2022北京房山高一（上）期末英语（教师版）

这是一份2022北京房山高一（上）期末英语（教师版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022北京房山高一（上）期末
英 语
本试卷共11页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the first part of my freshman year, I was fine and earned good grades. Then I became too___1___ with my work. I had so many activities that I hardly had time to relax myself. Then my___2___ began dropping. My friends left me because I no longer enjoyed being with them.
When I went to my doctor, he seemed very ___3___, even though everything physical appeared all right. When he was done, he told me that we had to talk about my ___4___, and how my behavior had changed. When I told him I was all right, he said that I didn’t show my real feelings. By then my hair was falling out in large clumps, which made me more ___5___. I felt as if I could not even leave my house.
Finally, I met with a therapist (治疗专家). She diagnosed me with an anxiety disorder. I was relieved to know what was wrong, and that thing would ___6___. I wore hats to cover my bald head. I realized that it doesn’t matter what I look like on the outside; it is my character that counts.
Things began to look up. I ___7___ worrying as much. My hair slowly grew back, so did my ___8___. I began to leave the house and interact with others. That year, I again tried hard in school, but I made sure I didn’t overload myself. I became one of the top students in my class, a goal I had never ___9___ before. It’s funny how something bad had to happen to make me realize how ____10____ life really is.
1. A. busy B. careful C. pleased D. content
2. A. money B. luck C. grades D. skills
3. A. disappointed B. worried C. excited D. moved
4. A. attitude B. school C. friends D. feelings
5. A. disappointed B. anxious C. satisfied D. relaxed
6. A. improve B. worsen C. end D. happen
7. A. disliked B. minded C. stopped D. enjoyed
8. A. desire B. ambition C. love D. confidence
9. A. achieved B. made C. missed D. predicted
10. A. bad B. good C. magical D. difficult
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The solution ___11___ the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population ___12___ (crash) by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. ___13___ (sad), human activity is the main reason ___14___ the number of monarch butterflies is falling. Nowadays, people have a greater awareness of this creature and they are working together to protect them.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mum encouraged me to try different ___15___ (kind) of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just ___16___ I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe, but I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed___17___ (find) it wasn’t so bad.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Now there are over 7, 000 charity shops in the UK. The first charity shop ___18___ (found) by Oxfam in 1947. Things in charity shops are much ___19___ (cheap) than those in street stores. People give things to charity shops for free. Most of the things have been used ___20___ they are well cleaned and repaired. So you can buy useful things with less money in charity shops.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Our Conservation & Environment Projects are ideal for people who want to help with environmental conservation efforts, and carry out fieldwork in fascinating habitats. You’ll be actively involved in conservation efforts, which includes educating local people about the importance of protecting the environment. We share the same goal: to protect our planet for years to come. So get your backpack because you’re going on an environmental travel adventure!
Our environmental and wildlife conservation projects cover an incredible range of species and environments. If you love working on projects to help the environment and animals, you can unleash your passion in different ways like:
Jungle Reforestation
Volunteers can travel to the Amazon rainforest in Peru to assist with reforestation. Volunteers must stay for at least two weeks to get the most out of this program – learn more and to sign up!
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Marine Conservation in South Africa
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South Africa Big 5 Wildlife Experience
You can visit South Africa and volunteer on a world-class wildlife reserve, where you will get up close with elephants, lions, rhinos and other amazing animals. This program starts from $795 for your first two weeks – click here to learn more and to sign up!
You’ll support and learn from professional environmentalists and scientists, as well as people from the local community. We offer safe, ethical, and sustainable wildlife and environmental conservation projects, and you’ll always be aware of the impact of your work. In addition to making a difference on an animal care program, you’ll develop important skills for working in wildlife conservation.
Adventures Await!
21. The shared goal of Conservation & Environment Projects is to __________.
A. protect our planet B. educate local people
C. experience adventures D. improve the local community
22. If you only have one week to volunteer, which project is best for you?
A. Jungle Reforestation.
B. Sri Lanka Elephant Experience.
C. Marine Conservation in South Africa.
D. South Africa Big 5 Wildlife Experience.
23. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A newspaper. B. A magazine. C. A textbook. D. A website.
24. What is the main purpose of this advertisement?
A. To present how to care for wildlife.
B. To call on people to protect wildlife.
C. To recommend volunteer programs on wildlife.
D. To explain the importance of protecting wildlife.
B
A DAY IN THE CLOUDS
The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’ re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’ m struck by their beauty. I’ m also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’ re not trying to save the animals,” he says, “Actually, we’ re trying to save ourselves.”
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
25. What’s the writer’s purpose of visiting Tibet?
A. To change our way of life and protect wildlife.
B. To observe a herd of graceful animals.
C. To save the antelope from extinction.
D. To go for a short hike from camp.
26. Which of the following measures was not taken to save the antelope?
A. Adding bridges and gates.
B. Establishing nature reserves.
C. Building new roads and railways.
D. Monitoring the antelope day and night.
27. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. It’s hard to make a living for Zhaxi by working in the reserve.
B. Our life will come to an end if we don’t live at one with nature.
C. The antelope population dropped just because their habitats became smaller.
D. The antelope population recovered so there is no threat to the Tibetan antelope.
C
CHEMICAL VS ORGANIC FARMING
Chemical pesticides (农药) and artificial fertilisers (人工化肥) have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been forbidden in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
As an alternative, some farmers have turned to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health.
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
28. What does the underlined word “digest” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Eat. B. Approach. C. Plant. D. Carry.
29. How is organic farming different from chemical farming?
A. Organic farming can meet the huge demand for food around the world.
B. Organic farming aims at growing good food and keeping soil rich and healthy.
C. Crops grown with organic farming look beautiful but have less nutrition and flavor.
D. Organic farming does harm to people and the environment and is not allowed to use.
30. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Organic farming couldn’t find its way in farming since it has low production.
B. Organic farming is better than chemical farming and could take the place of it.
C. We should stop the use of man-made chemicals in farming because of their harm.
D. It takes a long time to keep a balance between producing sufficient food and ensuring health.
D
SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY?
This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the bright side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
31. What does the author want to show by mentioning driverless cars in Paragraph 1?
A. The hot issue about new technology.
B. The danger about new technology.
C. The value about new technology.
D. The safety about new technology.
32. Which life style do the Christians living in rural America advocate?
A. Caring about luxuries.
B. Reducing the need of life.
C. Living in a remote mountain area.
D. Focusing on the interaction between people.
33. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To illustrate how it is better to use the driverless car.
B. To prove that the new technology will bring the dangers.
C. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of new technology.
D. To persuade people to stop continuing the new way of traveling.
34. What’s the author’s attitude about technological advances?
A. Objective. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Indifferent.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Find Real Friends
A lot of people would define a real friend as a treasure. ____35____ Given below are the steps to be done for us to find real friends that will stand by us through whatever comes along.
Be interested in others. Having interest in others is the first step towards making friends. We should start by having a real love for people and then taking an active interest in others.___36___ Others are often impressed that you cared enough to remember their name. And with this, they may begin to share some experience or problems with you and the friendship starts to build.___37___ Being a good listener is important in building friendships. If we are interested in what others are saying, they are typically drawn to us.
Be loyal. It is said that the main quality of a friend is his loyalty: a friend that will be with you through thick and thin. A real friend shouldn’t damage your reputation by joining in wicked gossip. ____38____
Reveal your deepest feelings. A friend should not be embarrassed to lay bare to those whom he trusted. This, of course, doesn’t mean that you should pour out all your emotions to everyone that you meet. However, we should be honest. And as you get to know and trust someone, you can gradually reveal more of your deepest feelings.
Do not expect perfection. We aren’t perfect. And even when a friendship is off to a good start, we shouldn’t expect it to be perfect. We must strive to make it an almost perfect kind of friendship. ____39____
Friends are important to our lives. Sometimes, they are our source of strength and inspiration. However, we must remember that for us to finally meet real friends, we must be a real friend too.
A. Pay attention to how you listen.
B. And to attain it, we need time and emotion.
C. Instead, he or she will loyally stand up for you.
D. Actually, a sincere interest in others attracts friendship.
E. Just like in searching for treasure, an effort should be done.
F. One way to show interest is to know their name and remember it.
G. A secret for a successful friendship includes empathy and fellow feelings for others.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分32 分）
第一节（共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its origins.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial (商业化的), with business taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
40. Why do people celebrate the harvest festival?
41. How did some traditions change over time according to the passage?
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial. The festivals should not be commercialised because commercialisation is a totally negative development.
43. What festivals do you celebrate with your family each year? Why do you celebrate them? (In about 40 words)
第二节 作文（20 分）
44. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Tom喜欢中国传统美食，请你给他写一封邮件教他做一道中国美食，内容包括：
1. 基本介绍；
2. 所需食材；
3. 制作方法。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；

参考答案
本试卷共11页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the first part of my freshman year, I was fine and earned good grades. Then I became too___1___ with my work. I had so many activities that I hardly had time to relax myself. Then my___2___ began dropping. My friends left me because I no longer enjoyed being with them.
When I went to my doctor, he seemed very ___3___, even though everything physical appeared all right. When he was done, he told me that we had to talk about my ___4___, and how my behavior had changed. When I told him I was all right, he said that I didn’t show my real feelings. By then my hair was falling out in large clumps, which made me more ___5___. I felt as if I could not even leave my house.
Finally, I met with a therapist (治疗专家). She diagnosed me with an anxiety disorder. I was relieved to know what was wrong, and that thing would ___6___. I wore hats to cover my bald head. I realized that it doesn’t matter what I look like on the outside; it is my character that counts.
Things began to look up. I ___7___ worrying as much. My hair slowly grew back, so did my ___8___. I began to leave the house and interact with others. That year, I again tried hard in school, but I made sure I didn’t overload myself. I became one of the top students in my class, a goal I had never ___9___ before. It’s funny how something bad had to happen to make me realize how ____10____ life really is.
1. A. busy B. careful C. pleased D. content
2. A. money B. luck C. grades D. skills
3. A. disappointed B. worried C. excited D. moved
4. A. attitude B. school C. friends D. feelings
5. A. disappointed B. anxious C. satisfied D. relaxed
6. A. improve B. worsen C. end D. happen
7. A. disliked B. minded C. stopped D. enjoyed
8. A. desire B. ambition C. love D. confidence
9. A. achieved B. made C. missed D. predicted
10. A. bad B. good C. magical D. difficult
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为忙碌，学习成绩下降焦虑，后来脱发。在治疗专家的治疗下，作者头发长出来后，重拾自信，努力学习成为了班级优秀的学生之一。这让作者意识到发生了一些坏事才让人意识到生活其实有多美好。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我的工作变得太忙了。A. busy忙碌的；B. careful小心的；C. pleased高兴的；D. content满足的。根据后文“I had so many activities that I hardly had time to relax myself. ”可知，因为作者有很多活动，所以作者很忙碌。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我的成绩开始下降。A. money金钱；B. luck运气；C. grades成绩；D. skills技巧。前文提到作者太忙了，有太多的活动，所以这导致作者的成绩下降。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我去看医生的时候，他看起来很担心，尽管身体上看起来一切正常。A. disappointed失望的；B. worried着急的，担心的；C. excited激动的；D. moved感动的。根据后文“When I told him I was all right, he said that I didn’t show my real feelings. ”可知，医生开始为作者感到担忧。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他结束后，他告诉我，我们必须谈谈我的感受，以及我的行为是如何改变的。A. attitude态度；B. school学校；C. friends朋友；D. feelings感受。根据后文“When I told him I was all right, he said that I didn’t show my real feelings. ”可知，医生想要和作者谈谈作者的感受。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到那时，我的头发大量地脱落，这使我更加焦虑。A. disappointed失望的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. satisfied满足的；D. relaxed放松的。由前文“By then my hair was falling out in large clumps”可知，因为作者的头发大量脱落，这让作者更加焦虑。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道出了什么问题，我松了一口气，事情会好转的。A. improve改善；B. worsen变糟糕；C. end结束；D. happen发生。根据前文“I was relieved to”可知，因为作者松了一口气，由此可知，作者的情况会好转的。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不再那么担心了。A. disliked不喜欢；B. minded介意；C. stopped停止；D. enjoyed喜欢。根据前文“Things began to look up. ”可知，因为情况开始好转，所以作者不再那么担心了。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的头发慢慢长回来了，我的自信也回来了。A. desire欲望；B. ambition野心；C. love爱；D. confidence自信。根据后文“ I began to leave the house and interact with others. ”可知，因为作者的头发长出来了，自信了，他也开始离开家和别人交流了。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我成为班里最优秀的学生之一，这是我以前从未实现过的目标。A. achieved实现；B. made制作；C. missed错过，思念；D. predicted预测。根据前文“I became one of the top students in my class”可知，成为班里最优秀的学生是作者未曾实现过的梦想；achieve one’s dream实现某人的梦想，固定搭配。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，发生了一些坏事才让我意识到生活其实有多美好。A. bad坏的；B. good好的；C. magical有魔法的；D. difficult困难的。此处需用形容词good与空前bad对应，表示发生了一些坏的事情才能意识到生活的美好。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The solution ___11___ the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population ___12___ (crash) by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. ___13___ (sad), human activity is the main reason ___14___ the number of monarch butterflies is falling. Nowadays, people have a greater awareness of this creature and they are working together to protect them.
【答案】11. to 12. has crashed
13. Sadly 14. why
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的原因。
11题详解】
考查介词。句意：黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭晓时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。the solution to…“……的答案”，固定搭配，所以空处需用介词to。故填to。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：其数量在近几年内减少了百分之九十之多。由时间状语in the last few years可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是名词population，所以此处助动词需用has。故填has crashed。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：可悲的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子，sad的副词为sadly“可悲的是”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Sadly。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语从句，所以空处需用关系副词why引导定语从句。故填why。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mum encouraged me to try different ___15___ (kind) of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just ___16___ I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe, but I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed___17___ (find) it wasn’t so bad.
【答案】15. kinds
16. when 17. to find
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者第一次吃中国臭豆腐的经历。
【15题详解】
考查名词的数和固定搭配。句意：妈妈鼓励我尝试不同种类的食物，我做到了!形容词different后需接可数名词复数，所以空处需用kinds，different kinds of…各种各样的，固定搭配。故填kinds。
【16题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：但就在我以为我可以应付所有的中国食物时，我遇到了臭豆腐，一种可怕的灰色东西，看起来和闻起来像一只烧焦的运动鞋，但我鼓足勇气咬了一口，惊讶地发现它并没有那么糟糕。根据空前后句意可知，空处需用when“当……时候”引导时间状语从句。故填when。
【17题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：同上。be amazed to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶，固定搭配。故填to find。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Now there are over 7, 000 charity shops in the UK. The first charity shop ___18___ (found) by Oxfam in 1947. Things in charity shops are much ___19___ (cheap) than those in street stores. People give things to charity shops for free. Most of the things have been used ___20___ they are well cleaned and repaired. So you can buy useful things with less money in charity shops.
【答案】18. was founded
19. cheaper
20. but
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的慈善商店的一些基本情况。
【18题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：第一家慈善商店是由Oxfam在1947年创建的。found建立，动词作谓语；由时间状语in 1947可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，因为商店被创建，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数，所以be动词需用was。故填was founded。
【19题详解】
考查比较级。句意：慈善商店里的东西比街头商店里的便宜得多。由空后than可知，空处需用形容词cheap的比较级cheaper，表示更便宜。故填cheaper。
【20题详解】
考查连词。句意：大部分东西都是用过的，但它们都很干净和修理得很好。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连词连接前后句；结合句意可知，空前后表示转折关系，所以空处需用连词but引导表示转折关系的并列句。故填but。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Our Conservation & Environment Projects are ideal for people who want to help with environmental conservation efforts, and carry out fieldwork in fascinating habitats. You’ll be actively involved in conservation efforts, which includes educating local people about the importance of protecting the environment. We share the same goal: to protect our planet for years to come. So get your backpack because you’re going on an environmental travel adventure!
Our environmental and wildlife conservation projects cover an incredible range of species and environments. If you love working on projects to help the environment and animals, you can unleash your passion in different ways like:
Jungle Reforestation
Volunteers can travel to the Amazon rainforest in Peru to assist with reforestation. Volunteers must stay for at least two weeks to get the most out of this program – learn more and to sign up!
Sri Lanka Elephant Experience
If you want to go on a tropical getaway where you can also do good, check out the Sri Lanka Elephant experience, where you’ll have the chance to work alongside a mahout to care for elephants. This program starts from two weeks at $600 – learn more here!
Marine Conservation in South Africa
Check out the marine conservation volunteer program in South Africa, where you can get up close to marine wildlife. Program fees are $525 to start for one week, and you can stay up to three months – Learn more and sign up here!
South Africa Big 5 Wildlife Experience
You can visit South Africa and volunteer on a world-class wildlife reserve, where you will get up close with elephants, lions, rhinos and other amazing animals. This program starts from $795 for your first two weeks – click here to learn more and to sign up!
You’ll support and learn from professional environmentalists and scientists, as well as people from the local community. We offer safe, ethical, and sustainable wildlife and environmental conservation projects, and you’ll always be aware of the impact of your work. In addition to making a difference on an animal care program, you’ll develop important skills for working in wildlife conservation.
Adventures Await!
21. The shared goal of Conservation & Environment Projects is to __________.
A. protect our planet B. educate local people
C. experience adventures D. improve the local community
22. If you only have one week to volunteer, which project is best for you?
A. Jungle Reforestation.
B. Sri Lanka Elephant Experience.
C. Marine Conservation in South Africa.
D. South Africa Big 5 Wildlife Experience.
23. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A newspaper. B. A magazine. C. A textbook. D. A website.
24. What is the main purpose of this advertisement?
A. To present how to care for wildlife.
B. To call on people to protect wildlife.
C. To recommend volunteer programs on wildlife.
D. To explain the importance of protecting wildlife.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇广告。文章主要介绍了一个环境保护工程为那些想要为环保做出努力的人们提供了四个保护环境和野生动植物的志愿项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We share the same goal: to protect our planet for years to come.（我们有着共同的目标：在未来的岁月中一起保护我们的地球）”可知，该项目的共同目标就是保护地球。故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。Marine Conservation in South Africa标题下的“Program fees are $525 to start for one week（项目为期一周，费用是525美元）”可推断，如果想要做一周的志愿者，可以选择Marine Conservation in South Africa。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据South Africa Big 5 Wildlife Experience标题下最后一句中的“click here to learn more and to sign up（请点击这里了解更多信息并注册）”可推断，本篇文章是一篇网络上的文章。故选D项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Our environmental and wildlife conservation projects cover an incredible range of species and environments. If you love working on projects to help the environment and animals, you can unleash your passion in different ways like:”（我们的环境和野生动物保护项目涵盖了令人难以置信的物种和环境范围。如果你喜欢从事帮助环境和动物的项目，你可以通过不同的方式释放你的热情）可知，本篇广告主要是推荐野生动物志愿者项目。故选C项。
B
A DAY IN THE CLOUDS
The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’ re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’ m struck by their beauty. I’ m also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’ re not trying to save the animals,” he says, “Actually, we’ re trying to save ourselves.”
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
25. What’s the writer’s purpose of visiting Tibet?
A. To change our way of life and protect wildlife.
B. To observe a herd of graceful animals.
C. To save the antelope from extinction.
D. To go for a short hike from camp.
26. Which of the following measures was not taken to save the antelope?
A. Adding bridges and gates.
B. Establishing nature reserves.
C. Building new roads and railways.
D. Monitoring the antelope day and night.
27. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. It’s hard to make a living for Zhaxi by working in the reserve.
B. Our life will come to an end if we don’t live at one with nature.
C. The antelope population dropped just because their habitats became smaller.
D. The antelope population recovered so there is no threat to the Tibetan antelope.
【答案】25. B 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录了去西藏观察藏羚羊的经历，并且在与导游扎西的沟通中了解到保护藏羚羊，保护自然的重要性。由此感悟：人类应与自然和谐共生。

【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’ re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.(在我们面前的平原上，勉强可以辨认出一群姿态优美的动物。这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。)”可知，作者去西藏的目的是为了观察姿态优美的动物——藏羚羊。故选B。

【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.(随着新的公路和铁路的修建，它们的栖息地变得越来越小。)”可知，新公路和铁路的修建，使藏羚羊的栖息地变少，所以C项“建立新的公路和铁路”不是为了保护藏羚羊，故选C。

【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段“In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.(在晚上，我喝着茶看星星。我想起了藏羚羊和扎西对我说的话。我们已经做了很多工作来保护野生动物，但如果我们真的想拯救地球，我们必须改变我们的生活方式。只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的地球的威胁。)”可知，从本文中我们可以推断：如果我们不与自然和谐相处，我们的生命就会结束。故选B。

C
CHEMICAL VS ORGANIC FARMING
Chemical pesticides (农药) and artificial fertilisers (人工化肥) have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been forbidden in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
As an alternative, some farmers have turned to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health.
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
28. What does the underlined word “digest” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Eat. B. Approach. C. Plant. D. Carry.
29. How is organic farming different from chemical farming?
A. Organic farming can meet the huge demand for food around the world.
B. Organic farming aims at growing good food and keeping soil rich and healthy.
C. Crops grown with organic farming look beautiful but have less nutrition and flavor.
D. Organic farming does harm to people and the environment and is not allowed to use.
30. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Organic farming couldn’t find its way in farming since it has low production.
B. Organic farming is better than chemical farming and could take the place of it.
C. We should stop the use of man-made chemicals in farming because of their harm.
D. It takes a long time to keep a balance between producing sufficient food and ensuring health.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了两种农业形式，即化学农业和有机农业，并对比了它们各自的优缺点。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them.（此外，这些化学物质可以在土壤和地下水中保留很长时间。这会影响土地里生长的农作物，进而影响到以他们为食的人类）”可知，划线部分的单词应该表达“吃”的意义。故选A项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means.（有机农业就是不使用任何化学肥料的农业。有机耕作的农民注重利用自然的方式保持土壤的肥沃和和免除病害）”可知，和化学农业相比，有机农业的目的就是不借助于化学物质种植出口感更好的事物，同时保持土壤的肥沃和健康。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.（因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，使人们餐桌上有足够的食物，同时尽可能地保持人类和环境的健康，仍然有很长的路要走）”可知，要保持充足的食物生产和健康保障之间的平衡还需要一段很长的时间。故选D项。
D
SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY?
This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the bright side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
31. What does the author want to show by mentioning driverless cars in Paragraph 1?
A. The hot issue about new technology.
B. The danger about new technology.
C. The value about new technology.
D. The safety about new technology.
32. Which life style do the Christians living in rural America advocate?
A. Caring about luxuries.
B. Reducing the need of life.
C. Living in a remote mountain area.
D. Focusing on the interaction between people.
33. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To illustrate how it is better to use the driverless car.
B. To prove that the new technology will bring the dangers.
C. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of new technology.
D. To persuade people to stop continuing the new way of traveling.
34. What’s the author’s attitude about technological advances?
A. Objective. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Indifferent.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是新技术的优点和缺点。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.（他们说，一些技术进步是不必要的，甚至可能是危险的。因此，我们应该停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。）”可知，作者在第一段中提到无人驾驶汽车想要表达的是关于新技术的热门话题。故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.（他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。）”可知，生活在美国乡村的基督徒提倡的是注重人与人之间的互动的生活方式，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.（一方面，世界上有许多不同的人群在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。）”和第三段的“On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years.（另一方面，新技术给世界各地的人们带来了很多好处。）”可知，本文的目的主要是讨论新技术的优点和缺点。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Nevertheless, I will always look on the bright side of change and accept it rather than resist it.（然而，我将始终看到变化的光明面，接受它，而不是抗拒它。）”可知，作者对技术进步的态度是积极的，故选B。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Find Real Friends
A lot of people would define a real friend as a treasure. ____35____ Given below are the steps to be done for us to find real friends that will stand by us through whatever comes along.
Be interested in others. Having interest in others is the first step towards making friends. We should start by having a real love for people and then taking an active interest in others.___36___ Others are often impressed that you cared enough to remember their name. And with this, they may begin to share some experience or problems with you and the friendship starts to build.___37___ Being a good listener is important in building friendships. If we are interested in what others are saying, they are typically drawn to us.
Be loyal. It is said that the main quality of a friend is his loyalty: a friend that will be with you through thick and thin. A real friend shouldn’t damage your reputation by joining in wicked gossip. ____38____
Reveal your deepest feelings. A friend should not be embarrassed to lay bare to those whom he trusted. This, of course, doesn’t mean that you should pour out all your emotions to everyone that you meet. However, we should be honest. And as you get to know and trust someone, you can gradually reveal more of your deepest feelings.
Do not expect perfection. We aren’t perfect. And even when a friendship is off to a good start, we shouldn’t expect it to be perfect. We must strive to make it an almost perfect kind of friendship. ____39____
Friends are important to our lives. Sometimes, they are our source of strength and inspiration. However, we must remember that for us to finally meet real friends, we must be a real friend too.
A. Pay attention to how you listen.
B. And to attain it, we need time and emotion.
C. Instead, he or she will loyally stand up for you.
D. Actually, a sincere interest in others attracts friendship.
E. Just like in searching for treasure, an effort should be done.
F. One way to show interest is to know their name and remember it.
G. A secret for a successful friendship includes empathy and fellow feelings for others.
【答案】35. E 36. F 37. A 38. C 39. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何找到真正的朋友。
【35题详解】
空格前说“A lot of people would define a real friend as a treasure.（很多人会把真正的朋友定义为一种财富。）”，E选项“Just like in searching for treasure, an effort should be done.（就像寻找宝藏一样，需要付出努力。）”中的“treasure”和前面的“treasure”一致，构成词语复现，既然需要付出努力，那接下来讲一些步骤，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【36题详解】
空格前说“Be interested in others. Having interest in others is the first step towards making friends.（对他人感兴趣。对别人感兴趣是交朋友的第一步。）”，F选项“One way to show interest is to know their name and remember it.（表现出兴趣的一种方式是知道并记住他们的名字。）”中的“show interest”和前面的“Having interest in others”相一致，是语义的重复出现，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【37题详解】
空格后说“Being a good listener is important in building friendships.（做一个好的倾听者对建立友谊很重要。）”，A选项“Pay attention to how you listen.（注意你的倾听方式。）”中的“listen”和后面的“listener”相呼应，因此A选项承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
本段主题句是“Be loyal.（要忠诚。）”，空格前说“A real friend shouldn’t damage your reputation by joining in wicked gossip.（真正的朋友不应该参与恶意的流言蜚语而损害你的声誉。）”，空格处应接着说真正的朋友会怎么做，C选项“Instead, he or she will loyally stand up for you.（相反，他或她会忠诚地支持你。）”说明了真正的朋友的做法，其中的“loyally”与主题句中的“loyal”相一致，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【39题详解】
空格前说“We must strive to make it an almost perfect kind of friendship.（我们必须努力让它成为一种近乎完美的友谊。）”，B选项“And to attain it, we need time and emotion.（要做到这一点，我们需要时间和情感。）”中的“need time and emotion”和前面的“strive”相呼应，表示因为需要时间和情感，所以要努力，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分32 分）
第一节（共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its origins.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial (商业化的), with business taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
40. Why do people celebrate the harvest festival?
41. How did some traditions change over time according to the passage?
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial. The festivals should not be commercialised because commercialisation is a totally negative development.
43. What festivals do you celebrate with your family each year? Why do you celebrate them? (In about 40 words)
【答案】40. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
41. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.
42. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial. The festivals should not be commercialised because commercialisation is a totally negative development.
Commercialisation is a somewhat positive development. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones./ The increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
43. Every year, I celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival with my family. There are many possible reasons to celebrate different festivals. One good reason is to have fun with friends and family. Another is to celebrate an event or a time of the year.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类节日重要性，多样性，以及随着时间，它的变化和意义。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.(人们庆祝是为了表达他们对未来一年量食物的感激之情)”可知，人们庆祝收获节是为了表达他们对食物的感激之情。故答案为People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能逐渐消失，其他传统可能建立)”可知，随着时间，一些传统会变得慢慢消失，新的传统会产生。故答案为With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章第四段“others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness(其他人认为花费的增加有利于经济和大众的幸福)”可知，有人认为商业化也有有利之处，所以commercialisation is a totally negative development中totally negative，意思是“完全消极的”，该表述错误。故答案为Festivals are becoming more and more commercial. The festivals should not be commercialised because commercialisation is a totally negative development. Commercialisation is a somewhat positive development. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones./ The increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
【43题详解】
开放性试题。答案为Every year, I celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival with my family. There are many possible reasons to celebrate different festivals. One good reason is to have fun with friends and family. Another is to celebrate an event or a time of the year.
第二节 作文（20 分）
44. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Tom喜欢中国传统美食，请你给他写一封邮件教他做一道中国美食，内容包括：
1. 基本介绍；
2. 所需食材；
3. 制作方法。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
【答案】Dear Tom,
Glad to hear from you. Knowing your interest in Chinese food, I am delighted to recommend you a dish, called Mapo Tofu.
Mapo Tofu is a popular type of Sichuan dish, famous for its spicy taste. It is mainly made from chilies, meat and Tofu.First, cut the tofu into pieces and put them in boiled water. Second, heat the oil and add the minced meat and stir it.Then, put in the thick broad-bean sauce, the spring onion and ginger and fry them. Next, add chilies and fry them until their color changes. Later, pour the soup, the soy sauce and the cooking wine in. Finally, put the Tofu in and braise it on gentle heat.
If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me.
Yours,
LiHua.
参考例文2
Hi, Tom,
How are you doing these days? I heard that you are very interested in traditional Chinese food. I would like to recommend you a typical and famous Chinese dish, stir-fried tomatoes and eggs.
Stir-fried tomatoes and eggs is a very common and popular dish in China. You don't need any previous cooking experience to be able to make this dish. Not only is it easy to make, it is also delicious and nutritious. Eggs provide the protein and tomatoes are rich in vitamins and minerals.What is even more amazing is that cooked tomatoes have higher nutritional value than raw ones.
Ingredients including tomatoes, eggs, cooking oil, salt and sugar should be prepared in advance. Then you can follow these steps to cook the dish. First, slice the tomatoes into small pieces. And then crack the eggs into a bowl and beat them until smooth. Second, heat the oil in a pan and add the eggs and stir them for about 30 seconds. Then set the scrambled eggs aside. Third, add the sliced tomatoes into the pan and stir them for 2 minutes. Fourth, add the scrambled eggs into the tomatoes. At last, season with salt and sugar and serve.
Try to cook this dish at home today and you might find you fall in love with cooking!
Li Hua
Dear Tom,
参考例文3
How are you doing these days? I heard that you are very interested in traditional Chinese food. I would like to recommend you a classic and popular Chinese dish, sweet and sour fish.
Sweet and sour fish is a well-known dish in China and it’s believed to be a speciality of Shandong cuisine. Jinan is said to be the origin of this wonderful dish, which then was spread to Shanxi, Henan and other places. It was very soon that sweet and sour fish became a popular among the local people and was added to their menus as a fixed and important dish to welcome honored guests.
This dish should be prepared with at least eight ingredients including fish , spring onions and seasonings such as cooking wine, salt, sugar, vinegar as well as soy sauce. The following steps can make it easy for you to cook this dish. First, clean the fish and remove its bones and organs. Second, heat the oil over a high heat and stir-fry the spring onions for about 30 seconds. Third, you need to place the fish into the wok with 2 spoons of cooking wine, and then fry it until its color changes. At last, make tasty sauce with sugar, salt, vinegar and soy sauce fried in hot oil and pour the hot and thick sauce onto the fish.
With plenty of protein, vitamins and minerals, sweet and sour fish can be nutritious for people of all ages. So it’s worth trying this recipe out and you may open up a new world of Chinese cuisine.
Yous,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友汤姆写邮件，教他做一道中国美食。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感兴趣：be interested in→show interest in
包括：include→consist of
提前：in advance→ahead of time
步骤：step→procedure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Ingredients including tomatoes, eggs, cooking oil, salt and sugar should be prepared in advance.
拓展句：Ingredients which include tomatoes, eggs, cooking oil, salt and sugar should be prepared in advance.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only is it easy to make, it is also delicious and nutritious.（运用了not only置于句首，句子使用部分倒装结构）
【高分句型2】What is even more amazing is that cooked tomatoes have higher nutritional value than raw ones.（运用了what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句）