2022-2023学年北京亦庄实验中学高二（下）期中英语试卷（含答案）

这是一份2022-2023学年北京亦庄实验中学高二（下）期中英语试卷（含答案），共15页。
2022-2023学年北京亦庄实验中学高二（下）期中英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。


第I卷（选择题）

二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共21.5分）
A
Some of the most painful moments I spend as a vet are those spent with my customers assisting my animal patients from this world to the next.Making this final decision is not easy，and I have often felt powerless to comfort the sorrowful owners.
That was before I met Shane.
I had been called to examine a ten-year old dog named Belker who had developed a serious health problem.The dog's owner--Ron，his wife，Lisa，and their little boy，Shane-we're hoping for a miracle.But I told the family there were no miracles left for Belker，and offered to perform the euthanasia （安乐死） for the old dog in their home.As we made the arrangements，Ron and Lisa told me they thought it would be good for the four-year-old Shane to observe the euthanasia.They felt Shane could learn something from the experience.
The next day， I felt the familiar catch in my throat as Belker's family surrounded him.Shane seemed so calm，patting the old dog for the last time，that I wondered if he understood what was going on.
A few minutes later，Belker slipped peacefully away.The little boy seemed to accept Belker's death without any difficulty of confusion.We sat together for a little while after Belker's death，wondering aloud about the sad fact that animal lives are shorter than human lives.
Shane，who had been listening quietly，piped up，"I know why.""
Shocked，we all turned to him.What came out of his mouth next astonished me.I'd never heard a more comforting explanation.
He said，"Everybody is born so they can learn how to live a good life：like loving everybody and being nice，right？"The four-year-old continued，"Well，animals already know how to do that，so they don't have to stay as long."
3. What can we learn from paragraph 3？ ______
A. There was no hope for Belker to recover.
B. Belker got sick mainly due to lack of care.
C. Shane didn't feel sad about Belker's death.
D. Belker no longer wanted to live because of the pain.
4. What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. words failed the vet when he tried to comfort Belker's family.
B. the vet was familiar with the feelings of Belker's family.
C. the vet would rather not perform the euthanasia.
D. the vet's throat was uncomfortable with Belke's family around.
5. What can we learn about Shane？ ______
A. He knew little about animal lives.
B. He looked shocked about Belker's death.
C. He had a unique opinion about life.
D. He was an outgoing and warm-hearted boy.
B
If you have difficulty deciding on your book list，the ideas shared by some great talents might help you out.
●Read books from eras past-
Alert Einstein
Keeping up with current events and latest books from the bestseller list is a big job，but Albert Einstein thought it was vital to leave some room for older works，too.Otherwise，you'd be"completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times，"he wrote in a 1952 journal article.
"Somebody who reads only newspapers and at best books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who scorns （拒绝） eyeglasses，"he wrote.
●Don't jump too quickly from book to book--Seneca
Seneca，a first century Roman Stoic philosopher，believed that reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you."You must spend much time among a limited number of master thinkers，if you would gain ideas which shall win firm hold in your mind，"he wrote.
●Shop at secondhand bookstores--Virginia Woolf
In her essay"Street Haunting"，Virginia Woolf described the benefits of shopping in secondhand bookstores，where the works"have come together in vast flocks of various feather，and have a charm which the carefully chosen books of the library lack."
According to Woolf，looking through used books gives you the chance to come across something that wouldn't have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers，who are often much more selective in building their collections than secondhand bookstore owners.
●You can skip outdated science works，but not old literature--Edward Lytton
19th century British novelist and Parliamentarian Edward Lytton was a firm believer in the value of reading old literature.
"In science，read，by preference，the newest works；in literature，the oldest，"he wrote in his 1863 essay collection，Caxtoniana，"The classic literature is always modern.New books revive and redecorate old ideas；old books suggest and invigorate （增加活力） new ideas."
6. Who holds the idea that some books should be digested？ ______
A. Virginia Woolf. B. Seneca
C. Alert Einstein. D. Edward Lytton.
7. What attracted Virginia Woolf to secondhand bookstores？ ______
A. The lower price. B. A more selective collection.
C. A wider range of books. D. The warmer service.
8. How does Edward Lytton find the classical literature？ ______
A. Valuable. B. Outdated. C. Challenging. D. Interesting.
C
There are many ways for diseases to spread.A sick person can cough or sneeze on someone nearby，or they can spread germs through a handshake.But sometimes we pick up germs indirectly.A sick person might leave behind bacteria or viruses when they touch a door handle，for example.But what if those surfaces could clean themselves？
Two incredibly talented teenagers from Hong Kong asked themselves the same question.Now they've developed a door handle that can kill germs on contact.
The idea is simple.Every time the door is opened，the movement creates power that starts a germ-killing reaction on the handle.In lab tests，their system killed about 99.8 percent of the germs that they spread onto lab dishes covered with their material.
Research by others has shown that door handles in public areas are often home to lots of bacteria and viruses，which was noted by 17-year-old Sum Ming （Simon） Wong.He and his schoolmate Kin Pong （Michael）Li，18，wanted to design a covering for door handles that would kill germs.
After doing some research，they learned that a mineral called titanium dioxide （二氧化钛） is known to kill bacteria.It's already used in many products，from paints to desserts.To make their covering，the teenagers made the mineral into a very fine powder.
Titanium dioxide kills bacteria best when lit by ultraviolet （紫外线的） light，says Simon.UV light is found in sunlight.But UV light does not naturally shine on indoor handles or any used at night，so the teenagers light their door handle from within.
To make sure the light reaches the coated surface，the teenagers made their door handle out of clear glass.Each end fits into a bracket （托架）.Inside one of the brackets is a strong light-emiting diode （LED）.From it comes UV light.
And here's the interesting part：The power that makes the UV light shine comes from opening and closing the door.The power from the door is then carried by wire to the LED inside the door handle.
The door handle system，Michael and Simon say，might cost no more than about＄13（about 81 yuan） to build.
Now，the invention is already gathering a fair amount of attention.It was a winning entry in this year's James Dyson Awards and is now an entry for the international grand prize phase of that competition.It certainly is promising to win since we have lived through a terrible epidemic.
9. The ways diseases spread are mentioned at the beginning of the text to ______ .
A. explain how most diseases are spread directly
B. explain how to kill bacteria or viruses effectively
C. introduce a new invention that can kill germs
D. remind readers of the importance of cleaning their hands
10. Michael and Simon's door handle ______ .
A. is too expensive for ordinary families
B. is powered by the movement of its users
C. works better at night than in the daytime
D. is made of a metal that can take in UV light
11. The LED is placed inside the brackets to ______ .
A. produce titanium dioxide to kill bacteria
B. supply enough power to the handle system
C. direct the UV light in sunlight to the coated surface
D. provide UV light to help titanium dioxide work better
12. What is the author's attitude toward Michael and Simon's door handle system？ ______
A. Critical.. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Supportive.
D
New editions of Roald Dahl's classic books，such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Matilda，are now available in bookstores.Some passages relating to weight，mental health，gender and race were changed.The changes made by Puffin Books，a division of Penguin Random House，first were reported by Britain's Daily Telegraph newspaper.
The changes to Dahl's books mark the latest debate over cultural sensitivity.Those who support updates seek to protect young people from cultural，ethnic and gender stereotypes in literature and other media.Critics complain that revisions to suit 21st century sensibilities risk weakening the genius of great artists and preventing readers from facing the world as it is.
The Roald Dahl Story Company controls the rights to the books.The company said it worked with Puffin Books to review the texts because it wanted to ensure that"Dahl's wonderful stories and characters continue to be enjoyed by all children today."
Inclusive Minds，a group that is working to make children's literature more inclusive and accessible，reviewed the language in a partnership effort with Puffin Books.Inclusive language avoids terms that could be seen as excluding specific groups of people.Any changes were"small and carefully considered，"the company said.
"When publishing new print runs of books written years ago，it's not unusual to review the language used alongside updating other details，including a book's cover and page layout，"the company said their guiding principle throughout had been to maintain the storylines，characters，and the spirit of the original text.
PEN America，a community of some 7，500 writers that advocates for freedom of expression，said it was"alarmed"by reports of the changes to Dahl's books.Suzanne Nossel，chief executive of PEN America，commented on Twitter.She said if we try"to correct for sensing slights （怠慢） instead of allowing readers to receive and react to books as written，we risk distorting the work of great authors and clouding the essential lens （透镜） that literature offers on society."
Laura Hackett is a childhood Dahl fan who is now deputy literary editor of London，England's Sunday Times newspaper.She had a more personal reaction to the news."The editors at Puffin should be ashamed of the botched surgery they've carried out on some of the finest children's literature in Britain，"she wrote."As for me，I'll be carefully putting away my old，original copies of Dahl's stories，so that one day my children can enjoy them in their full，nasty and colorful glory."
13. What is the reason for the changes to Dahl's books？ ______
A. To make Dahl's books more enjoyable.
B. To review the language used and add details.
C. To remove words that show disrespect to some people.
D. To keep the storylines，characters，and the spirit of the original text.
14. What might the underlined word in Paragraph 6 probably mean？ ______
A. Preventing. B. Appreciating.
C. Understanding. D. Misrepresenting.
15. Which of the following may Laura Hackett agree？ ______
A. The new version of the books is worth collecting.
B. The original version of the books are more valuable.
C. The original books weaken the genius of great artists.
D. The new version allows readers to receive books as written.
16. What might be the proper title of the passage？ ______
A. New Changes to Roald Dahl Books Start Argument
B. Different Opinions on New Editions of Classic Books
C. Authors or Publishers both Control the Right to Books
D. New Editions of Roald Dahl's Classic Books Available
17. What is the purpose of the passage？ ______
A. To persuade readers to buy Roald Dahl's classic books.
B. To entertain readers by the changes of Roald Dahl's books.
C. To recommend the new version of Roald Dahl's classic books.
D. To inform diverse views on the changes of Roald DahI's books.

三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共7.5分）
Before the discovery of insulin （胰岛素），diabetes was a death sentence.A century ago，people diagnosed with this metabolic disorder usually survived only a few years.（1） ______ But why do some people need insulin and how does it work？
Diabetes has been recognized as a disease since ancient times，and as early as 1775 physician Matthew Dobson detected the presence of sugar in the urine （小便） of diabetics.Physicians had no way to treat their diabetic patients' dangerously high blood sugar levels.In 1797，John Rollo found that a very low-calorie diet could prolong the lives of diabetics.（2） ______ At the beginning of the 20th century，although the biological mechanism of diabetes was understood，medical scientists were yet to come up with an effective treatment.
The most common types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Type I diabetes means the body cannot remake insulin，a deficiency （缺陷） perhaps caused by genetics.（3） ______ It often begins later in life，and can lead to loss of insulin production.This type of diabetes can be caused by lifestyle such as being overweight and lacking physical activity.
（ 4） ______ Without insulin，glucose remains in the blood and is passed through the kidneys into the urine.Diabetics produce a lot of urine as glucose draws water out of the body，leading to thirst.Symptoms like weight loss and a lack of energy may occur when glucose cannot get into the body's cells.
（ Canadian Dr.Frederick Banting，together with medical student Charles Best，building on the work of earlier physicians，isolated insulin from the pancreases （胰腺） of dogs and cows in 1921.A year later，the insulin was first tested on 14-year-old Leonard Thompson who was near death.（5） ______ No other drug in the history of medicine changed the lives of so many people so suddenly.Banting was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in 1923 for his achievement.

A.It restored him to health and strength.
B.Furthermore，that acts slowly and for a long time.
C.Many diabetics are advised to adopt both forms of insulin.
D.However，it was only a matter of time before they finally died of starvation.
E.Type 2 diabetes is a different disease，where the body has difficulty using insulin.
F.Widely regarded as the first true powerful drug，insulin has saved millions of lives.
G.Insulin is a hormone that unlocks cells and lets glucose （葡萄糖） in，where glucose is either used as energy or stored as fuel.
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
21.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
22.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

四、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
I'm Robin Woods.I'm always the first to sign up for teams and plays.But somehow，I'm（1） ______ the first to be picked for them.
"This year our play will be the story of Robin Hood and his Merry Men，"our teacher，Miss Goody，gathered the whole class."Who would like to be Robin Hood？"I（2） ______ ，my hand up into the air.Of course，everybody wanted the biggest and best part especially bossy Bradley.
"（3） ______ for a part and I'll test you on Monday and decide who will be best for each part，"said Miss Goody，handing out pages of the script.I began my practicing on the way home.
On Monday I did some brilliant acting and I remembered all my（4） ______ .I got the part.Bradley got the part of Little John.Becky was one of the ladies-in-waiting Jordan was the minstrel （吟游艺人），who told the tale in song with a little strum of the guitar every now and then.
We had three weeks to learn our parts.Becky offered to（5） ______ with me.She played Little John's part and gave me tips on fighting At home，Granddad came to help me.He could play the guitar and even made up a minstrel dance.He was really getting into the minstrel's part，which（6） ______ me up and made learning my part much easier and funny.
In the final dress rehearsal that afternoon，Bradley fell off the bridge and hurt his ankle!Worse still，Jordan had got a flu.Probably we had to（7） ______ that night's performance for it was just impossible to find two new actors.Girls wailed and sobbed.Boys sighed and shuffled their feet.
It was I that put forward a/an（8） ______ .Granddad could play the part of the minstrel；Becky did the part of Little John and Carly could have her part as lady-in-waiting.Miss Goody sighed and felt（9） ______ Everybody burst into tears of joy.
The performance that night was a great success.I felt like（10） ______ .
23.  A. sometimes B. frequently C. always D. never
24.  A. seized B. clapped C. shot D. shook
25.  A. Look out B. Try out C. Stand out D. Speak out
26.  A. stories B. texts C. passages D. lines
27.  A. dance B. sing C. perform D. practice
28.  A. cheered B. picked C. made D. put
29.  A. cancel B. give C. improve D. evaluate
30.  A. question B. solution C. theory D. argument
31.  A. discouraged B. relieved C. astonished D. embarrassed
32.  A. writer B. composer C. hero D. teacher
第II卷（非选择题）

一、选词填空-句子（本大题共2小题，共10.0分）
1.

poison，dramatic，desperate，submit，sink

(1) Thanks to the efforts of the government，China has seen a/an ______ decrease in rural poverty.
(2) All application forms should ______ to the teacher in charge before May 1st，2023.
(3) Electronic waste also contains ______ metals which are harmful to people's health.
(4) Unfortunately，the Titanic ______ after hitting a huge iceberg in 1912.
(5) "Oh，there's no use in talking to him，"said Alice ______ ，"he's such a fool!"
2.

compare，wave，continue，capable，suspect

(1) The company decided to hire Henry because he was ______ than others.
(2) When you make a/an ______ ，you consider two or more things and discover the differences between them.
(3) Hospital staff were outside to welcome him， ______ flags wildly and applauding loudly.
(4) They've had a/an ______ three-year income rise，so things must be going well.
(5) After hours of questioning by the police，the ______ admitted their crime.
五、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共15.0分）
33. Anyone familiar with the works of Shakespeare will be acquainted with characters such as Juliet and Lady Macbeth，some of（1） ______ are the most memorable female characters.Yet when they were first brought to life in the theatres，they had to be played by men.For a respectable woman，to work outside the home was frowned upon.It was not until the 1660s that women were allowed（2） ______ （ act） professionally in England.As time passed，women in theatre began to portray male characters.One of the most famous examples of a woman（3） ______ （ portray） a man is Sarah Bernhardt's 1899 performance as Hamlet.By the turn of the 20th century，it（4） ______ （ become） increasingly common for women to portray men.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
34. Poems and songs have a lot in common.They both use word pictures（1） ______ （ create） by imagery and figures of speech to help the listener visualise a thing，place or person.They also use rhyme and rhythm to make the poem/song memorable.In days gone by，the bard was the person in the Village who（2） ______ （ sing） songs to the villagers as entertainment.By now，the role of the bard（3） ______ （ replace） by the modern-day pop singer or the poet.
(1)
(2)
(3)
35. AIDS was first identified as a new disease in 1981.Ever since，doctors，scientists and researchers（1） ______ （show） commitment to understanding and fighting it，and have been slowly winning the battle（2） ______ this deadly disease.They soon figured out human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） is the primary cause.（3） ______ was initially adopted for treatment was a single drug，azidothymidine.It was not effective for long.The endless efforts of researchers finally led to a great leap in the mid-1990s，when the combination therapy was developed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
六、句子翻译（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
36. 我突然意识到自己是在浪费时间和精力。（ strike） ______
37. 藤条（vine）上仍然有一片叶子，在风雨中顽强地坚持着。（hold） ______
38. 自从地球有人类居住以来，流行病就时有发生。 ______
39. 同样地，能让一个人产生共鸣的诗，可能会让另一个人感到索然无味。（relate，turn） ______
七、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共8.0分）
40. French author Annie Ernaux，who has mined her own biography to explore life in France since the 1940s，won the 2022 Nobel Prize in literature for work that lights up cloudy corners of memory，family and society.She is just the 17th woman among the 119 Nobel literature laureates （文学奖得主） and is the first French literature laureate since Patrick Modiano in 2014.
Having spent over 5 decades as a writer，the 82-year-old winner has published more than 20 books to her name.Much of her material came out of her experiences being raised in a working-class family in the Normandy region of northwest France.
Ernaux once worked as a teacher before becoming a full-time writer.Two books by other French writers inspired her to be a writer：The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir and Distinction by Pierre Bourdieu.The former led her to write about feminism （女权主义），and the latter raised her awareness of the huge gap between her and the environment she grew up in.
Besides her reading influences，her"upbringing and experiences navigating adolescence and adulthood"also inspire many of her works.For example，the book Shame explores the theme of childhood trauma （创伤） while A Girl's Story follows a young woman's coming of age in the 1950s.Ernaux has used the term"an ethnologist （人类学家） of herself"to describe herself rather than a writer of fiction.Her more than 20 autobiographical books，most of which are very short，chronicle events in her life and the lives of those around her.They present uncompromising portraits of love，relationships，abortion，illness and the deaths of her parents，exploring deeply personal experiences and feelings within a changing web of social and class relationships.
Anders Olsson，chairman of the Nobel literature committee，said Ernaux is"an extremely honest writer who is not afraid to confront the hard truths."
"She writes about things that no one else writes about，for instance her abortion，her jealousy，her experiences as an abandoned lover and so on.I mean，really hard experiences，"he said after the award announcement in Stockholm."And she gives words for these experiences that are very simple and striking.They are short books，but they are really moving."
(1) According to the passage，why was Ernaux awarded Nobel Prize in literature？ ______
(2) How did the book Distinction influence Ernaux？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.Emaucx described herself as"an ethnologist of herself"because she was into the study of ethnology. ______
(4) What qualities of Ernaux do you think deserve to be learned by us？Please explain.（about 40 words） ______
八、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
41. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter发来邮件，表示他对中国文学作品《西游记》很感兴趣，希望你给他介绍一下这本名著，并给出阅读建议。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
（ 1）书目介绍；
（ 2）阅读建议。
参考词汇：
徒弟 disciples 真经Buddhist scriptures
要求：
（ 1）词数100左右；
（ 2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter，
__________________

1.【答案】【小题1】dramatic
【小题2】be submitted
【小题3】poisonous
【小题4】sank
【小题5】desperately
2.【答案】【小题1】more capable
【小题2】comparison
【小题3】waving
【小题4】continuing
【小题5】suspects

3~5.【答案】A、A、C
6~8.【答案】B、B、A
9~12.【答案】C、B、D、D
13~17.【答案】C、D、B、A、D
18~22.【答案】F、D、E、G、A
23~32.【答案】D、C、B、D、D、A、A、B、B、C
33.【答案】【小题1】whom
【小题2】to act
【小题3】portraying
【小题4】had become
34.【答案】【小题1】created
【小题2】sang
【小题3】has been replaced
35.【答案】【小题1】have shown
【小题2】against
【小题3】What

36.【答案】It struck me that I was wasting my time and energy.
37.【答案】There is still a leaf on the vine，which holds strongly in the wind and rain.
38.【答案】Epidemics have been happening for as long as there have been people living on Earth.
39.【答案】Similarly，a poem that can be related by one person may turn boring to another.
40.【答案】【小题1】Because her work uncovered some cloudy social aspects.
【小题2】It helped raise her awareness of the huge gap between her and the environment she grew up in.
【小题3】Because Ernaux mostly recorded realistic events.
【小题4】Ernaux is strong-minded and pioneering in literature and we should learn those valuable qualities from her，who is an extremely honest writer and not afraid to confront the hard truths.She writes about hard experiences that no one else writes about.

41.【答案】Dear Peter，
I'm glad to learn you're interested in Chinese literature.As you requested，I'd like to recommend the book "Journey to the West" to you. （写信目的）
Regarded as one of the four classics in Chinese literature，the book possesses great wisdom and essence of the Chinese language，which makes it worthwhile to read.Furthermore，the book tells an interesting story in which a famous monk in Tang Dynasty went west with his three apprentices who had super power.【高分句型一】It attracts several generations，old and young.（书目介绍）
You may find it challenging to read the original classic，so I advise you should read the simplified versions.Some versions come with many pictures，which makes it easy for readers like you to understand.【高分句型二】Hopefully you will fall in love with this great work.（阅读建议）
Looking forward to your reply.（盼望）
Yours sincerely， Li Hua