2022-2023学年江苏省南京重点大学附中高二（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省南京重点大学附中高二（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江苏省南京重点大学附中高二（下）期中英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Every year, young, talented, and ambitious nature conservationists from all over the world shoot their shot for the Future For Nature (FFN) Award, an honorable international award.
The Future For Nature aims to:
·Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in the protection of species of wild animals and plants.
·Stimulate award winners to sustain their dedicated work.
·Help winners to raise their profile, extend their professional network and strengthen their funding basis.
Benefits
·The winners each receive 50,000 euros and may make their own decision to spend the money in the service of nature conservation.
·FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a wide audience, allowing them to increase their impact and gain more access to funds.
·FFN is building a growing family of winners, dedicated people who form a community of people with the same interest. FFN offers them the opportunity to meet each other and continue to learn with each other in order to continue their fight for nature as efficiently and effectively as possible.
Qualifications
The candidate:
·Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 31st May 2005.
·Is able to explain his/her conservation work in fluent English (written and spoken).
·Has achieved substantial and long-term benefits to the conservation status of one or more animal or plant species.
·Must be determined to continue his/her conservation work, as the award aims to stimulate the winnerˈs future work. It is not an “end of career” prize.
Additional Remarks
For the 2023 Future For Nature Award, we are again searching for natural leaders, who have proven that they can make a difference in speciesˈ survival.
From all applications, 6 to 10 nominees（被提名者）will be selected. These applicants will be asked to provide additional information, which will be used to select the final awardees. Ultimately, three inspiring wildlife heroes are selected as the winners.
Application Process: Apply online through the Apply Now link.
Application Deadline: May 1st, 2023.

1. Which is one of the aims of the Future For Nature?
A. To aid more green groups.
B. To fund academic education.
C. To inspire conservation efforts.
D. To raise environmental awareness.
2. The winners will get the chance to ________.
A. consult top specialists B. meet like-minded people
C. benefit the local community D. promote self-created platforms
3. To apply for the 2023 Future For Nature Award, candidates must ________.
A. meet the age requirement
B. apply via mail by the deadline
C. turn in the application in English
D. provide additional personal information
B
Lena could clearly remember the night she had to flee her home in Hungary.It was the beginning of the Second World War and her family needed to escape fast.She quickly packed a suitcase with a few pieces of clothing，her diary，and her most prized possession — a beautiful silk scarf.Lena and her best friend，Monika，had persuaded their parents to buy them matching scarves，which they each wore tied around their neck as a symbol of their friendship.Lena had no idea that when she left for America that night，she would never return.Her family settled on the sunny west coast in California.
Lena kept that special silk scarf for many years.One day she decided to give it to her granddaughter，Eliza，to wear to her first job interview for good luck.Lena was afraid that Eliza would lose the scarf，but her granddaughter reassured her， "Don't worry，Grandma，nothing's going to happen to your scarf.You'll see.It is going to bring both of us luck today." With that，Eliza kissed her grandmother on the cheek and left.
That afternoon，Eliza left the interview feeling confident that she had got the job.She decided to celebrate by going to a restaurant.As she sat at her table，she felt someone staring at her.Sitting next to her was an elderly woman who could not take her eyes off her. "I'm sorry.Do I know you？" Eliza asked.
"I'm sorry，dear，but you remind me of someone I once knew，" the old woman replied in an accented voice. "My best friend looked like you and used to wear a scarf just like the one you're wearing around your neck." Eliza felt goose bumps go up her arms.She had heard stories of her grandmother's best friend and knew the significance of the scarf.Could this be Monika，her grandmother's childhood friend？
Eliza introduced herself and waited to hear the name of the other woman. "My name is Monika，dear.I'm originally from Hungary，but my family had to leave when I was 14 and I've been living here in California ever since." Eliza could not believe it.She said， "Monika，would you mind going somewhere with me？I want to show you someone very special." The elderly woman agreed and they left the restaurant together.
They walked the short distance to Lena's home and rang the doorbell.When Lena opened the door，she was amazed to see her childhood friend standing in front of her.The scarf had indeed brought good luck.
4. What can be inferred from Paragraphs 2？ ______
A. Eliza went to the restaurant to meet Monika.
B. Lena cherished the silk scarf very much.
C. A silk scarf is a symbol of good luck.
D. Eliza celebrated with Lena in a restaurant.
5. Eliza felt goose bumps go up her arms because ______ .
A. the stranger's stare made her scared
B. she got cold when she took the scarf off
C. she thought the old woman's accent was too strange
D. she couldn't believe she should meet her grandma's childhood friend
6. Which of the following is the correct order of the story？ ______
a.Eliza wore the silk scarf to the interview.b.Lena's parents bought her a silk scarf.
c.Eliza went to a restaurant for celebration.d.Lena met her childhood friend.
e.Lena fled her home in hurry.f.Eliza unexpectedly met Monika.
A. b-e-a-c-f-d B. e-b-a-f-c-d C. e-d-b-a-c-f D. b-e-a-f-c-d
7. What could be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Reunion in California.
B. The Lucky Silk Scarf.
C. A Life-long Friendship.
D. Like Grandmother Like Granddaughter.
C
Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report's authors are calling for urgent action to restore (修复) the natural world.
The Living Planet Report (LPR) is produced every two years by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the Zoological Society of London. The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world's monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.
Although the average global loss of wildlife is 69%, the rate is greater in the global south. Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. Across the world, the biggest drop was in freshwater populations of wildlife—including almost 1,400 species of mammals (哺乳动物), birds, fish, amphibians (两栖动物) and reptiles (爬行动物)—which have decreased by 83%.
The report identifies several causes for wildlife loss, including hunting, farming, the loss of forests, pollution and climate change. However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.
Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures "terrifying", and said "we need to restore nature and not simply halt its loss." In December 2022, world leaders are meeting in Montreal for the 15th UN Biodiversity Conference, also known as COP 15. The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. "Government leaders must step up at COP 15," said Lambertini. "The world is watching."

8. What does the author mainly want to show by listing the numbers in the first three paragraphs?
A. The causes of the urgent situation.
B. The detailed process of the research.
C. The severity of wildlife loss worldwide.
D. The drop in freshwater populations of wildlife?
9. According to the report, what is a possible solution to population decline of wildlife?
A. Stop hunting and farming.
B. Ban the production of wildlife food.
C. Offer legal protection of natural environment.
D. Replace the fossil fuels with renewable energy
10. What does the underlined word " halt" mean in the last paragraph?
A. Accept. B. Stop. C. Fear. D. Suffer.
11. What is Lambertini's attitude towards wildlife loss?
A. Objective. B. Indifferent. C. Ambiguous. D. Concerned.
D
CERTAIN CREATURES-namely，bees-have evolved to be skillful flying builders.To assemble （组装） a nest，worker insects team up to do various work to the specification of a complex design that ends up being many times their size.This process takes months，many times longer than the average lifespan of all but the queen.Meanwhile the insects must adjust as they go.
It is these insect building teams that inspired Mirko Kovac，a roboticist at Imperial College London，to develop a way to improve the flexibility of 3 D printing.A typical 3 D printer is limited by the range of its nozzle （喷嘴），and can only make objects smaller than itself.Dr Kovac's team has removed these limitation by using flying robots.
Dr Kovac describes a system of flying robots that is composed of two types of multi-rotor drones：builders and scanners.The builders carry the 3 D-printing nozzle.The scanners are robots equipped with cameras that are responsible for monitoring the progress of the builders.
The building process alternates between builders and scanners，layer by layer，printing and adjusting，until a structure is complete.First，a builder remains suspended over its area of operation and begins to release a jet or rush of the building material along its flight path.The choice of material is important——it must be lightweight enough for the drones to carry but strong enough to hold the subsequent layers that will be built on top.Once the builder robot has sprayed a layer of material，the scanner robot flies over，inspects the progress.The system then computes the next layer that the builder should make，while also correcting for any errors that might have been discovered in what has already been built.
Because the flying robots can，in theory，operate anywhere，they could fix things in dangerous or otherwise inaccessible places.Dr Kovac says that his robots could be used to spot and seal leaks in oil or gas pipelines，repair leaky insulation or fix cracks on tall buildings.Thinking more long term，Dr Kovac even sees a potential future for his construction robots，building on the surfaces of the Moon or Mars.
12. Why does the author mention bees in the text？ ______
A. To become a theme. B. To introduce a topic.
C. To give an explanation. D. To analyze the cause.
13. What is the character of typical 3 D printers？ ______
A. They can expand the range of printing.
B. They can make adjustment while printing.
C. They are more flexible than traditional ones.
D. They can make objects smaller than themselves.
14. What can we learn from the building process？ ______
A. The Builders can correct the errors while calculating.
B. The building material should be strong enough for scanner.
C. Builders and scanners can print and monitor at the same time.
D. The building process has strict requirement of the building material.
15. What can be the suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Teams of flying robots can make 3 D objects.
B. Teams of flying robots have a limited future.
C. The flexibility of typical 3 D printer has been improved.
D. Teams of flying robots have been used in dangerous situation.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
On the day of my birthday，I was really excited since I was going to an amusement park for the first time in my life with some of my friends，together with my parents.
（ 1） ______ Everything in sight was "amazing".I was really attracted.Everywhere people were moving excitedly from one ride to another with the screams of laughter from every direction.People dressed up like clowns were entertaining the kids，and the most exciting was the roller coaster.
My parents handed me some money and told us to enjoy the rides.We first queued up for the roller coaster，which was the greatest attraction of all.Soon we were seated on the ride and held on to the bars holding us firmly to our seats. （2） ______ The wind moved through our hair and we tightly closed our eyes.It was really thrilling experience!
We headed straight for the bumper cars and soon started bumping into each other with as much force as we could，enjoying ourselves to the fullest.Then we went for those shooting games.（3） ______ We were soon loaded with some soft toys which made us happy，though the age for playing with soft toys was long gone for us.
（ 4） ______ We entered the house with heads held high，but came out with our hearts beating fast.And we were shaking from head to foot.
During all this，we hadn't noticed time fly and it was getting dark，so we said goodbye and returned home. （5） ______

A.There we can get a prize if we hit the target.
B.Is it a wonderful visit to an amusement park？
C.Then came the most scary part，The Freaky House.
D.That night in my dream all the fun images returned.
E.The next few minutes were full of screams and laughter.
F.We wandered in the park attracted by the adorable characters.
G.On reaching the park，we bought tickets and entered the park.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
If there is one thing I have missed the most during the last year of the COVID-19 pandemic，it has been seeing other people smiling.When every face has a mask on it，you may feel （1） ______ in the health of your body but you start to feel sicker in the health of your （2） ______ .Recently，I have started to notice the （3） ______ in the eyes，and the gentle lifting of the mask when people smile at me.For me，that smile is a （4） ______ .
I have always seen every smile as a （5） ______ .As I grew up，my mom's smile added （6） ______ to my days.And I am so happy that it （7） ______ today as I pass on the happiness to my children.My grandmother's smile always had a （8） ______ "Hello!" to go along with it.My dad's smile was （9） ______ as he was strict and serious，but I loved seeing it when he sometimes （10） ______ .
Over the years I have learned a lot about （11） ______ .I read once that "We don't smile because we are happy.We are happy because we smile".I also read that "I have （12） ______ seen a smiling face that isn't beautiful".And I realized that both of these things were true.
In fact，when you smile，it doesn't matter whether you are （13） ______ a mask，or whether your （14） ______ are white or yellow，many or few，or missing altogether. （15） ______ your smile because it can lift your spirits，share your love and spread your happiness.
21.  A. smaller B. weaker C. smarter D. safer
22.  A. soul B. body C. head D. eye
23.  A. light B. tear C. question D. regret
24.  A. burden B. blessing C. loss D. secret
25.  A. change B. recipe C. wish D. treasure
26.  A. wisdom B. curiosity C. joy D. understanding
27.  A. lives on B. slows down C. dies out D. takes off
28.  A. dull B. cheerful C. shocking D. hesitant
29.  A. normal B. strange C. rare D. unique
30.  A. approved B. responded C. laughed D. bargained
31.  A. failures B. smiles C. challenges D. stories
32.  A. frequently B. still C. never D. easily
33.  A. selling B. purchasing C. washing D. wearing
34.  A. teeth B. cars C. fingers D. feet
35.  A. Forget B. Show C. Seek D. Award
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Hot pot，as a traditional Chinese folk dish， (1) （become） a favorite dish throughout China since at least the Han Dynasty， (2) is particularly true during winter months.There are different (3) （style） of hot pot with differently flavored thick soup in China，from spicy hot pot in Sichuan，seafood-based hot pot in Guangdong to mutton hot pot in Hong Kong.No matter what your (4) （prefer） is，Chinese hot pot has something to interest you.
The spicy hot pot featured in Sichuan is probably the most famous among the native Chinese.When (5) （visit） Chongqing，you will have (6) opportunity to taste authentic （真正的） Chinese hot pot.Chongqing hot pot is known as má là （"numb and spicy"） due (7) the inclusion of Sichuan peppers and is unique in the type s of meat and the types of sauce (8) （use） for its base.Though the flavor of Chinese hot pot varies from region to region，the dining customs are similar.
Hot pot is (9) （typical） served in a metal bowl at the center of the dining table.As the soup in the pot is cooked at almost boiling point，the ingredients （原料） (10) （add） into the boiling thick soup.The ingredients can vary from thinly-sliced meat，vegetables，mushrooms，potatoes，and cabbage，to seafood，fish balls and tofu.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是育才中学高二学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展"中国武术（martial art）进校园"活动，届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加，现正在招募志愿服务人员。请你用英语给负责人Mr.Brown写一封申请信，内容包括：
（1）申请的理由；
（2）个人优势；
（3）希望批准。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The boys and girls picked up the bus to Fort Lauderdale.Vingo was on board from the beginning.
As the bus passed through Jersey，they began to notice that Vingo never moved.He sat in front of the young people，frozen into silence.
Somewhere outside of Washington，the bus pulled into a Howard Johnson's，and everybody got off except Vingo.He sat rooted in his seat，and the young people began to wonder about him，trying to imagine his life.When they went back to the bus，the girl sat beside him and introduced herself.
"Want some wine？" she said.He smiled and took the bottle.He thanked her and retreated again into silence.After a while，she went back to the others，as Vingo nodded into sleep.
In the morning they awoke outside another Howard Johnson's，and this time Vingo went in.The girl insisted that he join them.When they went back on the bus，the girl sat with Vingo again，after a while，slowly and painfully and with great hesitation，he began to tell his story.He had been in jail in New York for the last four years，and now he was going home.
"When I was in jail I wrote to my wife，" he said. "I told her，I understand if you can't stay married to me，get a new guy and forget about me.And she didn't write to me.Not for three and a half years."
"And you're going home now，not knowing？"
"Yeah，" he said shyly. "Last week，I wrote her.I told her that if she had a new guy，I under-stood.But if she didn't，if she would take me back she should let me know.We used to live in Brunswick，with a great big oak tree.I told her if she would take me back，she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree，and I would get off and come home.If she didn't want me，forget it，no handkerchief，and I'd keep going on."
"Wow，" the girl said. "Wow."
She told the others，and soon all of them were in it，caught up in the approach of Brunswick，looking at the pictures Vingo showed them of his wife and three children.
注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1 Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick._______
Paragraph 2 Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats._______
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍自然的未来奖（ FFN）的目的，益处，资格和申请候选人等相关信息。

1. 根据小标题The Future For Nature aims to：中的•Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in the protection of species of wild animals and plants. （奖励和资助在保护野生动植物物种方面做出突出努力的个人）和•Stimulate award winners to sustain their dedicated work. （激励获奖者保持他们的敬业精神）可知，FFN的目标之一是激励保护工作，故选C。


2. 根据小标题The Future For Nature aims to：中的•FFN is building a growing family of winners，dedicated people who form a community of people with the same interest.FFN offers them the opportunity to meet each other and continue to learn with each other in order to continue their fight for nature as efficiently and effectively as possible.（FFN正在建立一个不断壮大的赢家家庭，由具有相同兴趣的人组成一个社区。FFN为他们提供了彼此见面的机会，并继续相互学习，以便尽可能高效和有效地继续为自然而战）可知，获胜者将有机会认识志同道合的人。故选B。


3. 根据小标题Qualifications中的The candidate：• Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 31st May 2005. （候选人：1988年5月31日或之后，2005年5月31日之前出生）可知，要申请2023年自然未来奖，候选人必须符合年龄要求。故选A。

4~7.【答案】B、D、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Lena kept that special silk scarf for many years.One day she decided to give  it to her granddaughter，Eliza，to wear to her first job interview for good luck.Lena was afraid that Eliza would lose the scarf，but her granddaughter reassured her， "Don't worry，Grandma，nothing's going to happen to your scarf.You'll see.It is going to bring both of us luck today."（Lena把那条特别的丝巾保存了很多年。一天，她决定把它送给孙女Eliza，让她戴着去参加第一次工作面试，祈求好运。Lena担心Eliza会把丝巾弄丢，但孙女安慰她说："别担心，奶奶，你的丝巾不会出事的。你会看到。今天它会给我们俩带来好运。"）可推知，Lena非常珍惜这条丝巾。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Eliza felt goose bumps go up her arms.She had heard stories of her grandmother's best friend and knew the significance of the scarf.Could this be Monika，her grandmother's childhood friend？（ Eliza感到手臂上起了鸡皮疙瘩。她听过祖母最好朋友的故事，知道那条丝巾的意义。这是她祖母儿时的朋友Monika吗？）可知，Eliza感到浑身起了鸡皮疙瘩，因为她不敢相信自己竟然能见到奶奶儿时的朋友。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段Lena and her best friend，Monika，had persuaded their parents to buy them matching scarves，which they each wore tied around their neck as a symbol of their friendship.（ Lena和她最好的朋友Monika说服父母给她们买了相配的丝巾，她们每人都把丝巾系在脖子上，作为友谊的象征。）可知，b排序第一，故排除B、C选项；根据第一段中It was the beginning of the Second World War and her family needed to escape fast.（那是第二次世界大战的开始，她的家人需要迅速逃离。）可知，e排序第二；根据第二段One day she decided to give it to her granddaughter，Eliza，to wear to her first job interview for good luck.（一天，她决定把它送给孙女伊莉莎，让她戴着去参加第一次工作面试，祈求好运。）可知，a排序第三；根据第三段That afternoon，Eliza left the interview feeling confident that she had got the job.She decided to celebrate by going to a restaurant.（那天下午，伊莉莎离开面试时自信满满地认为自己得到了这份工作。她决定去餐馆庆祝一下。）可知，c排序第四，故排除D选项。故正确顺序是b-e-a-c-f-d。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第二段It is going to bring both of us luck today. （今天它会给我们俩带来好运。）以及最后一段The scarf had indeed brought good luck.（丝巾确实带来了好运。）结合文章主要讲述了两个儿时的好朋友Lena和Monika因为战乱分开了，对方都留着特别的丝巾。后来Lena把丝巾送给了孙女，祈求面试好运，结果孙女在餐厅遇到了Monika。最终两人团聚。A.Reunion in California在加利福尼亚的重聚；B.The Lucky Silk Scarf幸运的丝绸围巾；C.A Life-long Friendship终身友谊；D.Like Grandmother Like Granddaughter喜欢祖母喜欢孙女。可知，B选项最符合文章标题。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个女孩Lena在二战时期逃离匈牙利的故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】C、C、B、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球野生动物损失的严重性，因此需要全球共同努力，关注并解决该问题。
1. 
 根据第一段Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years，according to a new scientific report.The report's authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.（根据一份新的科学报告，在不到50年的时间里，世界各地的动物数量减少了69%。该报告的作者呼吁采取紧急行动来恢复自然世界）以及第二段中The most recent report，released on October 13，2022，shows that almost 70% of the world's monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018.The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world.Data was collected from almost 32，000 populations of 5，230 species.（2022年10月13日发布的最新报告显示，1970年至2018年期间，全球近70%的受监测野生动物消失。该报告基于全球195个国家的研究。数据来自5230个物种的近32000个种群）以及第三段中Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall，having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. （拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的野生动物数量下降尤其严重，自1970年以来已经失去了94%的野生动物）可知，作者主要想通过列举前三段的数字来展示世界范围内野生动物损失的严重性。故选C。
 
2. 
  根据倒数第二段中However，the report also promotes solutions，such as designing less destructive food production systems，urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest，limiting the use of fossil fuels，and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.（然而，该报告也提出了解决方案，例如设计破坏性较小的粮食生产系统，紧急保护亚马逊雨林，限制化石燃料的使用，以及制定新的法律来保护我们的自然环境）可知，根据该报告，为自然环境提供法律保护是解决野生动物数量下降的一个可能的解决方案。故选C。
 
3. 
 根据划线词前面的句子Commenting on the report，Marco Lambertini，director general of WWF International，called the figures "terrifying"，（ 在评论该报告时，世界自然基金会国际总干事马可•兰伯蒂尼称这些数字"令人恐惧"）"以及"we need to restore nature（我们需要恢复自然）可知，面临野生动物数量急剧下降的情况，我们不仅仅是停止当前的损失，更需要做的是需要去恢复自然。由此可知，划线词halt与stop（停止）意思接近。A．Accept.接受；B．Stop.停止；C．Fear.害怕；D．Suffer.遭受。故选B。
 
4. 
 根据最后一段中The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. "Government leaders must step up at COP 15，" said Lambertini. "The world is watching."（LPR的作者说，这是一个应对野生动物损失和恢复自然的全球计划的机会。兰伯蒂尼说："政府领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。"全世界都在看着。"）可知，兰伯蒂尼认为领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。由此推知，他对野生动物数量减少的态度是担心的。故选D。
 


12~15.【答案】B、D、D、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中CERTAIN CREATURES-namely，bees-have evolved to be skillful flying builders. （某些生物，即蜜蜂已经进化成熟练的飞行建设者）和第二段中It is these insect building teams that inspired Mirko Kovac，a roboticist at Imperial College London，to develop a way to improve the flexibility of 3 D printing. （正是这些昆虫制造团队激发了伦敦帝国理工学院机器人学家Mirko Kovac的灵感，开发了一种提高3 D打印灵活性的方法）可知，文中提到蜜蜂是为了介绍本文的主题。A．To become a theme.成为一个主题；B．To introduce a topic.引出一个话题；C．To give an explanation.给个解释；D．To analyze the cause.分析原因。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中A typical 3 D printer is limited by the range of its nozzle （喷嘴），and can only make objects smaller than itself. （典型的3 D打印机受到喷嘴范围的限制，只能使物体比自己小）可知，典型的3 D打印机的特点是只能把物体做得比自己小。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段中The choice of material is important——it must be lightweight enough for the drones to carry but strong enough to hold the subsequent layers that will be built on top. （材料的选择很重要---它必须足够轻，可以让无人机携带，但足够坚固，可以容纳将要建造在上面的后续层）可知，我们可以从建造过程中了解到建造工艺对建造材料有严格的要求。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第二段Dr Kovac describes a system of flying robots that is composed of two types of multi-rotor drones：builders and scanners. （正是这些昆虫制造团队激发了伦敦帝国理工学院机器人学家Mirko Kovac的灵感，开发了一种提高3 D打印灵活性的方法）等内容可知，本文介绍了科学家受到昆虫建巢穴的启发开发了一种提高3 D打印机的灵活性的方法。C项"典型的3 D打印机的灵活性得到了提高"符合主题。故选C项。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家受到昆虫建巢穴的启发开发了一种提高3 D打印机的灵活性的方法。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】G、E、A、C、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句On the day of my birthday，I was really excited since I was going to an amusement park for the first time in my life with some of my friends，together with my parents（在我生日那天，我真的很兴奋，因为这是我有生以来第一次和我的一些朋友以及我的父母一起去游乐园）；以及后句Everything in sight was "amazing"（眼前的一切都"令人惊叹"），可知表示"到达公园后，我们买了票进入了公园"的选项G可以起到承上启下的作用，going to an amusement park和On reaching the park是关键词，故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文We first queued up for the roller coaster，which was the greatest attraction of all.Soon we were seated on the ride and held on to the bars holding us firmly to our seats（我们首先排队等候过山车，这是最吸引人的地方。很快我们就坐在过山车上，紧紧抓住栏杆，把我们牢牢地固定在座位上），可知表示"接下来的几分钟充满了尖叫和笑声"的选项E可以承接上文，the roller coaster和full of screams and laughter是关键词，故选E。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Then we went for those shooting games（然后我们开始了射击比赛），可知表示"在那里，如果我们击中目标，我们可以获得奖品"的选项A符合前后的语境，those shooting games和hit the target是关键词，故选A。
（4）主题判断题。根据后文We entered the house with heads held high，but came out with our hearts beating fast.And we were shaking from head to foot（我们昂首走进房子，但出来时心跳得很快。我们从头到脚都在发抖），可知表示"然后是最恐怖的部分，鬼屋。"的选项C符合本段的主题，shaking from head to foot和the most scary part是关键词，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句During all this，we hadn't noticed time fly and it was getting dark，so we said goodbye and returned home（在这段时间里，我们没有注意到时间飞逝，天也快黑了，所以我们告别了，回到了家），可知表示"那天晚上，在我的梦中，所有有趣的画面都回来了"的选项D符合前后介绍游玩以后感受的语境，returned home和That night是关键词，故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了在生日那天去游乐园玩耍的经历。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~35.【答案】D、A、A、B、D、C、A、B、C、C、B、C、D、A、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.smaller更小的；B.weaker更弱的；C.smarter更聪明的；D.safer更安全的。句意：当每个人的脸上都戴着口罩时，你可能会觉得身体的健康更安全，但你开始觉得灵魂的健康更糟糕。根据前文"during the last year of the COVID-19 pandemic"和"when every face has a mask on it"可知，疫情期间人们带着口罩会让你觉得身体健康更安全。故选D项。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.soul灵魂；B.body身体；C.head头；D.eye眼睛。句意：当每个人的脸上都戴着口罩时，你可能会觉得身体的健康更安全，但你开始觉得灵魂的健康更糟糕。根据前文" in the health of your body but"可知，虽然身体健康上觉得更安全了，但精神（灵魂）更不健康了。故选A项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.light光；B.tear眼泪；C.question问题；D.regret后悔，遗憾。句意：最近，我开始注意到眼睛里的光芒，以及人们对我微笑时温和地揭开口罩。根据后文"that smile"可知，人们微笑时眼里发出和善、乐观的光芒。故选A项。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.burden负担；B.blessing祝福，幸事；C.loss损失；D.secret秘密。句意：对我来说，那微笑是一种幸事。根据根据前文"the gentle lifting of the mask when people smile at me"可知人们摘下口罩对我笑时，我将它看作一种"幸事"。故选B项。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.change改变；B.recipe食谱，方法；C.wish愿望；D.treasure宝藏。句意：我一直把每一个微笑都视为珍宝。根据后文"today as I pass on the happiness to my children"可知，我把微笑一直当做一种"珍宝"，并将它传递给孩子们。故选D项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.wisdom智慧；B.curiosity好奇心；C.joy快乐；D.understanding理解。句意：随着我长大，妈妈的微笑为我的生活增添了欢乐。根据后文"the happiness "可知，妈妈的微笑给我的生活增添了快乐。故选C项。
（7）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lives on继续存在；B.slows down慢下来；C.dies out灭绝；D.takes off起飞，（生意）兴隆。句意：我很高兴它能延续到今天，我把这份幸福传递给了我的孩子们。根据后文"today as I pass on the happiness to my children. "可知，如今我将妈妈的笑容传递给孩子，因此它继续存在着。故选A项。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.dull枯燥无聊的；B.cheerful高兴的；C.shocking令人震惊的；D.hesitant犹豫的。句意：奶奶的笑容总是带着欢快的"你好！"根据前文"the happiness"可知妈妈微笑的时候总伴随着一句轻松愉快的"Hello！"。故选B项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.normal正常的；B.strange奇怪的；C.rare稀有的；D.unique独特的。句意：父亲不苟言笑，很少露出笑容，但我喜欢看到他有时大笑的样子。根据后文" as he was strict and serious"可知，爸爸严格又严肃，所以他的微笑很少见。故选C项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.approved支持；B.responded回应；C.laughed笑；D.bargained讨价还价。句意：父亲不苟言笑，很少露出笑容，但我喜欢看到他有时大笑的样子。根据前文"but I loved seeing it"可知，当看到爸爸偶尔笑的时候，我还是很开心的。故选C项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.failures失败；B.smiles微笑；C.challenges挑战；D.stories故事。句意：这些年来，我学到了很多关于微笑的东西。根据后文"I read once that "We don't smile because we are happy.We are happy because we smile"."可知，这些年我学到了更多关于"微笑"东西。故选B项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.frequently频繁地；B.still仍然；C.never从不；D.easily轻松地。句意：我还读到过"我从来没有见过不漂亮的笑脸"。根据前文"I read once that "We don't smile because we are happy.We are happy because we smile"."可知，我所读到的都是在讲微笑的积极作用，人的脸也会因为微笑而变得漂亮，因此我从没见过不漂亮的笑脸。故选C项。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.selling出售；B.purchasing购买；C.washing洗；D.wearing穿戴。句意：事实上，当你微笑的时候，不管你是戴着口罩，还是你的牙齿是白的还是黄的，是多的还是少的，或者是缺的，都不要紧。根据后文"a mask"可知，此处表示"当你戴着口罩时"。故选D项。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.teeth牙齿；B.cars车；C.fingers手指；D.feet脚。句意：事实上，当你微笑的时候，不管你是戴着口罩，还是你的牙齿是白的还是黄的，是多的还是少的，或者是缺的，都不要紧。根据后文"are white or yellow"，此处表示但你戴着口罩时，你的牙齿是否洁白没关系。故选A项。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.Forget忘记；B.Show展示；C.Seek寻找；D.Award授予，颁发。句意：展示你的微笑，因为它可以提升你的精神，分享你的爱，传播你的幸福。根据后文"because it can lift your spirits，share your love and spread your happiness"可知，微笑有这么多好处，人们应该"展示"自己的微笑。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们微笑有好处，并且呼吁人们要微笑。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。

36.【答案】【小题1】has become
【小题2】which
【小题3】styles
【小题4】preference
【小题5】visiting
【小题6】an
【小题7】to
【小题8】used
【小题9】typically
【小题10】are added
【解析】（1）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：火锅，作为中国传统的民间美食，至少从汉代开始，就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食，尤其是在冬季。根据时间状语since at least the Han Dynasty（自从汉代开始）可知，主句应用现在完成时，主语Hot pot为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：火锅，作为中国传统的民间美食，至少从汉代开始，就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食，尤其是在冬季。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，连接词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：在中国，从四川的麻辣火锅、广东的海鲜火锅到香港的羊肉火锅，有着不同风格的火锅和不同口味的浓汤。根据空前的形容词different（不同的）及谓语动词are可知，此处应用可数名词style的复数形式。故填styles。
（4）考查可数名词单数。句意：不管你喜欢什么，中国火锅总有让你感兴趣的地方。空前有形容词性物主代词your修饰，空处应填名词，prefer的名词形式是preference，表示"偏爱的事物；最喜爱的东西"，是可数名词，在让步状语从句中作主语，根据空后is可知，主语为单数形式。故填preference。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：游览重庆，你将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。分析句子结构可知，在when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语和be动词，visit和逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式。故填visiting。
（6）考查冠词。句意：游览重庆，您将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。opportunity"机会"是可数名词，此处泛指"一次机会"，且opportunity是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（7）考查介词。句意：重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅，其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子可知，此处是固定搭配due to，意为"由于"。故填to。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅，其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词use与其逻辑主语sauce之间构成被动关系，应用其过去分词作后置定语，types of sauce used for its base指"用作其底料的酱料类型"。故填used。
（9）考查副词。句意：火锅通常放在餐桌中央的一个金属碗里。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰动词served。故填typically。
（10）考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于锅里的汤快要煮到沸点，食材就被加入沸腾的浓汤中。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句谓语动词，主语the ingredients与动词add之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且上文时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；the ingredients是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are added。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火锅这一中国的传统民间美食。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm excited to hear that you are recruiting volunteers for "Chinese Martial Art Into Campus".【高分句型一】I'm writing to apply for this position.The position can provide me with a good chance to spread lively and elegant Chinese martial arts.（申请的理由）
I think I'm equal to the job.To begin with，with a great command of English，I can communicate with foreign friends fluently.Besides，I have a wide knowledge of Chinese martial arts.What's more，I have gained outstanding organizational and interpersonal skills from previous voluntary work.（个人优势）
I am looking forward to your reply.I would be grateful if I could get admitted.【高分句型二】（希望批准）
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I'm excited to hear that you are recruiting volunteers for "Chinese Martial Art Into Campus".
翻译：听说你们正在招募"中国武术进校园"的志愿者，我很兴奋。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：I would be grateful if I could get admitted.
翻译：如果我能被录取，我会很感激的。
分析：本句运用了if引导的条件状语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。

38.【答案】Now they were twenty miles from Brunswick.And the young people took over window seats on the right side，waiting for the approach of the great oak tree.【高分句型一】Vingo stopped looking，tightening his face into the ex-con's mask，as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment.Then it was ten miles，and then five.The bus acquired a dark hushed mood，full of silence，of absence，of lost years，of the woman's plain face，of the sudden letter on the breakfast table，of the wonder of children，of the iron bars of solitude.【高分句型二】（描写年轻人们以及Vingo在接近目的地时的心理状态以及车上气氛。）
Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats.They were screaming and shouting and crying，doing small dances，shaking clenched fists in triumph and exaltation.All except Vingo.Vingo sat there stunned，looking at the oak tree.It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs twenty of them，thirty of them，maybe hundreds，a tree that stood like a banner of welcome blowing and billowing in the wind，turned into a gorgeous yellow blur by the passing bus.As the young people shouted，the old con slowly rose from his seat，holding himself tightly，and made his way to the front of the bus to go home.（描写年轻人们都站起来的原因以及接下来所看到的一切以及Vingo的喜悦之情。）
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了刚刚在纽约监狱出来的Vingo与一群前往劳德代尔堡的孩子们在一辆公共汽车上，他的始终沉默引起了年轻人们的注意，他向年轻人们讲述了与妻子的约定，现在一直期待着见到约定好的在大橡树上挂着的黄色手帕，离目的地越近，Vingo越是紧张，年轻人们也跟他一起期待着这一刻的到来。
高分句型一：And the young people took over window seats on the right side，waiting for the approach of the great oak tree.
翻译：年轻人坐在右边靠窗的座位上，等待着大橡树的到来。
分析：本句运用了现在分词作状语。
高分句型二：The bus acquired a dark hushed mood，full of silence，of absence，of lost years，of the woman's plain face，of the sudden letter on the breakfast table，of the wonder of children，of the iron bars of solitude.
翻译：公交车上笼罩着一种黑暗、安静的气氛，充满了沉默、离别、逝去的岁月、女人平淡的面孔、早餐桌上突然出现的那封信、孩子们的惊奇、沉默的栅栏。
分析：本句运用了形容词短语作状语。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
       每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
       （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
       一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
       （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
       根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
       （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
       在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。