新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案21选择性必修第一册Unit5WorkingTheLand

练案[21]　选择性必修第一册　UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2023·八省八校联考)

My family moved into our home nine years ago.We live on a corner, and the entire side of the yard is enclosed by a  1.A　 built rock wall.However, the front of the house is another  2.B　 because instead of a wall along the sidewalk, the rocks appear to be just  3.C　 up onto the dirt.

We did the best we could and called this area our “rock garden”．Whenever we had leftover flowers or plants，I would  4.C　 them out front, just to bring some  5.B　 to the area.

Last summer I reached the end of the rock garden and found a tiny little plant that I could not immediately  6.B　; we didn't plant it.We decided to let it  7.A　 growing until we could  8.D　 what it was.

Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the  9.D　 plant, it appeared to be a sunflower.It was skinny.I decided to  10.C　 it along and weed around it.As I pulled rocks to get to the weeds，I noticed something  11.A　.The sunflower had not started where I saw it  12.A　.It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to  13.D　 the sun.

That's when I realized that we should stand tall like the sunflower and the environment will begin to  14.D　 us.We will find a way to go under or around our big  15.C　 in order to reach our desires.

语篇导读：本文讲述了作者发现一棵向日葵突破一块压住它的石头顽强生长，并由此产生感悟。

1．A.professionally  B．randomly

C．simply  D．terribly

解析：考查语境推断。此处与下文的“instead of a wall along the sidewalk, the rocks appear to be just __3__ up onto the dirt”形成对比，作者是说院子的整个侧面被一堵由专业人员建造的石墙包围着。professionally意为“专业地”，符合语境。randomly意为“随意地”；simply意为“简单地”；terribly意为“糟糕地”。故选A。

2．A.wall  B．story

C．side  D．yard

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文的“the entire side of the yard is enclosed by a __1__ built rock wall”和空后的“instead of a wall along the sidewalk”可知，然而房子的前面又是另一回事。another story意为“另一回事”， story符合语境。wall意为“墙”；side意为“边”；yard意为“院子”。故选B。

3．A.built  B．used

C．thrown  D．made

解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处与前文的石墙形成对比，故这里这些石头应是随意摆放的，就像只是被扔到泥土上一样。throw意为“扔”，符合语境。build意为“建立”；use意为“使用”；make意为“制作”。故选C。

4．A.select  B．cut

C．stick  D．pick

解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“them out front, just to bring some __5__ to the area”以及下文的“we didn 't plant it.”可知，作者会把剩下的花或植物随手种在门外，只是为了给这个区域带来一些色彩。stick意为“(随便)摆放，放置；刺，扎，戳”，符合语境。select意为“选择”；cut意为“切开”；pick意为“挑选”。故选C。

5．A.dirt  B．color

C．flowers  D．plants

解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者是想给这个都是石头的区域增添一些属于植物的色彩。color意为“颜色，色彩”，符合语境。dirt意为“尘土”；flower意为“花朵”；plant意为“植物”。故选B。

6．A.clarify  B．identify

C．account  D．observe

解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“we didn't plant it”可知， 这株植物不是作者种的，所以此处是说作者发现了一小株不能马上辨认出来的植物。identify意为“认出”，符合语境。clarify意为“澄清”；account意为“解释”；observe意为“观察”。故选B。

7．A.continue  B．avoid

C．escape  D．start

解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“growing until we could __8__ what it was”和下文这株植物长大了可知，此处是说让它继续生长。continue意为“继续”，符合语境。avoid意为“避免”；escape意为“逃避”；start意为“开始”。故选A。

8．A.take down  B．come across

C．refer to  D．figure out

解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“what it was”和前文作者说不认识这株植物可知，此处是说作者决定让它继续生长，直到能弄清楚它是什么植物。figure out意为“弄清楚”，符合语境。take down意为“放下；记下”；come across意为“偶遇”；refer to意为“涉及；参考”。故选D。

9．A.charming  B．wonderful

C．ugly  D．mysterious

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文的“a tiny little plant that I could not immediately __6__;_we didn't plant it.”可知，作者不认识这株植物，所以此处称它为神秘的植物。mysterious意为“神秘的”，符合语境。charming意为“迷人的”；wonderful意为“精彩的”；ugly意为“丑陋的”。故选D。

10．A.dream  B．wait

C．baby  D．explore

解析：考查语境推断。根据下文的“weed around it”可知，作者决定一直照料它。baby意为“百般呵护”，符合语境。dream意为“梦到”；wait意为“等待”；explore意为“探索”。故选C。

11．A.unusual  B．important

C．common  D．disturbing

解析：考查语境推断。根据下文的“The sunflower had not started where I saw it __12__.It actually had begun under a big rock...”可知，作者原以为它就是从看到它的地方长出来的，但是实际上它是从石头下长出来的，所以作者在此处说她发现了不寻常的事情。unusual意为“不寻常的”，符合语境。important意为“重要的”；common意为“常见的”；disturbing意为“令人不安的”。故选A。

12．A.begin  B．stop

C．shoot  D．expand

解析：考查复现推断。根据空前的“The sunflower had not started”和空后的“It actually had begun”可知，此处是说向日葵并不是从作者看到的地方开始生长的。begin为原词复现，同时与start构成同义复现。begin意为“开始存在”，符合语境。stop意为“停止”；shoot意为“发射”；expand意为“扩大”。故选A。

13．A.shade  B．stand

C．steal  D．reach

解析：语境&常识推断。根据“grown under and around it to __13__ the sun”及常识可知，向日葵实际上是从这块大石头下面开始生长，并围绕着这块石头长出来，以接触到阳光。reach意为“够到”，在此处引申为“接触”，符合语境。shade意为“遮挡”；stand意为“忍受”；steal意为“偷”。故选D。

14．A.shelter  B．choose

C．warn  D．support

解析：考查语境推断。根据空前的“we should stand tall like the sunflower and the environment will begin to”可知，我们应该像向日葵一样顽强，环境才会开始支持我们，此处“支持”指获得良好的生存环境，就像向日葵接触到了阳光一样。support意为“支持”，符合语境。shelter意为“庇护”；choose 意为“选择”；warn意为“警告”。故选D。

15．A.failures  B．advantages

C．problems  D．situations

解析：考查语境推断。根据空前的“We will find a way to go under or around our big”可知，生活中遇到的问题就像向日葵上压着的大石头，此处是说我们也可以找到方法去克服或者绕过我们遇到的问题。problem意为“问题”，符合语境。failure意为“失败的事”；advantage意为“优势”；situation意为“情况”。故选C。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2023·广东省深圳市一调)

Today China is the world's biggest consumer of wheat.But it wasn't always that way.

Wheat only came to the area now known as northern China toward the end of the Neolithic period(新石器时代), some 4,600 years ago.Initially, wheat didn't seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight.The first farmers of northern China primarily grew millet(粟), starting as early as 11,500 years ago.By the time of the Tang Dynasty, wheat had replaced millet, becoming a major crop.But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.

In an attempt to track the answer，I accumulated (积累)a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 A．D..The sites were across 8 modern provinces, ranging from Gansu Province in the northwest to Shandong Province in the east.

One possible explanation is a major climate shift, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 3,500 to 4,300 years ago.At that time, the climate became colder and drier across continents, causing damage to crop production.

On top of this, the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world.With an ever-increasing population and unsteady crop production, it is reasonable to assume that Neolithic farmers in northern China were struggling.

Wheat, as it turns out, actually needs more water than millet, making it seem a poor choice for a dry period of history.But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested.That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.

From more extreme weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes dramatic changes to societies.In this instance, the consequence of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China proved, eventually, delicious.

语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小麦开始作为中国北方农作物的历史，以及它成为主要农作物的原因。

1．What can we learn about wheat from Paragraph 2？_B__

A．It replaced millet for its great taste.

B．It was a poor choice at the beginning.

C．It outnumbered millet 4,600 years ago.

D．It was the earliest crop grown in China.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Initially, wheat didn't seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight.”可知，小麦一开始被看作是“绝望的农作物”，即它是一个糟糕的选择。故选B。

2．What do the figures in Paragraph 3 show？_C__

A．The author found the exact answer.

B．The author did worldwide research.

C．The author took the research seriously.

D．The author was good at collecting data.

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者收集了近1 200个数据点，这些数据点涵盖了50多个地点，时间跨度从大约9 000年前的新石器时代中期到公元220年东汉王朝的瓦解，在距离上横跨8个现代省份，从西北部的甘肃省到东部的山东省。由此可推断，作者对待这项研究十分认真。故选C。

3．What was probably the main reason for northerners in China to grow wheat？_D__

A．The water supply was enough then.

B．The harvest of millet was not satisfying.

C．It adjusted to the weather conditions better.

D．It had an alternative sowing season with millet.

解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested.That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.”可知，中国北方人种植小麦的主要原因是它有和粟交替的播种季节。故选D。

4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text？_B__

A．How Was Millet Introduced to China?

B．Why Did Chinese Farmers Switch to Wheat?

C．Why Did China Become the Biggest Wheat Consumer?

D．How Was China's Wheat Growth Affected by Climate Change?

解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段中的“But it wasn't always that way.”引出小麦“鲜为人知”的历史，第二段中的“But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.”则引出后文对小麦成为主要作物的原因的解答。由此可知，文章主要介绍了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为主要农作物的原因。故B项(为什么中国农民转向种植小麦？)最适合作文章标题。故选B。

Ⅲ.应用文写作

(2023·八省八校联考)

假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Joe的家乡遭遇了特大洪涝灾害，他的家受损严重，他本人也受伤了。请你给他写一封信，要点包括：

1．安慰和鼓励；

2．为他提供帮助(如募捐等)。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

Dear Joe，

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

参考范文：

Dear_Joe，

I'm so sad to know that a heavy flood struck your hometown the other day.I'm writing to offer my genuine concern and sincere support.

I know that your hometown has been severely destroyed and I do feel bad about your being injured.I hope you can recover soon and never lose heart.Don't forget I am always ready to help.I have been raising money and collecting useful items for you, which will be sent to you as soon as possible.

Wish you all the best.And feel free to contact me if you need any more help.

Yours_sincerely，

Li_Hua

Ⅳ.读后续写

(2022·广东省肇庆市二模)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was sitting at my desk surrounded by New Year gifts, feeling happy that I had managed to buy some hard-to-find items.These were for Kids Need More，a charitable organization offering services to socially disadvantaged children.One of its most popular events is the Holiday Cheer Bus.The organization always fills the buses with donated gifts for the families on the Cheer Bus routes.Each bus is manned by a team of volunteers.My family had been volunteers for years.I had a list of the families on our route.

Just as I was packing up the items with my husband and my son，I received a call from the director of the organization.She asked if I could add a family to my route—here was a young mother, Leanne, and her son.

I called Leanne and told her that a Holiday Cheer Bus would be visiting her family.Leanne seemed really excited and began to cry.I comforted her，“The Holiday Cheer Bus is really going to come.Is there something special that your child would like？”

“My son is three.All he wants is a pair of Spider-Man snow boots so that he can play outside in the snow.”

I asked about her son's shoe size.She told me the size and I promised I would have Spider-Man snow boots in size 9 for her son.

After I said goodbye and ended the call, panic set in.It was two days before the Holiday Cheer Bus was going on its run, less than a week before New Year.I was going to need a holiday miracle to find Spider-Man snow boots in size 9.

“We have to go shopping！”I called out to my husband and son.They were surprised but still we set off.We went to a few department stores and the shoe departments, without success.We were tired and hungry.We were becoming disheartened.My son suggested giving Leanne a gift card so she could get the boots herself.But I didn't want to give up.I promised we would bring boots.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

At our final stop, expecting defeat, we entered the shoe department. __________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Two days later, we arrived at the young mom's home. ___________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

写作提示：

1．审题：(1)明确故事人物：作者一家人与利安娜和她儿子；(2)厘清主要事件：作者一家都是慈善组织Kids Need More的志愿者，他们正在购置新年礼物，届时通过节日巴士造访需要帮助的家庭，给他们送去相应的礼物。组织负责人联系到作者，要在受助家庭列表中增加一户——利安娜和她的儿子。作者了解到利安娜的儿子想要一双9码的雪地靴。时间紧急且作者找了很多商店都没有找到，但是作者没有放弃。

2．写作要点：(1)由续写第一段首句内容“在最后一站，我们预料到(可能会)无功而返，(但还是)走进了鞋类专柜。”可知，本段可描写作者一家终于找到了一双9码儿童雪地靴。(2)由续写第二段首句内容“两天后，我们来到了这位年轻妈妈的家中。”可知，第二段可描写作者一家拜访利安娜和她的儿子，亲手送上礼物之后母亲欣喜又感动，最后依依惜别的过程。

参考范文：

At our final stop, expecting defeat, we entered the shoe department.All we saw were empty shelves where the snow boots should be.I accidentally looked down and saw a Spider-Man box.As I got closer，I could not believe my eyes.On top of the box were exactly the snow boots.I carefully lifted the tag and saw the size—a children's size 9！I was more than relieved, knowing we wouldn't disappoint Leanne and her son.

Two days later, we arrived at the young mom's home.As the bus pulled up, the son ran through the cold, wet snow without boots for the last time.We handed him the boots and stayed for a while.When it was time to leave for our next stop, Leanne waved us off with tears in her eyes.As we walked down the driveway，I heard her son delightfully ask if he could go out to play in the snow in his new boots.Although I didn't hear the answer，I guessed he would have been permitted and had a great time.