2022北京昌平高一（上）期末英语

这是一份2022北京昌平高一（上）期末英语，共7页。试卷主要包含了 1，5分，共15分）， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022北京昌平高一（上）期末英    语2022. 1(考试时间90分钟  满分100分)本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Those Shoes Every time I walked to school in the past, there they were in the shop window, looking at me. Those perfect, perfect    1   , with perfect, perfect design. Everyone who    2    had them, from the cheerleaders to the headmaster to the football stars. Every time I asked Grandma if I could get them, she said the    3    answer. Those words are now etched (刻) into my mind, as if with a knife. “You have to buy them with your own money,” she told me. “We don’t have    4    for wants in this family. You know that, Gabriella.” So I tried to    5    money. What I tried was dog walking. It always seemed so    6    in the movies. I picked up a Great Dane named Tiny, a Pomeranian named Snowflake, a Husky named Tulip, and a Yorkie named Flex. It didn’t go quite as planned. Tiny scared Snowflake, and she wound her leash (拴狗链) around Tulip, and in the end Flex was the only dog staying calm.    7    dog walking was hard and tiring, at least I made some money. I walked to the shop with my best friend, Winnie. When we got there, I finally    8    that I didn’t really want those shoes. I just wanted to be like everyone else! I decided to get    9    I really wanted. I named my new pet turtle Cashy, to    10    all the hard work and money it took to buy her.1. A. windowsB. shoesC. starsD. clothes2. A. matteredB. workedC. stoppedD. appeared3. A. seriousB. shortC. rightD. same4. A. roomB. energyC. timeD. reason5. A. borrowB. spendC. countD. earn6. A. specialB. popularC. easyD. different7. A. IfB. ThoughC. SinceD. Once8. A. acceptedB. rememberedC. realisedD. reported9. A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing10. A. pay offB. deal withC. stand forD. make up第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A When Zhang Tian arrived at the small country, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes. The school was much    11    (small) than he had expected, with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground    12    got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days.    13    (live) in the village was also more challenging than he had thought.B It was my first time spending Spring Festival in China    14    my host family. Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations began a week before the festival. First, the house    15    (clean) from top to bottom. Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down,    16    (happy) arrives. The character looked really cool.C The first simple 2D avatars    17    (appear) in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars    18    (have) such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats like instant messenger. When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power    19    (create) new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call    20    (they) “Andy” instead of “Anna”!第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AAstonishing Science, Fantastic Museum The Science Museum in London is one of the top ten tourist attractions in the UK, with 1.6 million visitors a year. It shows science, technology, medicine and industry in an exciting, informative and relaxing way. Here are some of its exhibitions (展览), most of which, like the museum itself, are free.Who am I? What makes you cleverer than a chimpanzee (黑猩猩)? What makes you smile? What makes you you? Find out in this fascinating exhibition. Discover what your voice sounds like as a member of the opposite sex, and watch your face change as you are aging!ColliderCome on a journey inside the world’s greatest scientific experiment ever. Deep under the border (边界) between France and Switzerland lies CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. Ten thousand men and women from around the world have created the LHC, which is discovering the secrets of our universe. Be amazed by the science, see history being made! Adult tickets are £10 and teenagers under 16 pay £7.LaunchpadThis exhibition room has over fifty interactive objects from the wonderful world of physics. At Icy Bodies you can watch carbon dioxide (CO2) turn from a solid (固体) into a gas. On the Light Table you can bounce light about with mirrors, and break it into rainbows.3D: printing the futureThis surprising exhibition shows how 3D printers are turning computer data into physical objects. Explore the future of industry and medicine — and will 3D printing change your shopping experience?Online scienceThis is a virtual part of the museum and it’s free to everyone online. Go to http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/onlinestuff/games.aspx and play fascinating games like Ouch (fighting pain!), Futurecade (can science save humanity?) and Launchball (slide, bounce and jump your way through 30 levels!).21. In “Who am I?”, you can find out_______.A. who the cleverest man is      B. what your smile brings to you   C. how to make your voice sound better             D. how your face changes as you get older22. If you want to try doing experiments in physics, which exhibition is the best for you?A. Collider.  B. Launchpad.    C. 3D: printing the future.  D. Online science.23. If you take your 7-year-old twins to the Collider, how much do you need to pay?              £10.      B. £17.    C. £24.    D. £27. B How far would you go to help a friend? Jeremy Savage and Ian Marshall had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents. On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb a mountain nearby on their own. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.  However, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come. Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very worried about the boys. They called park workers and began searching for the boys.  While waiting for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and let him lie on his jacket. As the evening grew darker and the temperature dropped, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian to be alone on such a cold windy night. Jeremy used his jacket to keep Ian warm and they rested together through the night. At sunrise, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they came across their relieved parents, who were still looking for them on the mountain. “I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian afterwards. “He saved my life. That is the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend.”24. What happened when Jeremy and Ian started the climb down?A. They lost their way.B. The weather turned bad.C. Ian fell and got injured.D. They ran out of their food.25. When the evening came, Jeremy decided to ______.A. stay with his friendB. call the park workers C. go back to the campsiteD. search for a place to rest26. What do we know from the last paragraph?A. Their parents met them at the campsite.B. Jeremy carried Ian on his back to climb down.C. Their parents helped them out of the trouble.D. Jeremy and Ian waited for four hours to be saved.27. What words can best describe Jeremy?A. Trust-worthy.  B. Honest.    C. Confident.  D. Hard-working. C Libraries around the world still hold copies of books printed hundreds of years ago. Will e-books still be used in hundreds of years’ time? Librarians are worried that digital information and digital books are already being lost. Technology is always changing, and even now, we cannot find the information typed in programs we used ten or fifteen years ago. Is digital data in danger of disappearing into a digital black hole? Amazingly, we still have copies of the first published collection of William Shakespeare 536 plays The first Folio. That’s not bad for a book that’s nearly 500 years old. The folio was published in 1623. Around 800 copies were printed and 234 known copies still can be found today. Books are quite easy to store. They hold a large amount of information in a small space. Most importantly, we don’t need any special equipment to open them. But what about the digital books stored on your computer now? Will people be able to read them in 800, 500 or even 10 years’ time?Technology moves fast. The digital books we saved on some special equipment ten or twenty years ago can’t be opened now. We can’t open them on our 21st century laptops. What about all your digital photographs? Every second, thousands of them are uploaded to social media. There is no physical copy. What will happen to them? Will they be lost in a few years’ time? Now you save them in .jpg or .tiff format (格式). In ten years’ time, there will be another form and another program to open your photos with. This new program will not be able to open your old .jpg or .tiff files. People have recognised this problem and there are now online sellers who will print physical photo albums of your Facebook posts. When a website closes down, all the information on that website is removed. It’s gone forever. It has disappeared into the “digital black hole”. Organisations have understood this problem. In 2004, the British Library in the UK started to archive (存档) websites that are important culturally and academically for future generations, just like paper-based literature. In 2010, the US Library of Congress signed an agreement with Twitter to archive public Tweets sent by Americans. They have archived all public Tweets sent since the start of Twitter in 2006. That’s 400 million Tweets every day!With all the amazing new digital technology today, we still have to rely on the centuries-old technology of printing. For now, it seems printed copies are still the safest way to store information.28. The writer mentions Shakespeare’s work to show ______.A. there are different ways to store booksB. Shakespeare has influence on printing booksC. printed books can be stored for a long timeD. the technology of printing has a long history29. Why is digital data in danger of disappearing into a digital black hole?A. There is no enough room to store digital data.B. People prefer printed copies to digital data.C. A new form of data will replace digital data. D. Digital data may not be reached in the future.30. What is the author’s attitude toward keeping the printed copies?A. Doubtful.   B. Supportive.  C. Unclear.   D. Worried. D To deal with a big environmental problem, chemists have been thinking small. Really small. Their new tiny robot has one purpose: to help clean up tiny bits of plastic (塑料的) polluting waterways across the world.Each new microrobot is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. They are magnetic (磁的) and shaped like stars. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions (化学反应) that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they catch it and start to break it down. When the lights go out, they let go and are free to be used again. In a new study, the scientists reported that these robots can either break down a piece of microplastic or hold onto it to be collected later.Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague led the project. He studies ways to build microrobots. He says: “Let’s make them do something useful.” Pumera chose to center on the problem caused by microplastics. It’s a big problem. These are tiny bits of plastic, usually no wider than the top of a pencil eraser. And they’re everywhere — from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice at the top of mountains. They’ve turned up in drinking water, both bottled and tap water. Some studies found that too many pieces of plastic end up in the world’s waters. Plastic doesn’t easily degrade (分解) or fall apart. That’s always been one of its study points.Pumera says his final goal is to make cheap and environmentally-friendly robots that can be used anywhere in the world. He thought that at first they might be most useful in plants that treat wastewater. There they can remove plastic before it reaches open water.In lab experiments, the star-shaped swimmers catch each of four different types of plastic. And after a week exposed (暴露) to light, the robots had reduced the weight of the plastics. It wasn’t much — only by 3 percent. But that was a sign they were breaking the plastic down.In fact, Pumera says they still have a long way to go. There are many types of plastics. And even these microrobots are unlikely to succeed in degrading them all.The researchers also have not yet shown how safe this system is for the environment, although Pumera says that’s their next goal. The first real-world test will be in a waste water-treatment plant.             What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Microrobots.     B. Stars.      C. Pencils.       D. Microplastics.32. Paragraph 4 is mainly about _______.A. the experiment carried out by Pumera B. the functions that the microrobot holdsC. the places where microplastics usually turn upD. the reason why Pumera invented the microrobot33. According to the passage microrobots ______.can break down plastics in the darkprove to be most useful in open waterdo no harm to the environment at presentneed further testing before they are put into use34. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To encourage people to find more solutions to pollutions.  B. To present a new way of breaking down microplastics.C. To stress the importance of protecting the water.D. To explain a serious environmental problem.                    . 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Stress Management: How to Reduce, Prevent, and Cope with Stress If you’re living with high levels of stress, you’re putting your health and happiness at risk. Stress does harm to your health. It may seem like there’s nothing you can do about stress.     35     The following stress management tips can help you do that. Get moving When you’re stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is getting up and exercising.     36    You don’t have to be an athlete or spend hours in a gym to experience the benefits. Exercise releases endorphins that make you feel good, and it can also serve as a valuable distraction from your daily worries. Connect to others There is nothing more calming than spending quality time with another human being who makes you feel safe and understood. So make it a point to connect regularly—and in person—with family and friends. Keep in mind that the people you talk to don’t have to be able to fix your stress.     37    . And try not to let worries about looking weak keep you from opening up. The people who care about you will be happy because of your trust. It will only strengthen your relationship.     38     When you’re worn out by your morning traffic, or stuck in a stressful meeting at work, you need a way to manage your stress levels right now. The fastest way to reduce stress is by taking a deep breath and using your senses — what you see, hear, taste, and touch—or through a comfortable movement. By viewing a favorite photo, smelling a specific smell, listening to a favorite piece of music, tasting sweets, or hugging a pet, for example, you can quickly relax and focus yourself. Effective stress management helps you break the hold stress has on your life, so you can be happier, healthier, and more productive. But stress management is not one-size-fits-all.     39    A. Take control of your own life.B. Learn to relieve stress in the moment.C. They simply need to be good listeners.D. But physical activity is a huge stress reliever.E. But you have a lot more control than you might think. F. That’s why it’s important to experiment and find out what works best for you.G. While it’s not easy to avoid all stress, Learning about it can help you avoid unnecessary stress. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节        （共4小题；第40, 41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Take Time It was Tuesday morning and Jake’s mother was driving him to school. As usual, they were driving down busy Fortieth Street. Jake’s mother was driving as fast as the speed limit and traffic allowed. Jake sat in the back seat, daydreaming as he looked out the window. They were passing a city park, and it flew past him quickly. “That park is blocking (阻挡) our way,” Jake’s mother said unhappily. “If I could drive right through it, we’d be at school in no time, but I have to drive all the way around it.”  The next day, as usual, Jake’s mother was driving him to school. Jake was looking out the window. Suddenly, he saw something shoot up from out of the trees. Just as quickly, it disappeared. At least, he thought he saw something, but they had speeded by so quickly that he was uncertain.  The following day, once again Jake and his mother were on their way to school. This time, Jake paid special attention as they passed the park. Tree after tree rushed by, when — there! There it was again! Jake wanted to find out what it was in the park, but his mother said he had a lot to do in the school and she was too busy to walk in the park. Jake begged his mother and she finally agreed to go and see it on the weekend! On Saturday morning, Jake and his mother finally walked into the park and down a wooded path. Approaching (接近) the middle of the park, they discovered a large and lovely water fountain(喷泉). Every so often, it would shoot a burst of water high into the air. “Mom, this is what I saw shooting up out of the park on our way to school!” Jake said excitedly.  Jake’s mother smiled happily. “What an enjoyable walk! Let’s come here more often,” she suggested. “In fact, we don’t always have to drive to school. Let’s walk to school when the weather is nice, and we can walk through this park on our way.”  “Sure!” Jake happily agreed.40. What did Jake’s mother think of the park on Tuesday morning?41. Why did Jake’s mother refuse to go to the park at first?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.The trees in the park attracted Jake on his way to school and he asked his mother to walk in the park.43. Do you think you should slow down in your life sometimes? Please share your opinions and explain. (In about 40 words)                                  第二节（20分）假设你是高一学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim正在做有关高中生最喜爱的运动的调查，写邮件向你询问你最喜欢的运动项目，请你根据以下提示给他回邮件。要点： 1. 你最喜欢的运动； 2. 你喜欢该运动的原因； 3. 做该运动时的注意事项。注意：1. 词数在100字左右； 2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua