2023届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期二模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期二模英语试题（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Where To See Pandas
Dujiangyan Panda Base
Pandas: about 20
Activities: panda viewing, and panda keeper program
Suitable for: those who want a less-crowded panda base or to join in a one-day volunteer program
If you’re looking for close contact with pandas, a panda keeper program is the best choice. It offers the perfect opportunity to see and serve those lovely creatures.
Dujiangyan Panda Base focuses on breeding, wilderness training, and releasing pandas into the wild. Only 1. 5 hours from Chengdu, it is the most easily-accessible panda base offering a panda keeper program.
Wolong Panda Base
Pandas: about 30
Activities: seeing pandas, panda keeper program, hiking in wild panda habitat
Best for: those who take part in a volunteer program in a peaceful environment
Compared with Dujiangyan, Wolong Panda Base is much further away from Chengdu. Thus, it is less frequented by visitors. Besides, Wolong National Nature Reserve is considered to be the real hometown of wild pandas. Hike in Dengsheng Gorge, learn about the habitat of wild giant pandas, and try tracking a wild panda.
Giant Panda Breeding Research Base
Pandas: about 50
Activities: seeing pandas and cubs, watching panda breeding movies
Best for: people who have limited time, and are only interested in seeing pandas. Giant Panda Breeding Research Base is one of the largest panda reserves with 50 giant pandas. It specializes in baby pandas and their care.
September is the best time to see adorable newly-born cubs and naughty year-old panda cubs. Visiting the panda playground in the morning will brighten your trip. You might see them snoozing on tree stumps, gamboling with one another, or crunching on bamboo shoots. . .
Guangzhou Chimelong Safari Park
Activities: seeing pandas, 1-hour Little Panda Keeper Program
Best for: families with kids, foreigners in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong
Chimelong Safari Park is considered to be the largest wildlife theme park in China. The only visitable panda triplets are the stars there. During your visit, you can have meals at a panda-themed canteen where pandas play next to the windows.
Kids over 5 years old have the chance to join in a 1-hour Little Panda Keeper Program. They will learn about pandas, make a panda cake, and visit the panda house.
1．How many of these places offer visitors a chance to experience panda-keeping temporarily?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
2．Which of the following is CORRECT according to the passage?
A．Visitors can visit the hometown of wild pandas and see some of them in Wolong Panda Base.
B．It is best to visit young pandas on September mornings because they are usually more active at that time.
C．Giant Panda Breeding Research Base owns the largest number of pandas among the four places.
D．Kids in Guangzhou Chimelong Safari Park can feed pandas when they are eating beside pandas.
3．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A biography.
B．A guidebook.
C．A website.
D．An advertisement.

A few years ago, when I was caring for my seriously ill father, I lost my voice. At first, I just sounded hoarse when I was having difficult conversations about Dad’s condition. But before long, I couldn’t even say “Yes please” to a cup of tea without sounding like an unusually breathless Minnie Mouse. After consulting an ear, nose and throat specialist, I was told that I had lost my voice due to stress.
We’re all familiar with the muscle tightening that comes with the body’s natural response to stress. The muscles in and around the voice box are no exception, and a long period of stress can lead to lasting damage to the vocal cords(声带). Perhaps the most obvious thing you can do to protect your voice is to give it a rest. That doesn’t mean you have to keep silent. Just try to avoid places, such as noisy bars and restaurants, where you have to speak up or shout to be heard, and move closer to people so you can talk in your normal voice. While some of the advice seems like common sense, there are a few surprises. It’s important to resist the urge to cough or clear your throat before attempting to speak, for example. Coughing pushes the vocal cords together with force, which can increase the risk of losing your voice. Instead, experts suggest taking a few big yawns, making sure to breathe deeply from the bottom of your lungs. Yawning helps create more space in your throat and relaxes the muscles.
Whispering may seem the obvious way to communicate when your voice is failing, but for most of us, it causes more problems. It’s far better, the researchers advise to aim to speak softly in your normal voice.
Interestingly, a University of Missouri study found that introverts (内向者) are more likely to suffer from speech-related stress reactions, which affect their vocal control. Simply taking a deep breath before you speak can go a long way towards calming the nerves, says study lead author Professor Maria Dietrich.
In my case seeking more support with Dad’s care helped me sound more like myself and less like Minnie within weeks.
4．What does the underlined word “hoarse” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Unable to speak.
B．Unable to express oneself.
C．(Sounding) sweet and smooth.
D．(Sounding) rough and unpleasant.
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To make the article interesting.
C．To share the author’s personal experience.
D．To offer evidence for the author’s argument.
6．According to the text, what is a good way to protect your vocal cords?
A．Whispering in a noisy environment.
B．Avoiding big yawns before speaking.
C．Shortening the distance from others.
D．Coughing softly to make your voice clear.
7．Why is it more likely for introverts to have vocal cord problems?
A．They have difficulty in vocal control.
B．They always whisper, which may cause more problems.
C．They are probably under more pressure when speaking.
D．They always forget to take a deep breath before talking.

Known on social media as The Sioux Chef, Sean Sherman grew up on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. He is reconnecting the locals of North America with native flavors and ingredients, and working to inspire a generation of indigenous (本土的) chefs to reclaim their cooking past.
Pine Ridge in South Dakota contains some of the poorest communities in the country, and it’s out of that environment that Sherman got his first job in the restaurant industry as a dishwasher at a local steakhouse. As he developed a love of cooking, which saw him move to Minneapolis to study Japanese and French cuisines, Sherman realized he didn’t know indigenous recipes.
“What were my Lakota ancestors eating and storing away? How were they getting oils, salts and fats and things like that?” Sherman remembered asking himself in an interview on PBS NewsHour. “So it took me quite a few years of just researching, but it really became a passion. ”
These years of researching, talking to elders, and consulting written material helped him produce The Sioux Chefs Indigenous Kitchen, which in 2018 won Sherman the James Beard Award for Best American Cookbook.
After publishing the book, Sherman opened his restaurant, Owamni, in Minneapolis and created the North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems(NATIFS). It is a professional indigenous kitchen and training center that seeks to create an educational space for native chefs to be trained and develop their skills, and reconnect with their cooking heritage.
“Part of our challenge to ourselves was to cut out ingredients that are not native so we stopped using dairy, wheat flour and cane sugar, ” he said. He cooks with local ingredients. His choices of meats are the same as those hunted by his ancestors — deer, fish, and birds.
“For indigenous people who went through very strong assimilation (同化现象), we lost a lot of our food culture,” Sherman said. “But we’re at a point now where we can reclaim it and develop it for the next generation. To be able to share culture through food will be really healing.”
8．What did Sherman realize when he was in Minneapolis?
A．He didn’t have enough cooking passion.
B．He should spend a few years researching cooking.
C．He should write a book about the indigenous recipes.
D．He didn’t know his Lakota ancestors’ cooking ways and ingredients.
9．Sherman set up the NATIFS center to ________.
A．make money and open his own restaurant
B．build an educational space for local children
C．train and help local chefs to cook local food
D．teach native chefs the most superb cooking skills
10．What is a problem for his native cooking culture according to Sherman?
A．Very strong assimilation.
B．Its high speed of evolution.
C．Too much meat in the diet.
D．Indigenous recipes that can’t be shared.
11．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Local recipes: chefs trained
B．Local recipes: fame achieved
C．Local recipes: restaurants refreshed
D．Local recipes: food culture preserved

The topic of China’s “slash youth”, referring to those refusing to be defined or bound by just one personal identity and choosing to undertake multiple careers, has fueled heated debate on social media, drawing attention to the diverse pursuits of the younger generation. On Douban, a Chinese social networking platform, the topic “slash life on and off work” has attracted about 11,000 posts and has been viewed over 400 million times.
The “slash youth”, which could also be called slashers or slash-generation, are ready to share their slash youth stories, presenting as multiple and sometimes distinct identities, such as a nurse and model, a teacher and stand-up comedian, and an engineer and band player. Rather than material comforts, they pursue meaningful achievement.
A diverse career can enable them to develop new experiences and talents as well as social and professional networks, leading to greater flexibility in life and work, recognition and satisfaction.
A study on “slash youth” published in the China Youth Research magazine analyzes the background of this phenomenon: with part of modern society’s structured organization and stability norms (规范) are broken, flexible labor markets and structural unemployment has emerged, eliminating the sense of job security of the young people in employment. Young people also face the dilemma of self-actualization (自我实现), including the sense of powerlessness, lost sense of value and lack of self-identity in the profession, which forces them to re-find the meaning of work.
“The ‘slash life’ shows that, along with China’s economic development, our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclusive, and it welcomes everyone’s self-fulfillment,” said Shi Yanrong, an associate researcher from Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences. “Young people no longer have to rely on work and money for their sense of self-worth. They tend to create their own identities.” The researcher added that against the background that people have multiple interests and are willing to pay for these interests nowadays, the “slash life” of the youth would drive the growth of a new economy.
12．What do we know about the “slash youth”?
A．They tend to undertake multiple careers.
B．They are keen to pursue material comforts.
C．They enjoy posting themselves on social media.
D．They can easily adjust themselves to challenges in life.
13．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The importance of flexible labor markets.
B．Reasons for the emergence of “slash youth”.
C．Young people’s pursuits in their profession.
D．Causes of losing self-identity among the youth.
14．What does Shi Yanrong think of the slash life?
A．It makes youths realize their self-worth.
B．It helps increase people’s independence.
C．It inspires young people’s creativity at work.
D．It enables young people to earn high incomes.
15．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To provide career guidance.
B．To analyze a cultural difference.
C．To share a unique life experience.
D．To introduce a social phenomenon.


二、七选五
Experience-Based Education
Everyone is familiar with traditional education. You sit in a class and a teacher teaches. This is an important part of development. But at some point, every individual has to take charge of their own education. To do this, one must look at the root of learning. 16
Basically, unfamiliar experiences usually add more value than experiences that are familiar. 17 .And you are in a better state to learn something new. Honestly, someone who never experiences the same thing twice will never have a chance to benefit from anything learned. However, new experiences are generally what make people interested and push them to grow.
High school is a new experience. College is a new experience. 18 It is not that you won’t learn anything else, but that the environment is so familiar. As a result, you can easily become less aware of your experience and not learn as much.
To solve this, an individual needs to introduce new experiences into their life. You may spend a summer in a different part of the country or learn a new language through trial and error. You can also go to a drive-in movie (or some other entertainment events that are new to you). 19
These types of experiences often result in very little “book knowledge”. Instead, they will often provide you with a better understanding of yourself as you experience your reaction to different situations. They will also provide you with a better understanding of others. 20
Becoming a well-rounded human isn’t something that happens by accident. You can spend your entire lifetime developing your potential.
A．Has education changed so much in the last decade?
B．However, at some point traditional education becomes repetitive.
C．Those new experiences may not lead to great personal development.
D．It can be valuable for you to work effectively with different people.
E．These are all things that can stretch and expand your experiences in life.
F．This is because unfamiliar experiences require much more of our attention.
G．What makes some experiences add great value to our lives while other experiences do not?


三、完形填空
I was backpacking in Panama and planned to climb Volcán Barú. I’ve always felt safe travelling as a solo (单独的) woman. I love the 21 . The first part of the climb was 22 so I stopped to take a photograph. Suddenly I heard fierce barking behind me.
I turned and saw two dogs running 23 towards me. I tried to keep calm, but my heart was 24 . They stopped a dozen feet from where I stood and kept barking. I knew they could move fast, so I didn’t want to try to 25 them.
Then one 26 and sunk his teeth into my leg below the knee. The pain took my breath away. I considered 27 down to get a stone to fight him off, but was nervous in case he went for my neck. I was thinking I might not get out of this 28 .
I tried to keep walking, and he finally let go. I kept going until after about 15 minutes I was out of their 29 When I thought it was 30 , I stopped. I rolled up my trousers and saw blood. The leggings (绑腿) had 31 as a bit of protection but there were marks on the left side. I managed to stop the 32 with tissues from my bag.
I couldn’t walk up the volcano. I imagined being 33 there by myself all night. Just then, I heard rustling (瑟瑟声) and 34 . The noise got louder until a pickup truck appeared, driven by an old farmer. He told me to get in. The 35 was unbelievable.
21．A．scenery B．freedom C．challenge D．encounter
22．A．dull B．tiresome C．beautiful D．tough
23．A．aggressively B．breathlessly C．secretly D．patiently
24．A．broken B．fallen C．melting D．racing
25．A．catch B．outrun C．frighten D．disturb
26．A．fell behind B．knelt down C．dashed up D．dropped out
27．A．bending B．rushing C．speeding D．striking
28．A．awake B．alarmed C．alive D．annoyed
29．A．control B．way C．pity D．sight
30．A．useless B．safe C．lucky D．late
31．A．acted B．worn C．regarded D．guided
32．A．cold B．panic C．aching D．bleeding
33．A．stuck B．killed C．buried D．saved
34．A．jumped B．froze C．ran D．ignored
35．A．frustration B．reluctance C．relief D．courage


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the pre-Qin period, Chengdu 36 (be) an important cultural town in China. But 37 really sets the city apart, culturally, is its opera. 38 important aspect of Sichuan Opera is the magic of “face changing” where vividly coloured masks are changed within the blink of an eye. In opera gardens and tea houses across the town, audiences 39 (want) a glimpse of the local culture love to drink tea while listening to Sichuan Opera and watching face changing.
It is believed that “face changing” has its roots in 40 (evolve). Early humans 41 (need) strategies to avoid fierce animals and foreign invaders. Often, aggressive facial gestures and non-verbal cues were part of it. The Sichuan Opera is said 42 (bring) this range of emotions on stage.
Once the performance starts, the actor keeps pulling down one mask 43 another in swift movements to convey different emotions. 44 (astonish), no matter how close one is to the stage, they just can’t tell how the masks change.
In fact, the different kinds of characters and personalities that Sichuan Opera brings alive can 45 (find) among common people. This is why its emotions will continue to resonate with people for a long time.


五、其他应用文
46．假设你是学生李华, 打算在学校英语角开展一次以“拒为低头族”为主题的演讲。请你写一篇演讲稿。要点如下：
1. “低头族”产生的原因;
2. “低头族”带来的影响;
3. 提出合理的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇:低头族: phubber(People who can’t help checking their phones all day are known as phubbers. Phubbing tends to involve not only the young people, but also the elderly. )
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that.
Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace.
“So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back?” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy.
They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper.
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参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个最佳参观熊猫的场所。
1．细节理解题。根据每个部分的Activities 可以看出，四个参观大熊猫的地点只有第三个地方Giant Panda Breeding Research Base中的“Activities: seeing pandas and cubs, watching panda breeding movies(活动：看熊猫和熊猫宝宝，看熊猫繁育电影)”没有提供熊猫饲养员项目。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Giant Panda Breeding Research Base中的“September is the best time to see adorable newly-born cubs and naughty year-old panda cubs. Visiting the panda playground in the morning will brighten your trip. You might see them snoozing on tree stumps, gamboling with one another, or crunching on bamboo shoots. . .(九月是看到可爱的新生熊猫宝宝和顽皮的一岁熊猫宝宝的最佳时间。早上参观熊猫乐园会让你的旅行更愉快。你可能会看到它们在树桩上打盹，彼此嬉戏，或者嚼竹笋……)”可知，9月份的早上最适合去看年幼的熊猫，它们那时活动最多，最活跃。广州长隆野生动物园的大熊猫数量未给出，所以无法比较数量关系。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了几个最佳参观熊猫的场所，所以本文出现在“旅行指南”比较合适。故选B。
4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述作者通过一次失声的经历，讲述如何保护嗓子。
4．词义猜测题。根据画线词前面一句中的“A few years ago, when I was caring for my seriously ill father, I lost my voice. (几年前，当我照顾重病的父亲时，我失声了。)”以及下文的“when I was having difficult conversations about Dad’s condition (当我艰难地谈论爸爸的病情时)”可推断，作者说话比较困难，所以声音应该是变得沙哑难听，故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“A few years ago, when I was caring for my seriously ill father, I lost my voice. At first, I just sounded hoarse when I was having difficult conversations about Dad’s condition. But before long, I couldn’t even say “Yes please” to a cup of tea without sounding like an unusually breathless Minnie Mouse. After consulting an ear, nose and throat specialist, I was told that I had lost my voice due to stress. (几年前，当我照顾重病的父亲时，我失声了。起初，当我艰难地谈论爸爸的病情时，我的声音听起来沙哑。但没过多久，我甚至不能对着一杯茶说“好的，请”，听起来就像一只异常气喘吁吁的米妮老鼠。在咨询了耳鼻喉科专家后，我被告知由于压力我失声了。)”以及下文讲述的保护嗓子的方法。可知作者用自己的一段亲身经历开头，目的是为了引出文章的主体部分。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Perhaps the most obvious thing you can do to protect your voice is to give it a rest. That doesn’t mean you have to keep silent. Just try to avoid places, such as noisy bars and restaurants, where you have to speak up or shout to be heard, and move closer to people so you can talk in your normal voice. (也许你能做的保护你的声音的最明显的事情就是让它休息。这并不意味着你要保持沉默。尽量避开嘈杂的酒吧和餐馆等地方，在那里你必须大声说话或大声喊叫才能让别人听到，尽量靠近人们，这样你就可以用正常的声音说话。)”可知，可以通过缩短与谈话人的距离来降低说话的音量，从而达到保护嗓子的目的。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Interestingly, a University of Missouri study found that introverts (内向者) are more likely to suffer from speech-related stress reactions, which affect their vocal control. (有趣的是，密苏里大学的一项研究发现，内向的人更容易遭受与语言相关的压力反应，这会影响他们对声音的控制。)”可知，内向者跟人聊天时内心压力更大，声带受压力影响，更容易损坏。故选C。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。被媒体称作The Sioux Chef的Sean Sherman在松树岭印第安人保留地长大。他致力于重新确定本土菜肴的地位，并且鼓励更多的人成为本土厨师，以对抗现如今世界各地菜肴的严重同化。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“As he developed a love of cooking, which saw him move to Minneapolis to study Japanese and French cuisines, Sherman realized he didn’t know indigenous recipes.(随着他对烹饪的热爱，他搬到明尼阿波利斯学习日本和法国菜，谢尔曼意识到他不了解本土食谱)”和第三段“What were my Lakota ancestors eating and storing away?(我的拉科塔祖先吃了什么，储存了什么？”可知，Sherman在明尼阿波利斯的时候意识到了他不知道他的拉科塔祖先的烹饪方法和配料。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第五段“After publishing the book, Sherman opened his restaurant, Owamni, in Minneapolis and created the North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems(NATIFS). It is a professional indigenous kitchen and training center that seeks to create an educational space for native chefs to be trained and develop their skills, and reconnect with their cooking heritage. (在出版了这本书之后，谢尔曼在明尼阿波利斯开了自己的餐馆Owamni，并创建了北美传统土著食品系统(NATIFS)。这是一个专业的土著厨房和培训中心，旨在为土著厨师提供培训和发展技能的教育空间，并与他们的烹饪传统重新建立联系)”可知，Sherman创办北美传统土著食品系统的目的就是为了培训当地厨师，发展他们自己的技能并重拾他们的烹饪传统。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段““For indigenous people who went through very strong assimilation (同化现象), we lost a lot of our food culture,” Sherman said.(“对于那些经历了强烈同化的土著人来说，我们失去了很多饮食文化，” Sherman说)”可知，Sherman认为本土烹饪文化的最大问题就是被同化得太严重，失去了很多祖先的饮食文化。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“He is reconnecting the locals of North America with native flavors and ingredients, and working to inspire a generation of indigenous (本土的) chefs to reclaim their cooking past.(他正在将北美当地人与本土风味和食材重新联系起来，并致力于激励一代本土厨师重拾他们的烹饪传统)”以及接下来几段的介绍可知，全文是围绕Sean Sherman对保护本土餐饮文化所做的努力展开的。由此可知，“Local recipes: food culture preserved(地方食谱：保护的饮食文化)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的社会现象“斜杠青年”，他们过着“斜杠生活”，选择从事多样的工作，并解释了这种现象产生的背景和意义。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The topic of China’s “slash youth”, referring to those refusing to be defined or bound by just one personal identity and choosing to undertake multiple careers, has fueled heated debate on social media（中国的“斜杠青年”，指的是那些拒绝被一种个人身份所定义或束缚，选择从事多种职业的人，这个话题在社交媒体上引发了激烈的讨论）”可知，斜杠青年从事多样的工作。故选A项。
13．段落大意题。根据第四段内容，尤其是第一句“A study on “slash youth” published in the China Youth Research magazine analyzes the background of this phenomenon（发表在《中国青年研究》杂志上的一篇关于“斜杠青年”的研究分析了这一现象的背景）”可知，本段主要分析了斜杆青年这种现象产生的背景，即这一现象背后的各种原因。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据Shi Yanrong说的话“The ‘slash life’ shows that, along with China’s economic development, our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclusive, and it welcomes everyone’s self-fulfillment（“斜杠生活”表明，随着中国经济的发展，我们的社会越来越多元化和包容，它欢迎每个人的自我实现）”和“Young people no longer have to rely on work and money for their sense of self-worth. They tend to create their own identities.（年轻人不再需要依靠工作和金钱来实现自我价值感。他们倾向于创造自己的身份。）”可知，他认为斜杠生活是社会多元化和包容性的体现，让青年得以创造自己的身份，实现自我价值。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一种新的社会现象“斜杠青年”，他们过着“斜杠生活”，选择从事多样的工作，并解释了这种现象产生的背景和意义。由此可知，文章的目的是介绍一种社会现象。故选D项。
16．G 17．F 18．B 19．E 20．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是每个人都熟悉传统教育，但是追寻学习的根源，经验教育在发展过程中也起着至关重要的作用。
16．根据下文“Basically, unfamiliar experiences usually add more value than experiences that are familiar. (通常来说，全新的经历会比熟悉的经历具有更多的价值)”可知，此处强调全新的经历对教育更具有意义。G选项“What makes some experiences add great value to our lives while other experiences do not?(什么使某些经历为我们的生活增添了巨大价值，而其他经历却没有？)”引起下文，下文对该问题进行回答即全新的经历为我们的生活增添了巨大价值。故选G。
17．句意:因为不熟悉的经历需要我们更多的关注。根据下文“And you are in a better state to learn something new. Honestly, someone who never experiences the same thing twice will never have a chance to benefit from anything learned. (你就会处于更好的状态来学习新知识。老实说，一个从来没有经历过两次同样事情的人永远不会有机会从学到的东西中受益)”可知，此处强调熟悉经历的重要性，因此后文应该指出，我们应该更多的注意不熟悉的经历，只有将不熟悉的经历变成熟悉的经历才能让我们从中受益。F选项“This is because unfamiliar experiences require much more of our attention.(这是因为不熟悉的经历需要我们更多的注意力)”符合语境。故选F。
18．根据上文“High school is a new experience. College is a new experience.(上中学和上大学都是一种新的体验)”及下文“It is not that you won’t learn anything else, but that the environment is so familiar. As a result, you can easily become less aware of your experience and not learn as much.(不是你学不到别的东西，而是环境太熟悉了。因此，你很容易对自己的经历降低感知，也学不到很多东西)”可知，空格句需要一个和上句构成转折，和下文构成因果关系的句子。B选项“However, at some point traditional education becomes repetitive.(然而，在某些时候，传统教育变得重复)”指出虽然上中学和上大学都是新的体验，可是传统教育在某些时候对我们来说太熟悉了，由此导致对自己的经历降低感知，也学不到很多东西。故选B。
19．句意:这些都是可以延伸和扩展您的生活经历的事物。根据上文“You may spend a summer in a different part of the country or learn a new language through trial and error. You can also go to a drive-in movie (or some other entertainment events that are new to you). (你可能会在该国的其他地区度过一个夏天，或者通过反复试验来学习一种新的语言。你也可以去看电影(或不熟悉的其他娱乐活动))”可知，此处指出延伸和扩展生活经验的几种方式。E选项“These are all things that can stretch and expand your experiences in life.(这些都是可以延伸和扩展你生活经验的事情)”符合语境，与前文呼应。故选E。
20．根据上文“Instead, they will often provide you with a better understanding of yourself as you experience your reaction to different situations. They will also provide you with a better understanding of others. (相反，当你体验对不同情况的反应时，它们通常会使你对自己有更好的了解，也会让你更好地了解别人)”可知，与周围环境的互动，对其他人的了解和有效合作很重要。D选项“It can be valuable for you to work effectively with different people. (与不同的人有效地工作对你来说是很有价值的)”与前文呼应，指出当体验对不同情况的反应时即体验与不同的人有效的工作时，对自己是非常有价值的。故选D。

21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者独自去攀登巴鲁火山，起初攀登很顺利，但后来遇到两只狗，被狗咬伤，以为自己可能会被困在那里，结果被一位老农邀请进屋，得到宽慰的经历。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢这种自由。A. scenery风景；B. freedom自由；C. challenge挑战；D. encounter偶遇。根据上文“I’ve always felt safe travelling as a solo (单独的) woman.”可知作者总是独自旅行，所以应该是喜欢这种自由，故选B。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀爬的第一部分很美，所以我停下来拍了张照片。A. dull枯燥无味的；B. tiresome讨厌的；C. beautiful美的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文“so I stopped to take a photograph”可知景色很美，才会停下来去拍照，故选C。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我转过身来，看见两条狗恶狠狠地向我跑来。A. aggressively攻击地；B. breathlessly气喘地；C. secretly秘密地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文“They stopped a dozen feet from where I stood and kept barking”可知狗看到陌生人，应该是有攻击性的过来，故选A。
24．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：我试图保持冷静，但我的心狂跳。A. broken破碎的；B. fallen倒下的；C. melting融化的；D. racing剧烈跳动。根据上文“I tried to keep calm, but”可知上下文转折关系，所以可知作者看到两只狗恶狠狠地向她跑来，想保持冷静，但也很紧张，故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道它们跑得很快，所以我没想试图超过它们。A. catch抓住；B. outrun超出；C. frighten使恐吓；D. disturb打扰。根据上文“I knew they could move fast”可知作者知道它们跑的很快，所以并没有想试图去超过它们，故选B。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后一只猛扑过来，咬住了我膝盖以下的腿。A. fell behind落后；B. knelt down跪下；C. dashed up冲上前；D. dropped out脱离。根据下文“sunk his teeth into my leg below the knee”可知是一只狗扑过来咬住了我的腿，故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我想弯下腰去找块石头打他，但又担心他会咬我的脖子。A. bending弯腰；B. rushing猛抽；C. speeding加速；D. striking突击。根据下文“to get a stone to fight him off”可知作者想弯腰捡石头，故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在想我可能不会活着出去了。A. awake醒着的；B. alarmed惊恐的；C. alive活着的；D. annoyed气恼的。根据上文可知作者被狗撵，被狗咬，所以这时作者想到的是可能不会活着走出去，故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直往前走，直到大约15分钟后我离开了他们的视线。 A. control控制；B. way方法；C. pity怜悯；D. sight视线。根据上文“I tried to keep walking, and he finally let go.”可知狗狗放开了作者，作者应该是赶紧逃离他们的视线，故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我觉得安全了，我就停了下来。A. useless无用的；B. safe安全的；C. lucky幸运的；D. late晚的。根据下文“I stopped”可知作者觉得自己安全了才停下来，故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：绑腿起到了一点保护作用，但左边有痕迹。A. acted起作用；B. worn穿，戴；C. regarded看作；D. guided指导。根据下文“as a bit of protection”可知绑腿起到了保护作用，所以没被狗狗咬的太严重，故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法用包里的纸巾止住了血。A. cold寒冷；B. panic恐慌；C. aching疼痛；D. bleeding流血。根据上文“saw blood”可知是用纸止血，故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想象自己一个人被困在那里一整夜。A. stuck陷住；B. killed杀死；C. buried埋葬；D. saved挽救。根据上文“I couldn’t walk up the volcano.”因为不能继续往前走了，所以应该是要被困一夜，故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我听到了沙沙声，吓呆了。A. jumped跳；B. froze停住不动；C. ran跑；D. ignored忽略。根据上文“Just then, I heard rustling (瑟瑟声)”以及前文被狗咬，可知作者听到声音不敢走了，吓住了，故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种宽慰是难以置信的。A. frustration挫折；B. reluctance勉强；C. relief宽慰，解脱；D. courage勇气。根据上文“The noise got louder until a pickup truck appeared, driven by an old farmer. He told me to get in.”可知作者松了一口气，所以是感到宽慰，故选C。

36．has been 37．what 38．An/One 39．wanting 40．evolution 41．needed 42．to have brought/to bring 43．after 44．Astonishingly 45．be found

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了川剧和历史文化。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：自先秦以来，成都一直是中国重要的文化名城。空格处应填入谓语动词，根据句中时间状语“Since the pre-Qin period”可知，此处应用现在完成时态，主语是Chengdu，谓语用第三人称单数。故填has been。
2. 考查名词性从句。句意：但真正使这座城市在文化上与众不同的是它的戏剧。分析句子可知，空格处应填入主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构，该引导词在主语从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
3. 考查冠词或代词。句意：川剧的一个重要方面是“变脸”的魔力，在眨眼之间，色彩鲜艳的面具就会改变。根据句意，这里是说川剧重要性的一个方面，应用不定冠词an或代词one。故填An/One。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：在镇上的戏院和茶馆里，想要一窥当地文化的观众喜欢一边喝茶，一边听川剧、看变脸。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰名词audiences与want是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填wanting。
5. 考查名词。句意：人们认为“变脸”有自己的渊源。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。故填evolution。
6.考查动词时态。句意：早期人类需要生存策略来躲避凶猛的动物和外来入侵者。设空处为谓语，根据空格前的“Early humans”可知，此处应填need的过去式。故填needed。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：据说川剧将这些情绪带到了舞台上。“sb. /sth. be said+动词不定式”是固定结构，意为“据说……”，此处既可用动词不定式的一般式，陈述事实，也可以用不定式的完成式，强调动作发生在谓语动词is said 之前。故填to have brought或to bring。
8. 考查介词。句意：表演一开始，演员就不停地拉下一个又一个面具，动作迅速，传达不同的情绪。one after another是固定短语，意为“一个又一个，一个接一个”符合句意，故填after。
9. 考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，无论离舞台有多近，他们都无法分辨面具是如何变化的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Astonishingly。
10.考查动词语态。句意：事实上，川剧演绎的不同类型的人物和性格在普通人中都可以找到。根据空前的can可知，空格处应填入动词原形。主语the different kinds of characters and personalities与动词find是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，前有情态动词can，be动词用原形。故填be found。
46．
As we know, phubbers, people who can’t resist the temptation of mobile phones, are seen nearly everywhere. Sending messages and surfing the Internet cause the formation of this disturbing habit.
Firstly, phubbers waste lots of time playing cell phone games and sending messages, particularly in class. In addition, health problems like back and neck pain and poor eyesight may arise if we bury ourselves in a mobile phone for a long time.
As far as I am concerned, it is high time that we threw away the mobile phones and raised our heads up. That’s all.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友约翰写信邀请他周末看电影，表示对他给予你的帮助的感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
无法抗拒：can’t resist→can’t stand
首先：firstly→first of all
此外：in addition→ what’s more
沉迷于：bury in→ abandon oneself to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, phubbers waste lots of time playing cell phone games and sending messages, particularly in class.
拓展句：Firstly, phubbers waste lots of time which is used for playing cell phone games and sending messages, particularly in class.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we know, phubbers, people who can’t resist the temptation of mobile phones, are seen nearly everywhere. （运用了who引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In addition, health problems like back and neck pain and poor eyesight may arise if we bury ourselves in a mobile phone for a long time.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
47．Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. They took advantage of their spare time to pick up rubbish on the beach. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit. More and more teenagers took part. In a month, they altogether collected and recycled 2.5 tons of plastic, recovering the beautiful beach.
One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world. They said a team is what keeps them going on the challenging days and added, “keeping our team engaged and motivated has been a challenge and we are happy to have a positive influence.” Melati and Isabel are heroes who make a big difference to our world.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了两个女孩非常喜欢在自己家附近的海边游泳，后来发现海滩上的塑料垃圾太多了，再也不想去游泳了，心情很不好。后来课上老师讲到英雄人物，他们可以对世界起到正面影响，并激励到身边的人，两个女孩想到自己也可以去做一些事情。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔决定立即产生积极的影响。”可知，第一段可描写两个女孩采取行动去改善沙滩的状况，并发动身边的年轻人参与并创建组织，及他们的成果。
②由第二段首句内容“一个月后，梅拉蒂接到了当地一家报社的电话。”可知，第二段可描写他们的组织规模不断扩大，在当地造成影响，接受报社采访。
2.续写线索：去行动改变沙滩状况——创建组织——成果——接受采访——采访内容——谈感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①利用：take advantage of/make use of/employ
②解决：solve/address/find a solution for
③参与： take apart/ get involved
情绪类
①受鼓舞的，激励的：motivated/inspired
②积极：positive /active
【点睛】[高分句型1]. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. (运用了强调句型)
[高分句型2]. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit.(运用了现在分词involving作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3]. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world.（运用了in which引导了定语从句，及并列的宾语从句）