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2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高一下学期期中英语试卷-普通用卷含答案
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高一下学期期中英语试卷-普通用卷含答案,共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解,阅读七选五,完形填空,语法填空,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高一(下)期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)
A
Neighbouring Guatemala and Mexico,Belize belongs high up on your Central America destination list.It brings together the Mayan remains,forests of the region and the Caribbean sunny beaches with gentle sea wind.All of our trips are flightless with the purpose of reducing the carbon emissions.It's just part of how we see the world while being good to it.
STARTS&ENDS AT:Belize City DURATION:5 days STYLE:Culture
GROUP SIZE:4-18 PHYSICAL RATING:Light COST:﹩2400
●WHAT'S INCLUDED
Four nights high-quality hotel accommodation
Four breakfasts
Two lunches
One welcome dinner
WHAT'S NOT INCLUDED
Visas(签证)
Travel insurance
Flights to and from the destination
●IMPORTANT INFO
You must be aged 18 or over to join this trip.
Be sure to check whether or not you need a visa to enter the country.
●CANCELLATION POLICY
If you cancel 56 days or more before your scheduled date,you will receive a 100%refund(退款).Otherwise,the total cost of your trip is:
40-55 days:50%payable
20-39 days:75%payable
19 days or less:100%payable
Please note you can only book this trip at least 14 days in advance.
●CUSTOMER REVIEWS.
This culture trip was beyond all my expectations.Each day had exciting activities that perfectly fit with each region of the country,and I was lucky to share this experience with 5 individuals who started as strangers and ended as good friends.
—Cheryl(US)
Our local guide made us feel like we were traveling on the"inside"while making sure all of our travel plans were taken care of.I now can't imagine traveling without this type of experience.
—Janet(UK)
1. What can we know about the trip? ______
A. It is suitable for visitors of all ages.
B. It allows the tourists to visit unique museums.
C. It is organized in groups of not less than 18 persons.
D. It offers no plane travels to protect the environment.
2. How much should a tourist pay if he/she cancels the trip 25 days before the scheduled time? ______
A. SO. B. S1200. C. ﹩1800. D. ﹩2400.
3. What do Cheryl and Janet both think of the trip? ______
A. Tiring. B. Meaningful. C. Adventurous. D. Expensive.
B
Europeans prepare for the increase in prices of their energy bills in winter.Many plan to try to save energy in winter by turning down the heat and turning off lights,but not the 130 people who live in the east German village of Feldheim.The little village has been energy self-sufficient(自给自足) for more than ten years.
Feldheim built a few wind turbines(涡轮机) to provide it with electricity as an experiment in the 1990s.Then,the village extended that effort to build a local electrical system,solar panels,batteries,and more turbines.A biogas factory built to keep pigs warm was enlarged.It offers hot water through a village-wide central heating system.Now,SS wind turbines can be seen on the farmlands around Feldheim.Locals enjoy some of the lowest electricity and natural gas prices in Germany.
Kathleen Thompson,who works for a local educational organization,said that the villagers can all sleep well at night."They've got no misgivings because the prices are not going to change,not in the immediate future anyway,"she said.
Thousands of visitors from around the world come to see how Feldheim produces green energy.Germany,as a whole,still uses carbon-based fuel(燃料) for much of its energy needs,but the country has put millions into the growth of renewable energy to reduce its use of climate-changing energy.Despite that,carbon-based fuels were responsible for more than half of the country's total power production in the first six months of 2022.
Michael Knape is a local leader.He said letting locals join in and benefit from the project was key to Feldheim's success.The community has built so many turbines that it makes about 250 times more electricity than it uses."Such projects can be a big part of a solution and worth popularizing in Europe,"said Knape.
4. Why do many Europeans intend to save energy in winter? ______
A. To help homeless people.
B. To experience a new lifestyle.
C. To cut down their costs of living.
D. To provide fund support for Germany.
5. What does the underlined word"misgivings"in paragraph 3 mean? ______
A. Concerns. B. Arrangements. C. Comments. D. Regrets.
6. What contributes to Feldheim's final success? ______
A. Enough donations from charities.
B. The special geographical conditions.
C. The locals' participation in the project.
D. The neighboring communities' assistance.
7. What's Knape's attitude towards Feldheim's project? ______
A. Curious. B. Doubtful. C. Unsupportive. D. Positive.
C
Watching a large robotic arm pour concrete(混凝土) might not sound that exciting.But Aiman Hussein's videos of this process are getting tens of millions of views on social media.They're giving people a look at a world in which 3 D-printed houses are the new normal.
Hussein is director of printing technologies at Alquist 3 D.His most-watched posts show the company's printers layering(分层堆积) row after row of concrete to build up a house's outer walls.
The idea of 3 D-printed houses is becoming more and more popular.A survey found that 66%of consumers would consider living in one.About a third believed 3 D printing would replace more-traditional methods of construction.
In December 2021,a Virginia family moved into a 3 D-printed house,which Alquist had built for a homebuyer program."It really shows how we can get people into homes with reasonable prices.3 D-printed homes cost less than homes made with wood and can be built in about 20 to 30 hours.We've been averaging anywhere between 25 and 50 requests for 3 D-printed homes per hour.The need is huge,"Hussein says.
According to Hussein,the major challenge facing the 3 D-printed housing industry is scale (规模)."At the moment,there are fewer than 10 companies using this technology in America,"he said."To really make a long way in the housing issue,we'd need about 50."
Ryan Smith is Alquist's founder and CEO.He agrees that 3 D printing could transform the construction industry.But he warns that American labor and supply chains for home-building are set up to handle wood,not concrete."If you change the means and methods of construction,"Smith says,"you would have to develop a whole workforce around that to manage it."
3 D-printed homes aren't going mainstream anytime soon.But getting people interested may be the first step.Hussein's videos "unlock your imagination for what else is possible,"Smith says."We can excite a whole new generation about building things with computers and machines."
8. Why are the videos mentioned in the first paragraph? ______
A. To introduce the main topic.
B. To report the new use of robots.
C. To increase the sales of concrete.
D. To put an end to people's debates.
9. Which of the following can best describe 3 D-printed houses? ______
A. Comfortable. B. Traditional. C. Low-quality. D. Affordable.
10. What is the largest problem for the 3 D-printed housing industry? ______
A. Resource waste. B. Workforce shortage.
C. Poor market future. D. Customers' complaints.
11. What is the best title of the text? ______
A. 3 D-printed Housing Is Gaining Recognition
B. 3 D-printed Houses Have Replaced Wooden Houses
C. Alquist 3 D Takes the Lead in Global Construction Industry
D. New Concrete Speeds up the Building of 3 D-printed Homes
D
The arrival of the first-born,the baby's first taste of lemon and the playing with the family dog aren't just memorable moments,but also moments that parents love to take videos and post on social media.
Family vlogging—the recording and uploading(上传) of personal videos of the family.usually on video sharing website —has become big business nowadays,especially among parents of young children.The more viewers such videos can attract,the greater the probability of attracting sponsorship(赞助) and advertising,and therefore the more money the family can make.
At first sight,it does seem like an easy way to earn money.After all,all the parents have to do is to make sure they go about everyday life with their young ones around them and those live moments out in the webcam(网络摄像头).Many new-age parents have benefited from being famous family vloggers.Seeing young children doing fun things is certainly a lovely sight.
However,are we doing right by putting their lives up for public attention?As the children grow up,there is a greater need for personal space.At 12 or 13,very few children would like being filmed while eating or having a conversation with their friends.Teenhood is a time of significant change in an individual,both physically and emotionally,and is a time when parents need to protect their children and guide them,instead of making them face the judgemental eyes of the public.
What's more,when the children often appear online,they probably become stars.So they have to bear with the challenges of being stars,living with the pressure of being always judged.Moreover,with so much publicity,they attract the attention of bad guys and some children of family vloggers are in danger.
Family vlogging can be irresistible,given how it allows parents to add greater fun to their lives.There is also the easy money and the fame.Indeed,all would probably go well,but only as long as parents keep in mind that,if not managed well,making their children live their lives in the unforgiving eyes of the public could be an undoubted mistake.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? ______
A. The content family vlogging displays.
B. The way family vlogging gets sponsored.
C. The process of producing family vlogging.
D. The reason for family vlogging's popularity.
13. What problem can family vlogging bring according to paragraph 4? ______
A. Absence of children's privacy.
B. Arguments about public issues.
C. Impolite acts in making friends.
D. Children's wrong self-judgments.
14. What message can we get from the text? ______
A. Family vlogging can be double-edged.
B. Family vlogging is key to emotional contact.
C. Children should stay away from social media.
D. Personal relationships need to be handled correctly.
15. Where is the text most likely from? ______
A. A novel. B. A magazine. C. A diary. D. A guidebook.
二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共12.5分)
When it comes to travelling,people nowadays are increasingly choosing nearcations.
What is a nearcation?(1) ______ This could be in the next state,or even just in our own city or town.The idea of a nearcation is that we're near home but far enough away from our actual house to properly relieve pressure and feel a sense of escape from our work or chores(杂事).
What are the benefits of a nearcation?The greatest beauty is that we don't have to do any extensive planning.(2) ______ We needn't worry about booking a flight,packing everything into our luggage,or exchanging currencies.So nearcations are particularly suited to people who feel too busy to plan a trip during the workweek but still want to relax over the weekend.
( 3) ______ We don't have to over- extend our budget for expensive hotels,scenic spots or rental cars,which attract people who look for ways to save money.
At the same time,we get the opportunity to explore more of our region.When we think of vacations,we usually think about going far away.(4) ______ A great thing about nearcations is that it really pushes us to fall in love with our own places.
How can we make the best use of our neareation?First,pick a location that's close to home but still new to us.Unique places such as beach huts(木屋) or treehouses can make the nearcation more special and memorable!Then,take a little bit of time to research and select the destination.Just having a rough(粗略的) idea of what to do in the area could help. (5) ______
A.Here are some helpful factors to keep in mind.
B.A nearcation is a vacation we take close to home.
C.So it's much more stress-free than long-distance travel.
D.Price is also one big advantage of choosing a nearcation.
E.After all,we don't want to get there and realize there isn't much to do.
F.We forget that where we live can have beautiful places to explore as well.
G.There are major differences between nearcations and traditional vacations.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空(本大题共15小题,共15.0分)
Doris had left her wallet in a grocery cart(购物车) at Walmart.She had no idea about it until she received a Facebook(1) ______ from a stranger — Ben Johnson.
The young man had got a(2) ______ tire(轮胎) and pulled into Walmart to get it repaired when he noticed a wallet in a shopping cart.He got his tire(3) ______ ,and then managed to(4) ______ Doris through Facebook.More than that,Ben drove out of his way to Doris to(5) ______ her lost wallet,all to ensure the wallet made its way back to the rightful(6) ______ .He could have given back the wallet in some easy ways.(7) ______ ,he chose to take time out of his day to place it right into Doris' hands.
To express her thanks for the(8) ______ Ben had made to return the wallet(9) ______ , the lady handed him twenty dollars but the young man immediately(10) ______ .Then Doris decided to thank him in a(11) ______ way.She asked him to pose(摆姿势) for a(n)(12) ______ with her and posted it to Facebook.She described the whole event to(13) ______ Ben and added,"I wanted people to know what this young man had done for me."She has received millions of likes and shares.Netizens all believe(14) ______ such stories will eventually inspire more such actions of kindness and(15) ______ .
21. A. message B. article C. invitation D. comment
22. A. spare B. new C. flat D. round
23. A. delivered B. fixed C. adjusted D. removed
24. A. warn B. contact C. comfort D. approach
25. A. return B. replace C. repay D. restore
26. A. visitor B. receiver C. customer D. owner
27. A. Obviously B. Besides C. Therefore D. Instead
28. A. request B. effort C. progress D. decision
29. A. In secret B. in reality C. in advance D. in person
30. A. refused B. understood C. struggled D. accepted
31. A. formal B. familiar C. unique D. typical
32. A. signal B. agreement C. interview D. photo
33. A. praise B. recommend C. persuade D. remind
34. A. writing B. completing C. sharing D. explaining
35. A. confidence B. honesty C. bravery D. forgiveness
四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)
36. Before the moveable printing technique(1) ______ ( invent),books were all handwritten,which took lots of time and always included mistakes.Chinese people invented block printing during the Tang Dynasty,using carved(雕刻) characters on wooden blocks(2) ______ ( print) with ink on paper.The skill proved to be great progress,(3) ______ the problem was clear:it used lots of wooden boards and the mistakes couldn't be corrected.
In the 1040s during the Song Dynasty,Bi Sheng,(4) ______ wood carver,carved individual characters on square clay (黏土) pieces and hardened them with fire.These movable blocks could be set(5) ______ place in an iron plate to form one page,and then rearranged for another page.After printing,the movable types could be stored for future use.
Bi Sheng's great invention(6) ______ ( give) birth to a revolutionary printing method,which was 400 years(7) ______ ( early) than that in Europe.All the later printing methods developed on the basis of Bi Sheng's movable clay types.
Hundreds of years later,this reusable and convenient technique was spread to other countries.It was more(8) ______ ( easy) used in the West due to the small number of English letters.This moveable printing technique made a great(9) ______ ( contribute) to Western civilization as many more copies of books were printed much faster,(10) ______ ( lead) to a wider sharing and development of education,knowledge and communication.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达(本大题共2小题,共40.0分)
37. 假定你是校学生会主席,针对学生浪费纸张的问题,学生会打算在校英文网站上发起"节约用纸运动"。请用英语起草一封倡议书。内容如下:
(1)写倡议书的原因和目的;
(2)浪费纸张的后果;
(3)节约用纸的做法。
注意:
(1)写作词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear friends,
The Student Union
38. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段。使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Coming home from school,Oscar pulled out a plastic bag and ran to find Mum.
"Mum,look!"shouted Oscar.He opened the bag to show a baby tree."We each got one at school for Arbor Day(植树节)."
"How exciting!"said Mum.
Oscar looked at the tree."But I don't know where to plant it."
Mum smiled."It needs a special place.When we moved here from Mexico,I was a little girl.I didn't have any friends.Our new house had a big backyard with an oak tree.My father hung a swing from it,and I'd swing alone happily for hours."
"Maybe someday this tree will grow big enough for a swing,"Oscar said."I'll go and show grandparents!"
Oscar ran downstairs to his grandparents' house not far opposite the street.
Oscar's grandfather opened the door.
"Hello,Oscar!"
"Look,Grandpa!I got a tree at school for Arbor Day,"Oscar said."But we don't have a big backyard to plant it."
Oscar's grandfather smoothed back his grey hair and squatted(蹲) down to look at the tree."Back in Mexico,a huge tree grew at the edge of our cornfield.I loved to rest in its shade(树荫)at noon."the old man said,obviously lost in beautiful memories.
"Mmmm,sounds good,"said Oscar.
"Now let's go and find a place to plant your tree,"Grandpa patted Oscar on the shoulder,picked up a shovel(铁锹) from the yard and walked out with Oscar.Outside Oscar's house,they saw Oscar's sister walking up the sidewalk.
"Alice,look!"Oscar held up the tree."But I need a place to plant it."
"Let's see,"said Alice."When you were a baby,a huge popular tree grew near our street.It was taller than every other tree around.Wherever I was in town,I could always see our tree high above everything else.Sadly,it was cut down.I miss it so much."
注意:
(1)续写词数应为80左右:
(2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Oscar looked at the wide space between the sidewalk and the street.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段All of our trips are flightless with the purpose of reducing the carbon emissions.(为了减少碳排放,我们所有的旅行都是不飞的。)可知关于这次旅行我们能知道为了保护环境,它不提供飞机旅行。故选D。
(2)数字计算题。根据表格内COST:﹩2400(成本:﹩2400)以及●CANCELLATION POLICY部分20-39 days:75%payable(20-39天:75%应付)可知如果游客在预定时间前25天取消旅行,他/她应该支付的费用时候2400*75%=1800﹩。故选C。
(3)推理判断题。根据这两个人的评论This culture trip was beyond all my expectations.Each day had exciting activities that perfectly fit with each region of the country,and I was lucky to share this experience with 5 individuals who started as strangers and ended as good friends(这次文化之旅超出了我的预期。每天都有激动人心的活动,非常适合这个国家的每个地区,我很幸运能与5个人分享这段经历,他们从陌生人开始,到好朋友结束);Our local guide made us feel like we were traveling on the"inside"while making sure all of our travel plans were taken care of.I now can't imagine traveling without this type of experience.(我们当地的导游让我们觉得我们是在"内部"旅行,同时确保我们所有的旅行计划都得到了照顾。我现在无法想象没有这种体验的旅行。)可知Cheryl和Janet认为这次旅行都很有意义。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了伯利兹毗旅行的相关信息。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、A、C、D
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段Europeans prepare for the increase in prices of their energy bills in winter.Many plan to try to save energy in winter by turning down the heat and turning off lights(欧洲人为冬季能源价格上涨做准备。许多人计划在冬天通过调低温度和关灯来节约能源)可知许多欧洲人打算在冬天节约能源,以降低生活成本。故选C。
(2)猜测词义题。根据文章第三段 Kathleen Thompson,who works for a local educational organization,said that the villagers can all sleep well at night."They've got no misgivings because the prices are not going to change,not in the immediate future anyway,"she said.(凯瑟琳•汤普森(Kathleen Thompson)在当地一家教育机构工作,她说村民们晚上都能睡得很好。"他们没有任何疑虑,因为价格不会变,至少近期不会,"她说。)可知misgivings的意思是"担忧"。A.Concerns.担忧;B.Arrangements.安排;C.Comments.评论;D.Regrets.后悔。故选A。
(3)细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 Michael Knape is a local leader.He said letting locals join in and benefit from the project was key to Feldheim's success(迈克尔•克纳普是当地的一名领导人。他说,让当地人参与并受益于该项目是费尔德海姆成功的关键。)可知当地人对项目的参与促成了费尔德海姆的最终成功。故选C。
(4)观点态度题。根据文章最后一段"Such projects can be a big part of a solution and worth popularizing in Europe,"said Knape.("这样的项目可能是解决方案的重要组成部分,值得在欧洲推广,"克纳普说。)可知克纳普对Feldheim项目的态度是积极的。A.Curious.好奇的;B.Doubtful.怀疑的;C.Unsupportive.不支持的;D.Positive.积极的。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了欧洲人为冬季能源价格上涨做准备。许多人计划在冬天通过调低温度和关灯来节约能源。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】A、D、B、A
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段But Aiman Hussein's videos of this process are getting tens of millions of views on social media.They're giving people a look at a world in which 3 D-printed houses are the new normal.(但是艾曼•侯赛因关于这一过程的视频在社交媒体上获得了数千万的浏览量。他们让人们看到了一个3 D打印房屋成为新常态的世界。)可知第一段提到视频是为了引出主题(3 D打印房屋)。故选A。
(2)观点态度题。根据文章第四段It really shows how we can get people into homes with reasonable prices.3 D-printed homes cost less than homes made with wood and can be built in about 20 to 30 hours(它真正展示了我们如何让人们以合理的价格入住房屋。3 D打印房屋的成本低于木制房屋,并且可以在大约20到30个小时内建成)可知3 D打印的房子是负担得起的。A.Comfortable.舒服的;B.Traditional.传统的;C.Low-quality.低质量的;D.Affordable.负担得起的。故选D。
(3)细节理解题。根据文章第五段According to Hussein,the major challenge facing the 3 D-printed housing industry is scale (规模)."At the moment,there are fewer than 10 companies using this technology in America,"he said."To really make a long way in the housing issue,we'd need about 50."(根据侯赛因的说法,3 D打印房屋行业面临的主要挑战是规模。"目前,在美国使用这项技术的公司不到10家,"他说。"要真正在住房问题上取得进展,我们需要大约50家。")和倒数第二段."If you change the means and methods of construction,"Smith says,"you would have to develop a whole workforce around that to manage it."("如果你改变建筑的方式和方法,"史密斯说,"你将不得不围绕这一点发展整个劳动力来管理它。")可知3 D打印房屋产业面临的最大问题是劳动力短缺。A.Resource waste.资源浪费;B.Workforce shortage.劳动力短缺;C.Poor market future.市场前景不佳;D.Customers' complaints.顾客的抱怨。故选B。
(4)标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段 3 D-printed homes aren't going mainstream anytime soon.But getting people interested may be the first step.Hussein's videos "unlock your imagination for what else is possible,"Smith says."We can excite a whole new generation about building things with computers and machines."(3 D打印的房屋不会很快成为主流。但是让人们感兴趣可能是第一步。史密斯说,侯赛因的视频"开启了你对其他可能的想象"。"我们可以激发新一代人用电脑和机器来建造东西.")可知本文的最佳标题是A.3 D-printed Housing Is Gaining Recognition(3 D打印房屋正在获得认可)。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了3 D打印房屋正在获得认可。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、A、A、D
【解析】(1)段落大意题。根据文章第二段The more viewers such videos can attract,the greater the probability of attracting sponsorship(赞助) and advertising,and therefore the more money the family can make.(这种视频吸引的观众越多,吸引赞助和广告的可能性就越大,因此这个家庭就能赚更多的钱。)可知第二段主要是关于家庭视频博客获得赞助的方式。故选B。
(2)推理判断题。根据文章第四段As the children grow up,there is a greater need for personal space.At 12 or 13,very few children would like being filmed while eating or having a conversation with their friends.(随着孩子们的成长,对个人空间的需求越来越大。在12或13岁时,很少有孩子喜欢在吃饭或与朋友交谈时被拍摄。)可知家庭博客可能带来的问题是儿童隐私的缺失。A.Absence of children's privacy.儿童隐私的缺失;B.Arguments about public issues.关于公共问题的争论;C.Impolite acts in making friends.交朋友时的不礼貌行为;D.Children's wrong self-judgments.孩子错误的自我判断。故选A。
(3)推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 Family vlogging can be irresistible,given how it allows parents to add greater fun to their lives.There is also the easy money and the fame.Indeed,all would probably go well,but only as long as parents keep in mind that,if not managed well,making their children live their lives in the unforgiving eyes of the public could be an undoubted mistake.(家庭博客是不可抗拒的,因为它能让父母给他们的生活增添更多乐趣。还有轻松赚钱和名声。事实上,一切都可能会很好,但只要父母们记住,如果管理不善,让他们的孩子在公众无情的目光下生活可能是一个毫无疑问的错误。)可知家庭博客是一把双刃剑。故选A。
(4)文章出处题。根据文章最后一段 Family vlogging can be irresistible,given how it allows parents to add greater fun to their lives.There is also the easy money and the fame.Indeed,all would probably go well,but only as long as parents keep in mind that,if not managed well,making their children live their lives in the unforgiving eyes of the public could be an undoubted mistake.(家庭博客是不可抗拒的,因为它能让父母给他们的生活增添更多乐趣。还有轻松赚钱和名声。事实上,一切都可能会很好,但只要父母们记住,如果管理不善,让他们的孩子在公众无情的目光下生活可能是一个毫无疑问的错误。)可知本文是对家庭博客提出一些建议。因此应该是一本指南。A.A novel.一本小说;B.A magazine.一本杂志;C.A diary.一本日记;D.A guidebook.一本指南。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了家庭博客是不可抗拒的,因为它能让父母给他们的生活增添更多乐趣。还有轻松赚钱和名声。事实上,一切都可能会很好,但只要父母们记住,如果管理不善,让他们的孩子在公众无情的目光下生活可能是一个毫无疑问的错误。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】B、C、D、F、E
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据上文 What is a nearcation?(什么是近距离度假?)以及下文This could be in the next state,or even just in our own city or town.(这可能是在旁边的一个州,甚至就是在我们自己的城市或城镇。)可知,此处解释近距离度假的含义是什么。B项"近距离度假是我们在离家近的地方度假。"符合语境。故选B。
(2)联系上文题。根据上文The greatest beauty is that we don't have to do any extensive planning.(最大的美妙之处是我们不需要做任何大量的计划。)可知,和传统旅行相比近距离度假不需要我们做很多的计划,所以压力会小很多。C项"所以这比长途旅行更没有压力。"符合语境。故选C。
(3)段落大意题。根据下文We don't have to over-extend our budget for expensive hotels,scenic spots or rental cars,which attract people who look for ways to save money.(我们不必在昂贵的酒店、景点或租车上超支,这会吸引那些想要省钱的人。)可知,本段介绍了近距离度假也很省钱,即有价格上的优势。D项"价格也是选择近距离度假的一大优势。"最能概括本段大意。故选D。
(4)联系下文题。根据下文A great thing about nearcations is that it really pushes us to fall in love with our own places.(近距离度假的一个好处是,它真的促使我们爱上我们自己的地方。)可知,本段介绍了近距离度假可以使我们看到我们所在地的美丽之处,增强对这片土地的热爱。F项"我们忘记了我们居住的地方也可以有美丽的地方去探索。"符合语境。故选F。
(5)联系上文题。根据上文Just having a rough(粗略的) idea of what to do in the area could help. (只要对在该地区该做什么有个大致的了解就可以了。)可知,此处建议我们要对目的地以及在那里进行的活动有一个大概的想法。E项"毕竟,我们不想到了那里才意识到没有什么可做的。"承接上文,符合语境。故选E。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与传统旅行相比"近距离度假"的优势以及如何让我们的旅游体验感更好。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题时,要注意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、C、B、B、A、D、D、B、D、A、C、D、A、C、B
【解析】(1)考查名词及语境理解。A.message消息;B.article文章;C.invitation邀请;D.comment评论。根据后文He got his tire(3),and then managed to(4)Doris through Facebook.可知他修好了轮胎,然后设法通过脸书联系了多丽丝。说明她收到了一条来自陌生人---本•约翰逊---的脸书信息。故答案为A。
(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.spare多余的;B.new新的;C.flat平坦的;D.round圆形的。根据下句 and pulled into Walmart to get it repaired可知这个年轻人的轮胎瘪了,他把车开到沃尔玛去修理。故答案为C。
(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.delivered运送;B.fixed安装,修理;C.adjusted适应;D.removed去除。根据上句The young man had got a(2)tire(轮胎) and pulled into Walmart to get it repaired (这个年轻人的轮胎瘪了,他把车开到沃尔玛去修理。)可知他修好了轮胎,然后设法通过脸书联系了多丽丝。故答案为B。
(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.warn警告;B.contact联系;C.comfort安慰;D.approach靠近。根据后文he chose to take time out of his day to place it right into Doris' hands.可知他选择从一天中抽出时间,把它交到多丽丝的手中。说明他设法通过脸书联系了多丽丝。故答案为B。
(5)考查动词及语境理解。A.return归还;B.replace代替;C.repay偿还;D.restore修复。根据后文he chose to take time out of his day to place it right into Doris' hands.可知他选择从一天中抽出时间,把它交到多丽丝的手中。说明本特意开车去找多丽丝归还她丢失的钱包。故答案为A。
(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.visitor游客;B.receiver接收者;C.customer顾客;D.owner拥有者。根据上句More than that,Ben drove out of his way to Doris to(5)her lost wallet可知本特意开车去找多丽丝归还她丢失的钱包,这一切都是为了确保钱包能够物归原主。故答案为D。
(7)考查副词及语境理解。A.Obviously明显地;B.Besides除了;C.Therefore因此;D.Instead相反。根据上句He could have given back the wallet in some easy ways.(他本可以用一些简单的方法归还钱包)和下句he chose to take time out of his day to place it right into Doris' hands.(他选择抽出一天的时间把它交到多丽丝的手中。)可知前后句是相反的关系。故答案为D。
(8)考查名词及语境理解。A.request要求;B.effort努力;C.progress进步;D.decision决定。为了表达对本亲自归还钱包所做努力的感谢,这位女士给了他20美元,但年轻人立即拒绝了。make effort to do sth努力做某事。故答案为B。
(9)考查固定短语及语境理解。A.In secret秘密地;B.in reality事实上;C.in advance提前;D.in person亲自。根据前文More than that,Ben drove out of his way to Doris to(5)her lost wallet可知本特意开车去找多丽丝归还她丢失的钱包,说明本亲自归还钱包。故答案为D。
(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.refused拒绝;B.understood理解;C.struggled奋斗;D.accepted接受。根据上句the lady handed him twenty dollars(这位女士给了他20美元)和but表示转折,可知年轻人立即拒绝了。故答案为A。
(11)考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的;B.familiar熟悉的;C.unique独特的;D.typical典型的。根据后文She described the whole event to(13)Ben and added,"I wanted people to know what this young man had done for me."可知她描述了整个事件来赞美本,并补充道:"我想让人们知道这个年轻人为我做了什么。"说明她用独特的方式感谢了他。故答案为C。
(12)考查名词及语境理解。A.signal信号;B.agreement同意;C.interview面试;D.photo照片。根据上句She asked him to pose(摆姿势)可知她请他与她合影,并把照片发到脸书。故答案为D。
(13)考查动词及语境理解。A.praise夸奖;B.recommend推荐;C.persuade说服;D.remind提醒。根据前文 To express her thanks for the(8)Ben had made to return the wallet(9),the lady handed him twenty dollars 可知为了表达对本亲自归还钱包所做努力的感谢,这位女士给了他20美元,说明她夸奖了他。故答案为A。
(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.writing写;B.completing完成;C.sharing分享;D.explaining解释。网民们都相信分享这样的故事最终会激发更多这样的善良和诚实的行为。故答案为C。
(15)考查名词及语境理解。A.confidence自信;B.honesty诚实;C.bravery勇敢;D.forgiveness原谅。根据前文More than that,Ben drove out of his way to Doris to(5)her lost wallet可知本特意开车去找多丽丝归还她丢失的钱包,说明本非常诚实。故答案为B。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了本亲自归还钱包的故事。
完形填空题的解题步骤:
1.通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大意,这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】was invented
【小题2】to print
【小题3】but
【小题4】a
【小题5】in
【小题6】gave
【小题7】earlier
【小题8】easily
【小题9】contribution
【小题10】leading
【解析】(1)考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:在移动印刷技术发明之前,书籍都是手写的,这需要很多时间,而且总是会有错误。根据后面非限制性定语从句的时态,可知描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,主语为名词单数the moveable printing technique,故填was invented。
(2)考查动词不定式。句意:中国人在唐朝发明了雕版印刷术,用木板上的雕刻文字在纸上用墨水印刷。use sth.to do sth."用某物做某事",为固定搭配,故填to print。
(3)考查连词。句意:事实证明,这项技术取得了巨大进步,但问题很明显:它使用了大量的木板,错误无法纠正。前后是转折关系,所以用but连接,填but。
(4)考查冠词。句意:在宋朝的1040年代,木雕师毕升在正方形的粘土片上雕刻了单独的字符,并用火将其硬化。泛指一个,所以用不定冠词,故填a。
(5)考查介词。句意:这些可移动的块可以放在铁板中形成一页,然后重新排列成另一页。in place"在适当的位置",为固定搭配,故填in。
(6)考查动词时态。句意:毕升的伟大发明催生了一种革命性的印刷方法,这种印刷方法比欧洲早了400年。描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,故填gave。
(7)考查形容词比较级。句意:毕升的伟大发明催生了一种革命性的印刷方法,这种印刷方法比欧洲早了400年。后面有than,所以用形容词比较级,故填earlier。
(8)考查副词。句意:由于英语字母数量较少,它在西方更容易使用。修饰动词,所以用副词,故填easily。
(9)考查可数名词的单数。句意:这种可移动的印刷技术对西方文明做出了巨大贡献,因为更多的书籍印刷速度更快,导致了教育、知识和交流的更广泛共享和发展。前面有不定冠词,所以用可数名词的单数,故填contribution。
(10)考查现在分词。句意:这种可移动的印刷技术对西方文明做出了巨大贡献,因为更多的书籍印刷速度更快,导致了教育、知识和交流的更广泛共享和发展。指代前面句子的直接结果,所以用现在分词作结果状语,故填leading。
这是一篇说明文,主要讲述了中国印刷术的发展过程和重要意义。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear friends,
We have noticed an alarming trend of paper misuse and wasteful practices among our fellow students.Therefore,we have decided to initiate the "Paper Conservation Movement" on our school website.The purpose of this movement is to raise awareness about the importance of paper conservation among students. (写倡议书的原因和目的)
The consequences of paper wastage are far-reaching.Firstly,it depletes our precious natural resources,as paper production requires the cutting down of trees. 【高分句型二】Additionally,the excessive use of paper leads to increased energy consumption,water pollution,and greenhouse gas emissions.Furthermore,it is important to recognize the financial costs associated with paper waste,as it unnecessarily burdens our school's budget.(浪费纸张的后果)
To promote paper conservation,we suggest adopting the following practices.First,we should print only when necessary. 【高分句型二】What's more,we should encourage the recycling of paper products. (节约用纸的做法)
Let's take action together and be responsible stewards of our environment. (呼吁)
The Student Union
【解析】高分句型一:Firstly,it depletes our precious natural resources,as paper production requires the cutting down of trees.
译文:首先,它耗尽了我们宝贵的自然资源,因为造纸需要砍伐树木。
分析:这句话使用了as引导的原因状语从句。
高分句型二:First,we should print only when necessary.
译文:首先,我们应该只在必要的时候打印。
分析:这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略句。
这是一篇提纲类作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译,而是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文,一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Oscar looked at the wide space between the sidewalk and the street.He saw some people standing there waiting for the bus.However,the sun was shining brightly.Some people was sweating heavily.It occurred to Oscar that he could plant the baby tree here.When it grew bigger,it could provide some shade for the people waiting for the bus.【高分句型一】Hearing the idea,Grandpa agreed to it. 【高分句型二】After planting the tree,they hoped the baby tree could grow up quickly.They imagined people standing under the tree happily.(他们在路边种下树,希望给人们带来阴凉)
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了Oscar找到一棵小树,想要种下,但是不知道种在哪里。他问了妈妈,祖父和姐姐,他们想起有关树的记忆。
高分句型一:When it grew bigger,it could provide some shade for the people waiting for the bus.
译文:当它长得更大时,它可以为等公共汽车的人提供一些阴凉处。
分析:这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句,waiting for the bus是现在分词短语作定语修饰the people。
高分句型二:Hearing the idea,Grandpa agreed to it.
译文:听到这个想法,爷爷同意了。
分析:这句话使用了现在分词短语Hearing the idea作状语。
解题方法点拨
(1)品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路,通过精读文章,找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜(结尾)"。
(2)仔细审题,明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求,如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示,这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
(3)回扣原文,揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求,再次快速阅读短文,抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示,确定续写段落的内容。
(4)拟写草稿,修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时,注意句子结构的多样性,语言的丰富性,并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用,使上下文连贯。
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