2023年北京市通州区中考英语一模试卷（含解析）

这是一份2023年北京市通州区中考英语一模试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 Be quiet等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年北京市通州区中考英语一模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
1. Mr.Smith is ______ English teacher.He is very kind to us.（　　）
A. her B. your C. our D. their
2. Peter often goes to see his uncle ________ Sunday afternoon and they have dinner together.（　　）
A. on B. in C. at D. from
3. —_____________ do you want to be a doctor？
—Because I want to help people live longer and healthier.（　　）
A. What B. Why C. Who D. How
4. —Tom，__________ you help me take these books to the classroom？
—Yes，I can.（　　）
A. can B. may C. need D. must
5. Remember to put on your coat when you go outside，________ you will catch a cold.（　　）
A. or B. but C. and D. so
6. I think physics is one of ____________ subjects because I like doing experiments.（　　）
A. interesting B. more interesting
C. most interesting D. the most interesting
7. Be quiet.Lucy ________ a maths class online and she must listen to the teacher carefully.（　　）
A. has B. is having C. will have D. has had
8. —Jack，did you go to see a film last Sunday？
—No.I _______ the Palace Museum with my friends and we saw a lot of exhibits there.（　　）
A. visit B. will visit C. visited D. have visited
9. Kate is my classmate.We ________ good friends for more than 5 years.（　　）
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
10. If you listen to the speech this afternoon，you _________ more knowledge about health.（　　）
A. learn B. learned C. will learn D. have learned
11. —Mary，can you tell me___________ the dictionary？
—Oh，yes.I bought it in Xin Hua Bookstore.（　　）
A. where did you buy B. where you bought
C. where do you buy D. where you buy
12. I _________ to a birthday party by my friend last Friday and we had a good time there.（　　）
A. invite B. will be invited C. invited D. was invited
Drums in Space
Brenda was a happy，artistic girl，a girl with one big dream—to play the （1） ______ in a band.But one big problem lay in her way.To be good enough to play in a band，Brenda had to practice a lot，but she lived next door to a lot of old people—many of them liked living in the quiet place.She knew that the sound of beating drums would really make them feel nervous.
Brenda was a very good，（2） ______ girl.She always tried to find a way of practicing her drums without bothering（打扰）other people.So she had tried playing in the strangest places：a basement，a kitchen，and even in a shower.But it was no good，there was always someone to be（3） ______ with her when she was practicing it.However，Brenda decided to practice as much as she could，she spent most of her time playing on books and boxes，and looking for new places to practice.
One day，while watching a science program on TV，she heard that （4） ______ cannot travel in space，because there's no air.At that moment，Brenda decided to become a musical astronaut.
With the help of a lot of time，a lot of books and a lot of work，Brenda built a space bubble（气泡）.It was a big glass ball connected to a machine which （5） ______ out all the air inside.All those would be left inside were drums and a chair.Brenda put on the space suit she had made，（6） ______ the bubble，turned on the machine，then she played the drums like a wild child!
It wasn't long before Brenda—"The Musical Astronaut"—had become very famous.So many people came to see her play in her space bubble.Shortly afterwards she came out of the bubble and started giving concerts.Her fame spread so much that the government suggested that she could form part of a unique space journey.Finally，Brenda was a real musical （7） ______ ，and had gone far beyond her first dream of playing the drums in a band.
Years later，when people asked her how she had achieved all this，she thought for a moment and said，"If those old people next-door didn't （8） ______ so much to me，I wouldn't go to such lengths to find a solution，and none of this would have ever happened."
13.  A. piano B. violin C. guitar D. drums
14.  A. humorous B. respectful C. confident D. curious
15.  A. patient B. satisfied C. angry D. pleased
16.  A. sound B. heat C. light D. electricity
17.  A. blew B. put C. drew D. found
18.  A. entered B. collected C. followed D. chose
19.  A. manager B. scientist C. inventor D. astronaut
20.  A. show B. matter C. consider D. support
21. Read the problems （1）-（3）and match them with the replies （A-C）.


I share a bedroom and a desk with my elder sister.
I've got exams in a week and I need to review my lessons.But she is too noisy and I can't focus on my lessons when she's studying too.The desk is always messy，so I can't find anything.Can you help me？
（1） ______
A
It isn't impossible but you DO have to get started NOW.Make a study plan and follow the study time for each subject.Make a plan for this week and then do the same for the weeks ahead.It's better to study for an hour or so a day than just once a week，all day.Your brain needs time to remember the information.

My problem is time—or lack（缺乏）of it!Next month I've got 3 exams in three weeks.How can I possibly study for all of them？It's too hard for me.I think it's impossible to finish all the things.Can you help me？
（2） ______
B
Your problem isn't silly at all!It's very common and lots of people experience the same thing as you.You can join a study group to study together.Take turns to give presentations（展示）and teach others what you know.It's called"peer teaching"and it is a good way to improve yourself.

My problem is silly and a bit embarrassing（令人尴尬的）.I just find it hard to study.I always stop and start，sometimes I think I'm learning the wrong things.I don't know what to do.I don't think you can really help me.
（3） ______
C
Why don't you discuss with your sister so that you can use the desk a different times？Or maybe you can study at the local library or cultural centre for a few days this week.Put your own things in your drawer，and ask your sister to do so
It can help you find your things easily.

(1)
(2)
(3)
O
Alice and Betty were best friends.They had known each other since Betty moved here in the 2nd grade.They hung out almost every day after school.
They were very different people.Alice did great with her schoolwork，read quietly and took ballet classes.Betty，on the other hand，would rather play soccer，chat with other kids at school and hardly sat still for long enough to finish reading a book.Often，Alice and Betty would play together at the park across the street.They'd play on the sports equipment or play soccer.Sometimes they could not agree on what to do."Come on，let's play on the equipment.We've played soccer for the last three days!"Alice said."I love playing soccer.I don't want to play on the equipment."Betty replied."We always do what you want to do，Betty，it's my turn to choose."Alice was getting frustrated."Fine，go to play on the equipment by yourself，I'm playing soccer!"Betty shouted.Alice left angrily.
When she got home，Alice realized she still had Betty's notebook."Well，I'm not giving it back today.I'm too mad at her."Alice thought.The next day at school，their teacher asked for their notebooks.Betty didn't have hers and their teacher Mrs.Stone was angry with her.Betty looked sad and walked quietly back to her desk.
Alice knew she should tell Mrs.Stone that she had the notebook，but she was still mad at Betty.When it was time for lunch，Alice came back to talk with Mrs.Stone."Mrs.Stone，I have Betty's notebook.I should have said something earlier，but we had a problem yesterday，and I'm still mad at her.Could you help us solve our problem？"Alice asked.
"Thank you for being honest，Alice.I'm sure Betty will be happy that you give me her notebook.I'm glad you asked for help in solving the problem."
After class，Mrs.Stone sat and talked with the girls.Mrs.Stone helped them realize that maybe they didn't have to play together every day.They decided to just play together a couple of times a week，and take turns picking the activity.They were very happy to solve the problem.
22. What do we know about Alice and Betty？ ______
A. They had different hobbies.
B. They liked doing the same activities.
C. Betty was a quiet girl but Alice was active.
D. Both of them loved reading and playing soccer.
23. Alice was angry because ______ .
A. Betty didn't want to play soccer with her
B. Betty didn't care about her feelings
C. she couldn't find her notebook at home
D. her friend took away her notebook by mistake
24. They would probably ______ after talking with Mrs.Stone.
A. respect their parents' suggestions
B. have ballet classes together
C. play soccer together every day
D. take turns making decisions
P
When you tell the truth，your brain doesn't have to do anything out of the ordinary.But lying takes much more work.Science shows why lying can be hard on more than just your conscience（良知）.It can also impair（减弱） how well you can think.
Imagine you are late for class and you decide to lie.Now you have to come up with a reason or make a story.If your teacher asks questions，you must quickly decide how to respond.
So you say："I had to stop by the library and pick up a book."
Your teacher asks："The book I assigned（布置的）last week？"
Immediately，you must decide how to respond—and quickly.If you say yes，the teacher might ask to see the book.Or she might expect you to read from it in class.So，you have to imagine these possibilities.So you might say："No.It was a different book"In this situation，you must figure out（想出）what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart.
When you are lying，you give your brain a ton of extra work.A lot of that work is done in the prefrontal cortex（前额皮质）.It's the part of the brain in charge of working memory.And it keeps things in mind for a short while.The prefrontal cortex also plays a role in other mental skills.Some examples are planning，problem-solving and self-control.Scientists call these skills"executive function"（执行功能）.You use your executive function in many ways when you lie.You might use self control，for example.It stops you from blurting out（脱口而出）the truth.Calling on your executive function uses up a lot of brain power.There's less left over for other things.The brain is obtuse when it switches （转换）between lying and truth-telling.It also makes more mistakes.
Victoria Talwar studies lying in children and she says that there are things people can do to encourage honesty.Young people want to make others feel good，so finding ways to support their friends while still being truthful is one strategy."When people's friends are truthful with them，"she says，"it creates a culture of honesty among them."she argues，"it will build stronger friendships."She adds that it's more important to reward people for telling the truth.Telling important truths can be hard.She says sharing those truths feels good.
25. When people are lying，they have to ______
A. figure out what extra work they need to prepare
B. find enough time to decide how to respond to others
C. avoid using the executive function to tell the truth
D. imagine possible answers to keep the lie from falling apart
26. The word obtuse in Paragraph 6 probably means ______ .
A. clear B. quick C. slow D. relaxed
27. The passage is mainly about ______ .
A. how much extra work your brain can afford
B. why telling lies will steal people's brainpower
C. why telling lies is a matter of conscience
D. how a culture of honesty builds stronger friendships
Q
Think back to when you were in a classroom，maybe a maths classroom and the teacher set a difficult problem.Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted？
A：Oh no，this is too hard for me.I'm not even going to seriously try and work it out.
B：Ah，this is quite hard but I like to push myself.Even if I don't get the answer right，maybe I'll learn something in the attempt （尝试）.
Early in her career，the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them.One group reacted positively，said they loved challenge and understood that their abilities could be developed.She said they had a"growth mindset"and focused on what they could achieve in the future.But another group of children felt that their intelligence was being judged and they had failed.They had a"fixed mindset"and were unable to imagine improving.These students even looked for someone who had done worse than them to boost（提升） their self-esteem （自尊）
Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in education at the moment.For years，children have been praised for their intelligence or talent，but thus makes them vulnerable （脆弱的） to failure.They want to please by getting high grades，but they are not necessarily interested in learning for its own sake（目的）.The solution，according to Dweck，is to praise the process that children are engaged（忙于）in：making an effort，using learning strategies，persevering（坚持） and improving This way they will become mastery-oriented （interested in getting better at something） and will achieve more She thinks that keeping working hard over time is the key to outstanding achievement.
Psychologists have been testing these theories.Students were taught that if they left their comfort zone and learned something new and difficult，the neurons （神经元） in their brains would form stronger connections，making them more intelligent.These students made faster progress than a control group.In another study，some underperforming school children were exposed（接触）to growth mindset skills for a year.The results were surprising.They came top in tests，beating children from much more better schools.These children had previously （以前） felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity，but they came to see it as the key to learning.
So，back to our original question.If you answered B，well done—you already have a growth mindset.If A，don't worry，everyone can become mastery-oriented with a little effort and self-awareness.
28. A growth mindset person is the one who ______ .
A. focuses on what he has achieved at present
B. faces challenges positively to help himself grow
C. looks for someone who did worse than him
D. is unwilling to experience what he doesn't know
29. What can we learn from Professor Dweck's study？ ______
A. Praising children for their intelligence has a positive influence on learning.
B. A person with a fixed mindset can easily improve himself in his comfort zone.
C. Intelligence or talent is the key to people's outstanding achievement.
D. Guiding students to focus on learning process can help them achieve more.
30. The writer would agree that ______ .
A. testing students often can make them more intelligent
B. keeping working hard makes people vulnerable to failure
C. practicing growth mindset skills helps students get improvement
D. staying in the comfort zone is a good way to boost students' self-esteem
31. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？ ______
A. To encourage people to develop a growth mindset.
B. To explain a scientific experiment about intelligence.
C. To discuss what the true meaning of achievement is.
D. To compare the differences between growth mindset and fixed mindset.
32. 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Gardening as part of the school curriculum （课程）began in the United States in the early 1900s and school gardening has become very popular during these years.Parents and teachers say these hands-on lessons can be used to teach many subjects.
Susan Hobart is a school teacher at Lake View Elementary School in Madison.She and her students look after the school's large garden with 12 raised beds.
"Gardens are a great way to get kids outside with a purpose.With the school gardens，kids can get to see a beginning，a middle and an end to their project.If they just sat at desks，they wouldn't have this experience."Hobart said.She added that the gardens helped calm the kids and gave them a different viewpoint about soil and food.
"If we had to buy the seedlings，they'd cost＄3 each and we could never afford that，"Hobart says."But there are plenty of creative ways to find help.We found seeds and seedlings from local botanical gardens（植物园）and our communities."Each spring，the school's children plant seeds and seedlings in the garden.Over the summer，teachers and young children take care of the garden together.
Hobart says that gardens do not have to take up a large area outdoors.For schools without space for even a small garden，turning to local botanical gardens and parks can sometimes be the answer.
In the school garden，teachers can teach students how to grow food and flowers.They can also teach science，social studies and even art there."Giving kids the opportunity to move outside，get their hands dirty，and find worms，especially if their teachers are excited about it—that's important，"Hobart said.
Finley，their headmaster，supports teaching city kids about seeds and growing.He aims to"change the culture around food".He remembered how amazing it was for his students to see"a seed becomes food".
"Having a garden in a school is just as important as any other education，"Finley says."The act of gardening teaches you where our food source comes from and teaches you to have a feeling of great respect for soil.If kids have a reverence（尊敬）for soil，they have a reverence for themselves and respect for this planet …Gardening is not a hobby，it's a life skill.I see this as one of the most valuable lessons of humanity."
(1) When did gardening begin as part of school curriculum in the United States？ ______
(2) Where did the students at Lake View Elementary School find seeds and seedlings？ ______
(3) What can teachers teach in the school garden？ ______
(4) What do you think of doing gardening in your school？Why？（至少给出2个理由） ______
33. 根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
假如你是李华，你们学校一直倡导"环保生活，从我做起"，你的笔友Peter的学校也要举办相同的环保活动。请用英文写一封信，谈谈你对绿色生活的看法以及你建议他如何践行绿色生活。
提示词语：important，protect the environment，save，reuse，recycle
提示问题：•What do you think of green life？
•What do you advise Peter to do？
Dear Peter，
How is it going？
I'm writing to tell you something about green life.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.

Yours， Li Hua

34. 某英文网站正在开展以"好习惯是开启成功之门的金钥匙"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的好习惯是什么，你是如何保持这个好习惯的以及取得了哪些效果。
提示词语：a good habit，keep doing，improve，progress
提示问题：•What is your good habit？
•How do you keep your good habit？
•What have you achieved？

答案和解析

1.【答案】C
【解析】her她/她的；your你的/你们的；our我们的；their他们的。分析句子可知，此处修饰名词短语English teacher作定语，应使用形容词性物主代词；根据"He is very kind to us.他对我们很好。"可知，史密斯先生是我们的英语老师。
故选：C。
史密斯先生是我们的英语老师。他对我们很好。
掌握代词的基本用法，结合选项，根据语境，认真分析，得出答案。

2.【答案】A
【解析】A.on放在具体日期前；B.in放在年，月，季节前；C.at放在具体时间前；D.from自从。根据Sunday afternoon可知，具体某一天的下午前要用on。
故选：A。
皮特经常在周日下午去看望他的叔叔并且和他们一起共进晚餐。
掌握不同时间介词的用法是解答此题的关键。

3.【答案】B
【解析】A.什么；B.为什么；C.谁；D.如何。根据Because I want to help people live longer and healthier.（因为我想帮助人们活得更长更健康。）可知，问的是"你为什么想成为一名医生？"
故选：B。
-你为什么想成为一名医生？
-因为我想帮助人们活得更长更健康。
熟悉疑问副词的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

4.【答案】A
【解析】can能，会；may也许；need需要；must必须。根据Yes，I can可知，一般疑问句用Can开头。
故选：A。
——汤姆，你能帮我把这些书拿到教室吗？
——是的。
考查情态动词，牢记情态动词的含义和用法。

5.【答案】A
【解析】并列连词or意为"要不然，否则"，表示转折关系。并列连词but意为"但是"，表示转折关系，所连接的成分意思相反或相对。并列连词and意为"和，又"，表示并列关系，常用来连接表示对等成分的单词、短语或者句子，表示意思的顺延或增补。并列连词so表示"因此、所以"之意，常用来连接两个简单句，这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。根据前面Remember to put on your coat when you go outside.出门时记得穿上外套。是祈使句，后面you will catch a cold.你会感冒。是陈述句，应该采用祈使句+and/or+陈述句，联系前后两句，此处表示要不然，表示转折关系。
故选：A。
出门时记得穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。
考查连词辨析。掌握句型祈使句+and/or+陈述句，结合语境选择合适的答案。

6.【答案】D
【解析】interesting有趣的，形容词；more interesting更有趣的，比较级；most interesting最有趣的，最高级。
the most interesting最有趣的，最高级，最高级前常使用定冠词the。分析句子可知，此处使用结构one of +the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示"最……之一"。
故选：D。
我认为物理是最有趣的科目之一，因为我喜欢做实验。
掌握形容词最高级用法，抓住关键词，认真分析，得出答案。

7.【答案】B
【解析】根据Be quiet.可知"此刻露西正在网上上数学课"，所以用现在进行时，其构成是am/is/are +现在分词，A选项是一般现在时，B选项是现在进行时，C选项是一般将来时，D选项是现在完成时。
故选：B。
安静！露西正在网上上数学课，她必须认真听老师讲课。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合语境确定时态。

8.【答案】C
【解析】visit参观。A.动词原形；B.一般将来时；C.一般过去时；D.现在完成时。根据last Sunday（上星期天）可知时态是一般过去时。
故选：C。
-杰克，上星期天你去看电影了吗？
-不。我和我的朋友参观了故宫，我们在那里看到了很多展品。
熟悉一般过去时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

9.【答案】D
【解析】be"是"。A.一般现在时；B.一般过去时；C.一般将来时；D.现在完成时。根据for more than 5 years（5年多了）可知是现在完成时的标志。we接have+过去分词。
故选：D。
凯特是我的同学。我们已经是5年多的好朋友了。
熟悉现在完成时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

10.【答案】C
【解析】learn学习。A.一般现在时；B.一般过去时；C.一般将来时；D.现在完成时。根据句意：如果你听今天下午的演讲，你会学到更多关于健康的知识。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用will+动词原形。
故选：C。
如果你听今天下午的演讲，你会学到更多关于健康的知识。
熟悉一般将来时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

11.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查宾语从句，需遵循陈述句语序，即主语+谓语，故排除A和C。根据句意，字典已经买了，需用一般过去时。
故选：B。
-玛丽，你能告诉我你在哪里买的字典吗？
-哦，好的。我在新华书店买的。
本题考查宾语从句，熟记宾语从句的知识点，如语序时态连接词，根据语境，得出正确答案。

12.【答案】D
【解析】invite邀请。A.一般现在时；B.一般将来时被动语态；C.一般过去时；D.一般过去时被动语态。根据题干，可知主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。由last Friday可知时态是一般过去时，I接was+过去分词。
故选：D。
上周五我被朋友邀请去参加生日聚会，我们在那里玩得很开心。
熟悉一般过去时被动语态的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

13~20.【答案】D、B、C、A、C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）名词辨析。句意：布伦达是一个快乐、有艺术感的女孩，她有一个伟大的梦想——在乐队里打鼓。A.钢琴，B.小提琴，C.吉他，D.鼓，根据She knew that the sound of beating drums would really make them feel nervous.（她知道鼓声真的会让他们感到紧张。）可知她有一个伟大的梦想——在乐队里打鼓。故选D。
（2）形容词辨析。句意：布伦达是一个非常善良、有礼貌的女孩。A.幽默的，B.有礼貌的，C.自信的，D.好奇的，结合下文She always tried to find a way of practicing her drums without bothering（打扰）other people. （她总是想找到一种不打扰别人的方法来练习打鼓。）可知她是一个有礼貌的女孩。故选B。
（3）形容词辨析。句意：但这没有用，当她练习的时候，总是有人对她生气。A.有耐心的，B.满意的，C.生气的，D.高兴的，根据looking for new places to practice（寻找新的地方练习）可知练习的时候，总有人会生气。故选C。
（4）名词辨析。句意：一天，当她在看电视上的科学节目时，她听到声音不能在太空中传播，因为那里没有空气。A.声音，B.热量，C.光，D.电，结合句意和常识，可知声音不能在太空中传播。故选A。
（5）动词辨析。句意：它是一个大玻璃球，连接着一台机器，它把里面的空气都抽出来。A.吹，B.放置，C.抽取，D.发现，结合上文With the help of a lot of time，a lot of books and a lot of work，Brenda built a space bubble（气泡）. （在大量的时间、大量的书籍和大量的工作的帮助下，布伦达建造了一个太空泡泡。）可知把空气抽出来，draw out抽出，动词短语。故选C。
（6）动词短语辨析。句意：布伦达穿上自己做的太空服，进入泡泡，打开机器，然后像个野孩子一样打鼓!A.进入，B.控制，C.跟随，D.选择，结合句意，可知她进入泡泡打鼓。故选A。
（7）名词辨析。句意：最后，布伦达是一位真正的音乐宇航员，她的成就远远超出了她最初在乐队当鼓手的梦想。A.经理，B.科学家，C.发明家，D.宇航员，根据It wasn't long before Brenda—"The Musical Astronaut"—had become very famous.（不久之后，布伦达——"音乐宇航员"——变得非常有名。）可知布伦达是一位真正的音乐宇航员。故选D。
（8）动词辨析。句意：多年以后，当人们问她是如何做到这一切的，她想了一会儿说："如果那些隔壁的老人对我来说不是那么重要，我就不会费这么大的劲去寻找解决办法，这一切也就不会发生了。"A.展示，B.事关紧要，C.考虑，D.支持，根据To be good enough to play in a band，Brenda had to practice a lot，but she lived next door to a lot of old people—many of them liked living in the quiet place.She knew that the sound of beating drums would really make them feel nervous.（为了在乐队里演奏得足够好，布伦达必须大量练习，但她住在很多老人的隔壁——他们中的许多人都喜欢住在安静的地方。她知道鼓声真的会让他们感到紧张。）可知如果那些隔壁的老人不是那么重要，她就不会费这么大的劲去寻找解决办法。故选B。
本文主要讲了布伦达为了练习敲鼓而不影响邻居，制作了一个真空的气泡，被人们称为音乐宇航员。
通读全文，理解文章大意，掌握选项的含义，紧密结合上下文和句意判断空格处词义，选择正确的选项，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。

21.【答案】【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【解析】推理判断题。
（1）根据I share a bedroom and a desk with my elder sister.I've got exams in a week and I need to review my lessons.But she is too noisy and I can't focus on my lessons when she's studying too.The desk is always messy，so I can't find anything.Can you help me？（我和姐姐共用一间卧室和一张桌子。我一周后有考试，我需要复习功课。但是她太吵了，当她也在学习的时候，我不能集中精力上课。桌子总是很乱，所以我找不到任何东西。你能帮我吗？）可知说的是学习环境，结合选项，应说"你为什么不和你姐姐商量一下，这样你就可以在不同的时间使用这张桌子呢？或者这周你可以在当地的图书馆或文化中心学习几天。把你自己的东西放在抽屉里，让你的姐姐这样做，这样可以帮助你很容易找到你的东西。"故选C。
（2）根据My problem is time—or lack（缺乏）of it!Next month I've got 3 exams in three weeks.How can I possibly study for all of them？It's too hard for me.I think it's impossible to finish all the things.Can you help me？（我的问题是时间——或者说没有时间!下个月三周内我有三场考试。我怎么可能为所有科目学习呢？这对我来说太难了。我认为完成所有的事情是不可能的。你能帮我吗？）可知说的是如何准备考试，结合选项，应说"这并非不可能，但你必须现在就开始。制定学习计划，按照每门课的学习时间学习。为这周制定一个计划，然后为接下来的几周做同样的计划。最好每天学习一个小时左右，而不是一周只学习一次，一整天。你的大脑需要时间来记住这些信息。"故选A。
（3）根据My problem is silly and a bit embarrassing（令人尴尬的）.I just find it hard to study.I always stop and start，sometimes I think I'm learning the wrong things.I don't know what to do.I don't think you can really help me.（我的问题很愚蠢，而且有点尴尬。我只是觉得很难学习。我总是走走停停，有时候我觉得我学错了东西。我不知道该怎么办。我觉得你帮不了我。）可知说的是学习问题，结合选项，应说"你的问题一点也不傻!这很常见，很多人都和你有同样的经历。你可以加入一个学习小组一起学习。轮流做演讲，把你知道的教给别人。这就是所谓的"同伴教学"，这是提高自己的好方法。"故选B。
（1）我和姐姐共用一间卧室和一张桌子。我一周后有考试，我需要复习功课。但是她太吵了，当她也在学习的时候，我不能集中精力上课。桌子总是很乱，所以我找不到任何东西。你能帮我吗？——你为什么不和你姐姐商量一下，这样你就可以在不同的时间使用这张桌子呢？或者这周你可以在当地的图书馆或文化中心学习几天。把你自己的东西放在抽屉里，让你的姐姐这样做，这样可以帮助你很容易找到你的东西。
（2）我的问题是时间——或者说没有时间!下个月三周内我有三场考试。我怎么可能为所有科目学习呢？这对我来说太难了。我认为完成所有的事情是不可能的。你能帮我吗？——这并非不可能，但你必须现在就开始。制定学习计划，按照每门课的学习时间学习。为这周制定一个计划，然后为接下来的几周做同样的计划。最好每天学习一个小时左右，而不是一周只学习一次，一整天。你的大脑需要时间来记住这些信息。
（3）我的问题很愚蠢，而且有点尴尬。我只是觉得很难学习。我总是走走停停，有时候我觉得我学错了东西。我不知道该怎么办。我觉得你帮不了我。——你的问题一点也不傻!这很常见，很多人都和你有同样的经历。你可以加入一个学习小组一起学习。轮流做演讲，把你知道的教给别人。这就是所谓的"同伴教学"，这是提高自己的好方法。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。

22~24.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段They were very different people.Alice did great with her schoolwork，read quietly and took ballet classes.Betty，on the other hand，would rather play soccer，chat with other kids at school and hardly sat still for long enough to finish reading a book.（她们是完全不同的人。爱丽丝的功课做得很好，安静地阅读，还上了芭蕾舞课。另一方面，贝蒂更喜欢踢足球，在学校和其他孩子聊天，几乎不能长时间坐下来看书。）可知，我们对爱丽丝和贝蒂的了解是她们有不同的爱好。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段"Come on，let's play on the equipment.We've played soccer for the last three days!"Alice said."I love playing soccer.I don't want to play on the equipment."Betty replied."We always do what you want to do，Betty，it's my turn to choose."Alice was getting frustrated."Fine，go to play on the equipment by yourself，I'm playing soccer!"Betty shouted.Alice left angrily.（"来吧，让我们在器材上比赛。我们已经踢了三天足球了！"爱丽丝说。贝蒂回答说："我喜欢踢足球。我不想在球场上踢球。""我们总是做你想做的事，贝蒂，轮到我选择了。"爱丽丝越来越沮丧。"好吧，你自己去器械上玩吧，我在踢足球！"贝蒂喊道。爱丽丝愤怒地离开了。）可知，爱丽丝很生气，因为贝蒂不在乎自己的感受。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六段After class，Mrs.Stone sat and talked with the girls.Mrs.Stone helped them realize that maybe they didn't have to play together every day.They decided to just play together a couple of times a week，and take turns picking the activity.They were very happy to solve the problem.（下课后，斯通夫人坐下来和女孩们交谈。斯通夫人帮助她们意识到，也许她们不必每天都一起玩。她们决定每周一起玩几次，轮流选择活动。她们很乐意解决这个问题。）可知，在与斯通女士交谈后，她们可能会轮流做决定。故选D。
本文讲述了爱丽丝和贝蒂是最好的朋友，但是爱丽丝和贝蒂有不同的爱好，有次爱丽丝和贝蒂因为踢足球的问题，爱丽丝因为贝蒂不在乎自己的感受生气了，在与斯通女士交谈后，她们决定每周一起玩几次，轮流选择活动。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

25~27.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第五段In this situation，you must figure out（想出）what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart.（在这种情况下，你必须弄清楚你该说什么才能让这个谎言不被揭穿。）可知撒谎要想象一下可能的答案，以防止谎言破裂。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第六段 Calling on your executive function uses up a lot of brain power.There's less left over for other things.（调用你的执行功能会消耗大量的脑力。剩下来做其他事情的脑力就少了。）可知脑力变少，那么在撒谎和说实话之间转换会变慢。由此推测obtuse是"慢的"，slow"慢的"。故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。根据第一段It can also impair（减弱） how well you can think.（它还会影响你的思考能力。）及通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是为什么说谎会窃取人的智力。故选B。
文章主要说来撒谎很费脑力，大部分情况下我们需要说实话。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

28~31.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段One group reacted positively，said they loved challenge and understood that their abilities could be developed.She said they had a"growth mindset" and focused on what they could achieve in the future.（其中一组孩子反应积极，说他们喜欢挑战，并明白自己的能力是可以发展的。她说他们有"成长心态"，专注于未来能取得的成就。）可知有"成长心态"的人积极面对挑战，帮助自己成长。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段The solution，according to Dweck，is to praise the process that children are engaged（忙于）in：making an effort，using learning strategies，persevering（坚持 ）and improving.This way they will become mastery-oriented （interested in getting better at something） and will achieve more （Dweck认为，解决办法是赞扬孩子们参与的过程：付出努力、使用学习策略、坚持不懈、提高。通过这种方式，他们将变得专注于掌握方向，收获更多。）可知Dweck的研究表明，引导学生专注于学习过程能帮助他们收获更多。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段If you answered B，well done—you already have a growth mindset（如果你回答B，做得好——你已经有了"成长心态"），可知作者赞同的观点是"练习成长心态帮助学生提高"。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。文章介绍了"成长心态"和"固定心态"的差别和对学生的影响，最后一段中提到If you answered B，well done—you already have a growth mindset（如果你回答B，做得好——你已经有了"成长心态"），可知作者真正的意图是鼓励学生发展"成长心态"。故选A。
文章对比了"成长心态"和"固定心态"对学生的不同影响，鼓励学生发展"成长心态"。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

32.【答案】【小题1】In the early 1900s.
【小题2】From local botanical gardens and their communities.
【小题3】They can teach students how to grow food and flowers.They can also teach science，social  studies and even art there.
【小题4】I think doing gardening in my school is important.Because it teaches us where our food source comes from and teaches us to have a feeling of great respect for soil.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Gardening as part of the school curriculum （课程）began in the United States in the early 1900s and school gardening has become very popular during these years.（园艺作为学校课程的一部分始于20世纪初的美国，这些年来学校园艺变得非常流行。）可知是始于20世纪初。故填：In the early 1900s.
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段We found seeds and seedlings from local botanical gardens（植物园）and our communities.（我们从当地植物园和我们的社区找到了种子和幼苗。）可知是从当地植物园和他们的社区找到了种子和幼苗。故填：From local botanical gardens and their communities.
（3）细节理解题。根据第六段In the school garden，teachers can teach students how to grow food and flowers.They can also teach science，social studies and even art there.（在学校的花园里，老师可以教学生如何种植食物和花卉。他们也可以在那里教授科学、社会研究甚至艺术。）可知在学校的花园里，老师可以教学生如何种植食物和花卉。他们也可以在那里教授科学、社会研究甚至艺术。故填：They can teach students how to grow food and flowers.They can also teach science，social  studies and even art there.
（4）主观表达题。开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填：I think doing gardening in my school is important.Because it teaches us where our food source comes from and teaches us to have a feeling of great respect for soil.
文章介绍学校开设园艺课程的好处及重要性。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。

33.【答案】Dear Peter，
   How is it going？I'm writing to tell you something about green life.
   Green life style is very important because it can help us to protect our environment.【高分句型一】I think everyone should do something for the environment.【高分句型二】（我对绿色生活的看法）You should turn off the lights before leaving to save electricity.You can save paper by using both sides of the paper.You can recycle old books and give them to children in need.You can also establish an environmental club at school.It is a great way to help students take care of the earth and help your community.（我建议他如何践行绿色生活）
   I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
Green life style is very important because it can help us to protect our environment.绿色生活方式非常重要，因为它可以帮助我们保护环境。because 引导的原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I think everyone should do something for the environment.我认为每个人都应该为环境做点什么。I think+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。

34.【答案】Good Habits      As we all know everyone has his own habits.Good habits are important in our lives.They influence us in many ways.I think a good habit makes me better.【高分句型一】
   I used to go to bed very late and I felt tired and sleepy the next day.I couldn't pay attention to what my teachers said.Later，my mother asked me to go to bed before 10 o'clock.And little by little I have developed this habit.I will continue to keep  going to bed and getting up early.Now I feel much better.（好习惯是什么及是如何养成的）Now my learning efficiency has improved，and my academic performance has also made great progress.（得到了什么）
    From my experience，I know having good habits is so important that I will develop more good habits. 【高分句型二】And good habits will also make me better and better.
【解析】【高分句型一】
I think a good habit makes me better.我认为一个好习惯会让我变得更好。I think宾语从句。
【高分句型二】
From my experience，I know having good habits is so important that I will develop more good habits.根据我的经验，我知道养成好习惯非常重要，我会养成更多的好习惯。so...that...如此...以至于...
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。