新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案10必修第二册Unit4HistoryAndTraditions

练案[10]　必修第二册　UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2023·辽宁省大连市双基测试)

Lonely Planet Names the Best Destinations for 2022

Nepal

It's nearly impossible to discuss Nepal without talking about Mount Qomolangma.But this Himalayan nation has so much more on offer for travelers who aren't climbing the world's highest mountain.In the remote region of Mustang, tourists can explore the high desert and meet locals at homestays along the way, dining on Nepali specialties.

Mauritius

Mauritius is in the Indian Ocean about 700 miles east of Madagascar.Here are some reasons to visit this underrated African getaway.It's inhabited by a multiracial, peaceful people, covered in great golf courses, offering various water sports, luxurious resorts, an old colonial capital, great food, one of the world's best botanical gardens, good nightlife, and great sightseeing.

Norway

Enjoying nature in Norway is an attractive activity.While some of the activities are suitable for the young, energetic and fearless, most—such as hiking, cycling, skiing and snowmobiling—can be enjoyed by anyone.Whether you're here for endless summer possibilities, or for snow sports and the amazing Northern Lights in winter, these activities are an exciting means of getting close to nature.

Cook Islands

This group of 15 islands in the South Pacific was at the top of many Lonely Planet staffers' wish lists for 2022 and beyond.What's on offer？Water-centric activities like snorkeling, diving and fishing, not to mention a look at the native Maori community in Te Vara Nui Village.

语篇导读：本文介绍了《孤独星球》杂志筛选出来的2022年最佳旅游目的地，包括尼泊尔、毛里求斯、挪威和库克群岛。

1．What activity can visitors do in Nepal？_D__

A．Enjoy good nightlife.

B．Play golf.

C．Do water activities.

D．Climb mountains.

解析：细节理解题。根据Nepal部分的“It's nearly impossible to discuss Nepal without talking about Mount Qomolangma.”和“the world's highest mountain”可知，游客可以在尼泊尔登山。故选D。

2．Which destinations can provide plenty of water sports？_C__

A．Nepal and Mauritius.

B．Mauritius and Norway.

C．Mauritius and Cook Islands.

D．Norway and Cook Islands.

解析：细节理解题。根据Mauritius部分的“offering various water sports”以及Cook Islands部分的“Water-centric activities like snorkeling, diving and fishing”可知，毛里求斯和库克群岛都提供了水上运动。故选C。

3．Who will be most likely interested in Norway？_D__

A．Animal protectors.  B．Art collectors.

C．Environmentalists.  D．Nature Lovers.

解析：细节理解题。根据Norway部分的“Enjoying nature in Norway is an attractive activity.”以及后文内容可知， 在挪威，年轻人可以通过徒步旅行、骑自行车、滑雪和骑雪地摩托等活动尽情享受自然，故自然爱好者最有可能对挪威感兴趣。故选D。

B

(2023·厦门市毕业班第二次质检)

I live in Xizhou, Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road.I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet，I was blown away.I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.

Last May，I met Paul.He told me that it was his first time in China.He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China.He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao(the Sichuan to India trading route), the Southern Silk Road, the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock.He also talked of Xuanzang.

I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan.On September 28,2021, we set out.Our days were simple：walk, eat, sleep, and repeat.We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.

We met many people on the road.Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us；some gave us directions；some invited us into their home to take a rest；some spoke of the charm of their hometown.We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls.We were walking with our minds.

Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains.As I walked on ancient paths through mountains，I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.

Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul，I came to a realization.Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet.A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other's cultures.

语篇导读：作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上，去年5月，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek，于是决定陪Paul游云南。文中描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。

4．How did the writer first respond to Paul's travel plan？_D__

A．Scared.  B．Puzzled.

C．Disappointed.  D．Surprised.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I have to admit...in the world.”可知，作者不得不承认，当第一次听说Paul Salopek要用自己的双脚环游世界时，他惊讶极了。他无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。据此可知，作者最初对Paul的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选D。

5．What can we learn about Paul Salopek from Paragraph 2？_B__

A．He was a Western journalist.

B．He had a knowledge of China.

C．He came to China several times.

D．He was Joseph Rock's acquaintance.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知， Paul Salopek是第一次来中国。跟作者讲起作者所在的中国地区的历史、迁移和发现时， Paul很激动。他谈到了南方丝绸之路，17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行，茶马古道，以及20世纪初的美国植物学家Joseph Rock。他还谈到了玄奘。据此可推知， Paul Salopek对中国有一定的了解。故选B。

6．What does Paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul？_D__

A．They honored the ancestors.

B．They set off in high spirits.

C．They satisfied the locals' curiosity.

D．They built bonds with people.

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者和Paul Salopek在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围绕着他们，看着他们；有些人给他们指路；有些人邀请他们去他们家休息；有些人谈到了他们家乡的魅力。他们遇见了许多美好的人，朴素的人和温暖的人。据此可推知，作者和Paul与人们建立了联系。故选D。

7．What is the main purpose of the writer's writing the text？_A__

A．To share and reflect on a journey.

B．To suggest a new way of travel.

C．To advocate the protection of biodiversity.

D．To introduce and promote Chinese culture.

解析：目的意图题。 通读全文内容可知，作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek，于是决定陪Paul游云南。文章描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。

Ⅱ.七选五

(2023·八省市第一次联考)

Walking in the city is very different from walking in the park.A psychology study suggests urban environments can slow your step and possibly increase your mental load. 1.C　 It can ease your mind and quicken your pace.The findings show that natural settings may potentially reduce cognitive(认知的) tiredness and improve reaction time straight away. 2.G　

The first of the two experiments focused on people's way of walking and cognitive load.During this trial, participants were fitted with sensors and a dozen motion control cameras were set up to watch them repeatedly walk down a 15-meter room at their natural speed.The wall opposite them showed an image of either a nature scene or a city scene. 3.E　 On the whole, when walking in city settings, people considered that they felt more uncomfortable and they walked at a slower pace, indicating a higher cognitive load.

 4.B　 In the trial, participants were asked to distinguish between basic visual shapes on the computer while also in the presence of a natural or urban image (the same ones from the first experiment)．

Measuring reaction time in both natural and urban settings, the team found the results supporting their idea.In urban environments, participants were slower in distinguishing among simple shapes. 5.F　 Our brains take longer to process information.However, more research is needed to prove that idea.

A．Nature influences us in many ways.

B．The second dug into some higher-level cognitive processes.

C．A walk in nature does the opposite, though.

D．They said they couldn't concentrate properly after walking.

E．After each, participants were asked to rate their discomfort.

F．The reason is that urban environments are more distracting.

G．The study includes two experiments with two different approaches.

语篇导读：本文主要介绍了一项心理学研究，该研究表明在城市环境中散步和在自然环境中散步会给人们带来不同的影响，前者可能会使人们的思维变缓并增加精神负担，后者则与之相反。

解析：

1．考查逻辑推断。文中第一句提到在城里散步不同于在公园散步，紧接着阐明研究结果——在城市环境中散步会加重你的思想负担，同时使你放慢行走的速度，设空处后一句提到“它”可以使你精神放松、加快你的节奏，那么设空处应是介绍“在自然中散步”的情况，结合选项可知，C项(然而，在大自然中漫步却恰恰相反。)符合语境。故选C。

2．考查逻辑推断。根据第二段第一句“The first of the two experiments...”可知设空处需要引出这两个实验。G项(该研究包括两个实验，这两个实验采用两种不同的方法。)符合语境。故选G。

3．考查语境推断。空前内容描述了实验的外部条件设置，空后的内容是实验的结果——人们在城市的环境下行走感觉更不舒服，故设空处应该为实验的步骤之一。结合选项可知，E项(每次散步结束后，参与者被要求为他们在两种环境下的不舒适程度打分。)符合语境。故选E。

4．考查语境推断。根据空后内容可知，本段描述的是一个不同的实验。设空处应起到承上启下的作用，指出后面的内容与第二个实验有关。结合选项可知，B项(第二个实验深入研究了一些更高层次的认知过程。)符合语境。故选B。

5．考查语境推断。空前是实验的结果，空后一句是对该实验结果的进一步分析，由此可推知，设空处也应是对实验的结论做出的解释。结合选项可知，F项(原因是城市环境更容易让人分心。)符合语境。故选F。

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2023·八省市第一次联考)

I've had my fair share of travelling around China, and the recent week-long trip to Guizhou was my first time to the province.I tried looking up the meaning and significance of the name Guizhou before the trip， 1.basically　(basic) to have a reasonable idea of what was in store for me.But that was  2.a　 hard task so I inquired a Chinese colleague on the trip.According to what she said, initially the province  3.was named　(name) after a famous mountain called“Gui”， sort of noble in literal translation, and“zhou”simply means“province”in Chinese. 4.Keeping　(keep) that in mind I set out on a journey of discovery and  5.what　 I found was mind-blowing，a photographer's paradise.Generally  6.described　(describe) as a mountainous province in southwestern China, with Guiyang as  7.its　(it) capital, the province is truly one of nature's best kept secrets.Compared to other more economically advanced  8.provinces　(province) in China, with regard  9.to　 development，Guizhou has some catching-up to do.However, the province remains unique not only for its amazing landscape,  10.but　 for the role it played in the history of China and the role it is to play in the world.

语篇导读：本文从一名旅行者的视角出发，对贵州进行了简单的介绍。

解析：

1．考查副词。句意：在出发前，我试着查了一下贵州这个名字的含义和意义，基本上是为了对即将发生的事情有一个合理的认识。此处作状语，应用副词。故填basically。

2．考查冠词。句意：但这是一项艰巨的任务，所以我在旅途中询问了一位中国同事。task是可数名词，且此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰。hard的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。

3．考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：根据她的说法，这个省最初是以一座名叫“贵”的名山命名的，字面翻译有几分“高贵”之意，而“州”在汉语中只是“省份”的意思。name after是固定搭配，意为“以……来命名”，此处主语为the province，故应用动词的被动语态；主语为名词单数，谓语应用第三人称单数形式；且根据时间状语initially可知，此处描述过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故填was named。

4．考查非谓语动词。句意：牢记着这一点，我开始了一段探索之旅，而我发现(这里是)一个摄影者的天堂，这使我兴奋。此处应用非谓语动词形式作伴随状语， keep与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填Keeping。

5．考查名词性从句。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，指物。故填what。

6．考查非谓语动词。句意：该省通常被人描述为中国西南部的一个多山省份，省会贵阳，的确是大自然最隐秘的地方之一。此处应用非谓语形式作状语，describe与其逻辑主语the province之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填described。

7．考查代词。句意见上一题解析。空处修饰capital，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。

8．考查名词复数。句意：与中国其他经济更发达的省份相比，在发展方面，贵州还需要迎头赶上。other后应跟可数名词复数。故填provinces。

9．考查介词。句意见上一题解析。with regard to 是固定搭配，意为“关于，至于”。故填to。

10．考查连词。句意：然而，该省的独特之处不仅在于其令人惊叹的景观，还在于它在中国历史上所扮演的角色，以及它将在世界上扮演的角色。not only... but(also)．..是固定搭配，意为“不仅……，而且……”。故填but。

Ⅳ.应用文写作

(2023·湖北省十一校第一次联考)

假定你是李华，暑假你想去新西兰旅游，你写信向新西兰的笔友Jack了解具体情况。内容包括：

1．旅游地点的推荐；

2．旅游注意事项。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

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参考范文：

Dear Jack，

How's it going？For the coming summer holiday，I plan to travel to New Zealand！I am now writing to ask for your advice.

First, where do you think I should go？As you know, any place of historic interest fascinates me, mainly for its cultural significance.Besides，I am always tempted almost beyond resistance by beautiful scenery, and New Zealand surely has a great reputation for it.As for traveling in New Zealand, do you have other suggestions?

I can't wait to see what you are going to recommend! Thank you!

Yours，

Li Hua