2021-2022学年重庆市育才中学校高二下学期学业质量调研抽测英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年重庆市育才中学校高二下学期学业质量调研抽测英语试题含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2021—2022学年度(下期)高中学业质量调研抽测
高二英语试卷
(试卷共12页，考试时间为120分钟，满分为150分。)
注意事项：
1. 作答前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答时，务必将答案涂/写在答题卡上。写在试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡、试卷、草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to do tonight?
A. Go to bed early. B. Prepare for a trip. C. Have dinner with the man.
2. What will the weather probably be like next day?
A. Fine. B. Windy. C. Rainy.
3. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In a cinema. B. In a library. C. In a hotel.
4. How much will the man pay?
A. $5. B. $10. C. $20.
5. Why did the woman come back late?
A. She had a meeting. B. She went to see the dentist. C. She stopped to buy cookies.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who is Lisa probably?
A. A shop assistant. B. Dominic’s mother. C. The man’s friend.
7. What did the man buy for his nephew last year?
A. A toy soldier. B. A computer game. C. A Mickey Mouse.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What has the man lost?
A. A book. B. A watch. C. A paper.
9. Where is the woman going?
A. To the cafeteria. B. To the library. C. To the art building.
10. What’s the man going to confirm with the others?
A. The participants of the history test.
B. The time of science class.
C. The place to meet.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where is the Royal Hotel?
A. At the first traffic light. B. Near the first crossing. C. Opposite the post office.
12. What does the man think of uphill walk?
A. It’s demanding. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s boring.
13. How will the woman probably go to the Royal Hotel?
A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By bus.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the man doing?
A. Applying for a course. B. Having an interview. C. Organizing a summer trip.
15. How long will the course run this year?
A. 6 weeks. B. 7 weeks. C. 8 weeks.
16. What surprised the woman last year?
A. The extremely hot weather.
B. The inexperienced assistants.
C. The number of children attending the course.
17. What new activities will be added this year?
A. Adventure sports. B. Fun programs. C. Creative classes.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which year of high school are the students in now?
A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year.
19. Why is joining some clubs important for college students?
A. To learn new skills. B. To have great fun. C. To make friends.
20. What are the speaker’s tips mainly about?
A. How to spend time in college.
B. How to enjoy the college life.
C. How to study in high schools.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Old and unrestored theatres are all around us and yet so unnoticed. Recently, a new photobook has unveiled their often overlooked beauty.
Proctor’s Theatre, Troy, New York
Originally opened as Proctor’s Fourth Street Theatre in 1914, it hosted famous comedians such as Jack Benny and Bob Hope. From 1929, it was successively taken over, renamed as Proctor’s Troy Theatre and switched to screening films. In the 1960s, it began playing second-run films before closing in 1977. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently not being used today.
Proctor’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey
Although available outdoors from street sellers. food was banned in theatres to display respectability. In the late 1920s, however, the operators in Proctor’s Theatre in Newark began to set up stands to improve the economic situation during the Great Depression. Popcorn and Coke would become a significant part of the theatre’s income.
Metropolitan Opera House, Philadelphia
The theatre was originally opened as the Philadelphia Opera House in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metropolitan Opera House, showing silent films in addition to hosting various opera companies. In the 1940s, it became a sports arena. In 1954, it was turned into a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the developer came to an agreement on a repair for a music venue that was completed and reopened in 2018.
RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre, New York
Originally opened in 1928, RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thomas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed on the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bought and closed by its new owner who planned to build a shopping centre on the site, intentionally damaging the hall. In 2019, despite the preservation efforts, the hall was knocked down to make way for a residential tower block.
1. Which one is the oldest among the four theatres?
A. Proctor’s Theatre, Troy, New York B. Proctor’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey
C. Metropolitan Opera House, Philadelphia D. RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre, New York
2. What do the four theatres have in common?
A. All of them are out of use now.
B. All of them are admired in 21st century.
C. All of them are ignored by most of people today.
D. All of them haven’t been repaired since they were set up.
3. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To rank the old and unrestored theatres.
B. To encourage people to protect the old theatres.
C. To show the development of American theatres.
D. To provide information on overlooked old theatres.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个被人们忽略的老剧院。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Proctor’s Theatre, Troy, New York部分的“Originally opened as Proctor's Fourth Street Theatre in 1914(最初于1914年作为普罗克特第四街剧院开业）”、Proctor’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey部分的“In the late 1920s,however, the operators in Proctor’s Theatre in Newark began to set up stands to improve the economic situation during the Great Depression(然而，在20世纪20年代末，纽瓦克市普罗科特剧院的经营者开始设立摊位，以改善大萧条时期的经济状况）”、Metropolitan Opera House, Philadelphia部分的“The theatre was originally opened as the Philadelphia Opera House in 1908.(剧院最初于1908年作为费城歌剧院开放。）”和RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre, New York部分的“Originally opened in 1928, RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thomas Lamb.(雷电光基思的法拉盛剧院最初于1928年开放，由托马斯兰姆设计。)”可知，费城大都会歌剧院是四个剧院中最古老的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Old and unrestored theatres are all around us and yet so unnoticed. Recently, a new photobook has unveiled their often overlooked beauty. (旧的和未修复的剧院就在我们周围，但却不为人所知。最近，一本新的摄影集揭示了它们经常被忽视的美丽。)”可知，这四个剧院有一个共同点，那就是它们现在都被大多数人忽略了。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Old and unrestored theatres are all around us and yet so unnoticed. Recently, a new photobook has unveiled their often overlooked beauty. (旧和未修复的剧院就在我们周围，但却不为人所知。最近，一本新的摄影集揭示了它们经常被忽视的美丽。)”结合下文对四个老剧院的独特之处的介绍可知，本文的目的是提供一些有关被忽略的旧剧院的资料。因此D. “To provide information on overlooked old theatres.(提供被忽视的老剧院的信息。)”是本文的写作目的。故选D。
B
HANGZHOU—Wearing a backpack and earphones, Peter Zhang set off from his office during rush hour, accompanied by his favourite podcast. Podcasts (播客) have become a life companion for the 27-year-old white-collar worker in Beijing. “When I’m commuting (通勤) or waiting, the podcast fill the boring blanks.” he said.
According to a report by market research company eMarketer, there were 86 million podcast listeners in China last year, second only to the United States. In eastern China’s Zhejiang province, Zhao Fanyu prepared dinner for herself while listening to a podcast. “Listening to podcasts gives me some companionship when I’m doing chores or cooking.” she said. After getting her master’s degree, Zhao found a job in Jiaxing as a grassroots civil servant. She listens to podcasts for more than an hour a day and usually listens to discussions about current events and hot topics. She says podcasts are becoming a spiritual home for young people living alone in big cities. Young urbanites like Zhao living in China’s first-and-second-tier cities are the main audience for podcasts. They care about current affairs and personal feelings, and they listen to serious discussions as well as those about games and entertainment.
Based on the statistics from podcast search engine Listen-Notes, there were more than 40,000 Chinese podcasts at the end of last year, up from more than 10,000 in April 2020. Dong Chenyu, a lecture at Renmin University of China’s School of Journalism and Communication, said sound sometimes has advantages over video. He said the COVID-19 pandemic has made people spend more time at home, but prolonged screen time has affected their eyes, making podcasts a welcome relief.
Podcasts are also gradually becoming more valuable commercially. Shu Yulong, CEO of podcast app Xiaoyuzhoufm, said podcasts are now gradually being taken seriously by players in the media market. “In 2021, traditional paper media started to enter the podcast market, opening podcast accounts on Xiaoyuzhoufm, and recording audio content for podcast platform distribution.” Shu said.
Market researcher eMarketer predicts the number of podcast listeners in China will reach 102 million this year, and that more than 10 percent of the Chinese population will be podcast listeners by 2024.
4. Why does the passage mention Peter Zhang and Zhao Fanyu?
A. To introduce the topic of the passage. B. To show the popularity of podcasts.
C. To emphasize the importance of podcasts. D. To support the author’s opinion.
5. Which kind of program are podcast listeners probably interested in?
A. The World Today B. Weather Forecast
C. The Traffic Report D. Chinese Eight Cuisine
6. What’s the social media’s attitude to podcasts?
A. Indifferent. B. Mixed. C. Negative. D. Positive.
7. Where can you possibly read this passage?
A. In a contract. B. In a journal. C. In a newspaper. D. In a brochure.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生活在中国一二线城市的年轻都市人是播客的主要观众。他们关心时事和个人感受，他们听严肃的讨论，也听关于游戏和娱乐的讨论。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She says podcasts are becoming a spiritual home for young people living alone in big cities. Young urbanites like Zhao living in China’s first-and-second-tier cities are the main audience for podcasts. They care about current affairs and personal feelings, and they listen to serious discussions as well as those about games and entertainment. (她说，播客正在成为大城市里独自生活的年轻人的精神家园。像赵这样生活在中国一二线城市的年轻都市人是播客的主要受众。他们关心时事和个人感受，他们听严肃的讨论，也听关于游戏和娱乐的讨论。)”可推断，文章提到了张继承和赵凡宇，以显示播客的受欢迎程度。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Young urbanites like Zhao living in China’s first-and-second-tier cities are the main audience for podcasts. They care about current affairs and personal feelings, and they listen to serious discussions as well as those about games and entertainment.(像赵这样生活在中国一二线城市的年轻都市人是播客的主要观众。他们关心时事和个人感受，他们听严肃的讨论，也听关于游戏和娱乐的讨论。)”可推断，播客听众可能对“当今世界”感兴趣。A. The World Today当今世界；B. Weather Forecast天气预报；C. The Traffic Report交通报告；D. Chinese Eight Cuisine中国八大菜系。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Market researcher eMarketer predicts the number of podcast listeners in China will reach 102 million this year, and that more than 10 percent of the Chinese population will be podcast listeners by 2024. (市场研究公司eMarketer预测，今年中国的播客听众人数将达到1.02亿，到2024年，超过10%的中国人口将成为播客听众。)”可推断，社交媒体对播客的态度是积极的。A. Indifferent.不在乎的；B. Mixed.混合的；C. Negative.消极的；D. Positive.积极的。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“HANGZHOU—Wearing a backpack and earphones, Peter Zhang set off from his office during rush hour, accompanied by his favourite podcast. Podcasts (播客) have become a life companion for the 27-year-old white-collar worker in Beijing. “When I’m commuting (通勤) or waiting, the podcast fill the boring blanks.” he said. (杭州——彼得·张背着背包，戴着耳机，在高峰时间从他的办公室出发，伴随着他最喜欢的播客。播客已经成为这位27岁的北京白领的生活伴侣。“当我通勤或等待时，播客填补了无聊的空白。”他说。)”可推断，这是来自杭州的一条新闻报道。A. In a contract.在合同里；B. In a journal.在一本日记里；C. In a newspaper.在报纸上；D. In a brochure.在一本小册子里。故选C。
C
Moscow-based photographer Anastasiya Dobrovolskaya is not a typical “pet photographer.” Her trademark photos look like something out of a fairy tale, but everything is real - from beautiful and unique people to breathtaking landscapes, and various animals you wouldn’t expect to pose alongside people. Tigers, owls, horses… anything you can think of is featured in Dobrovolskaya’s incredible portfolio, including the most wanted bear model, Stepan, who was rescued as a cub and raised by loving humans.
In July of 2018, Anastasiya started taking photos by accident. After three failed attempts at photography, giving up trying, and finding her way to photography again, she received a message from a woman who wanted a photo shoot with a rooster. Although she had never photographed people with animals and didn’t have much experience altogether, she took on a challenge and fell in love. In a week, she photographed an owl, then a horse, and it kicked off from there with some of her photos going viral online. It was enough to quit her job and pursue a career in commercial photography.
The 30-year-old photographer takes dreamlike photos that capture the magical bond between animals and humans and show how beautifully diverse, yet similar they are. “In my work, I want to show common features between people and animals so that animals become more respected by people and people will do their best to minimize the harm they do to nature.” She says.
However, some people accuse her of using animals - animals suffer during photoshoots, and so on. But they don’t even know how far they are from the truth. In most cases, the animals were rescued from poor conditions, from fur factories, or were abandoned by the owners. Almost all large animals live in the countryside, in spacious areas, in specially equipped enclosures (场所) with regular walking. Each animal feeds on the basis of its species. “Only those animals with a certain character are selected for the photoshoots, and the process is almost always very comfortable.” explained the photographer.
The photographer now has an astonishing 179,000 followers on Instagram—an audience that has become a source of endless support, energy, and inspiration.
8. What is the meaning of the underlined word “portfolio” in Paragraph 1?
A. Exhibitions. B. Photography works.
C. News reports. D. Self-introduction.
9. What does Anastasiya want to show in her photos?
A. The life of animals. B. The love for animals.
C. The harm humans bring to animals. D. The similar characteristics between humans and animals.
10. What would the photographer probably take a photo of?
A. A tiger running after a deer. B. A stream winding through a valley.
C. A boy playing with his kitten. D. A bird resting on a cow’s shoulder.
11. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The animals are badly treated.
B. Few people appreciate the photos.
C. The photographer has worked on photography.
D. The photos may arouse people’s awareness of nature protection.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了莫斯科摄影师Anastasiya以人与动物为主题进行摄影，以此唤起人们保护自然的意识。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句前一句“Her trademark photos look like something out of a fairy tale, but everything is real—from beautiful and unique people to breathtaking landscapes, and various animals you wouldn’t expect to pose alongside people. (她标志性的照片看起来就像童话故事，但一切都是真实的，从美丽独特的人物到壮丽的风景，以及各种你不曾预料到的会在人们身边摆姿势的动物) ”可知，这里是在介绍Anastasiya摄影作品的特点，接下来句中的“Tigers, owls, horses...anything you can think of (老虎、猫头鹰、马……，任何你能想到的动物)”都是指出现在Anastasiya摄影作品中的动物，由此可以推知，划线词portfolio指的“Photography works (摄影作品)”。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““In my work, I want to show common features between people and animals so that animals become more respected by people and people will do their best to minimize the harm they do to nature.” She says. (“在我的作品中，我想展示人与动物之间的共同特征，这样动物就会受到人们的尊重，人们也会尽最大努力减少它们对自然的伤害。”她说。)”可知，阿纳斯塔西娅想在她的照片中表现人类和动物之间的相似特征。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Her trademark photos look like something out of a fairy tale, but everything is real - from beautiful and unique people to breathtaking landscapes, and various animals you wouldn’t expect to pose alongside people. (她的标志性照片看起来就像童话故事里的东西，但一切都是真实的——从美丽独特的人物到令人惊叹的风景，还有各种你意想不到的动物和人们一起摆姿势。)”和第三段“The 30-year-old photographer takes dreamlike photos that capture the magical bond between animals and humans and show how beautifully diverse, yet similar they are. (这位30岁的摄影师拍摄了梦幻般的照片，捕捉到了动物和人类之间的神奇纽带，展示了它们是多么美丽多样，却又如此相似。)”可知，摄影师Anastasiya拍摄的主题是人与动物。因此，摄影师可能会拍下的照片是C项“A boy playing with his kitten. (一个男孩在和他的小猫玩耍。)”故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“ “In my work, I want to show common features between people and animals so that animals become more respected by people and people will do their best to minimize the harm they do to nature.” She says. (她说：“在我的工作中，我想展示人和动物之间的共同特征，这样动物就更受人尊重，人们就会尽最大努力把它们对自然的伤害降到最低。”) ”可知，摄影师Anastasiya拍摄的主题是人与动物，以此号召人们降低对自然的伤害。因此可推知，这些照片可能会唤起人们保护自然的意识。故选D。
D
Harbour seals may sound different than expected from their body size. Is this ability related to their vocal (声音的) talents or is it the result of an anatomical (身体结构上的) adaptation? An international team of researchers led by scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen investigated the vocal tracts of harbour seals, which matched their body size. This means that harbour seals are capable of learning new sounds thanks to their brains rather than their anatomy.
Most animals produce calls that reflect their body size. A larger animal will sound lower-pitched because its vocal tract, the air-filled tube that produces and filters sounds, is longer. But harbour seals do not always sound like they look. They may sound larger —perhaps to impress a rival (对手)—or smaller—perhaps to get attention from their mothers. Are these animals very good at learning sounds (vocal learners), or have their vocal tracts adapted to allow this vocal flexibility?
To answer this question, PhD student Koen De Reus and senior investigator Andrea Ravignani from the MPI worked together with researchers from Sealcentre Pieterburen. The team measured young harbour seals’ vocal tracts and body size. The measurements were taken from 68 young seals (up to twelve months old) who had died. The team also re-analysed previously gathered harbour seal vocalisations to confirm their impressive vocal flexibility.
De Reus and Ravignani found that the length of harbour seals’ vocal tracts matched their body size. There were no anatomical explanations for their vocal skills. Rather, the researchers argue that only vocal learning can explain why harbour seals do not always sound like they look. “Vocal learners will sound different from their body size, but the size of their vocal tracts will match their body size. The combined findings from acoustic (听觉的) and anatomical data may help us to identify more vocal learners,” says de Reus. “Studying different vocal learners may help us to find the biological bases of vocal learning and shed light on the evolution of complex communication systems, such as speech.” “The more we look, the more we see that seals have something to say about human speech capacities.” adds Ravignani.
12. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Harbour seals’ voice matches their body size.
B. If harbour seals were in danger, they would sound larger.
C. The young harbour seals produce higher-pitched sound than the old.
D. Harbour seals have their vocal tracts adapted to allow their vocal flexibility.
13. Why did De Reus and Ravignani conduct their research?
A. To explain why harbour seals’ voice is flexible.
B. To confirm the flexibility of harbour seals’ voice.
C. To find out the relation between harbour seals’ vocal tracts and their body size.
D. To prove harbour seals are capable of learning new sound because of their anatomy.
14. What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A. Seals have something to do with humans.
B. Studying seals contributes to improving humans speech capacities.
C. The more we know about seals’ vocal learning, the better our speech will be.
D. The deeper insight into seals’ vocal learning contributes to human speech capacities.
15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A Harbour Seals’ Voice B. Harbour Seals’ Vocal Skills
C. Harbour Seals’ Vocal Learning D. Harbour Seals’ Vocal Adaptation
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斑海豹能够根据不同的情况学习发声。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The measurements were taken from 68 young seals (up to twelve months old) who had died. The team also re-analysed previously gathered harbour seal vocalisations to confirm their impressive vocal flexibility. (该小组测量了年轻斑海豹的声道和身体大小。这些测量是从68只已经死亡的小海豹（12个月大）身上取得的。该小组还重新分析了以前收集的斑海豹的声音，以证实它们令人印象深刻的声音灵活性)”可知，斑海豹的声道适应了它们发声的灵活性。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Harbour seals may sound different than expected from their body size. Is this ability related to their vocal (声音的) talents or is it the result of an anatomical (身体结构上的) adaptation? An international team of researchers led by scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen investigated the vocal tracts of harbour seals, which matched their body size. (斑海豹的声音可能与它们身体大小的预期不同。这种能力与他们的发声天赋有关吗，或者是解剖学适应的结果？由马克斯·普朗克心理语言研究所的科学家领导的一个国际研究小组调查了斑海豹的声道，这些声道与它们的身体大小相匹配)”可知，德罗伊斯和拉维尼亚尼进行了他们的研究，以找出斑海豹的声道和它们身体大小之间的关系。故选C。
【14题详解】
猜测词句题。根据最后一段“Studying different vocal learners may help us to find the biological bases of vocal learning and shed light on the evolution of complex communication systems, such as speech. (研究不同的声乐学习者可以帮助我们找到声乐学习的生物学基础，并揭示复杂的交流系统，如语音的进化)”可知，我们观察得越多，就越发现海豹对人类的语言能力有所了解。由此可知，对海豹发声学习的深入了解有助于人类的语言能力。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“De Reus and Ravignani found that the length of harbour seals’ vocal tracts matched their body size. There were no anatomical explanations for their vocal skills. Rather, the researchers argue that only vocal learning can explain why harbour seals do not always sound like they look. “Vocal learners will sound different from their body size, but the size of their vocal tracts will match their body size. The combined findings from acoustic (听觉的) and anatomical data may help us to identify more vocal learners,” says de Reus. “Studying different vocal learners may help us to find the biological bases of vocal learning and shed light on the evolution of complex communication systems, such as speech.” “The more we look, the more we see that seals have something to say about human speech capacities.” adds Ravignani. (德罗伊斯和拉维尼亚尼发现斑海豹声道的长度与它们的体型相匹配。他们的发声能力没有解剖学上的解释。相反，研究人员认为，只有声音学习才能解释为什么海豹的声音并不总是像它们看起来的那样。“发音学习者的声音与他们的身体大小不同，但他们的声道大小与他们的身体大小匹配。来自声学和解剖学数据的综合发现可能有助于我们识别更多的发声学习者，”德·罗伊斯说。“研究不同的发声学习者可以帮助我们找到发声学习的生物学基础，并揭示复杂交流系统（如语音）的进化。“我们看得越多，就越发现海豹对人类的语言能力有一定的影响。”拉维尼亚尼补充道。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了斑海豹能够根据不同的情况学习发声。因此“Harbour Seals’ Vocal Learning(斑海豹的发声学习)”是本文的最佳标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项(选项中有两项为多余选项)。
Three Things to Know When Choosing Electives
Most graduate programs at U.S. universities require students to select a few elective courses from any department that relates to their major or area of research. ____16____ Here are some tips on how prospective international students can plan to make the most out of electives in grad school.
____17____
Many international students may want to enroll in classes with the keyword “advanced” followed by a generic name that relates to their program of study, but experts say that might not be the best option.
Lorenley Baez, associate provost (大学教务长) for academic advising and career development at The New School in New York says advanced courses tend to require “a great deal of reading, writing and discussion, which can be challenging for students whose first language is not English.” And just because a course labeled “advanced” doesn’t mean it’s the best choice for you, says Eric Endlich, founder of Top College Consultants. ____18____
Ask Your Professor for Suggestions
Prospective students may want to consult with their professors on choosing electives, particularly professors they will be doing research with. “Professors are the best resource in getting advice on the content of courses and their applicability to different careers,” Golkowski says. ____19____ “Professors also often are connected to industry and employers through their networks and research and can advise on current industry trends.” Golkowski notes.
Choose Elective Classes That Develop Research or New Skills
____20____ To get an edge in the job market after graduation, a student’s transcript should emphasize both broad fundamental knowledge and specific skills that employers see as valuable. Having strong research skills can help a candidate stand out.
“Academic advisors, at the graduate level especially, should be well acquainted with the industry that is connected to the graduate program,” Thomas Hassett, associate vice president for global enrollment and engagement at Gannon University in Pennsylvaniasays. “They should know what makes one employable based on needed skill sets and what courses should be considered toward this end.”
A. Don’t Enroll an Advanced Class.
B. Don’t Enroll in a Class Just Because It’s ‘Advanced’.
C. Selecting the right elective courses is unavoidable.
D. However, some international students may be unaware of this option.
E. Campus teachers can provide insight on specific skills and concepts.
F. He advises students to choose electives based on educational and career goals instead.
G. Experts say students should take electives that help sharpen their research abilities or skills.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要向未来的国际学介绍了几个选择选修课的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Most graduate programs at U.S. universities require students to select a few elective courses from any department that relates to their major or area of research. (美国大学的大多数研究生课程都要求学生从与其专业或研究领域相关的任何系中选择一些选修课程。)”可知，上文告诉我们美国大学的大多数研究生课程都要求学生选择一些选修课程，D项意为“然而，一些国际学生可能不太知道这个选项。”选项与上文构成转折关系，美国大学的大多数研究生课程都要求学生选择一些选修课程，然而，一些国际学生可能不知道如何选择选修课，选项中的“international students”和下文的“international students”呼应。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Many international students may want to enroll in classes with the keyword “advanced” followed by a generic name that relates to their program of study, but experts say that might not be the best option. (许多国际学生可能想报名一个关键词为“高级”的课程，后面跟着一个与他们的学习计划相关的通用名称，但专家表示，这可能不是最好的选择。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们只是选择关键词为“高级”的课程可能不是最好的选择，B项意为“不要仅仅因为某个课程是‘高级’课程就报名。”选项能够概括段落主旨，下文具体解释了为什么这种做法不可取。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And just because a course labeled “advanced” doesn’t mean it’s the best choice for you, says Eric Endlich, founder of Top College Consultants. (顶尖大学顾问公司创始人Eric Endlich说，仅仅因为一门课程被贴上“高级”标签，那并不意味着它是你的最佳选择。)”可知，不要仅仅因为某个课程是高级课程就报名，F项意为“他建议学生根据教育和职业目标选择选修课。”选项能够承接上文，不要仅因为一门课程被贴上“高级”标签就选择它，我们要根据教育和职业目标选择选修课。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文““Professors are the best resource in getting advice on the content of courses and their applicability to different careers,” Golkowski says. (Golkowski说：“教授是就课程内容及其对不同职业适用性获得建议的最佳资源。”)”可知，本段内容建议我们向大学里的教授寻求建议，E项意为“校园教师可以提供关于具体技能和概念的见解。”选项能够承接上文，进一步介绍了为什么要向教授寻求建议，因为这些校园教师可以提供关于具体技能和概念的见解。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Choose Elective Classes That Develop Research or New Skills (选择发展研究或新技能的选修课)”可知，本段内容建议我们选择发展研究或新技能的选修课，G项意为“专家表示，学生应该选修有助于提高他们研究能力或技能的选修课。”选项符合段落主旨，且能引起下文，下文具体介绍了为什么学生应该选修有助于提高他们研究能力或技能的选修课。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, one of my best friends, whom I’ve shared just about everything with, spent the weekend with me.
Over the weekend, we spent ____21____ talking about the people she was hanging around with. She started telling me ____22____ about her new boyfriend, about how he experimented with drugs and was into other ____23____ behaviors. I was blown away! No matter how ____24____ I tried to tell her that she was ruining her future and she ____25____ better, she didn’t believe me. I felt like I was getting ____26____.
By the time she left, I was ____27____ by the experience and really worried about her. I had come close to telling her several times that maybe we just couldn’t continue our ____28____, but I didn’t. I put the power of friendship to the final ____29____. I had to hope that she _____30_____ me enough to know that I was trying to save her from _____31_____ herself and that our friendship could _____32_____ anything.
A few days later, she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our conversation, and then she told me that she had _____33_____ her boyfriend. I just listened on the other end of the _____34_____ with tears of joy running down my face. It was one of the truly _____35_____ moments in my life with a friend.
21. A. minutes B. days C. hours D. seconds
22. A. stories B. lies C. reasons D. tragedies
23. A. self-protective B. self-destructive C. self-confident D. self-centered
24. A. well B. hard C. close D. late
25. A. proved B. hoped C. denied D. deserved
26. A. nowhere B. anywhere C. somewhere D. elsewhere
27. A. confused B. fascinated C. exhausted D. pleased
28. A. conversation B. weekend C. friendship D. appointment
29. A. use B. end C. trial D. test
30. A. suspected B. valued C. forced D. comforted
31. A. hurting B. believing C. enjoying D. quitting
32. A. conquer B. bargain C. lose D. ignore
33. A. put up with B. come up with C. made up with D. broken up with
34. A. world B. phone C. house D. pipe
35. A. frightening B. moving C. rewarding D. disappointing
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在和朋友闲聊时得知朋友的新男友吸毒，行为不端，作者劝朋友离开男友，朋友不听，但作者相信友谊的力量，她继续劝说朋友，朋友终于意识到了问题，和男友分手了，作者很高兴。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周末，我们花了几个小时谈论和她在一起的人。A. minutes分钟；B. days天；C. hours小时；D. seconds秒。根据句中“Over the weekend”和生活常识可知，周末期间作者和好友花了几个小时聊天，几分钟或几秒钟太短，几天时间太长。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始给我讲关于她的新男友的故事，关于他是如何尝试毒品和其他自我毁灭的行为。A. stories故事；B. lies谎言；C. reasons原因；D. tragedies悲剧。根据句中“about how he experimented with drugs”可知，她告诉我她的新男友是如何尝试毒品的事，由此可知，她开始给我讲关于她的新男友的故事。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她开始给我讲关于她的新男友的故事，关于他是如何尝试毒品和其他自我毁灭的行为。A. self-protective自我保护的；B. self-destructive自我毁灭的；C. self-confident自信的；D. self-centered以自我为中心的。根据句中“about how he experimented with drugs”可知，她的新男友吸毒，由此可知，他的人品有问题，还尝试过其他自我毁灭的行为。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我被震撼了！无论我多么努力地告诉她，她正在毁掉自己的未来，她值得更好的，她都不相信我。A. well好；B. hard努力地；C. close接近；D. late晚，迟。根据下文“really worried about her”可知，我担心朋友的处境，由此可知，我努力地劝诫她，说她正在毁掉自己的未来。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被震撼了！无论我多么努力地告诉她，她正在毁掉自己的未来，她值得更好的，她都不相信我。A. proved证明；B. hoped希望；C. denied否认；D. deserved值得。根据上文“how he experimented with drugs”可知，朋友的男友吸毒，我认为朋友不应该和他在一起，她值得更好的。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己毫无进展。A. nowhere毫无结果；B. anywhere任何地方；C. somewhere在某处；D. elsewhere在别处。根据上文“she didn’t believe me”可知，朋友不相信我的话，由此可知，我觉得自己毫无进展，“get nowhere”意为“毫无进展，一事无成”。故选A项。
27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她离开时，我被这段经历弄得筋疲力尽，真的很担心她。A. confused困惑的；B. fascinated入迷的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. pleased高兴的。根据上文“No matter how _____ I tried to tell her that she was ruining her future”可知，我竭尽全力劝说朋友离开男友，但不起作用，由此可知，我感到筋疲力尽。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾几次差点告诉她，也许我们无法继续我们的友谊，但我没有。A. conversation谈话；B. weekend周末；C. friendship友谊；D. appointment约会。根据下文“I put the power of friendship to the final _____.”中的“friendship”可知，我很重视我们的友谊，由此可知，我曾几次想告诉她也许我们无法继续我们的友谊，但我没有。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对友谊的力量进行了最后的检验。A. use用途；B. end结尾；C. trial审判；D. test检验。根据上文“I had come close to telling her several times that maybe we just couldn’t continue our _____, but I didn’t.”可知，我曾想放弃我们的友谊，但我没有，由此可知，我想对友谊的力量进行最后的检验。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不希望她足够重视我，知道我是在努力拯救她，使她免受伤害，我们的友谊可以战胜一切。A. suspected怀疑；B. valued重视；C. forced强迫；D. comforted安慰。根据句中“I was trying to save her from _____ herself”可知，我希望朋友相信我是在拯救她，由此可知，我希望她足够重视我，重视我的劝诫。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不希望她足够重视我，知道我是在努力拯救她，使她免受伤害，我们的友谊可以战胜一切。A. hurting伤害；B. believing相信；C. enjoying享受；D. quitting退出。根据句中“about how he experimented with drugs”可知，朋友的男友吸毒，人品不好，由此可知，我想让朋友与男友分手，使她免受伤害。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不希望她足够重视我，知道我是在努力拯救她，使她免受伤害，我们的友谊可以战胜一切。A. conquer战胜；B. bargain讨价还价；C. lose丢失；D. ignore忽视。根据上文“I put the power of friendship to the final _____.”可知，我在对友谊的力量进行最后的检验，由此可知，我希望我们的友谊可以战胜一切。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：几天后，她打电话说她仔细考虑了我们的谈话，然后她告诉我她和男朋友分手了。A. put up with忍受；B. come up with提出（计划、想法等）；C. made up with与……和好；D. broken up with与……分手。根据下文“with tears of joy running down my face”可知，听了朋友的话我很高兴，由此可知，朋友听了我的劝告，和男朋友分手了。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是在电话的另一端听着，喜悦的泪水顺着我的脸流了下来。A. world世界；B. phone电话；C. house房子；D. pipe管道。根据上文“she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our conversation”中的“called”可知，我和朋友在打电话，由此可知，我在电话的另一端听着。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中和一个朋友在一起最值得的时刻之一。A. frightening可怕的；B. moving令人感动的；C. rewarding值得的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据上文“she told me that she had ____ her boyfriend”可知，朋友和男朋友分手了，我成功劝说了朋友，由此可知，我们的友谊禁得起考验，这是一个值得的时刻。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eco-anxiety refers to anxiety or worry about the ecological threats facing the earth. Eco-anxiety is not considered to be a mental health concern. Rather, it ____36____ (see) as a typical reaction to the growing awareness of the problems ____37____ (result) from climate change and other global threats.
Anxiety is a normal human experience and most people experience anxiety ____38____ some degree. Eco-anxiety is one form of anxiety, but it is generally considered normal ____39____ (have) fears about the future of the world, ____40____ (particular) in light of more recent research revealing the damaging effects of climate change.
As with all types of anxiety, self-care can be ____41____ effective tool for managing eco- anxiety. Self-care involves getting adequate rest, keeping a nutritious diet, and engaging in regular physical activity. Those experiencing eco-anxiety may also find it ____42____ (help) to take breaks from technology in order to pursue various nature-oriented and relaxing ____43____ (hobby) such as yoga and gardening.
Besides, spending time in nature and doing projects to improve the planet’s outcome, to the extent of one’s ____44____ (able) to help, may also provide significant benefit. Starting recycling projects in the home or community, learning how to make worm gardens, and picking up trash in the neighborhood are also _____45_____ can make a difference.
【答案】36. is seen
37. resulting
38. to 39. to have
40. particularly
41. an 42. helpful
43. hobbies
44. ability
45. what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生态焦虑及应对它的方法。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：相反，它被视为对气候变化和其他全球威胁所带来的问题日益认识的一种典型反应。通篇时态是一般现在时，动词see与主语it存在动宾关系，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语it是第三人称单数，因此空格处是is seen。故填is seen。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，它被视为对气候变化和其他全球威胁所带来的问题日益认识的一种典型反应。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词the problems 与result from之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填resulting。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：焦虑是一种正常的人类体验，大多数人都在某种程度上经历过焦虑。to some degree在某种程度上。故填to。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：生态焦虑是焦虑的一种形式，但对世界未来的担忧通常被认为是正常的，特别是考虑到最近的研究揭示了气候变化的破坏性影响。此处是“It is＋形容词＋to do sth.”的句型，此句型中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，因此空格处是不定式to have。故填to have。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：生态焦虑是焦虑的一种形式，但对世界未来的担忧通常被认为是正常的，特别是考虑到最近的研究揭示了气候变化的破坏性影响。修饰介词短语，用副词修饰。故填particularly。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：与所有类型的焦虑一样，自我照顾可以成为管理生态焦虑的有效工具。名词tool为可数名词，泛指，且形容词effective发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：那些经历生态焦虑的人可能也会发现，从科技中休息一下，去追求各种面向自然和放松的爱好，比如瑜伽和园艺，是有帮助的。此处用所给动词的形容词作宾语补足语，“find it+形容词+to do”是固定短语，意为“发现做某事……”，根据语境可知，句子表示“远离科技产品是有帮助的”，空格处意为“有帮助的”，其形容词是helpful。故填helpful。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：那些经历生态焦虑的人可能也会发现，从科技中休息一下，去追求各种面向自然和放松的爱好，比如瑜伽和园艺，是有帮助的。根据空后的“such as yoga and gardening”可知，爱好不止一个，此处用所给名词的复数hobbies。故填hobbies。
44题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，花时间在大自然中，做一些项目来改善地球的结果，在一个人的能力范围内，也可能提供显著的好处。根据空前的修饰词one’s可知，此处用所给形容词的名词，此处意为“能力”，是ability，只用单数，故填ability。
【45题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：在家庭或社区开始回收项目，学习如何堆肥或建造蚯蚓花园，以及在社区捡起垃圾，这些都可以带来不同。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个表语从句，从句缺少主语，该空指物，空格处用what引导表语从句。故填what。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，为了培养学生的创新精神和劳动技能，上周六你校在阅览室举办了学生现场手工制作比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参赛对象；
2. 比赛过程和结果；
3. 比赛意义。
参考词汇：现场手工比赛 an on-site craft competition 创新的 innovative
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】An on-site craft competition
An on-site craft competition was held in our school reading room last Saturday, which was aimed at developing students’ innovative spirit and labor skills.
The participants selected from all the classes were required to create a craft in the given time. After an hour, a variety of awesome works were presented, including vivid wooden carvings and lifelike clay animals. Finally, the completed works were judged, ten of which received awards.
The competition was a great success. Not only did it provide the students with a platform to demonstrate their talents, but also it stimulated their interest in exploring their creativity.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就上周六学校在图书馆举办的学生现场手工制作比赛的过程、对象、结果和意义进行报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在做……：be aimed at doing →be designed to do
培养：develop →cultivate
各种各样的：a variety of →various
激发：stimulate →motivate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After an hour, a variety of awesome works were presented, including vivid wooden carvings and lifelike clay animals.
拓展句：After an hour, a variety of awesome works were presented, which included vivid wooden carvings and lifelike clay animals.
【点睛】【高分句型1】An on-site craft competition was held in our school reading room last Saturday, which was aimed at developing students’ innovative spirit and labor skills.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，动名词短语作宾语）
【高分句型2】Not only did it provide the students with a platform to demonstrate their talents, but also it stimulated their interest in exploring their creativity.（运用了not only引导的倒装句，动词不定式作目的状语，动名词作宾语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Hiking trails (小径) can be fun and relaxing, but sometimes can also be challenging and dangerous.
Rogers, 33, was in town from New York for adventures on Boston trails. Even he had just taken a sharp turn on his mountain bike when he was stopped by the sight of a woman sitting on the side of the trail. She was cute with long blond hair and big expressive eyes. What he didn’t know was that she was also in extreme pain.
Sydney Linden, 28, had been jogging down Adobe Jack Trail for a splendid sunset view of the Red Rocks when she hopped (单腿跳) over a rock and her leg over extended on the landing. The pain was instant. Her right leg collapsed (倒塌) and she hit the dirt hard. Linden tried to stand but collapsed. She wasn’t sure if she had broken her leg, or something else. All she knew was that the pain was a 15 out of 10.
Linden dragged herself to the shade and called a friend, but after 30 minutes, her friend was lost. And the sun beat down cruelly. That’s when she saw the mountain biker.
Rogers was trying to play it cool. He casually rode by at a slower speed, stealing a glance at the woman. Sensing her suffering, Rogers stopped and asked if he could help. Linden explained her situation and that’s when he noticed the swelling (肿胀处) under her leggings. She needed a hospital now.
Rogers helped Linden to her feet and they began to cross the rocky region and desert bushes. It was a long way to go. Leaning on Rogers, Linden tried to hop along, but the pain was severe. She would never make it to the foot of the hill this way.
要求：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Rogers had another idea.
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It was after the operation that Linden found Rogers gone.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Then Rogers had another idea. Since Linden could not bear her pain, Rogers left his bike where he found Linden and tried to carry Linden on his back. It was not easy. The trail was slippery and dangerous. Rogers had to be very careful to avoid slipping. With great effort, Rogers tried to send Linden to hospital as quickly as possible. Although the process was difficult, they arrived in the hospital safely.
It was after the operation that Linden found Rogers gone. Thanks to Rogers, she was sent here in time and the operation was very successful. Linden asked nurses where Rogers was. Unluckily, they had no idea where he was. Thinking of her suffering in the trailhead and his kind help, Linden really wanted to find Rogers and expressed her sincere gratitude to him. After two months, she recovered and continued her jogging down Adobe Jack Trail. There, she happened to find Rogers on the same trail. They felt surprised and smiled at each other.
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了33岁的罗杰斯在波士顿的小径上骑着山地自行车，偶遇了28岁的西德尼·林登，女孩在慢跑的过程中不小心受伤了，她向朋友求助，但失败，正在这时，她发现了罗杰斯。罗杰斯发现女孩受伤了，想送她去医院，但女孩疼痛难忍，无法行走。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后罗杰斯有了另一个想法。”可知，第一段可描写罗杰斯用什么方法帮助受伤的女孩。
②由第二段首句内容“手术后林登发现罗杰斯不见了。”可知，第二段可描写林登对罗杰斯的感谢及她与罗杰斯的再次相遇。
2.续写线索：罗杰斯背着女孩——成功到达医院——手术成功——女孩醒来——女孩找不到罗杰斯——女孩想感谢罗杰斯——两人再次相遇
3.词汇激活
行为类
①忍受：bear/endure
②到达：arrive in/get to
③表达：express/convey
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/thankfulness
②惊讶的：surprised/amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Although the process was difficult, they arrived in the hospital safely. （由Although引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Linden asked nurses where Rogers was.（由where引导的宾语从句）