【期末满分必刷】（人教版）2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期：专题04 语法精讲精练1-5 单元

这是一份【期末满分必刷】（人教版）2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期：专题04 语法精讲精练1-5 单元，文件包含期末满分必刷人教版2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期专题4语法精讲精练1-5单元教师版docx、期末满分必刷人教版2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期专题4语法精讲精练1-5单元学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共21页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年七年级英语下册期末考试满分必刷题核心语法（学生版）语法精讲1情态动词can的用法1.can的个性展示can本身有一定含义,但不能独立存在,它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语.情态动词can没有人称和数的变化.2.can的具体用法意为“能,会”,指脑力或体力方面的“能力”I can speak English.我会说英语.Jim can swim, but I can't.吉姆会游泳,但我不会.表示许可,意为“可以”,常用于口语中,这时相当于mayCan/May I come in?我可以进来吗?3.can的句式表演肯定句句式主语＋can+动词原形十其他否定句句式主语＋can't+动词原形＋其他一般疑问句句式及答语Can+主语十动词原形十其他?肯定回答:Yes,主语＋can.否定回答:No,主语＋can't.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词＋can+主语十动词原形十其他?4.can的巧记口诀表能力,要用can.陈述句里记特点.肯定can后加动原,否定can后not连.疑问句,can提前.肯定回答“Yes,主语＋can”.否定回答“No,主语＋can't.,”记心间. 语法精练1.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.I can't________ (write) stories, Can you help me, Mary?2. My mother can________ (speak) English very well.3.What can your brother________ (do)?4.Miss Lin can't play the piano, but she can________ (sing)well.5.Little Tom can draw, but he________ (can not) dance.II.单项选择1.(2022·百色中考)- ________ you tell us a story in English?-I think I can do it. Let me try.A. NeedB. CanC. ShouldD. Must2.(2022·北京中考)- ________ I take photos here?-Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed in the museum.A. MustB. NeedC. CanD. Will3.We should learn some basic life skills since we________ depend on our parents some day.A. canB. can't C. must D. mustn't4. -What kind of music do you like?-I like music that I________ dance to.A. canB. must C. should D. need5.(2022·成都中考)-There is a new art museum in our city. You________ miss it.-Thank you. I won't.A. can'tB. mustC. needn't III.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.My father can speak English well.(改为一般疑问句)________ your father________ English well?2.Tom can ride a horse.(改为否定句)Tom________ ________ a horse.3.Mr.Green can do Chinese kung fu.(对画线部分提问)________ ________ Mr. Green________?4.Can Tom and Jim draw pictures?(作肯定回答)Yes, ________ ________.5.play,can,Cindy,well,the,guitar(连词成句)___________________________________________________________________________________________? 语法精讲2一、频度副词定义用来表示频率的副词,叫频度副词.常见的频度副词有:always, usually, often, sometimes, never等频度副词在句中的位置通常在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后He is always busy.他总是很忙.I will never forget you.我永远也不会忘记你.通常位于实义动词之前They often go swimming.他们经常去游泳.sometimes可放在句首、句中或句尾Sometimes she watches TV.她有时看电视.提问how often意为“多久一次”-How often do you drink milk?-你多久喝一次牛奶?-Every day.-每天.二、一般现在时定义表达现在的状态,主语的性格、能力以及经常或习惯性的动作等动词形态变化主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式He usually takes the bus to school.他通常乘坐公交车去上学.主语不是第三人称单数,谓语动词用原形They watch TV every day.他们每天都看电视.三、句式结构句式结构肯定句句式主语＋be/行为动词＋其他否定句句式主语＋be+ not+其他主语＋don't/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他一般疑问句句式Be+主语＋其他?Do/Does+主语十动词原形十其他? 语法精练1.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Mary usually________ (go) shopping with her mother on Sunday.2. ________ (do)Peter________ (take)a shower in the evening or in the morning?3.Lisa________ (not do) her homework in the evening.4.She never________ (eat) hamburgers for lunch.5.-What time Jack________ (go) to bed?-At 10:30 p.m. II.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.Mr. Green usually goes to work at seven o'clock.(改为一般疑问句)________ Mr. Green usually________ to work at seven o'clock?2.Anna always plays volleyball after school.(改为否定句)Anna________ plays volleyball after school.3.I do my homework at home on weekends.(改为否定句)I________ ________ my homework at home on weekends.4.Lisa sometimes eats bread for breakfast.(对画线部分提问)________ ________ ________ Lisa________ bread for breakfast?5.They usually exercise in the morning.(用 he改写句子)________ usually________ in the morning. 语法精讲3一、how引导的特殊疑问句1.直接由how引导的特殊疑问句询问交通方式How does she get to school?她是如何到校的?询问身体状况How are your parents?你父母身体好吗?询问天气状况How is the weather today?今天天气怎么样?询问程度How do you like the TV show?你觉得这个电视节目怎么样?2.由“how+形容词／副词”引导的特殊疑问句how long意为“多长”,询问时间或物体的长度how far意为“多远”,询问距离how often意为“多久一次”,询问频率how old意为“多大”,询问年龄how many意为“多少”,询问可数名词的数量how much意为“多少”,询问不可数名词的数量意为“多少钱”,询问价格 二、交通方式的表达动词(短语)1.take a/the+交通工具take a/the subway/bus/train/boat乘地铁／公共汽车／火车／船2.其他表达方式walk 步行ride a/the/one's bike 骑自行车drive a car 开车介词(短语)1.by+交通工具by bike骑自行车by car/bus/train/subway/boat乘车／公共汽车／火车／地铁／船2.in/on+限定词十交通工具on the bus 乘公共汽车in a car 乘车3.固定表达方式on foot 步行语法精练I.根据句意填写疑问词(组),完成句子1.- _________ does Linda get to school?-She takes the bus.2.- _________ _________ does it take you to get home from work?-About twenty minutes.3.- _________ _________ is it from here?-One hundred kilometers.4.-I walk to school. _________ about you, Jane?-I ride my bike.5.- _________ _________ people are there in the photo?-Six. II.单项选择1.(2022·安徽滁州凤阳博文国际学校期末) I usually_________ to the bus stop, and then go to school by bus.A. by bikeB. on my bikeC. in my bikeD. ride my bike2.- _________ does Bob usually go to work?-He usually rides his bike.A. WhatB. HowC. WhereD. Who3.(2022·浙江杭州萧山城区期中)-Excuse me. _________ is it to the East Station?-About half an hour by taxi.A. How manyB. How longC. How farD. How old4.- _________ do you visit Uncle Tom?-Once a week.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon  语法精讲4一、祈使句1.祈使句的定义表示请求、命令、建议、警告、劝说等的句子叫祈使句.在祈使句中,肯定句一般以动词原形开头,通常省略主语you;否定句在动词原形前加don't.2.祈使句的句式结构祈使句句式肯定句句式否定句句式P型:Please十动词原形十其他Please stand up.Please don't stand up.V型:动词原形十其他Look at the blackboard.Don't look at the blackboard.L型:Let+宾语十动词原形＋其他Let her go.Don't let her go./ Let her not go.B型:Be+表语Be careful.Don't be late for class!N型:No+名词／动名词／No photos! No parking!3.祈使句用法口诀祈使句,祈使句,请求、命令或建议.主语是you常省去,动词原形开头记.否定形式要注意,句首要把don't加.要讲客气用please,句首、句末没关系.二、must和 have to辨析1.两者均意为“必须”.must更强调说话者的主观意愿,have to强调客观需要,意为“不得不”.2.must一般只表示现在,没有人称和数的变化;而have to则可以用于不同的时态,有人称和数的变化.3.两者的否定式含义大不相同.mustn't 意为“不准;禁止”,而don't have to意为“不必”.【注意】以must开头的一般疑问句,其肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn't或don't have to.语法精练1.用所给单词的适当形式填空1. _________ (finish)your homework first.2. _________ (not come) to the zoo before 6 o'clock, please.3.Please_________ (be) quiet in the room.4.No_________ (swim) in the river!5.They have to_________ (do) their homework when they get home. II.单项选择1.(2022·广西河池凤山期末) _________ play the guitar here, Jack. It's too noisy.A. Can'tB. NoC. Don'tD. Doesn't2.(2022·湖南郴州期末)-Jack, _________ leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!-Sorry, Mom.A. can'tB. doesn'tC. don't 3.(2022·湖南株洲攸县期末) _________ run in the hallway, children!A. Don'tB. NotC. Can't 4.(2022·江西宜春期末)-Can I go out with Lisa, Dad?-Yes, but you_________ come back home before five o'clock, You'll have an art lesson then.A. mustB. canC. mustn'tD. can't5.(2022·浙江宁波海曙区期中)We_________ be noisy in the library and we_________ keep the books clean.A. have to; mustB. must; can'tC. have to; can'tD. can't; have to  语法精讲5一、形容词形容词修饰名词,用以说明事物或人的性质和特征.它通常在句子中作定语、表语或宾语补足语等.句中成分说明示例定语一般修饰名词,置于名词之前She is a happy girl.她是一个幸福的女孩.表语置于系动词(be, look, feel, sound等)之后,可以被程度副词 very, too等修饰The girl is beautiful.这个女孩很漂亮.宾语补足语说明宾语的状态、特征等What makes you so happy?什么使你这么开心?二、特殊疑问句1.定义及答语特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句,其结构为“特殊疑问词十一般疑问句?”回答特殊疑问句不能用yes或no.回答时要针对具体情况来作出回答.2.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词分为两类:疑问代词和疑问副词,其用法归纳如下:Who意为“谁”,用于对主语(人称代词)进行提问Whom意为“谁”,用于对宾语(人称代词)进行提问When意为“何时”,用于对时间进行提问Where意为“哪里”,用于对具体地点进行提问How意为“怎样”,用于对方式进行提问Why意为“为什么”,用于对原因进行提问What意为“什么”,用于对某人的名字、职业等进行提问Which用于对“哪个;哪些”进行提问【注意】由why引导的特殊疑问句,一般要用because引导的从句来回答.because是连词,作“因为”讲,其后要接一个句子来陈述理由.例如:-Why does she do that?-她为什么要那样做?-Because she wants to help the person.-因为她想帮助那个人.语法精练I.单项选择1.(2022·江西赣州兴国期末)-Don't be_________. Jack! Help me clean the room right now!-OK, Mom.A. afraidB. lazyC. shyD. quiet2.(北京海淀区期中) _________ is Jenny from?-She comes from the US.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhenD. Where3.(2022·广西北海期末)- _________ do you like this book?-Because it's exciting.A. WhyB. WhatC. HowD. Who4.(2022·福建莆田期末)My brother is very_________. He can always make new things.A. smartB.busyC. kind5.- _________ was the car invented?-It was invented in 1885.A. WhenB. WhichC. WhoD. Where II.对画线部分提问(每空一词)1.Linda doesn't like math because it's difficult._________ _________ Linda_________ math?2.I can see some books on the table._________ can you_________ on the table?3.Mr. Green often goes to work at 7:30 in the morning._________ _________ Mr. Green often go to work?4.Lions are from South Africa._________ _________ lions from?5.Most students go to school by bus._________ _________ most students go to school?