山东省潍坊市2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份山东省潍坊市2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共13页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。


潍坊市2019届高三上学期期中考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where will the speakers see each other again?
A．At a bank． B．At a shop． C．At a park．
2．How much is a ticket to New Jersey?
A．$21． B．$42． C．$50．
3．How does the man probably feel?
A．Hopeful． B．Confused． C．Annoyed．
4．What are the two speakers talking about?
A．The lighting． B．The friendly staff． C．A romantic meal．
5．What does the woman mean?
A．She will be late for class．
B．She doesn’t know the area well．
C．She has never heard of the college．
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What rooms does the man want to reserve?
A．Business suites． B．Double rooms． C．Single rooms．
7．When will the man check in?
A．On the 16th． B．On the 19th． C．On the 23rd．
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题
8．How often did the woman use to have tomato soup?
A．Once a month． B．Twice a month． C．Every week．
9．What will the man do next?
A．Eat some bread．
B．Order some tomato soup．
C．Have more of the woman’s soup．
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why does the man like going to the gym?
A．It has fresh air．
B．He can meet his friends there．
C．People who use gyms are healthier．
11．What is the man going to do at 3：00?
A．Run in the park．
B．Go for an interview．
C．Use the machines in the gym．
12．What does the man actually mean about the woman at last?
A．She strictly sticks to her fitness routine．
B．She should make more cakes．
C．She is doing nothing for her health．
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How many people were on the man’s list at first?
A．Two． B．Four． C．Seven．
14．What kind of person do the speakers want to hire?
A．A financial manager．
B．A college professor．
C．A tax collector．
15．Who has worked in tax accounting for years?
A．Betty Davidson． B．Fred White． C．Brenda Cox．
16．Why did the man leave Brenda Cox off his list?
A．She’s the boss．
B．Her application looks poor．
C．She has little experience in management．
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How many distances does the Great Wall Marathon offer?
A．Two． B．There． C．Four．
18．What do the color signs tell the runners?
A．How far away they have come．
B．Where the medical team is．
C．How to find the water station．
19．How far must a runner go before the first water station?
A．One kilometer． B．Two kilometers． C．Four kilometers．
20．What should runners be very careful about?
A．Fast runners． B．Cars on the road． C．Getting too thirsty．
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When traveling on a budget，every dollar counts．Unfortunately，the cost of airfare alone can burn a serious hole in your wallet．Don’t let that stop you from taking your dream vacation，though．According to Jeff Klee，CEO of CheapAir，there is a“sweet spot”to getting the biggest bang for your buck．
“The most important rule is fairly obvious：don’t wait until the last minute，as that rarely works out，”he said in a statement．“But beyond that，you also want to be careful not to buy too early．”
Still，that’s easier said than done．Finding the most cost-efficient time to book is tough．Luckily，somebody did the math—so you don’t have to．Data crunchers from the online travel agency CheapAir surveyed over 917 million fares to determine the day with the cheapest rates.Here’s what they found：while prices tend to stay the same between 320 and 106 days before a trip，they start dropping at the 105-day mark．That said，you might be tempted to book the moment prices drop．But hold up!You’ll save even more money by booking precisely 70 days before your trip．According to CheapAir，you can save 48 percent of the ticket’s total cost by using this trick．After that date，airfares will begin to increase again．And don’t even think about booking any later than 20 days ahead of time，as prices will be soaring．
So，what are you waiting for?Start planning your next dream vacation，and book accordingly．Your wallet will thank you-guaranteed．
1. When can we book our plane tickets to save the most money?
A. The later，the better． B. As early as possible．
C. 105 days before our trip． D. 70 days before our trip．
2. How much can the trick help us save if the ticket costs $400 totally?
A. $48． B. $192．
C. $208． D. $352．
3. What’s the purpose of the author in writing this text?
A. To explain what a“sweet spot”is．
B. To attract people to travel by plane．
C. To show the ways of booking plane tickets．
D. To tell people how to buy cheap plane tickets．
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文向要乘坐飞机的游客提供了一些购飞机票的时间攻略。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“You’ll save even more money by booking precisely 70 days before your trip”可知，在旅行前70天预订，你会节省更多的钱。故D选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“According to CheapAir，you can save 48 percent of the ticket’s total cost by using this trick．”根据廉价航空公司的说法，通过使用这种技巧，你可以节省机票总成本的48 %。所以如果这张票总共400美元，这个技巧能帮我们节省：400×48 %。= $192。故B选项正确。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，作者主要在告诉我们在哪个时间去买机票，从而使我们能够买到最便宜的机票。所以短文的主要目的是告诉人们如何买便宜的飞机票。故D选项正确。
B
J．K．Rowling turned another year older this week．Born Joanne Rowling，J．K．Rowling is，of course，her adopted pen name．Concerned that young boys might not go for a book written by a woman，her publisher suggested she come up with a pseudonym．So，upon combining her first initial with the initial of her paternal grandmother，Kathleen，the moniker J．K．Rowling was born．
Interesting fact about Rowling：apparently，she can only fool some of the people some of the time．
Back in April of this year，a crime novel appeared on the shelves．It was entitled The Cuckoo's Calling，and it was written by Robert Galbraith．According to Galbraith’s bio，he spent“several years with the Royal Military Police”and the leading character of his novel，a fellow by the name of Cormoran Strike，“grew directly out of his own experiences and those of his military friends．”Only，upon further review，he didn’t!The book was actually penned by J．K．Rowling，who apparently wanted to try and sell a novel based on complete craftsmanship rather than on her name.
Unfortunately，however，the wife of a partner in the media firm in whom she placed he trust，shared the secret on Twitter．Rowling was angry and disappointed conceming the beyrying of trust．
I'm not sure whether I would be terribly upset for too long，if I were her．Previous to her being known as the author，Rowling saw her book listed 4，709th on Amazon．After the big reveal，her book jumped all the way to No．1!
More importantly，I think she got what she wanted．The novel has received nearly universal critical acclaim．Rowling passed her own test with flying colors．Clearly，she’s pretty good at her craft!
In any case，I personally look forward to reading her newest writing endeavor．
4. Why was Joanne Rowling advised to use a male pen name?
A. It was a common practice．
B. Her grandmother didn’t like her name．
C. The publisher wanted to give readers a surprise．
D. Women writers might not be popular with boy readers．
5. Why didn’t J．K．Rowling publish her new book under her name?
A. She thought her name was out of date．
B. Readers didn’t like her books any longer．
C. She intended to prove her writing ability．
D. She thought a new name could make her more popular．
6. What does the word“acclaim”underlined in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. Severe criticism． B. Great respect．
C. High praise． D. Much sympathy．
7. What is the best title of the text?
A. The Secret is Out B. Her Door is Open
C. The Book is Off Sale D. Her Effort is in Vain
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。叙述了罗琳使用假名字的原因，以及罗琳为了证实自己的写作能力而不使用自己的名字，但名字还是被泄露的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Concerned that young boys might not go for a book written by a woman，her publisher suggested she come up with a pseudonym”可知，因为担心小男孩可能不喜欢女人写的书，所以她的出版商建议她用假名。故D选项正确。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Rowling passed her own test with flying colors．Clearly，she’s pretty good at her craft!”可知，罗琳以优异的成绩通过了自己的测试。显然，她很擅长写作。所以判断出罗琳不以自己的名字出版书籍是为了证明她的写作能力。故C选项正确。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。由倒数第三段“Previous to her being known as the author，Rowling saw her book listed 4，709th on Amazon．After the big reveal，her book jumped all the way to No．1!”可知，读者再知道真正的作者之前，罗琳所写的书位居亚马逊的第4709位，大揭密之后，她的书一路跳到了第一名。所以我们判断出这部小说获得了普遍的好评。故C选项正确。
【7题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，罗琳为了证实自己的写作能力而不使用自己的名字，但名字还是被泄露，因此她所写的书受到了读者的普遍赞扬。故A选项正确。
C
Plants cannot run or hide，so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten．Some curl up their leaves；others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them，chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack．New research now shows some flora can feel a plant—eating animal well before it launches an attack，letting a plant prepare a preemptive(抢先的)defense that even works against other pest species．

When ecologist John Orroek of the University of Wisconsin—Madison sprayed snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—into soil，nearby tomato plants appeared to notice．They．increased their levels of an enzyme(生化酶)，which is known to prevent plant—eating animals．“None of the plants were ever actually attacked．”Orrock says．“We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming，and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry．”
Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails；in the latest study，his team measured the slimy warning impact on another potential threat．The investigators found that hungry-caterpillars(毛虫)，which usually eat tomato leaves greedily，had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance．This nonspecifie defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival，says Orrock，who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia．
The finding that a snail’s approach can cause a plant response that afiects a different animal made Richard Karban curious，a plant communications expert，who was not involved in the study.“It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such far-ranging effects，” Karban says．The research was comprehensive，he adds，but he wondern how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slirae that never actually touched them．
“That’s the million-dollar question，”Orrock says．He hopes ruture research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues．
8. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Watchful Plants B. Greedy Animals
C. A Snail’s Approach D. A Defense Attack
9. John Orrock sprayed a liquid into soil nearby tomato plants to_______．
A. make them grow better
B. give tomato plants a warning
C. keep plant—eating animals away
D. inform plant-eating animals of danger
10. Why is the example of“caterpillars”mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. To introduce another animal．
B. To confirm the result of the study．
C. To appeal to people to protect animals.
D. To analyse different resistance chemicals．
11. What does Richard Karban really want to know?
A. How tomato plants become aware of danger．
B. What the chemicals in the snail slime are．
C. Whether the research is of practical value．
D. What the finding of the research is．
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，植物能感知到动物即将发动的攻击。
【8题详解】
标题归纳题。由第一段“New research now shows some flora can feel a plant—eating animal well before it launches an attack”可知，新的研究显示，植物能感知到动物即将发动的攻击。故A选项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming”可知，我们只是给了他们暗示攻击即将来临的线索。故B选项正确。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。由第三段“This nonspecifie defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival，says Orrock，who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia．”可知，这种非特定的防御可能是一种策略，通过进一步提高植物生存的整体可能性，使植物受益。Orrotock今年3月在Ocologia与同事一起报告了这一结果。所以判断出第三段提到的毛毛冲的例子是为了确认研究结果。故B选项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段“but he wondern how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slirae that never actually touched them．”可知但是他想知道番茄植物是如何感受到蜗牛粘液中的化学物质，而这些化学物质从未真正接触过它们。所以判断出Richard想知道西红柿植物是如何感知危险的。故A选项正确。
D
Digital grounding is when parents or caregivers limit or completely take away access to technology from children．According to a study conducted by Pew Research，65％of parents have digitally grounded their teen by taking away their teen’s cellphone or internet access as punishment．
Because children are so connected with their technologies，digital grounding may seem like a logical step for parents．Take away a child’s most cherished item and they will quickly learn from their behavior．But the idea of digital grounding isn’t as clear—cut as that．Instead，it may be a lose-lose situation for parents and kids，alike．
For most parents，the goal of grounding isn’t to make their children unhappy or sad．It is to teach a lesson in the hope that they won’t engage in whatever behavior got them in trouble in the first place．Unfortunately，though，digital grounding is often just punishment，not discipline．If a child stays out past curfew(约定的最晚回家时间)，a punishment would be hitting or yelling at them．Discipline would be not letting them go out the next weekend because they failed to follow rules．
We’ve all been there—we’ve caught our child doing something wrong and in the heat of the moment laid out a strict punishment．We may have been feeling hot—headed，embarrassed，or upset．Often，though，these punishments don’t align with the bad behavior．
While digital grounding may solve the problem temporarily，it won’t provide children with the guidance they need to act appropriately in the future．Instead of grounding，show your child what they did wrong and give them the chance to act differently．This way，they will learn from their mistakes in a practical manner and figure out ways to be safe and smart with technology．
There’s no denying it：technology is here for the long-haul．This is why some parenting experts don’t recommend digitally grounding your children．It doesn’t focus on the end goal of safe behavior．They recommend teaching them good habits as soon as possible，rather than taking away their technology．By digitally grounding them，you are putting a bandage over the wound，rather than treating it．
Now，when we say that digital grounding is a lose-lose situation，we’re not saying that disciplining your children in general is a lose—lose situation．Discipline is a great way to teach children lessons，when used appropriately．
12. Which of the following is a form of discipline?
A. Hitting or yelling at children．
B. Laying out a strict punishment in the heat of the moment．
C. Taking away access to cellphones from children completely．
D. Forbidding kids to go out the next weekend if they stay out past curfew．
13. What does the author think of digital grounding?
A. It benefits children greatly．
B. It is no better than disciplining．
C. Parents can use it to correct kids’behavior．
D. Neither parents nor children gain benefits from it．
14. What does the author suggest parents do instead of grounding?
A. Give kids more free time． B. Act appropriately in public．
C. Help kids form good habits． D. Put a bandage over the wound．
15. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To inform us of ways of punishing kids．
B. To explain what digital grounding means．
C. To show how to parent children in digital times．
D. To prove digital grounding is not a good parenting way．
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了“数码囚禁”并不是教养孩子的好方法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“ a child stays out past curfew(约定的最晚回家时间)，a punishment would be hitting or yelling at them．Discipline would be not letting them go out the next weekend because they failed to follow rules．”可知，一个孩子超过约定的最晚回家时间，惩罚就是打他们或对他们大喊大叫。纪律不会让他们下周末出去，因为他们没有遵守规则。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“Instead，it may be a lose-lose situation for parents and kids，alike．”可知，相反这对父母和孩子来说可能是一种两败俱伤的局面。故D选项正确。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段“They recommend teaching them good habits as soon as possible，rather than taking away their technology”可知，他们建议尽快教他们好习惯，而不是拿走他们的技术。故C选项正确。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“Instead，it may be a lose-lose situation for parents and kids，alike．”第三段“For most parents，the goal of grounding isn’t to make their children unhappy or sad. 第五段“while digital grounding may solve the problem temporarily it won’t provide children with the guidance they need to act appropriately in the future．”第六段“This is why some parenting experts don’t recommend digitally grounding your children”可知，“数码囚禁”并不是教养孩子的好方法。故D选项正确。
【点睛】有些时候推理判断很难从哪些词或者短语来推测出其隐含的意思。这时我们就要着眼整个文章，综合短文给出的全部信息进行推理判断，从而找出其隐含的意思。我们根据第二段“Instead，it may be a lose-lose situation for parents and kids，alike.”相反，对于父母和孩子来说，这可能是一种两败俱伤的局面。第三段“For most parents，the goal of grounding isn’t to make their children unhappy or sad对大多数父母来说，“数码囚禁”目的不是让孩子不快乐或伤心。第五段“while digital grounding may solve the problem temporarily， it won’t provide children with the guidance they need to act appropriately in the future”虽然“数码囚禁”接地可以暂时解决这个问题，但它不能为儿童提供他们将来采取适当行动所需的指导。第六段“This is why some parenting experts don’t recommend digitally grounding your children”这就是为什么一些家长专家不建议你的孩子接受“数码囚禁”。通过对这些信息的综合判断，我们可以推断出，短文的主要目的是告诉人们“数码囚禁”并不是教养孩子的好方法。故小题4的正确选项为D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Science of Talking with Your Preschooler
Language is the fullest and most useful way of communication，and we can teach young children how to use language by engaging them in conversations． ___16___ ．There are three main conversation techniques that parents can use to help their preschoolers develop important oral language skills．
___17___ ．The more details that are added in a conversation，the more opportunities the young child has to learn new words．Listen closely to what the child is talking about，and then explain it further to help a preschooler expand language．
Interact by asking questions and telling answers that are meaning to the child’s interests．___18___．It also sives preschoolers opportunities to use the new words．By asking different types of questions like who，where，why，what，how and when，young children are encouraged to use their own words and express their own ideas．
Help young children learn to use their language to consider and solve a problem．By“wondering aloud，”an adult models his thinking process and exposes preschoolers to curiosity and the abstract uses of language．“Wondering aloud”is simply saying out loud what you are thinking．___19___ ，you can involve your child in what you are doing and demonstrate how to think through a problem to come to a conclusion．
Strong oral language skills developed during the preschool years will help a child’s success with later reading comprehension in schoo1．Engaging your young children in rich conversations can help them build important language skills．___20___ ．
A．If gestures are added
B．By expressing your thoughts in words
C．Clearly explain new words and add details
D．It can also help you and your child to have fun together
E．Having good conversations with preschoolers is a“science”
F．Employ simple words to make abstract thoughts easier to understand
G．Such practice helps a child maintain interest on a topic or all acridty
【答案】16. E 17. C
18. G 19. B
20. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。短文向父母介绍了帮助学龄前儿童发展重要的口语技能的三种主要的会话技巧。
【16题详解】
由 “we can teach young children how to use language by engaging them in conversations我们可以通过让孩子们参与对话来教他们如何使用语言。There are three main conversation techniques that parents can use to help their preschoolers develop important oral language skills．”父母可以使用三种主要的对话技巧来帮助学龄前儿童发展重要的口语技能。可知，小题1要起到承上启下的作用。故E选项切题。
【17题详解】
由“The more details that are added in a conversation，the more opportunities the young child has to learn new words”对谈话中添加的细节越多，孩子学习新词的机会就越多。可知，小题2所处的位置，决定了小题2 是对本段的概括。故C选项切题。
【18题详解】
由“Interact by asking questions and telling answers that are meaning to the child’s interests”通过提问和说出对孩子的利益有意义的答案来互动。可知，小题3要说明以上的实践所起的积极作用。故G选项切题。
【19题详解】
由“you can involve your child in what you are doing and demonstrate how to think through a problem to come to a conclusion．”你可以让你的孩子参与你正在做的事情，并演示如何思考问题以得出结论。可知，小题4要起到承接下文的作用。故B选项切题。
【20题详解】
由“Engaging your young children in rich conversations can help them build important language skills．”让你的孩子参与到丰富的对话中，可以帮助他们培养重要的语言技能”。可知，小题5要总结这段的内容。故D选项正确。
【点睛】通过判断句子的结构形式，是七选五题型常用的解题方法。小题4所在的段落中有By“wondering aloud”这样的介词短语的结构，通过这样的结构，从而引出后面的话题。我们再通过“you can involve your child in what you are doing and demonstrate how to think through a problem to come to a conclusion．”的判断，可知小题4前面也应该有这样的一个介词短语来引出后面的话题。对比选项和意思，我们最终判断小题4的正确选项为B选项。通过找句子结构的判断，大大地降低了七选五题型的难度。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sitting at table in my school cafeteria，I looked around，slowly taking in everything．For the first time in my life．I ___21___ that I had been seeing without seeing for the past two years．
Student after student passed my ___22___ carrying that day’s lunch，but if you looked deeper，there was more to ___23___ ．There was more than just the uniform they were wearing or the way they had styled their ___24___ that day．There was a lot more hidden under the ___25___ ．
Catching the eye of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table，I ___26___ politely．She smiled ___27___ and then continued to pick at the spaghetti in front of her．If I hadn't ___28___ recently that her mother was dying of leukemia．I would have never ___29___ anything was wrong and I may not have been as ____30____ and sympathetic，either．It suddenly ____31____ me that we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story．I realized that everyone may have something ____32____they are facing in their lives．
I have an incurable lung disease．No one at our school knows—I don’t show any noticeable ____33____ except for a few coughs here and there．I go about my day like any other kid，____34____ with the realization that I have a ____35____ and terrifying future．
Before that day when I decided to ____36____ the world with a new perspective．I ____37____ myself almost every day．I thought only about myself and my heavy ____38____ ．But I've now realized that I am not the only one ____39____ ：everyone has their own mountain to face．No one is ____40____ —we just need to accept each other the way we are．
21. A. promised B. realized C. pretended D. joked
22. A. order B. room C. table D. cafeteria
23. A. observe B. imagine C. compare D. exchange
24. A. diet B. clothing C. bicycle D. hair
25. A. surface B. uniform C. ru1es D. circumstances
26. A. said B. moved C. waved D. bowed
27. A. casually B. weakly C. happily D. impatiently
28. A. found B. noticed C. heard D. decided
29. A. suspected B. remembered C. predicted D. regretted
30. A. outstanding B. willing C. demanding D. understanding
31. A. escaped B. satisfied C. hit D. attracted
32. A. extra B. valuable C. common D. tough
33. A. symptoms B. diseases C. complaints D. weaknesses
34. A. and B. but C. or D. so
35. A. bright B. dark C. real D. serious
36. A. change B. create C. view D. tolerate
37. A. pitied B. forgave C. challenged D. encouraged
38. A. debt B. reward C. burden D. workload
39. A. blessed B. favored C. 1aughing D. suffering
40. A. changeable B. perfect C. unique D. different
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者身患绝症，坐在学校自助餐厅的餐桌旁，看着就餐的学生。作者意识到每个人的很多事情隐藏在表面下，每个人在生活中都可能会面临一些艰难的事情，每个人都需要以自己的方式彼此理解，彼此接受。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。Promised承诺 ； B. realized意识到 ； C. pretended 假装 D. joked开玩笑。句意:这是我一生中第一次意识到，我一直见而无所见。根据句意，故B选项切题。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. order命令； B. room 房间； C. table 桌子； D. cafeteria咖啡馆。句意:一个接一个学生拿着那天的午餐经过我的桌子。由“Sitting at table in my school cafeteria”可知，C选项切题。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。 A. observe 观察； B. imagine想象； C. compare 对比 ； D. exchange交换。句意:但是如果你看得仔细，会有更多值得观察的地方。由“you looked deeper”故A选项切题。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. diet饮食 ； B. clothing 衣服； C. bicycle自行车 ； D. hair头发。句意:这不仅仅是他们那天穿的校服或者梳着的发型。由 “style”可知，D选项切题。
【25题详解】
考名词查辨析。 A. surface表面 ； B. uniform 制服； C. ru1es 规则 ； D. circumstances环境。句意:表面下隐藏着更多的东西。很多事情隐藏在表面下。 故A选项切题。
【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. said 说； B. moved 移动； C. waved 挥手 ； D. bowed鞠躬。句意:我年级的一个女生坐在附近的桌子旁，我礼貌地挥了挥手。根据句意，故C选项切题。
【27题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. casually偶然地； B. weakly虚弱地 ； C. happily快乐地 ； D. impatiently没有耐心地。句意:她微微笑了笑。根据句意，故B选项切题。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. found发现 ； B. noticed 注意 ； C. heard 听 ；D. decided决定。句意：如果我最近没有听说她母亲死于白血病。我永远不会怀疑有什么不对劲。由“ her mother was dying of leukemia”可知，作者听说她的母亲死于白血病。故C选项切题。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. suspected 怀疑 ； B. remembered 记得 ； C. predicted预测 ； D. regretted后悔。句意:如果我最近没有听说她母亲死于白血病。我永远不会怀疑有什么不对劲。根据句意，故A选项切题。
【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。 A. outstanding接触的； B. willing 愿意的； C. demanding苛求的； D. understanding了解的。句意:我也可能没有那么理解和同情。由“sympathetic”可知，D选项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。11. A. escaped逃脱； B. satisfied使...满意 ； C. hit袭击 ； D. attracted吸引。句意:我突然想到，我们在不知道整个故事的情况下就对别人评头论足。It hit sb that“某人想起......”。符合句意，故C选项切题。
【32题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. extra额外的 ； B. valuable 有价值的 ； C. common 共同的 ； D. tough棘手的，坚强的。句意:我意识到每个人在生活中都可能会面临一些艰难的事情。由前文作者听说女孩的母亲死于白血病以及后文作者得了不可治愈的肺部疾病。可知，D选项切题。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。 A. symptoms症状 ； B. diseases疾病 ； C. complaints 抱怨 ； D. weaknesses弱点。句意:除了偶尔咳嗽，我没有表现出任何明显的症状。由“I have an incurable lung disease．”可知，患病了就会有相应的症状。故A选项切题。
【34题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. and 和 ； B. but但是 ； C. or或者； D. so所以。句意:但是意识到我有一个黑暗而可怕的未来。前后语意转折。故B选项切题。
【35题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. bright 明亮的；B. dark黑暗的 ； C. real 真的； D. serious严肃的。句意:但是意识到我有一个黑暗而可怕的未来。由“terrifying ”可知，B选项切题。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. change改变； B. create 创造 ； C. view看待 ；D. tolerate忍受。句意:我决定用一种新的视角来看待这个世界。由“with a new perspective”可知，C选项切题。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. pitied同情 ； B. forgave原谅 ； C. challenged 挑战 ； D. encouraged鼓励。句意:我几乎每天都可怜自己。根据句意，A选项切题。
【38题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. debt 债务； B. reward 报答； C. burden 负担 ； D. workload工作量。句意:我只想着我自己和我沉重的负担。由“heavy”以及所得的疾病。可知, C选项切题。
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. blessed 祝福 ； B. favored支持； C. 1aughing 笑 ； D. suffering遭受。句意:但我现在意识到，并不是只有我一个人在遭受痛苦，每个人都有自己的负担要面对。根据句意，D选项切题。
【40题详解】
考查形容词辨析。 A. changeable 易变的； B. perfect 完美的； C. unique 独特的 ； D. different不同的。句意:没有人是完美的。由“we just need to accept each other the way we are”可知，没有人是完美的，所以我们仅仅需要以我们的方式彼此理解和彼此接受。故B选项切题。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a saying that goes，“All roads lead to Rome．”Roads were essential for the ___41___ (grow)of the Roman Empire．These roads enabled the Romans to move armies ___42___(efficient)．At its peak，the Roman road system ___43___ (cover)53，000 miles and contained about 372 links．The Romans were good at constructing these roads，___44___ were called viae(通路)．
Prepared viae began in history as the streets of Rome．The laws of the Twelve Tables(十二铜表法)，___45___(date)back to approximately 450 B．C．，explain that a road shall be 8 feet wide where straight and 16 feet where curved．According to the Tables，Romans are commanded ___46___(build)roads that would not need frequent repair．
The Romans had ___47___ preference for standardization whenever they could．A golden milestone near the temple of Saturn was set up．___48___ this milestone were listed all of the cities in the empire and the distances to them．
Roman roads ___49___ (consider)very important in maintaining both the stability and the expansion of the empire at that time．Even after over 1，000 years，these roads are still used．During the fall of the Roman Empire，the same roads offered ___50___ (avenue)of invasion to the foreigners．This contributed to Roman military ruins．
【答案】41. growth
42. efficiently
43. covered
44. which 45. dating
46. to build
47. a 48. On
49. were considered
50. avenues
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了古罗马道路系统的建造和作用。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：道路对罗马帝国的发展至关重要。the+名词+of“....的”。故填 growth 。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些道路使罗马人能够有效地调动军队。efficiently 为副词修饰动词move。故填 efficiently 。
【43题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：在顶峰时期，罗马的道路系统覆盖了53，000英里，包含了大约372个路段。分析句子可知，cover为本句话的谓语，且句子为一般过去时。故填covered。
【44题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：罗马人擅长修建这些被称为viae的道路。分析句子可知，本句涉及非限制性定语从句，which 为先行词代替前面的整个句子。故填 which 。
【45题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：12铜表法则可以追溯到大约公元前450年。分析句子可知，The laws of the Twelve Tables与date在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填dating。
【46题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：罗马人被命令修建不需要频繁维修的道路。be commanded to do sth “被命令做某事”。故填to build 。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：只要有可能，罗马人都倾向于标准化。have a preference for.....“更喜欢.....”为固定短语。故填a 。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这个里程碑上，列出了帝国中的所有城市以及它们之间的距离。On the milestone“在里程碑上”。故填On 。
【49题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：罗马道路在当时被认为对维持帝国的稳定和扩张都非常重要。分析句子可知，句子为一般过去时。consider为本句话的谓语，与主语为被动。故填were considered。
【50题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在罗马帝国垮台期间，同样的道路为外国人提供了入侵的途径。avenue为可数,根据句意，故填avenues。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
School life is a large part of my adolescence．I have learned how to get on well with my fellow schoolmate and teachers at schoo1．It’s quite usual what arguments happen between students．For an example，we may have different opinions when it come to organizing an activity．
However，we have to learn to respect other people’s opinions and think about it carefully．It is necessary for us to have a discussion after we make a final decision．School life had really taught me how to communicate each other．It will certain play an important role in help me find a good job in the future．
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。叙述了学校生活使作者收获了什么。
【详解】第一处：考查名词复数。句意：我已经学会了如何与学校的同学和老师相处融洽。and并列连接fellow schoolmate 和teachers ,且schoolmate为可数名词。故schoolmate→schoolmates。
第二处：考查连接词。句意：学生之间发生的争论是很常见的。分析句子可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语为从句，从句的句子成分完整，所以连接词为that。故what→ that。
第三处：考查删除多余词。句意：例如，在组织活动时，我们可能会有不同的意见。for example为固定短语。故去掉an。
第四处：考查动词单数第三人称形式。句意：例如，在组织活动时，我们可能会有不同的意。分析句子可知，句子为一般现在时，it为主语，所以谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。故come →comes。
第五处：考查代词。句意：然而，我们必须学会尊重他人的意见，并仔细考虑它们。them替代前面的opinions。故it→ them。
第六处：考查连词。句意：在做出最后决定之前，我们有必要进行讨论。根据句意，故after →before。
第七处：考查动词单数第三人称形式。句意：学校生活真的教会了我如何相互交流故。分析句子可知，句子为一般现在时，school life为主语，所以谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。故had →has。
第八处：考查增加词。句意：学校生活真的教会了我如何相互交流。Communicate with sb“与某人交流。”故在communicate后加上with。
第九处：考查副词。句意：它肯定会在帮助我将来找到一份好工作方面发挥重要作用。certainly为副词修饰动词play。故certain →certainly。
第十处：考查动名词。句意：它肯定会在帮助我将来找到一份好工作方面发挥重要作用。in后动名词做宾语。故help →helping 。
【点睛】当that用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，that在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略（宾语从句除外）。分析第二处的句子可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语为从句，从句的句子成分完成，所以连接词为that。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友William寒假期间要来中国游玩，行程中有三天计划住在你家，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．住宿条件；
2．活动安排；
3．其他事项(气候差异、着装提醒等)。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear William,
I am delighted to know that you are coming to China , and especially excited that you will stay in my home. Now, I’d like to tell you some relevant information about your stay here.
The bedroom in which you will live is bright and pleasant. Varieties of books as well as a computer are available. Of course you have easy access to the network. What ’s more, I intend to show you around my city where you can visit some places of interest. By the way, we are having a cold winter here. So , be sure to bring with you winter clothes.
I am sure you will have a wonderful experience here. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1．住宿条件；2．活动安排；3．其他事项(气候差异、着装提醒等)。第二，人称为第一人称和第二人称。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，欢迎William的到来并告知相关的信息。第二段，1．住宿条件；2．活动安排；3．其他事项(气候差异、着装提醒等)。第三段，表示感谢并期。其中第二段为重点段落。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:bright and pleasant，Varieties of books，have easy access to ,show sb around, some places of interest, bring with, a wonderful experience.
第四步：确定较为高级的句子:I am delighted to know that you are coming to China , and especially excited that you will stay in my home. The bedroom in which you will live is bright and pleasant. I intend to show you around my city where you can visit some places of interest.
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接: especially ,Now, Of course, Whats more, By the way, So.
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式如: I am delighted to know that you are coming to China , and especially excited that you will stay in my home.The bedroom in which you will live is bright and pleasant. I intend to show you around my city where you can visit some places of interest.
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次,整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。