2022-2023学年辽宁省名校联盟高三（下）2月质量检测英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省名校联盟高三（下）2月质量检测英语试卷（含解析），共18页。
2022-2023学年辽宁省名校联盟高三（下）2月质量检测英语试卷

A
May 18th is International Museum Day. Let's take a look at some of the strangest museums around the world.
Giant Shoe Museum
Located in the famous Pike Place Market of Seattle, the Giant Shoe Museum is a single exhibit wall located on the outside of the Old Seattle Paperworks store and brings a lot of business to the shop as a result. A variety of giant shoes include a size 37 shoe worn by the world's tallest man, a real clown shoe and the world's largest collection of giant shoes.
Washington Banana Museum
Ann Mitchell Lovell really loves bananas. In fact, she loves them enough to not only run the Washington Banana Museum, which features almost 4,000 items related to the world's best-selling fruit, but to also upload photos of her favorite items from the museum online so those who can't make it to the physical location can still enjoy the virtual Banana Museum.
Roswell UFO Museum
Visitors can ask as many questions as possible about the Roswell incident of 1947, and know about what was spotted in the sky that fateful night. Exhibits include information on the event, crop circles, other UFO sightings, Area 51, and so on. Regardless of your personal opinion about UFOs, there's no denying that the museum has been quite successful. Since it opened its doors in 1992, it has outgrown two different locations, and now occupies an old movie theater.
Beijing Tap Water Museum
One of the key ingredients you need to make ramen is water, so when you're done with weird (怪异的) museums in Japan, maybe you should head to China to learn more about tap water, specifically the history of the first water plant in Beijing. Here you can study over 300 items to better familiarize yourself with the 100-year-old history of tap water in China. The best thing about this museum is that any of its drinking fountains can provide you with an enduring souvenir of your trip.

1. Why was Washington Banana Museum set up?
A. Out of protection of the species.
B. To attract more people to enjoy the fruit.
C. Out of the founder's love for bananas.
D. To share more interesting photos of bananas.
2. What can visitors do at Roswell UFO Museum?
A. Share their opinions of UFO.
B. Know some details about a historic event.
C. Discuss the possibility of seeing a UFO.
D. Have a view of different shoes worldwide.
3. Anyone interested in the history of tap water can go to ______.
A. Giant Shoe Museum B. Washington Banana Museum
C. Roswell UFO Museum D. Beijing Tap Water Museum
B
Good Morning Britain (GMB) launches special "listening benches" in order to solve loneliness. EastEnders star Maisie Smith joined Susanna and Martin in the studio to talk about her involvement in a special part of the 1 Million Minutes campaign—GMB's special "listening benches" across the country.
Six special "listening benches" have been designed by six celebrities, and can be found in six cities across the UK—and they're in place to encourage people to strike up a conversation. Maisie joined the show to share why the campaign is important to her.
"I'm always very open about mental health," Maisie explained. "It doesn't matter who you are, where you're from, what you have—everyone is going through something and I just think the world would be a kinder place if everyone understood that."
"I think especially growing up in the limelight (引人注目) as a teenager, you're very judgemental of yourself when you do see comments of other people judging you. It can add to the stress of the things you re already going through. I think people do think I'm confident because I cover my nerves with a big smile and that's what I've been doing in my whole life."
Susanna asked Maisie if she had a technique for dealing with her nerves. "It depends on what it is," said Maisie. "A lot of the time—and it's going to sound really stupid—but I write a script. I write down all of the questions that I could be asked and try to come up with something so that my brain won't go blank when I'm under pressure."

4. What is the theme of "listening benches"?
A. Caring for oneself. B. Changing the world.
C. Dealing with loneliness. D. Protecting the environment.
5. Why did Maisie Smith join the studio?
A. To let people know about her life.
B. To share her feelings of the campaign.
C. To set up a model for other celebrities.
D. To ask more people to express their mind.
6. What is Maisie's attitude toward her mental health?
A. Protective. B. Private. C. Serious. D. Outspoken.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. A programme on mental health.
B. GMB interviewing celebrities.
C. Techniques for responding to nerves.
D. Preparations before being interviewed.
C
Many people try to make society change for the better. The real challenge is how to get good solutions to scale up(按比例放大) for major change. New research suggests that social change may depend on the relationship between beneficial behaviors and policies.
The research, conducted by the University of Maine, University of Vermont and Université Laval in Quebec, Canada, attempted to understand how society can accomplish major, transformative social change, particularly the kind of social change necessary to solve the growing problem of climate change.
The researchers studied a behavior that benefits groups, but does not spread without pol- icy support, such as a costly measure to relieve the effects of climate change. They created a mathematical model, which simulates(模拟) a society where agents live in groups and adopt the beneficial behavior of peers. That behavior, given the right conditions, can spread like viral, but not if the institutional costs are too high.
"Large-scale social change is not just policy or behavior, but the emergence of a new self- reinforcing (自我强化)system that combines both. This allows us to ask new questions, such as 'how would a new pattern of behavior and policy spread?' " says Laurent Hébert-Dufresne, lead author on the study.
The results showed that both behavioral change and policy change are required to achieve large-scale social change-and that they need to happen together. Though neither can get the job done on its own, policy change is especially critical. They found that sometimes the beneficial behavior can spread too far. In some cases, the spread of behavior beyond groups with supporting policy can reduce its perceived success and slow the spread of the policy, thereby limiting beneficial social change overall.
In future research, the team aims to apply these types of models to all sorts of beneficial social change, particularly the challenge of tackling climate change.

8. What factor may determine social change according to the research?
A. Beneficial behavior. B. Good policies.
C. Public awareness. D. Rules and beneficial action.
9. What is the purpose of the research?
A. To understand what social change is.
B. To figure out the way society changes.
C. To accomplish trans-formative social changes.
D. To tackle the growing problem of climate change.
10. What will the researchers do next?
A. Put theory into practice.
B. Write essays about their study.
C. Take challenges of climate change.
D. Do surveys on their research subject.
11. In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A. Travel. B. Amusement. C. Society. D. Economy.
D
The area of tropical forest destroyed in 2021 was enough to cover the entire island of Cuba, and sent more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as India does in an entire year from burning fossil fuels, according to an analysis published on Thursday.
Some 11.1 million hectares (around 43, 000 square miles) of forest was destroyed, mainly by logging (伐木)as well as fires, the analysis by the World Resources Institute's Global Forest Watch and the University of Maryland found. Some of those fires were deliberately lit to clear land and many were deteriorated by climate change.
The loss was less severe than in 2020, but deforestation (毁林)is still occurring at an alarming rate in the tropics. Of the area lost, 3.75 million hectares were primary tropical forest at the equivalent of 10 soccer fields every minute, WRI reported.
Primary tropical forests in particular are crucial for the ecological balance of the planet, providing oxygen that supports life and as biodiversity hotspots. They are also rich in stored carbon, and when these forests are logged or burned, they release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
"What's important to understand is that forests, especially tropical forests, are part of the global climate system," WRI senior fellow Frances Seymour told CNN. "So they're not mechanical carbon storage devices. They actually influence the energy transfer and the moisture content of the atmosphere in ways that affect rainfall and global circulation patterns."
"When deforestation happens, when forests are lost, it not only contributes carbon to the atmosphere, but also disrupts rainfall patterns and increases local temperatures in some ways. For example, it makes remaining forests more vulnerable to fire, and the warmer, drier conditions that come with climate change," Seymour said.

12. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "deteriorated" in paragraph 2?
A. strengthened B. expanded C. worsened D. extended
13. In which aspect are primary tropical forests especially important?
A. Promoting world economy. B. Balancing the earth's ecology.
C. Predicting severe weather. D. Providing wood resources.
14. What did Seymour talk about in the last paragraph?
A. The consequence of deforestation.
B. The cause of forests loss.
C. The methods of protecting forests.
D. The contributions of forests.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Logging causes most forests loss
B. Analysts are concerned about tropic forests loss
C. Primary tropical forests are rich in stored carbon
D. Tropical forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate
In stressful times, the art of making people laugh could help to relieve pressure. We all know that laughter is the best medicine.   (1)   It creates physical changes in your body that accelerate healing and protect you from harm. Scientists tell us that people who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger.
If you have trouble seeing the funny side of your own failures, then you might find some useful advice in the story of a friend of mine, who developed an unpleasant reaction to garlic for which his doctor prescribed (开处方) a short course of ointment (药膏) and suppositories (栓剂).
  (2)   After a few minutes, the chemist, standing at the far back of the shop, shouted at the top of her voice, "I've got your ointment, but I'll have to order your suppositories!"
Following a short yet strongly uncomfortable silence, she came forwards to the counter and said, "​​​​​​​  (3)   " "Yes, you did, " was my friend's quiet reply. I asked him how he was able to see the funny side of such an embarrassing incident and he said, "If I was standing in the shop and this had happened to someone else, it would have been funny.   (4)   "
Laughing at yourself doesn't make you a fool. It makes you strong, confident and self-assured. We all make mistakes; we all forget, trip, take wrong turns.   (5)   They cannot learn and will repeat the same mistakes, over and over again.
A.Sorry, I shouted that, didn't I?
B.Sorry, you didn't hear what I shouted, did you?
C.So it's no less funny, just because it happened to me.
D.When someone denies a mistake, they become proud.
E.He took the prescription to the drug store and waited patiently.
F.The feeling you get when you feel bad about a mistake is embarrassment.
G.There is much scientific research proving that laughter does more than cheer you up.

16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
One day, I came cross an old lady who looked worried on my way back home from running a special assignment. She stopped me on the sidewalk,   (21)   asking for directions. I gave her the right directions,   (22)   the way she needed to go. But she looked   (23)   and started to tear up, like she had been lost for a while and wasn't   (24)   with the area. And the fact was like that.
It was dark and cold, so I offered to walk with her,   (25)   her it was only a 5-minute walk. I saw her   (26)   to walk and keep up the pace, so I   (27)   down and carried her bags for her.
I   (28)   with her during the whole time, getting to know her. I found out she lived outside of the country and came here temporarily to   (29)   a sick family member. From what she said, I found she was incredibly   (30)   and kind.
When we got to her   (31)  , she cried, gave me a big hug and showed me great   (32)  for helping her. With a smile on my face, I let her know I was   (33)   she was safe. Meanwhile, I   (34)   myself being lost in an unfamiliar place. And I hoped I'd receive similar   (35)   in that situation.

21.  A. anxiously B. casually C. unexpectedly D. temporarily
22.  A. tracking B. exploring C. pointing D. quoting
23.  A. guilty B. upset C. ashamed D. amazed
24.  A. familiar B. bored C. disappointed D. satisfied
25.  A. calling B. convincing C. recognizing D. comforting
26.  A. refuse B. pretend C. hesitate D. struggle
27.  A. settled B. cast C. slowed D. calmed
28.  A. competed B. chatted C. compared D. conflicted
29.  A. take care of B. take control of
C. take advantage of D. take possession of
30.  A. mean B. professional C. creative D. sweet
31.  A. position B. office C. academy D. grocery
32.  A. progress B. impression C. gratitude D. interest
33.  A. scary B. delighted C. embarrassed D. shocked
34.  A. admitted B. denied C. imagined D. enjoyed
35.  A. confidence B. kindness C. courage D. loneliness
36. NASA is planning its first ever mission to bring dirt and rocks from Mars back to Earth, but before that historical event happens, the space agency has to figure out   (1)   (exact) how to protect our home planet from any alien microbes (微生物) that might come along.
This week, the agency is holding public meetings and looking for feedback on its plan   (2)   (land) a spacecraft carrying Martian specimens at a U.S. Air Force testing range in Utah in the early 2030s.
"Maybe this is the most important environmental   (3)   (assess) that humans have ever done," says Peter Doran, a geologist at Louisiana State University who studies life in extreme environments. Having a rock sample from Mars here on Earth would let researchers run detailed lab tests to look for evidence of   (4)   this cold, harsh, rocky world was once habitable (可居住的) or maybe even inhabited.
For researchers, this is   (5)   long-held dream. Discussion about such a mission   (6)   (go) on for decades, and it will cost billions of dollars to accomplish. Until recently, there hasn't been a lot of focus on the details of the sample return facility because   (7)   (science) didn't think it was going to happen.
NASA officials are working out a plan to safely collect the samples: A spacecraft would land on Mars and launch a container full of the previously   (8)   (collect) rock samples into orbit around the planet. Once in orbit, this container could be swallowed by another container—  (9)   a big fish eating a little fish—to keep anything that had touched Mars inside and then it would   (10)   (seal).

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 为丰富国际生的校园生活，你校即将举办一场中国民族舞蹈演出。请你给你校全体国际生写一则通知，内容包括：
1. 演出时间和地点；
2. 观看须知；
3. 演出意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
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38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was eight, my mom was very sick and very sad, and there was nothing my dad could do to cheer her up. I made her a get-well-soon card, but that didn't work either. All she said was, "There are no roses..."
I knew what she was talking about. Not long ago, we lived in a much bigger house, with a large garden full of roses, roses everywhere. Mom loved roses very much. We lived in that house all my life, then when I was six, things went very wrong. Dad's business crashed, and even though he managed to save the company, he had to fire two-thirds of his staff, and we had to sell the big house.
We moved into a smaller house in front of which the earth was dry. The minute she saw it, Mom hated it. "It will be great," Dad comforted her cheerfully. "I'll paint the house on the weekends, and you'll plant your roses!" "Yes," Mom said, forcing a smile. But we could see she was not a bit excited.
"Oh, look. Mom! The neighbor has roses!" I screamed, pointing to the garden next door with thousands of flowers. "That means you can grow roses too!" But Mom wasn't feeling well, and she didn't have the energy to start a new garden.
I sat in our new yard and stared at the neighbor's garden. My neighbor, a kind granny, was out among the roses, wearing a huge hat. She saw me and asked, "What are you doing, looking at my roses?”
"I was just looking," I replied, "They're really beautiful! My mom used to have roses. But my mom is seriously ill now, and she is very sad because she misses her roses."
"I am so sorry to hear that. But I know you are a good boy. You can pick as many as possible if the flowers can offer your mom some relief." I hugged granny for her generosity.
The next morning, when the sun rose, everything was ready. I sat on the floor in a corner of my mom's bedroom and waited for her to wake up.
注意：
1,续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mom opened her eyes and sat up slowly and laboriously.
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After that, I often assisted my neighbor with her garden.
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答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】【文大意】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了世界上最奇异的几个博物馆。

1. 根据Washington Banana Museum部分中的Ann Mitchell Lovell really loves bananas. In fact, she loves them enough to not only run the Washington Banana Museum…（安·米切尔·洛弗尔真的很喜欢香蕉。事实上，她非常爱他们，不仅经营着华盛顿香蕉博物馆……）可知，华盛顿香蕉博物馆是因为创始人Ann Mitchell Lovell很喜欢香蕉。故选C。
2. 根据Roswell UFO Museum部分中的Visitors can ask as many questions as possible about the Roswell incident of 1947, and know about what was spotted in the sky that fateful night.（游客可以尽可能多地询问有关1947年罗斯威尔事件的问题，并了解那个决定性的夜晚在天空中发现了什么。）可知，在这个博物馆，游客可以问很多关于1947年事件的问题，所以在这里有可能了解一些相关的历史。故选B。
3. 根据Beijing Tap Water Museum部分中的One of the key ingredients you need to make ramen is water, so when you're done with weird (怪异的) museums in Japan, maybe you should head to China to learn more about tap water, specifically the history of the first water plant in Beijing.（制作拉面所需的关键成分之一是水，所以当你在日本参观完怪异的博物馆时，也许你应该去中国了解更多关于自来水的信息，特别是北京第一家水厂的历史。）可知。该部分介绍的是与北京自来水相关的历史，所以对自来水历史感兴趣的游客可以去Beijing Tap Water Museum。故选D。

4~7.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了早安英国（GBM）为了解决人们孤独感等心理问题，推出了特殊的板块“倾听板凳”，得到了很多名人的支持并参与其中。

1. 根据首段中的Good Morning Britain (GMB) launches special "listening benches" in order to solve loneliness.（《早安英国》推出特殊的栏目“倾听板凳”，以解决孤独感。）可知，为解决孤独问题，早安英国设置了特殊的栏目“倾听板凳”，所以该活动的主题是“解决孤独”。故选C。
2. 根据第二段中的Maisie joined the show to share why the campaign is important to her.（Maisie参加了节目，分享了为什么活动对她很重要。）可知，Maisie参加这项活动是为了分享这项活动对她很重要，也就是说，她加入这项活动是分享自己对该项活动的感受。故选B。
3. 根据第三段内容（“我对心理健康总是非常开放，”Maisie解释说。“不管你是谁，你来自哪里，你拥有什么——每个人都在经历一些事情，我只是认为如果每个人都明白这一点，世界会变得更善良。”）可知，Maisie对自己的精神健康问题一直是很公开的，每人都有自己的经历，大家都理解这一点就很好，由此可推断，Maisie对对她的心理健康问题很坦率，直言不讳。故选D。
4. 通读全文，结合首段内容（《早安英国》推出特殊的“倾听板凳”，以解决孤独感。 EastEnders 明星Maisie Smith与Susanna和Martin一起在演播室谈论她参与100万分钟活动的特殊部分—— GMB在全国各地的特殊栏目“倾听板凳”。）可知，本文主要介绍《早安英国》推出了一个“倾听板凳”节目，帮助人们解决孤独问题，由此可知，本文主要介绍了一个关于心理健康的节目。故选A。

8~11.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是一项研究，该研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。

1. 根据第一段中的New research suggests that social change may depend on the relationship between beneficial behaviors and policies.（新的研究表明，社会变革可能取决于有益行为和政策之间的关系。）可知，社会变革取决于行为和政策之间的关系。故选D。
2. 根据第二段内容（这项由缅因州大学、佛蒙特大学和加拿大魁北克省拉瓦尔大学共同开展的研究，试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。）可知，该项研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革即弄清社会的变化。故选B。
3. 根据最后一段内容（在未来的研究中，该团队的目标是将这些类型的模型应用于各种有益的社会变革，特别是应对气候变化的挑战。）可知，该研究接下来将把理论付诸于实践。故选A。
4. 根据第二段内容（这项由缅因州大学、佛蒙特大学和加拿大魁北克省拉瓦尔大学共同开展的研究，试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。）可知，本文介绍的是一项研究，该研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。由此推断，本文出自报纸的社会部分。故选C。

12~15.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了伐木和火灾导致大面积的热带森林被毁，并分析了原始热带森林的意义和影响。

1. 根据划线词前句Some of those fires were deliberately lit to clear land（其中一些火是故意点燃来清理土地的）可知，句中在分析森林火灾的原因，结合火灾和“climate change”可知，气候变化因素会助力火灾的发生，会让情况变得更糟。与结合选项，划线词deteriorate与worsen意思相近，表示“(使)恶化，(使)更糟”。故选C。
2. 根据第四段中的Primary tropical forests in particular are crucial for the ecological balance of the planet（原始热带森林对地球的生态平衡尤其重要）可知，原始热带森林在平衡地球生态方面特别重要。故选B。
3. 根据最后一段中Seymour的话When deforestation happens...drier conditions that come with climate change（当森林砍伐发生时，森林消失，它不仅会向大气中排放碳，而且还会破坏降雨模式，在某种程度上增加当地的温度。例如，它使剩余的森林更容易受到火灾的影响，带来伴随气候变化的更温暖、更干燥的条件）可知，在最后一段中Seymour谈到森林砍伐的后果。故选A。
4. 通读全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了2021年伐木和火灾导致大面积的热带森林正以惊人的速度遭到破坏，这会给地球生态带来很大的影响。D项（热带森林正以惊人的速度遭到破坏）作为新闻报道标题概括了新闻主要内容，同时能抓住读者眼球，激发阅读兴趣，是最佳选项。故选D。

16~20.【答案】G、E、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现，能够自嘲的人会很快的从不幸中走出来。

1. 根据空后句It creates physical changes in your body that accelerate healing and protect you from harm.（它会在您的身体中产生物理变化，从而加速愈合并保护您免受伤害。）可知，大笑对人体产生的影响，由此可见，此空处应该与此处的内容相关，此处的it所指的内容与G选项（有很多科学研究证明，笑不仅仅是让你振作起来。）中的laughter一致。故选G。
2. 根据空后句After a few minutes, the chemist, standing at the far back of the shop, shouted at the top of her voice, "I've got your ointment, but I'll have to order your suppositories!（几分钟后，站在商店后面的化学家用她的声音喊道：“我有你的药膏，但我必须订购你的栓剂！”）中的“after a few minutes”可推知，空格内的内容与时间有关系，E选项（他把处方拿到药店，耐心地等待着。）的耐心等待与时间有关，符合题意。故选E。
3. 根据空后句"Yes, you did," was my friend's quiet reply.（“是的，是你做的，”是我朋友平静的回答。）可知，此空处应为提出的问题，所以选项A和选项B符合条件，A选项中的（对不起，我喊了，不是吗？）的答复人称吻合。故选A。
4. 
根据空前句If I was standing in the shop and this had happened to someone else, it would have been funny.（如果我站在店里，这发生在别人身上，那会很有趣。）可知，此处是作者朋友在如此尴尬的事情中如何看到有趣的方面，C选项（所以这同样有趣，只是因为它发生在我身上。）中陈述的内容与空前内容吻合，且两者间因果关系，逻辑通顺。故选C。
5. 根据空前句We all make mistakes; we all forget, trip, take wrong turns.（我们都会犯错误；我们都会忘记，会摔倒，走错路。）可知，我们都会犯错误，D选项（当有人否认错误时，他们会感到自豪。）中的mistake与上文中的mistake语义相关，为解题关键词，且该选项与空后的They cannot learn and will repeat the same mistakes, over and over again.（他们不会学习，会一遍又一遍地犯同样的错误。）中的人称一致，符合题意。故选D。

21~35.【答案】A、C、B、A、D、D、C、B、A、D、A、C、B、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在回家的路上遇到了一位问路的女士，她对这个区域不熟悉，作者陪同她到达了目的地。由此引发作者的感想：如果自己在不熟悉的地方迷路了，也希望收到类似的善意。

1. 句意：她在人行道上拦住我，焦急地问路。A. anxiously焦急地；B. casually随意地，偶然地；C. unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. temporarily临时地。根据上文“who looked worried”以及下文提到她的家人生病可知，她应是焦急地向作者问路。故选A。

2. 句意：我给了她正确的方向，指出了她该走的路。A. tracking追踪；B. exploring探索；C. pointing指出；D. quoting引用。根据“I gave her the right directions”可知，作者给了那位女士方向，指出了她该走的路。故选C。
3. 句意：但她看起来很沮丧，开始流泪，好像她已经迷路了一段时间，对这个地区也不熟悉。A. guilty内疚的；B. upset沮丧的；C. ashamed惭愧的；D. amazed惊奇的。根据“started to tear up”可知，那位女士看起来很沮丧。故选B。
4. 句意同上。A. familiar熟悉的；B. bored无聊的；C. disappointed失望的；D. satisfied满意的。根据“like she had been lost for a while”可知，那位女士像是已经迷路了一会儿，对这个地区也不熟悉。故选A。
5. 句意：天又黑又冷，所以我主动提出陪她走，并安慰她只有5分钟的路程。A.calling打电话；B.convincing说服；C.recognizing辨认出；D.comforting安慰。根据上文及空后“it was only a 5-minute walk”可知，那位女士很着急，但是又不熟悉路，所以此处是作者安慰她。故选D。
6. 句意：我看到她走路很吃力，也很难跟上步伐，所以我放慢了脚步，帮她拿着包。A. refuse拒绝；B. pretend假装；C. hesitate犹豫；D. struggle艰难地行进。根据语境及“keep up the pace”可知，女士很艰难地走着要跟上步伐。故选D。
7. 句意同上。A. settled解决；B. cast投射；C. slowed放慢速度；D. calmed使平静。上文提到女士努力跟上步伐，结合空后“carried her bags for her”可知，作者放慢脚步，帮她拿着包。故选C。
8. 句意：我一直在和她聊天，慢慢了解她。A. competed竞争；B. chatted聊天；C. compared比较；D. conflicted冲突。根据“getting to know her”可知，作者一路上都在和那位女士聊天，慢慢了解了她的情况。故选B。
9. 句意：我得知她住在国外，暂时来这里照顾生病的家人。A. take care of照顾；B. take control of控制；C. take advantage of利用；D. take possession of拥有。根据空后“a sick family member”可知，应是照顾生病的家人。故选A。
10. 句意：从她说的话中，我发现她非常和蔼可亲。A. mean吝啬的；B. professional职业的；C. creative有创意的；D. sweet善良的。此处和kind并列，sweet符合语境。故选D。
11. 句意：当我们走到她的目的地时，她哭了，给了我一个大大的拥抱，对我的帮助表示感激。A. position位置，地方；B. office办公室；C. academy学院；D. grocery食品杂货店。结合语境可知，作者带着那位女士到达了目的地。故选A。
12. 句意同上。A. progress进步；B. impression印象；C. gratitude感激；D. interest兴趣。根据“for helping her”可知，女士应是感激作者的帮助。故选C。
13. 句意：我脸上带着微笑，让她知道我很高兴她平安无事。A. scary可怕的；B. delighted高兴的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. shocked震惊的。根据“With a smile on my face”可知，作者很高兴她安全到达。故选B。
14. 句意：与此同时，我想象自己在一个陌生的地方迷路了。A. admitted承认；B. denied否认；C. imagined想象；D. enjoyed喜欢。根据“myself being lost in an unfamiliar place”可知，此处作者是想象自己也处于和她一样的境地。故选C。
15. 句意：我希望在那种情况下我也能得到同样的善意。A. confidence信心；B. kindness善意；C. courage勇气； D. loneliness孤单。根据上文内容可知，那位女士问路时得到了作者的帮助，所以作者希望如果自己在同样的情况下也能得到别人的善意。故选B。

36.【答案】【小题1】
exactly
【小题2】
to land
【小题3】
assessment
【小题4】
whether
【小题5】
a
【小题6】
has gone/has been going
【小题7】
scientists
【小题8】
collected
【小题9】
like
【小题10】
be sealed
【解析】1. 句意：美国宇航局正在计划其有史以来第一次将泥土和岩石从火星带回地球的任务，但在这一历史事件发生之前，航天局必须弄清楚如何保护我们的家园星球免受任何可能出现的外星微生物的侵害。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰how to protect，exact的副词为exactly。故填exactly。

2. 句意：本周，该机构正在举行公开会议，并寻求有关其计划在20世纪30年代初将载有火星标本的航天器降落在犹他州美国空军测试靶场的反馈。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰plan，plan作为动词后面常跟to do作宾语，转换为名词时，使用不定式作定语修饰，且land与plan之间为主动关系。故填to land。
3. 句意：“也许这是人类做过的最重要的环境评估，”路易斯安那州立大学研究极端环境中生命的地质学家彼得·多兰说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作表语，此空位于形容词之后，所以填名词，assess的名词为assessment且不可数。故填assessment。
4. 句意：在地球上拥有来自火星的岩石样本可以让研究人员进行详细的实验室测试，以寻找这个寒冷，严酷，岩石世界是否曾经适合居住甚至有人居住的证据。分析句子结构可知，此处填连词引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意以及下文中的or可知，此处为“是……还是……”符合句意。故填whether。
5. 句意：对于研究人员来说，这是一个长期的梦想。“dream”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且空后的long-held的第一个音节为辅音。故填a。
6. 句意：关于这样一个任务的讨论已经持续了几十年，完成它将花费数十亿美元。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词形式，结合语境以及时间状语“for decades”可知，此处表示的是动作从过去发生持续到现在，所以使用现在完成时态，或者是现在完成进行时态，表示“一直处于某种状态”，主语是单数，且与谓语动词go之间为主动关系。故填has gone/has been going。
7. 句意：直到最近，人们还没有太多关注样品返回设施的细节，因为科学家认为这不会发生。分析句子结构可知，此处填名词作主语，结合句意可知，此处表示“科学家”为scientist，因此空前无任何限定词，所以使用名词复数。故填scientists。
8. 句意：美国宇航局官员正在制定一项安全收集样本的计划：一艘航天器将降落在火星上，并将一个装满先前收集的岩石样本的容器发射到地球轨道上。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，位于所修饰词之前，只能使用分词，collect与rock samples之间为被动关系且空前的previously表示该动作已经发生，所以使用动词的-ed形式。故填collected。
9. 句意：一旦进入轨道，这个容器可以被另一个容器吞下——就像一条大鱼吃一条小鱼一样——把任何接触过火星的东西都放在里面，然后它就会被密封起来。分析句子结构可知，空后为名词短语以及eating，此处只能填介词，结合句意可知，此处表示“像……一样”，like符合句意。故填like。
10. 句意：一旦进入轨道，这个容器可以被另一个容器吞下——就像一条大鱼吃一条小鱼一样——把任何接触过火星的东西都放在里面，然后它就会被密封起来。分析句子结构可知，此空位于would之后，所以应填动词原形，且主语与seal之间的关系为被动关系。故填be sealed。

37.【答案】Notice
      In order to enrich the campus life of international students, a Chinese folk dance performance will be given in our school.
      As scheduled, the performance will start at 4:00 pm on April 22nd in the school hall, lasting one and a half hours. ①During the performance, it is demanded that all of you keep quiet and watch the performance carefully. ②Through the performance, you could not only enjoy an audio visual feast but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. In addition, many beautiful gifts with Chinese characteristics are prepared for those present. All the international students are welcome to participate on time.
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文为一篇应用文写作，要话题为你校即将举办一场中国民族舞蹈演出。请你给你校全体国际生写一则通知。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【结构布局】
引言：演出时间和地点
中心：观看须知
结尾：演出意义
【高分词汇】
①in order to为了
②as scheduled如期
③in addition另外，此外
 【高分句型】
①During the performance, it is demanded that all of you keep quiet and watch the performance carefully.（it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句）
②Through the performance, you could not only enjoy an audio visual feast but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture.（not only…but also…连接两个并列结构）
【拓展词汇】
①broaden/widen one's horizons拓宽某人的视野
②make use of/take advantage of利用
③participate in参加
【拓展句型】
①The meeting will be held in .../A lecture will be given at...会议/演讲将会在……举行。
②All the members are expected to attend it.所有成员均要出席。


38.【答案】     My mom opened her eyes and sat up slowly and laboriously. Her eyes were wide open, and so was her mouth. Color came into her cheeks as she looked around the room at the roses I had taken from the neighbor's garden. She saw me and asked, "Did you bring all these flowers here?" I nodded. She opened her arms to me just like she used to, and there were tears running down her face. "Thank you, son!" she whispered. "This is the most beautiful, magical thing anyone has ever done for me!"
     After that, I often assisted my neighbor with her garden. I picked up weeds or helped her water the flowers. We often worked side by side. We became great friends, best friends. My mom began to recover gradually when she started to help my neighbor work in the garden. And granny gave her rose cuttings for her new garden. Working in the garden made my mom healthy again. I love roses, but the most beautiful ones I've ever seen were the roses my neighbor gave me.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者八岁时妈病的很严重，而且很不开心，爸爸做什么也不能使她开心起来。作者知道妈妈不开心是因为他的爸爸破产了，原来他们家住在大房子里，后面有个花园，妈妈很喜欢在那里种玫瑰花，但如今他们住的这个房子前面的土很干，妈妈一看到这些土，就很讨厌。且妈妈身体不舒服，她没有精力开始经营一个新的花园。但作者却发现旁边的邻居种着很多玫瑰花。于是想要摘玫瑰花送给妈妈，邻居很爽快地答应了。作者摘了玫瑰花后，坐在妈妈卧室角落的地板上，等着她醒来送给她。
【段落续写】
①由第一段首句内容“妈妈睁开眼睛，吃力地慢慢坐起来。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈看到玫瑰花后很感动。
②由第二段首句内容“从那以后，我经常帮邻居整理花园。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮助邻居整理花园，且妈妈也开始在花园里帮忙，她的身体也慢慢恢复。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
妈妈睁开眼——看到玫瑰花——询问作者——作者回答——妈妈感动——作者在花园帮忙——和邻居成为好朋友——妈妈也在花园里帮忙——妈妈身体慢慢恢复
【词汇激活】
行为类
①环顾：look around/look about
②小声说：whisperer/murmur
③帮助某人：help sb./give sb. a hand
情绪类
①感谢某人：thank sb./be grateful to sb.
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①Color came into her cheeks as she looked around the room at the roses I had taken from the neighbor's garden.（as引导的时间状语从句；省略关系词的定语从句）
②My mom began to recover gradually when she started to help my neighbor work in the garden.（when引导的时间状语从句)