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2023届河南省名校大联考阶段性测试（六）三模英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份2023届河南省名校大联考阶段性测试（六）三模英语试题（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届河南省名校大联考阶段性测试（六）三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
We tend to put celebrities in boxes. There’s the person who makes us laugh, the one who makes us cry, and the one who always wears the outrageous outfit. But it may surprise you to learn that some of your favorite actors, singers, and comedians have another talent—they are also authors. We’re sharing some of our favorite picture books by those people.
The Spectacular Tale of Peter Rabbit by Emma Thompson
It's a bit unfair that Emma Thompson is so unbelievably talented, but then again, because she is, we have more Peter Rabbit to love. Building on Beatrix Potter’s classic tales, Emma Thompson brings the naughty Peter to life for another generation.
Tomatoes for Neela by Padma Lakshmi
Best known for her role as the host of Top Chef and her best-selling cookbooks, Padma Lakshmi has long encouraged children to help in the kitchen. Lakshmi explores family recipes, intergenerational cooking, and the humble tomato in her new picture book.
The World Needs More Purple People by Kristen Bell and Benjamin Hart
I might argue that the world needs more episodes of The Good Place, but I suppose a picture book by its star Kristen Bell will have to do instead. Bell encourages kids to become “purple people”, the people who know who they are and accept others for who they are and, as a result, build more harmonious, loving communities. That sounds like a worthy goal to me.
My Little Brave Girl by Hilary Duff
Every little girl (and even big ones) can use encouragement to be brave, embrace all that the world offers, and remember the vast possibilities available to her. Inspired by her daughter, Hilary Duff delivers a lovely, beautifully illustrated book that provides that reminder.
1．What is Tomatoes for Neela about?
A．Cooking. B．Acting. C．Farming. D．Drawing.2．What is special about The World Needs More Purple People?
A．It is a best-selling book. B．Two authors created it together.
C．It encourages kids to help cook. D．Its writer is especially talented.3．What do the four books have in common?
A．They make readers laugh. B．They are written for girls.
C．Their authors have other identities. D．They are adapted from classics.
For the past two years, 11-year-old Carter Doorley has put on his wetsuit and hit the waves every day. The fifth-grader from Brigantine, New Jersey, uses his surfing to raise money for charity—often surfing a wave for every dollar donated to his fundraisers.
Carter taught himself to surf at five and put the hobby to work during the pandemic lockdown when local playgrounds, hockey courts, and skate parks were closed- -but the beach was open. Carter told his mom he wanted to try to surf every day for 100 days in a row. Then he kept going—on May 24, he will have surfed 730 days in a row.
“It blows my mind,” says his mom, Dawn Doorley, 43, who documents Carter’s surfs on Instagram.
On November 5,2020, when Carter learned that the nonprofit Funny Farm Rescue & Animal Sanctuary needed money—he started a fundraiser for the rescue and promised to surf a wave for every dollar donated. At the end of the fundraiser and several surf sessions later, Carter presented Laurie Zaleski, the founder of Funny Farm, with a check for $320.
It just snowballed from there. He has collected 2 ,639 canned goods for a local food pantry, collected $560 for the True Spirit Coalition, $1,500 for SurfAid, $150 for Heart of Surfing—which offers free lessons to children with autism and developmental disabilities—and $150 for the Humane Society of Atlantic County. Carter even cleans up trash he finds on the beach or in the water during his daily surfs.
Even during snowstorms and hurricanes, Carter continues to surf. His father, Andrew, is a lieutenant (中尉) with the Atlantic City Fire Department. He evaluates the waves, currents, and weather to ensure Carter stays safe.
Carter's goal is to do good and to encourage other kids to try to help others. “It feels good to help people,” Carter says. “You’re never too little to help, never too little to make a difference.
4．How did Carter learn surfing?
A．By following his father’s guidance. B．By watching videos.
C．By learning on his own. D．By attending surfing class.5．What do the numbers mentioned in paragraph 5 show?
A．Carter’s donation plans. B．Carter’s fundraising goals.
C．Carter’s fundraising efforts. D．Carter’s surfing skills.6．What does Andrew do to guarantee Carter’s safety?
A．He surfs together with Carter.
B．He assesses the surfing conditions.
C．He provides him with advanced equipment.
D．He monitors Carter’s surfing process.7．Which can best describe Carter?
A．Caring and determined. B．Outgoing and adventurous.
C．Humorous and kind. D．Stubborn and curious.
Climate change, pesticides and land use changes alone cannot fully explain the decline in insect populations in Germany. Scientists from the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (ICB) have now discovered that regions that have experienced a sharp decline in flying insects also have high levels of light pollution.
The biomass (生物量) of flying insects has decreased by more than 75 per cent — this alarming figure made front page news in autumn 2017. The study, published in 2017, analyzed trends in biomass of flying insects in selected protected areas within agricultural landscapes over the last 27 years, and concluded that changes of climate and habitat are to blame for the decline in insect populations. At the same time, they pointed out that these impacts alone are unable to explain this dramatic decline.
The scientists analyzed all recent studies on the effects of artificial light at night on insects, and found that there is strong evidence to suggest a credible link between light pollution and declines in insect populations. For example, flying insects are attracted by artificial light — and, at the same time, are removed from other ecosystems — and die from exhaustion or as easy prey.
A decline in insect populations in agricultural areas not only means a decline in species diversity, but also endangers important ecosystem services. Also, changes in the occurrence and behaviour of pests such as aphids or their enemies such as beetles and spiders can disturb the balance of this well-tuned system. Furthermore, artificial light at night may also have a direct impact on the growth and flowering time of plants, and therefore on yield.
The overview study shows that artificial light at night is widely present and can have complex impacts in agricultural areas, with unknown consequences for biodiversity and crop production. Thus, light pollution should be generally considered as a potential ecosystem disturbance in future studies to identify ways in which practical steps can be taken to reduce environmental concerns.
8．What is the new finding of IGB?
A．There is an insect decline in Germany.
B．Light pollution may cause an insect decline.
C．Artificial light at night is widely present.
D．Climate change is a reason for the insect decline.9．What did the study lasting 27 years focus on?
A．The impacts of light pollution. B．The varieties of flying insects.
C．The reasons for climate changes. D．The population of flying insects.10．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The cause of insect decline.
B．The areas experiencing insect decline.
C．The consequence of insect decline.
D．The species suffering from insect decline.11．In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A．Environment. B．Health. C．Technology. D．Society.
Pioneers of the research that led to one of the first COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) say breakthroughs made in their studies could point the way toward developing a potential vaccine against cancer before the end of the decade. In a BBC interview, husband and wife team Ugur Sahin and Ozlem Tureci, co-founders of BioNTech, said technology they had developed could be repurposed to help the immune system respond to cancer cells.
The mRNA COVID-19 vaccine causes cells to create spike proteins (刺突蛋白), which warn the body’s immune system about things to look out for and to attack. It is hoped that this could be reworked using proteins found in cancer tumor (肿瘤) cells, causing a similar bodily defensive action.
BioNTech was founded in 2008 specifically to work on cancer treatments. “From the very beginning, our focus has always been on exploiting the full potential of the body’s immune system to successfully help address cancer and infectious diseases,” says the company website.
“As scientists we are always hesitant to say we will have a cure for cancer,” said Tureci. “We have a number of breakthroughs and we will continue to work on them. This will also definitely accelerate our cancer vaccine.”
She added that “the dream” was for a way to be found to enable the body to recognize a cancer tumor as a foreign element, in the same way it had dealt with COVID-19, and to respond accordingly, so that the immune system could be trained to hunt down the rogue presence. “You’re training the immune system like a smart bomb, in a way, to see those differences and kill that tumor cell,” she continued.
“What made the potential breakthrough even more exciting,” she said, “was that any treatment could be personalized to work on an individual cancer patient’s specific circumstances.” “You can take someone who’s got cancer, take their own tumor and make an RNA vaccine out of that and strengthen their own immune system specifically against their own tumor. That’s a really wonderful thing to see,” she added.
12．What is the function of spike proteins?
A．Preventing certain tumors developing.
B．Providing nutrition for the immune system.
C．Checking possibly developed tumors.
D．Sending warning information to the immune system.13．What does the underlined part “rogue presence” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Cancer tumor. B．Smart bomb. C．Cancer vaccine. D．Spike protein.14．What may the breakthrough lead to?
A．Increasing the knowledge of causes of cancers.
B．Studying the conditions under which a cancer forms.
C．Finding some practical means to prevent COVID-19.
D．Developing personalized vaccines for cancer patients.15．What may be a suitable title for the text?
A．A potential breakthrough made researchers excited.
B．COVID-19 research offers hope for cancer treatment.
C．Scientists may hesitate to announce a cure for cancer.
D．Immune system looks out for and attack cancer tumors.
二、七选五
Keeping a schedule for your day will help you manage your time more efficiently. 16 Scheduling your day allows you to self- regulate and track your own behavior by keeping records of what you need to do and have done.
Obtain a calendar or planner. Make sure the calendar has appropriate space for you to list your tasks. Some calendars offer weekly, daily, or hourly planners. A notebook can also be used. Choose whatever best suits your wants and needs. Whatever you choose, commit to your choice. Do not try to have one planner for work, one for school, etc. 17
Organize your tasks. Electronic calendars allow you to mark tasks in different colors. For example, you can color work-related things red, school-related things blue, housework green, vacations orange, and exercise pink. 18 Simply use colored pens or pencils or highlighters. Once you’ve differentiated the different types of tasks you need to schedule, you can work to prioritize them.
Schedule a time for each task. 19 For example, you may have scheduled time in a given day to study (2 hours), work out (1 hour), write two emails (30 minutes), and walk the dog (30 minutes). It’s key to allow you the necessary amount of time to complete each task; you’ll only stress yourself out if you schedule yourself too tightly and aren’t realistic about the amount of time things take.
20 Keep some free space at the bottom of your schedule for low-priority things coming up later in the week. If you have time today or at any other point during your week, you can begin working on those items to get ahead. These additional tasks might include going through your closet or organizing your tax filing system at home.
A．Mark your prioritized tasks.
B．Leave space in your schedule.
C．Everything should be in one place.
D．Write how long you expect to spend on each task.
E．You can get more done and are less likely to forget tasks.
F．Most people generally underestimate the amount of time tasks take.
G．You can also do this easily if you’re using a paper calendar or notebook.
三、完形填空
Lexy and Austin Burke are familiar faces on TikTok. They are known for their 21 , such as giving back to their community in Nashville. They were heading for lunch one day when a young boy 22 them. In the middle of a heatwave, the boy was 23 lemonade on the side of the road.
The couple 24 knew in their hearts that the boy needed help. They told the boy, whose name is Niko, that they’d come back in one hour. They asked him to 25 them and promised him it would be 26 . Without knowing a thing about them, he 27 . The couple were so 28 by what they saw and posted his video on their “Venmo Challenge” on TikTok, where Lexy's 29 send money to her Venmo account. She uses this money to 30 servers and film their 31 . This time, they wanted to help the boy, who didn't 32 the extreme heat of the sun to make some money.
In just 2 hours, the couple 33 $1,100 in total. They wanted to surprise Niko with their 34 gift. When the couple came back to buy the boy’s lemonade, Lexy asked Niko if he was trying to collect money for anything. He said he was on a soccer team and that they were 35 to compete in Portugal. 36 , Niko’s family did not have a lot of money so he thought of setting up a lemonade stand.
The couple bought three-dollar lemonade from Niko and he was so 37 when they gave him a $1,100 tip. Niko could not believe his 38 .“You guys just helped me go to Portugal,” he said.
Austin 39 , “Seeing how hard this kid was working in such hot weather is a type of work lesson you can't teach. Niko is an extraordinarily special kid with big 40 and that’s something Lexy and I understand all too well.”
21．A．education B．occupations C．efforts D．wealth
22．A．attracted B．spotted C．disturbed D．approached
23．A．sending B．selling C．selecting D．buying
24．A．eagerly B．secretly C．excitedly D．instantly
25．A．look after B．know about C．wait for D．learn from
26．A．suitable B．convenient C．worthwhile D．legal
27．A．hesitated B．agreed C．insisted D．explained
28．A．inspired B．discouraged C．confused D．amused
29．A．teams B．followers C．students D．colleagues
30．A．tip B．free C．employ D．trick
31．A．challenges B．grades C．reactions D．comments
32．A．tolerate B．overlook C．notice D．mind
33．A．exchanged B．spent C．counted D．raised
34．A．heartfelt B．familiar C．handmade D．extra
35．A．recognized B．invited C．urged D．refused
36．A．Sadly B．Honestly C．Fortunately D．Suddenly
37．A．disappointed B．ashamed C．scared D．shocked
38．A．progress B．view C．luck D．invention
39．A．continued B．imagined C．promised D．shared
40．A．trouble B．dreams C．achievements D．wisdom
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Two giant pandas 41 (arrive) at Hamad International Airport in Doha, capital of Qatar(卡塔尔) on Wednesday morning, on a special flight from China. They will remain in Qatar for 15 years.
“It is the first time giant pandas have traveled to the Middle East,” the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda said. The center has also sent breeders and veterinary( 兽医) experts to help the giant pandas adapt 42 the new environment.
The Qatari government has built 43 giant panda hall. The two giant pandas will enjoy an air-conditioned sports ground, an indoor exhibition hall 44 a separate “bedroom”. In addition, 45 (guarantee) that the giant pandas can have a comfortable environment, the Qatari government has also prepared much equipment, such as nursery rooms.
More than a month ago, physical examination of the two giant pandas 46 (carry) out and they were in 47 (fair) good health.
China also sent expert 48 (group) to Qatar for on-site guidance and assessment of the venues to assist Qatar in 49 (establish) a giant panda breeding management team.
In May, 2020, China and Qatar signed a cooperation 50 (agree) on giant panda conservation and research to promote the conservation of endangered species and biodiversity.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A hobby is nothing but a gentle and pleasant occupation being designed to free the tired brain for the burden of the main task. I had a favorite hobby, which is riding a bicycle. It is my favorite sport to do wherever I have free time. It is a good exercise improve relationships between family members and friends. Most of the time I cycle with my best friend. I think the benefits of it are numerous not just for the person cycled but for the environment. It’s a hobby what promotes the brain activity and reduce CO2 release. It’s also an fun outdoor activity that can stimulate the senses dulled by staying indoor.
六、开放性作文
52．假定你是李华，你班近期开展了以What makes a good teenager in the New Era?为题的讨论。请你就此写一篇短文向英文校刊投稿，内容包括：
1.讨论结果；
2.你的观点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
What makes a good teenager in the New Era?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些名人所著的书籍。
1．细节理解题。根据“Tomatoes for Neela”中的“Lakshmi explores family recipes, intergenerational cooking, and the humble tomato in her new picture book(Lakshmi在她的新绘本中探索了家庭食谱、代际烹饪和不起眼的番茄)”可知，作者探索家庭食谱、几代人的烹饪以及不起眼的番茄，因此本书是关于烹饪的书，故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据“The World Needs More Purple People by Kristen Bell and Benjamin Hart”部分的“by Kristen Bell and Benjamin Hart(克里斯汀·贝尔和本杰明·哈特著)”可知，本书是两位作者共同编写，其他三本书都只有一个作者，故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But it may surprise you to learn that some of your favorite actors, singers, and comedians have another talent—they are also authors. We’re sharing some of our favorite picture books by those people(但你可能会惊讶地发现，你最喜欢的一些演员、歌手和喜剧演员还有另一种天赋——他们也是作家。我们正在分享这些人最喜欢的一些图画书)”可知，这四本书的作者都是除了是作家之外，他们有其他的身份，故选C项。
4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了新泽西冲浪少年卡特，通过冲浪筹钱做慈善的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Carter taught himself to surf at five and put the hobby to work during the pandemic lockdown when local playgrounds, hockey courts, and skate parks were closed- -but the beach was open.（卡特五岁时自学冲浪，并在疫情封锁期间将这项爱好付诸实践，当时当地的游乐场、曲棍球场和滑板公园都关闭了，但海滩是开放的）”可知，卡特是自学冲浪的。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“It just snowballed from there. He has collected 2 ,639 canned goods for a local food pantry, collected $560 for the True Spirit Coalition, $1,500 for SurfAid, $150 for Heart of Surfing—which offers free lessons to children with autism and developmental disabilities—and $150 for the Humane Society of Atlantic County. Carter even cleans up trash he finds on the beach or in the water during his daily surfs.（事情就像滚雪球一样越滚越大。他为当地的食品储藏室收集了2639个罐头食品，为the True Spirit Coalition筹集了560美元，为SurfAid筹集了1500美元，为Heart of Surfing筹集了150美元——该组织为患有自闭症和发育障碍的儿童提供免费课程——并为大西洋县人道协会筹集了150美元。卡特甚至在他每天冲浪时清理他在海滩上或水中发现的垃圾）”可推论出，该部分的这些数字显示卡特为筹款做出很大的努力。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第六段的最后一句“He evaluates the waves, currents, and weather to ensure Carter stays safe.（他评估海浪、洋流和天气，以确保卡特的安全）”可知，安德鲁评估冲浪的条件以确保卡特的安全。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“For the past two years, 11-year-old Carter Doorley has put on his wetsuit and hit the waves every day. The fifth-grader from Brigantine, New Jersey, uses his surfing to raise money for charity—often surfing a wave for every dollar donated to his fundraisers.(在过去的两年里，11岁的卡特·道利每天都穿上他的潜水服去冲浪。这位来自新泽西州布里甘特市的五年级学生利用冲浪为慈善事业筹集资金——通常，每向募捐者捐赠一美元，他就会冲浪一次。)”和第二段的“Then he kept going—on May 24, he will have surfed 730 days in a row.(然后他继续前进——到5月24日，他将连续冲浪730天。)”可知，卡特通过冲浪筹钱做慈善，并且坚持了730天，为很多项目筹集物资，由此可推知，他富有爱心并且意志坚定。故选A项。
8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。来自IGB的科学家们现在发现，严重的光污染可能导致飞虫数量急剧下降。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Scientists from the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) have now discovered that regions that have experienced a sharp decline in flying insects also have high levels of light pollution.(莱布尼茨淡水生态学和内陆渔业研究所（ICB）的科学家们现在发现，飞虫数量急剧下降的地区也存在严重的光污染)”可知，ICB的科学家们现在发现，飞虫数量急剧减少的地区也存在严重的光污染。由此可知，光污染可能导致飞虫数量减少。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段的“The study, published in 2017, analyzed trends in biomass of flying insects in selected protected areas within agricultural landscapes over the last 27 years.(这项于2017年发表的研究分析了过去27年间农业景观中选定保护区内飞虫生物量的变化趋势)”可知，为期27年的研究关注的是飞虫的种群数量。故选D。
3.主旨大意题。根据第四段“A decline in insect populations in agricultural areas not only means a decline in species diversity, but also endangers important ecosystem services. Also, changes in the occurrence and behaviour of pests such as aphids or their enemies such as beetles and spiders can disturb the balance of this well-tuned system. Furthermore, artificial light at night may also have a direct impact on the growth and flowering time of plants, and therefore on yield.(农业地区昆虫数量的减少不仅意味着物种多样性的下降，而且还危及重要的生态系统服务。此外，害虫如蚜虫或其天敌如甲虫和蜘蛛的发生和行为的变化可能会扰乱这个良好调节系统的平衡。此外，夜间人工照明也可能直接影响植物的生长和开花时间，从而影响产量)”可知，本段主要介绍了昆虫数量减少的后果。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Scientists from the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) have now discovered that regions that have experienced a sharp decline in flying insects also have high levels of light pollution.(莱布尼茨淡水生态学和内陆渔业研究所（ICB）的科学家们现在发现，飞虫数量急剧下降的地区也存在严重的光污染)”可知，本文介绍了来自IGB的科学家们现在发现，严重的光污染可能导致飞虫数量急剧下降。由此推知，本文可能出自报纸的《环境》专栏。故选A。
12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了研发出首批COVID-19疫苗的科学家们取得的突破可能有助于开发出一种潜在的抗癌疫苗。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The mRNA COVID-19 vaccine causes cells to create spike proteins (刺突蛋白), which warn the body’s immune system about things to look out for and to attack. (mRNA COVID-19疫苗使细胞产生刺突蛋白，它能预警身体的免疫系统需要注意和攻击的东西)”可知，刺突蛋白的作用是向免疫系统发送预警信息。故选D项。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词前定冠词the可知，rogue presence是特指，是前面提到过的某物；结合前文“She added that “the dream” was for a way to be found to enable the body to recognize a cancer tumor as a foreign element, in the same way it had dealt with COVID-19, and to respond accordingly, so that the immune system could be trained to hunt down the rogue presence. (她补充说，“梦想”是找到一种方法，使身体能够识别癌症肿瘤为外来因素，就像它处理COVID-19一样，并做出相应的反应，这样免疫系统就可以被训练来追捕the rogue presence)”中“in the same way it had dealt with COVID-19”和“hunt down”可推知，the rogue presence是免疫系统要去追捕并处理的对象，即上文中的cancer tumor“癌症肿瘤”。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““What made the potential breakthrough even more exciting,” she said, “was that any treatment could be personalized to work on an individual cancer patient’s specific circumstances.” “You can take someone who’s got cancer, take their own tumor and make an RNA vaccine out of that and strengthen their own immune system specifically against their own tumor. That’s a really wonderful thing to see,” she added. (“让这个潜在突破更令人兴奋的是，”她说，“任何治疗方法都可以针对个别癌症患者的具体情况进行个性化治疗。”“你可以找一个癌症患者，取出他们自己的肿瘤，用RNA疫苗来增强他们自己的免疫系统，专门针对他们自己的肿瘤。这真是一件非常美妙的事情，”她补充道。)”可推知，这一突破可能会带来针对个别癌症患者的具体情况的个性化癌症疫苗。故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Pioneers of the research that led to one of the first COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) say breakthroughs made in their studies could point the way toward developing a potential vaccine against cancer before the end of the decade. In a BBC interview, husband and wife team Ugur Sahin and Ozlem Tureci, co-founders of BioNTech, said technology they had developed could be repurposed to help the immune system respond to cancer cells. (研发出首批COVID-19疫苗之一的研究先驱表示，他们的研究取得的突破可能为在2020年前开发出一种潜在的抗癌疫苗指明道路。在接受BBC采访时，BioNTech公司的联合创始人乌格尔·沙欣和奥兹勒姆·图雷西夫妇表示，他们开发的技术可以重新用于帮助免疫系统对癌细胞做出反应)”可知，文章报道了研发出首批COVID-19疫苗的科学家们取得的突破可能有助于开发出一种潜在的抗癌疫苗，所以“COVID-19 research offers hope for cancer treatment. (COVID-19研究为癌症治疗带来希望)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
16．E 17．C 18．G 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些充分利用学习时间的建议。
16．根据前文“Keeping a schedule for your day will help you manage your time more efficiently.( 每天制定一个时间表将帮助你更有效地管理你的时间)”可知，制定一个时间表，你会更有效地管理时间，你就可以做得更多，也不太可能忘记任务或分心。因此推断E项“你可以做得更多的工作，也不太可能忘记任务”符合文意，故选E。
17．前文“Whatever you choose, commit to your choice. Do not try to have one planner for work, one for school, etc.( 无论你选择什么，都要坚持你的选择。不要试图为工作制定一个计划，为学习制定一个计划，等等)”讲述制定一个计划，不要制定过多的计划，因此推断C项“所有东西都应该放在一个地方”符合语境，进一步解释要制定一个计划表，讲所有计划都放在上面。故选C。
18．前文“Electronic calendars allow you to mark tasks in different colors. For example, you can color work-related things red, school-related things blue, housework green, vacations orange, and exercise pink.( 电子日历让你用不同的颜色标记任务。例如，你可以把与工作有关的东西涂成红色，把与学校有关的东西涂成蓝色，把家务涂成绿色，把假期涂成橙色，把锻炼涂成粉红色。)”讲述在电子日历上使用不同颜色标记不同任务，下文“Simply use colored pens or pencils or highlighters.( 简单地使用彩色钢笔、铅笔或荧光笔)”讲述了另一种标记方式，因此推断空处提到了另一种记录方式，因此推断G项“如果你使用纸质日历或笔记本，你也可以很容易地做到这一点”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。
19．根据首句“Schedule a time for each task.( 为每项任务安排一个时间)”可知，本段讲述时间安排，下文“For example, you may have scheduled time in a given day to study (2 hours), work out (1 hour), write two emails (30 minutes), and walk the dog (30 minutes).(例如，你可以在一天中安排时间学习(2小时)，锻炼(1小时)，写两封邮件(30分钟)，遛狗(30分钟)。)”举例说明如何安排时间，每项任务花费多长时间，因此推断D项“写下你预计在每项任务上花费的时间”符合语境，开启下文。故选D。
20．空处是段落主旨。根据下文“Keep some free space at the bottom of your schedule for low-priority things coming up later in the week. If you have time today or at any other point during your week，you can begin working on those items to get ahead. These additional tasks might include going through your closet or organizing your tax filing system at home.(在你的日程表底部留一些空闲的空间来处理本周晚些时候不重要的事情。如果你今天或这周的其他时间有时间，你可以开始做这些事情来取得进展。这些额外的任务可能包括整理你的衣柜或在家里整理你的税务申报系统。)”可知，本段建议在你的计划表上留出空间记录其他不太重要的事情，因此推断B项“在你的日程安排中留下空间”为最佳标题。故选B。
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．A 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．D 40．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了夫妇二人看到Niko大热天在路边摆摊卖柠檬水，只为能够到葡萄牙参加比赛，于是夫妇二人在抖音上发布视频帮助Niko圆梦的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们以自己的努力而闻名，比如回馈纳什维尔的社区。A. education教育；B. occupations职业；C. efforts努力；D. wealth财富。根据下文“giving back to their community in Nashville(回馈纳什维尔的社区)”可知，这是他们做出的努力，故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，他们正要去吃午饭，一个小男孩吸引了他们。A. attracted吸引；B. spotted看见；C. disturbed打扰；D. approached靠近。根据下文“In the middle of a heatwave, the boy was selling lemonade on the side of the road.(在热浪中，男孩在路边卖柠檬水)”可知，大热天男孩子在路边卖柠檬水，吸引了作者的注意，故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在热浪中，男孩在路边卖柠檬水。A. sending发送；B. selling卖；C. selecting选择；D. buying买。根据下文“knew in their hearts that the boy needed help(他们心里感受到这个男孩需要帮助)”可推理出，男孩在路边卖柠檬水，故选B项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇立刻从心里知道这个男孩需要帮助。A. eagerly渴望地；B. secretly秘密地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. instantly立刻。根据下文“They told the boy, whose name is Niko, that they’d come back in one hour.(他们告诉那个叫Niko的男孩，他们一小时后回来)”可知，这对夫妇看见大热天在路边卖柠檬水的男孩，告知男孩他们一小时后回来。由此可推理出，这对夫妇一看见男孩就立刻感受到了男孩需要帮助，故选D项。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们让他等他们，并向他保证这是值得的。A. look after照顾；B. know about了解；C. wait for等待；D. learn from向……学习。根据上文“they’d come back in one hour(他们一小时后回来)”可推理出，夫妇让男孩等他们，故选C项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. suitable合适的；B. convenient方便的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. legal合法的。根据下文“The couple bought three-dollar lemonade from Niko and he was so shock when they gave him a $1,100 tip(这对夫妇从Niko那里买了三美元的柠檬水，当他们给他1100美元的小费时，他非常震惊)”可推理出，夫妇向男孩承诺等待是值得的，故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在对他们一无所知的情况下，他同意了。A. hesitated犹豫；B. agreed同意；C. insisted坚持；D. explained解释。根据下文“The couple bought three-dollar lemonade from Niko and he was so shock when they gave him a $1,100 tip(这对夫妇从Niko那里买了三美元的柠檬水，当他们给他1100美元的小费时，他非常震惊)”可知，男孩一直等到夫妇回来。由此可推理出，男孩同意了夫妇的请求，故选B项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇受他们所见的触动，并在TikTok上的“Venmo挑战”上发布了Lexy的视频，Lexy的追随者在视频中向她的Venmo账户汇款。A. inspired受到触动的；B. discouraged垂头丧气的；C. confused糊涂的；D. amused感到好笑的。根据下文“what they saw(他们看到的)”可知，夫妇因他们看到的而受到触动，决定帮助他，故选A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. teams团队；B. followers追随者；C. students学生；D. colleagues同事。根据下文“send money to her Venmo account(向她的Venmo账户汇款)”可知，向她的Venmo账户汇款的人看了视频。由此可推理出，这些人是她的追随者，故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用这笔钱给服务人员小费，并拍摄他们的回应。A. tip给小费；B. free使摆脱；C. employ雇佣；D. trick欺骗。根据上文“She uses this money(她用这笔钱)”以及下文“server(服务人员)”可推理出，使用这笔钱给服务人员付小费，故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. challenges挑战；B. grades等级；C. reactions反应；回应；D. comments评论。根据上文“film(拍摄)”可知，她用这笔钱给服务人员小费。由此可推理出，她付给服务人员小费后，把服务人员对此的回应拍摄下来，故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，他们想帮助这个男孩，他不介意太阳的酷热来赚钱。A. tolerate忍受；B. overlook忽视；C. notice注意；D. mind介意。根据下文“the extreme heat of the sun to make some money(……太阳的酷热来赚钱)”可推理出，此处上下文说的是不介意太阳的酷热来赚钱，故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短短两个小时内，这对夫妇总共筹到了1100美元。A. exchanged交换；B. spent花费；C. counted数；D. raised筹集。根据下文“$1,100 in total(1100美元)”可推理出，这是夫妇筹集的资金，故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想用他们贴心的礼物给Niko一个惊喜。A. heartfelt贴心的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. handmade手工的；D. extra额外的。根据下文“You guys just helped me go to Portugal(你们帮我去了葡萄牙)”可知，这是男孩内心所需的礼物，可推理出空白处应填表示“贴心的”含义的形容词，故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说自己是一支足球队的队员，他们被邀请到葡萄牙参加比赛。A. recognized认出；B. invited邀请；C. urged催促；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“to compete in Portugal(到葡萄牙参加比赛)”可推理出，他们被邀请到葡萄牙参加比赛，故选B项。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，Niko的家人没有很多钱，所以他想建立一个柠檬水摊。A. Sadly令人遗憾地；B. Honestly诚实地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Suddenly突然。根据下文“Niko’s family did not have a lot of money so he thought of setting up a lemonade stand(Niko的家人没有很多钱，所以他想建立一个柠檬水摊)”可知，Niko应邀到葡萄牙参加比赛，但家人没有很多钱，对此感到遗憾，故选A项。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇从Niko那里买了三美元的柠檬水，当他们给他1100美元的小费时，他非常震惊。A. disappointed感到失望的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. scared恐惧的；D. shocked感到震惊的。根据下文“Niko could not believe his luck(Niko不敢相信自己的运气)”以及下文“You guys just helped me go to Portugal(你们帮我去了葡萄牙)”可知，男孩对此感到震惊，故选D项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Niko不敢相信自己的运气。A. progress进步；B. view看法；C. luck运气；D. invention发明。根据上文“they gave him a $1,100 tip(他们给他1100美元的小费)”以及“You guys just helped me go to Portugal(你们帮我去了葡萄牙)”可知，男孩对此感到无法相信，认为这是运气，故选C项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥斯汀分享道：“看到这个孩子在这么热的天气里工作有多辛苦，这是一堂你无法教的工作课。A. continued继续；B. imagined想象；C. promised承诺；D. shared分享。根据下文“Seeing how hard this kid was working in such hot weather is a type of work lesson you can't teach(看到这个孩子在这么热的天气里工作有多辛苦，这是一堂你无法教的工作课)”可知，这是奥斯汀说的话，故选D项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Niko是一个非常特别的孩子，有着远大的梦想，这是Lexy和我非常理解到的。A. trouble麻烦；B. dreams梦想；C. achievements成就；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“He said he was on a soccer team and that they were invited to compete in Portugal. Sadly, Niko’s family did not have a lot of money so he thought of setting up a lemonade stand.( 他说自己是一支足球队的队员，他们被邀请到葡萄牙参加比赛。遗憾的是，Niko的家人没有很多钱，所以他想设立一个柠檬水摊)”可知，Niko是一个有远大梦想的孩子，故选B项。
41．arrived 42．to 43．a/one 44．and 45．to guarantee 46．was carried 47．fairly 48．groups 49．establishing 50．agreement
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国将两只大熊猫送往卡塔尔，这两只大熊猫预计将在卡塔尔待15年。
41．考查时态。句意：两只大熊猫于周三上午到达了卡达尔首都的多哈哈马德机场。根据时间状语Wednesday morning可知，此处应用一般过去时，且pandas与arrive之前为主动关系，故填arrived。
42．考查介词。句意：这个中心也送了饲养员和专家去帮助大熊猫适应新的环境。根据句意可知，此处意为“适应”，表达为adapt to，故填to。
43．考查冠词。句意：卡达尔政府也修建了大熊猫馆。此处泛指“一个大熊猫馆”，故应用不定冠词，且giant以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a，或表示“一个”，也可用one，故填a/one。
44．考查连词。句意：这两只大熊猫将会在装有空调的运动场里生活，另外还有一个室内的展览厅和一个独立的“卧室”。此处表示列举，应用and连接列举事物，且此处意为“和”，故填and。
45．考查不定式。句意：为了保证熊猫能有个舒适的环境，卡塔尔政府也准备了很多设备，比如说哺乳室。此处表示目的，故应用不定式，故填to guarantee。
46．考查语态。句意：一个多月前，给这两只大熊猫进行了体检，它们都十分健康。此处examination为主语，是单数，与carry out之间为被动关系，且时间状语为“more than a month ago”，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词使用was，故填was carried。
47．考查副词。句意：同上。此处修饰形容词“good”，故应用副词“fairly十分地”作状语，故填fairly。
48．考查名词的数。句意：中国也派送了专业的团队去卡达尔现场指导和评估，协助卡达尔组建大熊猫繁育管理团队。根据句意可知，此处意为“专家组”，表示复数，故应用名词的复数形式作宾语，故填groups。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处空前为介词in，故应用动名词作宾语，故填establishing。
50．考查名词。句意：2020年5月，中国和卡塔尔签署了大熊猫保护与研究合作协议，以促进濒危动物和生物多样性的保护。此处意为“就……达成一致”，表达为sign an agreement on…，故此处应用名词“agreement协议”作宾语，且空前有冠词，故此处应用名词的单数形式，故填agreement。
51．1.删除being
2.for→from/of
3.had→have
4.wherever→whenever
5.improve前加to
6.cycled→cycling
7.what→that /which
8.reduce→reduces
9.an→a
10.indoor→indoors
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者最喜欢的爱好是骑行，文章主要介绍了骑行的好处。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：业余爱好不过是一种温和愉快的职业，旨在使疲惫的大脑从主要任务的负担中解脱出来。非谓语动词design和名词occupation是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表示完成，being dsigned是现在分词的被动式，表示“正在被设计”，不合句意，故删除being。
2.考查介词。句意：业余爱好不过是一种温和愉快的职业，旨在使疲惫的大脑从主要任务的负担中解脱出来。free...from/of固定搭配，表示“使……摆脱”，故将for改为from/of。
3.考查时态。句意：我有一个最喜欢的爱好，那就是骑自行车。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是I，动词have应用原形，故将had改为have。
4.考查状语从句连接词。句意：无论何时我有空，我就会做我最喜欢的运动。此处表示“无论何时”，应用whenever引导让步状语从句，wherever表示“无论哪里”，不合句意，故将wherever改为whenever。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：这是改善家庭成员和朋友之间关系的一个很好的锻炼形式。句中有谓语is，前后无连词，此处improve应用非谓语动词作后置定语，且表示目的，应用不定式作后置定语，故在improve前加to。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为它不仅对骑行的人，而且还对环境带来很多好处。cycle是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰person，且二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故将cycled改为cycling。
7.考查定语从句。句意：这是一个促进大脑活动和减少二氧化碳释放的爱好。“promotes the brain activity and reduce CO2 release.”是关系词引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hobby，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which来引导，故将what改为that/which。
8.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一个促进大脑活动和减少二氧化碳释放的爱好。定语从句主语that/which，指代先行词a hobby，为单数意义，且句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，所以谓语动词应用三单形式，reduces和promotes是并列谓语，故将reduce改为reduces。
9.考查冠词。句意：这也是一个有趣的户外活动，可以刺激因待在室内而迟钝的感官。此处泛指一个有趣的户外活动，应用不定冠词来修饰，且fun发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故将an改为a。
10.考查副词。句意：这也是一个有趣的户外活动，可以刺激因待在室内而迟钝的感官。此处应用副词indoors修饰动词stay，表示“在户外”。故将indoor改为indoors。
52．What makes a good teenager in the New Era?
To thoroughly understand what makes a good teenager in the New Era, students in our class held a discussion about the subject.
Firstly, most students agree that a good teenager in the New Era should devote himself to study. Secondly, many students consider it necessary to be positive, kind and helpful and a teenager possessing the two qualities always respects the aged and loves the young. Last but not least, a good teenager in the New Era should be faithful to the country and people, which is the basic principle.
In my opinion, apart from what is mentioned by my classmates, physical and mental health is of equal importance to a good teenager in the New Era.
【导语】本文是一篇投稿。要求考生以李华的身份就你班近期开展了以What makes a good teenager in the New Era?为题的讨论写一篇短文向英文校刊投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
理解：understand→ comprehend
讨论：discussion → conference
同意：agree→ consent
有益的：be helpful→ be beneficial
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：Firstly, most students agree that a good teenager in the New Era should devote himself to study.
拓展句：Firstly, what most students agree is that a good teenager in the New Era should devote himself to study.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To thoroughly understand what makes a good teenager in the New Era, students in our class held a discussion about the subject.（动词不定式做目的状语）
【高分句型2】Last but not least, a good teenager in the New Era should be faithful to the country and people, which is the basic principle.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
2023届河南省名校大联考阶段性测试（六）三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
We tend to put celebrities in boxes. There’s the person who makes us laugh, the one who makes us cry, and the one who always wears the outrageous outfit. But it may surprise you to learn that some of your favorite actors, singers, and comedians have another talent—they are also authors. We’re sharing some of our favorite picture books by those people.
The Spectacular Tale of Peter Rabbit by Emma Thompson
It's a bit unfair that Emma Thompson is so unbelievably talented, but then again, because she is, we have more Peter Rabbit to love. Building on Beatrix Potter’s classic tales, Emma Thompson brings the naughty Peter to life for another generation.
Tomatoes for Neela by Padma Lakshmi
Best known for her role as the host of Top Chef and her best-selling cookbooks, Padma Lakshmi has long encouraged children to help in the kitchen. Lakshmi explores family recipes, intergenerational cooking, and the humble tomato in her new picture book.
The World Needs More Purple People by Kristen Bell and Benjamin Hart
I might argue that the world needs more episodes of The Good Place, but I suppose a picture book by its star Kristen Bell will have to do instead. Bell encourages kids to become “purple people”, the people who know who they are and accept others for who they are and, as a result, build more harmonious, loving communities. That sounds like a worthy goal to me.
My Little Brave Girl by Hilary Duff
Every little girl (and even big ones) can use encouragement to be brave, embrace all that the world offers, and remember the vast possibilities available to her. Inspired by her daughter, Hilary Duff delivers a lovely, beautifully illustrated book that provides that reminder.
1．What is Tomatoes for Neela about?
A．Cooking. B．Acting. C．Farming. D．Drawing.2．What is special about The World Needs More Purple People?
A．It is a best-selling book. B．Two authors created it together.
C．It encourages kids to help cook. D．Its writer is especially talented.3．What do the four books have in common?
A．They make readers laugh. B．They are written for girls.
C．Their authors have other identities. D．They are adapted from classics.
For the past two years, 11-year-old Carter Doorley has put on his wetsuit and hit the waves every day. The fifth-grader from Brigantine, New Jersey, uses his surfing to raise money for charity—often surfing a wave for every dollar donated to his fundraisers.
Carter taught himself to surf at five and put the hobby to work during the pandemic lockdown when local playgrounds, hockey courts, and skate parks were closed- -but the beach was open. Carter told his mom he wanted to try to surf every day for 100 days in a row. Then he kept going—on May 24, he will have surfed 730 days in a row.
“It blows my mind,” says his mom, Dawn Doorley, 43, who documents Carter’s surfs on Instagram.
On November 5,2020, when Carter learned that the nonprofit Funny Farm Rescue & Animal Sanctuary needed money—he started a fundraiser for the rescue and promised to surf a wave for every dollar donated. At the end of the fundraiser and several surf sessions later, Carter presented Laurie Zaleski, the founder of Funny Farm, with a check for $320.
It just snowballed from there. He has collected 2 ,639 canned goods for a local food pantry, collected $560 for the True Spirit Coalition, $1,500 for SurfAid, $150 for Heart of Surfing—which offers free lessons to children with autism and developmental disabilities—and $150 for the Humane Society of Atlantic County. Carter even cleans up trash he finds on the beach or in the water during his daily surfs.
Even during snowstorms and hurricanes, Carter continues to surf. His father, Andrew, is a lieutenant (中尉) with the Atlantic City Fire Department. He evaluates the waves, currents, and weather to ensure Carter stays safe.
Carter's goal is to do good and to encourage other kids to try to help others. “It feels good to help people,” Carter says. “You’re never too little to help, never too little to make a difference.
4．How did Carter learn surfing?
A．By following his father’s guidance. B．By watching videos.
C．By learning on his own. D．By attending surfing class.5．What do the numbers mentioned in paragraph 5 show?
A．Carter’s donation plans. B．Carter’s fundraising goals.
C．Carter’s fundraising efforts. D．Carter’s surfing skills.6．What does Andrew do to guarantee Carter’s safety?
A．He surfs together with Carter.
B．He assesses the surfing conditions.
C．He provides him with advanced equipment.
D．He monitors Carter’s surfing process.7．Which can best describe Carter?
A．Caring and determined. B．Outgoing and adventurous.
C．Humorous and kind. D．Stubborn and curious.
Climate change, pesticides and land use changes alone cannot fully explain the decline in insect populations in Germany. Scientists from the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (ICB) have now discovered that regions that have experienced a sharp decline in flying insects also have high levels of light pollution.
The biomass (生物量) of flying insects has decreased by more than 75 per cent — this alarming figure made front page news in autumn 2017. The study, published in 2017, analyzed trends in biomass of flying insects in selected protected areas within agricultural landscapes over the last 27 years, and concluded that changes of climate and habitat are to blame for the decline in insect populations. At the same time, they pointed out that these impacts alone are unable to explain this dramatic decline.
The scientists analyzed all recent studies on the effects of artificial light at night on insects, and found that there is strong evidence to suggest a credible link between light pollution and declines in insect populations. For example, flying insects are attracted by artificial light — and, at the same time, are removed from other ecosystems — and die from exhaustion or as easy prey.
A decline in insect populations in agricultural areas not only means a decline in species diversity, but also endangers important ecosystem services. Also, changes in the occurrence and behaviour of pests such as aphids or their enemies such as beetles and spiders can disturb the balance of this well-tuned system. Furthermore, artificial light at night may also have a direct impact on the growth and flowering time of plants, and therefore on yield.
The overview study shows that artificial light at night is widely present and can have complex impacts in agricultural areas, with unknown consequences for biodiversity and crop production. Thus, light pollution should be generally considered as a potential ecosystem disturbance in future studies to identify ways in which practical steps can be taken to reduce environmental concerns.
8．What is the new finding of IGB?
A．There is an insect decline in Germany.
B．Light pollution may cause an insect decline.
C．Artificial light at night is widely present.
D．Climate change is a reason for the insect decline.9．What did the study lasting 27 years focus on?
A．The impacts of light pollution. B．The varieties of flying insects.
C．The reasons for climate changes. D．The population of flying insects.10．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The cause of insect decline.
B．The areas experiencing insect decline.
C．The consequence of insect decline.
D．The species suffering from insect decline.11．In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A．Environment. B．Health. C．Technology. D．Society.
Pioneers of the research that led to one of the first COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) say breakthroughs made in their studies could point the way toward developing a potential vaccine against cancer before the end of the decade. In a BBC interview, husband and wife team Ugur Sahin and Ozlem Tureci, co-founders of BioNTech, said technology they had developed could be repurposed to help the immune system respond to cancer cells.
The mRNA COVID-19 vaccine causes cells to create spike proteins (刺突蛋白), which warn the body’s immune system about things to look out for and to attack. It is hoped that this could be reworked using proteins found in cancer tumor (肿瘤) cells, causing a similar bodily defensive action.
BioNTech was founded in 2008 specifically to work on cancer treatments. “From the very beginning, our focus has always been on exploiting the full potential of the body’s immune system to successfully help address cancer and infectious diseases,” says the company website.
“As scientists we are always hesitant to say we will have a cure for cancer,” said Tureci. “We have a number of breakthroughs and we will continue to work on them. This will also definitely accelerate our cancer vaccine.”
She added that “the dream” was for a way to be found to enable the body to recognize a cancer tumor as a foreign element, in the same way it had dealt with COVID-19, and to respond accordingly, so that the immune system could be trained to hunt down the rogue presence. “You’re training the immune system like a smart bomb, in a way, to see those differences and kill that tumor cell,” she continued.
“What made the potential breakthrough even more exciting,” she said, “was that any treatment could be personalized to work on an individual cancer patient’s specific circumstances.” “You can take someone who’s got cancer, take their own tumor and make an RNA vaccine out of that and strengthen their own immune system specifically against their own tumor. That’s a really wonderful thing to see,” she added.
12．What is the function of spike proteins?
A．Preventing certain tumors developing.
B．Providing nutrition for the immune system.
C．Checking possibly developed tumors.
D．Sending warning information to the immune system.13．What does the underlined part “rogue presence” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Cancer tumor. B．Smart bomb. C．Cancer vaccine. D．Spike protein.14．What may the breakthrough lead to?
A．Increasing the knowledge of causes of cancers.
B．Studying the conditions under which a cancer forms.
C．Finding some practical means to prevent COVID-19.
D．Developing personalized vaccines for cancer patients.15．What may be a suitable title for the text?
A．A potential breakthrough made researchers excited.
B．COVID-19 research offers hope for cancer treatment.
C．Scientists may hesitate to announce a cure for cancer.
D．Immune system looks out for and attack cancer tumors.
二、七选五
Keeping a schedule for your day will help you manage your time more efficiently. 16 Scheduling your day allows you to self- regulate and track your own behavior by keeping records of what you need to do and have done.
Obtain a calendar or planner. Make sure the calendar has appropriate space for you to list your tasks. Some calendars offer weekly, daily, or hourly planners. A notebook can also be used. Choose whatever best suits your wants and needs. Whatever you choose, commit to your choice. Do not try to have one planner for work, one for school, etc. 17
Organize your tasks. Electronic calendars allow you to mark tasks in different colors. For example, you can color work-related things red, school-related things blue, housework green, vacations orange, and exercise pink. 18 Simply use colored pens or pencils or highlighters. Once you’ve differentiated the different types of tasks you need to schedule, you can work to prioritize them.
Schedule a time for each task. 19 For example, you may have scheduled time in a given day to study (2 hours), work out (1 hour), write two emails (30 minutes), and walk the dog (30 minutes). It’s key to allow you the necessary amount of time to complete each task; you’ll only stress yourself out if you schedule yourself too tightly and aren’t realistic about the amount of time things take.
20 Keep some free space at the bottom of your schedule for low-priority things coming up later in the week. If you have time today or at any other point during your week, you can begin working on those items to get ahead. These additional tasks might include going through your closet or organizing your tax filing system at home.
A．Mark your prioritized tasks.
B．Leave space in your schedule.
C．Everything should be in one place.
D．Write how long you expect to spend on each task.
E．You can get more done and are less likely to forget tasks.
F．Most people generally underestimate the amount of time tasks take.
G．You can also do this easily if you’re using a paper calendar or notebook.
三、完形填空
Lexy and Austin Burke are familiar faces on TikTok. They are known for their 21 , such as giving back to their community in Nashville. They were heading for lunch one day when a young boy 22 them. In the middle of a heatwave, the boy was 23 lemonade on the side of the road.
The couple 24 knew in their hearts that the boy needed help. They told the boy, whose name is Niko, that they’d come back in one hour. They asked him to 25 them and promised him it would be 26 . Without knowing a thing about them, he 27 . The couple were so 28 by what they saw and posted his video on their “Venmo Challenge” on TikTok, where Lexy's 29 send money to her Venmo account. She uses this money to 30 servers and film their 31 . This time, they wanted to help the boy, who didn't 32 the extreme heat of the sun to make some money.
In just 2 hours, the couple 33 $1,100 in total. They wanted to surprise Niko with their 34 gift. When the couple came back to buy the boy’s lemonade, Lexy asked Niko if he was trying to collect money for anything. He said he was on a soccer team and that they were 35 to compete in Portugal. 36 , Niko’s family did not have a lot of money so he thought of setting up a lemonade stand.
The couple bought three-dollar lemonade from Niko and he was so 37 when they gave him a $1,100 tip. Niko could not believe his 38 .“You guys just helped me go to Portugal,” he said.
Austin 39 , “Seeing how hard this kid was working in such hot weather is a type of work lesson you can't teach. Niko is an extraordinarily special kid with big 40 and that’s something Lexy and I understand all too well.”
21．A．education B．occupations C．efforts D．wealth
22．A．attracted B．spotted C．disturbed D．approached
23．A．sending B．selling C．selecting D．buying
24．A．eagerly B．secretly C．excitedly D．instantly
25．A．look after B．know about C．wait for D．learn from
26．A．suitable B．convenient C．worthwhile D．legal
27．A．hesitated B．agreed C．insisted D．explained
28．A．inspired B．discouraged C．confused D．amused
29．A．teams B．followers C．students D．colleagues
30．A．tip B．free C．employ D．trick
31．A．challenges B．grades C．reactions D．comments
32．A．tolerate B．overlook C．notice D．mind
33．A．exchanged B．spent C．counted D．raised
34．A．heartfelt B．familiar C．handmade D．extra
35．A．recognized B．invited C．urged D．refused
36．A．Sadly B．Honestly C．Fortunately D．Suddenly
37．A．disappointed B．ashamed C．scared D．shocked
38．A．progress B．view C．luck D．invention
39．A．continued B．imagined C．promised D．shared
40．A．trouble B．dreams C．achievements D．wisdom
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Two giant pandas 41 (arrive) at Hamad International Airport in Doha, capital of Qatar(卡塔尔) on Wednesday morning, on a special flight from China. They will remain in Qatar for 15 years.
“It is the first time giant pandas have traveled to the Middle East,” the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda said. The center has also sent breeders and veterinary( 兽医) experts to help the giant pandas adapt 42 the new environment.
The Qatari government has built 43 giant panda hall. The two giant pandas will enjoy an air-conditioned sports ground, an indoor exhibition hall 44 a separate “bedroom”. In addition, 45 (guarantee) that the giant pandas can have a comfortable environment, the Qatari government has also prepared much equipment, such as nursery rooms.
More than a month ago, physical examination of the two giant pandas 46 (carry) out and they were in 47 (fair) good health.
China also sent expert 48 (group) to Qatar for on-site guidance and assessment of the venues to assist Qatar in 49 (establish) a giant panda breeding management team.
In May, 2020, China and Qatar signed a cooperation 50 (agree) on giant panda conservation and research to promote the conservation of endangered species and biodiversity.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A hobby is nothing but a gentle and pleasant occupation being designed to free the tired brain for the burden of the main task. I had a favorite hobby, which is riding a bicycle. It is my favorite sport to do wherever I have free time. It is a good exercise improve relationships between family members and friends. Most of the time I cycle with my best friend. I think the benefits of it are numerous not just for the person cycled but for the environment. It’s a hobby what promotes the brain activity and reduce CO2 release. It’s also an fun outdoor activity that can stimulate the senses dulled by staying indoor.
六、开放性作文
52．假定你是李华，你班近期开展了以What makes a good teenager in the New Era?为题的讨论。请你就此写一篇短文向英文校刊投稿，内容包括：
1.讨论结果；
2.你的观点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
What makes a good teenager in the New Era?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些名人所著的书籍。
1．细节理解题。根据“Tomatoes for Neela”中的“Lakshmi explores family recipes, intergenerational cooking, and the humble tomato in her new picture book(Lakshmi在她的新绘本中探索了家庭食谱、代际烹饪和不起眼的番茄)”可知，作者探索家庭食谱、几代人的烹饪以及不起眼的番茄，因此本书是关于烹饪的书，故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据“The World Needs More Purple People by Kristen Bell and Benjamin Hart”部分的“by Kristen Bell and Benjamin Hart(克里斯汀·贝尔和本杰明·哈特著)”可知，本书是两位作者共同编写，其他三本书都只有一个作者，故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But it may surprise you to learn that some of your favorite actors, singers, and comedians have another talent—they are also authors. We’re sharing some of our favorite picture books by those people(但你可能会惊讶地发现，你最喜欢的一些演员、歌手和喜剧演员还有另一种天赋——他们也是作家。我们正在分享这些人最喜欢的一些图画书)”可知，这四本书的作者都是除了是作家之外，他们有其他的身份，故选C项。
4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了新泽西冲浪少年卡特，通过冲浪筹钱做慈善的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Carter taught himself to surf at five and put the hobby to work during the pandemic lockdown when local playgrounds, hockey courts, and skate parks were closed- -but the beach was open.（卡特五岁时自学冲浪，并在疫情封锁期间将这项爱好付诸实践，当时当地的游乐场、曲棍球场和滑板公园都关闭了，但海滩是开放的）”可知，卡特是自学冲浪的。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“It just snowballed from there. He has collected 2 ,639 canned goods for a local food pantry, collected $560 for the True Spirit Coalition, $1,500 for SurfAid, $150 for Heart of Surfing—which offers free lessons to children with autism and developmental disabilities—and $150 for the Humane Society of Atlantic County. Carter even cleans up trash he finds on the beach or in the water during his daily surfs.（事情就像滚雪球一样越滚越大。他为当地的食品储藏室收集了2639个罐头食品，为the True Spirit Coalition筹集了560美元，为SurfAid筹集了1500美元，为Heart of Surfing筹集了150美元——该组织为患有自闭症和发育障碍的儿童提供免费课程——并为大西洋县人道协会筹集了150美元。卡特甚至在他每天冲浪时清理他在海滩上或水中发现的垃圾）”可推论出，该部分的这些数字显示卡特为筹款做出很大的努力。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第六段的最后一句“He evaluates the waves, currents, and weather to ensure Carter stays safe.（他评估海浪、洋流和天气，以确保卡特的安全）”可知，安德鲁评估冲浪的条件以确保卡特的安全。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“For the past two years, 11-year-old Carter Doorley has put on his wetsuit and hit the waves every day. The fifth-grader from Brigantine, New Jersey, uses his surfing to raise money for charity—often surfing a wave for every dollar donated to his fundraisers.(在过去的两年里，11岁的卡特·道利每天都穿上他的潜水服去冲浪。这位来自新泽西州布里甘特市的五年级学生利用冲浪为慈善事业筹集资金——通常，每向募捐者捐赠一美元，他就会冲浪一次。)”和第二段的“Then he kept going—on May 24, he will have surfed 730 days in a row.(然后他继续前进——到5月24日，他将连续冲浪730天。)”可知，卡特通过冲浪筹钱做慈善，并且坚持了730天，为很多项目筹集物资，由此可推知，他富有爱心并且意志坚定。故选A项。
8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。来自IGB的科学家们现在发现，严重的光污染可能导致飞虫数量急剧下降。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Scientists from the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) have now discovered that regions that have experienced a sharp decline in flying insects also have high levels of light pollution.(莱布尼茨淡水生态学和内陆渔业研究所（ICB）的科学家们现在发现，飞虫数量急剧下降的地区也存在严重的光污染)”可知，ICB的科学家们现在发现，飞虫数量急剧减少的地区也存在严重的光污染。由此可知，光污染可能导致飞虫数量减少。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段的“The study, published in 2017, analyzed trends in biomass of flying insects in selected protected areas within agricultural landscapes over the last 27 years.(这项于2017年发表的研究分析了过去27年间农业景观中选定保护区内飞虫生物量的变化趋势)”可知，为期27年的研究关注的是飞虫的种群数量。故选D。
3.主旨大意题。根据第四段“A decline in insect populations in agricultural areas not only means a decline in species diversity, but also endangers important ecosystem services. Also, changes in the occurrence and behaviour of pests such as aphids or their enemies such as beetles and spiders can disturb the balance of this well-tuned system. Furthermore, artificial light at night may also have a direct impact on the growth and flowering time of plants, and therefore on yield.(农业地区昆虫数量的减少不仅意味着物种多样性的下降，而且还危及重要的生态系统服务。此外，害虫如蚜虫或其天敌如甲虫和蜘蛛的发生和行为的变化可能会扰乱这个良好调节系统的平衡。此外，夜间人工照明也可能直接影响植物的生长和开花时间，从而影响产量)”可知，本段主要介绍了昆虫数量减少的后果。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Scientists from the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) have now discovered that regions that have experienced a sharp decline in flying insects also have high levels of light pollution.(莱布尼茨淡水生态学和内陆渔业研究所（ICB）的科学家们现在发现，飞虫数量急剧下降的地区也存在严重的光污染)”可知，本文介绍了来自IGB的科学家们现在发现，严重的光污染可能导致飞虫数量急剧下降。由此推知，本文可能出自报纸的《环境》专栏。故选A。
12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了研发出首批COVID-19疫苗的科学家们取得的突破可能有助于开发出一种潜在的抗癌疫苗。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The mRNA COVID-19 vaccine causes cells to create spike proteins (刺突蛋白), which warn the body’s immune system about things to look out for and to attack. (mRNA COVID-19疫苗使细胞产生刺突蛋白，它能预警身体的免疫系统需要注意和攻击的东西)”可知，刺突蛋白的作用是向免疫系统发送预警信息。故选D项。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词前定冠词the可知，rogue presence是特指，是前面提到过的某物；结合前文“She added that “the dream” was for a way to be found to enable the body to recognize a cancer tumor as a foreign element, in the same way it had dealt with COVID-19, and to respond accordingly, so that the immune system could be trained to hunt down the rogue presence. (她补充说，“梦想”是找到一种方法，使身体能够识别癌症肿瘤为外来因素，就像它处理COVID-19一样，并做出相应的反应，这样免疫系统就可以被训练来追捕the rogue presence)”中“in the same way it had dealt with COVID-19”和“hunt down”可推知，the rogue presence是免疫系统要去追捕并处理的对象，即上文中的cancer tumor“癌症肿瘤”。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““What made the potential breakthrough even more exciting,” she said, “was that any treatment could be personalized to work on an individual cancer patient’s specific circumstances.” “You can take someone who’s got cancer, take their own tumor and make an RNA vaccine out of that and strengthen their own immune system specifically against their own tumor. That’s a really wonderful thing to see,” she added. (“让这个潜在突破更令人兴奋的是，”她说，“任何治疗方法都可以针对个别癌症患者的具体情况进行个性化治疗。”“你可以找一个癌症患者，取出他们自己的肿瘤，用RNA疫苗来增强他们自己的免疫系统，专门针对他们自己的肿瘤。这真是一件非常美妙的事情，”她补充道。)”可推知，这一突破可能会带来针对个别癌症患者的具体情况的个性化癌症疫苗。故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Pioneers of the research that led to one of the first COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) say breakthroughs made in their studies could point the way toward developing a potential vaccine against cancer before the end of the decade. In a BBC interview, husband and wife team Ugur Sahin and Ozlem Tureci, co-founders of BioNTech, said technology they had developed could be repurposed to help the immune system respond to cancer cells. (研发出首批COVID-19疫苗之一的研究先驱表示，他们的研究取得的突破可能为在2020年前开发出一种潜在的抗癌疫苗指明道路。在接受BBC采访时，BioNTech公司的联合创始人乌格尔·沙欣和奥兹勒姆·图雷西夫妇表示，他们开发的技术可以重新用于帮助免疫系统对癌细胞做出反应)”可知，文章报道了研发出首批COVID-19疫苗的科学家们取得的突破可能有助于开发出一种潜在的抗癌疫苗，所以“COVID-19 research offers hope for cancer treatment. (COVID-19研究为癌症治疗带来希望)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
16．E 17．C 18．G 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些充分利用学习时间的建议。
16．根据前文“Keeping a schedule for your day will help you manage your time more efficiently.( 每天制定一个时间表将帮助你更有效地管理你的时间)”可知，制定一个时间表，你会更有效地管理时间，你就可以做得更多，也不太可能忘记任务或分心。因此推断E项“你可以做得更多的工作，也不太可能忘记任务”符合文意，故选E。
17．前文“Whatever you choose, commit to your choice. Do not try to have one planner for work, one for school, etc.( 无论你选择什么，都要坚持你的选择。不要试图为工作制定一个计划，为学习制定一个计划，等等)”讲述制定一个计划，不要制定过多的计划，因此推断C项“所有东西都应该放在一个地方”符合语境，进一步解释要制定一个计划表，讲所有计划都放在上面。故选C。
18．前文“Electronic calendars allow you to mark tasks in different colors. For example, you can color work-related things red, school-related things blue, housework green, vacations orange, and exercise pink.( 电子日历让你用不同的颜色标记任务。例如，你可以把与工作有关的东西涂成红色，把与学校有关的东西涂成蓝色，把家务涂成绿色，把假期涂成橙色，把锻炼涂成粉红色。)”讲述在电子日历上使用不同颜色标记不同任务，下文“Simply use colored pens or pencils or highlighters.( 简单地使用彩色钢笔、铅笔或荧光笔)”讲述了另一种标记方式，因此推断空处提到了另一种记录方式，因此推断G项“如果你使用纸质日历或笔记本，你也可以很容易地做到这一点”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。
19．根据首句“Schedule a time for each task.( 为每项任务安排一个时间)”可知，本段讲述时间安排，下文“For example, you may have scheduled time in a given day to study (2 hours), work out (1 hour), write two emails (30 minutes), and walk the dog (30 minutes).(例如，你可以在一天中安排时间学习(2小时)，锻炼(1小时)，写两封邮件(30分钟)，遛狗(30分钟)。)”举例说明如何安排时间，每项任务花费多长时间，因此推断D项“写下你预计在每项任务上花费的时间”符合语境，开启下文。故选D。
20．空处是段落主旨。根据下文“Keep some free space at the bottom of your schedule for low-priority things coming up later in the week. If you have time today or at any other point during your week，you can begin working on those items to get ahead. These additional tasks might include going through your closet or organizing your tax filing system at home.(在你的日程表底部留一些空闲的空间来处理本周晚些时候不重要的事情。如果你今天或这周的其他时间有时间，你可以开始做这些事情来取得进展。这些额外的任务可能包括整理你的衣柜或在家里整理你的税务申报系统。)”可知，本段建议在你的计划表上留出空间记录其他不太重要的事情，因此推断B项“在你的日程安排中留下空间”为最佳标题。故选B。
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．A 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．D 40．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了夫妇二人看到Niko大热天在路边摆摊卖柠檬水，只为能够到葡萄牙参加比赛，于是夫妇二人在抖音上发布视频帮助Niko圆梦的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们以自己的努力而闻名，比如回馈纳什维尔的社区。A. education教育；B. occupations职业；C. efforts努力；D. wealth财富。根据下文“giving back to their community in Nashville(回馈纳什维尔的社区)”可知，这是他们做出的努力，故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，他们正要去吃午饭，一个小男孩吸引了他们。A. attracted吸引；B. spotted看见；C. disturbed打扰；D. approached靠近。根据下文“In the middle of a heatwave, the boy was selling lemonade on the side of the road.(在热浪中，男孩在路边卖柠檬水)”可知，大热天男孩子在路边卖柠檬水，吸引了作者的注意，故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在热浪中，男孩在路边卖柠檬水。A. sending发送；B. selling卖；C. selecting选择；D. buying买。根据下文“knew in their hearts that the boy needed help(他们心里感受到这个男孩需要帮助)”可推理出，男孩在路边卖柠檬水，故选B项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇立刻从心里知道这个男孩需要帮助。A. eagerly渴望地；B. secretly秘密地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. instantly立刻。根据下文“They told the boy, whose name is Niko, that they’d come back in one hour.(他们告诉那个叫Niko的男孩，他们一小时后回来)”可知，这对夫妇看见大热天在路边卖柠檬水的男孩，告知男孩他们一小时后回来。由此可推理出，这对夫妇一看见男孩就立刻感受到了男孩需要帮助，故选D项。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们让他等他们，并向他保证这是值得的。A. look after照顾；B. know about了解；C. wait for等待；D. learn from向……学习。根据上文“they’d come back in one hour(他们一小时后回来)”可推理出，夫妇让男孩等他们，故选C项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. suitable合适的；B. convenient方便的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. legal合法的。根据下文“The couple bought three-dollar lemonade from Niko and he was so shock when they gave him a $1,100 tip(这对夫妇从Niko那里买了三美元的柠檬水，当他们给他1100美元的小费时，他非常震惊)”可推理出，夫妇向男孩承诺等待是值得的，故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在对他们一无所知的情况下，他同意了。A. hesitated犹豫；B. agreed同意；C. insisted坚持；D. explained解释。根据下文“The couple bought three-dollar lemonade from Niko and he was so shock when they gave him a $1,100 tip(这对夫妇从Niko那里买了三美元的柠檬水，当他们给他1100美元的小费时，他非常震惊)”可知，男孩一直等到夫妇回来。由此可推理出，男孩同意了夫妇的请求，故选B项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇受他们所见的触动，并在TikTok上的“Venmo挑战”上发布了Lexy的视频，Lexy的追随者在视频中向她的Venmo账户汇款。A. inspired受到触动的；B. discouraged垂头丧气的；C. confused糊涂的；D. amused感到好笑的。根据下文“what they saw(他们看到的)”可知，夫妇因他们看到的而受到触动，决定帮助他，故选A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. teams团队；B. followers追随者；C. students学生；D. colleagues同事。根据下文“send money to her Venmo account(向她的Venmo账户汇款)”可知，向她的Venmo账户汇款的人看了视频。由此可推理出，这些人是她的追随者，故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用这笔钱给服务人员小费，并拍摄他们的回应。A. tip给小费；B. free使摆脱；C. employ雇佣；D. trick欺骗。根据上文“She uses this money(她用这笔钱)”以及下文“server(服务人员)”可推理出，使用这笔钱给服务人员付小费，故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. challenges挑战；B. grades等级；C. reactions反应；回应；D. comments评论。根据上文“film(拍摄)”可知，她用这笔钱给服务人员小费。由此可推理出，她付给服务人员小费后，把服务人员对此的回应拍摄下来，故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，他们想帮助这个男孩，他不介意太阳的酷热来赚钱。A. tolerate忍受；B. overlook忽视；C. notice注意；D. mind介意。根据下文“the extreme heat of the sun to make some money(……太阳的酷热来赚钱)”可推理出，此处上下文说的是不介意太阳的酷热来赚钱，故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短短两个小时内，这对夫妇总共筹到了1100美元。A. exchanged交换；B. spent花费；C. counted数；D. raised筹集。根据下文“$1,100 in total(1100美元)”可推理出，这是夫妇筹集的资金，故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想用他们贴心的礼物给Niko一个惊喜。A. heartfelt贴心的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. handmade手工的；D. extra额外的。根据下文“You guys just helped me go to Portugal(你们帮我去了葡萄牙)”可知，这是男孩内心所需的礼物，可推理出空白处应填表示“贴心的”含义的形容词，故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说自己是一支足球队的队员，他们被邀请到葡萄牙参加比赛。A. recognized认出；B. invited邀请；C. urged催促；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“to compete in Portugal(到葡萄牙参加比赛)”可推理出，他们被邀请到葡萄牙参加比赛，故选B项。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，Niko的家人没有很多钱，所以他想建立一个柠檬水摊。A. Sadly令人遗憾地；B. Honestly诚实地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Suddenly突然。根据下文“Niko’s family did not have a lot of money so he thought of setting up a lemonade stand(Niko的家人没有很多钱，所以他想建立一个柠檬水摊)”可知，Niko应邀到葡萄牙参加比赛，但家人没有很多钱，对此感到遗憾，故选A项。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇从Niko那里买了三美元的柠檬水，当他们给他1100美元的小费时，他非常震惊。A. disappointed感到失望的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. scared恐惧的；D. shocked感到震惊的。根据下文“Niko could not believe his luck(Niko不敢相信自己的运气)”以及下文“You guys just helped me go to Portugal(你们帮我去了葡萄牙)”可知，男孩对此感到震惊，故选D项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Niko不敢相信自己的运气。A. progress进步；B. view看法；C. luck运气；D. invention发明。根据上文“they gave him a $1,100 tip(他们给他1100美元的小费)”以及“You guys just helped me go to Portugal(你们帮我去了葡萄牙)”可知，男孩对此感到无法相信，认为这是运气，故选C项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥斯汀分享道：“看到这个孩子在这么热的天气里工作有多辛苦，这是一堂你无法教的工作课。A. continued继续；B. imagined想象；C. promised承诺；D. shared分享。根据下文“Seeing how hard this kid was working in such hot weather is a type of work lesson you can't teach(看到这个孩子在这么热的天气里工作有多辛苦，这是一堂你无法教的工作课)”可知，这是奥斯汀说的话，故选D项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Niko是一个非常特别的孩子，有着远大的梦想，这是Lexy和我非常理解到的。A. trouble麻烦；B. dreams梦想；C. achievements成就；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“He said he was on a soccer team and that they were invited to compete in Portugal. Sadly, Niko’s family did not have a lot of money so he thought of setting up a lemonade stand.( 他说自己是一支足球队的队员，他们被邀请到葡萄牙参加比赛。遗憾的是，Niko的家人没有很多钱，所以他想设立一个柠檬水摊)”可知，Niko是一个有远大梦想的孩子，故选B项。
41．arrived 42．to 43．a/one 44．and 45．to guarantee 46．was carried 47．fairly 48．groups 49．establishing 50．agreement
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国将两只大熊猫送往卡塔尔，这两只大熊猫预计将在卡塔尔待15年。
41．考查时态。句意：两只大熊猫于周三上午到达了卡达尔首都的多哈哈马德机场。根据时间状语Wednesday morning可知，此处应用一般过去时，且pandas与arrive之前为主动关系，故填arrived。
42．考查介词。句意：这个中心也送了饲养员和专家去帮助大熊猫适应新的环境。根据句意可知，此处意为“适应”，表达为adapt to，故填to。
43．考查冠词。句意：卡达尔政府也修建了大熊猫馆。此处泛指“一个大熊猫馆”，故应用不定冠词，且giant以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a，或表示“一个”，也可用one，故填a/one。
44．考查连词。句意：这两只大熊猫将会在装有空调的运动场里生活，另外还有一个室内的展览厅和一个独立的“卧室”。此处表示列举，应用and连接列举事物，且此处意为“和”，故填and。
45．考查不定式。句意：为了保证熊猫能有个舒适的环境，卡塔尔政府也准备了很多设备，比如说哺乳室。此处表示目的，故应用不定式，故填to guarantee。
46．考查语态。句意：一个多月前，给这两只大熊猫进行了体检，它们都十分健康。此处examination为主语，是单数，与carry out之间为被动关系，且时间状语为“more than a month ago”，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词使用was，故填was carried。
47．考查副词。句意：同上。此处修饰形容词“good”，故应用副词“fairly十分地”作状语，故填fairly。
48．考查名词的数。句意：中国也派送了专业的团队去卡达尔现场指导和评估，协助卡达尔组建大熊猫繁育管理团队。根据句意可知，此处意为“专家组”，表示复数，故应用名词的复数形式作宾语，故填groups。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处空前为介词in，故应用动名词作宾语，故填establishing。
50．考查名词。句意：2020年5月，中国和卡塔尔签署了大熊猫保护与研究合作协议，以促进濒危动物和生物多样性的保护。此处意为“就……达成一致”，表达为sign an agreement on…，故此处应用名词“agreement协议”作宾语，且空前有冠词，故此处应用名词的单数形式，故填agreement。
51．1.删除being
2.for→from/of
3.had→have
4.wherever→whenever
5.improve前加to
6.cycled→cycling
7.what→that /which
8.reduce→reduces
9.an→a
10.indoor→indoors
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者最喜欢的爱好是骑行，文章主要介绍了骑行的好处。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：业余爱好不过是一种温和愉快的职业，旨在使疲惫的大脑从主要任务的负担中解脱出来。非谓语动词design和名词occupation是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表示完成，being dsigned是现在分词的被动式，表示“正在被设计”，不合句意，故删除being。
2.考查介词。句意：业余爱好不过是一种温和愉快的职业，旨在使疲惫的大脑从主要任务的负担中解脱出来。free...from/of固定搭配，表示“使……摆脱”，故将for改为from/of。
3.考查时态。句意：我有一个最喜欢的爱好，那就是骑自行车。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是I，动词have应用原形，故将had改为have。
4.考查状语从句连接词。句意：无论何时我有空，我就会做我最喜欢的运动。此处表示“无论何时”，应用whenever引导让步状语从句，wherever表示“无论哪里”，不合句意，故将wherever改为whenever。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：这是改善家庭成员和朋友之间关系的一个很好的锻炼形式。句中有谓语is，前后无连词，此处improve应用非谓语动词作后置定语，且表示目的，应用不定式作后置定语，故在improve前加to。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为它不仅对骑行的人，而且还对环境带来很多好处。cycle是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰person，且二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故将cycled改为cycling。
7.考查定语从句。句意：这是一个促进大脑活动和减少二氧化碳释放的爱好。“promotes the brain activity and reduce CO2 release.”是关系词引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hobby，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which来引导，故将what改为that/which。
8.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一个促进大脑活动和减少二氧化碳释放的爱好。定语从句主语that/which，指代先行词a hobby，为单数意义，且句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，所以谓语动词应用三单形式，reduces和promotes是并列谓语，故将reduce改为reduces。
9.考查冠词。句意：这也是一个有趣的户外活动，可以刺激因待在室内而迟钝的感官。此处泛指一个有趣的户外活动，应用不定冠词来修饰，且fun发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故将an改为a。
10.考查副词。句意：这也是一个有趣的户外活动，可以刺激因待在室内而迟钝的感官。此处应用副词indoors修饰动词stay，表示“在户外”。故将indoor改为indoors。
52．What makes a good teenager in the New Era?
To thoroughly understand what makes a good teenager in the New Era, students in our class held a discussion about the subject.
Firstly, most students agree that a good teenager in the New Era should devote himself to study. Secondly, many students consider it necessary to be positive, kind and helpful and a teenager possessing the two qualities always respects the aged and loves the young. Last but not least, a good teenager in the New Era should be faithful to the country and people, which is the basic principle.
In my opinion, apart from what is mentioned by my classmates, physical and mental health is of equal importance to a good teenager in the New Era.
【导语】本文是一篇投稿。要求考生以李华的身份就你班近期开展了以What makes a good teenager in the New Era?为题的讨论写一篇短文向英文校刊投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
理解：understand→ comprehend
讨论：discussion → conference
同意：agree→ consent
有益的：be helpful→ be beneficial
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：Firstly, most students agree that a good teenager in the New Era should devote himself to study.
拓展句：Firstly, what most students agree is that a good teenager in the New Era should devote himself to study.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To thoroughly understand what makes a good teenager in the New Era, students in our class held a discussion about the subject.（动词不定式做目的状语）
【高分句型2】Last but not least, a good teenager in the New Era should be faithful to the country and people, which is the basic principle.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
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