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2023年北京市房山区中考英语二模试卷
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这是一份2023年北京市房山区中考英语二模试卷，共20页。试卷主要包含了 Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年北京市房山区中考英语二模试卷
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
1. My sister is only six years old，but ________ can take good care of herself.（ ）
A. he B. she C. it D. they
2. I often help my parents with housework ___ Sundays.（ ）
A. on B. in C. at D. to
3. Both my brother and I like films，________ we often go to the cinema.（ ）
A. so B. but C. for D. or
4. — Excuse me，must I return all the books in a week？
— No，you ________.You can keep them for two weeks.（ ）
A. needn't B. wouldn't C. shouldn't D. can't
5. — Jim，________ does your father usually go to work？
— By bus.（ ）
A. when B. why C. how D. where
6. Li Shizhen was one of ________ doctors in Chinese history.（ ）
A. famous B. more famous
C. most famous D. the most famous
7. — Peter，may I use your iPad？
— Sorry.I ______ on it at the moment.（ ）
A. was working B. will work C. am working D. worked
8. If you go by subway，you ________ at the Summer Palace in half an hour.（ ）
A. will arrive B. arrived C. have arrived D. arrive
9. Mr.Green ________ for his lessons when I went into his office.（ ）
A. prepares B. will prepare C. is preparing D. was preparing
10. My classmates and I ________ a lot of volunteer work since last year.（ ）
A. do B. will do C. have done D. did
11. The sports meeting ________ in our school last month.Our class won the first prize.（ ）
A. hold B. held C. is held D. was held
12. — Mary，do you know ________ the English competition？
— Yes，I do.Next Wednesday.（ ）
A. when will we have B. when we will have
C. where will we have D. where we will have
Arun and Karan were good friends.Arun was always ahead of Karan in all fields.He was always chosen to perform in school programs and was famous throughout school.Karan tried to do better than Arun each time but never（1） ______ .
One day when Karan returned home，he was feeling（2） ______ .His mother saw that and asked，"Why do you look unhappy？" Karan replied， "It's all because of Arun.Once again，he got higher marks than me.And no matter how hard I try，he is always ahead of me."
His mother questioned， "Are you jealous （嫉妒的） of Arun？" Karan replied，"No.Why would I be jealous of him？He is my friend." His mother said， "When people（3） ______ Arun，you don't like it.When he loses，you feel happy.You keep seeing negative qualities in him and feel a sense of dislike towards him.Do you feel all of this？" Karan was shocked by what he heard and thought it was true.His mother continued， "I have a great solution for you to deal with jealousy.Instead of being jealous，you should focus your（4） ______ on appreciating （欣赏） the positive qualities in Arun."
Just listening to this，Karan replied， "Positives qualities？In Arun？I cannot find even a single positive quality in him." His mother asked， "You can't or you don't want to find it？" Karan looked down（5） ______ .His mother said， "OK.Tell me when you start preparing for an exam." Karan replied， "A week before." His mother asked， "And Arun？" Karan thought and said， "He studies daily.He lists all the schoolwork that he has to do and when he should do each thing.He always（6） ______ his timetable." His mother said， "This shows that he has good management skills and he is hardworking." Karan nodded.He felt inspired （受到启发的）.From that day，he began to（7） ______ Arun's good qualities.
Very soon，he also became hardworking like Arun.In the following exam，Arun again stood first while Karan came second.But this time Karan was not jealous at all.He was happy to see his own（8） ______ .
When we heartily appreciate the positive qualities in others，those qualities will also begin to develop in us.
13. A. refused B. stopped C. complained D. succeeded
14. A. upset B. surprised C. happy D. satisfied
15. A. avoid B. beat C. praise D. understand
16. A. hope B. energy C. advice D. dream
17. A. carelessly B. speechlessly C. seriously D. curiously
18. A. follows B. changes C. forgets D. discusses
19. A. change B. improve C. spread D. notice
20. A. choice B. progress C. advantage D. influence
21.
A.Berklee Summer Camp
Berklee Summer Camp is the perfect choice for young students who are eager to begin their musical journey.During this two-week camp，every student will experience hands-on instruction in the instrument and practice performance technique （技巧） in a band setting.
B.Complete Skills Camp
Complete Skills Camp is designed to help teenage students improve their game and basketball skills.Each player will be challenged to get better through repetition of basic skills.Players will also be able to test their skills each day through different competitions.
C.Scikidz Day Camp
Scikidz Day Camp is designed to offer children a choice of many different science themes，such as experiments and projects in Video Game Creation，Engineering，and much more.The camp provides an opportunity to see how science works in the real world.
D.Edu-Inter's French Camp
At Edu-Inter's French camp，campers get French language classes in the morning，then cultural activities，social events in the afternoon.Young learners will get the opportunity to speak the language not only with teachers and other campers，but also in real-life settings outside the classroom.
(1) Lucy is a music fan.She plans to learn to play an instrument this summer vacation. ______
(2) Mike is interested in sports，especially basketball.He wants to improve his basketball skills. ______
(3) Celia is an American girl.She'd like to learn a foreign language and experience different cultures. ______
O
Jameson stood outside the kitchen，listening to his mother's phone conversation.
"I'm sure he'd love to，" his mother said.
Jameson knew she was talking to Mrs.Kyle down the street.She had a son four years younger than Jameson and was always trying to get Jameson to play with him.Only Jameson didn't want to play with him.He felt bored playing baby games.Jameson hoped Mrs.Kyle wasn't getting Mom to agree to a play date.
Mom said goodbye，and Jameson ran to his room.He sat down at his desk and took out his math book.His mom knocked on the door.
"Jameson，may I come in？"
"I'm really busy studying for my math test right now." Maybe that would make Mom think twice about forcing him to play with Timothy Kyle.
"Oh，okay then.Never mind."
Jameson heard his mom walk back down the hall.He was happy his plan had worked，but now he had to stay in his room because his mom thought he was studying.
He looked outside.The sun was shining，and it was the perfect day to be outdoors.He pictured playing football in the park with his friends.Then he thought about the best thing of all，going to the new amusement park.He'd been dying to （渴望） go，but tickets were expensive and he hadn't saved up enough money yet.
He spent the afternoon tossing （掷） his football straight up in the air while lying on his bed.He was more than bored.Even playing with Timothy Kyle was better than this.
He got up and went downstairs.
"All finished studying？" Mom asked.
Jameson nodded.Then his mom said， "Mrs.Kyle called earlier.She had tickets to the new amusement park.She said you could have them."
Things were different from what Jameson thought.He deeply regretted what he did. "I should try to figure out （弄清楚） what is exactly happening instead of lying to Mom for my own good，" he thought.
22. How did Jameson feel about playing baby games with Mrs.Kyle's son？ ______
A. Hopeful. B. Happy. C. Worried. D. Bored.
23. Jameson spent the whole afternoon ______ .
A. playing with Timothy Kyle B. playing football in the park
C. studying for a math test D. staying in his room
24. Jameson regretted what he did because he realized that ______ .
A. he shouldn't tell a lie for his own good
B. staying with young kids wasn't that bad
C. playing outdoors was much more interesting
D. he shouldn't listen to other's phone conversation
P
Yawning is something we all do — maybe because we're bored carrying out uninteresting tasks or because we're tired.Sometimes，just seeing another people yawn can cause you to yawn.But is yawning really contagious （传染的），and why do we do it in the first place？
Many of us think we open our mouths when we yawn to take in more oxygen （氧气），but in fact it appears there is no clear reason.According to BBC Bitesize，new research suggests it might be because yawning cools the brain down and prevents it from overheating，much like the fan in your computer.This might be why we're more likely to feel sleepy and yawn in warm temperatures.
What is clear is that we yawn more when we're very tired and ready for a short sleep，and we can't control when we do it — once we start，there's no stopping us!But it's also true that yawning is a very contagious behaviour.John Drury，a researcher from Sussex University，told the BBC， "Yawning is something that you can't stop.Dogs yawn when their owners yawn.Animals yawn at each other.It happens whether you want to or not."
His research into this behaviour found that there is a connection with our social group and how close we are to the people in it.If we identify with （认同） the person who yawns，we are likely to copy it too.
Another research by the University of Nottingham in 2017 found similar results.They asked volunteers to watch other people yawn.They found their ability to prevent yawning when others around them yawned was limited.And the desire （渴望） to yawn was increased when people were told they couldn't.They also found，when using electrical stimulation （刺激），that they were able to increase people's desire to yawn.These findings，they say，could be useful because it could help treat other conditions like Tourette's （儿童抽动症），which involve the same area of the brain.
What is certain is that the act of yawning can happen at any time even when we think we're not tired — but，I hope，not when you're reading this article!
25. According to BBC Bitesize，the reason why we yawn might be ______ .
A. our brains need to exercise
B. we have to breathe more oxygen
C. our brains need to be cooled down
D. we are not used to warm temperatures
26. What can we learn from the research by the University of Nottingham？ ______
A. The use of electrical stimulation can help control the strong wish to yawn.
B. People can keep themselves from yawning when they are told not to do it.
C. People are more likely to yawn when someone around them yawns.
D. The findings of the research can be used to prevent some diseases.
27. What is the passage mainly about？ ______
A. The process of yawning.
B. The reasons for yawning.
C. The use of findings about yawning.
D. The development of studying yawning.
Q
Separate Boys and Girls at School
Jack White is a 17-year-old student who has already published a collection of poetry with a local publisher.Jack believes switching （转换） to an all-boys school changed his life.
"When I was at my coed （男女同校的） school，poetry was for girls，not boys.Boys were supposed to like subjects like math，computers，and science.When I wrote poems，the boys at school used to make fun of me.At my new school，things are different.
Jack may not realize that boys and girls also learn and think differently based on specific （特有的） biological developments.These differences have an effect on how and when boys and girls learn，so single-sex （单性别的） education is actually better for children.
Take，for example，brain development.The areas of the brain involved in language，feelings，physical coordination （协调），and social relationships develop in a different order and speed in girls and boys.Teenage girls find it easier to answer the question， "How does the story make you feel？" than teenage boys.Research has shown that teenage girls' brains develop the connections between language and emotions earlier than boys' brains.A teenage boy will have more difficulty answering that question because his brain has not fully developed that connection yet.In a single-sex classroom，everyone's brain is developing at similar speeds，so teachers can teach according to their students' actual abilities.
Boys and girls also have different hearing abilities.Girls have a sense of hearing which is two to four times better than boys.Women teachers often speak more quietly，so boys may have more difficulty hearing a woman teacher if she is talking in her "normal" voice.The teacher needs to speak louder to get the boys' attention.In a single-sex school，teachers do not have to keep adjusting the volume of their voice.
Jack might not notice the biological arguments why single-sex education is better，but he realizes that he is learning faster at his new school.As Jack says， "I hated writing and studying English in my old coed school，but look at me now，I am a published poet!My new school helped me become comfortable with who I really am."
28. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. Girls usually have less opportunities to talk in class in a coed school.
B. Jack was laughed at by other boys because he was not good at poetry.
C. The part of the brain that understands our emotions grows slower in boys.
D. Boys' and girls' brains will develop at similar speeds if they study together.
29. What will probably happen in a single-sex school？ ______
A. Students will learn and make progress at the same speed.
B. Teachers will give lessons based on their students' abilities.
C. Students will be expected to learn poetry as a main subject.
D. Teachers will ask more questions involved in students' emotions.
30. The words "adjusting the volume" in Paragraph 5 probably mean " ______ ".
A. changing the loudness B. increasing the clearness
C. lowering the level D. controlling the speed
31. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？ ______
A. To explain why single-sex education is better.
B. To show how a boy became a published poet.
C. To compare how boys and girls think differently.
D. To discuss the problem of writing poems at school.
32.
Technology Keeps Grandparents and Grandchildren Connected
When it comes to keeping in touch with grandchildren，grandparents need to learn new technologies.They are taking advantage of choices like video chatting，text messaging and social media （社交网络媒介） to keep in touch with their grandchildren in more ways than ever before，according to a survey.
Mary Taylor is a typical case.She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren，all of whom are under the age of seven.They live in different countries.Mary says video chatting is the next best thing to being with her grandchildren even though it requires planning to schedule calls and taking the time differences into account （考虑到）. "It's not always perfect，" she says， "but it's certainly better than talking on the phone，especially with kids at those ages."
According to the survey，more than 20% of grandparents use video chatting to communicate，which is a little less than the number of those who often use text messaging but more than those who prefer to use social media.
But with a number of choices out there，keeping up with new technologies can be a challenge for them.74-year-old Mary Carr-McNally says she calls her grandchildren back when they text her. "I'm not very good at texting，so I call them back，and then we chat，" she says.
In all，more than 30% of them say that learning new technologies is difficult.That's why phone calls remain the most popular form of communication for grandparents，nearly half of whom say they talk with their grandchildren by phone.
Still，more than 40% of grandparents say they're good at learning new technologies.Take Alice Smith for example.She owns a laptop，a tablet and a smartphone，and uses them to keep in touch with her five grandchildren aged 4 to 16.She says she likes to text the older three and depends on video chatting with the younger ones.
"Texting is quick and simple.But we can do a lot of things on video chatting，" she says. "If the kids want to see something，I walk around and show them.Video chatting also allows me to see my loved one's facial expressions as we speak and does not require typing （打字） or reading small print.It's the next best thing to meeting someone face-to-face."
(1) How does Mary Taylor stay in touch with her grandchildren？ ______
(2) Why do phone calls remain the most popular form of communication for grandparents？ ______
(3) What does Alice Smith think of texting？ ______
(4) In your opinion，which is the best way for grandparents to keep in touch with their grandchildren？Why？（ List at least two reasons） ______ ______
33. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris给你发来邮件，想了解你的日常体育活动情况。请你用英语回复一封邮件，介绍你进行体育锻炼的情况，锻炼的时间，以及锻炼的益处。
提示词语：ball games，running，morning，healthy，improve
提示问题：
● What exercise do you take？
● When do you exercise？
● What benefits have you got？
Dear Chris，
How are you getting on？I'm glad to tell you something about the exercise I take
Yours， Li Hua
34. 持之以恒是每一位青少年都应该具备的优秀品质。
某英文网站正在开展以 "One Thing I Keep Doing" 为主题的征文活动。假定你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在学习或生活中一直坚持做的一件事情，你坚持这样做的理由，以及这样做给你带来了哪些影响和改变。
提示词语：perseverance （坚持），reading，practice，knowledge
提示问题：
● What is the thing that you keep doing？
● Why do you keep doing it？
● How does it make a difference to you？
Perseverance is the quality that every teenager should have.
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】he他，she她，it它，they他（她、它）们，根据前面my sister is only six years old我妹妹只有六岁，可知，此处指代my sister，在句子中充当主语，要用人称代词she。
故选：B。
我妹妹只有六岁，但她能很好地照顾自己。
掌握不同人称代词的主格的词义是解答此题的关键。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查时间介词。Sundays"星期天"，具体到某天通常用介词on。
故选：A。
在星期天我经常帮助妈妈做家务。
平时积累记忆单词的词义和用法，根据句意和具体语境解题作答。
3.【答案】A
【解析】A.所以（表因果）；B.但是（表转折）；C.因为（表原因）；D.或者（表选择）。根据 Both my brother and I like films（我和哥哥都喜欢电影）和we often go to the cinema（我们经常去看电影）可知，前半句是原因，后半句是结果，此处要填的连词是引导表示结果的句子，故填so。
故选：A。
我和哥哥都喜欢电影，所以我们经常去看电影。
掌握不同连词的含义及用法，结合语境选择正确答案。
4.【答案】A
【解析】needn't不需要；wouldn't不会；shouldn't不应该；can't不可以。由must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答，用don't have to/needn't作答，意为"不必，不需要"。
故选：A。
—打扰了，我必须在一个星期之内还书吗？
—不，你不需要。你可以再借两天。
熟练掌握情态动词的用法，分析各个选项，结合句意选择正确的情态动词。
5.【答案】C
【解析】When什么时候；Why为什么；How怎么；Where在哪。根据By bus"乘公共汽车"可知，对出行方式提问用How。
故选：C。
—Jim，你爸爸通常怎么上班？
—乘公共汽车。
疑问词通常用来构成疑问句，要根据具体的语境，分清疑问词的用法，选择合适答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】 famous著名的，形容词；more famous比较级形式；most famous前面要加the构成最高级形式；the most famous最高级形式。根据题干，可知考查one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式，表示最……之一。
故选：D。
李时珍是中国历史上最著名的医生之一。
熟悉形容词的比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
7.【答案】C
【解析】A.was working工作（过去进行时）；B.will work工作（一般将来时）；C.am working（现在进行时）；D.worked工作（一般过去时）。根据at the moment（现在）可知表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，应该用现在进行时，主语是I，构成是：I am+v.-ing+其它。
故选：C。
——彼得，我可以用你的iPad吗？
——对不起。我现在正在用它工作。
掌握不现在进行时的结构、用法和标志词是解答此题的关键。
8.【答案】A
【解析】arrive到达，动词原形，will arrive一般将来时，arrived过去式，用于一般过去时，have arrived现在完成时。连词if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原因，主句要用一般将来时，助动词will+动词原形。
故选：A。
如果你坐地铁去，半小时后你就会到达颐和园。
掌握if引导的条件状语从句是解答此题的关键。
9.【答案】D
【解析】A.prepares准备（一般现在时）B.will prepare准备（一般将来时）C.is preparing准备（现在进行时）D.was preparing准备（过去进行时）。根据when I went into his office（当我走进他办公室时），went是go的过去式，可知描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，应该用过去进行时，构成是主语+was/were+v.-ing，主语是Mr.Green第三人称单数。
故选：D。
当我走进格林先生的办公室时，他正在备课。
掌握时态的用法和结构是解答此题的关键。
10.【答案】C
【解析】 do动词原形；did 一般过去时；will do 一般将来时；have done 现在完成时。根据句中"since last year"提示，句子应用现在完成时。
故选：C。
从去年以来，我和我的同学们做了很多志愿工作。
根据时间状语、标志词或上下文来判断句子的时态，根据时态的构成，给出答案。
11.【答案】D
【解析】A hold 动词原形；B held 一般过去时；C is held一般现在时的被动语态；D was held 一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语last month，句子用一般过去时，排除A和C选项。主语sports meeting和动词hold之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选：D。
上个月我们学校举办了一场运动会。我们班得了第一名。
根据时间状语判断句子的时态，再判断主语和谓语之间是主动还是被动关系。
12.【答案】B
【解析】 A.我们什么时候举办，疑问句语序；B.我们什么时候举办；C.我们在哪里举办，疑问句语序；D.我们在哪里举办。know后用宾语从句，需用陈述句语序，排除A和C。根据Next Wednesday.（下周三。）可知此句提问时间。
故选：B。
-玛丽，你知道我们什么时候举办英语竞赛？
-是的，我知道。下周三。
了解宾语从句知识点，观察选项排除疑问句语序。结合语境即可得出答案。
13~20.【答案】D、A、C、B、B、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查动词辨析。句意：卡兰每次都试图比阿伦做得更好，但从未成功。refused拒绝；stopped阻止；complained抱怨；succeeded成功。根据"but never（但从来没有）"可知，卡兰试图比阿伦做得更好，但是没有成功，故选D。
（2）考查形容词辨析。句意：一天，当卡兰回到家时，他感到很沮丧。upset沮丧的；surprised惊讶的；happy开心的；satisfied满意的。根据"Why do you look unhappy（你为什么看起来不高兴）"可知，卡兰不开心，故选A。
（3）考查动词辨析。句意：当人们称赞阿伦时，你不喜欢。avoid避免；beat打败；praise表扬；understand理解。根据"When he loses，you feel happy（当他输了，你会感到高兴）"可知，前句说的是人们表扬阿伦，故选C。
（4）考查动词辨析。句意：不要嫉妒，你应该把精力集中在欣赏阿伦身上的积极品质上。hope希望；energy精力；advice建议；dream梦想。根据"Instead of being jealous，you should focus your…on appreciating （欣赏） the positive qualities in Arun（与其嫉妒，你应该集中……于欣赏阿伦的积极品质）"可知，妈妈让卡兰不要把精力浪费在嫉妒上，要把精力集中在欣赏阿伦身上的积极品质上。故选B。
（5）考查副词辨析。句意：卡兰无言地低下头。carelessly粗心地；speechlessly哑口无言地；seriously严肃地；curiously好奇地。结合语境可知，卡兰听了妈妈所说的话后感到愧疚。所以哑口无言，故选B。
（6）考查动词辨析。句意：他总是按照自己的时间表学习。follows遵循；changes改变；forgets忘记；discusses讨论。根据"He lists al the schoolwork that he has to do and when he should do each thing（他列出了他必须做的所有作业，以及每件事应该什么时候做）"可知，阿伦列出了他必须做的所有功课，以及他应该在什么时候做每件事，所以他会按照自己时间表学习，故选A。
（7）考查动词辨析。句意：从那天起，他开始注意到阿伦的优点。change改变；improve提升；spread扩散；notice注意。根据"He felt inspired （受到启发的）.From that day，he began to…Arun's good qualities（他感到受到鼓舞。从那天起，他开始……阿伦的优秀品质）"可知，应该是注意到阿伦的优点，故选D。
（8）考查名词辨析。句意：他很高兴看到自己的进步。choice选择；progress进步；advantage优势；influence影响。根据"In the following exam，Arun again stood first while Karan came second（在接下来的考试中，阿伦再次获得第一名，卡兰获得第二名）"可知，这次卡兰一点也不嫉妒，他很高兴看到自己的进步。故选B。
本文主要介绍卡兰嫉妒自己的朋友阿伦每次都比自己做得更好，经过妈妈的开导后，再也不嫉妒了。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
21.【答案】【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【解析】（1）细节推理题。根据Lucy is a music fan.She plans to learn to play an instrument this summer vacation.（露西是个音乐迷。她计划今年暑假学习一种乐器。）可知说的是音乐相关的信息，结合选项，A选项"伯克利夏令营是渴望开始音乐之旅的年轻学生的完美选择。"符合语境。故选A。
（2）细节推理题。根据Mike is interested in sports，especially basketball.He wants to improve his basketball skills.（迈克对运动很感兴趣，尤其是篮球。他想提高他的篮球技术。）可知说的是篮球相关的信息，结合选项，B选项"完整技能训练营旨在帮助青少年学生提高他们的比赛和篮球技能。每个玩家都将面临通过重复基本技能而变得更好的挑战。"符合语境。故选B。
（3）细节推理题。根据Celia is an American girl.She'd like to learn a foreign language and experience different cultures.（西莉亚是一个美国女孩。她想学一门外语，体验不同的文化。）可知说的是外语相关的信息，结合选项，D选项"在Edu-Inter的法语夏令营，营员们上午上法语课，然后下午参加文化活动和社交活动。"符合语境。故选D。
（1）露西是个音乐迷。她计划今年暑假学习一种乐器。——伯克利夏令营是渴望开始音乐之旅的年轻学生的完美选择。在为期两周的夏令营中，每个学生都将体验乐器的实践指导，并在乐队的背景下练习演奏技巧。
（2）迈克对运动很感兴趣，尤其是篮球。他想提高他的篮球技术。——完整技能训练营旨在帮助青少年学生提高他们的比赛和篮球技能。每个玩家都将面临通过重复基本技能而变得更好的挑战。玩家每天还可以通过不同的比赛来测试自己的技能。
（3）西莉亚是一个美国女孩。她想学一门外语，体验不同的文化。——在Edu-Inter的法语夏令营，营员们上午上法语课，然后下午参加文化活动和社交活动。年轻的学习者不仅有机会与老师和其他营员交谈，而且有机会在课堂外的现实生活中使用这门语言。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
22~24.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第三段中的He felt bored playing baby games.（他觉得玩婴儿游戏很无聊。）可知，Jameson对和Kyle太太的儿子玩婴儿游戏感到无聊，故选：D。
（2）根据第十段He spent the afternoon tossing his football straight up in the air while lying on his bed.（他躺在床上，整个下午都在把足球掷向空中。）可知，Jameson整个下午都呆在他的房间里，故选：D。
（3）根据最后一段中的I should try to figure out what is exactly happening instead of lying to Mom for my own good，（我应该试着弄清楚到底发生了什么，而不是为了我自己的利益而对妈妈撒谎。）可知，Jameson后悔自己的所作所为，因为他意识到他不应该为了自己的利益而撒谎，故选：A。
短文主要讲述了一个男孩Jameson不想和比他小的邻居Timothy Kyle玩耍，他的母亲却想让他和Timothy一起玩。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
25~27.【答案】C、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段According to BBC Bitesize，new research suggests it might be because yawning cools the brain down and prevents it from overheating，much like the fan in your computer.（据英国广播公司Bitesize报道，新的研究表明，这可能是因为打哈欠可以冷却大脑，防止大脑过热，就像电脑里的风扇一样。）可知，据英国广播公司Bitesize报道，我们打哈欠的原因可能是我们的大脑需要冷却。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段Another research by the University of Nottingham in 2017 found similar results.They asked volunteers to watch other people yawn.They found their ability to prevent yawning when others around them yawned was limited.（诺丁汉大学2017年的另一项研究也发现了类似的结果。他们让志愿者观察其他人打哈欠。他们发现，当周围的人打哈欠时，他们防止打哈欠的能力有限。）可知，我们能从诺丁汉大学的研究中了解到当周围的人打哈欠时，人们更容易打哈欠。故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了打哈欠的原因和打哈欠是否具有传染性。这段话主要讲打哈欠的原因。故选B。
本文主要讲述了打哈欠的原因和打哈欠是否具有传染性。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28~31.【答案】C、B、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段Research has shown that teenage girls' brains develop the connections between language and emotions earlier than boys' brains.（研究表明，十几岁女孩的大脑比男孩的大脑更早地开发出语言和情绪之间的联系。）可知，大脑中理解我们情绪的部分在男孩身上生长得较慢。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段In a single-sex classroom，everyone's brain is developing at similar speeds，so teachers can teach according to their students' actual abilities.（在单性别的课堂上，每个人的大脑都以相似的速度发展，所以老师可以根据学生的实际能力进行教学。）可知，单性别学校可能教师将根据学生的能力进行授课。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第五段Women teachers often speak more quietly，so boys may have more difficulty hearing a woman teacher if she is talking in her "normal" voice.The teacher needs to speak louder to get the boys' attention.In a single-sex school，teachers do not have to keep adjusting the volume of their voice.（女教师通常说话更安静，所以如果女教师用"正常"的声音说话，男孩可能更难听到她说话。老师需要大声说话才能引起男孩的注意。在单性学校，老师不必一直……他们声音的。）可猜测出，下划线单词的意思应是"调整音量"。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讲述了单性别教育的好处。文章以一个17岁的男孩Jack White的经历为例，他在之前的混合学校中写诗被同学嘲笑，但在转到全男校后，他的写作得到了更好的发展。然后文章引入了生物学上男女学习和思考的差异，这些差异会影响到男女学生的学习方式和时间，因此单性别教育对孩子们来说更好。故作者写这篇文章的主要目的是解释为什么单性别教育更好。故选A。
这篇文章主要讲述了单性别教育的好处。文章以一个17岁的男孩Jack White的经历为例，他在之前的混合学校中写诗被同学嘲笑，但在转到全男校后，他的写作得到了更好的发展。然后文章引入了生物学上男女学习和思考的差异，这些差异会影响到男女学生的学习方式和时间，因此单性别教育对孩子们来说更好。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32.【答案】【小题1】She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren.
【小题2】Because learning new technologies is difficult for them.
【小题3】Texting is quick and simple.
【小题4】By video chatting
【解析】（1）细节理解题目。根据第二段提到She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren，all of whom are under the age of seven.（她依靠视频聊天和孙辈们保持联系）可知，Mary Taylor 与孙辈们保持联系是能过视频聊天，故填She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段提到In all，more than 30% of them say that learning new technologies is difficult.That's why phone calls remain the most popular form of communication for grandparents（超过百分之三十的人表示学习新技术很困难，这就是为什么电话仍然是祖父母最常用的交流方式）可知，打电话仍是祖父母交流最受欢迎的形式，故填Because learning new technologies is difficult for them。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段提到Texting is quick and simple（发短信既快捷又简单）可知，她认为发短信既快捷又简单，故填Texting is quick and simple。
（4）细节理解题。与祖父母保持联系最简单的方式视频聊天。故填By video chatting 1.Because it didn't require typing and reading small print.2.it's next best thing to meeting someone face-to-face.
本文主要介绍了爷爷奶奶们和孙子们保持联系的一些方式。
这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有英汉互译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案；英汉互译题需要根据句意及汉英语言各自的语法习惯来翻译。
33.【答案】Dear Chris，
How are you getting on？I'm glad to tell you something about the exercise I take.In the morning，I often go running in the nearby park in order to refresh my mind and have a good mood for the whole day. 【高分句型一】After lunch，I usually take a walk so that I can relax.After school，I prefer to play some ball games with my classmates and friends.（我喜欢做的运动及时间）
Doing exercise benefits me a lot.It can not only improve my physical health but also lift up my spirit. 【高分句型二】I love doing exercise.（从中我得到了什么）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】 【高分句型一】
In the morning，I often go running in the nearby park in order to refresh my mind and have a good mood for the whole day.早上，我经常去附近的公园跑步，以保证我的头脑清醒，一整天都有一个好心情。in order to 为了。
【高分句型二】
It can not only improve my physical health but also lift up my spirit.它不仅可以改善我的身体健康，也可以提升我的精神。not only ...but also ...不仅...而且...
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
34.【答案】One Thing I Keep Doing Perseverance is the quality that every teenager should have.We can get knowledge in many ways.Reading is one of the best ways.（一直在做的事情是什么）
Reading makes me open up my eyes to the outside world.It makes me learn a lot of things that I have never known before.【高分句型一】So I buy lots of different books.Sometimes I also borrow books from others or the library.I also make a reading plan so that I can have enough time to read.【高分句型二】（怎么做的）
Reading makes my life meaningful and colourful.When I feel sad，reading makes me happy.It helped me put a lot of my ideas into practice.I will keep it all my life.（有什么影响）
【解析】【高分句型一】
It makes me learn a lot of things that I have never known before.它让我学到了很多我以前不知道的东西。
that引导定语从句。
【高分句型二】
I also make a reading plan so that I can have enough time to read.我还制定了一个阅读计划，这样我就有足够的时间阅读。
so that引导目的状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2023年北京市房山区中考英语二模试卷
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
1. My sister is only six years old，but ________ can take good care of herself.（ ）
A. he B. she C. it D. they
2. I often help my parents with housework ___ Sundays.（ ）
A. on B. in C. at D. to
3. Both my brother and I like films，________ we often go to the cinema.（ ）
A. so B. but C. for D. or
4. — Excuse me，must I return all the books in a week？
— No，you ________.You can keep them for two weeks.（ ）
A. needn't B. wouldn't C. shouldn't D. can't
5. — Jim，________ does your father usually go to work？
— By bus.（ ）
A. when B. why C. how D. where
6. Li Shizhen was one of ________ doctors in Chinese history.（ ）
A. famous B. more famous
C. most famous D. the most famous
7. — Peter，may I use your iPad？
— Sorry.I ______ on it at the moment.（ ）
A. was working B. will work C. am working D. worked
8. If you go by subway，you ________ at the Summer Palace in half an hour.（ ）
A. will arrive B. arrived C. have arrived D. arrive
9. Mr.Green ________ for his lessons when I went into his office.（ ）
A. prepares B. will prepare C. is preparing D. was preparing
10. My classmates and I ________ a lot of volunteer work since last year.（ ）
A. do B. will do C. have done D. did
11. The sports meeting ________ in our school last month.Our class won the first prize.（ ）
A. hold B. held C. is held D. was held
12. — Mary，do you know ________ the English competition？
— Yes，I do.Next Wednesday.（ ）
A. when will we have B. when we will have
C. where will we have D. where we will have
Arun and Karan were good friends.Arun was always ahead of Karan in all fields.He was always chosen to perform in school programs and was famous throughout school.Karan tried to do better than Arun each time but never（1） ______ .
One day when Karan returned home，he was feeling（2） ______ .His mother saw that and asked，"Why do you look unhappy？" Karan replied， "It's all because of Arun.Once again，he got higher marks than me.And no matter how hard I try，he is always ahead of me."
His mother questioned， "Are you jealous （嫉妒的） of Arun？" Karan replied，"No.Why would I be jealous of him？He is my friend." His mother said， "When people（3） ______ Arun，you don't like it.When he loses，you feel happy.You keep seeing negative qualities in him and feel a sense of dislike towards him.Do you feel all of this？" Karan was shocked by what he heard and thought it was true.His mother continued， "I have a great solution for you to deal with jealousy.Instead of being jealous，you should focus your（4） ______ on appreciating （欣赏） the positive qualities in Arun."
Just listening to this，Karan replied， "Positives qualities？In Arun？I cannot find even a single positive quality in him." His mother asked， "You can't or you don't want to find it？" Karan looked down（5） ______ .His mother said， "OK.Tell me when you start preparing for an exam." Karan replied， "A week before." His mother asked， "And Arun？" Karan thought and said， "He studies daily.He lists all the schoolwork that he has to do and when he should do each thing.He always（6） ______ his timetable." His mother said， "This shows that he has good management skills and he is hardworking." Karan nodded.He felt inspired （受到启发的）.From that day，he began to（7） ______ Arun's good qualities.
Very soon，he also became hardworking like Arun.In the following exam，Arun again stood first while Karan came second.But this time Karan was not jealous at all.He was happy to see his own（8） ______ .
When we heartily appreciate the positive qualities in others，those qualities will also begin to develop in us.
13. A. refused B. stopped C. complained D. succeeded
14. A. upset B. surprised C. happy D. satisfied
15. A. avoid B. beat C. praise D. understand
16. A. hope B. energy C. advice D. dream
17. A. carelessly B. speechlessly C. seriously D. curiously
18. A. follows B. changes C. forgets D. discusses
19. A. change B. improve C. spread D. notice
20. A. choice B. progress C. advantage D. influence
21.
A.Berklee Summer Camp
Berklee Summer Camp is the perfect choice for young students who are eager to begin their musical journey.During this two-week camp，every student will experience hands-on instruction in the instrument and practice performance technique （技巧） in a band setting.
B.Complete Skills Camp
Complete Skills Camp is designed to help teenage students improve their game and basketball skills.Each player will be challenged to get better through repetition of basic skills.Players will also be able to test their skills each day through different competitions.
C.Scikidz Day Camp
Scikidz Day Camp is designed to offer children a choice of many different science themes，such as experiments and projects in Video Game Creation，Engineering，and much more.The camp provides an opportunity to see how science works in the real world.
D.Edu-Inter's French Camp
At Edu-Inter's French camp，campers get French language classes in the morning，then cultural activities，social events in the afternoon.Young learners will get the opportunity to speak the language not only with teachers and other campers，but also in real-life settings outside the classroom.
(1) Lucy is a music fan.She plans to learn to play an instrument this summer vacation. ______
(2) Mike is interested in sports，especially basketball.He wants to improve his basketball skills. ______
(3) Celia is an American girl.She'd like to learn a foreign language and experience different cultures. ______
O
Jameson stood outside the kitchen，listening to his mother's phone conversation.
"I'm sure he'd love to，" his mother said.
Jameson knew she was talking to Mrs.Kyle down the street.She had a son four years younger than Jameson and was always trying to get Jameson to play with him.Only Jameson didn't want to play with him.He felt bored playing baby games.Jameson hoped Mrs.Kyle wasn't getting Mom to agree to a play date.
Mom said goodbye，and Jameson ran to his room.He sat down at his desk and took out his math book.His mom knocked on the door.
"Jameson，may I come in？"
"I'm really busy studying for my math test right now." Maybe that would make Mom think twice about forcing him to play with Timothy Kyle.
"Oh，okay then.Never mind."
Jameson heard his mom walk back down the hall.He was happy his plan had worked，but now he had to stay in his room because his mom thought he was studying.
He looked outside.The sun was shining，and it was the perfect day to be outdoors.He pictured playing football in the park with his friends.Then he thought about the best thing of all，going to the new amusement park.He'd been dying to （渴望） go，but tickets were expensive and he hadn't saved up enough money yet.
He spent the afternoon tossing （掷） his football straight up in the air while lying on his bed.He was more than bored.Even playing with Timothy Kyle was better than this.
He got up and went downstairs.
"All finished studying？" Mom asked.
Jameson nodded.Then his mom said， "Mrs.Kyle called earlier.She had tickets to the new amusement park.She said you could have them."
Things were different from what Jameson thought.He deeply regretted what he did. "I should try to figure out （弄清楚） what is exactly happening instead of lying to Mom for my own good，" he thought.
22. How did Jameson feel about playing baby games with Mrs.Kyle's son？ ______
A. Hopeful. B. Happy. C. Worried. D. Bored.
23. Jameson spent the whole afternoon ______ .
A. playing with Timothy Kyle B. playing football in the park
C. studying for a math test D. staying in his room
24. Jameson regretted what he did because he realized that ______ .
A. he shouldn't tell a lie for his own good
B. staying with young kids wasn't that bad
C. playing outdoors was much more interesting
D. he shouldn't listen to other's phone conversation
P
Yawning is something we all do — maybe because we're bored carrying out uninteresting tasks or because we're tired.Sometimes，just seeing another people yawn can cause you to yawn.But is yawning really contagious （传染的），and why do we do it in the first place？
Many of us think we open our mouths when we yawn to take in more oxygen （氧气），but in fact it appears there is no clear reason.According to BBC Bitesize，new research suggests it might be because yawning cools the brain down and prevents it from overheating，much like the fan in your computer.This might be why we're more likely to feel sleepy and yawn in warm temperatures.
What is clear is that we yawn more when we're very tired and ready for a short sleep，and we can't control when we do it — once we start，there's no stopping us!But it's also true that yawning is a very contagious behaviour.John Drury，a researcher from Sussex University，told the BBC， "Yawning is something that you can't stop.Dogs yawn when their owners yawn.Animals yawn at each other.It happens whether you want to or not."
His research into this behaviour found that there is a connection with our social group and how close we are to the people in it.If we identify with （认同） the person who yawns，we are likely to copy it too.
Another research by the University of Nottingham in 2017 found similar results.They asked volunteers to watch other people yawn.They found their ability to prevent yawning when others around them yawned was limited.And the desire （渴望） to yawn was increased when people were told they couldn't.They also found，when using electrical stimulation （刺激），that they were able to increase people's desire to yawn.These findings，they say，could be useful because it could help treat other conditions like Tourette's （儿童抽动症），which involve the same area of the brain.
What is certain is that the act of yawning can happen at any time even when we think we're not tired — but，I hope，not when you're reading this article!
25. According to BBC Bitesize，the reason why we yawn might be ______ .
A. our brains need to exercise
B. we have to breathe more oxygen
C. our brains need to be cooled down
D. we are not used to warm temperatures
26. What can we learn from the research by the University of Nottingham？ ______
A. The use of electrical stimulation can help control the strong wish to yawn.
B. People can keep themselves from yawning when they are told not to do it.
C. People are more likely to yawn when someone around them yawns.
D. The findings of the research can be used to prevent some diseases.
27. What is the passage mainly about？ ______
A. The process of yawning.
B. The reasons for yawning.
C. The use of findings about yawning.
D. The development of studying yawning.
Q
Separate Boys and Girls at School
Jack White is a 17-year-old student who has already published a collection of poetry with a local publisher.Jack believes switching （转换） to an all-boys school changed his life.
"When I was at my coed （男女同校的） school，poetry was for girls，not boys.Boys were supposed to like subjects like math，computers，and science.When I wrote poems，the boys at school used to make fun of me.At my new school，things are different.
Jack may not realize that boys and girls also learn and think differently based on specific （特有的） biological developments.These differences have an effect on how and when boys and girls learn，so single-sex （单性别的） education is actually better for children.
Take，for example，brain development.The areas of the brain involved in language，feelings，physical coordination （协调），and social relationships develop in a different order and speed in girls and boys.Teenage girls find it easier to answer the question， "How does the story make you feel？" than teenage boys.Research has shown that teenage girls' brains develop the connections between language and emotions earlier than boys' brains.A teenage boy will have more difficulty answering that question because his brain has not fully developed that connection yet.In a single-sex classroom，everyone's brain is developing at similar speeds，so teachers can teach according to their students' actual abilities.
Boys and girls also have different hearing abilities.Girls have a sense of hearing which is two to four times better than boys.Women teachers often speak more quietly，so boys may have more difficulty hearing a woman teacher if she is talking in her "normal" voice.The teacher needs to speak louder to get the boys' attention.In a single-sex school，teachers do not have to keep adjusting the volume of their voice.
Jack might not notice the biological arguments why single-sex education is better，but he realizes that he is learning faster at his new school.As Jack says， "I hated writing and studying English in my old coed school，but look at me now，I am a published poet!My new school helped me become comfortable with who I really am."
28. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. Girls usually have less opportunities to talk in class in a coed school.
B. Jack was laughed at by other boys because he was not good at poetry.
C. The part of the brain that understands our emotions grows slower in boys.
D. Boys' and girls' brains will develop at similar speeds if they study together.
29. What will probably happen in a single-sex school？ ______
A. Students will learn and make progress at the same speed.
B. Teachers will give lessons based on their students' abilities.
C. Students will be expected to learn poetry as a main subject.
D. Teachers will ask more questions involved in students' emotions.
30. The words "adjusting the volume" in Paragraph 5 probably mean " ______ ".
A. changing the loudness B. increasing the clearness
C. lowering the level D. controlling the speed
31. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？ ______
A. To explain why single-sex education is better.
B. To show how a boy became a published poet.
C. To compare how boys and girls think differently.
D. To discuss the problem of writing poems at school.
32.
Technology Keeps Grandparents and Grandchildren Connected
When it comes to keeping in touch with grandchildren，grandparents need to learn new technologies.They are taking advantage of choices like video chatting，text messaging and social media （社交网络媒介） to keep in touch with their grandchildren in more ways than ever before，according to a survey.
Mary Taylor is a typical case.She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren，all of whom are under the age of seven.They live in different countries.Mary says video chatting is the next best thing to being with her grandchildren even though it requires planning to schedule calls and taking the time differences into account （考虑到）. "It's not always perfect，" she says， "but it's certainly better than talking on the phone，especially with kids at those ages."
According to the survey，more than 20% of grandparents use video chatting to communicate，which is a little less than the number of those who often use text messaging but more than those who prefer to use social media.
But with a number of choices out there，keeping up with new technologies can be a challenge for them.74-year-old Mary Carr-McNally says she calls her grandchildren back when they text her. "I'm not very good at texting，so I call them back，and then we chat，" she says.
In all，more than 30% of them say that learning new technologies is difficult.That's why phone calls remain the most popular form of communication for grandparents，nearly half of whom say they talk with their grandchildren by phone.
Still，more than 40% of grandparents say they're good at learning new technologies.Take Alice Smith for example.She owns a laptop，a tablet and a smartphone，and uses them to keep in touch with her five grandchildren aged 4 to 16.She says she likes to text the older three and depends on video chatting with the younger ones.
"Texting is quick and simple.But we can do a lot of things on video chatting，" she says. "If the kids want to see something，I walk around and show them.Video chatting also allows me to see my loved one's facial expressions as we speak and does not require typing （打字） or reading small print.It's the next best thing to meeting someone face-to-face."
(1) How does Mary Taylor stay in touch with her grandchildren？ ______
(2) Why do phone calls remain the most popular form of communication for grandparents？ ______
(3) What does Alice Smith think of texting？ ______
(4) In your opinion，which is the best way for grandparents to keep in touch with their grandchildren？Why？（ List at least two reasons） ______ ______
33. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris给你发来邮件，想了解你的日常体育活动情况。请你用英语回复一封邮件，介绍你进行体育锻炼的情况，锻炼的时间，以及锻炼的益处。
提示词语：ball games，running，morning，healthy，improve
提示问题：
● What exercise do you take？
● When do you exercise？
● What benefits have you got？
Dear Chris，
How are you getting on？I'm glad to tell you something about the exercise I take
Yours， Li Hua
34. 持之以恒是每一位青少年都应该具备的优秀品质。
某英文网站正在开展以 "One Thing I Keep Doing" 为主题的征文活动。假定你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在学习或生活中一直坚持做的一件事情，你坚持这样做的理由，以及这样做给你带来了哪些影响和改变。
提示词语：perseverance （坚持），reading，practice，knowledge
提示问题：
● What is the thing that you keep doing？
● Why do you keep doing it？
● How does it make a difference to you？
Perseverance is the quality that every teenager should have.
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】he他，she她，it它，they他（她、它）们，根据前面my sister is only six years old我妹妹只有六岁，可知，此处指代my sister，在句子中充当主语，要用人称代词she。
故选：B。
我妹妹只有六岁，但她能很好地照顾自己。
掌握不同人称代词的主格的词义是解答此题的关键。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查时间介词。Sundays"星期天"，具体到某天通常用介词on。
故选：A。
在星期天我经常帮助妈妈做家务。
平时积累记忆单词的词义和用法，根据句意和具体语境解题作答。
3.【答案】A
【解析】A.所以（表因果）；B.但是（表转折）；C.因为（表原因）；D.或者（表选择）。根据 Both my brother and I like films（我和哥哥都喜欢电影）和we often go to the cinema（我们经常去看电影）可知，前半句是原因，后半句是结果，此处要填的连词是引导表示结果的句子，故填so。
故选：A。
我和哥哥都喜欢电影，所以我们经常去看电影。
掌握不同连词的含义及用法，结合语境选择正确答案。
4.【答案】A
【解析】needn't不需要；wouldn't不会；shouldn't不应该；can't不可以。由must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答，用don't have to/needn't作答，意为"不必，不需要"。
故选：A。
—打扰了，我必须在一个星期之内还书吗？
—不，你不需要。你可以再借两天。
熟练掌握情态动词的用法，分析各个选项，结合句意选择正确的情态动词。
5.【答案】C
【解析】When什么时候；Why为什么；How怎么；Where在哪。根据By bus"乘公共汽车"可知，对出行方式提问用How。
故选：C。
—Jim，你爸爸通常怎么上班？
—乘公共汽车。
疑问词通常用来构成疑问句，要根据具体的语境，分清疑问词的用法，选择合适答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】 famous著名的，形容词；more famous比较级形式；most famous前面要加the构成最高级形式；the most famous最高级形式。根据题干，可知考查one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式，表示最……之一。
故选：D。
李时珍是中国历史上最著名的医生之一。
熟悉形容词的比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
7.【答案】C
【解析】A.was working工作（过去进行时）；B.will work工作（一般将来时）；C.am working（现在进行时）；D.worked工作（一般过去时）。根据at the moment（现在）可知表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，应该用现在进行时，主语是I，构成是：I am+v.-ing+其它。
故选：C。
——彼得，我可以用你的iPad吗？
——对不起。我现在正在用它工作。
掌握不现在进行时的结构、用法和标志词是解答此题的关键。
8.【答案】A
【解析】arrive到达，动词原形，will arrive一般将来时，arrived过去式，用于一般过去时，have arrived现在完成时。连词if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原因，主句要用一般将来时，助动词will+动词原形。
故选：A。
如果你坐地铁去，半小时后你就会到达颐和园。
掌握if引导的条件状语从句是解答此题的关键。
9.【答案】D
【解析】A.prepares准备（一般现在时）B.will prepare准备（一般将来时）C.is preparing准备（现在进行时）D.was preparing准备（过去进行时）。根据when I went into his office（当我走进他办公室时），went是go的过去式，可知描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，应该用过去进行时，构成是主语+was/were+v.-ing，主语是Mr.Green第三人称单数。
故选：D。
当我走进格林先生的办公室时，他正在备课。
掌握时态的用法和结构是解答此题的关键。
10.【答案】C
【解析】 do动词原形；did 一般过去时；will do 一般将来时；have done 现在完成时。根据句中"since last year"提示，句子应用现在完成时。
故选：C。
从去年以来，我和我的同学们做了很多志愿工作。
根据时间状语、标志词或上下文来判断句子的时态，根据时态的构成，给出答案。
11.【答案】D
【解析】A hold 动词原形；B held 一般过去时；C is held一般现在时的被动语态；D was held 一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语last month，句子用一般过去时，排除A和C选项。主语sports meeting和动词hold之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选：D。
上个月我们学校举办了一场运动会。我们班得了第一名。
根据时间状语判断句子的时态，再判断主语和谓语之间是主动还是被动关系。
12.【答案】B
【解析】 A.我们什么时候举办，疑问句语序；B.我们什么时候举办；C.我们在哪里举办，疑问句语序；D.我们在哪里举办。know后用宾语从句，需用陈述句语序，排除A和C。根据Next Wednesday.（下周三。）可知此句提问时间。
故选：B。
-玛丽，你知道我们什么时候举办英语竞赛？
-是的，我知道。下周三。
了解宾语从句知识点，观察选项排除疑问句语序。结合语境即可得出答案。
13~20.【答案】D、A、C、B、B、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查动词辨析。句意：卡兰每次都试图比阿伦做得更好，但从未成功。refused拒绝；stopped阻止；complained抱怨；succeeded成功。根据"but never（但从来没有）"可知，卡兰试图比阿伦做得更好，但是没有成功，故选D。
（2）考查形容词辨析。句意：一天，当卡兰回到家时，他感到很沮丧。upset沮丧的；surprised惊讶的；happy开心的；satisfied满意的。根据"Why do you look unhappy（你为什么看起来不高兴）"可知，卡兰不开心，故选A。
（3）考查动词辨析。句意：当人们称赞阿伦时，你不喜欢。avoid避免；beat打败；praise表扬；understand理解。根据"When he loses，you feel happy（当他输了，你会感到高兴）"可知，前句说的是人们表扬阿伦，故选C。
（4）考查动词辨析。句意：不要嫉妒，你应该把精力集中在欣赏阿伦身上的积极品质上。hope希望；energy精力；advice建议；dream梦想。根据"Instead of being jealous，you should focus your…on appreciating （欣赏） the positive qualities in Arun（与其嫉妒，你应该集中……于欣赏阿伦的积极品质）"可知，妈妈让卡兰不要把精力浪费在嫉妒上，要把精力集中在欣赏阿伦身上的积极品质上。故选B。
（5）考查副词辨析。句意：卡兰无言地低下头。carelessly粗心地；speechlessly哑口无言地；seriously严肃地；curiously好奇地。结合语境可知，卡兰听了妈妈所说的话后感到愧疚。所以哑口无言，故选B。
（6）考查动词辨析。句意：他总是按照自己的时间表学习。follows遵循；changes改变；forgets忘记；discusses讨论。根据"He lists al the schoolwork that he has to do and when he should do each thing（他列出了他必须做的所有作业，以及每件事应该什么时候做）"可知，阿伦列出了他必须做的所有功课，以及他应该在什么时候做每件事，所以他会按照自己时间表学习，故选A。
（7）考查动词辨析。句意：从那天起，他开始注意到阿伦的优点。change改变；improve提升；spread扩散；notice注意。根据"He felt inspired （受到启发的）.From that day，he began to…Arun's good qualities（他感到受到鼓舞。从那天起，他开始……阿伦的优秀品质）"可知，应该是注意到阿伦的优点，故选D。
（8）考查名词辨析。句意：他很高兴看到自己的进步。choice选择；progress进步；advantage优势；influence影响。根据"In the following exam，Arun again stood first while Karan came second（在接下来的考试中，阿伦再次获得第一名，卡兰获得第二名）"可知，这次卡兰一点也不嫉妒，他很高兴看到自己的进步。故选B。
本文主要介绍卡兰嫉妒自己的朋友阿伦每次都比自己做得更好，经过妈妈的开导后，再也不嫉妒了。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
21.【答案】【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【解析】（1）细节推理题。根据Lucy is a music fan.She plans to learn to play an instrument this summer vacation.（露西是个音乐迷。她计划今年暑假学习一种乐器。）可知说的是音乐相关的信息，结合选项，A选项"伯克利夏令营是渴望开始音乐之旅的年轻学生的完美选择。"符合语境。故选A。
（2）细节推理题。根据Mike is interested in sports，especially basketball.He wants to improve his basketball skills.（迈克对运动很感兴趣，尤其是篮球。他想提高他的篮球技术。）可知说的是篮球相关的信息，结合选项，B选项"完整技能训练营旨在帮助青少年学生提高他们的比赛和篮球技能。每个玩家都将面临通过重复基本技能而变得更好的挑战。"符合语境。故选B。
（3）细节推理题。根据Celia is an American girl.She'd like to learn a foreign language and experience different cultures.（西莉亚是一个美国女孩。她想学一门外语，体验不同的文化。）可知说的是外语相关的信息，结合选项，D选项"在Edu-Inter的法语夏令营，营员们上午上法语课，然后下午参加文化活动和社交活动。"符合语境。故选D。
（1）露西是个音乐迷。她计划今年暑假学习一种乐器。——伯克利夏令营是渴望开始音乐之旅的年轻学生的完美选择。在为期两周的夏令营中，每个学生都将体验乐器的实践指导，并在乐队的背景下练习演奏技巧。
（2）迈克对运动很感兴趣，尤其是篮球。他想提高他的篮球技术。——完整技能训练营旨在帮助青少年学生提高他们的比赛和篮球技能。每个玩家都将面临通过重复基本技能而变得更好的挑战。玩家每天还可以通过不同的比赛来测试自己的技能。
（3）西莉亚是一个美国女孩。她想学一门外语，体验不同的文化。——在Edu-Inter的法语夏令营，营员们上午上法语课，然后下午参加文化活动和社交活动。年轻的学习者不仅有机会与老师和其他营员交谈，而且有机会在课堂外的现实生活中使用这门语言。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
22~24.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第三段中的He felt bored playing baby games.（他觉得玩婴儿游戏很无聊。）可知，Jameson对和Kyle太太的儿子玩婴儿游戏感到无聊，故选：D。
（2）根据第十段He spent the afternoon tossing his football straight up in the air while lying on his bed.（他躺在床上，整个下午都在把足球掷向空中。）可知，Jameson整个下午都呆在他的房间里，故选：D。
（3）根据最后一段中的I should try to figure out what is exactly happening instead of lying to Mom for my own good，（我应该试着弄清楚到底发生了什么，而不是为了我自己的利益而对妈妈撒谎。）可知，Jameson后悔自己的所作所为，因为他意识到他不应该为了自己的利益而撒谎，故选：A。
短文主要讲述了一个男孩Jameson不想和比他小的邻居Timothy Kyle玩耍，他的母亲却想让他和Timothy一起玩。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
25~27.【答案】C、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段According to BBC Bitesize，new research suggests it might be because yawning cools the brain down and prevents it from overheating，much like the fan in your computer.（据英国广播公司Bitesize报道，新的研究表明，这可能是因为打哈欠可以冷却大脑，防止大脑过热，就像电脑里的风扇一样。）可知，据英国广播公司Bitesize报道，我们打哈欠的原因可能是我们的大脑需要冷却。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段Another research by the University of Nottingham in 2017 found similar results.They asked volunteers to watch other people yawn.They found their ability to prevent yawning when others around them yawned was limited.（诺丁汉大学2017年的另一项研究也发现了类似的结果。他们让志愿者观察其他人打哈欠。他们发现，当周围的人打哈欠时，他们防止打哈欠的能力有限。）可知，我们能从诺丁汉大学的研究中了解到当周围的人打哈欠时，人们更容易打哈欠。故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了打哈欠的原因和打哈欠是否具有传染性。这段话主要讲打哈欠的原因。故选B。
本文主要讲述了打哈欠的原因和打哈欠是否具有传染性。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28~31.【答案】C、B、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段Research has shown that teenage girls' brains develop the connections between language and emotions earlier than boys' brains.（研究表明，十几岁女孩的大脑比男孩的大脑更早地开发出语言和情绪之间的联系。）可知，大脑中理解我们情绪的部分在男孩身上生长得较慢。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段In a single-sex classroom，everyone's brain is developing at similar speeds，so teachers can teach according to their students' actual abilities.（在单性别的课堂上，每个人的大脑都以相似的速度发展，所以老师可以根据学生的实际能力进行教学。）可知，单性别学校可能教师将根据学生的能力进行授课。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第五段Women teachers often speak more quietly，so boys may have more difficulty hearing a woman teacher if she is talking in her "normal" voice.The teacher needs to speak louder to get the boys' attention.In a single-sex school，teachers do not have to keep adjusting the volume of their voice.（女教师通常说话更安静，所以如果女教师用"正常"的声音说话，男孩可能更难听到她说话。老师需要大声说话才能引起男孩的注意。在单性学校，老师不必一直……他们声音的。）可猜测出，下划线单词的意思应是"调整音量"。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讲述了单性别教育的好处。文章以一个17岁的男孩Jack White的经历为例，他在之前的混合学校中写诗被同学嘲笑，但在转到全男校后，他的写作得到了更好的发展。然后文章引入了生物学上男女学习和思考的差异，这些差异会影响到男女学生的学习方式和时间，因此单性别教育对孩子们来说更好。故作者写这篇文章的主要目的是解释为什么单性别教育更好。故选A。
这篇文章主要讲述了单性别教育的好处。文章以一个17岁的男孩Jack White的经历为例，他在之前的混合学校中写诗被同学嘲笑，但在转到全男校后，他的写作得到了更好的发展。然后文章引入了生物学上男女学习和思考的差异，这些差异会影响到男女学生的学习方式和时间，因此单性别教育对孩子们来说更好。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32.【答案】【小题1】She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren.
【小题2】Because learning new technologies is difficult for them.
【小题3】Texting is quick and simple.
【小题4】By video chatting
【解析】（1）细节理解题目。根据第二段提到She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren，all of whom are under the age of seven.（她依靠视频聊天和孙辈们保持联系）可知，Mary Taylor 与孙辈们保持联系是能过视频聊天，故填She depends on video chatting to stay in touch with her grandchildren。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段提到In all，more than 30% of them say that learning new technologies is difficult.That's why phone calls remain the most popular form of communication for grandparents（超过百分之三十的人表示学习新技术很困难，这就是为什么电话仍然是祖父母最常用的交流方式）可知，打电话仍是祖父母交流最受欢迎的形式，故填Because learning new technologies is difficult for them。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段提到Texting is quick and simple（发短信既快捷又简单）可知，她认为发短信既快捷又简单，故填Texting is quick and simple。
（4）细节理解题。与祖父母保持联系最简单的方式视频聊天。故填By video chatting 1.Because it didn't require typing and reading small print.2.it's next best thing to meeting someone face-to-face.
本文主要介绍了爷爷奶奶们和孙子们保持联系的一些方式。
这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有英汉互译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案；英汉互译题需要根据句意及汉英语言各自的语法习惯来翻译。
33.【答案】Dear Chris，
How are you getting on？I'm glad to tell you something about the exercise I take.In the morning，I often go running in the nearby park in order to refresh my mind and have a good mood for the whole day. 【高分句型一】After lunch，I usually take a walk so that I can relax.After school，I prefer to play some ball games with my classmates and friends.（我喜欢做的运动及时间）
Doing exercise benefits me a lot.It can not only improve my physical health but also lift up my spirit. 【高分句型二】I love doing exercise.（从中我得到了什么）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】 【高分句型一】
In the morning，I often go running in the nearby park in order to refresh my mind and have a good mood for the whole day.早上，我经常去附近的公园跑步，以保证我的头脑清醒，一整天都有一个好心情。in order to 为了。
【高分句型二】
It can not only improve my physical health but also lift up my spirit.它不仅可以改善我的身体健康，也可以提升我的精神。not only ...but also ...不仅...而且...
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
34.【答案】One Thing I Keep Doing Perseverance is the quality that every teenager should have.We can get knowledge in many ways.Reading is one of the best ways.（一直在做的事情是什么）
Reading makes me open up my eyes to the outside world.It makes me learn a lot of things that I have never known before.【高分句型一】So I buy lots of different books.Sometimes I also borrow books from others or the library.I also make a reading plan so that I can have enough time to read.【高分句型二】（怎么做的）
Reading makes my life meaningful and colourful.When I feel sad，reading makes me happy.It helped me put a lot of my ideas into practice.I will keep it all my life.（有什么影响）
【解析】【高分句型一】
It makes me learn a lot of things that I have never known before.它让我学到了很多我以前不知道的东西。
that引导定语从句。
【高分句型二】
I also make a reading plan so that I can have enough time to read.我还制定了一个阅读计划，这样我就有足够的时间阅读。
so that引导目的状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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