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2022北京东城高二（上）期末英语（教师版）
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这是一份2022北京东城高二（上）期末英语（教师版），共20页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，语法填空，阅读理解，翻译句子，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022北京东城高二（上）期末
英 语
本试卷共8页，共75分，考试时长90分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在等题卡上将该项涂黑。
In a race, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves. For Frank Schutt, his personal best turned out not to be about marking the fastest ___1___ but displaying the biggest heart.
At the beginning of an urban running race, Frank was confident that he would probably have the ___2___ to qualify for the upcoming state final race. Meanwhile, another runner, Jeffery White, aiming to beat his personal record, continued to ___3___ himself hard after a fast start.
Unexpectedly, with less than 200 meters to go. Jeffery's legs cramped up (抽筋)and failed him. But his will did not. ___4___ to finish, Jeffery rose from the ground and continued on. But he'd made it only 25 meters more before going down.
Jeffery didn't want to give up. With his effort, the young runner pulled himself up and with a(n) ___5___ gait (步法), moved forward for one final push. ___6___ , before reaching the finish line, he lay on the ground again. His legs had given out.
At that moment Frank ran to him and offered a helping hand. Frank's first attempt to get Jeffery up failed, but he too refused to ___7___ . With a second pull, Jeffery was on his feet. Then with Jeffery holding Frank for ___8___ , the two completed the final 175 meters. Frank even ___9___ the injured runner crossing the finish line first.
Today, the emphasis in athletics is often put on breaking records, so it was inspiring to see for an athlete like Frank, the value of true ___10___ was still there.
1. A. team B. way C. growth D. time
2. A. passion B. potential C. motivation D. efficiency
3. A. train B. prove C. push D. behave
4. A. Convinced B. Determined C. Inspired D. Moved
5. A. unconfident B. final C. flexible D. unsteady
6. A. Unfortunately B. Actually C. Apparently D. Gradually
7. A. fight B. act C. quit D. rest
8. A. suggestion B. support C. ability D. comfort
9. A. secured B. caught C. observed D. left
10. A. friendship B. championship C. sportsmanship D. membership
二、语法填空（共9小厦；每小量1分，共9分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Giant Panda National Park, ___11___ is located in Central China, stretches across Sichuan, Ningxia, and Shaanxi provinces. The national park is in development and will include 67 existing panda reserves. The giant panda is the symbol of China and one of the most ___12___ (adore)creatures across the globe. This national park features a population of 1,864 giant pandas and accounts for 80% of the Chinese giant panda population. Apart ___13___ the small number of pandas located in zoos around the world, all other giant pandas are found within China.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Body language is a type of nonverbal communication in which physical behaviors are used to express the information. The interpretations may vary from country to country, or culture to culture. ___14___ （learn）how to read body language is necessary for you because it ___15___ （reveal）what a person is really feeling or thinking. For instance, people often blink (眨眼)more rapidly when they are feeling ___16___ （depress）or uncomfortable. When the mouth is slightly turned up, it might mean that the person is feeling happy or optimistic.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
To provide convenience and speed, robots are used to make coffee in airports to give customers an opportunity to place orders ___17___ (remote)—via an app. Passengers only need to select a drink from the screen menu on an automatic device and customize (定制) it to individual ___18___ (prefer). This kind of operation is easy to accomplish from any spot—e.g., while you are still at the arrival gate or at the entrance. And it is believed ___19___ employing a smart machine instead of a human has many benefits.
三、阅读理解（共三节，37分）
第一节（共9小题；每小题2分，共18分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In 2020, Oliver Wallace’s parents entered him in a national speech contest. The contest was held by Think Kindness. It’s an organization that aims to inspire acts of kindness in schools and communities. Oliver wrote a speech and recorded a video for the contest. In his speech. Oliver focused on the idea that kindness is easy. “It can be free and it can make someone's day a whole lot better,” he said.
After winning the contest. Oliver put his speech into action. He created the Race to Kindness, a series of events spreading kindness around the world. For his efforts, the fifth-grader was awarded one of America’s top 2021 youth volunteers.
One of his events is called the Race to 500 Toys. Being in the hospital is difficult for kids. So Oliver started the toy drive for children in a hospital near his home. “I knew that I could help,” said Oliver, “and that made me want to.” With his prize money from the contest and the support from community, Oliver was able to donate 619 toys to the local children's hospital.
Now Oliver is busy with his new project, the Race to 100,000 Meals. “I was seeing so many people that didn't have access to food,” he said. “Or they were waiting in long lines to get small meals.” So far, the event has collected more than 100,000 meals for families in Texas.
Organizing a donation drive is one way to practice kindness. But small, well-thought-out acts are just as important. “It can start off with a positive thought or being kind to someone,” said Oliver. His speech offered suggestions. They included leaving a nice note for a neighbor or asking your parents how you can help them at home.
“If you treat someone with a little kindness,” Oliver said, “it can make you feel better knowing that someone else feels better.”
20. Why did Oliver start the Race to Kindness?
A. To advocate kind actions B. To participate in a contest.
C. To serve voluntary organizations. D. To raise money for Think Kindness.
21. With the prize money he got from the speech contest, Oliver___________.
A. made videos for the contest B. donated meals for poor families
C. awarded prizes to young volunteers D. bought toys for the children in hospital
22. What can we learn from Oliver’s story?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Think twice before acting.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. One small act can make a difference.
B
Established in 1995, Youth Farm has developed from a garden program into a youth development organization. We engage hundreds of youth in leadership development form.
Our Mission and Goals
◇We farm to grow food.
From strawberries to carrots, our youth seed, plant, grow, and harvest our food and bring it to our communities' forks
◇We farm to grow community.
We live and work in diverse neighborhoods. These neighborhoods are amazing, but also face numerous challenges related to food access and quality youth development programming. Youth farm does the best to meet the challenges.
◇We farm to grow leaders.
At Youth Farm, assisting youth in their development as leaders is the most important part of our work. We work to engage young people as problem solvers to a variety of issues, from food access to quality education. We are not growing the next generation of farmers, but youth leaders who will become amazing teachers, scientists, community organizers, politicians and so much more.
Our Programs
Growing Season Programming
The growing season is a busy time for us. Our youth take on an active role in planting and monitoring garden spaces throughout the entire season. Youth are also involved in volunteer farm work days.
School Year Programming
During the school year, youth attend farm classes, cooking classes, and gardening classes. School year programs and community involvement opportunities through food-based activities are key elements to Youth Farm’s success.
Community Events
We also involve our youth in community events such as fairs, markets, and community meals. When participating in events, youth are offered real world planning and engagement opportunities. They will be introduced to the community as leaders in the local food movement.
For more information, please visit husp://youth farm./
23. One of Youth Farm’s aims is to____________.
A. train professional farmers B. create new food programs
C. develop youth’s leadership D. protect community’s environment
24. At Youth Farm, participants can____________.
A. assist farm managers B. teach in cooking classes
C. join in community activities D. design gardens for the school
25. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To advertise new farm products. B. To introduce an organization
C. To spread agricultural knowledge. D. To inspire youth to serve the community.
C
The capabilities and arrival of virtual reality headsets have become mainstream and available to most people. Virtual reality has now become an extremely useful tool for education, careers, and just for fun.
VR has helped make improvement in the professions that put people in danger. For example, it enables firefighters to learn and experience things that they would only have learned if they were actually in a real fire situation. VR allows people like firefighters and even doctors to participate in a similar environment that they would be working in and make mistakes. By allowing them to make mistakes without serious consequences and learn from those mistakes, a trainee can more quickly catch up in their field.
Many schools have also started to use VR to help young kids with their learning. For example, for language learners, the practice is very helpful in the process of learning. With VR. students who are learning Chinese can visit historical locations like Pingyao or Qufu in a virtual world and he immersed in Chinese culture. They would quickly pick up the language. And they will be more likely to remember and make a connection with what they learned by visiting the places as opposed to just simply reading about those places in textbook.
Not only does VR help people train and practice for professional careers but it can also help people psychologically. For instance, if someone feels very uncomfortable or anxious when they are in small or enclosed places, VR can put them in a similar situation and slowly get the person used to being in such an environment. Or instead of practicing in front of your mom in the kitchen, you can instead practice in an environment made to look like an office and talk to either a real person that isn’t your mom or an Al that’s programmed to ask you interview questions.
Although many people use VR mostly for fun like video games. I think businesses, schools, and medical practices should make use of VR in their establishments. This is because the benefits of being immersed in an environment and being able to make mistakes, make memorable learning connections, and helping people conquer their anxieties can go a long way in helping society become better as a whole.
26. With VR, firefighters can____________.
A. practice in real situations B. draw lessons from failure
C. receive professional advice D. improve working environment
27. What does the underlined word “immersed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Completely involved B. Deeply attracted C. Greatly inspired. D. Totally adjusted.
28. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The future of virtual reality B. The benefits of virtual reality.
C. The popularity of virtual reality. D. The development of virtual reality.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Watching wildlife safely is the responsibility of all park visitors. When you visit some national parks, you are entering animals' habitat. ___29___ If not, wildlife may face the following serious risks when you get close enough to interact with them:
Consequences of Physical Contact with People
Some animals, from bison to birds. may be rejected by their parents if they have contact with humans. ___30___ In addition, wildlife can get injured when they try to escape people who have gotten too close, especially if they are near human structures or roads.
Fatal Diseases from People and Pets
Our domestic pets can also pose real dangers to the wildlife within parks. Both pets and people may have diseases that they can give to wildlife. Sadly, there are many examples of wildlife in parks dying from diseases given to them by pets and humans. For example, heartworm from cats can kill wildlife such as foxes, coyotes, bobcats, and mountain lions. Black-footed ferrets die from the flu if humans are sick and get too close. ___31___ So keeping your pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.
Dangers of Eating Human Food and/or Trash（垃圾）
When visitors intentionally or unintentionally feed wildlife, it has negative effects on the wildlife. Some of the dangers to wildlife include shorter lives. The best way for wildlife to have a healthy diet and live healthy lives is to search for food as they would naturally. Relying on human food or trash left out puts wildlife at risk.
___32___ Animals becoming used to and attracted to human food will actively seek out human food. This in the worst cases can make them dangerous. Ground squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers（鹿角）, and bears can get into cars or tents in search of food. ___33___ It means they may be killed by park managers for safety reasons.
It's important to understand how your actions may affect the wildlife in parks. When you respect wildlife, you help protect park animals and yourself.
A. These animals must be removed.
B. You need to behave like a polite guest.
C Wolves can be infected by virus from dogs.
D. So it's best to resist the urge to pet and hold them.
E. Actually, some of them may behave in a strange way.
F. Observing wildlife in their native habitat can be an educational and fun experience.
G. Learning to eat human food can also change the way that wildlife interact with people.
第三节（共4小题；第34、35、36题每小题2分，第37题3分，共9分）
阅读下面短文并回答问题。
When Audrey Kelly, a fifth-year PhD student, isn't doing experiment, she loves making bread. She sometimes feels ashamed about that. “If you are not working yourself to the bone and crying yourself to sleep every night." she asks, "are you working hard enough?"
But evidence suggests that hobbies such as Kelly's satisfy more than just the stomach. Research has linked participation in leisure activities to many measures of physical and mental well-being, from reduced blood pressure to a sense of belonging. We need to see hobbies and work as win-win games.
Carving out free time can be challenging, but there are strategies for success. Jingmei Li, a cancer researcher from Singapore, uses most of her holiday time for driving trips. Jennifer Hertzberg, a psychologist at the University of California, tries to keep the weekends free for her hobby, building Legos.
Many scientists like them have found that hobbies offer them a break from the stress of doing science. Everyone—including scientists—can get stuck in ways of thinking that prevent them from finding a solution to a problem, no matter how hard they work. Evidence suggests that taking a break or doing something different can help improve problem-solving, by revealing a new approach or an overlooked detail. And when scientists are stuck at work, hobbies can provide a sense of accomplishment. Jennifer thinks what she likes most about Lego blocks is that she can complete them in a relatively short amount of time while she labours on long-term scientific projects.
Pastimes also lead to inspiration. When astronomers first caught a glimpse of the Moon through a telescope, Galileo quickly realized that the shadows on its face indicated that its surface was rough and mountainous- not smooth. That's because Galileo liked painting. and had learnt how to represent 3D objects on a flat canvas（画布）.
Due to the benefits of hobbies, they should be valued in the culture of science. Success in science and having a life don't conflict. Scientists' contribution depends more on the quality—not the quantity—of their work. And really, that is a way of living that is focused on creativity and innovation and not on just producing more.
34. What makes Audrey Kelly feel ashamed?
35. Why does Jennifer like building Legos?
36. Why does the author mention Galileo's story in Paragraph 5?
37. Do you think that hobbies benefit your study? Why or why no!?（In about 40 words）
四、翻译句子（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分）
请使用括号中所给的单词或词组的适当形式，将下面的句子翻译成英文，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
38. 他坚持要去拜访他的教授。（insist on）（汉译英）
39. 和他们保持联系对你来说很重要。（keep in touch with）（汉译英）
40. 明天这个时候，我们正在公园里骑自行车。（cycle）（汉译英）
41. 他建议明年雇用更多的工人。（suggest；employ）（汉译英）
42. 他们是如何克服这个问题的还不得而知。（overcome；unknown）（汉译英）
43. 袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，他一生致力于农业。（devote）（汉译英）
五、书面表达（10分）
44. 假设你是红星中学的李华。请根据你的英国笔友Jim的邮件给他回信。
Dear Li Hua
I have read a lot of stories about people of achievement recently. I am really impressed by them. Speaking of people of achievement, who is the person you admire most? I want to know why you admire him/her most? How does he/she influence you?
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Jim
注意：1. 词数100字左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
本试卷共8页，共75分，考试时长90分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在等题卡上将该项涂黑。
In a race, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves. For Frank Schutt, his personal best turned out not to be about marking the fastest ___1___ but displaying the biggest heart.
At the beginning of an urban running race, Frank was confident that he would probably have the ___2___ to qualify for the upcoming state final race. Meanwhile, another runner, Jeffery White, aiming to beat his personal record, continued to ___3___ himself hard after a fast start.
Unexpectedly, with less than 200 meters to go. Jeffery's legs cramped up (抽筋)and failed him. But his will did not. ___4___ to finish, Jeffery rose from the ground and continued on. But he'd made it only 25 meters more before going down.
Jeffery didn't want to give up. With his effort, the young runner pulled himself up and with a(n) ___5___ gait (步法), moved forward for one final push. ___6___ , before reaching the finish line, he lay on the ground again. His legs had given out.
At that moment, Frank ran to him and offered a helping hand. Frank's first attempt to get Jeffery up failed, but he too refused to ___7___ . With a second pull, Jeffery was on his feet. Then with Jeffery holding Frank for ___8___ , the two completed the final 175 meters. Frank even ___9___ the injured runner crossing the finish line first.
Today, the emphasis in athletics is often put on breaking records, so it was inspiring to see for an athlete like Frank, the value of true ___10___ was still there.
1. A. team B. way C. growth D. time
2. A. passion B. potential C. motivation D. efficiency
3. A. train B. prove C. push D. behave
4. A. Convinced B. Determined C. Inspired D. Moved
5. A. unconfident B. final C. flexible D. unsteady
6 A. Unfortunately B. Actually C. Apparently D. Gradually
7. A. fight B. act C. quit D. rest
8 A. suggestion B. support C. ability D. comfort
9. A. secured B. caught C. observed D. left
10. A. friendship B. championship C. sportsmanship D. membership
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了跑步运动员Jeffery White在赛场上两次摔倒，另一个运动员Frank Schutt经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Frank Schutt这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于 Frank Schutt来说，他的个人最好成绩不是记录最快的时间，而是展现最伟大的心。A. team队伍；B. way道路；C. growth成长；D. time时间。根据文章第一句和第二段“At the beginning of an urban running race”可知，Frank Schutt是一位跑步运动员，衡量成绩的标准是时间。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一场城市赛跑的开始，Frank很有信心，他很可能有资格参加即将到来的州决赛。A. passion激情，热情；B. potential可能性，潜能；C. motivation动力；D. efficiency效率。根据空前“Frank was confident ”可知，因为Frank很自信，由此可知，他觉得自己有可能参加即将到来的州决赛。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，另一名选手Jeffery White在快速起跑后继续努力，希望打破自己的个人纪录。A. train训练；B. prove证明；C. push鞭策；D. behave表现。根据前文“aiming to beat his personal record”可知，因为希望打破自己，所以Jeffery White努力鞭策自己继续努力。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jeffery决心完成，他从地上站起来，继续前进。A. Convinced说服的；B. Determined有决心的；C. Inspired受到启发的；D. Moved感动的。根据空后“Jeffery rose from the ground and continued on.”可知，因为决心要完成比赛，所以Jeffery从地上站起来，继续比赛。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的努力下，年轻的跑步者站了起来，步履不稳，向前推进了最后一步。 A. unconfident不自信的；B. final最后的；C. flexible灵活的；D. unsteady不稳定的。由前文“ Jeffery's legs cramped up (抽筋)and failed him.”可知，因为Jeffery的脚抽筋，所以他步履不稳。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在到达终点线之前，他又躺在了地上。A. Unfortunately不幸的是；B. Actually实际上；C. Apparently明显地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据空后“he lay on the ground again”可知，因为Jeffery又摔倒了，所以这对他来说是不幸的。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Frank第一次把 Jeffery拉起来的尝试失败了，但他拒绝放弃。 A. fight打架；B. act表现；C. quit放弃；D. rest休息。根据“Frank's first attempt to get Jeffery up failed”可知，Frank第一次把 Jeffery拉起来的尝试失败了，但他拒绝放弃。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在Jeffery扶着Frank获得支持，两人跑完了最后175米。A. suggestion建议；B. support支持；C. ability能力；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“the two completed the final 175 meters. ”可知，在Frank的支持下，两人跑完了最后175米。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Frank甚至帮助受伤的赛跑者安全地第一个冲过终点线。A. secured使安全；B. caught抓住；C. observed观察；D. left离开。根据后文“the injured runner”可知，因为是受伤的赛跑者，所以此处指确保其安全地冲过终点线。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，田径运动的重点往往是打破纪录，所以看到像Frank这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，是令人鼓舞的。 A. friendship友谊；B. championship锦标赛；C. sportsmanship体育精神；D. membership会员资格。根据前文Frank帮助Jeffery一起冲刺跑完最后175米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选C。
二、语法填空（共9小厦；每小量1分，共9分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Giant Panda National Park, ___11___ is located in Central China, stretches across Sichuan, Ningxia, and Shaanxi provinces. The national park is in development and will include 67 existing panda reserves. The giant panda is the symbol of China and one of the most ___12___ (adore)creatures across the globe. This national park features a population of 1,864 giant pandas and accounts for 80% of the Chinese giant panda population. Apart ___13___ the small number of pandas located in zoos around the world, all other giant pandas are found within China.
【答案】11. which
12. adorable
13. from
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫国家公园。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大熊猫国家公园位于中国中部，横跨四川、宁夏和陕西省。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Giant Panda National Park，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：大熊猫是中国的象征，也是世界上最可爱的动物之一。one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，adore的形容词为adorable“可爱的”。故填adorable。
【13题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：除了为数不多的大熊猫在世界各地的动物园里，其他的大熊猫都在中国境内。apart from…除了……，固定短语，符合题意。故填from。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Body language is a type of nonverbal communication in which physical behaviors are used to express the information. The interpretations may vary from country to country, or culture to culture. ___14___ （learn）how to read body language is necessary for you because it ___15___ （reveal）what a person is really feeling or thinking. For instance, people often blink (眨眼)more rapidly when they are feeling ___16___ （depress）or uncomfortable. When the mouth is slightly turned up, it might mean that the person is feeling happy or optimistic.
【答案】14. Learning
15. reveals
16. depressed
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言的重要性。
【14题详解】
考查动名词。句意：学习如何读懂肢体语言对你来说是必要的，因为它能揭示一个人真正的感受或想法。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作主语；结合句意可知，空处需用动名词作主语，表示状态，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Learning。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。结合句意和空前后动词is可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，it 作主语，谓语动词需用单数。故填reveals。
16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，当人们感到沮丧或不舒服时，通常眨眼更快。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作表语，主语是they，指人，所以空处需用ed形容词作表语。故填depressed。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
To provide convenience and speed, robots are used to make coffee in airports to give customers an opportunity to place orders ___17___ (remote)—via an app. Passengers only need to select a drink from the screen menu on an automatic device and customize (定制) it to individual ___18___ (prefer). This kind of operation is easy to accomplish from any spot—e.g., while you are still at the arrival gate or at the entrance. And it is believed ___19___ employing a smart machine instead of a human has many benefits.
【答案】17. remotely
18. preference
19. that
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能机器给人们带来便捷之处。
【17题详解】
考查副词。句意：为了提供便利和速度，机器人被用来在机场煮咖啡，让顾客有机会通过应用程序远程下单。修饰动词place，用副词形式作状语。故填remotely。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：乘客只需要从自动装置的屏幕菜单中选择一杯饮料，然后根据个人喜好定制。形容词individual后接名词形式。故填preference。
【19题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：人们认为，使用智能机器代替人类有很多好处。it is believed that...人们相信……，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。故填that。
三、阅读理解（共三节，37分）
第一节（共9小题；每小题2分，共18分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In 2020, Oliver Wallace’s parents entered him in a national speech contest. The contest was held by Think Kindness. It’s an organization that aims to inspire acts of kindness in schools and communities. Oliver wrote a speech and recorded a video for the contest. In his speech. Oliver focused on the idea that kindness is easy. “It can be free and it can make someone's day a whole lot better,” he said.
After winning the contest. Oliver put his speech into action. He created the Race to Kindness a series of events spreading kindness around the world. For his efforts, the fifth-grader was awarded one of America’s top 2021 youth volunteers.
One of his events is called the Race to 500 Toys. Being in the hospital is difficult for kids. So Oliver started the toy drive for children in a hospital near his home. “I knew that I could help,” said Oliver, “and that made me want to.” With his prize money from the contest and the support from community, Oliver was able to donate 619 toys to the local children's hospital.
Now Oliver is busy with his new project, the Race to 100,000 Meals. “I was seeing so many people that didn't have access to food,” he said. “Or they were waiting in long lines to get small meals.” So far, the event has collected more than 100,000 meals for families in Texas.
Organizing a donation drive is one way to practice kindness. But small, well-thought-out acts are just as important. “It can start off with a positive thought or being kind to someone,” said Oliver. His speech offered suggestions. They included leaving a nice note for a neighbor or asking your parents how you can help them at home.
“If you treat someone with a little kindness,” Oliver said, “it can make you feel better knowing that someone else feels better.”
20. Why did Oliver start the Race to Kindness?
A. To advocate kind actions B. To participate in a contest.
C. To serve voluntary organizations. D. To raise money for Think Kindness.
21. With the prize money he got from the speech contest, Oliver___________.
A. made videos for the contest B. donated meals for poor families
C. awarded prizes to young volunteers D. bought toys for the children in hospital
22. What can we learn from Oliver’s story?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Think twice before acting.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. One small act can make a difference.
【答案】20. A 21. D 22. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了五年级学生奥利弗为传播善良，组织多场募捐活动。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He created the Race to Kindness, a series of events spreading kindness around the world.(他创立了善行竞赛，这是一系列在世界各地传播善良的活动。)”可知，奥利弗要开始慈善竞赛是为了倡导善良的行为。故选A。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With his prize money from the contest and the support from community, Oliver was able to donate 619 toys to the local children’s hospital. (在比赛的奖金和社区的支持下，奥利弗向当地儿童医院捐赠了619件玩具。)”可知，用演讲比赛的奖金，奥利弗给医院里的孩子们买了玩具。故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But small, well-thought-out acts are just as important. (但小的、经过深思熟虑的行动也同样重要。)”及全文可推断，我们能从奥利弗的故事中学到：一个小小的举动就能带来巨大影响。故选D。
B
Established in 1995, Youth Farm has developed from a garden program into a youth development organization. We engage hundreds of youth in leadership development form.
Our Mission and Goals
◇We farm to grow food.
From strawberries to carrots, our youth seed, plant, grow, and harvest our food and bring it to our communities' forks
◇We farm to grow community.
We live and work in diverse neighborhoods. These neighborhoods are amazing, but also face numerous challenges related to food access and quality youth development programming. Youth farm does the best to meet the challenges.
◇We farm to grow leaders.
At Youth Farm, assisting youth in their development as leaders is the most important part of our work. We work to engage young people as problem solvers to a variety of issues, from food access to quality education. We are not growing the next generation of farmers, but youth leaders who will become amazing teachers, scientists, community organizers, politicians and so much more.
Our Programs
Growing Season Programming
The growing season is a busy time for us. Our youth take on an active role in planting and monitoring garden spaces throughout the entire season. Youth are also involved in volunteer farm work days.
School Year Programming
During the school year, youth attend farm classes, cooking classes, and gardening classes. School year programs and community involvement opportunities through food-based activities are key elements to Youth Farm’s success.
Community Events
We also involve our youth in community events such as fairs, markets, and community meals. When participating in events, youth are offered real world planning and engagement opportunities. They will be introduced to the community as leaders in the local food movement.
For more information, please visit husp://youth farm./
23. One of Youth Farm’s aims is to____________.
A. train professional farmers B. create new food programs
C. develop youth’s leadership D. protect community’s environment
24. At Youth Farm, participants can____________.
A. assist farm managers B. teach in cooking classes
C. join in community activities D. design gardens for the school
25. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To advertise new farm products. B. To introduce an organization
C. To spread agricultural knowledge. D. To inspire youth to serve the community.
【答案】23. C 24. C 25. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青年农场的使命和目标，以及其项目。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章◇We farm to grow leaders.中的“At Youth Farm, assisting youth in their development as leaders is the most important part of our work.(在青年农场，帮助青年成长为领导者是我们工作的重中之重)”可知，青年农场的目标之一是培养青年的领导能力。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Community Events中的“We also involve our youth in community events such as fairs, markets, and community meals. When participating in events, youth are offered real world planning and engagement opportunities. (我们还让青少年参与社区活动，比如集市、市场和社区餐饮。在参与活动时，青年可以获得真实世界的规划和参与机会)”可知，在青年农场，参加者可以参加社区活动。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Established in 1995, Youth Farm has developed from a garden program into a youth development organization.( 青年农场成立于1995年，从一个园艺项目发展成为一个青年发展组织)”及全文可推断，本篇文章的主要目的是介绍青年农场这样一个组织。故选B。
C
The capabilities and arrival of virtual reality headsets have become mainstream and available to most people. Virtual reality has now become an extremely useful tool for education, careers, and just for fun.
VR has helped make improvement in the professions that put people in danger. For example, it enables firefighters to learn and experience things that they would only have learned if they were actually in a real fire situation. VR allows people like firefighters and even doctors to participate in a similar environment that they would be working in and make mistakes. By allowing them to make mistakes without serious consequences and learn from those mistakes, a trainee can more quickly catch up in their field.
Many schools have also started to use VR to help young kids with their learning. For example, for language learners, the practice is very helpful in the process of learning. With VR. students who are learning Chinese can visit historical locations like Pingyao or Qufu in a virtual world and he immersed in Chinese culture. They would quickly pick up the language. And they will be more likely to remember and make a connection with what they learned by visiting the places as opposed to just simply reading about those places in textbook.
Not only does VR help people train and practice for professional careers but it can also help people psychologically. For instance, if someone feels very uncomfortable or anxious when they are in small or enclosed places, VR can put them in a similar situation and slowly get the person used to being in such an environment. Or instead of practicing in front of your mom in the kitchen, you can instead practice in an environment made to look like an office and talk to either a real person that isn’t your mom or an Al that’s programmed to ask you interview questions.
Although many people use VR mostly for fun like video games. I think businesses, schools, and medical practices should make use of VR in their establishments. This is because the benefits of being immersed in an environment and being able to make mistakes, make memorable learning connections, and helping people conquer their anxieties can go a long way in helping society become better as a whole.
26. With VR, firefighters can____________.
A. practice in real situations B. draw lessons from failure
C. receive professional advice D. improve working environment
27. What does the underlined word “immersed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Completely involved B. Deeply attracted C. Greatly inspired. D. Totally adjusted.
28. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The future of virtual reality B. The benefits of virtual reality.
C. The popularity of virtual reality. D. The development of virtual reality.
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术的好处。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ VR allows people like firefighters and even doctors to participate in a similar environment that they would be working in and make mistakes. By allowing them to make mistakes without serious consequences and learn from those mistakes, a trainee can more quickly catch up in their field.(虚拟现实可以让消防员甚至医生等人参与到一个类似的环境中，他们会在这个环境中工作并犯错。通过允许消防员在没有严重后果的情况下犯错误，并从错误中吸取教训，他们可以更快地在自己的领域取得进步)”可知，有了虚拟现实，消防员可以从失败中吸取教训。故选B。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前半句“With VR. students who are learning Chinese can visit historical locations like Pingyao or Qufu in a virtual world (学习汉语的学生可以在虚拟世界里参观平遥、曲阜等历史景点)”可知，学习汉语的学生可以通过虚拟现实让自己参与到中国文化中。所以immersed为“沉浸、参与”之意。故选A。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“This is because the benefits of being immersed in an environment and being able to make mistakes, make memorable learning connections, and helping people conquer their anxieties can go a long way in helping society become better as a whole. (这是因为沉浸在一个环境中，能够犯错误，建立难忘的学习联系，帮助人们克服焦虑，这些好处可以帮助整个社会变得更好)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术的好处。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Watching wildlife safely is the responsibility of all park visitors. When you visit some national parks, you are entering animals' habitat. ___29___ If not, wildlife may face the following serious risks when you get close enough to interact with them:
Consequences of Physical Contact with People
Some animals, from bison to birds. may be rejected by their parents if they have contact with humans. ___30___ In addition, wildlife can get injured when they try to escape people who have gotten too close, especially if they are near human structures or roads.
Fatal Diseases from People and Pets
Our domestic pets can also pose real dangers to the wildlife within parks. Both pets and people may have diseases that they can give to wildlife. Sadly, there are many examples of wildlife in parks dying from diseases given to them by pets and humans. For example, heartworm from cats can kill wildlife such as foxes, coyotes, bobcats, and mountain lions. Black-footed ferrets die from the flu if humans are sick and get too close. ___31___ So keeping your pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.
Dangers of Eating Human Food and/or Trash（垃圾）
When visitors intentionally or unintentionally feed wildlife, it has negative effects on the wildlife. Some of the dangers to wildlife include shorter lives. The best way for wildlife to have a healthy diet and live healthy lives is to search for food as they would naturally. Relying on human food or trash left out puts wildlife at risk.
___32___ Animals becoming used to and attracted to human food will actively seek out human food. This in the worst cases can make them dangerous. Ground squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers（鹿角）, and bears can get into cars or tents in search of food. ___33___ It means they may be killed by park managers for safety reasons.
It's important to understand how your actions may affect the wildlife in parks. When you respect wildlife, you help protect park animals and yourself.
A. These animals must be removed.
B. You need to behave like a polite guest.
C. Wolves can be infected by virus from dogs.
D. So it's best to resist the urge to pet and hold them.
E. Actually, some of them may behave in a strange way.
F. Observing wildlife in their native habitat can be an educational and fun experience.
G. Learning to eat human food can also change the way that wildlife interact with people.
【答案】29. B 30. D 31. C 32. G 33. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在与野生动物近距离接触时，它们可能会面临的几种严重的风险。
【29题详解】
根据后文“If not, wildlife may face the following serious risks when you get close enough to interact with them（如果不这样做，当你与野生动物近距离接触时，它们可能会面临以下严重的风险）”可知，这里指的是面对动物行为举止要合理守规则。B选项“You need to behave like a polite guest.（你要表现得像个有礼貌的客人。）”符合题意，故选B。
【30题详解】
根据后文“In addition, wildlife can get injured when they try to escape people who have gotten too close（此外，当野生动物试图逃离离它们太近的人时，它们可能会受伤）”可知，本段介绍的是动物与人类接触会发生的严重后果，所以我们要适时远离它们。D选项“So it's best to resist the urge to pet and hold them.（所以最好克制住想要抚摸和抱它们的冲动。）”符合题意，故选D。
【31题详解】
根据后文“So keeping your pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.（所以让你的宠物接种疫苗可以保护它们和野生动物的安全。）”可知，接种过疫苗的宠物可以避免野生动物受到病毒感染。C选项“Wolves can be infected by virus from dogs.（狼可能被狗的病毒感染。）”符合题意，故选C。
【32题详解】
根据后文“Animals becoming used to and attracted to human food will actively seek out human food.（动物逐渐习惯并被人类的食物所吸引，就会积极地寻找人类的食物。）”可知，本段主要介绍的是野生动物吃人类食物后的改变。G选项“Learning to eat human food can also change the way that wildlife interact with people.（学习吃人的食物也可以改变野生动物与人互动的方式。）”符合题意，故选G。
【33题详解】
根据前文“Ground squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers（鹿角）, and bears can get into cars or tents in search of food（松鼠会咬人，鹿有锋利的鹿角，熊会钻进汽车或帐篷寻找食物）”以及后文人们对此采取的行动“It means they may be killed by park managers for safety reasons.（这意味着它们可能会因为安全原因被公园管理员杀死。）”可知，这些野生动物因为寻找人类的食物而有奇怪的表现会影响到人们的安全。E选项“Actually, some of them may behave in a strange way. （事实上，它们中的一些可能会表现得很奇怪。）”符合题意，故选E。
第三节（共4小题；第34、35、36题每小题2分，第37题3分，共9分）
阅读下面短文并回答问题。
When Audrey Kelly, a fifth-year PhD student, isn't doing experiment, she loves making bread. She sometimes feels ashamed about that. “If you are not working yourself to the bone and crying yourself to sleep every night." she asks, "are you working hard enough?"
But evidence suggests that hobbies such as Kelly's satisfy more than just the stomach. Research has linked participation in leisure activities to many measures of physical and mental well-being, from reduced blood pressure to a sense of belonging. We need to see hobbies and work as win-win games.
Carving out free time can be challenging, but there are strategies for success. Jingmei Li, a cancer researcher from Singapore, uses most of her holiday time for driving trips. Jennifer Hertzberg, a psychologist at the University of California, tries to keep the weekends free for her hobby, building Legos.
Many scientists like them have found that hobbies offer them a break from the stress of doing science. Everyone—including scientists—can get stuck in ways of thinking that prevent them from finding a solution to a problem, no matter how hard they work. Evidence suggests that taking a break or doing something different can help improve problem-solving, by revealing a new approach or an overlooked detail. And when scientists are stuck at work, hobbies can provide a sense of accomplishment. Jennifer thinks what she likes most about Lego blocks is that she can complete them in a relatively short amount of time while she labours on long-term scientific projects.
Pastimes also lead to inspiration. When astronomers first caught a glimpse of the Moon through a telescope, Galileo quickly realized that the shadows on its face indicated that its surface was rough and mountainous- not smooth. That's because Galileo liked painting. and had learnt how to represent 3D objects on a flat canvas（画布）.
Due to the benefits of hobbies, they should be valued in the culture of science. Success in science and having a life don't conflict. Scientists' contribution depends more on the quality—not the quantity—of their work. And really, that is a way of living that is focused on creativity and innovation and not on just producing more.
34. What makes Audrey Kelly feel ashamed?
35. Why does Jennifer like building Legos?
36. Why does the author mention Galileo's story in Paragraph 5?
37. Do you think that hobbies benefit your study? Why or why no!?（In about 40 words）
【答案】34. That she felt she wasn’t working hard enough.
35. To relieve stress at work
36. To prove that pastimes also lead to inspiration.
37. I think hobbies benefit my study. Because one of the biggest benefits for me in pursuing hobbies is that they give the mind a rest from my study and I will study more efficiently.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有规律的消遣可以缓解精神压力，改善工作与生活的平衡，并帮助科学家在他们的工作中找到创新的解决方案。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““If you are not working yourself to the bone and crying yourself to sleep every night." she asks, "are you working hard enough?"(她有时为此感到羞愧。她问道：“如果你没有每天晚上哭着入眠，那你工作够努力了吗?”)”可知，奥黛丽·凯利感到羞愧，因为她觉得自己工作不够努力。故答案为That she felt she wasn’t working hard enough.
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many scientists like them have found that hobbies offer them a break from the stress of doing science. (许多像他们一样的科学家发现，业余爱好可以让他们从做科学的压力中解脱出来。)”可知，詹妮弗喜欢做乐高积木是为了缓解工作上的压力。故答案为To relieve stress at work
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Pastimes also lead to inspiration. (消遣也能带来灵感。)”可知，作者在第5段提到伽利略的故事是为了证明消遣也能带来灵感。故答案为To prove that pastimes also lead to inspiration.
【37题详解】
开放题。本题为开放题，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为Because one of the biggest benefits for me in pursuing hobbies is that they give the mind a rest from my study and I will study more efficiently.
四、翻译句子（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分）
请使用括号中所给的单词或词组的适当形式，将下面的句子翻译成英文，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
38. 他坚持要去拜访他的教授。（insist on）（汉译英）
【答案】He insisted on visiting his professor.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。insist on doing sth.坚持做某事。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为He insisted on visiting his professor.
39. 和他们保持联系对你来说很重要。（keep in touch with）（汉译英）
【答案】It’s important for you to keep in touch with them.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。keep in touch with保持联系。It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说……，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为It’s important for you to keep in touch with them.
40. 明天这个时候，我们正在公园里骑自行车。（cycle）（汉译英）
【答案】At this time tomorrow, we will be cycling in the park.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。at this time在这时候；in the park在公园里。根据时间状语At this time tomorrow可知，用将来进行时。根据句意，故翻译为At this time tomorrow, we will be cycling in the park.
41. 他建议明年雇用更多的工人。（suggest；employ）（汉译英）
【答案】He suggested employing more workers next year.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。suggest doing sth.建议做某事。next year明年，根据陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为He suggested employing more workers next year.
42. 他们是如何克服这个问题的还不得而知。（overcome；unknown）（汉译英）
【答案】How they overcame this problem is still unknown.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句和时态。分析原文可知，“他们是如何克服这个问题”可处理为主语从句，根据句意，用连接副词how引导该从句，其中“克服”是谓语动词，用动词overcome表示，从句陈述过去事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用overcame；“……还不得而知”是主句，可处理为系表结构，因主语是从句，系动词用单数，其中“不得而知”用形容词unknown表示，作表语，主句讲述现在情况，用一般现在时。综上，全句翻译为How they overcame this problem is still unknown.
43. 袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，他一生致力于农业。（devote）（汉译英）
【答案】Yuan Longping, one of the most famous scientists in China, devoted his life to agriculture.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。devote one’s life to献身于某事。陈述过去事实，用一般过去时。句中主语为Yuan Longping，“中国最著名的科学家之一”one of the most famous scientists in China作同位语。根据句意，故翻译为Yuan Longping, one of the most famous scientists in China, devoted his life to agriculture.
五、书面表达（10分）
44. 假设你是红星中学的李华。请根据你的英国笔友Jim的邮件给他回信。
Dear Li Hua,
I have read a lot of stories about people of achievement recently. I am really impressed by them. Speaking of people of achievement, who is the person you admire most? I want to know why you admire him/her most? How does he/she influence you?
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Jim
注意：1. 词数100字左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim，
I am glad to receive your e-mail and talk about the greatest person that I admire most.
I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, who not only discovered radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War. Besides, Madam Curie was not interested in fame or wealth at all, although she won the Nobel Prize twice.
In my opinion, great persons should be selfless, generous and active, for which they can really influence us.
What qualities do you think a great person should have? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇书面表达类应用文。要求考生向笔友Jim回一封邮件。谈论自己最崇拜的伟人、崇拜的原因及伟人是如何影响自己的。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：pleased→glad
钦佩；尊重：respect→admire
对……感兴趣：have an interest in/show interest in→be interested in
在我看来：as far as I am concerned→in my opinion
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, who not only discovered radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War.
拓展句：I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, because not only did she discover radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, who not only discovered radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
In my opinion, great persons should be selfless, generous and active, for which they can really influence us. (运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
2022北京东城高二（上）期末
英 语
本试卷共8页，共75分，考试时长90分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在等题卡上将该项涂黑。
In a race, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves. For Frank Schutt, his personal best turned out not to be about marking the fastest ___1___ but displaying the biggest heart.
At the beginning of an urban running race, Frank was confident that he would probably have the ___2___ to qualify for the upcoming state final race. Meanwhile, another runner, Jeffery White, aiming to beat his personal record, continued to ___3___ himself hard after a fast start.
Unexpectedly, with less than 200 meters to go. Jeffery's legs cramped up (抽筋)and failed him. But his will did not. ___4___ to finish, Jeffery rose from the ground and continued on. But he'd made it only 25 meters more before going down.
Jeffery didn't want to give up. With his effort, the young runner pulled himself up and with a(n) ___5___ gait (步法), moved forward for one final push. ___6___ , before reaching the finish line, he lay on the ground again. His legs had given out.
At that moment Frank ran to him and offered a helping hand. Frank's first attempt to get Jeffery up failed, but he too refused to ___7___ . With a second pull, Jeffery was on his feet. Then with Jeffery holding Frank for ___8___ , the two completed the final 175 meters. Frank even ___9___ the injured runner crossing the finish line first.
Today, the emphasis in athletics is often put on breaking records, so it was inspiring to see for an athlete like Frank, the value of true ___10___ was still there.
1. A. team B. way C. growth D. time
2. A. passion B. potential C. motivation D. efficiency
3. A. train B. prove C. push D. behave
4. A. Convinced B. Determined C. Inspired D. Moved
5. A. unconfident B. final C. flexible D. unsteady
6. A. Unfortunately B. Actually C. Apparently D. Gradually
7. A. fight B. act C. quit D. rest
8. A. suggestion B. support C. ability D. comfort
9. A. secured B. caught C. observed D. left
10. A. friendship B. championship C. sportsmanship D. membership
二、语法填空（共9小厦；每小量1分，共9分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Giant Panda National Park, ___11___ is located in Central China, stretches across Sichuan, Ningxia, and Shaanxi provinces. The national park is in development and will include 67 existing panda reserves. The giant panda is the symbol of China and one of the most ___12___ (adore)creatures across the globe. This national park features a population of 1,864 giant pandas and accounts for 80% of the Chinese giant panda population. Apart ___13___ the small number of pandas located in zoos around the world, all other giant pandas are found within China.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Body language is a type of nonverbal communication in which physical behaviors are used to express the information. The interpretations may vary from country to country, or culture to culture. ___14___ （learn）how to read body language is necessary for you because it ___15___ （reveal）what a person is really feeling or thinking. For instance, people often blink (眨眼)more rapidly when they are feeling ___16___ （depress）or uncomfortable. When the mouth is slightly turned up, it might mean that the person is feeling happy or optimistic.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
To provide convenience and speed, robots are used to make coffee in airports to give customers an opportunity to place orders ___17___ (remote)—via an app. Passengers only need to select a drink from the screen menu on an automatic device and customize (定制) it to individual ___18___ (prefer). This kind of operation is easy to accomplish from any spot—e.g., while you are still at the arrival gate or at the entrance. And it is believed ___19___ employing a smart machine instead of a human has many benefits.
三、阅读理解（共三节，37分）
第一节（共9小题；每小题2分，共18分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In 2020, Oliver Wallace’s parents entered him in a national speech contest. The contest was held by Think Kindness. It’s an organization that aims to inspire acts of kindness in schools and communities. Oliver wrote a speech and recorded a video for the contest. In his speech. Oliver focused on the idea that kindness is easy. “It can be free and it can make someone's day a whole lot better,” he said.
After winning the contest. Oliver put his speech into action. He created the Race to Kindness, a series of events spreading kindness around the world. For his efforts, the fifth-grader was awarded one of America’s top 2021 youth volunteers.
One of his events is called the Race to 500 Toys. Being in the hospital is difficult for kids. So Oliver started the toy drive for children in a hospital near his home. “I knew that I could help,” said Oliver, “and that made me want to.” With his prize money from the contest and the support from community, Oliver was able to donate 619 toys to the local children's hospital.
Now Oliver is busy with his new project, the Race to 100,000 Meals. “I was seeing so many people that didn't have access to food,” he said. “Or they were waiting in long lines to get small meals.” So far, the event has collected more than 100,000 meals for families in Texas.
Organizing a donation drive is one way to practice kindness. But small, well-thought-out acts are just as important. “It can start off with a positive thought or being kind to someone,” said Oliver. His speech offered suggestions. They included leaving a nice note for a neighbor or asking your parents how you can help them at home.
“If you treat someone with a little kindness,” Oliver said, “it can make you feel better knowing that someone else feels better.”
20. Why did Oliver start the Race to Kindness?
A. To advocate kind actions B. To participate in a contest.
C. To serve voluntary organizations. D. To raise money for Think Kindness.
21. With the prize money he got from the speech contest, Oliver___________.
A. made videos for the contest B. donated meals for poor families
C. awarded prizes to young volunteers D. bought toys for the children in hospital
22. What can we learn from Oliver’s story?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Think twice before acting.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. One small act can make a difference.
B
Established in 1995, Youth Farm has developed from a garden program into a youth development organization. We engage hundreds of youth in leadership development form.
Our Mission and Goals
◇We farm to grow food.
From strawberries to carrots, our youth seed, plant, grow, and harvest our food and bring it to our communities' forks
◇We farm to grow community.
We live and work in diverse neighborhoods. These neighborhoods are amazing, but also face numerous challenges related to food access and quality youth development programming. Youth farm does the best to meet the challenges.
◇We farm to grow leaders.
At Youth Farm, assisting youth in their development as leaders is the most important part of our work. We work to engage young people as problem solvers to a variety of issues, from food access to quality education. We are not growing the next generation of farmers, but youth leaders who will become amazing teachers, scientists, community organizers, politicians and so much more.
Our Programs
Growing Season Programming
The growing season is a busy time for us. Our youth take on an active role in planting and monitoring garden spaces throughout the entire season. Youth are also involved in volunteer farm work days.
School Year Programming
During the school year, youth attend farm classes, cooking classes, and gardening classes. School year programs and community involvement opportunities through food-based activities are key elements to Youth Farm’s success.
Community Events
We also involve our youth in community events such as fairs, markets, and community meals. When participating in events, youth are offered real world planning and engagement opportunities. They will be introduced to the community as leaders in the local food movement.
For more information, please visit husp://youth farm./
23. One of Youth Farm’s aims is to____________.
A. train professional farmers B. create new food programs
C. develop youth’s leadership D. protect community’s environment
24. At Youth Farm, participants can____________.
A. assist farm managers B. teach in cooking classes
C. join in community activities D. design gardens for the school
25. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To advertise new farm products. B. To introduce an organization
C. To spread agricultural knowledge. D. To inspire youth to serve the community.
C
The capabilities and arrival of virtual reality headsets have become mainstream and available to most people. Virtual reality has now become an extremely useful tool for education, careers, and just for fun.
VR has helped make improvement in the professions that put people in danger. For example, it enables firefighters to learn and experience things that they would only have learned if they were actually in a real fire situation. VR allows people like firefighters and even doctors to participate in a similar environment that they would be working in and make mistakes. By allowing them to make mistakes without serious consequences and learn from those mistakes, a trainee can more quickly catch up in their field.
Many schools have also started to use VR to help young kids with their learning. For example, for language learners, the practice is very helpful in the process of learning. With VR. students who are learning Chinese can visit historical locations like Pingyao or Qufu in a virtual world and he immersed in Chinese culture. They would quickly pick up the language. And they will be more likely to remember and make a connection with what they learned by visiting the places as opposed to just simply reading about those places in textbook.
Not only does VR help people train and practice for professional careers but it can also help people psychologically. For instance, if someone feels very uncomfortable or anxious when they are in small or enclosed places, VR can put them in a similar situation and slowly get the person used to being in such an environment. Or instead of practicing in front of your mom in the kitchen, you can instead practice in an environment made to look like an office and talk to either a real person that isn’t your mom or an Al that’s programmed to ask you interview questions.
Although many people use VR mostly for fun like video games. I think businesses, schools, and medical practices should make use of VR in their establishments. This is because the benefits of being immersed in an environment and being able to make mistakes, make memorable learning connections, and helping people conquer their anxieties can go a long way in helping society become better as a whole.
26. With VR, firefighters can____________.
A. practice in real situations B. draw lessons from failure
C. receive professional advice D. improve working environment
27. What does the underlined word “immersed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Completely involved B. Deeply attracted C. Greatly inspired. D. Totally adjusted.
28. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The future of virtual reality B. The benefits of virtual reality.
C. The popularity of virtual reality. D. The development of virtual reality.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Watching wildlife safely is the responsibility of all park visitors. When you visit some national parks, you are entering animals' habitat. ___29___ If not, wildlife may face the following serious risks when you get close enough to interact with them:
Consequences of Physical Contact with People
Some animals, from bison to birds. may be rejected by their parents if they have contact with humans. ___30___ In addition, wildlife can get injured when they try to escape people who have gotten too close, especially if they are near human structures or roads.
Fatal Diseases from People and Pets
Our domestic pets can also pose real dangers to the wildlife within parks. Both pets and people may have diseases that they can give to wildlife. Sadly, there are many examples of wildlife in parks dying from diseases given to them by pets and humans. For example, heartworm from cats can kill wildlife such as foxes, coyotes, bobcats, and mountain lions. Black-footed ferrets die from the flu if humans are sick and get too close. ___31___ So keeping your pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.
Dangers of Eating Human Food and/or Trash（垃圾）
When visitors intentionally or unintentionally feed wildlife, it has negative effects on the wildlife. Some of the dangers to wildlife include shorter lives. The best way for wildlife to have a healthy diet and live healthy lives is to search for food as they would naturally. Relying on human food or trash left out puts wildlife at risk.
___32___ Animals becoming used to and attracted to human food will actively seek out human food. This in the worst cases can make them dangerous. Ground squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers（鹿角）, and bears can get into cars or tents in search of food. ___33___ It means they may be killed by park managers for safety reasons.
It's important to understand how your actions may affect the wildlife in parks. When you respect wildlife, you help protect park animals and yourself.
A. These animals must be removed.
B. You need to behave like a polite guest.
C Wolves can be infected by virus from dogs.
D. So it's best to resist the urge to pet and hold them.
E. Actually, some of them may behave in a strange way.
F. Observing wildlife in their native habitat can be an educational and fun experience.
G. Learning to eat human food can also change the way that wildlife interact with people.
第三节（共4小题；第34、35、36题每小题2分，第37题3分，共9分）
阅读下面短文并回答问题。
When Audrey Kelly, a fifth-year PhD student, isn't doing experiment, she loves making bread. She sometimes feels ashamed about that. “If you are not working yourself to the bone and crying yourself to sleep every night." she asks, "are you working hard enough?"
But evidence suggests that hobbies such as Kelly's satisfy more than just the stomach. Research has linked participation in leisure activities to many measures of physical and mental well-being, from reduced blood pressure to a sense of belonging. We need to see hobbies and work as win-win games.
Carving out free time can be challenging, but there are strategies for success. Jingmei Li, a cancer researcher from Singapore, uses most of her holiday time for driving trips. Jennifer Hertzberg, a psychologist at the University of California, tries to keep the weekends free for her hobby, building Legos.
Many scientists like them have found that hobbies offer them a break from the stress of doing science. Everyone—including scientists—can get stuck in ways of thinking that prevent them from finding a solution to a problem, no matter how hard they work. Evidence suggests that taking a break or doing something different can help improve problem-solving, by revealing a new approach or an overlooked detail. And when scientists are stuck at work, hobbies can provide a sense of accomplishment. Jennifer thinks what she likes most about Lego blocks is that she can complete them in a relatively short amount of time while she labours on long-term scientific projects.
Pastimes also lead to inspiration. When astronomers first caught a glimpse of the Moon through a telescope, Galileo quickly realized that the shadows on its face indicated that its surface was rough and mountainous- not smooth. That's because Galileo liked painting. and had learnt how to represent 3D objects on a flat canvas（画布）.
Due to the benefits of hobbies, they should be valued in the culture of science. Success in science and having a life don't conflict. Scientists' contribution depends more on the quality—not the quantity—of their work. And really, that is a way of living that is focused on creativity and innovation and not on just producing more.
34. What makes Audrey Kelly feel ashamed?
35. Why does Jennifer like building Legos?
36. Why does the author mention Galileo's story in Paragraph 5?
37. Do you think that hobbies benefit your study? Why or why no!?（In about 40 words）
四、翻译句子（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分）
请使用括号中所给的单词或词组的适当形式，将下面的句子翻译成英文，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
38. 他坚持要去拜访他的教授。（insist on）（汉译英）
39. 和他们保持联系对你来说很重要。（keep in touch with）（汉译英）
40. 明天这个时候，我们正在公园里骑自行车。（cycle）（汉译英）
41. 他建议明年雇用更多的工人。（suggest；employ）（汉译英）
42. 他们是如何克服这个问题的还不得而知。（overcome；unknown）（汉译英）
43. 袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，他一生致力于农业。（devote）（汉译英）
五、书面表达（10分）
44. 假设你是红星中学的李华。请根据你的英国笔友Jim的邮件给他回信。
Dear Li Hua
I have read a lot of stories about people of achievement recently. I am really impressed by them. Speaking of people of achievement, who is the person you admire most? I want to know why you admire him/her most? How does he/she influence you?
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Jim
注意：1. 词数100字左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
本试卷共8页，共75分，考试时长90分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在等题卡上将该项涂黑。
In a race, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves. For Frank Schutt, his personal best turned out not to be about marking the fastest ___1___ but displaying the biggest heart.
At the beginning of an urban running race, Frank was confident that he would probably have the ___2___ to qualify for the upcoming state final race. Meanwhile, another runner, Jeffery White, aiming to beat his personal record, continued to ___3___ himself hard after a fast start.
Unexpectedly, with less than 200 meters to go. Jeffery's legs cramped up (抽筋)and failed him. But his will did not. ___4___ to finish, Jeffery rose from the ground and continued on. But he'd made it only 25 meters more before going down.
Jeffery didn't want to give up. With his effort, the young runner pulled himself up and with a(n) ___5___ gait (步法), moved forward for one final push. ___6___ , before reaching the finish line, he lay on the ground again. His legs had given out.
At that moment, Frank ran to him and offered a helping hand. Frank's first attempt to get Jeffery up failed, but he too refused to ___7___ . With a second pull, Jeffery was on his feet. Then with Jeffery holding Frank for ___8___ , the two completed the final 175 meters. Frank even ___9___ the injured runner crossing the finish line first.
Today, the emphasis in athletics is often put on breaking records, so it was inspiring to see for an athlete like Frank, the value of true ___10___ was still there.
1. A. team B. way C. growth D. time
2. A. passion B. potential C. motivation D. efficiency
3. A. train B. prove C. push D. behave
4. A. Convinced B. Determined C. Inspired D. Moved
5. A. unconfident B. final C. flexible D. unsteady
6 A. Unfortunately B. Actually C. Apparently D. Gradually
7. A. fight B. act C. quit D. rest
8 A. suggestion B. support C. ability D. comfort
9. A. secured B. caught C. observed D. left
10. A. friendship B. championship C. sportsmanship D. membership
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了跑步运动员Jeffery White在赛场上两次摔倒，另一个运动员Frank Schutt经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Frank Schutt这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于 Frank Schutt来说，他的个人最好成绩不是记录最快的时间，而是展现最伟大的心。A. team队伍；B. way道路；C. growth成长；D. time时间。根据文章第一句和第二段“At the beginning of an urban running race”可知，Frank Schutt是一位跑步运动员，衡量成绩的标准是时间。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一场城市赛跑的开始，Frank很有信心，他很可能有资格参加即将到来的州决赛。A. passion激情，热情；B. potential可能性，潜能；C. motivation动力；D. efficiency效率。根据空前“Frank was confident ”可知，因为Frank很自信，由此可知，他觉得自己有可能参加即将到来的州决赛。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，另一名选手Jeffery White在快速起跑后继续努力，希望打破自己的个人纪录。A. train训练；B. prove证明；C. push鞭策；D. behave表现。根据前文“aiming to beat his personal record”可知，因为希望打破自己，所以Jeffery White努力鞭策自己继续努力。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jeffery决心完成，他从地上站起来，继续前进。A. Convinced说服的；B. Determined有决心的；C. Inspired受到启发的；D. Moved感动的。根据空后“Jeffery rose from the ground and continued on.”可知，因为决心要完成比赛，所以Jeffery从地上站起来，继续比赛。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的努力下，年轻的跑步者站了起来，步履不稳，向前推进了最后一步。 A. unconfident不自信的；B. final最后的；C. flexible灵活的；D. unsteady不稳定的。由前文“ Jeffery's legs cramped up (抽筋)and failed him.”可知，因为Jeffery的脚抽筋，所以他步履不稳。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在到达终点线之前，他又躺在了地上。A. Unfortunately不幸的是；B. Actually实际上；C. Apparently明显地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据空后“he lay on the ground again”可知，因为Jeffery又摔倒了，所以这对他来说是不幸的。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Frank第一次把 Jeffery拉起来的尝试失败了，但他拒绝放弃。 A. fight打架；B. act表现；C. quit放弃；D. rest休息。根据“Frank's first attempt to get Jeffery up failed”可知，Frank第一次把 Jeffery拉起来的尝试失败了，但他拒绝放弃。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在Jeffery扶着Frank获得支持，两人跑完了最后175米。A. suggestion建议；B. support支持；C. ability能力；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“the two completed the final 175 meters. ”可知，在Frank的支持下，两人跑完了最后175米。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Frank甚至帮助受伤的赛跑者安全地第一个冲过终点线。A. secured使安全；B. caught抓住；C. observed观察；D. left离开。根据后文“the injured runner”可知，因为是受伤的赛跑者，所以此处指确保其安全地冲过终点线。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，田径运动的重点往往是打破纪录，所以看到像Frank这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，是令人鼓舞的。 A. friendship友谊；B. championship锦标赛；C. sportsmanship体育精神；D. membership会员资格。根据前文Frank帮助Jeffery一起冲刺跑完最后175米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选C。
二、语法填空（共9小厦；每小量1分，共9分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Giant Panda National Park, ___11___ is located in Central China, stretches across Sichuan, Ningxia, and Shaanxi provinces. The national park is in development and will include 67 existing panda reserves. The giant panda is the symbol of China and one of the most ___12___ (adore)creatures across the globe. This national park features a population of 1,864 giant pandas and accounts for 80% of the Chinese giant panda population. Apart ___13___ the small number of pandas located in zoos around the world, all other giant pandas are found within China.
【答案】11. which
12. adorable
13. from
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫国家公园。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大熊猫国家公园位于中国中部，横跨四川、宁夏和陕西省。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Giant Panda National Park，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：大熊猫是中国的象征，也是世界上最可爱的动物之一。one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，adore的形容词为adorable“可爱的”。故填adorable。
【13题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：除了为数不多的大熊猫在世界各地的动物园里，其他的大熊猫都在中国境内。apart from…除了……，固定短语，符合题意。故填from。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Body language is a type of nonverbal communication in which physical behaviors are used to express the information. The interpretations may vary from country to country, or culture to culture. ___14___ （learn）how to read body language is necessary for you because it ___15___ （reveal）what a person is really feeling or thinking. For instance, people often blink (眨眼)more rapidly when they are feeling ___16___ （depress）or uncomfortable. When the mouth is slightly turned up, it might mean that the person is feeling happy or optimistic.
【答案】14. Learning
15. reveals
16. depressed
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言的重要性。
【14题详解】
考查动名词。句意：学习如何读懂肢体语言对你来说是必要的，因为它能揭示一个人真正的感受或想法。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作主语；结合句意可知，空处需用动名词作主语，表示状态，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Learning。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。结合句意和空前后动词is可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，it 作主语，谓语动词需用单数。故填reveals。
16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，当人们感到沮丧或不舒服时，通常眨眼更快。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作表语，主语是they，指人，所以空处需用ed形容词作表语。故填depressed。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
To provide convenience and speed, robots are used to make coffee in airports to give customers an opportunity to place orders ___17___ (remote)—via an app. Passengers only need to select a drink from the screen menu on an automatic device and customize (定制) it to individual ___18___ (prefer). This kind of operation is easy to accomplish from any spot—e.g., while you are still at the arrival gate or at the entrance. And it is believed ___19___ employing a smart machine instead of a human has many benefits.
【答案】17. remotely
18. preference
19. that
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能机器给人们带来便捷之处。
【17题详解】
考查副词。句意：为了提供便利和速度，机器人被用来在机场煮咖啡，让顾客有机会通过应用程序远程下单。修饰动词place，用副词形式作状语。故填remotely。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：乘客只需要从自动装置的屏幕菜单中选择一杯饮料，然后根据个人喜好定制。形容词individual后接名词形式。故填preference。
【19题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：人们认为，使用智能机器代替人类有很多好处。it is believed that...人们相信……，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。故填that。
三、阅读理解（共三节，37分）
第一节（共9小题；每小题2分，共18分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In 2020, Oliver Wallace’s parents entered him in a national speech contest. The contest was held by Think Kindness. It’s an organization that aims to inspire acts of kindness in schools and communities. Oliver wrote a speech and recorded a video for the contest. In his speech. Oliver focused on the idea that kindness is easy. “It can be free and it can make someone's day a whole lot better,” he said.
After winning the contest. Oliver put his speech into action. He created the Race to Kindness a series of events spreading kindness around the world. For his efforts, the fifth-grader was awarded one of America’s top 2021 youth volunteers.
One of his events is called the Race to 500 Toys. Being in the hospital is difficult for kids. So Oliver started the toy drive for children in a hospital near his home. “I knew that I could help,” said Oliver, “and that made me want to.” With his prize money from the contest and the support from community, Oliver was able to donate 619 toys to the local children's hospital.
Now Oliver is busy with his new project, the Race to 100,000 Meals. “I was seeing so many people that didn't have access to food,” he said. “Or they were waiting in long lines to get small meals.” So far, the event has collected more than 100,000 meals for families in Texas.
Organizing a donation drive is one way to practice kindness. But small, well-thought-out acts are just as important. “It can start off with a positive thought or being kind to someone,” said Oliver. His speech offered suggestions. They included leaving a nice note for a neighbor or asking your parents how you can help them at home.
“If you treat someone with a little kindness,” Oliver said, “it can make you feel better knowing that someone else feels better.”
20. Why did Oliver start the Race to Kindness?
A. To advocate kind actions B. To participate in a contest.
C. To serve voluntary organizations. D. To raise money for Think Kindness.
21. With the prize money he got from the speech contest, Oliver___________.
A. made videos for the contest B. donated meals for poor families
C. awarded prizes to young volunteers D. bought toys for the children in hospital
22. What can we learn from Oliver’s story?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Think twice before acting.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. One small act can make a difference.
【答案】20. A 21. D 22. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了五年级学生奥利弗为传播善良，组织多场募捐活动。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He created the Race to Kindness, a series of events spreading kindness around the world.(他创立了善行竞赛，这是一系列在世界各地传播善良的活动。)”可知，奥利弗要开始慈善竞赛是为了倡导善良的行为。故选A。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With his prize money from the contest and the support from community, Oliver was able to donate 619 toys to the local children’s hospital. (在比赛的奖金和社区的支持下，奥利弗向当地儿童医院捐赠了619件玩具。)”可知，用演讲比赛的奖金，奥利弗给医院里的孩子们买了玩具。故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But small, well-thought-out acts are just as important. (但小的、经过深思熟虑的行动也同样重要。)”及全文可推断，我们能从奥利弗的故事中学到：一个小小的举动就能带来巨大影响。故选D。
B
Established in 1995, Youth Farm has developed from a garden program into a youth development organization. We engage hundreds of youth in leadership development form.
Our Mission and Goals
◇We farm to grow food.
From strawberries to carrots, our youth seed, plant, grow, and harvest our food and bring it to our communities' forks
◇We farm to grow community.
We live and work in diverse neighborhoods. These neighborhoods are amazing, but also face numerous challenges related to food access and quality youth development programming. Youth farm does the best to meet the challenges.
◇We farm to grow leaders.
At Youth Farm, assisting youth in their development as leaders is the most important part of our work. We work to engage young people as problem solvers to a variety of issues, from food access to quality education. We are not growing the next generation of farmers, but youth leaders who will become amazing teachers, scientists, community organizers, politicians and so much more.
Our Programs
Growing Season Programming
The growing season is a busy time for us. Our youth take on an active role in planting and monitoring garden spaces throughout the entire season. Youth are also involved in volunteer farm work days.
School Year Programming
During the school year, youth attend farm classes, cooking classes, and gardening classes. School year programs and community involvement opportunities through food-based activities are key elements to Youth Farm’s success.
Community Events
We also involve our youth in community events such as fairs, markets, and community meals. When participating in events, youth are offered real world planning and engagement opportunities. They will be introduced to the community as leaders in the local food movement.
For more information, please visit husp://youth farm./
23. One of Youth Farm’s aims is to____________.
A. train professional farmers B. create new food programs
C. develop youth’s leadership D. protect community’s environment
24. At Youth Farm, participants can____________.
A. assist farm managers B. teach in cooking classes
C. join in community activities D. design gardens for the school
25. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To advertise new farm products. B. To introduce an organization
C. To spread agricultural knowledge. D. To inspire youth to serve the community.
【答案】23. C 24. C 25. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青年农场的使命和目标，以及其项目。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章◇We farm to grow leaders.中的“At Youth Farm, assisting youth in their development as leaders is the most important part of our work.(在青年农场，帮助青年成长为领导者是我们工作的重中之重)”可知，青年农场的目标之一是培养青年的领导能力。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Community Events中的“We also involve our youth in community events such as fairs, markets, and community meals. When participating in events, youth are offered real world planning and engagement opportunities. (我们还让青少年参与社区活动，比如集市、市场和社区餐饮。在参与活动时，青年可以获得真实世界的规划和参与机会)”可知，在青年农场，参加者可以参加社区活动。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Established in 1995, Youth Farm has developed from a garden program into a youth development organization.( 青年农场成立于1995年，从一个园艺项目发展成为一个青年发展组织)”及全文可推断，本篇文章的主要目的是介绍青年农场这样一个组织。故选B。
C
The capabilities and arrival of virtual reality headsets have become mainstream and available to most people. Virtual reality has now become an extremely useful tool for education, careers, and just for fun.
VR has helped make improvement in the professions that put people in danger. For example, it enables firefighters to learn and experience things that they would only have learned if they were actually in a real fire situation. VR allows people like firefighters and even doctors to participate in a similar environment that they would be working in and make mistakes. By allowing them to make mistakes without serious consequences and learn from those mistakes, a trainee can more quickly catch up in their field.
Many schools have also started to use VR to help young kids with their learning. For example, for language learners, the practice is very helpful in the process of learning. With VR. students who are learning Chinese can visit historical locations like Pingyao or Qufu in a virtual world and he immersed in Chinese culture. They would quickly pick up the language. And they will be more likely to remember and make a connection with what they learned by visiting the places as opposed to just simply reading about those places in textbook.
Not only does VR help people train and practice for professional careers but it can also help people psychologically. For instance, if someone feels very uncomfortable or anxious when they are in small or enclosed places, VR can put them in a similar situation and slowly get the person used to being in such an environment. Or instead of practicing in front of your mom in the kitchen, you can instead practice in an environment made to look like an office and talk to either a real person that isn’t your mom or an Al that’s programmed to ask you interview questions.
Although many people use VR mostly for fun like video games. I think businesses, schools, and medical practices should make use of VR in their establishments. This is because the benefits of being immersed in an environment and being able to make mistakes, make memorable learning connections, and helping people conquer their anxieties can go a long way in helping society become better as a whole.
26. With VR, firefighters can____________.
A. practice in real situations B. draw lessons from failure
C. receive professional advice D. improve working environment
27. What does the underlined word “immersed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Completely involved B. Deeply attracted C. Greatly inspired. D. Totally adjusted.
28. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The future of virtual reality B. The benefits of virtual reality.
C. The popularity of virtual reality. D. The development of virtual reality.
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术的好处。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ VR allows people like firefighters and even doctors to participate in a similar environment that they would be working in and make mistakes. By allowing them to make mistakes without serious consequences and learn from those mistakes, a trainee can more quickly catch up in their field.(虚拟现实可以让消防员甚至医生等人参与到一个类似的环境中，他们会在这个环境中工作并犯错。通过允许消防员在没有严重后果的情况下犯错误，并从错误中吸取教训，他们可以更快地在自己的领域取得进步)”可知，有了虚拟现实，消防员可以从失败中吸取教训。故选B。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前半句“With VR. students who are learning Chinese can visit historical locations like Pingyao or Qufu in a virtual world (学习汉语的学生可以在虚拟世界里参观平遥、曲阜等历史景点)”可知，学习汉语的学生可以通过虚拟现实让自己参与到中国文化中。所以immersed为“沉浸、参与”之意。故选A。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“This is because the benefits of being immersed in an environment and being able to make mistakes, make memorable learning connections, and helping people conquer their anxieties can go a long way in helping society become better as a whole. (这是因为沉浸在一个环境中，能够犯错误，建立难忘的学习联系，帮助人们克服焦虑，这些好处可以帮助整个社会变得更好)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术的好处。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Watching wildlife safely is the responsibility of all park visitors. When you visit some national parks, you are entering animals' habitat. ___29___ If not, wildlife may face the following serious risks when you get close enough to interact with them:
Consequences of Physical Contact with People
Some animals, from bison to birds. may be rejected by their parents if they have contact with humans. ___30___ In addition, wildlife can get injured when they try to escape people who have gotten too close, especially if they are near human structures or roads.
Fatal Diseases from People and Pets
Our domestic pets can also pose real dangers to the wildlife within parks. Both pets and people may have diseases that they can give to wildlife. Sadly, there are many examples of wildlife in parks dying from diseases given to them by pets and humans. For example, heartworm from cats can kill wildlife such as foxes, coyotes, bobcats, and mountain lions. Black-footed ferrets die from the flu if humans are sick and get too close. ___31___ So keeping your pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.
Dangers of Eating Human Food and/or Trash（垃圾）
When visitors intentionally or unintentionally feed wildlife, it has negative effects on the wildlife. Some of the dangers to wildlife include shorter lives. The best way for wildlife to have a healthy diet and live healthy lives is to search for food as they would naturally. Relying on human food or trash left out puts wildlife at risk.
___32___ Animals becoming used to and attracted to human food will actively seek out human food. This in the worst cases can make them dangerous. Ground squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers（鹿角）, and bears can get into cars or tents in search of food. ___33___ It means they may be killed by park managers for safety reasons.
It's important to understand how your actions may affect the wildlife in parks. When you respect wildlife, you help protect park animals and yourself.
A. These animals must be removed.
B. You need to behave like a polite guest.
C. Wolves can be infected by virus from dogs.
D. So it's best to resist the urge to pet and hold them.
E. Actually, some of them may behave in a strange way.
F. Observing wildlife in their native habitat can be an educational and fun experience.
G. Learning to eat human food can also change the way that wildlife interact with people.
【答案】29. B 30. D 31. C 32. G 33. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在与野生动物近距离接触时，它们可能会面临的几种严重的风险。
【29题详解】
根据后文“If not, wildlife may face the following serious risks when you get close enough to interact with them（如果不这样做，当你与野生动物近距离接触时，它们可能会面临以下严重的风险）”可知，这里指的是面对动物行为举止要合理守规则。B选项“You need to behave like a polite guest.（你要表现得像个有礼貌的客人。）”符合题意，故选B。
【30题详解】
根据后文“In addition, wildlife can get injured when they try to escape people who have gotten too close（此外，当野生动物试图逃离离它们太近的人时，它们可能会受伤）”可知，本段介绍的是动物与人类接触会发生的严重后果，所以我们要适时远离它们。D选项“So it's best to resist the urge to pet and hold them.（所以最好克制住想要抚摸和抱它们的冲动。）”符合题意，故选D。
【31题详解】
根据后文“So keeping your pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.（所以让你的宠物接种疫苗可以保护它们和野生动物的安全。）”可知，接种过疫苗的宠物可以避免野生动物受到病毒感染。C选项“Wolves can be infected by virus from dogs.（狼可能被狗的病毒感染。）”符合题意，故选C。
【32题详解】
根据后文“Animals becoming used to and attracted to human food will actively seek out human food.（动物逐渐习惯并被人类的食物所吸引，就会积极地寻找人类的食物。）”可知，本段主要介绍的是野生动物吃人类食物后的改变。G选项“Learning to eat human food can also change the way that wildlife interact with people.（学习吃人的食物也可以改变野生动物与人互动的方式。）”符合题意，故选G。
【33题详解】
根据前文“Ground squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers（鹿角）, and bears can get into cars or tents in search of food（松鼠会咬人，鹿有锋利的鹿角，熊会钻进汽车或帐篷寻找食物）”以及后文人们对此采取的行动“It means they may be killed by park managers for safety reasons.（这意味着它们可能会因为安全原因被公园管理员杀死。）”可知，这些野生动物因为寻找人类的食物而有奇怪的表现会影响到人们的安全。E选项“Actually, some of them may behave in a strange way. （事实上，它们中的一些可能会表现得很奇怪。）”符合题意，故选E。
第三节（共4小题；第34、35、36题每小题2分，第37题3分，共9分）
阅读下面短文并回答问题。
When Audrey Kelly, a fifth-year PhD student, isn't doing experiment, she loves making bread. She sometimes feels ashamed about that. “If you are not working yourself to the bone and crying yourself to sleep every night." she asks, "are you working hard enough?"
But evidence suggests that hobbies such as Kelly's satisfy more than just the stomach. Research has linked participation in leisure activities to many measures of physical and mental well-being, from reduced blood pressure to a sense of belonging. We need to see hobbies and work as win-win games.
Carving out free time can be challenging, but there are strategies for success. Jingmei Li, a cancer researcher from Singapore, uses most of her holiday time for driving trips. Jennifer Hertzberg, a psychologist at the University of California, tries to keep the weekends free for her hobby, building Legos.
Many scientists like them have found that hobbies offer them a break from the stress of doing science. Everyone—including scientists—can get stuck in ways of thinking that prevent them from finding a solution to a problem, no matter how hard they work. Evidence suggests that taking a break or doing something different can help improve problem-solving, by revealing a new approach or an overlooked detail. And when scientists are stuck at work, hobbies can provide a sense of accomplishment. Jennifer thinks what she likes most about Lego blocks is that she can complete them in a relatively short amount of time while she labours on long-term scientific projects.
Pastimes also lead to inspiration. When astronomers first caught a glimpse of the Moon through a telescope, Galileo quickly realized that the shadows on its face indicated that its surface was rough and mountainous- not smooth. That's because Galileo liked painting. and had learnt how to represent 3D objects on a flat canvas（画布）.
Due to the benefits of hobbies, they should be valued in the culture of science. Success in science and having a life don't conflict. Scientists' contribution depends more on the quality—not the quantity—of their work. And really, that is a way of living that is focused on creativity and innovation and not on just producing more.
34. What makes Audrey Kelly feel ashamed?
35. Why does Jennifer like building Legos?
36. Why does the author mention Galileo's story in Paragraph 5?
37. Do you think that hobbies benefit your study? Why or why no!?（In about 40 words）
【答案】34. That she felt she wasn’t working hard enough.
35. To relieve stress at work
36. To prove that pastimes also lead to inspiration.
37. I think hobbies benefit my study. Because one of the biggest benefits for me in pursuing hobbies is that they give the mind a rest from my study and I will study more efficiently.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有规律的消遣可以缓解精神压力，改善工作与生活的平衡，并帮助科学家在他们的工作中找到创新的解决方案。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““If you are not working yourself to the bone and crying yourself to sleep every night." she asks, "are you working hard enough?"(她有时为此感到羞愧。她问道：“如果你没有每天晚上哭着入眠，那你工作够努力了吗?”)”可知，奥黛丽·凯利感到羞愧，因为她觉得自己工作不够努力。故答案为That she felt she wasn’t working hard enough.
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many scientists like them have found that hobbies offer them a break from the stress of doing science. (许多像他们一样的科学家发现，业余爱好可以让他们从做科学的压力中解脱出来。)”可知，詹妮弗喜欢做乐高积木是为了缓解工作上的压力。故答案为To relieve stress at work
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Pastimes also lead to inspiration. (消遣也能带来灵感。)”可知，作者在第5段提到伽利略的故事是为了证明消遣也能带来灵感。故答案为To prove that pastimes also lead to inspiration.
【37题详解】
开放题。本题为开放题，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为Because one of the biggest benefits for me in pursuing hobbies is that they give the mind a rest from my study and I will study more efficiently.
四、翻译句子（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分）
请使用括号中所给的单词或词组的适当形式，将下面的句子翻译成英文，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
38. 他坚持要去拜访他的教授。（insist on）（汉译英）
【答案】He insisted on visiting his professor.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。insist on doing sth.坚持做某事。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为He insisted on visiting his professor.
39. 和他们保持联系对你来说很重要。（keep in touch with）（汉译英）
【答案】It’s important for you to keep in touch with them.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。keep in touch with保持联系。It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说……，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为It’s important for you to keep in touch with them.
40. 明天这个时候，我们正在公园里骑自行车。（cycle）（汉译英）
【答案】At this time tomorrow, we will be cycling in the park.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。at this time在这时候；in the park在公园里。根据时间状语At this time tomorrow可知，用将来进行时。根据句意，故翻译为At this time tomorrow, we will be cycling in the park.
41. 他建议明年雇用更多的工人。（suggest；employ）（汉译英）
【答案】He suggested employing more workers next year.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。suggest doing sth.建议做某事。next year明年，根据陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为He suggested employing more workers next year.
42. 他们是如何克服这个问题的还不得而知。（overcome；unknown）（汉译英）
【答案】How they overcame this problem is still unknown.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句和时态。分析原文可知，“他们是如何克服这个问题”可处理为主语从句，根据句意，用连接副词how引导该从句，其中“克服”是谓语动词，用动词overcome表示，从句陈述过去事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用overcame；“……还不得而知”是主句，可处理为系表结构，因主语是从句，系动词用单数，其中“不得而知”用形容词unknown表示，作表语，主句讲述现在情况，用一般现在时。综上，全句翻译为How they overcame this problem is still unknown.
43. 袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，他一生致力于农业。（devote）（汉译英）
【答案】Yuan Longping, one of the most famous scientists in China, devoted his life to agriculture.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。devote one’s life to献身于某事。陈述过去事实，用一般过去时。句中主语为Yuan Longping，“中国最著名的科学家之一”one of the most famous scientists in China作同位语。根据句意，故翻译为Yuan Longping, one of the most famous scientists in China, devoted his life to agriculture.
五、书面表达（10分）
44. 假设你是红星中学的李华。请根据你的英国笔友Jim的邮件给他回信。
Dear Li Hua,
I have read a lot of stories about people of achievement recently. I am really impressed by them. Speaking of people of achievement, who is the person you admire most? I want to know why you admire him/her most? How does he/she influence you?
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Jim
注意：1. 词数100字左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim，
I am glad to receive your e-mail and talk about the greatest person that I admire most.
I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, who not only discovered radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War. Besides, Madam Curie was not interested in fame or wealth at all, although she won the Nobel Prize twice.
In my opinion, great persons should be selfless, generous and active, for which they can really influence us.
What qualities do you think a great person should have? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇书面表达类应用文。要求考生向笔友Jim回一封邮件。谈论自己最崇拜的伟人、崇拜的原因及伟人是如何影响自己的。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：pleased→glad
钦佩；尊重：respect→admire
对……感兴趣：have an interest in/show interest in→be interested in
在我看来：as far as I am concerned→in my opinion
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, who not only discovered radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War.
拓展句：I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, because not only did she discover radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I admire Madam Curie the most, the greatest woman chemist in the world, who not only discovered radium, but also devoted her discovery to saving lots of injured soldiers during the First World War. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
In my opinion, great persons should be selfless, generous and active, for which they can really influence us. (运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
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