75% t 85% water—nthing else just water? S by drinking, yu fuel it, which helps yu cncentrate. Drink water t wrk mre efficiently. Cpe with all daily tasks quickly. ____18____ Desn’t this sund like a dream?
Yur heart wrks better.
Yes, it’s a true fact. Five glasses f water a day lwers the risk f a heart attack by 41%! ____19____ S what are yu waiting fr? Have a glass f water t stay healthy.
____20____
Water reduces appetite (食欲), which helps yu lse weight. Als smetimes, we cnfuse hunger with thirst. If yu suddenly want t eat smething high-calrie, maybe all yu need is just a glass f water. Try it ut next time yu feel hungry. It really wrks.
A. Yu eat less.
B. Yu never feel thirsty.
C. Hw can we change ur life?
D. This number is really impressive.
E. What wuld happen with ur bdies then?
F. And yu will stay energized even late in the evening.
G. This seems t be a great way t stay slim withut much effrt.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了喝水的好处：有助于更快减肥，让大脑更好的运转，对心脏有益，减少食欲从而减肥。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We all knw what harmful drinks can cause: besity, heart prblems, stmach pain, skin diseases, calries... This list sunds s scary s I dn’t want t cntinue it. But what if… what if we cmpletely replace all drinks with water. (我们都知道有害饮料会导致什么：肥胖、心脏问题、胃痛、皮肤病、卡路里……这个清单听起来很吓人，所以我不想继续下去了。但如果……如果我们把所有的饮料都换成水呢)”和下文陈述的几个身体变化可知，推知空处提问：我们的身体会发生什么，E项“What wuld happen with ur bdies then? (那么我们的身体会发生什么？)”符合语境，承上启下。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Yu replace all drinks with water fr 9 days, and yu’ll lse the equal amunt f calries as when jgging fr 8 kilmeters a day. (你用水代替所有的饮料9天，你会损失与每天慢跑8公里相同的热量)”可知，连续9天用水代替饮料的效果相当于每天慢跑8公里消耗的热量。由此可知，用水代替饮料是一个减肥的好方法。G项“This seems t be a great way t stay slim withut much effrt. (这似乎是一个不费吹灰之力就能保持苗条身材的好方法)”符合题意。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“S by drinking, yu fuel it, which helps yu cncentrate. Drink water t wrk mre efficiently. Cpe with all daily tasks quickly. (因此，通过喝水，你可以为其提供燃料，这有助于你集中注意力。喝水可以提高工作效率。快速处理所有日常任务)”可知，喝水可以提高工作效率，快速处理日常事物。由此推知，空处依然陈述喝水在给大脑注入精力方面的好处。F项“And yu will stay energized even late in the evening. (即使到了晚上，你也会精力充沛)”符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Yes, it’s a true fact. Five glasses f water a day lwers the risk f a heart attack by 41%! (是的，这是一个真实的事实。每天喝五杯水可以将心脏病发作的风险降低41%!)”可知，每天喝五杯水可以大大降低心脏病发作的风险，41%是一个令人震惊的数字。D项“This number is really impressive. (这个数字真是令人印象深刻)”符合题意，this number指上文的41%。故选D。
【20题详解】
空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Water reduces appetite (食欲), which helps yu lse weight. Als smetimes, we cnfuse hunger with thirst. If yu suddenly want t eat smething high-calrie, maybe all yu need is just a glass f water. Try it ut next time yu feel hungry. It really wrks. (水可以减少食欲，帮助你减肥。有时，我们把饥饿和口渴混为一谈。如果你突然想吃高热量的东西，也许你只需要一杯水。下次你饿的时候试试。它真的很管用)”可知，减少食欲也是喝水的好处。A项“Yu eat less. (你吃得更少)”可以作为本段小标题。故选A。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A daughter was tired f fighting. She thught abut ____21____. It seemed as if ne prblem was just slved befre a new ne ____22____.
Her father tk her t the kitchen. He ____23____ three pts with water and placed each n a fire. He placed carrts, eggs, cffee beans in each f the pts. He let them bil, withut saying a wrd.
The daughter ____24____ waited, asking repeatedly what he was ding. In abut twenty minutes he turned ____25____ the burners. He pulled the carrts and the eggs ut and placed them each in a bwl. Then he spned the cffee ut and placed it in anther. ____26____ her he asked, “Darling, what d yu see?”
“Carrts, eggs, and cffee,” she ____27____. He asked her t feel the carrts. She did s and nted that they were sft. He then asked her t take an egg and break it. After ____28____ ff the shell, she fund the hard-biled egg! Finally, he asked her t taste the cffee. She smiled as she tasted its rich flavr (香味). She ____29____ asked, “What des it mean, Father?”
He explained that each f them had faced the same _____30_____, biling water, but each reacted differently. The carrt had been hard. But after _____31_____ the biling water, it sftened. The egg had been easily _____32_____. But after sitting thrugh the biling water, its _____33_____ became hardened. The cffee beans were different, hwever. After they were in the biling water, they had changed the _____34_____. “Which are yu?” he asked. “When challenge kncks n yur dr, hw d yu _____35_____? Are yu a carrt, an egg, r a cffee bean?”
21. A. making upB. giving upC. keeping upD. signing up
22. A. quitB. failedC. askedD. arse
23. A. filledB. cveredC. cleanedD. washed
24. A. kindlyB. happilyC. impatientlyD. independently
25. A. nB. ffC. upD. dwn
26. A. Fed up withB. Catching up withC. Turning tD. Mved by
27. A. appliedB. describedC. arguedD. replied
28. A. pullingB. lettingC. bitingD. putting
29. A. sharplyB. awkwardlyC. disappintedlyD. humbly
30. A. strengthB. reliefC. challengeD. failure
31. A. drinkingB. feelingC. passingD. suffering
32. A. remvedB. brkenC. biledD. prepared
33. A. sundB. sideC. faceD. inside
34 A. waterB. functinC. pwerD. pt
35. A. respndB. recverC. chseD. calm
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了一个女儿向她的父亲抱怨她的生活。她的父亲在沸水中分别煮了三种东西：胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆。通过和女儿一起观察这三种事物面对沸水的反应，这位父亲告诉女儿一个生活哲理，当面对困境时，自己想充当什么样的角色决定了事情的结果。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她想放弃。A. making up组成，编造；B. giving up放弃；C. keeping up保持，不落后；D. signing up报名。根据上文“A daughter was tired f fighting.”推知，女孩想放弃。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎一个问题刚刚解决，另一个问题又出现了。 A. quit放弃；B. failed失败；C. asked询问，要求；D. arse出现。根据上文“A daughter was tired f fighting. ”可知，此处指问题不断，即一个问题刚解决，另一个问题又出现了。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在三个罐子里装满了水，把每个罐子放在火上。A. filled填满；B. cvered覆盖；C. cleaned清理，打扫；D. washed清洗。根据“with water and placed each n a fire.”可知，父亲把罐子装满水然后放在火上。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：女儿不耐烦地等着，反复问他在做什么。A. kindly友善地；B. happily高兴地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. independently独立地。根据“asking repeatedly what he was ding.”可知，女儿已经不耐烦了。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约二十分钟后，他关掉了火炉。A. (turned) n打开；B. (turned) ff关掉；C. (turned) up调大；D. (turned) dwn关小，拒绝。根据“He pulled the carrts and the eggs ut and placed them each in a bwl.”可知，父亲关掉了炉子，把里面煮的东西拿出来。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他转向她问道:“亲爱的，你看到了什么?”A. Fed up with对……感到厌烦；B. Catching up with追上，赶上；C. Turning t求助于，转向；D. Mved by被……感动。根据“Darling, what d yu see?”可知，父亲转过身问女儿。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回答：“胡萝卜，鸡蛋和咖啡。”A. applied申请，涂抹；B. described描述；C. argued争辩；D. replied回复，回答。根据上文“Darling, what d yu see?”可知，此处是女儿回答父亲的问题。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：剥去蛋壳后，她发现了煮熟的鸡蛋!A. pulling拉；B. letting让；C. biting咬；D. putting放置。根据“she fund the hard-biled egg”可知，女孩把鸡蛋壳剥了，pull ff“脱去”固定短语。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她谦虚地问道：“这是什么意思，父亲？”A. sharply急剧地；B. awkwardly尴尬地；C. disappintedly失望地；D. humbly谦逊地。根据上文“She smiled as she tasted its rich flavr (香味).”可知，女孩谦虚地问父亲。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，他们每个人都面临着同样的挑战，沸水，但每个人的反应不同。A. strength力量；B. relief宽慰，轻松；C. challenge挑战；D. failure失败。结合上文故事可知，父亲把沸水比作生活中的挑战。且下文的“When challenge kncks n yur dr”也是提示。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在经历了沸水之后，它变软了。A. drinking喝；B. feeling感觉；C. passing通过；D. suffering遭受，经历。根据上文“He placed carrts, eggs, cffee beans in each f the pts. He let them bil, withut saying a wrd.”可知，此处是指胡萝卜在经历沸水之后边软了。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸡蛋之前很容易被打碎。A. remved移除；B. brken打破；C. biled沸腾，煮沸；D. prepared准备。根据上文“The carrt had been hard”和下文“The cffee beans were different”可知，此处指鸡蛋在被煮之前，很容易破。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在沸水中浸泡后，它的内部变得坚硬起来。A. sund声音；B. side边，面；C. face脸，面；D. inside里面，内部。结合常识可知，鸡蛋被煮后，内部会变硬。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：水沸腾之后，它们改变了水。A. water水；B. functin功能；C. pwer力量，权力；D. pt罐子。根据上文“The cffee beans were different, hwever.”并结合常识可知，咖啡豆让水有了咖啡的味道，因此它们改变了水。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你是哪一个？”他问道。“当挑战敲到你的门时，你会如何回应？你是胡萝卜、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆？”A. respnd回应，作出反应；B. recver恢复；C. chse选择；D. calm使……冷静。根据“Are yu a carrt, an egg r a cffee bean?”可知这里意思是当逆境敲门时，你该如何应对。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mst f the Christmas traditins in Greece are ____36____ (slight) different frm the West. Children travel frm huse t huse n Christmas Eve singing carls (颂歌) and ffering their gd wishes. In return, they will receive sweets, cins, small gifts and ther things f appreciatin.
In majr cities and twns f Greece, decratins ____37____ (make) with brilliant lights hung acrss the streets. Shps are decrated with all the usual Christmas ____38____ (decratin). A number f rituals (仪式) are cnnected with the ____39____ (celebrate) f the festival.
During the day, the mther f a family sprinkles (撒) sme hly water in each rm ____40____ (scare) bad spirits away. The bad spirits are suppsed t d bad things like putting ut fires and making milk g ff. Besides, ____41____ time t time priests (牧师) g t the huses sprinkling hly water arund s that bad spirits dare nt t cme any ____42____ (lng).
In mst Greek hmes, an evergreen tree is decrated with a star placed n tp. ____43____ is knwn that the main Christmas meal is rasted lamb and prk alng with salads and vegetables. In additin, peple enjy ____44____ (they) by eating Christmas desserts like Melmakarna, egg-shaped biscuits ____45____ are made frm flur, live il and hney.
【答案】36. slightly
37. are made

38. decratins
39. celebratin
40. t scare
41. frm 42. lnger 43. It
44. themselves
45. which##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些希腊过圣诞节的传统。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：希腊的大多数圣诞节传统与西方略有不同。修饰形容词different应用所给词的副词形式。故填slightly。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在希腊的主要城市和城镇，装饰是用挂在街道上的明亮的灯。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，且主语decratins和make之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填are made。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：商店里装饰着所有常见的圣诞装饰品。decratin“装饰品”是可数名词，被all修饰，应用其复数形式，作宾语。故填decratins。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多仪式与节日庆典有关。根据空前the后空后f可知，空处应填名词构成名词所有格，celebratin“庆祝”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填celebratin。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：这天，一个家庭的母亲会在每个房间洒一些圣水来吓跑恶灵。结合句意可知，撒圣水的目的是吓走恶灵，因此空处应填不定式作目的状语。故填t scare。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：此外，牧师们不时地到房子里洒圣水，这样恶灵就不敢再来了。结合句意表达“不时”用固定搭配，frm time t time。故填frm。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意同上。结合句意表示“不再”用 lnger。故填lnger。
【43题详解】
考查固定句型和代词。句意：众所周知，圣诞大餐主要是烤羊肉和猪肉以及沙拉和蔬菜。分析可知，that引导的句子为主语，因此空处填it作形式主语，it is knwn that...“众所周知……”是固定句型。位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。
【44题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：此外，人们还喜欢吃圣诞甜点，如由面粉、橄榄油和蜂蜜制成的蛋形饼干。结合句意表达“玩的开心”用enjy neself，“他们自己”用themselves。故填themselves。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是biscuits，指物，从句缺少主语，用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
第四部分写作(共三节，满分50分)
第一节汉译英(根据提示词完成句子)(每小题2分;共10分)
46. 他通过努力工作在篮球队谋得一席之地。(earn)(汉译英)
【答案】He earned his place n the basketball team by wrking hard.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和短语。句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；谓语动词“赢得一席之地”用earn ne’s place表达，地点状语“在篮球队”用n the basketball team表达，方式状语“通过努力工作”用by wrking hard表达。综上，故翻译为He earned his place n the basketball team by wrking hard.
47. 我不会让你们失望的。(dwn) (汉译英)
【答案】I wn’t let yu dwn.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句子陈述将来的事情，用一般将来时；“让某人失望”表达为let sb. dwn。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为I wn’t let yu dwn.
48. 我一到老家就被河南话包围了。(mment) (汉译英)
【答案】The mment I gt t my hmetwn, I was surrunded by Henan dialect.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、从句和短语。句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；根据提示，“我一到老家”处理为the mment引导的时间状语从句，谓语动词“到达”可用gt t表达，宾语“我的家乡”可用my hmetwn表达；“被河南话包围了”处理为主句，谓语动词“被……包围”用be surrunded by表达，主语是I，be用was，宾语“河南话”用Henan dialect。综上，故翻译为The mment I gt t my hmetwn, I was surrunded by Henan dialect.
49. 在春节的第一天，孩子们都穿上新衣服。(put) (汉译英)
【答案】On the first day f the Spring Festival, children put n their new clthes.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和短语。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时；“春节”表达为the Spring Festival，在具体某天用介词n，因此“在春节的第一天”表达为n the first day f the Spring Festival，作状语；主语“孩子们”表达为children，用复数形式表泛指，谓语动词“穿上”用put n表达，宾语“他们的新衣服”用their new clthes表达。综上，故翻译为On the first day f the Spring Festival, children put n their new clthes.
50. 我们市出行便利。(cnvenient) (汉译英)
【答案】It’s cnvenient t travel arund in ur city.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词、不定式和it作形式主语。根据句意可知，此处描述的是现在的情况，所以使用一般现在时，根据句意，表示“我们市出行”转述为“在我们市出行”应译为travel arund in ur city，表示“便利”应为cnvenient，分析句意可知，此处应为“it为形式主语，不定式作真正主语”结构，“在我们市出行”应为真正的主语译为t travel arund in ur city置于句尾，it为形式主语，谓语动词为is，表语为cnvenient。故翻译为It’s cnvenient t travel arund in ur city.。
第二节书面表达(满分15分)
51. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰网友Adam来信说想了解你健康的生活方式。请给他写封回信。
注意：词数80左右。
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【答案】Dear Adam,
Knwing frm yur last letter that yu wuld like t knw abut my healthy lifestyle, I am writing t share with yu sme ways f living a healthy life, which lay the fundatin f my gd health.
First f all, we shuld nt nly have a well-balanced diet which cnsists f different kinds f fds but als have three meals regularly. In additin, take a psitive attitude twards things and peple arund us s that we can keep mentally healthy. Furthermre, taking regular exercise, like swimming, jgging, yga, etc, is beneficial t building up a strng bdy.
Hpe my ideas will be f help and wish we bth culd live healthily and happily.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰网友Adam回封信，告知他你的健康生活方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
应该：shuld →be suppsed t
由……构成：cnsist f →be made up f
此外：in additin →what’s mre
健康的：healthy →fit
2.句式拓展
分词作状语变原因状语从句
原句：Knwing frm yur last letter that yu wuld like t knw abut my healthy lifestyle, I am writing t share with yu sme ways f living a healthy life, which lay the fundatin f my gd health.
拓展句：Because I knw frm yur last letter that yu wuld like t knw abut my healthy lifestyle, I am writing t share with yu sme ways f living a healthy life, which lay the fundatin f my gd health.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First f all, we shuld nt nly have a well-balanced diet which cnsists f different kinds f fds but als have three meals regularly.（运用了“nt nly…but als…”连接并列结构以及which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】In additin, take a psitive attitude twards things and peple arund us s that we can keep mentally healthy.（运用了“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构以及s that引导结果状语从句）
第三节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“It’s a waste f time”, I said when my mm tld me I had t jin Madcaps, a mther and daughter’s club helping the pr, and then when she tld me I had t vlunteer at a hmeless shelter (场所) I thught this just culd nt get wrse.
We gt there late and walked t the dirty hmeless shelter, where we saw a lady shuting at the guard. He dealt with her and then led us t the kitchen where we ran int my five fellw Madcaps class f 2017 mthers and daughters. Since I’m usually s scially awkward I had met nly ne persn at the pl party. I lked arund fr my mm but she was nt there. I was alne!
注意：1．续写词数应为150词左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sn the hmeless families started t walk in and a little girl, arund 5 years ld, walked up and pinted t the fd I was handing ut.
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After that mment I had a change f heart and began t lve Madcaps.
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【答案】One pssible versin:
Sn the hmeless families started t walk in and a little girl, arund 5 years ld, walked up and pinted t the fd I was handing ut. I handed her a cld sandwich and she ndded t say thanks. She then waked ver t her parents, wh were seated at a large table. As she walked away, I thught abut hw much I had. I g t ne f the tp schls in San Dieg, I have a great huse by the water, and I have a warm meal every night. Then I thught f hw little she had. She prbably desn’t g t schl, and that is where she sleeps and eats every day. That little girl makes me realize just hw lucky I am.
After that mment, I had a change f heart and began t lve Madcaps. I dn’t miss ne meeting. I have little truble scializing with thers and nw have many friends t play and chat with I believe that if yu have an pen mind abut things, yu can learn a lt abut yurself and the peple in yur cmmunity. Yu can make new friends and realize hw lucky yu are. I believe yu can make a difference just by ding smething that yu dn’t want t d.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者非常不情愿地跟着妈妈去名叫Madcaps的收容所帮助别人的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“很快，无家可归的家庭开始走进来，一个大约5岁的小女孩走了过来，指着我分发的食物。”可知，下文可描写作者递给小女孩食物，以及把自己的情况和小女孩做对比，感到自己非常幸运。
②根据第二段首句“从那一刻起，我改变了主意，开始喜欢上Madcaps。”可知，下文可描写作者经常去 Madcaps帮忙，她的收获以及感悟。
2.续写线索：看到小女孩——给她食物——对比她觉得自己很幸运——经常去 Madcaps帮忙——收获——感悟
3.词类激活
行为类
①递：hand/deliver/give/pass n
②意识到：realize/be aware f
情绪类
①感谢：say thanks/shw appreciatin
②幸运的：lucky/frtunate
【点睛】[高分句型1]She then waked ver t her parents, wh were seated at a large table.（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]As she walked away, I thught abut hw much I had.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]I believe yu can make a difference just by ding smething that yu dn’t want t d.（运用了that引导的定语从句）