2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆市名校高二下学期6月月考英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆市名校高二下学期6月月考英语试题含答案，共28页。试卷主要包含了5分，本题共50分），5分，满分共15分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
大庆市名校2022-2023学年高二下学期6月月考
英语试题

一、 阅读理解（每题2.5分，本题共50分）
（一）阅读部分
A
Escape to the countryside for some fresh air, iconic landmarks and scenic surroundings. Here’s a list of the must-visit places in England that you can easily get to by car, train or coach from London.
Stonehenge
Though there is no clear evidence as to the intended purpose of Stonehenge, it is believed to be a place where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods. Located on Salisbury Plain, Stonehenge is older than all of the pyramids in Egypt - more than 5,000 years old and the site was worked on for around 1,500 years, which will take you by surprise.
Brighton
You would’ve heard of Brighton Pier, Brighton beach and of course you need have a taste of some authentic (真正的) Brighton Rock. This seaside town is always noisy with lots of events, sights, restaurants and shops.
Bath
To visit Britain’s one and only natural thermal spa. Take a dip in the Roman Baths that were constructed around 70AD for an experience of a lifetime. Not to mention the fact that Bath is rich in culture, history and heritage. You’ll fall in love with this charming town set in the countryside and its 18th century Georgian architecture.
Lake District
The scenery is wonderful, with hills, streams and waterfalls. The Lake District is a mountainous area, with some over 3,000 feet providing the best rock and winter climbing in the UK. If that’s not your thing, then just simply take in the wonderful views.
1．What may surprise visitors to Stonehenge?
A．Its long history. B．Its unique location.
C．Its beautiful view. D．Its crowded street.
2．What makes the tour in Bath unforgettable?
A．Shopping centers. B．A mazing streams.
C．A wonderful spa. D．A delicious meal.
3．Which is the best choice for a lover of outdoor sports?
A．Bath. B．Brighton.
C．Stonehenge. D．Lake District.
B
“When I was 6, I started looking after my father’s cows,” says Richard Turere, a teen from Kenya. “I’d take them out in the morning and bring them back in the evening. We put them in a small cowshed at night, and that’s when the trouble would start. Lions would jump in the shed and kill the cows.”
Lions are the top tourist attraction of Kenya, especially in the Nairobi National Park, which is near where Richard lives. Lions are also considered critically endangered in Kenya. Except for poaching (偷猎) and climate change, one of the main causes for the decline of the lion population, “is that farmers kill them, an eye-for-eye fight against lions attacking their livestock (牲畜),” says Paula Kahumbu, executive director of a wildlife preservation organization in Africa. She has been studying the conflict between humans and lions for years, and her work led her to Richard.
One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. A light bulb went on inside his head and an idea was born. Three weeks later, Richard invented a system of lights, mimicking (模仿) a human walking around with a flashlight. His system is made from broken flashlight parts and an indicator box from a motorcycle. “The only thing I bought was a solar panel, which supplies power to the lights at night,” says Richard. He calls the system Lion Lights.
“There have been a lot of efforts to try to protect the lions,” says Paula. “It’s a crisis and everyone is looking for a solution. One idea was land renting, another was lion-proof fences. And basically no one even knew that Richard had already come up with something that worked.”
Richard’s solution was very successful. His neighbors heard about it and wanted Lion Lights, too. He installed (安装) the lights for them and for six other homes in his community. From there, the lights spread and are now being used all around Kenya. Someone in South Africa is trying them out for tigers. In Zambia and Tanzania they’re being used, as well.
4．Why do Kenyan farmers kill lions?
A．To sell them to poachers for money. B．To use their bodies as a tourist attraction.
C．To protect the livestock from being eaten. D．To stop them from worsening climate change.
5．What is special about Lion Lights?
A．It has multiple power sources. B．It is made from second-hand items.
C．It mimics electric lion-proof fences. D．It uses light to frighten lions away.
6．What might the locals think of Lion Lights?
A．It is a simple and effective solution. B．It helps them rent their land quickly.
C．Its application should be expanded. D．Its installation needs improving.
7．What is the text about?
A．A Kenyan teen’s invention. B．The benefits of modern technology.
C．The conflicts between humans and lions. D．The decline of the Kenyan lion population.
C
Engineering researchers at the University of Waterloo are successfully using a robot to help keep children with learning disabilities focused on their work. This was one of the key results in a new study that also found both the youngsters and their instructors valued the positive classroom contributions made by the robot.
“Overall, the findings demonstrate that the robot has a positive effect on students,” said Dr. Kerstin Dautenhahn, a professor of electrical and computer engineering.
Educators have in recent years explored the use of social robots to help students learn, but most often, their research has focused on children with autism (孤独症). As a result, little work has been done on the use of socially assistive robots for students with learning disabilities.
Along with two other Waterloo engineering researchers and three experts from the Learning. Disabilities Society in Vancouver, Dautenhahn decided to change this, conducting a series of tests with a small humanoid (仿人的) robot called QTrobot.
Dautenhahn said the robot’s ability to perform gestures using its head and hands, accompanied by its speech and facial features, makes it very suitable for children with learning disabilities.
Building on promising earlier research, the researchers divided 16 students with learning disabilities into two groups. In one group, students worked one on-one with an instructor only. In the other group, the students worked one-on-one with an instructor and a QTrobot. In the latter group, the instructor used a tablet to direct the robot, which then autonomously performed various activities using its speech and gestures. While the instructor controlled the sessions, the robot took over at certain times to lead the students.
Besides introducing the session, the robot set goals and provided self-regulating strategies, if necessary. If the learning process was getting off- track, the robot used strategies such as games, riddles and physical movements to redirect the students back to the task.
“Students who worked with the robot,” Dautenhahn said, “were generally more engaged with their tasks and could complete their tasks at a higher rate compared to the students who weren’t assisted by a robot.
8．What can we know about Dautenhahn’s research?
A．It seeks to provide a treatment for autism.
B．It attempts to replace teachers with robots in teaching.
C．It intends to educate students to be creative and productive.
D．It studies the effects of robots on students with learning disabilities.
9．What is the sixth paragraph mainly about?
A．The role the robot played.
B．The process of the research.
C．The outcomes of the two groups.
D．The range of the participants involved.
10．How did the QTrobot help distracted students concentrate in class?
A．It warned the student directly by speech.
B．It assigned tasks for the student to complete.
C．It informed the instructor to intervene in the learning process.
D．It attracted the student’s attention through interesting activities.
11．What does Dautenhahn’s research imply?
A．Robots promote students’ academic performance greatly.
B．There is great potential for using robots in the education system.
C．Teachers are defeated by robots when it comes to motivating students.
D．Students are becoming more independent with the assistance of robots.
D
Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to reverse the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected areas such as national parks and wildlife preserves. But with as many as a million species at risk, this strategy may not be enough to conserve wildlife, especially in a world increasingly disrupted by climate change.
Slowing the mass extinction that now appears to be underway will require more creative means of coexisting alongside wild plants and animals. A new study emphasizes the effectiveness of some such approaches by examining indigenous-managed lands.
“We show really strongly that, from a biodiversity standpoint in terms of species richness, indigenous-managed lands are at least comparable to protected areas,” says biologist Richard Schuster of Carleton University. And in some places, they do far better than parks and preserves - even though indigenous communities may use their lands’ resources by hunting for food.
Schuster and his team analyzed more than 15,000 areas in Australia, Brazil and Canada. They found that the total diversity of birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles was highest on lands either managed or co-managed by indigenous groups, while randomly selected locations with no formal protection were the least bio-diverse. For threatened species in particular, indigenous lands scored slightly higher than protected lands on overall species richness in Brazil and Canada, as well as higher for threatened amphibians and reptiles in Australia, mammals in Brazil, and brids and reptiles in Canada.
Each country has a different geography, climate and colonization history. Yet remarkably, Schuster says, the best indicator for species diversity is whether a given area was managed by an indigenous community. He points out that practices such as sustainable hunting and fishing, as well as prescribed(规定的)burning, are more likely to occur in such areas. Don Hankins, an ecologist at California State University, Chico, who is a member of the Plains Miwok indigenous nation and was not involved in the study, agrees. “There’s probably going to be more of a connection to the land,” he says, “and a use of the land for the things that are there, compared to a national park.”
“It’s really important to listen to the people who live on the land and have them drive the efforts going forward” Schuster says, adding that partnering with indigenous communities may enable the world’s countries to better meet a wide range of conservation goals: “We really need all the help we can get as a global community to avoid the extinction crisis that we’re facing right now.”
12．The word “indigenous” is closest in meaning to _________.
A．creative B．effective C．local D．traditional
13．What conclusion did Schuster draw from his analysis?
A．Some threatened species were in an even worse situation.
B．Protected lands failed to preserve overall species richness.
C．Indigenous groups play a positive role in wildlife conservation.
D．The total diversity of wildlife was higher in Brazil than in Australia.
14．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Proper hunting or fishing won’t have a negative effect on biodiversity.
B．We should stop counting on national parks for wildlife conservation.
C．The extinction crisis is much more serious than previously thought.
D．More studies are needed to explore the human-nature balance.
15．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．Biodiversity: What We Have Neglected
B．Partnering with National Parks
C．Efforts Moving Forward
D．Beating Back Extinction

（二）七选五

A Great Way to Teach Children to Take Responsibility
As parents, one of the most important things to teach children to take responsibility is to include chores as a part of their daily routine. In order to make a family function smoothly, every member must contribute. Teaching your children to take responsibility at an early age makes it easier for them to shoulder greater responsibilities as they grow older.
16 If your children leave their crayons lying on the table after drawing, picking up those crayons is not a chore. It is cleaning up a mess they have created. 17
18 . For example, if it is to feed the dog every day, make  sure  the  children understand that if they fail in their responsibility, the dog will go hungry.
Make rewards and punishments a part of the lesson. Together decide whether they will be rewarded or not. 19 Some parents make their reward a monetary payment, while others choose to reward with certain privileges, such as extra television viewing time.
Children need to be taught that there are punishments for their actions in case of not doing their assigned chores. Decide and agree from the start what the punishment will be.
Teaching your children the importance of contributing to the family is of great importance. 20 By taking this step, you have done a wonderful thing for your children by providing them with life skills they can take with them into society.
A．A chore is a specific task a child has been assigned which helps improve the life of the entire family.
B．And what punishment they will receive if a chore isn’t done.
C．Actually you are taking a critical step in empowering them for their future.
D．Start by teaching children the difference between a chore and cleaning up after themselves.
E．Teach children the importance of each assignment, and why it matters.
F．Children will not be rewarded at all for merely cleaning up.
G．And if so, what the reward will be for a job well done.


二、完形填空（每题1分，满分共15分）
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (经验的,实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people 21 , and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the 22 environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling 23 how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more 24 , which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed 25 .
In addition to ceiling height, the view 26 by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who 27 the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to 28 academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C． Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with 29 views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily 30 roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests that 31 light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase 32 . Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
33 scientists have focused mainly on public buildings." We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw," architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make 34 , generalized use of them? That's what we're all 35 with."
21．A．tired B．informed C．focused D．delighted
22．A．physical B．chemical C．historical D．psychological
23．A．transforms B．interrupts C．improves D．affects
24．A．primarily B．freely C．practically D．originally
25．A．prospect B．review C．comment D．outlook
26．A．composed B．accompanied C．afforded D．reflected
27．A．experienced B．endured C．shouldered D．encountered
28．A．kick off B．hold up C．turn up D．pay off
29．A．imbalanced B．unblocked C．unrelated D．irrelevant
30．A．separated B．overlooked C．resembled D．connected
31．A．bright B．green C．dim D．blue
32．A．attention B．conversation C．concentration D．relaxation
33．A．So far B．However C．Hence D．Furthermore
34．A．absolute B．broad C．narrow D．concrete
35．A．beginning B．interacting C．competing D．struggling

三、语法填空（每题1.5分，满分共15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As arranged by the Chinese and US sides, Female giant panda Ya Ya, having lived in the United States for two decades, 36 (return) to China on the afternoon of April 27, 2023.
Ya Ya was born at the Beijing Zoo on Aug. 3, 2000. She arrived at the Memphis Zoo in April 2003, along with giant panda Le Le as envoys (使者) of friendship. The Memphis Zoo announced in December 2022 that it would return Ya Ya to China, 37 (conclude) 20 years of cooperative research.
In February, a Chinese expert group arrived at the Memphis Zoo to check Ya Ya’s health. A veterinarian and a keeper from the Beijing Zoo reached the Memphis Zoo and worked with the experts from the Chinese Association of Zoological Gardens, 38 had arrived earlier, to get familiar 39 the living habits and feeding conditions of Ya Ya. They also worked along with staff on the US side for Ya Ya’s breeding, nursing, and health assessment and made further preparations for her return 40 (ensure) a safe and sound trip.
“To better breed Ya Ya, we learned some 41 (gesture) and commands for behavior training from US keepers at Memphis,” said the Beijing Zoo keeper 42 (send) to Memphis.
Special care 43 (need) for an aging panda, and zoo staff take detailed notes on Ya Ya’s diet and 44 (careful) look at her mouth, back, and hands daily. Ya Ya is funny and likes to be close with people. She is so smart and 45 (adapt), and we believe she will quickly adapt to the new living environment.


四、应用文写作（满分共15分）
46．上周末，外教David组织你班同学到当地植物园参观。请你写一篇发言稿，通过英语广播与大家分享此次活动，内容包括：
1. 活动时间和地点；
2. 活动内容(参加劳动和了解植物等)；
3. 活动意义。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、读后续写（满分共25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two days before Christmas, I received a Facebook message from a stranger. “Hi, Peter,” it began, “my name is Al Sodaro and I’m a former patient of your Dad.”
My father was a doctor, and Al wanted to share holiday greetings and a childhood story involving a talk he’d had with Dad. Over the years I’ve received many such messages, or had people ask me if I was related to Dr. Zheutlin, or Dr. Z as he was well known in my New Jersey hometown. A story of grace or kindness would always follow.
When he was diagnosed (诊断) with lung cancer in 1997 and realized he was going to have to close his practice of more than 40 years, Dad asked me to help him draft a letter to his patients. He was heartbroken. “I think I need my patients more than they need me,” he told me.
We had the letters copied and mailed them out the old-fashioned way. He was completely unprepared for the outpouring of love and appreciation that followed. He was just doing his job, he said.
The cards and letters-hundreds of them-came from near and far. Young children sent drawings, many recalling their past with my father, or enclosed a lollipop (棒棒糖). Some came from parents who had been his patients when they were young. Some were several pages long, filled with stories about the doctor who, above all, showed kindness, answering their calls in the middle of the night or meeting them in the office before sunrise.
Sometimes his greatest gift was his ability to simply reduce their anxiety. At other times, he recognized rare but serious symptoms (due to his clinical excellence) where quick thinking avoided disaster. Many of the cards and letters contained stories like Al Sodaro’s. There was one, however, that is still fresh in my mind, which I shared at his standing-room-only memorial service.
When he was quite young, a little boy named Chris Eckershard came to the office, proud of a new pair of sneakers he was wearing.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dad asked Chris if he could have one, just one, of Chris’s sneakers.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The box came from a woman, who was Chris’s mother.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
大庆市名校2022-2023学年高二下学期6月月考
英语试题参考答案与解析
1．A 2．C 3．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了几个去英国的必游景点。
1．细节理解题。根据Stonehenge部分的“Located on Salisbury Plain, Stonehenge is older than all of the pyramids in Egypt - more than 5,000 years old and the site was worked on for around 1,500 years, which will take you by surprise.(巨石阵位于索尔兹伯里平原，它比埃及的所有金字塔都要古老——有5000多年的历史，该遗址已经建造了大约1500年，这会让你大吃一惊)”可知，人们会惊叹于巨石阵的悠久历史。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Bath部分的“To visit Britain’s one and only natural thermal spa. Take a dip in the Roman Baths that were constructed around 70AD for an experience of a lifetime. (参观英国唯一的天然温泉。在建于公元70年左右的罗马浴场里泡一泡，这将是一生难忘的经历)”可知，让Bath难忘的是美妙的温泉spa。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Lake District部分的“The scenery is wonderful, with hills, streams and waterfalls. The Lake District is a mountainous area, with some over 3,000 feet providing the best rock and winter climbing in the UK.(这里的风景很好，有山、小溪和瀑布。湖区是一个山区，海拔3000多英尺，是英国最好的岩石和冬季攀岩胜地)”可知，湖区有美丽的风景可以徒步和攀岩。由此可知，这里是喜欢户外运动的人的最好选择。故选D。
4．C 5．D 6．A 7．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要报道了来自肯尼亚的少年Richard Turere发明了狮子之光，用来吓走狮子。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Except for poaching (偷猎) and climate change, one of the main causes for the decline of the lion population, “is that farmers kill them, an eye-for-eye fight against lions attacking their livestock (牲畜),” says Paula Kahumbu, executive director of a wildlife preservation organization in Africa. (除了偷猎和气候变化，狮子数量减少的主要原因之一是“农民杀死它们，与攻击他们家畜的狮子进行一场以牙还牙的战斗，”非洲野生动物保护组织的执行主任保拉·卡洪布说)”可知，肯尼亚农民杀死狮子的原因是保护他们的牲畜不被吃掉。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. A light bulb went on inside his head and an idea was born. Three weeks later, Richard invented a system of lights, mimicking (模仿) a human walking around with a flashlight...He calls the system Lion Lights.(一天晚上，理查德拿着手电筒走来走去，发现狮子们害怕移动的灯光。他脑子里灵光一闪，一个想法诞生了。三周后，理查德发明了一套灯光系统，模仿一个拿着手电筒走路的人……他称之为狮子之光)”可知，狮子之光的特别之处在于它用光把狮子吓跑。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“And basically no one even knew that Richard had already come up with something that worked.(而且基本上没有人知道理查德已经想出了有效的方法)”和最后一段中“Richard’s solution was very successful.(理查德的解决方案非常成功)”可知，狮子之光很有效，根据倒数第三段中“His system is made from broken flashlight parts and an indicator box from a motorcycle. “The only thing I bought was a solar panel, which supplies power to the lights at night,” says Richard.(他的系统是由破碎的手电筒部件和一个摩托车指示盒组成。理查德说:“我只买了一块太阳能电池板，它可以在晚上为电灯供电。”)”可知，狮子之光很简单，由此可知，狮子之光既简单又有效，故选A。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. A light bulb went on inside his head and an idea was born. Three weeks later, Richard invented a system of lights, mimicking (模仿) a human walking around with a flashlight...He calls the system Lion Lights.(一天晚上，理查德拿着手电筒走来走去，发现狮子们害怕移动的灯光。他脑子里灵光一闪，一个想法诞生了。三周后，理查德发明了一套灯光系统，模仿一个拿着手电筒走路的人……他称之为狮子之光)”可知，文章主要讲述了来自肯尼亚的少年Richard Turere发明了狮子之光，用来吓走狮子，故选A。
8．D 9．B 10．D 11．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。滑铁卢大学的工程研究人员正在成功地利用机器人帮助有学习障碍的儿童专注于他们的工作。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Engineering researchers at the University of Waterloo are successfully using a robot to help keep children with learning disabilities focused on their work. This was one of the key results in a new study that also found both the youngsters and their instructors valued the positive classroom contributions made by the robot.”（滑铁卢大学的工程研究人员正在成功地利用机器人帮助有学习障碍的儿童专注于他们的工作。这是一项新研究的关键结果之一，该研究还发现，青少年和他们的教师都重视机器人在课堂上的积极贡献。）第二段““Overall, the findings demonstrate that the robot has a positive effect on students,” said Dr. Kerstin Dautenhahn, a professor of electrical and computer engineering.”（“总的来说，研究结果表明机器人对学生有积极的影响,”电子和计算机工程教授 Kerstin Dauthahn 博士说。）可知，计算机工程教授 Kerstin Dauthahn的研究是利用机器人帮助有学习障碍的儿童专注于他们的工作，且研究结果表明，机器人对学生有积极的影响。故选D。
9．主旨大意题。根据第六段中“Building on promising earlier research, the researchers divided 16 students with learning disabilities into two groups. In one group, students worked one on-one with an instructor only. In the other group, the students worked one-on-one with an instructor and a QTrobot. In the latter group, the instructor used a tablet to direct the robot, which then autonomously performed various activities using its speech and gestures. ”（在早期研究的基础上，研究人员将16名有学习障碍的学生分为两组。在一个小组中，学生们只和一个导师一对一地学习。在另一组中，学生与教师和 QT 机器人一对一地工作。在后一组中，教练使用平板电脑来指导机器人，然后机器人通过语音和手势自动完成各种活动。）可知，这里主要讲述的研究的过程。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If the learning process was getting off- track, the robot used strategies such as games, riddles and physical movements to redirect the students back to the task.”（如果学习过程偏离了轨道，机器人会使用游戏、谜语和身体动作等策略来重新引导学生回到任务上。）可知，当学生在学习中注意力不集中时，机器人会使用有趣的活动来帮助他们集中注意力。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Students who worked with the robot,” Dautenhahn said, “were generally more engaged with their tasks and could complete their tasks at a higher rate compared to the students who weren’t assisted by a robot.”（Dautenhahn说:“与没有机器人帮助的学生相比，与机器人一起工作的学生通常更投入于他们的任务，并且完成任务的速度更快。”）可知，通过使用这个辅助的机器人的帮助，学生会更投入于他们的任务，并且完成任务的速度更快，即在教育系统中使用机器人有很大的潜力。故选B。
12．C 13．C 14．A 15．D

【导语】本文为议论文。文章主要论述了在阻止物种的灭绝的方法中，国家公园和野生动物保护区对物种的保护远不如当地组织的管理保护。
12．词义猜测题。第一段“cientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to reverse the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected areas such as national parks and wildlife preserves. But with as many as a million species at risk, this strategy may not be enough to conserve wildlife, especially in a world increasingly disrupted by climate change.(科学家、保护组织和政府试图阻止物种灭绝的趋势，往往把重点放在国家公园和野生动物保护区等保护区。但是，由于有多达百万种物种面临危险，这项行动计划可能不足以保护野生动物, 尤其是在一个日益被气候变化破坏的世界里。)”可知这种国家公园和野生保护区有不足之处。因此推断第二段“A new study indicates the effectiveness of some such approaches by examining indigenous-managed lands.(一项新的研究表明，通过审查“indigenous”管理的一些方法是有效的。)”说明这个管理是与前面“national parks and wildlife preserves(国家公园和野生动物保护区)”国家管理是不同的，是相对的。结合第三段中的“even though indigenous communities may use their lands’ resources by hunting for food(尽管indigenous社区可以通过狩猎食物来利用他们的土地资源)”可推断出与国家保护区不同的是当地的组织管理。分析选项可知C中的local意为“本地的”符合题意，故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段“Schuster and his team analyzed more than 15,000 areas in Australia, Brazil and Canada. They found that the total diversity of birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles was highest on lands either managed or co-managed by indigenous groups, while randomly selected locations with no formal protection were the least bio-diverse. For threatened species in particular, indigenous lands scored slightly higher than protected lands on overall species richness in Brazil and Canada, as well as higher for threatened amphibians and reptiles in Australia, mammals in Brazil, and brids and reptiles in Canada.( Richard Schuster的团队分析了澳大利亚、巴西和加拿大的15000多个地区。他们发现，在由当地组织管理或共同管理的土地上，野生动物的多样性最高，而随机选择的没有正式保护的区域的生物多样性最低。特别是濒危的物种，在巴西和加拿大，本地管理的土地的物种丰富度略高于受保护土地，澳大利亚受威胁的两栖动物和爬行动物，巴西的哺乳动物，加拿大的鸟类和爬行动物也高于受保护土地)”可知，Richard Schuster的团队分析了澳大利亚、巴西和加拿大的15000多个地区。他们发现，在由当地组织管理或共同管理的土地上，野生动物的多样性最高，而随机选择的没有正式保护的区域的生物多样性最低。特别是濒危的物种，在巴西和加拿大，本地管理的土地的物种丰富度略高于受保护土地，澳大利亚受威胁的两栖动物和爬行动物，巴西的哺乳动物，加拿大的鸟类和爬行动物也高于受保护土地。由此可推断出当地的保护在保持生物多样性方面做得更好。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段“Each country has a different geography, climate and colonization history. Yet remarkably, Schuster says, the best indicator for species diversity is whether a given area was managed by an indigenous community. He points out that practices such as sustainable hunting and fishing, as well as prescribed(规定的)burning, are more likely to occur in such areas. (每个国家都有不同的地理、气候和殖民历史。然而值得注意的是，Schuster说，物种多样性最好的指标是一个特定的地区是否由一个土著社区管理。他指出,诸如可持续狩猎和渔业等做法,以及规定的燃烧,更有可能发生在这些地区。)”可知，适当的狩猎或捕鱼不会对生物多样性产生负面影响。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨“Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to reverse the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected areas such as national parks and wildlife preserves.( 试图扭转物种灭绝趋势的科学家、保护组织和政府往往把努力集中在国家公园和野生动物保护区等保护区。)”可知，科学家、保护组织和政府试图阻止物种灭绝的趋势。接着文章叙述了保护物种灭绝的重点只放在国家公园和野生动物保护区等保护区不足以保护野生动物。从第二段起提出了一种新的方法—当地组织的管理来阻止物种的灭绝。由此可推断出本文主要讲述有效地与物种的灭绝作斗争，即击退物种的灭绝。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
16．D 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．C

【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过实例说明父母应该如何教孩子承担责任。
16．根据段落行文的规律，第一段往往是总说。而到第二段开始就是分说了。既然第一段已经总起这篇文章，那么第二段开始的地方就应该是描述如何承担责任的第一个环节。再根据这段后面的内容：如果你的孩子在画画之后将蜡笔留在桌上，那么收拾这些蜡笔就不是琐事，而是收拾打扫他们所造成的乱糟糟的环境。那么这段刚开始就应该说明这些内容的总起：以什么样的方式开始教孩子承担责任呢？选项D内容：Start by teaching children the difference between a chore and cleaning up after themselves. 事后通过教孩子区分琐事和清洁之间的区别开始。这一选项切合题意。故选D。
17．根据空格前面的内容：如果你的孩子在画画之后将蜡笔留在桌上，那么收拾这些蜡笔就不是琐事，而是收拾打扫他们所造成的乱糟糟的环境。那么接下来就应当讲述一下什么是琐事这个定义。因此A选项：A chore is a specific task a child has been assigned which helps improve the life of the entire family.琐事就是一项特别的任务，小孩子得到的任务是帮助提升整个家庭的生活质量而付出的努力。此项切合题意，故选A。
18．根据空格后面的描述：如果是每天喂狗的话，要确保孩子懂得如果他们哪天没有履行职责的话，狗会挨饿。这件事情的描述告诉我们一定要告诉孩子每一件事情的重要性以及这件事为什么重要。而E选项：Teach children the importance of each assignment, and why it matters.教会孩子每件任务的重要性以及为什么重要。此项切合题意，故选E。
19．根据上下文得知此段的核心和关键词是讲回报和惩罚。空格前面两句话可以推出如下结果：让回报和惩罚成为每日功课的一部分。和孩子一起决定他们是否应该得到奖励，如果是的……，有些父母亲……根据此推定，选项G最切合题意：And if so, what the reward will be for a job well done. 如果是的话，对于做的好的工作应该得到什么奖励。故选G。
20．空格前的句子告诉我们教孩子为家庭做贡献非常重要。空格后句子告诉我们通过采取这个步骤，你已经为你的孩子做了一件很精彩的事情，那就是为你的孩子形成了走向社会的生活技能。这个生活技能在这里指的是父母亲在培养孩子承担责任的同时收获了的技能，可以在社会上立足的技能。这个与孩子的未来生活密切相关，而选项C：Actually you are taking a critical step in empowering them for their future.事实上你正采取的是关键的一步，帮助孩子为他们的将来赋能。为他们的将来赋能不就是培养孩子的责任感让他们在将来走向社会时可以立足吗？由此可以推出答案为C选项。故选C。

21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．D

【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者提出一个观点：空间设计等物理自然会影响人的活动，比如思考、感觉、放松。并通过介绍一些研究佐证这一观点。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们正在挖掘如何设计空间能提升创造力、使人们保持高度集中以及诱导休息。A. tired 疲惫的；B. informed 被告知的；C. focused 集中注意力的；D. delighted 开心的。根据前文“affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors”“影响我们的思想、感觉和行为”和“promote creativity”“提升创造力”可推测是设计空间能提升创造力、使人们保持高度集中。故C项keep focused符合题意。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明物理环境的一些方面能影响创造力。A. physical 物理的；B. chemical 化学的；C. historical 历史的；D. psychological 心理的。根据后文“the height of a room’s ceiling”“天花板的高度”可推测是物理环境。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，明尼苏达大学的Joan 报道指出房间天花板的高度影响人们如何思考。A. transforms 改变；B. interrupts 打断；C. improves 提升；D. affects 影响。根据后文“the higher ceilings encourage people to think…”“高的天花板鼓励人们思考”可知思考受天花板高度的影响。故选D。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的研究表明天花板越高，人们思考得越多自由，真能导致他们建立更多的抽象联系。A. primarily 最初地；B. freely 自由地；C. practically 实际地；D. originally 独创地。根据后文“abstract connections”“抽象联系”可知要建立抽象联系需要发挥想象，故需要更自由地思考。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，低天花板可能启发更具体的观点。A. prospect 前景；B. review 回顾；C. comment 评论；D. outlook 前景 、观点。根据前文“influence creativity”“影响创造力”“abstract connections”“抽象联系”可知这一段旨在讲述如何影响思考，思考就会产生自己的观点、结论。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了天花板高度，建筑提供的风景可能影响居住人集中注意力的能力。A. composed 组成；B. accompanied 陪伴；C. afforded 提供；D. reflected 反映。根据本句的搭配可知“a building”和“the view”“风景”之间的关系为：一个建筑能提供、呈现怎么的风景。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：康奈尔大学的Nancy 和她的同事在他们的研究中发现那些因为搬家而体验了最多绿色的孩子在注意力的标准测试中收获最多。A. experienced 体验；B. endured 忍受；C. shouldered 承担；D. encountered 面对。根据前文“the greatest increase in greenness”可知空格处选experienced合适，体验了最多绿色的孩子在注意力的标准测试中收获最多。故选A。
28．考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：利用自然提高注意力必须从学术方面取得成功，芝加哥大学设计和规划实验室负责人Tanner 的研究表明似乎也表明成功了。A. kick off 踢开；B. hold up 举起；C. turn up 调大、出现；D. pay off 付清、取得成功。根据后文“Tanner and his team found…”说明他们的研究取得了成效，有所发现，故是成功的。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tanner和他的团队发现如果教室窗户外有至少50英尺长的风景，学生的在单词、语言艺术和数学的测验中比那些教室主要只能俯瞰道路和停车场的学生取得的分数高。A. imbalanced 不平衡的；B. unblocked 畅通的；C. unrelated 无关的；D. irrelevant 不相干的。根据前后文“views of at least 50 feet outside”“窗户外有至少50英尺长的风景”“roads and parking lots”“道路和停车场”可知这句话在对两种教室进行对比。一种窗外就是道路和停车场，即风景被阻拦了，另一种应该是不受阻碍的风景，能看到大量风景。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意： Tanner和他的团队发现如果教室窗户外有至少50英尺长的风景，学生的在单词、语言艺术和数学的测验中比那些教室主要只能俯瞰道路和停车场的学生取得的分数高。A. separated 分开；B. overlooked 俯瞰；C. resembled 像；D. connected 连接。根据根据前后文“roads and parking lots”“道路和停车场”可知这句话在对两种教室进行对比。故后者的风景被道路、停车场代替，学生只能俯瞰到这两种场景。故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近关于房间照明设计的研究表明昏暗的灯光能帮助人放松下来。A. bright 明亮的；B. green 绿色的；C. dim 昏暗的；D. blue 蓝色的。根据后文“keeping the light low during dinner or at parties”“晚餐或聚会时保持昏暗的灯光”可推测昏暗的灯光能帮助人放松。因为晚餐和聚会是非正式场合，一般用于放松。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。通常而言，如果这是正确的，晚餐或聚会时保持昏暗的灯光能使人更放松。句意：A. attention 注意；B. conversation 交流；C. concentration 集中；D. relaxation 放松。根据前文“helps people to loosen up”“帮助人们放松下来”可知此处填放松的名词形式relaxation。故选D。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，科学家主要集中于研究公共建筑。A. so far 到目前为止；B. however 然而；C. hence 因此；D. furthermore 此外。由本句现在完成时可知使用so far，表明是从过去到现在这一段时间的研究状况，符合题意。故选A。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你如何回答具体的问题？并广泛的、普遍的利用它们？A. absolute 绝对的；B. broad 广泛的；C. narrow 狭窄的；D. concrete 具体的。根据后文“generalized”“普遍的”可知提倡回答问题要注意举一反三，故与其并列的形容词为broad。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我们所有人正在为之努力的事情。A. beginning 开始；B. interacting 互动；C. competing 竞争；D. struggling 挣扎、努力。根据前文“we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw”“我们还在透过吸管看问题”，可知这个阶段问题是很难解决的。故为解决问题而努力符合题意。故选D。

36．returned 37．concluding 38．who 39．with 40．to ensure 41．gestures 42．sent 43．is needed 44．carefully 45．adaptable

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了大熊猫丫丫回国之前的一系列准备和交接工作。
36．考查一般过去时。句意：在中美双方安排下，在美国生活了二十年的雌性大熊猫丫丫于2023年4月27日下午返回中国。该空是句子谓语，主语是Female giant panda Ya Ya，时间状语on the afternoon of April 27，2023表示句子是一般过去时，故该空是动词过去式，故填returned。
37．考查现在分词。句意：孟菲斯动物园于2022年12月宣布将丫丫归还中国，结束了20年的合作研究。该句谓语是announced，此处是非谓语动词做状语，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填concluding。
38．考查定语从句。句意：北京动物园的兽医和饲养员到达孟菲斯动物园，与早到的中国动物园协会的专家一起熟悉丫丫的生活习性和饲养条件。该空是定语从句的关系词，先行词是the experts，指人，在从句中是主语，应关系代词who引导从句，故填who。
39．考查介词。句意：北京动物园的兽医和饲养员到达孟菲斯动物园，与早到的中国动物园协会的专家一起熟悉丫丫的生活习性和饲养条件。get familiar with表示“对……变得熟悉”，是固定短语，此处表示为了熟悉Y Y的生活习惯和喂养条件，故填with。
40．考查不定式。句意：她还与美方工作人员一起为丫丫的饮食、护理和健康评估工作，并为她返回确保安全无虞的旅行做了进一步的准备。该句谓语是worked和made，空格处是不定式做目的状语，表示为了确保旅途平安，故填to ensure。
41．考查名词复数。句意：“为了更好地喂养丫丫，我们从孟菲斯的美国饲养员那里学到了一些行为训练的手势和命令”，北京动物园的饲养员说。该空是learned的宾语，应用名词，gesture姿势，可数名词，some 后用其复数形式，故填gestures。
42．考查过去分词。句意：“为了更好地繁殖丫丫，我们从孟菲斯的美国饲养员那里学到了一些行为训练的手势和命令”，北京动物园的饲养员说。该句谓语是said，该空是非谓语动词做后置定语，逻辑主语keeper和send (派) 是被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填sent。
43．考查被动语态。句意：老年熊猫需要特别照顾，动物园工作人员会详细记录丫丫的饮食，并每天仔细观察她的嘴巴、背部和手部。该空是句子谓语，句子是一般现在时，主语Special care和need(需要)是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语不可数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填 is needed。
44．考查副词。句意：老年熊猫需要特别照顾，动物园工作人员会详细记录丫丫的饮食，并每天仔细观察她的嘴巴、背部和手部。该空修饰动词短语look at，故用副词carefully，故填carefully。
45．考查形容词。句意：她非常聪明且适应能力强，我们相信她会很快适应新的生活环境。该空和and前面的smart是并列的，故也为形容词，adaptable表示“有适应能力的”符合题意，故填adaptable。
46．
【详解】1.词汇积累
参观：visit→pay a visit
有意义的：meaningful→significant
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
各种各样的：various→a variety of
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：This activity made us deeply understand the importance of labor and broaden plant knowledge. And it also strengthened our consciousness of loving and protecting nature.
拓展句：Not only did this activity make us deeply understand the importance of labor and broaden plant knowledge, but also it strengthened our consciousness of loving and protecting nature.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Last Saturday afternoon, our foreign teacher David organized our class to visit the local botanical garden, which is a habitat of various plants. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] And it also strengthened our consciousness of loving and protecting nature. (运用了动名词作宾语)
47．One possible version:
Dad asked Chris if he could have one, just one, of Chris’s sneakers. I imagine at first Chris was confused, but then understood Dad was gently joking with him. By the time Dad was dying, Chris was about 12 and the sneaker joke had been ongoing for years. Every time he came to the office, Dad would ask him for one of his shoes. A week before Dad died, a small box arrived in the mail and inside was a single well-worn sneaker. It remains a cherished possession in our family.
The box came from a woman, who was Chris’s mother. Hearing the news of Dad’s death, she drove all the way to the funeral home to tell us something. She was a single, working mom raising Chris on a tight budget, and had no health insurance. She wanted us to know that for years, Dad refused to take a penny from her. Dad never told us such stories as these. He did these things not because he wanted others to think better of him, but because he believed what mattered most in the world was kindness.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者收到了一个陌生人发来的Facebook信息，是父亲以前的病人发来的。父亲生病后，不得不结束诊所的工作，因此让作者他起草一封致病人的信。信寄出后收到了很多回复，病人们讲述着自己的故事，感激作者的父亲。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“爸爸问Chris他是否要可以要一只Chris的运动鞋”可知，第一段可描写Chris和父亲关于运动鞋的故事。
②由第二段首句内容“这个盒子来自一个女人，她是Chris的母亲”可知，第二段可描写Chris的母亲前来诉说父亲从来没有收钱，和作者感悟。
2.续写线索：询问是否可以要Chris的运动鞋——笑话持续多年——收到运动鞋——母亲前来——得知真相——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想：want/feel like
②去世：die/pass away
③到达：arrive/reach
情绪类
①温柔地：gently /softly
②困惑：confused /puzzled
【点睛】[高分句型1] Every time he came to the office, Dad would ask him for one of his shoes. (运用了every time引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] He did these things not because he wanted others to think better of him, but because he believed what mattered most in the world was kindness. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)