【期末专题复习】（牛津译林版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题02- 短文首字母填空20篇（名校最新期末真题）（含解析）

这是一份【期末专题复习】（牛津译林版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题02- 短文首字母填空20篇（名校最新期末真题）（含解析），共35页。试卷主要包含了2亿人生活在饥饿中等内容，欢迎下载使用。
牛津译林版八年级下学期期末考点大串讲
(名校最新期末真题)
专题02 短文首字母填空20篇

短文首字母填空是考查词汇综合运用能力的一种较难的题型。它的特点是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”,留下该词的首字母,它既作为提示又作为限制,让我们根据短文的意思把单词拼写完整。
考生需通读全文,在字里行间捕捉信息,先易后难,既要理清逻辑,又要综合考虑。根据首字母填空考查范围极广,可以是英语知识的方方面面,还可能涉及其他学科,它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文需要。
根据首字母填空的解题技巧如下:
(1) 看第一句动词的时态,确定本文的基本时态;
(2) 通读全文;
(3) 做题:看前后文确定词性,注意名词单复数、动词时态以及单词拼写;
(4)检查所填单词是否符合文意。

（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
Wonder, by United States writer R. J. Palacio, is a powerful story of transformation (改变). It tells the story of a special boy, August Pullman, who was b____1____ with a serious facial difference. And up till now, it has p____2____ him from going to a mainstream school.
When he first started school at 10, everyone made fun of him. August wanted n____3____ more than to be treated as a kid like others—but his new classmates can’t get past his strange face. Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). H____4____, he makes true friends there and even wins an award at his graduation ceremony. August is a hero for the ages, one who proves that you can’t blend in when you were born to stand out.
This book has t____5____ my heart. It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one. I____6____, the story is very realistic, as it shows what could I really happen in middle school. What’s more, it’s told from different points of view (视角). Wonder begins from August’s point of view, but soon switches to (切换到) others’, i____7____ his classmates’, his sister’s and so on. This o____8____ readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.
I think we can all relate to August. In one way or another, we are all just like him. We each have our own d____9____, but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in. We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the c____10____ back and won. Despite all the brutality (残忍) in the world, there’s always a reason to smile.

（2022春·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）What is UNICEF? UNICEF is part of the United Nations. It was s____11____ up in Europe in 1946, after World War II. At that time, m____12____ children’s lives were changed because of the war, and UNICEF wanted to help them. Now UNICEF works in over 190 c____13____ and areas. It helps governments, communities and families make the world a b____14____ place for children .
UNICEF wants all children to be h____15____, so it provides them with clean water and food, and tries to prevent them f____16____ getting illnesses. UNICEF believes that it is important for children to receive basic education, so it p____17____ basic education for children in poor areas. UNICEF keeps working for the equal rights of girls and women. It also w____18____ to prevent the spread of some serious diseases. UNICEF r____19____ money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities. People can s____20____ it by donating money or working as volunteers.

（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）Gulliver’s Travels tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship’s doctor. He has the most unbelievable e___21___ on his travels. The story is told by Gulliver himself and every journey he makes ends w___22___ his ship being broken or attacked by pirates. Each time this happens Gulliver finds h___23___ in a strange land with even stranger people.
Its writer, Jonathan Swift, was born into a poor family in Dublin, Ireland. His mother couldn’t afford to raise her children, s___24___ she left her children in the care of relatives. His life experiences made a great difference to his w___25___. In his works, he had pity on the poor and hated the rich and powerful.
The book was a s___26___ when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults e___27___ it. This is because it can be enjoyed as a young reader’s fantasy story about travel and adventure and also as a political satire （讽刺）for adults.
In fact, Gulliver’ Travels is a travel book and Gulliver is a great adventurer. He always wants to leave h___28___ and travel on the seas another time. All these make the book a classic. So people are never t___29___ while reading.
At the end of the story Gulliver finally ends his travels but he is strongly c___30___ by them. He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized（文明的）society and that we must not feel superior（优越的） to others because they are different.
—Taken from Gulliver’s Travels

（2022春·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
With nothing but her small boat for company (作伴), a British lawyer (律师), Victoria Evans, fought a____31____ high winds and big waves at sea. She s____32____ rowed across the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋) alone. Her adventure (冒险) has set a new world record!
Victoria had never rowed before she took on this challenge (挑战). Three years ago, she had the idea to encourage (鼓励) more females to become a____33____ in sports. After that, she started to practise rowing more than ten hours a day. She then continued to p____34____ for sailing on the ocean.
The 35-year-old started her race from a Spanish island on February 11. D____35____ the trip, high winds made rowing very difficult. At one point, a wave locked the cabin (door from the inside). It took Victoria three hours to open the lock with a knife. Still, she got over all these difficulties. This b____36____ woman completed more than 4,700 kilometers of rowing in 40 days and 19 hours.
Victoria’s adventure r____37____ 24,000 pounds for a charity called Women in Sport. This charity works to give every female the c____38____ to take part in sports.
“Actions speak l____39____ than words,” the lawyer said in a later i____40____, “I wants use this experience to show people one thing: You are able to do anything you set your mind to!”

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词。

Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest.
Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to work i___41___ of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy gets high e___42___, Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.
Ant Forest r___43___ the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球卫士奖）, the UN’s highest environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment.
S___44___ its launch（发起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported Xinhua News Agency. The trees c___45___ an area of 112,000 hectares（公顷）. The project has become China’s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡议）.
This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g___46___. In 1978, China began a national-level forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has improved living conditions and d___47___ local business, according to China Daily.
It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆盖率）among the regions of the project r___48___ 13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.
In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good e___49___ for others to follow.
“China is one of the most s___50___ countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua.

（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a s___51___ town but it’s near a very big river called the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft.
Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e___52___. Judge Thatcher put it in the bank.
I didn’t have a f___53___ or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a___54___. I lived on the streets and in the woods.
Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c___55___. She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b___56___ learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I didn’t m___57___ going. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h___58___ things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f___59___ there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars.
The months passed and w______60______ came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap!

（2022春·江苏盐城·八年级景山中学校考期末）A country cannot live without young people, and young people cannot live without awakening.
                                                                    —Li Dazhao
    This year, the Communist Youth League of China, or CYLC(中国共青团) is turning 100 y___61___ old.
    In 1922, the Youth League h___62___ its first National Congress（全国代表大会）in Guangzhou, which marked its birth. 25 members attended the meeting, representing 5,000 others f___63___ all over the country.
     As a p___64___ of China’s youth movement, the CYLC has more than 73.7 million members nationwide aged 14 to 28, and about 43.8 million of i___65___ members are students. Young people are the future and h___66___ of a country and the CYLC always unites(团结), organizes and serves young people, encouraging them to w___67___ for China’s development.
     Liu Lijia, a senior undergraduate student at Beijing Normal University, said t___68___  as a Youth League member, she thanks the Youth League for helping her development. She will become a volunteer teacher in China’s w___69___ areas and devote h___70___ to bridging the educational gap between different areas.

（2022春·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所给首字母提示，写出合适的英语单词，使短文通顺。

What is social media? It means all kinds of Internet applications, such as QQ, blogs, WeChat and so on. Social media plays an important role in our daily life. By using them, users can s___71___ things like photos, videos and posts with others.
Social media is certainly an interesting place to learn o___72___ opinions on the Internet. But when you are reading so many opinions online, it’s q___73___ possible for you to see some opinions that you strongly disagree with. In fact, you might feel like you should reply to these opinions at once. You might do some research, f___74___ some facts and reply to what are written. You finish writing out your reply, click “post” and win the argument!
Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their i___75___, especially online strangers. You can h___76___ change their opinions just because you argued with them. In fact, it’s possible to make them feel more confident that they’re correct.
And the thing is, when you get in these kinds of fights online, it s___77___ influences(影响) you. You might not know it at first, b___78___ the argument that you take part in can easily make you feel u___79___. If you argue often, you start to enjoy arguing and then end up doing it even more. It’s a dangerous cycle.
I guess the best thing to do is to tell y____80____ that most arguments are meaningless. There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.

（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，并将完整单词填在答题卡的相应位置。
Today I’m here to talk about noise pollution. Not all noise is noise pollution. Noise becomes noise pollution when it begins to harm human and animal life or when it’s not n____81____.
E____82____ of noise pollution include the sounds of cars, buses, lorries, trains and planes. When you stand near a busy road, sometimes the noise can hurt your ears. And people l____83____ near airports often find it difficult to sleep. Noise pollution can also be from machines. We often use very noisy machines around the house or at our jobs. Factory noise is also a big problem. Finally, sometimes loud music can be a form of noise pollution. For example, the music from a club or from your next-door n____84____.
We might think that noise pollution is just a small problem, but actually it can be d____85____. Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution. What’s worse, when people l____86____ sleep because of noise pollution, they become careless. This can lead to accidents, and people can get hurt or e____87____ killed. Finally, noise makes people feel stress. This can lead to heart disease.
What can we do about the problem of noise pollution? We need stronger l____88____ against loud noises. The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports to p____89____ people from the noise. Finally, we can all help with the problem of noise pollution by turning down our music and TVs, and using a s____90____ voice when we talk.

（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。
After my parents’ divorce（离婚）, I moved with my father to a small town when I was 12 years old. I already knew that my teen years would be a h____91____ time of my life. I was a total outsider（旁观者）and a stranger at a new school. I felt really l____92____ in my small town.
But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a love of h____93____ others. This made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive（积极的）energy I s____94____, the more kindness I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, especially teenagers, and help them feel l____95____lonely. Then books entered my life with its special warmth.
Thanks to the w____96____ who wrote those books, the kindness from their books saved my life. Later, one of my biggest d____97____ was to become a writer so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me. Luckily, I have been a full-time writer of teen novels since 2007. I am thankful for this great c____98____ to reach out to my young readers every day.
Small kind acts can change someone’s life. You n____99____ know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily k_____100_____, you can become an architect（缔造者）of positive change.

（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级校考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)
The famous R____101____ writer Lev Tolstory ( 托尔斯泰) once said, “ Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.”
He was right. We always plan to do or dream of doing something great so that we can change the world. For example, we hate pollution, so we try to find new energy r____102____ to keep the environment clean. H____103____ , we still litter on the ground in our lives. Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic, so we plan to build more highways to stop it. But in fact, the main reason for it is that many people don’t f____104____ the traffic rules.
Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and they find it hard to pass exams. In their e____105____, the problems on papers are too difficult. But actually, the real r____106____ is that they don’t study hard. They never think about changing their attitudes t____107____ study or working hard on their lessons.
In my opinion, before we decide to change the world, we should change o____108____ first. As common people, it is not easy for us to change the world, but we can e____109____ give up our bad habits, such as littering, breaking traffic rules and always c____110____ about how difficult the exam is. If we can do that, we’ll be strong enough to change the world some day and make it!

（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）
With the increasing population and cars, many countries w___111___ their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon, so fuel price has risen up to n___112___ 10 yuan per litre (升). As a result, the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes higher and higher.
    Have you ever thought of b___113___ an electric (电) car? Now it’s clear that we all need to act on our empty wallet as well as s___114___ climate (气候) change, however, will people really be ready to make changes in their lives? Can we really make our e___115___ greener than it is now?
If you want to buy an electric car,which would you like? That is a question. It all d___116___ on your personal taste. On May 28, 2022, so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies s___117___ at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, which caught lots of young people’s eyes.
However, Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. It may t___118___ eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving. Many people think it a waste of time. Price is a problem, too. Electric cars cost much. The good news is that electric-car technology (技术) is getting better. As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are going down.
In order to charge the car more easily, our Chinese government is trying to build more charging stations around the country. And it will be a good c___119___ to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip.
Because of better batteries (电池), last month (in May, 2022), 51.2% of all new car registrations (登记) were electric cars. Among them, Chinese auto companies made a great contribution (贡献). So the change is starting to happen. It is safe to say that Chinese auto industry is overtaking in the corner.
Now car-makers are looking for other ways to make the car cheaper. Then more people will use electric cars and we will have a clean and green world in the near f_____120_____. Maybe, you can give them an opportunity, especially those made in China.

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）B）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
The people were scared. They threw rocks at it and attacked it with pitchforks. When they had killed it, they used a horse to drag it away into a field.
M____121____ you wouldn’t do any of those things if you saw a hot-air balloon landing near your home. But back in 1783, very f____122____ people had ever seen such a thing.
Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager. As a grownup, he failed in business. He was very u____123____ his younger brother, Etienne, who was responsible and successful. But when Joseph started reading on his own, he discovered that he loved science and experiments. A lot of good science starts with s____124____ paying attention and thinking about what you’ve seen. Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it.
Joseph noticed that hot air rises. He a____125____ noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it. If you’ve ever watched bits of ash（灰）rising with the smoke from a fire, you’ve seen it too. He wondered, what if I f____126____ a cloth bag with hot air? Would the rising air 1____127____ the bag? Only one way to find out!
Of course, bags filled with hot air r____128____ up. Soon, Joseph and Etienne were making larger and larger cloth bags, which they called balloons, the French word for the ball. They held public demonstrations, filling the balloons over a fire pit and l____129____ them go. The balloons went up and then came d______130______ as the air inside cooled off. Soon all the people in the Montgolfier’s hometown of Annonay were talking about balloons. Next, the brothers went to the great city of Paris to show off their new invention.

（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在标有题号的横线上，完整写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Alice in Wonderland is one of the most loved children’s books of all time, and many adults e____131____ it as well. It tells about a young girl called Alice, who e____132____ a magical world called Wonderland. Her adventures begin when she f____133____ a white rabbit down a hole. At the b____134____ of the hole, she finds a small door into a beautiful garden.  She s____135____ in a pool of her own tears. She meets a cat with a smile. She also meets characters which are from a pack of playing cards and the Queen of Hearts i____136____ her to play croquet. Then she wakes up.
The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll. One day, he had a picnic with t____137____ little girls who were friends of the family. To catch their attention, he told them the s____138____ in which Alice was the main character. The three girls enjoyed the story very much and they asked Charles to w____139____ it down. And he did so. It was first p_____140_____ in 1866, under the name Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. The book was a great success. Since the story was first printed, it has kept selling up to the present day.

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i____141____ for you to behave in a good way.
It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be invited into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e____142____. Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s____143____ you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r____144____ fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f____145____ of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s____146____. You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p____147____ enough food.
For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）. Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f____148____ time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j____149____ explain to them.
Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a g____150____ in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.

（2022春·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。
A Special Team at the Winter Paralympics (残奥会)
A special team was doing some voluntary work at the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympics Games. In fact, these little v____151____ are 68 lovely guide dogs. All of them were strictly c___152___ from a training center in Dalian, Liaoning Province. Months of special training had taught them how to do with complex (复杂的) situations in cold environments.
At the Paralympics, e____153____ of the guide dogs wears a QR code (二维码). By scanning the codes, people can e____154____ learn a lot of detailed information about the dogs, i____155____ their blooding, age, training history and service conditions.
China s____156____ up the first guide dog training center in 2006. Two years l____157____, a guide dog named Lucky made its appearance at the Beijing Paralympics. With its h____158____ , Ping Yali, the first Chinese who got a Paralympic gold medal, completed the torch relay (火炬传递).
Our modern technology will c____159____ to develop. But the special warmth and loyalty of guide dogs are always needed. During the Games, the guide dogs greatly helped the b____160____ athletes to fully enjoy the sports competition.

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级南师附中新城初中校联考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

Today, people can turn on their televisions and watch the Olympics every two years, alternating between summer and winter games. The world’s best athletes t____161____ hard before the games and hope to win a gold, silver, or bronze medal.
However, the first Olympics was quite different from t____162____ Olympic Games. Held in 776 BC at Olympia, in ancient Greece, the games honored the Greek god Zeus. The competition was a c____163____ for athletes to bring honor to their city-states, just as athletes bring honor to their countries nowadays. However, in ancient Greece, only men were allowed to participate.
For 13 years, the ancient Olympics had just one event, a running race. Gradually, the games expanded to i____164____ sports such as chariot and horse racing, boxing, and the pentathlon. The pentathlon i____165____ is made up of five different events: running, wrestling, jumping, throwing a discus, and throwing a javelin.
The ancient Greek Olympics e____166____ around 395 BC and weren’t played again for over 2, 200 years. Finally, in 1894, a Frenchman named Pierre de Coubertin decided to bring the games back. The games were held in 1896 and included nine events. Today’s Olympics include even more sports, such as soccer and skiing, and are now s____167____ into the Summer and Winter Olympics. Cities around the world take turns hosting the Olympics.
W____168____ stopped for seven days before and seven days after the ancient Olympics so that athletes could travel safely to the games. In a s____169____ way, many believe that today’s Olympic Games create goodwill, as nations exhibit strength through competitive sports rather than through battle.
The Paralympics are held every Olympic year. To be in the games, athletes must have a disability. Some don’t have arms or legs. Some have poor balance. Some are in wheelchairs. Some others are b____170____ . The great thing about these games is not the attention to their disability but their skills.

（2021春·江苏南京·八年级校考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, has saved people without any magic. His success on hybrid rice (杂交水稻) fed millions of people in hunger.
Yuan was born on September 7, 1930. After graduating from the the Southwest Agriculture Institute (农业学院), he w____171____ as a teacher at an agriculture school in Hunan.
About 50 years ago, some natural disasters hit China. Yuan saw many people lose their l____172____ because of hunger every day. S____173____ then, he has done research on how to grow good quality rice. In 1964, he found a natural hybrid rice plant by a____174____. It had great advantages over others. Yuan was excited about w____175____ he discovered. He then decided to study this particular plant.
In 1973, he started to grow a type of hybrid rice. It p____176____ 20% more rice each unit than common ones. The next year he had a great s____177____. This progress made China the world’s leader in rice production.
In China, most rice fields grow Yuan’s hybrid rice. He is c____178____ the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.
Yuan died in a hospital in Changsha at the age of 91. He said he had two dreams: the first dream is that people can enjoy the cool from the shade of the strong and tall rice. The s____179____ is that the whole world can plant the rice he developed and all the people in the world are not hungry. Let’s r_____180_____ the great man.
（2021春·江苏盐城·八年级校考期末）
The CPC is short for the Communist Party of China. It was set up a c____181____ ago. That period was a d____182____ time in China’s history. The first Party members wanted to save the country and give C____183____ a better life. The CPC led China to realize the goals of national independence and people’s liberation during the revolutionary times before 1949. It has led the Chinese nation to s____184____ up, become prosperous(繁荣的) and grow strong while leading the people to a____185____ China Dream. Now the CPC is the l____186____ party in the world with over 91 million members. Members of the CPC must wholeheartedly serve the people and be ready to devote their l____187____. They are from all walks of life. They m____188____ be your parents, uncles and aunts, grandparents or teachers. But when danger comes, they stand out and fight for the people b____189____. You can get to know them t____190____ their actions. In the battle against COVID-19, CPC members fight on the front lines. They put the interests of the country and people above their own.

（2021春·江苏南京·八年级南师附中新城初中校考期末）A box of strawberries is left to rot( 腐坏) in your fridge. W___191___ any hesitation(犹豫), you throw it away. But it’s more than just strawberries that you are wasting. The life of a strawberry starts f___192___ a seed(种子). A farmer plants it and waters it. Later, people pick it and pack it in a box. A truck takes it f___193___  —perhaps 200 to 1,000 km—to a supermarket. Water, labor(劳动), fuel(燃料) and money must all be spent in order for a strawberry to come to you. It’s hard for people to r___194___ how much work goes into the food we eat every day.
That makes food waste a big p___195___ around the world. Every year, 1.3 billion tons of food is w___196___ around the world. That’s one-third of the total amount of food we have. In China alone, people waste 35 million tons of food each year, according to CCTV. As we waste food, there are still 820 million people l___197___ in hunger around the world. Also many children go to sleep hungry, and 3.1 million of them die each year. The COVID-19 has made the s____198____ even worse. With many countries no longer transporting(运输) food to other countries during this time, 10,000 more children are dying of hunger each month. “Wasting food means wasting natural r___199___ and missing the chance to f____200____ a growing population in the future,” said UN Food and Agriculture Organization Director-General(粮农组织总干事)Qu Dongyu. It’s time to take action now.

参考答案：
1．(b)orn 2．(p)revented 3．(n)othing 4．(H)owever 5．(t)ouched 6．(I)nstead 7．(i)ncluding 8．(o)ffers 9．(d)ifferences 10．(c)onfidence
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，读者介绍了读《奇迹男孩》有感。
1．句意：它讲述了一个特殊的男孩奥古斯特·普尔曼的故事，他生来就有严重的面部差异。根据“who was…with a serious facial difference”及首字母可知，此处是短语be born with“与生俱来”。故填(b)orn。
2．句意：到目前为止，这使他无法进入主流学校。根据“And up till now, it has…him from going to a mainstream school.”及首字母可知，August脸部的差异阻止他进入主流学校。prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。此处是现在完成时，结构是has done，故谓语动词用其过去分词。故填(p)revented。
3．句意：August只想像其他人一样被当作一个孩子对待。根据“August wanted…more than to be”及首字母可知，此处是短语want nothing more than to do sth.“一心只想做某事”。故填(n)othing。
4．句意：然而，他在那里结交了真正的朋友，甚至在毕业典礼上获奖。根据“Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). …he makes true friends there”及首字母可知，前后文之间是转折关系，空格与后文用逗号隔开，故用however“然而”。故填(H)owever。
5．句意：这本书触动了我的心。根据“This book has…my heart.”及首字母可知，此处指书籍触动读者的心。touch“触动”，动词。本句是现在完成时，结构是has done，故谓语动词用其过去分词。故填(t)ouched。
6．句意：相反，这个故事非常现实，因为它展示了我在中学时可能真正发生的事情。根据“It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one.…, the story is very realistic”及首字母可知，前后是相反的两种情况，应用instead表“相反”。故填(I)nstead。
7．句意：Wonder从August的角度开始，但很快就转到了其他人的角度，包括他的同学、妹妹等等。根据“but soon switches to (切换到) others’,…his classmates’, his sister’s”及首字母可知，此处介绍书籍其他的叙写角度包括August的同学的、妹妹的等等。including“包括”，介词。故填(i)ncluding。
8．句意：这为读者提供了一个了解不同角色感受和想法的机会。根据“This…readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.”及首字母可知，不同的角度提供给读者更好了解角色的机会。offer sb. sth.“提供给某人某物”。本句是一般现在时，主语是代词this，故谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(o)ffers。
9．句意：我们每个人都有自己的不同，但我们不应该试图改变自己来适应。根据“We each have our own…, but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in”及首字母可知，此处指我们每个人都有不同。difference“不同”，名词，用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)ifferences。
10．句意：我们都经历过起伏，但就像八月一样，我们找回了信心并取得了胜利。根据“We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the…back and won”及首字母可知，此处指像August一样找回信心。confidence“信心”，名词，作宾语。故填(c)onfidence。

11．(s)et 12．(m)any 13．(c)ountries 14．(b)etter 15．(h)ealthy 16．(f)rom 17．(p)rovides 18．(w)orks 19．(r)aises 20．(s)upport

【导语】本文主要介绍了联合国儿童基金会对儿童生活和教育方面的影响，并建议我们做一些志愿者工作。
11．句意：1946年，第二次世界大战后，该组织在欧洲成立。根据“It was ... up in Europe in 1946”及首字母可知，此处指set up“成立”，was后跟过去分词构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填(s)et。
12．句意：当时，许多儿童的生活因为战争而改变，联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。根据“children’s lives”及首字母可知，此处指“许多”many，后跟可数名词复数形式。故填(m)any。
13．句意：目前联合国儿童基金会在190多个国家和地区开展工作。根据“and areas”及首字母可知，此处指“国家”country，190后跟名词复数形式。故填(c)ountries。
14．句意：它帮助政府、社区和家庭为儿童创造一个更美好的世界。根据“ It helps governments, communities and families make the world a ... place for children .”及上文“许多孩子的生活因为战争而改变”可知，句中暗含比较之意，指的是创造更美好的世界，结合首字母，better符合语境。故填(b)etter。
15．句意：联合国儿童基金会希望所有的孩子都健康，所以它为他们提供干净的水和食物，并努力防止他们生病。根据“so it provides them with clean water and food, and tries to prevent them ...getting illnesses”可知，提供干净的水和食物是为了防止他们生病，所以此处指希望他们健康，空处用形容词healthy“健康的”作表语，故填(h)ealthy。
16．句意：联合国儿童基金会希望所有的孩子都健康，所以它为他们提供干净的水和食物，并努力防止他们生病。prevent...from...“防止”，固定短语。故填(f)rom。
17．句意：联合国儿童基金会认为儿童接受基础教育很重要，因此它为贫困地区的儿童提供基础教育。provide sth for sb“为某人提供某物”，主语是it，结合“ believes that it is ”可知，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填(p)rovides。
18．句意：它还致力于防止一些严重疾病的传播。根据“UNICEF keeps working for...”和“also ”及首字母可知，此处指work“工作”，主语是it，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式。故填(w)orks。
19．句意：联合国儿童基金会通过出售圣诞卡和组织其他活动筹钱。根据“money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities.”及首字母可知，此处指“筹钱”raise money，主语是UNICEF，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用用三单形式。故填(r)aises。
20．句意：人们可以通过捐款或做志愿者来支持它。根据“it by donating money or working as volunteers”及首字母可知，通过捐款或做志愿者的方式是来支持它，support“支持”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填(s)upport。

21．(e)xperiences 22．(w)ith 23．(h)imself 24．(s)o 25．(w)orks/(w)riting/(w)ritings 26．(s)uccess/(s)urprise 27．(e)njoy 28．(h)ome 29．(t)ired 30．(c)hanged

【导语】本文介绍一本故事书——《格列佛游记》。
21．句意：他在旅行中有最令人难以置信的经历。根据“Gulliver’s Travels tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship’s doctor.”及首字母提示可知，此处讲的是“他的经历”，experience“经历”，是名词，此处表示泛指，名词用复数形式，故填(e)xperiences。
22．句意：他每一次旅行都以他的船被海盗破坏或袭击而告终。根据“ends...his ship being broken or attacked by pirates”及首字母提示可知，此处是end with“以……结束”，故填(w)ith。
23．句意：每次发生这种情况，格列佛都会发现自己身处一片陌生的土地，身边有更多的陌生人。根据“Each time this happens Gulliver finds ...in a strange land with even stranger people.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“发现自己身处一片陌生的土地”，应用反身代词，故填(h)imself。
24．句意：他的母亲负担不起抚养孩子的费用，所以她把孩子留给亲戚照顾。空格前后是因果关系，后句表示结果，应用so连接，故填(s)o。
25．句意：他的生活经历对他的作品/写作产生了巨大的影响。根据“His life experiences made a great difference to his...”及首字母提示可知，生活经历对他的作品/写作产生了影响，work“作品”，writing“写作”，都是名词，此处用单数或复数形式均可，表示一部作品或泛指多部，故填(w)orks/(w)riting(s)。
26．句意：这本书首次出版时是一个成功/惊喜，今天仍然很受欢迎，因为年轻读者和成年人都喜欢它。根据“when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults”及首字母提示可知，这本书一出版就很成功，就很让人吃惊，此处应用单数名词，故填(s)uccess/(s)urprise。
27．句意：因为年轻读者和成年人都喜欢它。“is still popular today”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是enjoy“喜欢”，主语是复数名词，动词用原形，故填(e)njoy。
28．句意：他总想改天离开家到海上去旅行。根据“travel on the seas”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“离开家”，home“家”，故填(h)ome。
29．句意：。所以人们在阅读时从不感到疲倦。根据“All these make the book a classic.”及首字母提示可知，因为是经典，所以阅读时从不厌倦，tired“疲倦的”，故填(t)ired。
30．句意：在故事的最后，格列佛终于结束了他的旅行，但他被他们强烈地改变了。根据“He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized（文明的）society and that we must not feel superior（优越的） to others because they are different.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是change“改变”，此处是被动结构，动词用过去分词形式，故填(c)hanged。

31．(a)gainst 32．(s)uccessfully 33．(a)ctive 34．(p)repare 35．(D)uring 36．(b)rave 37．(r)aised 38．(c)hance 39．(l)ouder 40．(i)nterview

【导语】本文讲述了英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯独立穿越大西洋，创造了新的世界纪录，通过她的经历主要是鼓励更多的女性参与运动，同时也从她的经历中得出一个道理：只要你下定决心，你就能做任何事！
31．句意：英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯只带着她的小船，在海上与狂风大浪搏斗。根据“high winds and big waves at sea”及首字母提示可知，此处表示小船与大风大浪搏斗，是fight against“与……作斗争”，故填(a)gainst。
32．句意：她独自一人成功地划过大西洋。根据“rowed across the Atlantic Ocean alone. Her adventure has set a new world record!”及首字母提示可知，她成功地穿过了大西洋，修饰动词用副词，故填(s)uccessfully。
33．句意：三年前，她有了鼓励更多女性积极参与体育运动的想法。根据“had the idea to encourage more females to become...in sports”及首字母提示可知，是鼓励女性积极参与运动，active“积极的”，是形容词，故填(a)ctive。
34．句意：然后她继续准备在海上航行。根据“for sailing on the ocean.”及首字母提示可知，她继续做准备，此处是prepare for“为……准备”，故填(p)repare。
35．句意：在旅途中，大风使划船变得非常困难。根据“the trip, high winds made rowing very difficult”及首字母提示可知，此处说的是在旅行期间，during“在……期间”符合，故填(D)uring。
36．句意：这位勇敢的女子在40天19小时内完成了4700多公里的划船。根据“rowed across the Atlantic Ocean alone. Her adventure has set a new world record!”及首字母提示可知，这位女子是勇敢的，故填(b)rave。
37．句意：维多利亚的冒险为一个名为“运动中的女性”的慈善机构筹集了24000英镑。根据“24,000 pounds for a charity called Women in Sport. This charity...”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“筹钱”，raise money“筹钱”，描述的动作已完成，应用一般过去时，故填(r)aised。
38．句意：这个慈善机构致力于让每一位女性都有机会参加体育活动。根据“give every female the...to take part in sports.”及首字母提示可知，慈善机构给了每一位女性运动的机会，故填(c)hance。
39．句意：事实胜于雄辩。根据“Actions speak...than words”及首字母提示可知，此处是习语“Actions speak louder than words”，表示“事实胜于雄辩”，故填(l)ouder。
40．句意：这位律师在随后的采访中说。根据“I wants use this experience to show people one thing: You are able to do anything you set your mind to!”及首字母提示可知，这是这位女性在采访中的话，此处指的是“采访”，故填(i)nterview。

41．(i)nstead 42．(e)nough 43．(r)eceived 44．(S)ince 45．(c)over 46．(g)reen 47．(d)eveloped 48．(r)aised 49．(e)xample 50．(s)uccessful

【导语】本文主要介绍了支付宝中蚂蚁森林，介绍蚂蚁森林如何运行以及带来的影响等，它通过记录人们低碳行为获得的绿色能量，在干旱地区种植真实的树，以此鼓励人们用以绿色的生活方式保护环境。
41．句意：例如，乘坐公共汽车而不是开车上班。根据“It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to work ...of driving”可知，蚂蚁森林提倡低碳活动，所以是乘坐公交而不是开车，instead of“而不是”，故填(i)nstead。
42．句意：当用户的绿色能量足够高时，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴将为该用户种植一棵真正的树。根据“When a user’s green energy gets high ..., Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.”可知，攒取足够高的绿色能量，就会种一颗真树，enough“足够”，修饰high，故填(e)nough。
43．句意：蚂蚁森林因鼓励人们过更绿色的生活方式，保护环境，获得了联合国最高环保荣誉——2019年地球冠军奖。根据“Ant Forest ...the 2019 Champions of the Earth award”可知，获得奖项，receive“获得”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)eceived。
44．句意：据新华社报道，自2016年8月成立以来，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴已经在中国最干旱地区种植了约1.22亿棵树，包括内蒙古、甘肃、青海和山西等地区。根据“Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million trees in China’s driest areas”可知，“since+过去时间点”常与现在完成时连用，since“自从”，句首需大写首字母，故填(S)ince。
45．句意：树木覆盖面积为11.2万公顷。根据“The trees....an area of 112,000 hectares.”及首字母可知，此处指“覆盖面积”，cover“覆盖”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，d故填(c)over。
46．句意：这只是中国绿化地球努力的一部分。根据“This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth ....”及首字母可知，是中国绿化地球，green“绿色的”，作宾语补足语，故填(g)reen。
47．句意：据《中国日报》报道，该项目改善了当地的生活条件，发展了当地的商业。根据“.....local business”及首字母可知，是发展当地商业，develope“发展”，时态是现在完成时，空处用过去分词。故填(d)eveloped。
48．句意：据报道，2017年，该项目区域的森林覆盖率提高了13.57%，而40年前为5.05%。根据“It’s reported the forest coverage rate among the regions of the project r...13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.”可知，森林覆盖率提高了，raise“提高”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)aised。
49．句意：鉴于中国在防治荒漠化方面取得的成功，联合国环境规划署认为中国是其他国家学习的好榜样。根据“the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good ....for others to follow.”可知，中国是其他国家学习的好榜样，example“榜样，例子”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)xample。
50．句意：中国是沙漠绿化最成功的国家之一，有经验可以与世界分享。根据“China is one of the most s...countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.”可知，中国早沙漠绿化这一方面是成功的，successful“成功的”，与空前the most形成最高级，在句中作定语修饰countries，故填(s)uccessful。

51．(s)mall 52．(e)ach 53．(f)amily 54．(a)ge 55．(c)hanged 56．(b)ecause 57．(m)ind 58．(h)ardest 59．(f)ree 60．(w)inter

【导语】本文介绍了作者没有亲人没有家，被一个老妇人收养，虽然过上了好日子，但是怀念以前在树林里自由自在的生活。几个月过去了，冬天来了，作者在窗外雪地上发现了脚印，他猜是他的爸爸回来了。
51．句意：它是个小镇但是它在一个非常大的叫密西西比河的附近。but表示转折关系，可推断此空与big相对应，形容词作定语修饰town。small表示“小的”。故填(s)mall。
52．句意：我们每个人得到6000美元。根据“Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich”可知我和Tom sawyer两个人发现12000美元，因此每人6000美元。each表示“每个”。故填(e)ach。
53．句意：我没有家人或家。根据“My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared”可知我没有家人。a后接可数名词单数。family表示“家人；家庭”。故填(f)amily。
54．句意：我不像我同龄的其他男孩一样去上学。根据“the other boys of my…”及首字母可知，此处指其他的同龄男孩，age“年龄”符合。故填(a)ge。
55．句意：一个善良的老妇人Douglas请我去跟她一起住，我的人生发生了改变。此空是谓语动词，并且时态为一般过去时。根据“She gave me bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day”及后文说她给我买衣服送我上学，可知我的人生发生了改变。change表示“改变”，此处用过去式changed。故填(c)hanged。
56．句意：起初我不喜欢去那因为学习非常难。此空是连词连接两个句子，前后句表示因果关系，故填(b)ecause。
57．句意：当我会读会写了一些，我并不介意去做。此空缺少谓语动词，but表示转折，与上一句“我不喜欢”对应，mind表示“介意”，此处表示“我不介意去做”，助动词didn’t后接动词原形，故填(m)ind。
58．句意：对我来说，在餐桌前吃饭、在软软的床上睡觉是最难的事情。此空是形容词作定语修饰名词things，根据the可知此处是形容词最高级形式。根据“I missed my old life”可知现在这种生活我觉得很难。hard表示“困难的”。故填(h)ardest。
59．句意：我在那感觉很自由，我很快乐。feel为系动词，与形容词构成系表结构。根据“I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars”及首字母可知，在那的日子很自由，free表示“自由的”。故填(f)ree。
60．句意：几个月过去了，冬天来了。根据“One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the window’s house”可知“冬天”来了。winter表示“冬天”。故填(w)inter。

61．(y)ears 62．(h)eld 63．(f)rom 64．(p)ioneer 65．(i)ts 66．(h)ope 67．(w)ork 68．(t)hat 69．(w)estern 70．(h)erself

【导语】本文主要介绍了中国共青团的历史、规模及其理念。
61．句意：今年是中国共青团的100岁生日。根据“100...old”可知是指100岁，years符合语境，故填(y)ears。
62．句意：1922年，共青团在广州召开了第一次全国代表大会，标志着共青团的诞生。根据“its first National Congress（全国代表大会）in Guangzhou,”可知会议是被召开的，hold“举行”，动词，时态是一般过去时，故填(h)eld。
63．句意：25名成员参加了会议，代表了来自全国各地的5000人。根据“representing 5,000 others...all over the country.”可知此处应填一个介词，结合首字母，from“来自”符合，故填(f)rom。
64．句意：作为中国青年运动的先行者，共青团在全国有7370多万名14岁至28岁的会员，其中约4380万名是学生。根据“ As a p...of China’s youth movement,”结合首字母可知，此处是指共青团是中国青年运动的先行者，pioneer“先驱者”，可数名词，被a修饰，用单数，故填(p)ioneer。
65．句意：作为中国青年运动的先行者，共青团在全国有7370多万名14岁至28岁的会员，其中约4380万名是学生。此处需用一个代词，指代共青团的，its“它的”符合语境，故填(i)ts。
66．句意：青年是国家的未来和希望。根据“Young people are the future and...of a country”结合单词首字母可知，此处是指青年是国家的未来和希望，hope“希望”符合语境，故填(h)ope。
67．句意：共青团始终团结、组织、服务青年，鼓励青年为国家的发展而努力。根据“ encouraging them to...for China’s development.”可知是指为国家发展而努力工作，work“工作”，动词，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形，故填(w)ork。
68．句意：北京师范大学大四学生刘丽佳表示，作为一名共青团员，她感谢共青团对自己发展的帮助。分析空处前后可知，这是一个宾语从句，结合首字母可知that符合，引导宾语从句，无实际意义，故填(t)hat。
69．句意：她将成为中国西部地区的支教教师，致力于弥合不同地区之间的教育差距。根据“a volunteer teacher in China’s w...areas”结合首字母可知是指西部地区，western“西部的”，形容词作定语，故填(w)estern。
70．句意：她将成为中国西部地区的支教教师，致力于弥合不同地区之间的教育差距。固定短语devote oneself“致力于”，结合首字母h可知应填herself“她自己”。故填(h)erself。

71．(s)hare 72．(o)thers’ 73．(q)uite 74．(f)ind 75．(i)deas 76．(h)ardly 77．(s)lowly/(s)urely 78．(b)ut 79．(u)nhappy 80．(y)ourself/(y)ourselves

【导语】本文主要讲述了在社交媒体上与人争论的现象。
71．句意：通过使用它们，用户可以与他人分享照片、视频和帖子等内容。根据“Social media”和首字母提示可知，社交媒体可以分享照片、视频等；share“分享”，且情态动词后接动词原形；故填(s)hare。
72．句意：社交媒体当然是一个有趣的地方来了解别人在互联网上的观点。根据“opinions on the Internet”和首字母提示可知，学习其他人的观点，others’“其他人的”符合句意；故填(o)thers’。
73．句意：但是当你在网上阅读这么多观点时，你很可能会看到一些你强烈反对的观点。根据“possible”和首字母提示可知，需要副词修饰形容词，应该是很有可能；quite“非常”符合句意；故填(q)uite。
74．句意：你可以做一些调查，找到一些事实，并回复所写的内容。根据“do some research”和首字母提示可知，做调查是为了找出事实，且情态动词后接动词原形，find“找到”符合句意；故填(f)ind。
75．句意：大多数人不喜欢别人不同意自己的观点，尤其是网上的陌生人。根据“Most people don’t like it”和首字母提示可知，不同意他们的观点，idea“主意、观点”，此处用复数；故填(i)deas。
76．句意：你不能因为和他们争论就改变他们的观点。根据“change their opinions just because you argued with them”和首字母提示可知，很难改变，hardly“几乎不”符合句意；故填(h)ardly。
77．句意：问题是，当你在网上卷入这种争斗时，它肯定/慢慢会影响你。根据“influences(影响) you”和首字母提示可知，这种争论肯定会影响你，或是慢慢影响你，副词修饰动词，slowly“慢慢地”/surely“肯定”符合句意；故填(s)lowly/(s)urely。
78．句意：一开始你可能不知道，但你参与的争论很容易让你感到不快。根据“You might not know it at first”和首字母提示可知，前后两句是转折关系，but符合句意；故填(b)ut。
79．句意：一开始你可能不知道，但你参与的争论很容易让你感到不快。根据“the argument that you take part in”和首字母提示可知，争论会让你感觉不开心，unhappy“不高兴的”符合句意；故填(u)nhappy。
80．句意：我想最好的办法就是告诉自己大多数的争论都是没有意义的。根据“that most arguments are meaningless”和首字母提示可知，告诉自己，yourself/yourselves“你自己/你们自己”符合句意；故填(y)ourself/(y)ourselves。

81．(n)ecessary 82．(E)xamples 83．(l)iving 84．(n)eighbor/(n)eighbour 85．(d)angerous 86．(l)ose 87．(e)ven 88．(l)aws 89．(p)rotect 90．(s)ofter/(s)oft

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了噪音污染的来源，危害以及解决措施。
81．句意：当噪声开始危害人类和动物的生命时，或者当没有必要时，噪声就成为噪声污染。根据上文“when it begins to harm human and animal life”以及首字母可知，此处是指什么情况下变成噪音污染，因此表达当它不“必要的”时候。故填(n)ecessary。
82．句意：噪音污染的例子包括汽车、公共汽车、卡车、火车和飞机的声音。根据“the sounds of cars, buses, lorries, trains and planes.”可知，此处是举例来说噪音污染有哪些，根据首字母提示，example表示“例子”，为可数名词，此处用复数。故填(E)xamples。
83．句意：居住在机场附近的人们经常觉得很难入睡。根据“people ... near airports”及首字母可知，此处表达居住在机场附近的人们，live表示“居住”，此处用现在分词作后置定语，修饰people。故填(l)iving。
84．句意：例如，来自一个俱乐部或从你的隔壁邻居的音乐。根据“from your next-door”及首字母可知，此处表示的是“邻居”。故填(n)eighbo(u)r。
85．句意：我们也许认为噪音污染只是小问题，但是事实上它是由危险的。根据下文“Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution”可知，此处是说噪音污染是有危险的，be动词后跟形容词，dangerous表示“危险的”。故填(d)angerous。
86．句意：更糟糕的是，当人们因为噪音污染而失眠时，就会变得粗心大意。根据“because of noise pollution, they become careless.”以及首字母可知，此处表达失去睡眠，lose表示“失去”，句子为一般现在时，people为复数。故填(l)ose。
87．句意：这可能导致事故，人们可能受伤甚至死亡。根据上文“This can lead to accidents, and people can get hurt”以及首字母可知，此处应用程度副词表达“甚至”。故填(e)ven。
88．句意：我们需要更强有力的法律来反对噪音。根据下文“The government also needs to put up walls”可知，此处用law表示“法律”，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填(l)aws。
89．句意：政府也需要张贴在紧挨道路和机场的墙上来保护人们免受噪音的危害。根据“The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports”可知，此处是指保护人们免受噪音的伤害，protect表示“保护”，to后跟动词原形。故填(p)rotect。
90．句意：最后，我们都可以通过调低音乐和电视的音量，以及说话时使用（更）柔和的声音来帮助解决噪音污染问题。根据“ we can all help with the problem of noise pollution ... voice when we talk.”可知，此处表达更柔和或者柔和的声音来解决噪音污染，soft表示“柔和的”，此处既可以用原级也可以用比较级。故填(s)ofter/(s)oft。

91．(h)ard 92．(l)onely 93．(h)elping 94．(s)hared 95．(l)ess 96．(w)riters 97．(d)reams 98．(c)hance 99．(n)ever 100．(k)indness

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者父母离婚之后，作者感到很孤独，但是作者从志愿者活动以及读书中找到了人生目标，并意识到一些小善举可以改变一个人的生活。
91．句意：我已经知道，我的青少年时期将是我一生中的艰难时刻。根据“After my parents’ divorce...”以及首字母可知作者的父母离婚了，所以作者觉得青少年时期是很艰难的，修饰名词time用形容词hard“艰难的”。故填(h)ard。
92．句意：在我的小镇上，我感到非常孤独。根据“I was a total outsider（旁观者）and a stranger at a new school”以及首字母可知作者在学校是一个陌生人，所以作者感到很孤独，作表语用形容词lonely“孤独的”。故填(l)onely。
93．句意：我把我的问题变成了对帮助他人的热爱。根据“But by starting to do volunteer work”以及首字母可知作者做志愿者去帮助别人，help“帮助”，介词of后加动名词。故填(h)elping。
94．句意：我分享的正能量越多，我得到的善意就越多。根据“The more positive（积极的）energy I”以及首字母可知作者做志愿者，去分享自己的积极能力，share“分享”，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)hared。
95．句意：我意识到我的人生目标是接触人们，尤其是青少年，帮助他们减少孤独感。根据“and help them feel...lonely”以及首字母可知是帮助让他们不那么孤独，less lonely“不那么孤独”。故填(l)ess。
96．句意：感谢写这些书的作家，他们书中的善意拯救了我的生命。根据“who wrote those books”以及首字母可知是写这些书的作家，writer“作家”，此处用名词复数。故填(w)riters。
97．句意：后来，我最大的梦想之一是成为一名作家，这样我就可以写出能帮助其他青少年的书，就像那些书对我的帮助一样。根据“was to become a writer so I could write books”以及首字母可知成为一名作家是作者的其中一个梦想，dream“梦想”，one of后加名词复数。故填(d)reams。
98．句意：我很感激有这个每天接触我的年轻读者的好机会。根据“reach out to my young readers every day”以及首字母可知作者成为了一名作家，所以有机会接触年轻的读者，chance“机会”，this后加名词单数。故填(c)hance。
99．句意：你永远不知道别人正在经历什么。根据“know what someone else is going through”以及首字母可知是永远不知道别人的经历，never“从不”。故填(n)ever。
100．句意：但是通过每天练习善良，你可以成为积极改变的缔造者。根据“Small kind acts can change someone’s life”以及首字母可知一些小善举可以带来积极改变，形容词daily后加名词kindness“善良”。故填(k)indness。

101．(R)ussian 102．(r)esources 103．(H)owever 104．(f)ollow 105．(e)yes 106．(r)eason 107．(t)oward/(t)owards/(t)o 108．(o)urselves 109．(e)asily 110．(c)omplaining

【导语】本文主要向我们讲述了在我们决定改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己。
101．句意：俄罗斯著名作家列夫·托尔斯泰曾经说过：“每个人都想改变世界，但没有人想过改变自己。”根据常识可知列夫·托尔斯泰是俄罗斯作家，Russian“俄罗斯的”，故填(R)ussian。
102．句意：例如，我们讨厌污染，所以我们试图寻找新能源来保持环境清洁。根据“so we try to find new energy...to keep the environment clean”结合单词首字母可知，此处指的是新能源，resource“资源，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(r)esources。
103．句意：然而，在我们的生活中，我们仍然在地上乱扔垃圾。根据“ so we try to find new energy r...to keep the environment clean...we still litter on the ground in our lives.”可知前后句是转折关系，however符合语境，故填(H)owever。
104．句意：但事实上，主要原因是许多人不遵守交通规则。根据“ Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic”可知我们对交通状况不满意主要是因为许多人不遵守交通规则。follow the traffic rules“遵守交通规则”，空前有助动词，动词用原形，故填(f)ollow。
105．句意：在他们看来，试卷上的问题太难了。固定短语in one’ eyes“在某人看来”，故填(e)yes。
106．句意：但实际上，真正的原因是他们不努力学习。根据“Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and they find it hard to pass exams”可知很多学生总是认为他们的家庭作业很难，他们发现很难通过考试的真正的原因是他们不努力学习，reason“原因”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(r)eason。
107．句意：们从来没有想过改变他们对学习的态度或努力学习功课。根据“ changing their attitudes t...study”可知此处指的是对学习的态度，结合首字母可知，此处应用toward(s)/to“对，朝向”，故填(t)oward/(t)owards/(t)o。
108．句意：在我看来，在我们决定改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己。根据上文托尔斯泰说的话“Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself”以及此处的单词首字母可知，改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己，ourselves“我们自己”，故填(o)urselves。
109．句意：作为普通人，我们不容易改变世界，但我们可以很容易地放弃我们的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则，总是抱怨考试是多么困难。根据“ it is not easy for us to change the world, but we can...give up our bad habits, such as littering, breaking traffic rules”结合单词首字母可知，乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则这些坏习惯很容易改变，easily“容易地”，副词修饰动词，符合语境，故填(e)asily。
110．句意：作为普通人，我们不容易改变世界，但我们可以很容易地放弃我们的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则，总是抱怨考试是多么困难。根据“always...about how difficult the exam is”结合单词首字母可知，此处指的是抱怨，complain“抱怨”，动词，此处应用动名词形式作as的宾语，故填(c)omplaining。

111．(w)orry 112．(n)early 113．(b)uying 114．(s)erious 115．(e)nvironment/(e)arth 116．(d)epends 117．(s)hone 118．(t)ake 119．(c)hance 120．(f)uture

【导语】本文主要讲述了电动汽车的使用会成为一种趋势以及其优势。
111．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“many countries...their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon,”和首字母可知，此处是指担心燃料或汽油用完。worry“担心”，动词；再根据“the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes”可知，本句描述一个客观事实，需用一般现在时。主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)orry。
112．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“fuel price has risen up to...10 yuan per litre”和首字母可知，此处是指燃油价格已涨到每升近10元。nearly“几乎”，副词。故填(n)early。
113．句意：你有没有想过买一辆电动汽车？根据“If you want to buy an electric car”可知，此处是指买一辆电动汽车。buy“买”，动词；又因空前有介词“of”，其后跟动名词形式。故填(b)uying。
114．句意：现在很明显，我们都需要对我们的空钱包以及严重的气候变化采取行动。根据“make our...greener than it is now?”和首字母可知，此处是指此处是指严重的气候变化。serious“严重的”，形容词作定语。故填(s)erious。
115．句意：我们真的可以让我们的环境/地球比现在更环保吗？根据“Can we really make our...greener than it is now?”和常识可知，燃油汽车对环境/地球不环保。所以此处是指使用电动汽车可以让环境/地球比现在更环保吗。environment“环境”/earth“地球”，名词。故填(e)nvironment/(e)arth。
116．句意：这完全取决于您的个人品味。固定短语depend on“取决于”；本句是一般现在时，且主语“It”是单数，动词用三单形式。故填(d)epends。
117．句意：2022年5月28日，众多中国车企打造的智能电动汽车在广东深圳大湾区车展上大放异彩，吸引了众多年轻人的目光。根据“so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies...at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen”和首字母可知，此处是指智能电动汽车在车展上大放异彩。固定短语shine at sth.“表现出色”；再根据“caught lots of young people’s eyes.”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词需用过去式shone。故填(s)hone。
118．句意：充电300公里，可能需要8小时甚至更长时间。根据“It may...eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving.”和备选词可知，“take”符合语境，意为花费时间。故填(t)ake。
119．句意：这将是一个解决长途旅行充电问题的好机会。根据“it will be a good...to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip.”和首字母可知，此处是指解决问题的好机会。固定句型it’s a good chance to do sth.“这是做某事的好机会”。故填(c)hance。
120．句意：然后更多的人将使用电动汽车，我们将在不久的将来拥有一个清洁绿色的世界。根据“we will have a clean and green world in the near...”可知，本句是一般将来时，此处future“将来”符合语境，固定短语in the future“在将来”。故填(f)uture。

121．(M)aybe 122．(f)ew 123．(u)nlike 124．(s)imply 125．(a)lso 126．(f)illed 127．(l)ift 128．(r)ose 129．(l)etting 130．(d)own

【导语】本文讲述了约瑟夫·蒙戈尔发明热气球的具体过程以及热气球的原理。
121．句意：如果你看到一个热气球在你家附近降落，也许你不会做这些事情。根据后文“you wouldn’t do any of those things”可推断，这里表示“可能你不会”，结合首字母可知，这里应用“maybe”表达“可能”（位于句首开头字母大写）。故填(M)aybe。
122．句意：但是在1783年，很少有人见过这样的东西。结合前后文“But back in 1783”“people had ever seen such a thing.”可知，这里表示1978年的人没见过热气球这种东西，故此句为否定句，由“people”和首字母可推断此处应考查“few”表示“几乎没有”来修饰“people”。故填(f)ew。
123．句意：他非常不像他的弟弟艾蒂安，一个负责任的成功人士。根据前文“Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager.”及后文“who was responsible and successful”可知这里表达约瑟夫·蒙戈尔跟弟弟艾蒂安完全不像，故填(u)nlike。
124．句意：许多好的科学都是从简单地关注和思考你所看到的开始的。由“Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it.”可知约瑟夫通过简单观察却做出不平凡的事，故推断空内表达“简单观察”，这里需要副词修饰动词短语“paying attention”，结合首字母可知，应用simply。故填(s)imply。
125．句意：他还注意到上升的热空气可以携带固体物体。根据前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知本句表达“注意到……还注意到……”，结合首字母可知这里考查“also”表示“也”。故填(a)lso
126．句意：他想知道，如果我用热空气装满一个布袋会怎么样？由前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知约瑟夫发现空气加热可以携带固体，由后文“a cloth bag with hot air?”可推断此处表达“如果我用热空气装满一个布袋会怎么样”fill with“装满，充满”，时态为一般过去时，故填(f)illed。
127．句意：上升的空气会提起袋子吗？根据前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知约瑟夫发现空气加热可以携带固体，这里表示猜测“空气上升时会提起袋子吗？”，结合首字母可知此处考查“lift”表示“抬起，升高”。故填(l)ift。
128．句意：当然，充满热空气的袋子会上升。由前文“Would the rising air lift the bag? ”可知，当时的约瑟夫好奇它会不会上升，而由“Of course,”可断定“充满空气的袋子当然会上升”，结合首字母可知此处考查“rise”表达“上升”，时态为一般过去时，故填(r)ose。
129．句意：他们举行公开演示，将气球置于在火坑上填充，然后放飞。根据前文“filling the balloons over a fire pit and”可知此处表达“让气球飞起来”，结合首字母可知这里考查“let”表示“让”，由“and”前的“filling”可推断填空处与其并列，应用动名词。故填(l)etting。
130．句意：气球上升，然后随着里面的空气冷却下来。由“as the air inside cooled off. ”可推断当气球里面的空气冷却下来时，气球会降落下来，come down“下降”。故填(d)own。

131．(e)njoy 132．(e)nters 133．(f)ollows 134．(b)ottom 135．(s)wims 136．(i)nvites 137．(t)hree 138．(s)tory 139．(w)rite 140．(p)rinted

【导语】本文介绍了《爱丽丝梦游仙境》这本书的故事内容以及作家创作它的过程。
131．句意：《爱丽丝梦游仙境》一直以来都是最受欢迎的儿童读物之一，许多成年人也很喜欢。根据“Alice in Wonderland is one of the most loved children’s books of all time”和“as well”可知，成年人也喜欢这本书，enjoy“喜欢”，主语many adults是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填(e)njoy。
132．句意：它讲述了一个叫爱丽丝的小女孩，她进入了一个叫仙境的魔法世界。根据“Her adventures begin”可知，她的冒险开始了，因此她进入这个魔法世界，enter“进入”，定语从句的先行词Alice是第三人称单数形式，因此定语从句的谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(e)nters。
133．句意：她的冒险始于跟随一只白兔进入一个洞。结合句意和首字母f，可知，她开始了冒险，是跟随一只兔子，follow“跟着”，主语she是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(f)ollows。
134．句意：在洞的底部，她发现了一扇通往美丽花园的小门。根据“Her adventures begin when she f…a white rabbit down a hole.”可知，她进入一个洞，因此到达了洞的底部，at the bottom of表示“在……的底部”，故填(b)ottom。
135．句意：她在自己的泪水池里游泳。根据“in the pool of…”可知，在池子里游泳，swim“游泳”，主语she是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(s)wims。
136．句意：她还遇到了来自一副扑克牌的角色，红心皇后邀请她去玩槌球。根据句意及首字母可知，此处考查invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，主语the Queen of Hearts是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填(i)nvites。
137．句意：一天，他和三个小女孩一起野餐，她们是这家人的朋友。根据后文的“The three girls enjoyed the story very much”可知，此处指三个女孩，three“三”，故填(t)hree。
138．句意：为了引起他们的注意，他给他们讲了一个以爱丽丝为主角的故事。根据后文的“The three girls enjoyed the story very much”可知，他给她们讲了一个故事，story“故事”，有定冠词the修饰，用单数名词，故填(s)tory。
139．句意：三个女孩非常喜欢这个故事，她们要求查尔斯把它写下来。根据“The book was a great success.”可知，他写下了这个故事，write… down“把……写下来”，ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，故填(w)rite。
140．句意：这本书于1866年首次印刷，当时的名字是《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。根据“Since the story was first printed, it has kept selling up to the present day.”可知，这本书被印刷，print“印刷”，主语the book与谓语print之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，空处用动词的过去分词。故填(p)rinted。

141．(i)mportant 142．(e)xperience 143．(s)omething 144．(r)eceive 145．(f)ull 146．(s)ame 147．(p)repared 148．(f)irst 149．(j)ust 150．(g)uest

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍去中国旅行时需要注意的事项。
141．句意：去中国旅游时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据“When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i...for you to behave in a good way.”可知，去一个地方旅行，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要，important“重要的”，在句中作表语，故填(i)mportant。
142．句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的体验。根据“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e...”可知，被邀请去中国家庭做客是好的体验，experience“体验”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)xperience。
143．句意：别忘了称赞家里你喜欢的东西。根据“Don’t forget to say good words about s...you like in the house.”可知，别忘了称赞你喜欢的东西，用不定代词something作宾语，故填(s)omething。
144．句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据“Chinese people like to r...fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.”可知，中国人喜欢收到水果和茶，receive“收到”，like to do sth“喜欢做某事”，故填(r)eceive。
145．句意：中国的餐桌是一个快乐的地方，充满了美味的食物和交谈。根据“A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f...of delicious food and conversation.”可知，此处是full of短语，意为“充满”，故填(f)ull。
146．句意：当被邀请来家里吃饭时，一定要注意到其他人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据“When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s...”可知，跟其他人做相同的事，same“相同的事物”，故填(s)ame。
147．句意：这表明主人已经准备了足够的食物。根据“Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p...enough food.”可知，剩点食物证明主人准备充足，prepare“准备”，用于现在完成时结构中，故填(p)repared。
148．句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。根据“Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f...time.”可知，此处是for the first time短语，意为“第一次”，故填(f)irst。
149．句意：如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释。根据“If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j...explain to them.”可知，如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释，just“就，只”符合语境，故填(j)ust。
150．句意：作为中国的客人，你会得到特殊待遇。根据“As a g... in China, you will get special treatment.”可知，客人会得到特殊待遇，guest“客人”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(g)uest。

151．(v)olunteers 152．(c)hosen 153．(e)ach 154．(e)asily 155．(i)ncluding 156．(s)et 157．(l)ater 158．(h)elp 159．(c)ontinue 160．(b)lind

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022年北京冬残奥会上一支由导盲犬构成的特殊的志愿者队伍。
151．句意：事实上，这些小志愿者是68只可爱的导盲犬。根据上文的“A special volunteer team”可知，这是来自一支特殊志愿者队伍的志愿者们，且空格前的these后接名词复数，首字母为v，因此此空应是名词复数volunteers。故填(v)olunteers。
152．句意：它们都是从辽宁省大连市的一个训练中心里精挑细选出来的。根据空格后的“from a training center”可知，这些志愿者狗狗是从训练中心里被严格挑选出来的，因此句子应用被动语态，其结构为：be+过去分词。首字母为c，choose“挑选”，动词，过去分词为chosen。故填(c)hosen。
153．句意：在残奥会期间，每只导盲犬都戴着二维码。由谓语动词wears可知句子的主语应是第三人称单数；根据“of the guide dogs”可知，介词of前应有表示单数的代词，首字母为e，因此代词each表示“每一”符合题意。故填(e)ach。
154．句意：通过扫描二维码，人们可以很容易了解到关于狗狗的大量信息，包括它们的血统、年龄、训练历史和服务状况。由空格前的“can”和空格后的“learn”可知空格处应填入一副词，修饰动词learn。根据上文“By scanning the codes”可知要了解狗狗们的信息只需要扫描二维码，这是非常容易的一件事情，说明可以“很容易地”获取到这些信息。首字母为e，因此这个副词应是easily。故填(e)asily。
155．句意：通过扫描二维码，人们可以很容易了解到关于狗狗的大量信息，包括它们的血统、年龄、训练历史和服务状况。根据空格后的“their blooding, age, training history and service conditions”可知这些都是可了解到的信息，是包括在内的，including“包括在内”符合题意。故填(i)ncluding。
156．句意：中国在2006年就建立了第一家导盲犬训练中心。空格处应填入一谓语动词；由“in 2006”可知句子应用过去时；首字母为s，动词短语set up表示建立，此处set为动词过去式，符合题意。故填(s)et。
157．句意：两年后，一只名为“幸运”的导盲犬在北京残奥会上亮相。由“two years...”可知，此处为句子的时间状语，前文说2006年建立第一家导盲犬中心，2008年的北京残奥会应是其两年后，首字母l，later“后来”符合题意。故填(l)ater。
158．句意：在它的帮助下，获得中国第一枚残奥会金牌的运动员平亚丽，完成了火炬传递。with one’s help意为“在某人的帮助下”，符合题意。故填(h)elp。
159．句意：我们的现代科技将会继续发展。will后接动词原形，首字母为c，动词短语continue to do表示“继续做某事”，符合题意。故填(c)ontinue。
160．句意：在残奥会期间，导盲犬们极大地帮助了那些盲人运动员们尽情地享受这场体育盛宴。由“the guide dogs”可知，导盲犬帮助的是那些有视力障碍的运动员选手们。首字母为b，blind“失明的，盲的”，形容词，符合题意。故填(b)lind。

161．(t)rain 162．(t)oday’s 163．(c)hance 164．(i)nclude 165．(i)tself 166．(e)nded 167．(s)eparated 168．(W)ars 169．(s)imilar 170．(b)lind

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是奥运会的历史和古代奥运会与现代奥运会的区别。
161．句意：世界上最好的运动员们在比赛前努力训练并且希望赢得金牌，银牌和铜牌。分析句子结构可知此处应填一个谓语动词，结合首字母提示及“and hope to win a gold, silver, or bronze medal.”可知这里说的是运动员们努力训练并希望赢得奖牌，并且时态应是一般现在时；又因主语athletes是复数，所以谓语动词用原形，故空处应是train“训练”，动词。故填(t)rain。
162．句意：然而，第一届奥林匹克运动会与现代的奥林匹克运动会很不一样。根据首字母提示及“However, the first Olympics was quite different ...”可知此处讲的是古代奥运和现代奥运会的区别；应填today’s“今天的”，故填(t)oday’s。
163．句意：比赛是运动员们为他们的城邦争光的机会，就像当今运动员为自己国家争光一样。根据首字母提示及空后“just as athletes bring honor to their countries nowadays. ”可知此处应指奥林匹克比赛给运动员们提供了为他们城市争光的机会，故空处应是chance“机会”，名词；根据空前的冠词a，可知此处为可数名词单数。故填(c)hance。
164．句意：渐渐地，奥运会项目扩大到包括马车赛，赛马，拳击和五项全能等项目。根据首字母提示及“such as chariot and horse racing, boxing, and the pentathlon.”可知此处应指奥运会包括的项目，故空处应是include“包括”，动词；分析句子结构可知，空前有不定式符号to，故填动词原形。故填(i)nclude。
165．句意：五项全能由五个不同的项目组成：疾跑，摔跤，跳远，铁饼和标枪。根据首字母提示及句子结构可知，此处应是反身代词作“The pentathlon”的同位语，故空处应是itself“它自己”，反身代词。故填(i)tself。
166．句意：古希腊奥运会在公元前395年左右结束，并且在2200多年的时间里再也没有举行过。根据首字母提示及“and weren’t played again for over 2, 200 years.”可知本句是一般过去式，且此处指奥运会结束的时间，故空处应填end“结束”，动词。故填(e)nded。
167．句意：现代奥运会包括更多的运动项目，如足球和滑雪，并且分为夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会。根据首字母提示及空后“...the Summer and Winter Olympics.”可知空处是指现代奥运会分为了夏季和冬季奥运会，故空处应填separate“使分开”，动词；分析句子结构可知此处是被动语态，其结构为be+done。故填(s)eparated。
168．句意：在古代奥运会之前和之后的七天，战争会停止，以便运动员能够安全前往奥运会。根据首字母提示及“so that athletes could travel safely to the games. ”可知，此处指战争停止，故空处应填war“战争”，可数名词；其前没有任何冠词或限定词修饰，故用名词复数形式。故填(W)ars。
169．句意：同样，许多人认为现代奥运会创造了友善，因为各国通过体育竞技而不是战斗来展示实力。根据首字母提示及前一句“so that athletes could travel safely to the games. ”和“as nations exhibit strength through...”可知，此处讲的是古代和现代奥运会的类似之处，故空处应填similar“相似的”，形容词。故填(s)imilar。
170．句意：有些人是盲人。根据首字母提示及前一句“Some are in wheelchairs.”可知此处指盲人，故空处应填blind“失明的”，形容词。故填(b)lind。

171．(w)orked 172．(l)ives 173．(S)ince 174．(a)ccident 175．(w)hat 176．(p)roduced 177．(s)uccess 178．(c)alled 179．(s)econd 180．(r)emember

【导语】本文主要讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平研究杂交水稻的经历。
171．句意：从西南农业学院毕业后，他在湖南一所农业学校当老师。根据“as a teacher…”可知，此处是短语work as“作为……而工作”，讲的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，动词用过去式worked。故填(w)orked。
172．句意：袁每天都看到许多人因为饥饿而失去生命。根据后面“because of hunger”可知，此处是表达“因为饥饿而失去生命”，是短语lose one’s life，空前是their，所以用life的复数形式lives。故填(l)ives。
173．句意：从那时起，他就开始研究如何种植优质水稻。根据后面“he has done research”可知是现在完成时，现在完成时用for+时间段或since+过去时间点，then是过去时间点，所以用since，故填(S)ince。
174．句意：1964年，他偶然发现了一种天然的杂交水稻。根据空前by及首字母可知，此处是短语by accident“偶然”。故填(a)ccident。
175．句意：袁对他的发现感到兴奋。此处是宾语从句，discovered缺少宾语，所以用what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语成分。故填(w)hat。
176．句意：它的每单位产量比普通单位高出20%。根据后面“This progress made China the world’s leader in rice production.”可知，这一进步使中国成为世界水稻生产的领导者，所以此处是表达“生产”做句子的谓语，句子是一般过去时，所以用动词的过去式produced。故填(p)roduced。
177．句意：第二年，他取得了巨大的成功。根据“This progress made China the world’s leader in rice production.”可知，此处表达这是巨大的成功，用名词形式success。故填(s)uccess。
178．句意：他被称为“杂交水稻之父”。根据后面“the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.”可知，他被叫做“杂交水稻之父”，be called“被叫做”。故填(c)alled。
179．句意：第二，全世界都可以种植他开发的水稻，世界上所有的人都不饿。根据前面的“the first dream is that…”可知，此处是说他的第二个梦想。故填(s)econd。
180．句意：让我们记住这位伟人。根据文章介绍袁隆平的伟大事迹可知，此处是表达“让我们记住这位伟人”，remember“记住”，let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处用省略to的不定式。故填(r)emember。

181．(c)entury 182．(d)ifficult 183．(C)hinese 184．(s)tand 185．(a)chieve 186．(l)argest 187．(l)ives 188．(m)ay 189．(b)ravely 190．(t)hrough

【分析】短文主要介绍了中国共产党的成立以及共产党员对中国做出了贡献。
181．句意：它是一个世纪前建立的。冠词a后面加单数可数名词，根据首字母c以及常识，可知中国共产党是一个世纪之前建立的。故填(c)entury。
182．句意：那个时期是中国历史上的困难时期。time是名词，前面可由形容词进行修饰；根据下文“The first Party members wanted to save the country and give...a better life.”可知，那个时期，对于中国来讲很难。difficult是形容词，意为“困难的”。故填(d)ifficult。
183．句意：所以第一批党员想要拯救国家给中国人更好的生活。give sb. sth.给某人某物；根据首字母，大写C以及“save the country”，可知这里填Chinese中国人。故填(C)hinese。
184．句意：它带领中华民族站起来了，实现繁荣富强；同时它带领人民实现中国梦。lead sb. to do sth.引领某人做某事，空上填动词原形；根据语境，这里填stand up站起来。故填(s)tand。
185．句意：它带领中华民族站起来了，实现繁荣富强；同时它带领人民实现中国梦。lead sb. to do sth.引领某人做某事，空上填动词原形；根据首字母a，可知，achieve one’s dream实现某人的梦想，故填(a)chieve。
186．句意：现在中国共产党拥有9100多万党员，是世界上最大的党。根据“ with over 91 million members”以及首字母l，可知，这里表示“中国共产党是世界上最大的党”，large，是形容词，巨大的；其最高级是largest。故填(l)argest。
187．句意：共产党员必须全心全意为人民服务随时准备奉献自己的生命。根据常识以及“serve the people”可知，共产党员要准备奉献他们的“生命”。life是名词，意为“生命”。故填(l)ives。
188．句意：他们可能是你的父母，是叔叔阿姨、爷爷奶奶或老师。they是主语，空后面用了动词原形be，由首字母m，可推知，这里填情态动词may，符合题意。故填(m)ay。
189．句意：但当危险来临时他们挺身而出为人民勇敢战斗。分析句子可知，这里填副词，结合首字母b以及语境，这里填bravely，修饰动词fight；故填(b)ravely。
190．句意：你可以通过他们的行动来了解他们。根据“You can get to know them...their actions.”可知，这里填through介词，意为“通过”。故填(t)hrough。

191．(W)ithout 192．(f)rom 193．(f)ar 194．(r)ealize 195．(p)roblem 196．(w)asted 197．(l)iving 198．(s)ituation 199．(r)esources 200．(f)eed

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是从冰箱里发霉的草莓谈起，告诉我们因浪费食物导致花费了人们很多人力、物力和财力等，浪费食物成了全球大问题，全球还有很多人因为没有粮食而饿死的情况，告诉我们要行动起来，珍惜粮食。
191．句意：毫不犹豫，你会把它扔掉。此处是固定搭配，without hesitation毫不犹豫，在句首需要大写。故填(W)ithout。
192．句意：草莓的生命是从一颗种子开始的。根据“a seed(种子).”可知，此处表达是“从”一个种子开始的，又根据首字母“f”可知，是from，意为“从……开始”。故填(f)rom。
193．句意：一辆卡车会把它带到200到1000公里外的超市。根据“perhaps 200 to 1,000 km—to a supermarket.”可能200到1000公里外的超市，可理解为距离远，又根据首字母“f”可知，用far，意为“远的”。故填(f)ar。
194．句意：人们很难意识到我们每天吃的食物消耗了多少劳动。根据“how much work goes into the food we eat every day.”可知，人们很难“意识到”我们每天吃的食物消耗了多少劳动。再结合首字母“r”可知，为realize，意为“意识到”。故填(r)ealize。
195．句意：这使得浪费食物在全世界范围成为了一个大问题。根据“That makes food waste a big…around the world.”可知，此处的“That”指的就是上文人们意识不到我们每天吃的食物消耗了多少劳动。因此此处指的是浪费食物成了一个大“问题”。又根据首字母“p”可知，是problem。故填(p)roblem。
196．句意：每年，全世界有13亿吨食物被浪费。根据前文，食物浪费是个问题，也就意味着很多食物被浪费。又根据首字母“w”可知，是waste，此处是被动，需要填过去分词wasted。故填(w)asted。
197．句意：在我们浪费粮食的同时，世界上仍有8.2亿人生活在饥饿中。非谓语动词作后置定语，在我们浪费食物的同时，全世界还有很多活在饥荒里的人，又根据首字母“l”可知，是living。故填(l)iving。
198．句意：新冠肺炎疫情使情况更加糟糕。根据“Also many children go to sleep hungry, and 3.1 million of them die each year.”是说，许多儿童饿着肚子睡觉，每年有310万儿童死亡。此处是说新冠疫情使这种“情况”更加糟糕。又根据首字母“s”可知，是situation，意为“情况”。故填(s)ituation。
199．句意：浪费食物就是浪费自然资源并错失了喂饱这么多增长人口的机会。此处指浪费“资源”，resource可数，所以用复数。故填(r)esources。
200．句意：浪费食物就是浪费自然资源并错失了喂饱这么多增长人口的机会。根据“missing the chance to…a growing population in the future”可知，意为错过了“喂饱”这么多增长人口的机会。此处the chance to do sth，feed意为“喂养”。故填(f)eed。