精品解析：甘肃省兰州市等2地兰州市第二十七中学等4校一模英语试题

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甘肃省第一次高考诊断考试
英语
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
考生注意：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Rugby World Cup 2023
Want to see England and Wales at Rugby World Cup France 2023? Join Gullivers Sports Travel who is offering a fantastic package to take in both England v Japan and Wales v Qualifier (预选赛) Winner in an action packed weekend in Nice.
Day One-Arrive in Nice
Check-in at London Gatwick or Birmingham for your flight to Nice. On arrival we will transfer you by coach to your hotel where you can check in for a three-night stay for Rugby World Cup France 2023.
Day Two-Match Day
Today sees Wales play the Qualifier Winner. Kick off is at 17:45 local time.
Day Three-Match Day
Today sees England play Japan. Kick off is at 21:00 local time.
Day Four-Return to the UK
Check out of your hotel this morning. We will transfer you by coach to the airport for your return flight to your chosen departure airport.
Official Travel Agent:
Gulliver Sports Travel is an Official Travel Agent for Rugby World Cup France 2023. They have taken over 50,000 supporters to follow their teams since the very first Rugby World Cup back in 1987 and this will be the eighth official appointment for a Rugby World Cup.
Price:£ 2,199 per person
Departure: September 15,2023
Price Includes
√Airport transfers
√Three nights’ accommodation
√Official Match tickets for England v Japan
√Official Match tickets for Wales v Qualifier Winner
√Return flights from Stansted or Gatwick or Birmingham to Nice
1. How many nights will people stay in Nice?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
2. How much will a couple pay for the package?
A. £ 2,199. B. £ 4,398. C. £ 4,418. D. £ 6,597.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A course plan.
B. An academic article.
C. A popular magazine.
D. A chemistry textbook.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于格列佛体育旅游的广告，参加该旅游项目可以观看2023年法国橄榄球世界杯上的英格兰和威尔士比赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第一栏内容“Check-in at London Gatwick or Birmingham for your flight to Nice. On arrival we will transfer you by coach to your hotel where you can check in for a three-night stay for Rugby World Cup France 2023.(在伦敦盖特威克机场或伯明翰办理飞往尼斯的登机手续。抵达后，我们将用车将您送到您的酒店，在那里您可以在2023年法国橄榄球世界杯期间入住三晚)”可知，游客会在尼斯居住三晚。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Price:£ 2,199 per person(价格：每人2199英镑)”可知，一对夫妻夫妻参加旅游团应支付4398（2*2199）英镑。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Want to see England and Wales at Rugby World Cup France 2023? Join Gullivers Sports Travel who is offering a fantastic package to take in both England v Japan and Wales v Qualifier (预选赛) Winner in an action packed weekend in Nice.(想看2023年法国橄榄球世界杯上的英格兰和威尔士吗?加入格列佛体育旅游，他们将在尼斯的周末提供精彩的英格兰对日本和威尔士对预选赛冠军的比赛套餐)”以及下文对每天的安排，价格，路线等的介绍推知，本文最有可能来自一本流行杂志。故选C。
B
Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. You can do this in a virtual choir. Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video. These videos are uploaded onto the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online—a virtual choir. Anyone can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere—all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection. A virtual choir enables people to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. He fell in love with Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university choir. Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.“ Over ten years after his graduation, Whitacre’s original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. This led to the creation of the virtual choir.
In 2009,Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance. His first virtual choir, “Lux Aurumque”, had 198 singers from 12 different countries. It has received millions of views on the Internet. Since then, the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon. Whitacre’s next effort was the virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF, which was first seen on stage on 23 July 2014 in the UK. Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre’s song “What If”.
The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice and thus make the world a better place.
4. Which of the following is a virtual choir?
A. Many members performing on their own.
B. Hundreds of people singing together on a stage.
C. Many people singing online together at the same time.
D. Individual singing videos combined into one on the Internet.
5. What resulted in the appearance of the virtual choir?
A. The popularity of Whitacre’s composition.
B. The encouragement of Whitacre’s professor.
C. Whitacre’s desire of being a famous composer.
D. Whitacre’s love for communication with others.
6. What can we learn about Whitacre’s first virtual choir?
A. He had thousands of his fans make videos.
B. He joined nearly two hundred videos together.
C. He made his first virtual choir on stage in the UK.
D. He asked a girl to sing his work to make it popular.
7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To advertise Whitacre’s music composition.
B. To introduce the influence of the virtual choir.
C. To persuade people to join Whitacre’s choir team.
D. To appeal to netizens to compose their own music.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了虚拟合唱团的诞生，以及对世界的积极影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video. These videos are uploaded onto the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online—a virtual choir. (虚拟唱诗班成员在独自表演时录下自己的视频。这些视频被上传到互联网上，然后它们被整合成一个视频，你可以在网上看到一个虚拟的合唱团。)”可知，个人唱歌视频上传到网上，并整合而成虚拟合唱团。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Over ten years after his graduation, Whitacre’s original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. This led to the creation of the virtual choir. (毕业十多年后，惠特克的原创作品开始在唱诗班和歌手中流行起来。这导致了虚拟合唱团的诞生。)”可知，惠特克的作品在唱诗班和歌手中流行起来导致虚拟合唱团的产生。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In 2009,Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance. His first virtual choir, ‘Lux Aurumque’, had 198 singers from 12 different countries. (2009年，惠塔克收到了一段视频，视频中一个女孩正在演唱他的一首作品。受到启发，他让他的粉丝制作视频，然后他把这些视频组合成一场表演。他的第一个虚拟合唱团Lux Aurumque有来自12个不同国家的198名歌手。)”可知，惠塔克的第一个虚拟合唱团的表演是由198个不同国家的歌手的视频合成而来的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice and thus make the world a better place. (虚拟合唱团是一种美妙的方式，让世界各地的人们用一种声音唱歌，从而使世界变得更美好。)”可知，虚拟合唱团这种合唱方式对人们的生活产生了积极的影响，此处介绍了虚拟合唱团对世界的影响。故选B项。
C
Many animals and plants are endangered in the world today. These endangered species are threatened with becoming extinct, meaning they will no longer exist on Earth. Examples include the Cuban Macaw and the Sri Lankan Legume Tree. Illegal hunting, and collecting of the Macaw bird for pets, led to its extinction. While the main reason the native Sri Lankan Legume Tree went extinct was due to habitat loss from development in the 20th century. The main cause for animals and plants disappearing is often a damage to the food chain due to hunting, habitat loss or even the introduction of invasive species.
Every living thing from one-celled animals to a blue whale needs to eat. Nature is connected and controlled by many fragile food chains. A food chain describes who eats whom in a habitat. When one of the links in a food chain is no longer present —for example, a species goes extinct—the food chain breaks and sometimes this can cause other animals to disappear and the whole system can become imbalanced or even collapsed.
Humans can have disastrous effects on food chains. When people first explored the world, they took animal and plant species from their home countries to the places they explored and settled in. They did not realise the consequences of introducing invasive species. By doing so, they were damaging the natural food chains of the areas they explored.
Nowadays there are strict rules controlling the movement of animals and plants between countries. But some parts of the world are still experiencing problems with invasive species introduced hundreds of years ago.
With rising awareness of how we affect the natural environment, hopefully we can learn to protect these food chains and help them to thrive. Otherwise the continued loss of species will eventually mean our own extinction.
8. Which is the main reason for Cuban Macaw’s extinction?
A. Habitat loss. B. Illegal hunting.
C. Invasive species. D. Food chain damage.
9. What do we know about a food chain in paragraph 2?
A. It only affects one-celled animals.
B. It is always broken by invasive species.
C. It decides the balance of the whole system.
D. It breaks after nearly ten species disappear.
10. How do humans seriously affect food chains?
A. By exploring new places.
B. By hunting endangered animals.
C. By introducing invasive species.
D. By polluting natural environment.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Damage of Invasive Species
B. Effect of Illegal Hunting on a Habitat
C. Disappearance of Endangered Species
D. The Link between Food Chains and Extinction
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明我。由于狩猎、栖息地丧失甚至是入侵性生物的引入，当今世界上许多动植物濒临灭绝，文章指出：保护食物链的平衡才能保证人类不被自己灭绝。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Examples include the Cuban Macaw and the Sri Lankan Legume Tree. Illegal hunting, and collecting of the Macaw bird for pets, led to its extinction. (例如古巴金刚鹦鹉和斯里兰卡豆科树。非法狩猎和收集金刚鹦鹉作为宠物导致了它的灭绝。)”可知，非法狩猎导致金刚鹦鹉灭绝。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Nature is connected and controlled by many fragile food chains. A food chain describes who eats whom in a habitat. When one of the links in a food chain is no longer present — for example, a species goes extinct — the food chain breaks and sometimes this can cause other animals to disappear and the whole system can become imbalanced or even collapsed. (大自然是由许多脆弱的食物链连接和控制的。食物链描述了在栖息地中谁吃谁。当食物链中的一个环节不再存在时，例如，一个物种灭绝，食物链就会断裂，有时这可能导致其他动物消失，整个系统就会变得不平衡甚至崩溃。)”可知，食物链的每个环节都决定着整个系统的平衡，故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Humans can have disastrous effects on food chains. When people first explored the world, they took animal and plant species from their home countries to the places they explored and settled in. They did not realise the consequences of introducing invasive species. By doing so, they were damaging the natural food chains of the areas they explored. (人类可以对食物链造成灾难性的影响。当人们第一次探索世界时，他们从自己的国家把动物和植物物种带到他们探索和定居的地方。他们没有意识到引入入侵物种的后果。通过这样做，他们正在破坏他们所探索地区的自然食物链。)”可知，因为人们引入入侵物种，给食物链造成灾难性的影响。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段最后一句“The main cause for animals and plants disappearing is often a damage to the food chain due to hunting, habitat loss or even the introduction of invasive species. (动植物消失的主要原因往往是由于狩猎、栖息地丧失甚至是入侵物种的引入而破坏了食物链。)”，最后一段“With rising awareness of how we affect the natural environment, hopefully we can learn to protect these food chains and help them to thrive. Otherwise the continued loss of species will eventually mean our own extinction. (随着人们对人类如何影响自然环境的认识不断提高，希望我们能够学会保护这些食物链，帮助它们茁壮成长。否则，物种的持续减少最终将意味着我们自己的灭绝。)”可知，文章介绍了生态系统中某一环节的动植物的消失会破坏食物链，最终影响到人类的生存，故D项“The Link between Food Chains and Extinction (食物链与物种灭绝之间的联系)”作为文章标题，比较贴切。故选D项。
D
By drawing patterns on the surface of a cup of tea, chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick displayed in a recent TV drama, has gone popular for its apparent similarity with modern latte art. However, ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely.
Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bamboos and mountains or even calligraphy. There are over a dozen steps: grind tea for fine powder (粉末), pour boiled water,stir the mixture,and draw the patterns. It is different from making latte because people use clear water as the object to put into the cup instead of milk. But when the water touches the surface of whipped tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes.
“Chabaixi is one of the countless forms of tea-making techniques in China. The importance of chabaixi is not only that this technique is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people’s lifestyle in the Song Dynasty, a period of time when leisure activities in some ways resemble what we have now,” Zhang, a practitioner of chabaixi, said.
Before chabaixi was discovered by TV audiences, the technique was listed as part of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recovered by Zhang Zhifeng. He started researching the origins of chabaixi in the 1980s and brought the technique back in 2009 after decades of trials and practice. Zhang spent nearly 30 years studying and researching the origins and making of tea, but for him it was all worthwhile.
“This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history,” Zhang said.

12. Which of the following best explains “grind” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Dry. B. Put. C. Mix. D. Break.
13. What can we learn about chabaixi?
A. It uses milk to put into the cup.
B. It is the origin of modern latte art.
C. It should be enjoyed in a limited time.
D. It is common around the world these years.
14. What kind of person is Zhang Zhifeng according to the text?
A. Persistent. B. Humorous.
C. Warm-hearted. D. Knowledgeable.
15. Why is chabaixi important according to Zhang Zhifeng?
A. It is a good leisure activity for us.
B. It can be seen in many places in China now.
C. It is the most important tea-making technique in China.
D. It makes us know more about Chinese traditional culture.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了2017年被列入中国非物质文化遗产的中国古代茶艺：茶百戏。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“for fine powder (粉末), pour boiled water, stir the mixture, and draw the patterns. (细粉，倒开水，搅拌混合物，画图案)”及常识可知，此处指把茶叶磨成细粉。由此可知，划线词grind意“磨碎，碾碎”，与break意思相近。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“But when the water touches the surface of whipped tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. (但当水接触到打发茶的表面时，它会变成白色，并在20分钟内消失)”可知，茶百戏的图案持续时间不长，只能在有限的20分钟内欣赏到。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Before chabaixi was discovered by TV audiences, the technique was listed as part of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recovered by Zhang Zhifeng. He started researching the origins of chabaixi in the 1980s and brought the technique back in 2009 after decades of trials and practice. Zhang spent nearly 30 years studying and researching the origins and making of tea, but for him it was all worthwhile. (在茶百戏被电视观众发现之前，在张志峰恢复后，这项技术于2017年被列入中国非物质文化遗产。他从上世纪80年代开始研究茶白戏的起源，经过几十年的尝试和实践，2009年又将这一技术带了回来。张花了近30年的时间研究和研究茶的起源和制作方法，但对他来说，这一切都是值得的。)”可知，张志峰花了近30年事件研究茶百戏，并成功将茶百戏列入中国非物质文化遗产。由此推知，张有坚持不懈的精神。故选A项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history,’ Zhang said. (‘这项技术是宋代茶文化的关键，如果让它消失就太可惜了。这项技术必须传给下一代，这样他们才能了解它的历史，’张说)”可知，茶百戏源自宋代茶文化，了解茶百戏有助于了解中国传统文化。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A job opening is a vacancy which an employer desires to fill.____16____For job seekers, tracking down job openings is very important, while employers want to quickly fill the position with the best possible person.
When an employer recognizes the need for a new employee, the person in charge of hiring usually sits down to create an advertisement for the job opening. Typically, the advertisement includes the job title and a brief description of the duties associated with the job. The company name is included, contact information is provided,_____17_____
____18____ If the job is with an Internet firm, for example, the job will usually appear on the company website and on relevant online job boards. If the job is a more casual retail job, it might be published in local classified ads. Some employers may also directly advertise a job opening with a sign in the window.
____19____By researching the information carefully, they can determine whether or not they are a good potential fit for a job. Job applicants should follow application directions carefully._____20_____ An applicant who drops by for a copy of a job application in tidy clothing, for example, is far more likely to get the job. Resumes and other supporting material should also be neatly organized to project an air of responsibility and confidence.
A. Typically, such openings are advertised.
B. They should always present themselves neatly.
C. A job opening will be published in various locations.
D. and applicants are required to offer their qualifications.
E. and potential salary information may be included as well.
F. People looking for job opportunities generally search in particular areas.
G. Applicants should carefully review the available information of a job opening.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了正确解读招聘广告，成功谋取一份工作的技巧。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A job opening is a vacancy which an employer desires to fill. (职位空缺是雇主希望填补的空缺。)”和下文“For job seekers, tracking down job openings is very important, while employers want to quickly fill the position with the best possible person. (对于求职者来说，找到职位空缺是非常重要的，而雇主则希望尽快将最优秀的人才填补到这个职位上。)”可知，这些职位空缺都会进行宣传。A项“Typically, such openings are advertised. (通常情况下，这样的职位都是通过广告宣传的。)”符合题意，such openings指代上文的A job opening，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“Typically, the advertisement includes the job title and a brief description of the duties associated with the job. The company name is included, contact information is provided (通常情况下，广告包括职位名称和与工作相关的职责的简要描述。公司名称包括在内，联系信息提供)”罗列了广告中所包括的信息，E项“and potential salary information may be included as well. (潜在的薪资信息也可能包括在内)”符合题意，为信息的补充，故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If the job is with an Internet firm, for example, the job will usually appear on the company website and on relevant online job boards. If the job is a more casual retail job, it might be published in local classified ads. Some employers may also directly advertise a job opening with a sign in the window.(例如，如果这份工作是在一家互联网公司，那么这份工作通常会出现在公司网站和相关的在线招聘公告栏上。如果这份工作是一份比较休闲的零售工作，它可能会在当地的分类广告上发布。一些雇主也可能直接在窗口贴出招聘启事)”可知，下文举例说明发布招聘信息的地方各有不同，C项“A job opening will be published in various locations. (招聘信息将在不同的地点发布。)”与下文语意一致，为本段的中心句。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“By researching the information carefully, they can determine whether or not they are a good potential fit for a job. (通过仔细研究这些信息，他们可以确定自己是否适合这份工作。)”可知，仔细研究招聘信息才能确定这份工作是否合适自己，G项“Applicants should carefully review the available information of a job opening. (申请人应仔细查看职位空缺的现有信息。)”符合题意，下文是对G项的解释，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“An applicant who drops by for a copy of a job application in tidy clothing, for example, is far more likely to get the job. (例如，如果求职者穿着整洁，顺道来索要一份求职申请表，那么他得到这份工作的可能性就大得多。)”说明了衣着整洁的重要性，B项“They should always present themselves neatly.(他们应该始终整洁地展示自己。)”符合题意，B项的present themselves neatly与下文的in tidy clothing表达的意思相近，故选B项。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Before she passed away from cancer, A.J. Walters made her husband Sean and daughter Brittany promise her one thing: Sean would accompany Brittany, a high school senior, to the homecoming game, where she was in the running for homecoming ____21____. A. J. was a beloved administrative assistant at Brittany’s high school. It was ____22____ to her that her daughter go. Brittany and Sean ____23____
Days later, on the morning of Friday, A.J. ____24____. Keeping their ____25____, that very afternoon, an emotional Brittany walked arm in arm with her father. They crossed the football field with the other candidates to await the____26____ of the voting.
Brittany wasn’t____27____ homecoming queen that day; Nyla was. But, like many in the community, Nyla had also____28____ A.J. Out of ____29____, moments after receiving the crown, Nyla walked over to Brittany, removed the crown from her head, and_____30_____ it on her friend’s. The two_____31_____, tearfully holding each other for support. “She’d rather have her _____32_____ than a crown,” Nyla said. By_____33_____ it to Brittany, “I was telling her that she was her mom’s queen, and that she was loved by many, _____34_____ me.”
“I felt so much love from her, and I just felt so much_____35_____ for her,” said Brittany, “I can _____36_____ my mom through Nyla. They have the_____37_____ caring and giving spirit.”
Nyla is no less perfect for _____38_____ of a crown. A friend of the Walters family said, “There’s an old_____39_____ goes, “Real queens fix each other’s crowns.” But the fact is, real queens _____40_____ their crowns to let other queens shine.”
21. A. king B. queen C. lady D. master
22. A. important B. regretful C. obvious D. easy
23. A. admitted B. replied C. forgot D. agreed
24. A. died B. escaped C. arrived D. approached
25. A. seal B. balance C. promise D. secret
26. A. right B. result C. delay D. loss
27. A. warned B. sent C. paid D. named
28. A. debated with B. suffered from C. heard about D. called up
29 A. order B. curiosity C. happiness D. kindness
30. A. carried B. threw C. placed D. abandoned
31. A. hugged B. trembled C. smiled D. creamed
32. A. teacher B. cash C. mom D. scholarship
33. A. owing B. handing C. driving D. submitting
34. A. especially B. possibly C. basically D. luckily
35. A. information B. blame C. advice D. love
36. A. meet B. see C. touch D. contact
37. A. mild B. opposite C. special D. same
38. A. fare B. sake C. lack D. love
39. A. saying B. finding C. thinking D. reading
40. A. show off B. give up C. knock down D. take in
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了A.J. Walters在癌症去世前希望丈夫陪女儿去参加返校节，虽然Brittany没有被选为返校节女王，但是得知Brittany的遭遇后，返校节女王Nyla把她的王冠交给Brittany，表达对她真诚的爱，Nyla行为得到了大家的高度赞扬。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sean会陪高中高年级的Brittany去参加返校节比赛，在那里她正在竞选返校节女王A. king国王；B. queen王后；C. lady女士；D. master主人。根据最后一段“But the fact is, real queens ____20____ their crowns to let other queens shine.”可知，此处是指返校节女王。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女儿去对她来说很重要。A. important重要的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. obvious明显的；D. easy容易的。根据上文“A.J. Walters made her husband Sean and daughter Brittany promise her one thing: Sean would accompany Brittany, a high school senior, to the homecoming game”可知，女儿Brittany去参加返校节对妈妈A.J.来说很重要。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brittany和Sean同意了。 A. admitted承认；B. replied回复；C. forgot忘记；D. agreed同意。根据下文“Keeping their ____5____,that very afternoon, an emotional Brittany walked arm in arm with her father.”可知，Brittany和Sean同意了。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，也就是一个周五的早上，A.J.去世了。A. died死亡；B. escaped逃跑，逃避；C. arrived到达；D. approached接近。根据上文“Before she passed away from cancer, A.J. Walters made her husband Sean and daughter Brittany promise her one thing”可知，A.J.去世了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：遵守他们的诺言，那天下午，激动的Brittany和父亲手挽手走在一起。A. seal海报，封条；B. balance平衡；C. promise诺言；D. secret秘密。根据上文“A.J. Walters made her husband Sean and daughter Brittany promise her one thing: Sean would accompany Brittany, a high school senior, to the homecoming game, where she was in the running for homecoming ____1____.”可知，此处指父女两遵守了母亲去世前他们答应她的事。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们和其他候选人一起穿过足球场，等待投票结果。A. right权力；B. result结果；C. delay延迟；D. loss损失。根据下文“Brittany wasn’t____7____ homecoming queen that day; Nyla was.”推知，他们在等投票结果，但Brittany没有获得返校节女王。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天Brittany没有被任命为返校节女王；Nyla是。A. warned警告；B. sent发送；C. paid支付；D. named命名。结合常识可知，“返校节女王”是一个称号，故此处指命名为返校节女王。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，和社区里的许多人一样，Nyla也听说过A.J.。A. debated with与……争辩；B. suffered from遭受；C. heard about听说；D. called up召集，给……打电话。根据下文“moments after receiving the crown, Nyla walked over to Brittany,”推知，Nyla听说过A.J.。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于善意，在得到皇冠后不久，Nyla走到Brittany身边，把皇冠从她头上取下来，戴在她朋友的头上。A. order命令，顺序；B. curiosity好奇心；C. happiness幸福；D. kindness善良。根据“Nyla walked over to Brittany, removed the crown from her head, and____10____ it on her friend’s.”可知，Nyla是一个善良的孩子，出于善意做了帮助朋友的事情。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. carried携带；B. threw扔；C. placed放置；D. abandoned放弃。根据“removed the crown from her head”可知，此处是指Nyla取下戴在自己头上的皇冠，然后戴在朋友的头上，用place符合语境。故选C。
31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两人紧紧地拥抱一起，泪流满面地抱着对方以示支持。A. hugged拥抱；B. trembled颤抖；C. smiled微笑；D. creamed尖叫。根据“tearfully holding each other for support.”可知，两人紧紧地拥抱在一起。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她宁愿要妈妈也不要皇冠，” Nyla说。A. teacher老师；B. cash现金；C. mom妈妈；D. scholarship奖学金。结合上文提到Brittany的妈妈去世以及下文“I was telling her that she was her mom’s queen ”可知，Nyla认为Brittany宁愿要自己的妈妈，而非皇冠。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过把它交给布列塔尼，“我告诉她，她是她妈妈的女王，她受到很多人的爱，尤其是我。”A. owing拥有；B. handing递；C. driving驾驶；D. submitting提交。根据上文“removed the crown from her head, and____10____ it on her friend’s.”可知，Nyla把皇冠递给了Brittany。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. especially尤其；B. possibly可能；C. basically基本上；D. luckily幸运地。结合语境可知，此处指Nyla说很多人爱Brittany，尤其是自己，因为她把属于自己的皇冠送给了Brittany。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brittany说:“我从她身上感受到太多的爱，我真的很爱她，我可以通过妮拉看到我的妈妈。他们有同样的关怀和给予精神。”A. information信息；B. blame责备；C. advice建议；D. love爱。呼应上文“I felt so much love from her”此处指Brittany也爱Nyla。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. meet遇见；B. see看见；C. touch触摸，感动；D. contact联系。结合上文提到Nyla对Brittany的关爱可知，Brittany认为她从Nyla身上看到了自己妈妈的影子。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同15小题。A. mild温和的；B. opposite相反的，对面的；C. special特别的；D. same相同的。根据上文“I can ____16____ my mom through Nyla.”推知，Nyla和Brittany的妈妈一样关爱别人，具有给予精神。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nyla获得皇冠是当之无愧的。A. fare恐惧；B. sake利益，好处，目的；C. lack缺乏；D. love爱。根据语境，此处用双重否定表肯定，结合上文Naly的行为可知，此处指Naly获得皇冠是实至名归的。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：沃尔特斯家族的一位朋友说：“有句老话说：‘真正的女王会互相修复王冠。’但事实是，真正的女王会放弃自己的王冠，让其他女王大放异彩。”A. saying谚语，格言；B. finding发现；C. thinking想法，见解；D. reading阅读。“Real queens fix each other’s crowns.”是一句谚语。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. show off炫耀；B. give up放弃；C. knock down撞倒；D. take in吸收，欺骗。结合上文Nyla的帝王风范并不逊色把自己的皇冠给Brittany可知，此处是指真正的女王会放弃自己的皇冠，让其他女王大放异彩。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hey, everyone! It’s Kai again. I’m back with another ____41____ (amaze) episode of NatGeo kids. And this week we’re talking all about robots. Okay so I bet you’re wondering ____42____ exactly is a robot. Good question.____43____ (basic), a robot is a machine____44____ (create) to perform a series of actions. These actions could be as simple as rolling around the house vacuuming out dirty floors. Other robots perform more complicated tasks such as traveling to and ____45____ (explore) different planets like NASA’s Mars exploration Rovers which were built____46____ (study) the surface of Mars. And did you know that humans have been building robots for____47____ (century)? In fact many believe the first robot was created over 2,000 years ago. A man called Artistas in ancient Greece ____48____ (build)a bird-like self-propelling machine that could fly up to a distance of 200 meters that’s like two football fields. Today robots come____49____ all shapes and sizes. Some are small even microscopic while others are large in some cases as big as a car or even a truck.
There are flying robots, robots that can drive and robots that can swim, robots that can do a lot of things. Who knows, maybe one day robots will be able to do just about everything____50____ humans can do.
【答案】41. amazing
42. what 43. Basically
44. created
45. exploring
46. to study
47. centuries
48. built 49. in
50. that
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了国家地理频道的孩子们的内容为机器人的一个节目。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我回来了，这是国家地理频道的孩子们的另一集令人大为惊奇的节目。修饰名词episode，为物，应用形容词amazing，意为“令人惊讶的”，作前置定语。故填amazing。
【42题详解】
考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：好吧，我打赌你想知道机器人到底是什么。wondering后接宾语从句，从句缺主语，应为物作主语，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：总的说来，机器人是用来执行一系列动作的机器。副词修饰整个句子，应用basically，意为“从根本上说，总的说来”，设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Basically。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：总的说来，机器人是用来执行一系列动作的机器。句子的谓语为is，设空处作非谓语动词，create与逻辑主语a machine之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填created。
【45题详解】
考查动名词。句意：其他机器人则执行更复杂的任务，比如前往和探索不同的行星，比如美国宇航局的火星探测器，它是为了研究火星表面而建造的。such as后接宾语，设空处与traveling并列，应用动名词形式，故填exploring。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其他机器人则执行更复杂的任务，比如前往和探索不同的行星，比如美国宇航局的火星探测器，它是为了研究火星表面而建造的。设空处为目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to study。
【47题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：你知道人类制造机器人已经有一个世纪了吗？century为可数名词，设空处前无不定冠词，故用名词复数形式，作for的宾语。故填centuries。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：古希腊一个叫Artistas的人建造了一个像鸟一样的自动推进机器，可以飞到200米的距离，相当于两个足球场（的距离）。句子缺谓语动词，根据上一句“In fact many believe the first robot was created over 2,000 years ago.”可知动作发生在过去，谓语动词用一般过去时，故填built。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：今天机器人有各种形状和大小。此处考查come in all shapes，意为“形状各异”。设空处应填介词in。故填in。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许有一天机器人能做人类能做的所有事情。先行词为everything，先行词在限制性定语从句作主语，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I know a professor who’s also a millionaire. A few years ago he have an important invention and made fortune. Although he was very successful, he didn’t forget the village children who was suffering from poverty and hungry. He could have lived comfortably so he donated all his money to a village school so that the children would not drop out. He also equipped teachers offices with furniture. Her ultimate goal was for all children to go to school. If he couldn’t do so, he would be feel guilty. The professor’s kindness has been appreciated for all. It is said that the professor has became a philanthropist(慈善家).
【答案】1. have→had 2. 在fortune前加a 3. was→were 4. hungry→hunger 5. so→but 6. teachers →teachers’ 7. Her→His 8. 删除be 9. for→by 10. became→become
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了一位教授，自己发财后成为慈善家，资助村里那些饱受贫穷和饥饿之苦的孩子们。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：几年前他有了一项重大发明，发了财。根据时间状语A few years ago，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词用had，故将have改为had。
2.考查冠词。句意：几年前他有了一项重大发明，发了财。此处考查动词短语make a fortune，意为“发财，赚大钱”，故在fortune前加a。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：虽然他很成功，但他没有忘记村里那些饱受贫穷和饥饿之苦的孩子们。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为the village children，为复数，在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词be应用复数形式were。故将was改为were。
4.考查名词。句意：虽然他很成功，但他没有忘记村里那些饱受贫穷和饥饿之苦的孩子们。suffer from后接名词，hungry为形容词，名词为hunger。故将hungry改为hunger。
5.考查连词。句意：他本来可以过得舒舒服服，但他把所有的钱都捐给了一所乡村学校，这样孩子们就不会辍学了。he donated all his money to a village school与前一句He could have lived comfortably为转折关系，应用but，故将so改为but。
6.考查名词所有格。句意：他还为教师办公室配备了家具。“教师办公室”应用名词所有格，teachers的所有格为teachers’，故将teachers改为teachers’。
7.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他的最终目标是让所有的孩子都上学。文中提及的教授是男性，形容词性物主代词为his。故将Her改为His。
8.考查系动词。句意：如果他不能这样做，他会感到内疚。句子的feel为系动词，应删去be。故删除be。
9.考查介词。句意：教授的仁慈受到所有人的赞赏。此句为被动结构，应用介词 by引出动作的执行者。故将for改为by。
10.考查时态。句意：据说那位教授已经成为慈善家了。此处考查现在完成时，助动词has后应用过去分词。故将became改为become。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你校英语校刊以“My Reflection (反思) on Learning (English, Basketball, Piano...)”为题，举办英文征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．过去所学：学习方法、经历等；
2．现在所获：学习成果、水平等；
3．将来所做：学习计划、目标等。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．请把题目补充完整。
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【答案】 My Reflection on Learning English
English is one of my favourite subjects. I’ve learned English for ten years. For me, the most important learning method is developing a good learning habit. A good learner is also an active learner, who tries to learn more with less time. Reading as much as possible is significant to English learning as well. Besides, I like listening to and speaking English.
In these ways, I always get A in exams and I can even read some English novels, such as Harry Potter series.
I am determined to major in English in a foreign language college next year. Hence, I concentrate on my study diligently to live up to my dream.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Reflection on Learning (English, Basketball, Piano...)”为题，把自己过去所学，现在的所获和将来所做写一篇短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
努力做：try to do→endeavor to do
意义重大的：be significant→be of significance
决心做：be determined to do→resolve to do
集中于：concentrate on→focus on
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve learned English for ten years
拓展句：It’s 10 years since I began to learn English.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A good learner is also an active learner, who tries to learn more with less time.(运用了非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, I like listening to and speaking English(运用了动名词作宾语)