新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案4必修第一册Unit3SportsAndFitness

练案[4]　必修第一册　

UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2023·潍坊市学科素养测评)

Winter sports are constantly evolving and new sports activities are regularly being created.This ensures your next holiday in the snow is an unforgettable experience.

Snowbiking

The snowbike—a cross between a bicycle and a ski—guarantees pure fun and a unique skiing experience for snow fans above six.Snowbikes can be used on well-cared-for slopes(斜坡) and riders navigate the slopes with the additional help of short foot skis.And they can be ridden without the rider having previous experience.

Freeriding

There is no other winter sport that gets you closer to nature.Due to the truly unaffected character of the slopes, snow and weather conditions have to be taken into special consideration when you're freeriding.Therefore, it is very important to be accompanied by a professional guide who knows the skiing area inside out and who is able to correctly assess the weather conditions.

Snowshoeing

Snowshoeing is the perfect activity for those who want to explore the untouched winter landscape.The snowshoes distribute the weight of the person carrying them over a larger area so that the feet only sink lightly into the snow.Handling snowshoes is easy and does not require any previous experience：Simply fasten your snowshoes, pick up your sticks and off you go!

Snowtubing

Snowtubing is an activity for winter fans of all ages and involves sliding down a snowtubing slope in a rubber tire.Snowtubing tracks are often located close to a ski lift.This gives people the opportunity to immediately go back up the mountain after the ride.The activity is the perfect and fun end to a day of skiing.

语篇导读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项体育活动——冰雪运动。

1．Which activity is the most demanding for skiers?

_B__

A．Snowbiking.  B．Freeriding.

C．Snowshoeing.  D．Snowtubing.

解析：推理判断题。根据Freeriding部分中的“Therefore, it is very important...the weather conditions.”可知， freeriding需要专业的向导陪同，向导需要对滑雪区域了如指掌并能够正确地评估天气状况，综合比较几个项目可知， freeriding是对滑雪者要求最高的活动，故B项正确。故选B。

2．What do snowbiking and snowshoeing have in common?

_A__

A．They need no skiing experience.

B．They depend on special skis.

C．They are suitable for people of all ages.

D．They take place on slopes with deep snow.

解析：细节理解题。根据Snowbiking部分中的“and they can be ridden without the rider having previous experience.”和Snowshoeing 部分中的“does not require any previous experience”可知，这两项运动的共同之处在于它们都不需要滑雪者有相关的运动经验。故选A。

3．Why are snowtubing tracks usually close to a ski lift？_D__

A．To attract more tourists to get involved.

B．To prevent the rubber tire sliding down.

C．To create a fun ending to a day of skiing.

D．To help skiers get to the starting point easily.

解析：细节理解题。根据Snowtubing部分中的“This gives people the opportunity to immediately go back up the mountain after the ride.”可知， snowtubing赛道之所以接近滑雪升降机是为了方便滑雪者返回起点。故选D。

B

(2023·湖南省长沙市适应性考试)

All human societies play games.Kicking a ball can be found everywhere whether just a ball of cloth, or a skin stuffed_with feathers or air.

But complex games and team sports have tended to arise in big civilizations—the higher the cultural level of a society, the greater the complexity of interaction, and hence perhaps the more complex the forms of sports.

This is not always the case.The ancient Greeks, for example, preferred individual not team sports.But in China for well over 2,000 years, people played the game of “kickball”—cuju.The members were often young men from wealthy families though there were also professional kickballers, whom you could stick with in your team as sleepers.

Cuju was played as entertainment at court banquets or the reception of foreign ambassadors.Even emperors played kickball.

As you'd expect in a Confucian society, kickball clubs were keen on the key qualities of mercy and courtesy.A great player was one who showed“the spirit of the game”．The“Ten Essentials of Kickball”included respect for other players, polite behavior and team spirit.There was to be no ungentlemanly behavior, no dangerous play, and no hogging(独占) the ball.In other words, as we used to say，“Play up and play the game.”

What a contrast with the ancient Greek athletics where only victory counted and if that needed gamesmanship, or cruel professional fouls(犯规), then so be it!

As a way of national culture protection, cuju was listed into the first batch of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2006.

语篇导读：本文主要介绍了中国古代的蹴鞠运动及其特点。

4．What does the underlined phrase“stuffed with”mean in Paragraph 1？_A__

A．Filled with.  B．Decorated with.

C．Surrounded with.  D．Covered with.

解析：词义猜测题。由画线短语所在句“Kicking a ball can be found everywhere whether just a ball of cloth, or a skin stuffed with feathers or air.”可知，此处表示在世界的每一个角落都能看到踢球这一运动，然后提出了几种球的类型。结合常识可知，此处表示用羽毛或空气填充的球，A项与画线短语意思最为接近。故选A。

5．What probably contributes to the complicated games？_D__

A．Teams.  B．Interaction.

C．Society.  D．Civilizations.

解析：细节理解题。结合第二段中的“But complex games and team sports have tended to arise in big civilizations”可知，复杂的游戏和团队运动往往在庞大的文明中出现，由此可知，是文明促进了复杂游戏的诞生。故选D。

6．Who were the major members in a cuju team according to the text？_B__

A．Sleepers.  B．The rich young men.

C．Emperors.  D．The professional athletes.

解析：细节理解题。结合第三段中的“The members were often young men from wealthy families”可知，蹴鞠队的成员通常是来自富裕家庭的年轻男子。故选B。

7．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about？_D__

A．Kickball's popularity.

B．Kickball's development.

C．Kickball's importance.

D．Kickball's characteristics.

解析：主旨大意题。根据第五段内容，特别是“the key qualities of mercy and courtesy，‘the spirit of the game’，‘Ten Essentials of Kickball’”等关键信息可知，本段重点讲述了在古代蹴鞠运动的特点。故选D。

Ⅱ.七选五

As we all know, in daily life, many people want to get in shape.If you happen to be one of them, where will you get started?

Diet comes first. 1.G　 Health experts have long noted the importance of physical activities.

 2.D　 Physical activity burns calories—the more calories you consume, the easier it is to control or lose your weight.Besides, it helps to reduce the risk of some diseases, including heart disease, stroke and even some kinds of cancer.

Physical activity is also known to increase the release of endorphins, which help people to reduce pain and feel more happy and peaceful as well. 3.F　 Some experts believe it's the act of exercising itself.Others say it's the feeling one gets from having met an exercise goal.Either way, the two things work together when it comes to improving one's emotional health.

So exactly how much exercise do you need to do to gain all of these great health effects? Different people, different ideas.Experts say it is easier than you think—one activity is better than none. 4.E　

To get the most from your exercise plan, you are advised to choose physical activities that you find fun. 5.A　 What you really like, sometimes, outweighs what is popular among the public.

A．It helps to guarantee that you can stay with the program.

B．Keeping a balanced diet contributes a lot to your health.

C．You can release some bad emotions by physical activities.

D．Exercise is a good way for you to maintain physical health.

E．So, if you are not doing anything, now is the time to get started.

F．There is some debate about exactly what causes the release of them.

G．However, diet alone won't do much good without an exercise plan.

语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。在日常生活中，很多人都想保持身材，文章主要就如何开始体育锻炼提出了一些建议。

解析：

1．根据上文“Diet comes first.”以及后文“Health experts have long noted the importance of physical activities.”可知，上文提到饮食排第一位，后文则提到专家注意到了体育活动的重要性，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明没有锻炼仅靠饮食是不行的，G选项中diet对应上文中diet。因此G选项符合语境。故选G。

2．根据后文“Physical activity burns calories—the more calories you consume, the easier it is to control or lose your weight.Besides, it helps to reduce the risk of some diseases, including heart disease, stroke and even some kinds of cancer.”可知，后文主要提到了体育活动可以控制体重或减肥、减少一些疾病风险等好处，这些都是运动对保持身体健康的好处，因此D选项符合语境。故选D。

3．根据上文“Physical activity is also known to increase the release of endorphins, which help people to reduce pain and feel more happy and peaceful as well.”可知，上文提到了，体育活动能增加内啡肽的释放，故本句应承接上文说明内啡肽的释放的原因，F选项中the release of them对应上文中“the release of endorphins。”因此F选项符合语境。故选F。

4．根据上文“So exactly how much exercise do you need to do to gain all of these great health effects? Different people, different ideas.Experts say it is easier than you think—one activity is better than none.”可知，上文提到了专家的话“有一项活动总比没有好”，故本句承接上文，说明如果没有从事任何体育运动，那么最好现在开始。因此E选项符合语境。故选E。

5．根据上文“To get the most from your exercise plan, you are advised to choose physical activities that you find fun.”可知，上文提到建议选择自己感兴趣的体育活动，故本句承接上文解释说明这一做法的原因：这有助于保证你能继续参加这个项目。A选项中the program指代上文“physical activities that you find fun。”因此A选项符合语境。故选A。

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2022·辽宁省各校高三第二次联合考试)

In a diving competition, Quan Hongchan from China set the 10m platform final alight with three 10s.

The perfect Quan, only 14 years old， 1.barely　 (bare) made a ripple (涟漪) as she surged (涌动) ahead with a score of 466. 20. Teammate Chen Yuxi won silver, more than 40 points back on 425.40, with Melissa Wu of Australia  2.third　 (three) on 371.40. But the final belonged to Quan, who was thrilled and amazed in equal measure  3.to take　 (take) an unforgettable diving gold.

It was a fantastic performance from a young but  4.excellent　(excellence) diver who has only recently burst onto the scene but will surely provide some of the impressive images of the Games.  5.The　 hero of Tokyo and new Olympic champion was the star of the show  6.on　 a thrilling afternoon at the Tokyo Aquatics Centre.

Quan spoke after the final about how she had felt in 7.what　 was the most important competition of her life. Yet despite her tender age, it seems that she didn't feel any pre-finals anxiety. “I  8.am　(be) a little nervous in the competition, but not very, just a little bit.” she said.

Quan also shared how she  9.would celebrate　(celebrate) her win. She said, “I want to eat a lot of delicious food tonight！” And when  10.asked　(ask) about her favorite food, she said she felt like eating latiao (a popular Chinese spicy snack) the most.

语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳水运动员全红婵在奥运会上的精彩表现以及对她的采访。

解析：

1．考查副词。修饰动词made，应用副词barely，作状语。故填barely。

2．考查数词。此处表示“第三名”，应用序数词third。故填third。

3．考查非谓语动词。句意：但决赛属于全红婵，她获得了一枚难忘的跳水金牌，让人既激动又惊讶。分析句子结构可知，take在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作表语形容词短语thrilled and amazed后的状语，应用不定式。故填to take。

4．考查形容词。修饰后文名词diver应用形容词excellent，作定语。故填excellent。

5．考查冠词。hero此处为特指，应用定冠词。句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。

6．考查介词。结合句意表示“在一个激动人心的下午”，应用介词on。故填on。

7．考查宾语从句。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，因此用what引导。故填what。

8．考查动词的时态。此处描述比赛时的心情，应用一般现在时。故填am。

9．考查动词的时态。此处主句为一般过去时，从句应用过去相对应的时态，根据句意此处应用过去将来时。故填would celebrate。

10．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，ask在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语she构成被动关系，因此要用过去分词作状语。故填asked。

Ⅳ.应用文写作

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank来信询问线上学习期间你的体育锻炼情况，请根据以下要点写一封回信。

1．感谢关心；

2．介绍体育锻炼情况；

3．表达祝愿。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．请按如下格式作答。

Dear Frank，

Yours，

Li Hua

参考范文：

Dear_Frank，

I'd like to express my gratitude for your caring about me.It is believed that sports play an important part in our daily life, especially during our online learning, which can build up our strength and make us more confident.

I chose Tai Chi as my daily sport during my online learning.Tai Chi originated in China and enjoys a wide reputation.Practicing Tai Chi regularly，I felt physically and mentally relaxed.It enabled me to sleep better at night and be more energetic during the day.

I hope you will give it a try and enjoy the benefits it brings to your health.Best wishes for you!

Yours，

Li_Hua