新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案17选择性必修第一册Unit1PeopleOfAchievement

练案[17]　选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2023·重庆市第一次质检)

Gurnah, growing up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania, was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature.

He is the first Black writer  1.A　 the prize since Toni Morrison in 1993, and some observers saw his  2.B　 as a long delayed corrective(矫正) after years of European and American Nobel laureates(获奖者)．In his 10 novels, Gurnah has often explored the  3.A　 of exile(流放), identity and belonging.They  4.D　 Memory of Departure, Pilgrims Way and Dottie, which all deal with the immigrant(移民) experience in Britain.

Gurnah's first language is Swahili, but he  5.C　 English as his literary language.He drew on the imagery and stories from the Quran,  6.D　 from Arabic and Persian poetry, particularly The Arabian Nights.The news of Gurnah's Nobel  7.C　 by fellow novelists and academics who have long argued that his  8.B　 deserve a wider audience.

Gurnah was born in Zanzibar, which is now  9.A　 of Tanzania, in 1948.Then, in 1964, he fled to England. 10.D　, poor, homesick, he began to write scraps(片段) in his diary, then  11.B　 entries, then stories about other people.In his 20s, he started  12.C　 fiction.Then he finished his first novel Memory of Departure, about a young man who flees a failed uprising, and at the same time he was writing his Ph.D.dissertation(论文)． 13.A　, he became a professor of English.

Though Gurnah hasn't lived in Tanzania since he was a  14.B　, his homeland always inspires his imagination. 15.D　, he said，“My homeland always asserts myself in my imagination, even when I deliberately try to set my stories elsewhere.”

语篇导读：本文主要介绍了2021年诺贝尔文学奖获得者，坦桑尼亚作家古尔纳的生平及作品。

1．A.to receive  B．to confirm

C．to search  D．to appreciate

解析：考查语境推断。根据第一段“...was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature.”可知，古尔纳被授予诺贝尔文学奖。receive意为“得到，收到”，符合语境。confirm意为“确认”； search意为“搜查”；appreciate意为“欣赏”。故选A。

2．A.section  B．selection

C．collection  D．consultation

解析：考查语境推断。结合语境可知，此处表示古尔纳被选为诺贝尔文学奖的获得者。selection意为“选择”，符合语境。section意为“部分，部门”；collection意为“收藏(品)”；consultation意为“咨询”。故选B。

3．A.themes  B．opinions

C．passages  D．suggestions

解析：考查语境推断。结合空后的“exile(流放), identity and belonging”以及下文“...and Dottie, which all deal with the immigrant(移民) experience in Britain.”可知，在他的10部小说中， 古尔纳经常探讨流亡、身份和归属感的主题。theme意为“主题”，符合语境。opinion意为“意见”；passage意为“段落”；suggestion意为“建议”。故选A。

4．A.explode  B．conclude

C．provide  D．include

解析：考查语境推断。结合语境可知，此处表示这些作品包括《离别的记忆》《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，都是围绕在英国的移民经历而展开。include意为“包括”，符合语境。explode意为“爆炸”；conclude意为“总结”；provide意为“提供”。故选D。

5．A.advised  B．adapted

C．adopted  D．affected

解析：考查语境推断。结合语境可知，此处表示古尔纳的第一语言是斯瓦希里语，但他采用英语作为他的文学语言。adopt意为“采用”，符合语境。advise意为“建议”；adapt意为“使适应；改编”；affect意为“影响”。故选C。

6．A.as much as  B．as long as

C．as often as  D．as well as

解析：考查语境推断。结合语境可知，此处表示他的作品引用了《古兰经》和阿拉伯诗歌与波斯诗歌中的意象和故事。as well as意为“以及”，符合语境。as much as意为“多达”；as long as意为“只要；长达”；as often as意为“每当”。故选D。

7．A.was awarded  B．was discussed

C．was celebrated  D．was suspected

解析：考查语境推断。此处表示小说家同行和学者们庆祝古尔纳获得诺贝尔奖的消息，他们一直认为他的作品应该有更广泛的读者。celebrate意为“庆祝”，符合语境。award意为“授予”；discuss意为“讨论”；suspect意为“怀疑”。故选C。

8．A.jobs  B．works

C．labors  D．careers

解析：考查语境推断。结合语境可知，此处表示他的作品应有更广泛的读者。work意为“作品”，符合语境。job意为“工作”；labor意为“任务；工作”；career意为“职业，事业”。故选B。

9．A.part  B．name

C．home  D．country

解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处表示桑给巴尔现在是坦桑尼亚的一部分。part意为“部分”，符合语境。name意为“名称”；home意为“家”；country意为“国家”。故选A。

10．A.Admirable  B．Respectable

C．Fashionable  D．Miserable

解析：考查语境推断。根据下文中与设空处内容并列的poor, homesick可知，空格处填写的词汇应该是具有相似感情色彩的词汇，表示古尔纳当时的状态。miserable意为“痛苦的”，符合语境。admirable意为“令人钦佩的”；respectable意为“受人尊敬的”；fashionable意为“时髦的”。故选D。

11．A.higher  B．longer

C．stronger  D．heavier

解析：考查语境&常识推断。根据上下文语境可知，古尔纳先是在日记中写零碎片段，接着是简短记录，再接着是人物故事；且根据常识可知，写作应是循序渐进，一步步进行的；且从零碎片段到简短记录再到人物故事，文字的长度应是逐渐变长的。long意为“长的”，符合语境。high意为“高的”；strong意为“强壮的”；heavy意为“重的”。故选B。

12．A.reading  B．hearing

C．writing  D．watching

解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处表示20多岁时，古尔纳开始写小说。write意为“写作”，符合语境。read意为“阅读”；hear意为“听”；watch意为“观察”。故选C。

13．A.Afterwards  B．Forwards

C．Backwards  D．Frontwards

解析：考查逻辑推断。本段主要介绍了古尔纳的文学创作历程，有明显的时间顺序；此处表示后来，他成为英语教授。afterwards意为“然后”，符合语境。forwards意为“向前”； backwards意为“向后”；frontwards意为“向前”。故选A。

14．A.writer  B．teenager

C．scholar  D．professor

解析：考查语境推断。根据第四段中“Gurnah was born in Zanzibar...in 1948.Then, in 1964, he fled to England.”可知， 16岁时，古尔纳离开了坦桑尼亚，即此处指自青少年时期他便没有再回去过。teenager意为“青少年”，符合语境。writer意为“作家”；scholar意为“学者”；professor意为“教授”。故选B。

15．A.As a result B．At the same time

C．On the other hand D．In his own words

解析：考查语境推断。后文是古尔纳对上文“his homeland always inspires his imagination”的诠释，以说明他的小说中处处有着他的祖国的影子。in his own words意为“用他自己的话”，符合语境。as a result意为“结果”；at the same time意为“同时”；on the other hand意为“另一方面”。故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2023·济南市学情检测)

Many of us have heard of Alex Honnold, who made history in 2018 when he became the first man to climb El Capitan without ropes or safety equipment.But his mother, Dierdre Wolownick, just became the oldest woman to conquer the famous peak：She reached the top on September 23,2021—the morning of her 70th birthday.

Dierdre，a writer and language teacher, decided to take up climbing as a means to connect more with her son.In 2008, accompanied by her son Alex, she visited a climbing gym and completed 12 routes that first day with his help, but it was months before she plucked up the courage to return and practice on her own.

Dierdre became committed to the sport, and began to meet friends and sharpen her skills.She scaled(攀登) parts of Half Dome and Cathedral Peak at a time when many people at her age are thinking about retirement and slowing down.The writer published a book about her climbing experiences with Alex called The Sharp End of Life：A Mother's Story.

“As a mother，I am impressed by this role exchange process.Parents and children often wind up changing roles in life as they get older，”she writes in her book.“But never，I thought, is that transformation as obvious as when they climb together.”

On September 23, Dierdre and her friends set out in the dark, at 6 a．m..The route is steep(陡峭的) enough to require all fours, grabbing rocks and trees and whatever else will hold the weight.Despite all difficulties, the team made it to the top.“It was really inspiring to watch her and then to have her on top with all of us，”said one of Dierdre's friends.“There was a special look on everyone's face.We knew where we were.We knew how amazing the moment truly was.”

语篇导读：文章讲述了世界级攀岩者亚历克斯·杭诺尔德的母亲迪尔德丽·沃罗尼克为了更好地了解儿子，致力于攀岩运动，并于自己70岁生日时登上高峰的故事。

1．Why did Dierdre start climbing mountains？_A__

A．To know her son better.

B．To celebrate her birthday.

C．To seek writing inspiration.

D．To set an example for the old.

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Dierdre，a writer and language teacher, decided to take up climbing as a means to connect more with her son.”可知，迪尔德丽开始爬山是因为她想更好地了解自己的儿子。故选A。

2．Which of the following best describes Dierdre？_B__

A．Patient.  B．Courageous.

C．Intelligent.  D．Generous.

解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“just became the oldest woman to conquer the famous peak”，第二段中的“completed 12 routes that first day”，第三段中的“when many people at her age are thinking about retirement and slowing down”以及后文所述的迪尔德丽的攀岩经历可知，在同龄人准备开始享受节奏缓慢的退休生活时，迪尔德丽开始学习攀岩，并于70岁生日时登上高峰。由此推断出她是一个勇敢无畏的人。故选B。

3．What can we know about Dierdre's climbing journey?

_A__

A．It was worth the efforts.

B．It took days to complete.

C．It was arranged on her own.

D．It required special equipment.

解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中迪尔德丽朋友的话“It was really inspiring to watch her and then to have her on top with all of us”和“We knew how amazing the moment truly was.”可知，尽管他们遇到了很多困难，但当他们到达顶峰时，他们知道了自己身在何处，也知道了那一刻是多么的令人惊喜，由此可以推断出他们的努力是值得的。故选A。

4．What may be a suitable title for the text？_B__

A．Mountain Climbing Benefits Health

B．A Mother Goes Beyond Her Son's Feat

C．Climb Together, Bond Closer

D．Slow Down, Better Your Life

解析：标题归纳题。综观全文可知，文章讲述了世界级攀岩者亚历克斯·杭诺尔德的母亲迪尔德丽·沃罗尼克为了更好地了解儿子，致力于攀岩运动，并于自己70岁生日时登上高峰，由此成为征服该峰的最年长的女性的故事。这位母亲的成就甚至超越了自己儿子的成就。B项(母亲超越儿子的成就)最适合作文章标题。故选B。

Ⅲ.七选五

(2023·南京市、盐城市一模)

Shannan Hearne's oldest dream was to own a ranch (牧场)．In February 2020, her dream finally came true when she opened the gates of Sun and Moon Ranch.Then, just a month later, the country slid into COVID-19 lockdown. 1.C　

With large areas of grasslands and plenty of sunshine and fresh air, there was no safer way for frightened neighbors to get out of the house. 2.A　 Sure, you can sign up for riding lessons or board your horse.But you can also drop by to play with the chickens, goats, and dogs, or join the younger ranchers playing on the big pile of freshly dug dirt.Hearne now saw the ranch as something more than a business—it would be a place the community could call home.

 3.B　 Many of them came not just for free cookouts, but for the chance to find peace of mind.“I had a vision for the space able to help cure those in need，”says Hearne.One of those people, now 15, was born without fingers on one hand.His grandmother brought him to Sun and Moon Ranch for riding lessons.Learning to control a horse with one hand helped him better manage his disability, and he grew closer to his grandmother over their shared love of horses.“ 4.G　 And I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggles with any sort of psychological issue，”Hearne says.

Another boy became selectively silent because of his autism(自闭症)． 5.E　 Taking the reins(缰绳), literally, helped him do so in his daily life too.“I could see how the empowerment of riding was helping him feel once again in control of the world around him，”says Hearne.

A．The ranch, Hearne realized, should be for everybody.

B．As the pandemic deepened, locals began to gather there.

C．Soon Hearne's dream began to grow into something bigger.

D．Locals desired to put up a tent there when they felt worn out.

E．Lesson by lesson, Hearne watched him slowly come out of his own world.

F．He went from not answering questions to literally talking our ear off.

G．There is something empowering about controlling a one-thousand-pound animal.

语篇导读：Hearne拥有牧场的梦想实现了，但一个月后，全国陷入了封闭状态之中，当地人无处可去，Hearne利用自己的牧场为当地人服务。

解析：

1．空前讲， Hearne实现了拥有牧场的梦想，但一个月后全国陷入了封闭状态之中，故此处应描述封闭状态对Hearne的影响。再结合第二段的内容可知， Hearne不只把牧场当作生意，还把牧场当作邻居们的家。故选C。

2．根据第1空前面一句和第二段首句可知，新冠肺炎疫情下邻居无处可去，再结合空后讲述邻居在牧场可以做很多事情可推知，此空应讲述Hearne在新冠肺炎疫情下怎样利用牧场为邻居服务。故选A。

3．空后的“Many of them”对应选项中的“locals”。B项与空后的“他们中的很多人来到这里，不仅是为了免费的野餐，而且还为了有机会去寻找内心的平静。”联系紧密。故选B。

4．空前讲述一个15岁的残疾孩子学会了用一只手控制马，这帮助他更好地应对他自己的残疾，再结合空后一句可知， Hearne认为这对于与疾病抗争的孩子们来说尤其如此。故G项(控制一只1 000磅重的动物可以增强自信。)承上启下，符合语境。故选G。

5．空前讲另外一个孩子因为自闭症而变得选择性沉默。空后讲骑马帮助他再次对自己周围的环境应付自如，故E项符合语境。故选E。

Ⅳ.语法填空

(2023·厦门市第二次质检)

Many excellent warship crews have been trained on the Liaoning, which is a Chinese Type 001 aircraft carrier.As the only female deck operation officer on it, Remila Dabul of Kazak ethnic group(哈萨克族), whose story  1.was reported　(report) by the media in January, has attracted much public attention.

Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone  2.operator　(operate)．But when she first saw a J-15 fighter taking off, the idea of working alongside it crossed her mind. 3.So　 eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became  4.qualified　(qualify)．

During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits.After a J-15 lands,  5.what　 she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after  6.getting　(get) signals and run to the fighter to take a series of actions for a quick installation.“The higher risk our work is, the  7.firmer　(firm) belief we should have，”said Remila.She has put her belief  8.into　 practice in her daily security and guarantee work.

This year, Remila spent her  9.fifth　(five)Spring Festival aboard the carrier.Remila said，“I miss my parents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.I love my career and  10.am　(be) willing to shoulder the responsibility to safeguard the happiness and the peaceful life of millions of families in the motherland.”

语篇导读：本文主要介绍了辽宁舰上唯一一名女舰员——哈萨克族的Remila Dabul。

解析：

1．考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据时间状语in January可知，用一般过去时；名词story与report之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态；主语story为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was reported。

2．考查名词。根据不定冠词a可知，空处用名词的单数形式。故填operator。

3．考查固定句型。在“so...that...(如此……以至于……)”结构中，若将“so＋adj./adv.”置于句首，其后的主句要用部分倒装。故填So。

4．考查形容词。系动词became 后接形容词作表语。故填qualified。

5．考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语。故填what。

6．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词after的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填getting。

7．考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处是“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”。故填firmer。

8．考查介词。此处是固定短语“put...into practice”，意为“把……付诸实践”。故填into。

9．考查序数词。此处表示“第五个春节”，所以用序数词。故填fifth。

10．考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列成分，空处的时态应与love保持一致。故填am。