精品解析：广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版），共28页。

2022-2023 学年度第二学期
高二级英语科5月月考试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共10页，满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内的相应位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案超出指定区域的答案无效;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答卷无效。
第一部分(共85分)
一、听力理解：角色扮演(共8小题，每小题1分，满分8分)
情景介绍
角色：你是 Jane。
任务： (1) 与 Brown 谈论假期旅游的事情;
(2) 根据谈话内容回答另一同学的提问。
听对话，记录对话信息，对话播放一遍。
请翻译下列中文问句;每个问句后，听录音回答。每段回答播放两遍。
1. 你打算一个人去旅游吗?

2. 你将要在澳大利亚待多长时间?

3. 你认为暑假的时候旅游会影响你的学习吗?

根据你所听到的内容，请将5个问题的答案写在答题纸上。每个问题播放两遍。
Listen to Question1.
4.
Listen to Question 2.
5.
Listen to Question 3.
6.
Listen to Question 4.
7.
Listen to Question 5.
8.
二、单项选择(共12 小题，每小题1分，满分12 分)
1. I feel it is you as well as your wife that ______ for your son's bad performance at school.
A. are to blame B. is to be blamed
C. are to be blamed D. is to blame
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句中的主谓一致。句意：你儿子在学校成绩不好，我觉得你和你妻子都应该受到责备。as well as连接两个并列主语，谓语动词要和前一主语保持一致，因此be动词用are；动词blame不用被动语态，常用be to blame主动式表被动意义。故选A项。
2. I to make an apology to you earlier, but failed, because you meeting me since we last .
A. was intending; have avoided; quarreled B. intend; had avoided; have quarreled
C. intended; avoided; have quarreled D. had intended; have been avoiding; quarreled
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我本来打算早些时候向你道歉，但没有成功，因为自从我们上次吵架以来，你一直回避与我见面。第一空：结合句意表达“本打算做某事（但未做）”用had intended to do；第二空：结合语境和时间状语从句“since we last”可知，此处强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并很有可能会继续下去，故应用现在完成进行时；第三空：since“自从”引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时。综上，故选D。
3. is strongly recommended is that we should never trust such people always over-praise you to your face.
A. It; which B. As; that C. What; as D. It; who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：强烈建议的是，我们永远不要相信那些总是当面过分夸奖你的人。分析句子，is strongly recommended在句中作主语，需要一个连接词引导主语从句，引导词指代“推荐的事”，故用what；第二空中引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词people，people前有such修饰，引导词在从句中作主语，故使用as。故选C。
4. He left a job in the city to farming.
A. take over B. take down C. take up D. take in
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他辞去了城里的工作去务农。A. take over接管；B. take down写下；C. take up开始从事；D. take in吸收。根据句意，表示“开始从事”用take up。故选C。
5. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________ over 90 meters.
A. measured B. measuring C. measures D. is measured
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：这儿是如此潮湿，以至于树很高，一些高达90米。分析句子可知，so...that引导状语从句，在从句中，the trees are extremely tall是完整的句子，中间没有连词，说明后面是独立主格结构， some是逻辑主语，后面是非谓语动词做状语，measure后面接数词，表示：长，宽，高是多少的时候，measure是不及物动词，用现在分词。故选B。
6. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most were from Germany.
A. studying; of whom B. study; of whom
C. studying; of them D. study; of them
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：我听说有大约50名外国学生在学校学习中文，其中大部分来自德国。宾语从句中已有谓语动词are，故第一空应填非谓语动词作students的后置定语，study和students之间为为逻辑主动关系，用现在分词；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，表示“……的大部分”用most of，先行词students作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。故选A。
7. The outbreak of the pandemic led to thousands of people to hospital for treatment, the world to be in deep sorrow.
A. sent; which caused B. were sent; caused
C. sending; having caused D. being sent; causing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：疫情的爆发导致成千上万的人被送往医院接受治疗，使世界陷入深深的悲痛之中。动词短语lead to后接动名词作宾语，逻辑主语people和send之间为动宾关系，故应用动名词的被动式being done，作宾语，故第一空填being sent。句中谓语动词led to，且句中无连词，故空格二处应用非谓语动词，动词cause意为“造成”，句中表示由前半句而产生的自然而然的结果，第二空应用现在分词causing，作结果状语。故选D项。
8. If to very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf.
A. exposure B. exposed C. exposing D. being exposed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果每天都听很大声的音乐，年轻人可能会有失聪的风险。结合选项并分析句子结构，If引导一个条件状语从句，且从句中省略了主语和be动词。逻辑主语young people和动词expose之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词。expose...to...意为“使……暴露在……，使……接触……”。故选B。
9. The board considered it urgent that these invitations to the mail first thing tomorrow morning.
A. be attached B. must be attached
C. should have been attached D. would be attached
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：董事会认为，明天早上第一件事就是把这些邀请函附在邮件上。分析可知，句中it为形式宾语，urgent作宾补，that引导的句子作宾语（即that引导宾语从句）；consider作“认为”表示看法时其后宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语部分为“should+动原”，should可省，且attach和主语invitations之间为被动关系，因此空处填(should) be attached。故选A。
10. Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there.
A. was B. would have been C. would be D. had been
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动，以至于我觉得我好像在那里一样。此处考查as if引导的表语从句用虚拟语气，根据句意及句中felt可知，此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故选D项。
11. Which of the following is grammatically CORRECT?
A. Down did the vase fall, breaking into pieces.
B. On top of the mountain can be seen a monument clearly.
C. So naughty a boy he is that he has been labeled as a trouble maker.
D. Not until then had he realized the importance of obeying the traffic rules.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句。当表示位移的副词，如down，out，in等位于句首时，句子应全部倒装，将全部谓语提到主语之前，所以A项错误，正确形式为“Down fell the vase, breaking into pieces.”；当表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子应全部倒装，将全部谓语提到主语之前，所以B项正确；so...that...结构中，so及其修饰的部分位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，即将主句的助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主句的主语之前，所以C项错误，正确形式为“So naughty a boy is he that he has been labeled as a trouble maker.”；not until位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，且主句表示的动作发生在until表示的时间之后，D项中主句应用一般过去时，所以D项错误，正确形式为“Not until then did he realize the importance of obeying the traffic rules.”。故选B。
12. Hardly ________ the school gate when the bell ________ to ring.
A. I had reached, had begun B. I reached, began
C. had I reached, began D. did I reach,had begun
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和倒装。句意：我刚到学校门口，上课铃就响了。Hardly…when…表示“一……就……”，Hardly位于句首，主句要进行部分倒装，这一句型中常有两种时态：一是主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；二是主句用现在完成时，从句用一般现在时，故C项正确。
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Throughout the world, museums allow people to explore new cultures and topics through their collections and exhibitions. Check out this comprehensive list of the best museums and galleries throughout the world with one-of-a-kind displays that educate and inspire.
Musée D'Orsay in Paris
The Musée D'Orsay, once a railway station, houses an internationally famous collection of Impressionist art and other Western pieces from 1848 and 1914. Started in 1986, the white limestone walls are now home to some of the most notable artworks in France, like sculptures by Auguste Rodin and paintings by Paul Gauguin.
Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa in Cape Town
With the help of design firm Heatherwick Studio, the once century-old grain silo (谷粮仓) in the heart of Cape Town transformed into a museum which hosts international events and exhibitions to provide an intercultural look into the world of African art. Works from revolutionary artists such as Kudzanai Chiurai of Zimbabwe and Wangechi Mutu of Kenya decorate the nine floors of the museum.
Bangkok National Museum
The first national museum in Thailand, whose structures can date back to 1782, when they served as the palace of Prince Wang Na. Nearly 100 years later, the grounds were transformed into a museum with three differently themed galleries: a Thai History Gallery, an Archaeological and Art History collection, and a Decorative Arts and Ethnological Collection.
The National Palace Museum in Taipei
The National Palace Museum included artwork from the Ming and Qing dynasties. The permanent collection features nearly 700,000 pieces of imperial artifacts and includes calligraphic works by Tang Yin.
Click here for more information about this list.
13. If you take interest in Chinese traditional culture, which museum may you visit?
A. Musée D'Orsay in Paris. B. Bangkok National Museum.
C. The National Palace Museum in Taipei. D. Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa in Cape Town.
14. What do the first three museums have in common?
A. All used to have other uses. B. All are more than 100 years old.
C. All are redesigned by architects. D. All contain works by Western artists.
15. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A travel brochure. B. A local newspaper.
C. A cultural website. D. A business magazine.
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最好的几所博物馆。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题The National Palace Museum in Taipei中的内容“The National Palace Museum included artwork from the Ming and Qing dynasties. The permanent collection features nearly 700,000 pieces of imperial artifacts and includes calligraphic works by Tang Yin.(故宫博物院收藏了明清两代的艺术品。这批永久藏品包括近70万件皇家文物，包括唐寅的书法作品)”可知，故宫博物馆里主要展出了中国古代的艺术品。由此可知，如果对中国传统文化感兴趣，可以参观故宫博物馆。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个小标题下的首句“The Musée D'Orsay, once a railway station, houses an internationally famous collection of Impressionist art and other Western pieces from 1848 and 1914.(Musée D'Orsay，曾经是一个火车站，收藏着来自1848年和1914年的国际著名的印象派艺术和其他西方作品)”可知，The Musée D'Orsay曾经是一个火车站；根据第二个小标题下的首句“With the help of design firm Heatherwick Studio, the once century-old grain silo (谷粮仓) in the heart of Cape Town transformed into a museum which hosts international events and exhibitions to provide an intercultural look into the world of African art.(在设计公司Heatherwick Studio的帮助下，这个位于开普敦中心的曾经有一个世纪历史的粮仓变成了一个博物馆，举办国际活动和展览，为非洲艺术世界提供跨文化的视角)”可知，开普敦的非洲蔡茨当代艺术博物馆曾经是一个粮仓；根据第三个小标题下的首句“The first national museum in Thailand, whose structures can date back to 1782, when they served as the palace of Prince Wang Na.(泰国第一个国家博物馆，其建筑可以追溯到1782年，当时是王纳王子的宫殿)”可知，泰国国家博物馆曾经是太子的宫殿。由此可知，文章中前三个博物馆的共同之处是都曾经另作他用。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的首段“Throughout the world, museums allow people to explore new cultures and topics through their collections and exhibitions. Check out this comprehensive list of the best museums and galleries throughout the world with one-of-a-kind displays that educate and inspire.(在世界各地，博物馆通过收藏和展览让人们探索新的文化和主题。看看这个世界上最好的博物馆和画廊的综合列表，其中有独一无二的展览，具有教育和启发意义)”可知，本文主要接受几个世界著名的博物馆，内容与文化相关；根据最后一句“Click here for more information about this list.(有关此列表的更多信息，请单击此处)”可知，本文是来自于文化相关的网站。故选C。
B
As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.
Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself.
Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me.
16. What made the author want to leave her hometown?
A. Appeal of convenience in cities.
B. Her dream of becoming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against southerners.
D. Her desire for the northern accent.
17. How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother?
A. Upset. B. Pleased. C. Ashamed. D. Surprised.
18. Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent?
A. To prove herself right. B. To help Emily be a reporter.
C. To make herself influential. D. To protect Emily’s self-dignity.
19. What message does the text want to convey?
A. Stay true to your roots. B. Never do things by halves.
C. Hold on to your dreams. D. Never judge a person by his accent.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。
C
Scientists have solved a puzzle about modern humans, after research showed that a famous skull of a human ancestor found in South Africa is a million years older than experts thought. This discovery has changed what we know of human history.
The skull, which scientists have named “Mrs Ples”, is from an ape-like human relative from a species called Australopithecus africanus (南方古猿). It was found near Johannesburg in 1947 and, based on evidence from its surroundings, was thought to be between 2. 1 and 2. 6 million years old. This puzzled scientists, because although Mrs Ples looks like a possible early ancestor of early humans, the first true humans had already evolved by the time she apparently lived. For this reason, scientists had decided that Australopithecus afarensis, a similar species from East Africa that lived about 3.5 million years ago, was our most likely ancestor instead.
To get a more accurate age for Mrs Ples, a team led by Professor Darryl Granger of Purdue University in Indiana, US, used a new method to date the sandy rocks where the skull lay. They measured the amount of certain chemicals in rocks, which form at a steady rate when they are exposed to cosmic rays (宇宙射线) on Earth’s surface. Once rocks are buried, these chemicals stop forming and slowly disappear;the surviving amount reveals how much time has passed since the rock (or bones) were on the surface.
The new study shows that Mrs Ples and other australopithecine bones nearby are between 3.4 and 3.7 million years old. This means they lived at the same time as their East African relatives, so that either group could have given rise to modern humans. However, team member Dr Laurent Bruxelles pointed out that over millions of years, at only 2,500 miles away, these groups had plenty of time to travel and to breed with each other. In other words, the groups could quite easily have met, had children together and both been part of the history of modern humans.
20. What can we learn about Mrs Ples from the first two paragraphs?
A. It is a skull found in East Africa.
B. It is the most possible ancestor of humans.
C. It is a million years older than scientists expected.
D It is proved to live between 2.1 and 2.6 million years ago.
21. How did scientists get the accurate age of “Mrs Ples”?
A. By studying the effect of cosmic rays.
B. By calculating the forming rate of chemicals.
C. By locating the sandy rocks where the skull lay.
D. By measuring the surviving amount of chemicals.
22. What can we infer from the new study?
A. Modern humans came into being in East Africa.
B. Mrs Ples travelled and had children with East African relatives.
C. The history of modern humans might begin 3.5 million years ago.
D. Ape-like species from Africa could have interacted with each other.
23. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Historical Puzzle Unsolved B. Ancestor Mystery Solved
C. Mrs Ples: The Earliest Human Being D. Mrs Ples: A Famous Skull
【答案】20. C 21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家们解开了一个关于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早100万年。这一发现改变了我们对人类历史的认识。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Scientists have solved a puzzle about modern humans, after research showed that a famous skull of a human ancestor found in South Africa is a million years older than experts thought.(科学家们解开了一个关于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早100万年)”和第二段的“The skull, which scientists have named “Mrs Ples”(这个被科学家命名为“Ples夫人”的头骨)”可知，“Ples夫人”比科学家预期的要早100万年。故选C。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“They measured the amount of certain chemicals in rocks, which form at a steady rate when they are exposed to cosmic rays on Earth’s surface.(他们测量了岩石中某些化学物质的含量，当它们暴露在地球表面的宇宙射线中时，这些化学物质会以稳定的速度形成)”可知，科学家通过测量化学物质的含量来得到“Ples夫人”的准确年龄。故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In other words, the groups could quite easily have met, had children together and both been part of the history of modern humans.(换句话说，这两个群体很容易相遇，一起生儿育女，都是现代人类历史的一部分)”可知，我们能从这项新研究中推断出来自非洲的类人猿物种可能相互交流。故选D。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Scientists have solved a puzzle about modern humans, after research showed that a famous skull of a human ancestor found in South Africa is a million years older than experts thought.(科学家们解开了一个关于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早100万年)”可知，本文主要讲的是科学家们解开了一个关于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早100万年，因此最好的题目是B选项“Ancestor Mystery Solved(祖先之谜已解)”。故选B。
D
Poison frogs across Central and South America display some of the brightest colors in the animal kingdom. The way such creatures evolved to be just colorful enough to signal their toxic (有毒的) defense-but not so colorful that they become vulnerable to predators (捕食者) — has long been a grey area for scientists. Initially, predators would not have known that bright colors signal toxicity, and therefore would have eaten, and then become ill-these easily-spotted few members of a species with the colorful mutation (突变). In theory, this should make it virtually impossible for the aposematic (防护色的) pioneers to pass on their genes to their offspring, allowing for the mutation to take hold in the population.
To get to the bottom of this dilemma, Karl Loeffler Henry, a researcher at Carleton University launched the new study. Loeffler Henry’s team pored over data from the family trees of 1,100 species of frogs, newts and salamanders, and categorized them into one of five groups. On one end of range are the creatures with bright blues, yellows and reds. On the other are species that blend in perfectly with their surroundings. Between these poles, the scientists place species with camouflaged (伪装的) tops and colorful bottoms in various degrees. These tend to display their dramatic halves only when trying to defend themselves from predators.
The team used nine different computer models to test the potential evolutionary routes the species in the bright aposematic group might have taken to evolve this way. In the end, the researchers realized that they all kind of followed a similar pattern, evolving from species in the middle of that range, those whose colors are hidden unless in danger.
There have also been other theories proposed, but this new theory presents a mechanism that is likely to play a role in the evolution of anti-predator defense in various prey groups and a wide range of different predators. Possibly, it might inspire the exploration of evolution of warning coloration in other animal groups as well.
24. What remained unclear to scientists in the past?
A. How the proper shades of the colors are evolved.
B. How these creatures signal their toxic defence.
C. Which colors are better at scaring predators away.
D. Which creatures are at higher risk of being eaten.
25. What do the underlined words “this dilemma” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A The predators clearly knew about the toxicity but still feed on them.
B. The first colorful members have bright colors but can avoid predators.
C. The first colorful members were eaten but the mutation was passed on.
D. The predators became seriously ill but their population continued to boom.
26. What do we know about the new study?
A. The colors of all those species were either bright or grey.
B. The aposematic group evolved by following nine routes.
C. The researchers observed these different species in the wild.
D. The origin of the evolution turned out to be the hidden colors.
27. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Other theories of the evolution. B. Other animals’ evolution routes.
C. The drawbacks of the study. D. The significance of the study.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家研究毒蛙为何能把颜色进化出来，介绍了研究开展的过程以及其意义。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The way such creatures evolved to be just colorful enough to signal their toxic (有毒的) defense-but not so colorful that they become vulnerable to predators (捕食者) — has long been a grey area for scientists.(对科学家来说，这些生物的进化方式一直是一个灰色地带，它们的颜色足以表明它们的有毒防御，但又不会太过鲜艳，以至于容易受到捕食者的攻击)”可知，过去科学家还不清楚的是正确的颜色深浅是如何进化的。故选A。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Initially, predators would not have known that bright colors signal toxicity, and therefore would have eaten, and then become ill-these easily-spotted few members of a species with the colorful mutation (突变). In theory, this should make it virtually impossible for the aposematic (防护色的) pioneers to pass on their genes to their offspring, allowing for the mutation to take hold in the population.(起初，捕食者不知道鲜艳的颜色是有毒的信号，因此会吃了之后生病——这些很容易被发现的少数带有彩色突变的物种成员。从理论上讲，这应该使先驱者几乎不可能将他们的基因传递给后代，从而使突变在种群中占据主导地位)”可知，亮丽的颜色成为警戒色是这些天敌在试误后得到的教训, 但既然这些有着亮丽颜色的生物被吃掉了, 那从理论上讲就不可能把这个突变的基因传给后代了，但是却传了下来，故this dilemma指的是“第一批颜色鲜艳的成员被吃掉了，但是突变遗传了下去”。故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In the end, the researchers realized that they all kind of followed a similar pattern, evolving from species in the middle of that range, those whose colors are hidden unless in danger.(最后，研究人员意识到它们都遵循类似的模式，从这个范围的中间物种进化而来，这些物种的颜色是隐藏的，除非处于危险之中)”可知，进化的起源起初是隐藏的颜色。故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There have also been other theories proposed, but this new theory presents a mechanism that is likely to play a role in the evolution of anti-predator defense in various prey groups and a wide range of different predators. Possibly, it might inspire the exploration of evolution of warning coloration in other animal groups as well.(也有人提出了其他理论，但这个新理论提出了一种机制，可能在各种猎物群体和各种不同捕食者的反捕食者防御进化中发挥作用。也许，这也会启发我们探索其他动物群体中警告色的进化)”可知，最后一段主要讲研究的意义。故选D。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I have been lucky enough to be right next to dolphins playing in perfect surf, using the power of the waves to travel even faster than they normally swim. ___28___ Though I can’t swim like a dolphin, I can experience this same fun when bodysurfing.
Bodysurfing involves riding on a wave with no help from any buoyant device such as a surfboard, which makes it the “purest” form of surfing. ___29___
Nevertheless, it is more enjoyable-and safer if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). This is because they enable you to swim faster, and so catch waves and surf along them more easily. A wetsuit is also advisable unless you are bodysurfing in tropical seas. Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to generate more speed along the wave. ___30___
To catch a wave, swim to where the waves break and as one approaches, start swimming towards the beach. ___31___ If you do it correctly, you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards. Then try and cut along the surface of the wave.
___32___ However, it does have its own unofficial world championship-the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic held each year at the legendary Banzai Pipeline in Hawaii. Local bodysurfers compete against athletes from places such as Australia, Brazil, Japan or France, in terrifying walls of water above the razor-sharp coral reef. Famous bodyboarder Mike Stewart has won the event no fewer than 12 times, and Kelly Slater, the greatest surfer in history has also competed.
For me no other sport is as much fun as bodysurfing. There’s a good reason why dolphins choose not to use surfboards!
A. Bodysurfing is not a professional sport.
B. These are frowned on by purists, however.
C. There is no doubt they are enjoying themselves.
D. You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave.
E. For quicker rides, search for peaky waves that break easily and effectively
F. By bodysurfing, you’ll come to comprehend waves on an unheard-of level.
G. In fact, it is one of very few extreme sports that can be practised using nothing but the human body.
【答案】28. C 29. G 30. B 31. D 32. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项体育运动——身体冲浪。
28题详解】
由后文“Though I can’t swim like a dolphin, I can experience this same fun when bodysurfing.(虽然我不能像海豚一样游泳，但我可以在身体冲浪时体验同样的乐趣)”可知，作者和海豚获得了同样的乐趣。结合though推知空处内容与后文为转折关系，指出海豚游泳时非常开心。C项There is no doubt they are enjoying themselves.(毫无疑问，它们玩得很开心)符合文意，其中they和上文dolphins对应，enjoying themselves和下文fun对应。故选C项。
【29题详解】
由前文“Bodysurfing involves riding on a wave with no help from any buoyant device such as a surfboard, which makes it the “purest” form of surfing.(身体冲浪是指在没有任何漂浮装置（如冲浪板）帮助的情况下，在波浪上冲浪，这是“最纯粹”的冲浪形式)”可知，作者在这里解释什么是身体冲浪，G项In fact, it is one of very few extreme sports that can be practised using nothing but the human body.(事实上，这是极少数只使用人体就可以练习的极限运动之一)符合文意，其中using nothing but the human body和上文 with no help from any buoyant device对应，本句对身体冲浪进一步解释。故选G项。
【30题详解】
由上文“Nevertheless, it is more enjoyable-and safer if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). This is because they enable you to swim faster, and so catch waves and surf along them more easily. A wetsuit is also advisable unless you are bodysurfing in tropical seas. Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to generate more speed along the wave.(尽管如此，如果你使用脚蹼（大号平底橡胶鞋），它会更有趣、更安全。这是因为它们能让你游得更快，所以更容易捕捉海浪并沿着海浪冲浪。除非你在热带海域进行身体冲浪，否则潜水服也是可取的。另一个辅助工具是一个手板，一个大约有熨斗大小的迷你冲浪板，用一只手握住，以沿着海浪产生更大的速度)”可知，这里主要讲借助外物进行身体冲浪，B项These are frowned on by purists, however.(然而，这些都遭到了纯粹主义者的反对)符合文意，其中These代指上面借助外物的方法。故选B项。
【31题详解】
由后文“If you do it correctly, you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards. (如果你做得正确，你会感觉到海浪把你举起来，推动你前进)”可知，这里在讲怎样用身体冲浪，D项You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave.(你必须设法以与海浪相同的速度旅行)符合语境，且这句和后文 do it correctly对应。故选D项。
【32题详解】
由后文“However, it does have its own unofficial world championship-the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic held each year at the legendary Banzai Pipeline in Hawaii. (然而，它确实有自己的非官方世界锦标赛——每年在夏威夷传奇的Banzai Pipeline举行的Pipeline冲浪经典赛)”可知，这里讲在夏威夷举行冲浪赛，A项Bodysurfing is not a professional sport.(身体冲浪不是一项职业运动)符合语境，与后文However后的内容形成转折关系。故选A项。
四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。
I woke up with only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A billion thoughts ____33____ through my brain as wooden hangers moved back and forth. It was my first day of high school in a new state.
It wasn’t insecurity that ____34____ me to madness but the fact that this was my third time being the new kid. But this time dad’s company ____35____ my starting and finishing high school in the same place.
I emerged proudly in a patterned dress after riding (扫荡) my closet. I felt just as ____36____ as I stepped off the bus. But my jaw ____37____ to the floor when I found Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, wearing the same dress as I did. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant ____38____ in front of the class, and ____39____ it was my turn. I made it through my minute speech, until Hutfilz stood up, ____40____ adding she liked my style. All the anxiety that had accumulated surprisingly ____41____. My smile ____42____ as I giggled with my peers. After class, I shared with Mrs. Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state. I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine ____43____ with my teacher in the coming days.
This incident ____44____ me that these are the times to have fun, and make memories, not stress about the unimportant details. Looking back, the ten minutes I spent ____45____ my speech were really not worth it. ____46____ my first period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would, Mrs. Hutfilz’s great sense of ____47____ certainly made the day unforgettable in the best way.
33. A. raced B. broke C. forced D. crashed
34. A. related B. attracted C. drove D. switched
35. A. ensured B. admitted C. reflected D. deserved
36. A. nervous B. doubtful C. competent D. confident
37. A. dropped B. cracked C. broke D. burst
38. A. introductions B. performances C. lectures D. debates
39. A. on occasion B. soon enough C. no wonder D. in fact
40. A. casually B. seriously C. honestly D. jokingly
41. A. held up B. melted away C. passed down D. carried on
42. A. froze B. faded C. grew D. formed
43. A. connection B. adjustment C. commitment D. negotiation
44. A. advocated B. persuaded C. informed D. reminded
45. A. doubting B. fearing C. withdrawing D. regretting
46. A. Until B. Since C. While D. If
47. A. duty B. honor C. gratitude D. style
【答案】33. A 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在开学第一天穿了和老师一样的裙子，非常担心和紧张，结果老师开玩笑说喜欢作者的风格，让作者的焦虑消失了。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当木制衣架来回移动时，十亿个想法在我的脑海里闪过。A. raced比赛，剧烈的跳动；B. broke打破；C. forced迫使；D. crashed坠毁。根据后文“through my brain”指作者脑海里闪过许多想法，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不是不安全感把我逼疯了，而是这是我第三次当新人了。A. related联系；B. attracted吸引；C. drove驾驶；D. switched转变。根据后文“me to madness”表示“把某人逼疯”应用drive sb. to madness。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这次爸爸的陪伴确保我在同一个地方开始和完成高中学业。A. ensured确保；B. admitted承认；C. reflected反射；D. deserved值得。根据后文“my starting and finishing high school in the same place”指父亲的陪伴确保作者在同一个地方开始和完成高中学业。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我走下公共汽车时，我同样感到自信。A. nervous紧张的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. competent能干的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“I emerged proudly in a patterned dress after riding my closet.”可知作者一开始非常自信。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我发现我的英语老师哈菲兹太太穿着和我一样的衣服时，我惊呆了。A. dropped落下；B. cracked砸开；C. broke打开；D. burst爆发。根据后文“to the floor when I found Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, wearing the same dress as I did”可知，作者看到自己和老师穿着一样的裙子，惊呆了，应用jaw drop to the floor，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直低着头，蹑手蹑脚地走到座位上，但第一天意味着要在全班同学面前做自我介绍，很快就轮到我了。A. introductions介绍；B. performances表现；C. lectures演讲；D. debates辩论。根据上文“but the first day meant”以及常识，上学第一天要做自我介绍。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我一直低着头，蹑手蹑脚地走到座位上，但第一天意味着要在全班同学面前做自我介绍，很快就轮到我了。A. on occasion偶尔；B. soon enough很快；C. no wonder难怪；D. in fact实际上。根据后文“it was my turn”指很快就轮到作者了。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完成了我的演讲，直到哈菲尔兹站了起来，开玩笑地补充说她喜欢我的风格。A. casually随意地；B. seriously严肃地；C. honestly诚实地；D. jokingly玩笑地。根据后文“adding she liked my style”可知老师看到作者和自己穿着一样的裙子，所以是开作者玩笑。故选D。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有累积起来的焦虑都令人惊讶地消失了。A. held up举起；B. melted away消失；C. passed down传递；D. carried on继续。根据上文“All the anxiety that had accumulated surprisingly”可知老师的玩笑让作者的焦虑消失了，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和同伴们一起咯咯地笑时，我的笑容越来越浓。A. froze冻结；B. faded褪色；C. grew生长；D. formed形成。根据后文“as I giggled with my peers”指作者的焦虑消失，和同伴在一起笑容也越来越浓。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的日子里，我与我的老师建立了幽默而真诚的联系，这让我松了一口气。A. connection联系；B. adjustment调整；C. commitment承诺；D. negotiation协商。根据前后文语境“I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine…with my teacher”指作者和老师建立联系，应用make a connection with。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件事提醒我，现在是享受时候，是创造回忆的时候，而不是强调不重要的细节。A. advocated提倡；B. persuaded说服；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“me that these are the times to have fun, and make memories”可知这件事提醒了作者，现在是享受的时候，是创造回忆的时候，故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我花了十分钟担心我的演讲真的不值得。A. doubting怀疑；B. fearing恐惧；C. withdrawing取出；D. regretting后悔。呼应上文“I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat”指作者当时担心自己的演讲表现。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的第一段高中生活可能并不像我想象的那样，但哈菲兹夫人的时尚品味确实让那一天难以忘怀。A. Until直到；B. Since自从；C. While虽然；D. If如果。根据后文“my first period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would”可知，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的第一段高中生活可能并不像我想象的那样，但哈菲兹夫人的时尚品味确实让那一天难以忘怀。A. duty义务；B. honor荣誉；C. gratitude感激；D. style风格。呼应上文“she liked my style”指哈菲兹夫人的时尚品味。故选D。
第二部分(共65分)(其中书写分5分+口试5分)
五、单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
请用 B7U1-U2、NCEL6 所学的单词及词测易错题填空(按中文释义、英文释义+首字母或同根词写出单词的形式)
56-60题：请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
48. He d_________(to say sth. officially or publicly) that he would put humans on Mars in less than a decade. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】declared##eclared

【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：他宣布，他将在不到十年的时间里把人类送上火星。空处为主句谓语动词，根据首字母和英语提示，动词declare“宣布”符合题意，结合从句为过去将来时可知主句用一般过去时。故填declared。
49. Their solutions need j_________(involving two or more people together) efforts of the public and private sectors. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】joint##oint
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些问题的解决需要公共和私营部门的共同努力。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据括号内信息提示，表示“联合的，共同的”用joint。故填joint。
50. During peak hours, you can hear the horns of taxis b_________(to make a loud unpleasant noise) all over the city. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】blaring##laring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在高峰时间，你可以听到出租车的喇叭声响彻整个城市。根据英文提示，to make a loud unpleasant noise意为“发出令人不愉快的噪音”，根据首字母，可表达为动词blare，意为“发出响而刺耳的声音”，此处为非谓语动词，blare与逻辑主语the horns of taxis之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词，作补语。故填blaring。
51. We believe he is a man of i_________(the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles), and trust his words completely. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】integrity##ntegrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们相信他是一个正直的人，完全相信他的话。空处应填名词作宾语，结合首字母和英语提示可知，integrity“正直”符合题意，抽象概念不可数。故填integrity。
52. Mr Smith is strict, but always s_________(honest and open) and fair. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】sincere##incere

【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：史密斯先生很严格，但总是很真诚和公正。根据并列连词and后形容词fair可知，用形容词作表语。根据首字母和英文提示“honest and open(诚实开放)”可知，sincere“真诚的”符合句意，故填sincere。
61-65 题：根据括号内的单词填入单词的正确形式。
53. Peacekeeping soldiers had_________(temporary) closed the border between the two countries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】temporarily

【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：维和士兵暂时关闭了两国之间的边界。分析句子，设空处使用temporary的副词temporarily作状语，修饰动词closed，意为“临时地”。故填temporarily。
54. Accidents on that highway are happening with increasing ________ (frequent). (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】frequency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在那条高速路上，事故以增加的频率在发生。分析可知空格处的词作介词 with的宾语，要用名词。故填frequency。
55. Organize your goals based on two criteria — the degree of_________ (urge) and importance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】urgency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据两个标准来组织你的目标——紧急程度和重要程度。根据and后的importance可知，and连接并列结构，前后形式应一致，所以空处应用名词。根据句意，这里表示紧急程度，应用urgency，意为“紧急，紧迫”，为不可数名词。故填urgency。
56. The 26 th Shenzhen Universiade (大运会) was_________ (grand) opened on August12 th. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】grandly

【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：8月12日，第26届深圳世界大学生运动会隆重开幕。修饰谓语动词was opened应用副词grandly，表示“盛大地，隆重地”。故填grandly。
57. Art experts have appealed for the_________(suspend) of plans to restore one of Leonardo da Vinci’s most celebrated paintings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】suspension
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：艺术专家呼吁暂停修复列奥纳多·达·芬奇最著名画作之一的计划。作介词的宾语，应用名词suspension，抽象概念，不可数。故填suspension。
66-70题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
58. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men_________(爬行) into the car and it soon disappeared in the darkness. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】scrambled
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：突袭在三分钟内就结束了，因为这些人爬上车，车很快就消失在黑暗中。for后跟的是表示原因的句子，所以空处作谓语，应用动词。根据汉语提示和空后的into，这里应用不及物动词scramble“（迅速而吃力地）爬”。根据句中的was和disappeared，这里应用一般过去时。故填scrambled。
59. Thailand is a_________(首要的；最著名的) holiday destination, attracting tourists from all over the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】premier
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：泰国是首屈一指的度假胜地，吸引着来自世界各地的游客。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“首要的”用premier。故填premier。
60. It is impossible to_________ (预测，推测) what influence he had on her life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】predict
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：无法预测他对她的生活产生了什么影响。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词predict“预测，推测”符合题意，根据句型it is+adj.+to do“做某事是……的”可知，空处应填动词原形。故填predict。
61. Children have a remarkable_________(能力) to learn languages. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】ability

【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们有非凡的语言学习能力。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，名词ability符合题意，做宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式，ability to do sth.“做……的能力”。故填ability。
62. This model is technically_________ (更好的；占优势的) to its competitors. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】superior
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这种型号在技术上优于竞争对手。根据空前的 technically并结合汉语提示，这里应用形容词superior，作表语。be superior to意为“比……更好、占优势”。故填superior。
六、短语填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
请用 B7U1-U2、NCEL6、Coconut Chapter1-3 所学的短语填空。
63. She is ________________(深情地凝视着) her newborn baby. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】gazing affectionately at
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她深情地注视着她刚出生的婴儿。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句子表述现在正在发生的动作用现在进行时。表示“深情地”用affectionately；表示“凝视”用gaze at。故填gazing affectionately at。
64. ________________(追赶) the bus, she dropped her phone and it shattered on the ground. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Catching up with
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在赶上公交车的时候，她的手机掉在了地上，摔得粉碎。分析句子，句中dropped为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。表示“追赶”用catch up with，句中she与catch之间为主动关系且表示伴随发生，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Catching up with。
65. He decided to quit stealing and start a small business to________________(正当地谋生). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】earn an honest living
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：他决定不再偷窃，开始做小生意去正当地谋生。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语，与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“正当地谋生”用earn an honest living。故填earn an honest living。
66. When she saw her daughter’s report card, she________________(眉开眼笑). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】beamed with pleasure
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当她看到女儿的成绩单时，她眉开眼笑。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，表示“眉开眼笑”用beam with pleasure。根据前文的saw，可知动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故填beamed with pleasure。
67. The thief________________(侥幸逃脱) the diamond necklace from the jewelry store last night. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】had a narrow escape
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：小偷昨晚侥幸从珠宝店偷走了钻石项链。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“侥幸逃脱”用have a narrow escape。故填had a narrow escape。
68. The durability of the new material________________(检测；测试) in various weather conditions in the last few months. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】has been tested
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致、动词的时态和语态。句意：在过去的几个月里，这种新材料在各种天气条件下进行了耐久性测试。分析句子结构，空处作句子的谓语，应用动词。结合汉语提示，应用及物动词test。主语为The durability of the new material，和动词test之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且谓语应用单数形式。根据时间状语“in the last few months”，本句应用现在完成时。故填has been tested。
69. She decided to switch to Chinese literature after________________(主修) chemistry for two years. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】majoring in
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。句意：在主修化学两年后，她决定转到中国文学。major in意为“主修”。空前有介词after，所以这里应用动名词作介词的宾语。故填majoring in。
70. I was about to tell you that I________________(将和……约定) my dentist at 9 o’clock tomorrow. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】have an appointment with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我正要告诉你我明天9点和我的牙医有个约会。根据汉语提示可知短语为have an appointment with，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用原形。故填have an appointment with。
71. Potatoes________________(土生土长) Europe, but are often mistaken for coming from South America. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】are indigenous to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：马铃薯原产于欧洲，但常被误认为是来自南美洲。分析句子，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“土生土长”用be indigenous to，句子的主语为potatoes，为复数。故填are indigenous to
72. But for the help of the kind policeman, we wouldn’t________________(找到……的路) to the hotel in the foreign city. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】have found the way to
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和固定短语。句意：要不是那位好心的警察的帮助，我们在这个外国城市里根本找不到去旅馆的路。find the way to...意为“找到……的路”，为固定短语。本句中But for引出了含蓄虚拟条件，且表示对过去的虚拟，所以句子的谓语应用wouldn’t have done的形式。故填have found the way to。
七、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Grain Buds, or Xiaoman, the ____73____ (eight) of the 24 solar terms of a year, usually falls on May 21,marking the ____74____ (arrive) of hot summer and downpours.
Just like its English name “ Grain Buds”, Xiaoman is a period of time when the grains are about to ripen but are not quite there yet, ____75____ is also referred to as the waterfall in the southern area of China. If the rainfall is sufficient, the following season of rice planting ____76____ (guarantee). When it arrives, rainfall increases across the country and temperature ____77____ (gap) between north and south narrow. During the period, waves of wheat are bright, pomegranate are red as fires, and lotus buds stand upright, ____78____ (create) a charming early summer scene.
The flavor (气味) for this period of time combines sweet and bitterness. Cherry with sweet and juicy taste is ____79____ (definite) the best choice for the beginning of summer. Bitter herbs, rich in diversified vitamins and mineral substances, are ____80____ must during the summer period.
Xiaoman, always used ____81____ a metaphor for the best state of life in Chinese culture, _____82_____ (indicate) we should maintain a constant state of balance in the character and attitude towards life.
【答案】73. eighth
74. arrival
75. which 76. will be guaranteed
77. gaps 78. creating
79. definitely
80. a 81. as
82. indicates
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的小满，介绍了小满的象征意义以及所孕育的生活态度。
【73题详解】
考查序数词。句意：谷蕾，或称小满，是二十四节气中的第八节气，通常在5月21日，标志着炎热的夏季和暴雨的到来。根据下文的“of the 24 solar terms of a year”可知，空处指的是第八个节气，所以用序数词形式。故填eighth。
74题详解】
考查名词。句意：谷蕾，或称小满，是二十四节气中的第八节气，通常在5月21日，标志着炎热的夏季和暴雨的到来。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处为名词形式。故填arrival。
【75题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：小满，就像它的英文名字“谷蕾”一样，是指谷物即将成熟但尚未成熟的时期，也被称为中国南方的瀑布。句中先行词为“a period of time”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【76题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果雨量充足，下一季的水稻种植就有保障。if引导的从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时；主语the following season of rice planting和guarantee之间存在被动关系，所以空处为一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be guaranteed。
【77题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：当它到来时，全国的降雨量增加，南北之间的温度差距缩小。本句为一般现在时，根据本句的谓语动词narrow可知，主语为复数形式。故填gaps。
【78题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一时期，麦浪如潮，石榴红如火，荷花挺拔，创造了景色迷人的初夏场景。表示主句一句话所带来的自然而然的结果，所以用v-ing形式，作结果状语。故填creating。
【79题详解】
考查副词。句意：香甜多汁的樱桃绝对是初夏的最佳选择。修饰整个句子，用副词形式。故填definitely。
【80题详解】
考查冠词。句意：苦中草药富含多种维生素和矿物质，是夏季的必备品。must为名词时，表示“一件必须做的事情或必备品”，为可数名词，且以辅音音素开头，所以其前用不定冠词a。故填a。
【81题详解】
考查介词。句意：在中国文化中，“小满”常被比喻为一种最好的生活状态，它表明我们应该在性格和生活态度上保持一种恒定的平衡状态。固定短语：be used as“被当做……”。故填as。
【82题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在中国文化中，“小满”常被比喻为一种最好的生活状态，它表明我们应该在性格和生活态度上保持一种恒定的平衡状态。根据上下文可知，空处为一般现在时；主语Xiaoman为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填indicates。
八、书面表达(满分15分+5分书写分)
83. 随着科技越来越与人类生活相结合，随处可见的人工智能，让生活越发便利的同时也带来一些问题。你校英文报最近举办以“AI And Humans”为主题的科技节征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.简要描述人工智能的发展状况；
2.陈述人工智能给人类生活带来的利与弊并表明个人态度。
注意：1.词数120左右(开头已给出，不算入总词数)；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
In the last few decades, the development of Artificial Intelligence has gone far beyond people’s imagination. ...
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】one possible version:
In the last few decades, the development of Artificial Intelligence has gone far beyond people’s imagination. Robots are used to do heavy labor in the factories or to conduct the task impossible for humans, and people can chat with a virtual person online. The appearance of AI has greatly influenced our life.
On the one hand, AI can bring a lot of convenience to our life and work, by replacing us humans in some physical activities. Also, AI can be made to think like a human, helping deal with some difficult problems that humans can’t figure out with their brains. On the other hand, AI has potential dangers. For example, it is often reported that AI takes complete control of an automobile and the driver can’t stop it, leading to an accident.
As far as I’m concerned, there are more advantages than disadvantages for AI. With the help of AI, people have a chance of revealing many scientific myths and finding the cure of many diseases.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放型作文，要求考生写一篇短文投稿，描述人工智能的发展状况，陈述人工智能给人类生活带来的利与弊并表明个人态度。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
执行：conduct→ carry out
影响：influence→ have an influence on
处理：deal with→ cope with
掌控：take control of→ control
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On the one hand, AI can bring a lot of convenience to our life and work, by replacing us humans in some physical activities.
拓展句：On the one hand, AI can replace us humans in some physical activities so that it will bring a lot of convenience to our life and work.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Also, AI can be made to think like a human, helping deal with some difficult problems that humans can’t figure out with their brains.(使用了不定式作主语补足语、现在分词短语作伴随状语和that引导定语从句)
【高分句型2】For example, it is often reported that AI takes complete control of an automobile and the driver can’t stop it, leading to an accident.(使用了it is reported that…句型和现在分词短语作结果状语)