2022南通海安高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022南通海安高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，文件包含江苏省南通市海安市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、江苏省南通市海安市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。
2021~2022学年末学业质量监测试卷
高二英语
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1. 本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。
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第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers do?
A. Cook dinner. B. Eat out. C. Buy some gas.
2. What does the man want to do?
A. Enter a competition. B. Change his job. C. Go back to college.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. She listened to the weather forecast.
B. She took a shower this morning.
C. She got wet in the rain.
4. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Coach and player. C. Teammates.
5. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Give Grace a call. B. Take a business trip. C. Contact a customer.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the woman work?
A. At a national bank. B. At a shipping company. C. At an electricity company.
7. How does the woman explain the change in the man's bill?
A. The price may have increased.
B. The location has been changed.
C The man has used more air conditioning.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A movie. B. An old man. C. A restaurant.
9. What does the man suggest doing now?
A. Going back home. B. Having something to eat. C. Writing a review.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What was Tom's problem?
A. He lost his job. B. He failed his test. C. He worried about life after college.
11 How does Alison feel about her future?
A. Scared. B. Excited. C. Bored.
12. What does Alison suggest Tom do?
A. Find a job as soon as possible.
B. Prepare for the tests.
C. Further his study.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When does the conversation take place?
A. Before a term. B. In the middle of a term. C. At the end of a term.
14. What does the man need to do today?
A. Drive his kids to school. B. Go shopping with the kids. C. Buy some clothes for himself.
15. What happened to the man's daughter?
A. She grew taller. B. She had a bad appetite. C. She lost her school supplies.
16. Which word can best describe the man?
A. Considerate. B. Busy. C. Disorganised.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where will the listeners have breakfast?
A. At the airport. B. At home. C. On the plane.
18. What could Claus Bauer probably be?
A. An airport clerk. B. A hotel manager. C. A tour guide.
19. How much will a double room cost per night?
A. 110 euros. B. 120 euros. C. 150 euros.
20. What type of restaurant will the listeners go to?
A. An Italian one. B. A Lebanese one. C. A Germany one.
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Other Art Fair, presented by Saatchi Art, takes place at Meat Market, Melbourne from 26-29 July, sharing 100 boundary-pushing independent artists and unforgettable experiences.
ENJOY ART RESPONSIBLY
As part of our Covid-safe measures, you’ll need to select an arrival window so that we can effectively control the stream of visitors to the Fair at any time. Read our Safer Fair Plan here.
The health and safety of our artists and visitors is key to everyone having a good time, so we’ve put measures in place to ensure an (even more) pleasurable visit.
WE’RE IN THIS TOGETHER
·Hand sanitiser will be readily available throughout the Fair — take full advantage.
·We’ve designed our floor plan to respect social distancing rules. Wider aisles for you to safely meet artists and discover art.
·Be mindful of others—we’ll have signage to remind you for safe distancing.
·If you’re not feeling well and are experiencing COVID-l9 symptoms, take care and wear the breathing mask during the visit.
KEEPING IT CLEAN
·Cleanliness is a top priority—enhanced deep cleaning will take place before and after Fair hours.
·Hand sanitiser will be freely available.
·Contactless payments only. No cash.
Before you book your tickets, we ask that you read this information, which we hope will give you peace of mind ahead of your visit.
Should you have any questions please contact the Fair team directly via email at hello.au@theotherartfair.com
ADVANCED PRICING (prior to 26 July)
Opening Night Ticket
Thursday 26 July
$35
Adult
(Fri, Sat or Sun)
$20
Student/Senior
(Fri, Sat or Sun)
$15
Child (Under 12)
(Fri, Sat or Sun)
Free
ON THE DOOR PRICING (from 26-29 July)
Tickets on the door will be subject to the availability of our timed-entry slots. We strongly recommend booking in advance to avoid disappointment.
Opening Night Ticket
Thursday 26 July
$40
Adult
(Fri, Sat or Sun)
$30
Student/Senior
(Fri, Sat or Sun)
$20
Child (Under 12)
(Fri, Sat or Sun)
Free

1. What are visitors expected to do to help keep the tourist number under control?
A. Select the arrival window. B. Read the Safer Plan ahead.
C. Book the ticket in advance. D. Examine the body condition.
2. What can we learn about the Safer Fair Plan?
A. Visitors are less likely to contact others physically.
B. Visitors should read the plan to better know the artists.
C. Visitors use hand sanitizer only before entering the Fair.
D. Visitors with COVID-19 symptoms will be rejected to the Fair.
3. If a couple with their 5-year-old daughter and 13-year-old son book the tickets on 24 July, how much money will they save?
A. $80. B. $55. C. $25. D. $15.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了于墨尔本肉类市场举行的Other Art Fair活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章ENJOY ART RESPONSIBLY下面一段关键句“As part of our Covid-safe measures, you’ll need to select an arrival window so that we can effectively control the stream of visitors to the Fair at any time.”（作为我们应对新冠肺炎安全措施的一部分，您需要选择一个到达窗口，以便我们可以随时有效地控制会展的游客流量。）可知，游客需要选择到达窗口来控制游客数量。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章WE’RE IN THIS TOGETHER中下面第三点“Be mindful of others-we’ll have signage to remind you for safe distancing.”（注意他人——我们会有标志提醒你保持安全距离。）可知，访客不太可能与他人有身体接触。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的24 July可以看到第一个表格中的价格“Adult: $20”（成年人20美元）；“Student/Senior: $15”（学生/老年人15美元）；“Child (Under 12):Free”（12岁以下儿童免费）可知，一对夫妻要40美元，13岁的儿子要15美元，5岁的女儿免费，这家人一共花费55美元。再由第二个表格中的价格“Adult: $30”（成年人30美元），“Student/Senior: $20”（学生/老年人20美元），“Child (Under 12): Free”（12岁以下儿童免费）可知，原本需要花费30×2+20美元，即80美元，节省了80-55=25美元。故选C项。
B
The insistent knock on the door brought me quickly from my kitchen. With my children down for a nap, I hurried to answer before they were all awakened. We had just moved here and I couldn’t imagine who it would be. I opened the door and a crack revealed an old man dressed in dirty clothing.
“Can I help you?” I asked, hoping he had the wrong address.
“Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?” His voice was trembling but his eyes were hopeful. I wondered if he badly needed the bit of money he was asking for his produce. “I'm Mr. Locket living around the corner. My wife passed away and my children live far away,” he added. Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door by means of selling fruits and vegetables and ours was the only door opened to him.
As days went on, Mr. Locket became a daily visitor. Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap. When they took an afternoon nap, he would rest his head on the back of the chair. In his quiet and gentle way, he endeared himself to each child. Gradually the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations.
Three years later, we had to move to Ontario. He arrived as usual that morning. “Mr. Locket,” I tried to break the news in a gentle way, “You’ve become a treasured part of this family, but…” Tears glistened in the corners of his eyes.
“I promise to keep in touch with you and…” My throat tightened. He nodded and softly said, “Thank you for all your kindness to an old man. When I needed a family, you included me.” With tears, we all hugged him tightly.
About a year later, a small envelope from Mr. Locket’s daughter was delivered to our home. She informed us that our dear old friend had died. “I'm so grateful for your loving care for my father,” she wrote, “I can see how much you meant to him, too.” Actually we’re also grateful for the unexpected-love that swept into our lives the moment we opened that door.
4. Which of the following is the true reason why the old man knocked on the door?
A. To sell produce. B. To visit the family.
C. To beg for money. D. To seek company.
5. What does the underlined phrase “endeared himself to” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. felt guilty about. B. buried himself in.
C. contributed himself to. D. made himself liked by.
6. Which sentence can show the old man’s deep feeling for the family most?
A. “…When I needed a family, you included me.”
B. “You’ve become a treasured part of this family, but…”
C. “Would you like to buy some fresh garden vegetables?”
D. When they took an afternoon nap, he would rest his head on the back of the chair.
7. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. All is well that ends well. B. Love is a two-way experience.
C. Children’s company is important. D. All good things must come to an end.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，记叙了作者一家与Locket先生相互陪伴与关爱的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Later we knew that the need for companionship had sent him door to door by means of selling fruits and vegetables and ours was the only door opened to him.”（后来我们才知道，由于需要陪伴，他不得不挨家挨户地推销水果和蔬菜，而我们家的门是唯一向他敞开的。）可知，老人敲门是为了寻求陪伴。故选D项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章划线句上文“Every day he read books in our big chair with my children curled up on his lap. When they took an afternoon nap, he would rest his head on the back of the chair.”（每天他都坐在我们家的大椅子上看书，我的孩子们蜷缩在他的腿上。他们午睡的时候，他会把头靠在椅背上。）及下一句“Gradually the name “Grandpa Locket” slipped into our conversations.”（渐渐地，“Locket爷爷”这个名字出现在我们的谈话中。）可知，Locket深受孩子们的喜爱，“endeared himself to”与“made himself liked by”意思相近，表示“使自己受……的喜爱、欢迎”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“He nodded and softly said, “Thank you for all your kindness to an old man. When I needed a family, you included me.” With tears, we all hugged him tightly.”（他点点头，温柔地说：“谢谢你对一位老人的好意。当我需要家人的时候，你让我加入。”我们都流着泪紧紧地抱住了他。）可知，老人十分感激作者一家的陪伴，因此，他对作者一家有很深的感情，“…When I needed a family, you included me.”这一句最能体现老人对这家人的感情。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I'm so grateful for your loving care for my father,” she wrote, “I can see how much you meant to him, too.” Actually we’re also grateful for the unexpected-love that swept into our lives the moment we opened that door.”（“我非常感激你对我父亲的关爱，”她写道，“我知道你对他也很重要。”其实我们也很感激，当我们打开那扇门的那一刻，突如其来的爱就席卷了我们的生活。）可推知，作者一家给予老人关爱，同时也获得了老人的陪伴，这种爱是相互的。故选B项。
C
You may have recently seen a video from the Beijing Wildlife Zoo becoming a hit. What exactly was so interesting about this video? It shows a dog playing with big cats four to five times its size! Many people might wonder if this dog has a death wish, but it seems that the dog and the big cats are good friends.
The dog was actually raised alongside the lion and tiger cubs, making up an odd but loving family, according to zoo officials. As opposed to the common belief, cross-species friendship has been around for centuries. People have domesticated many animals, most notably cats and dogs, and formed bonds with them as pets. Perhaps you even have a pet yourself.
There are many other instances of cross-species friendships.
At an animal sanctuary in Santiago, Chile, a jaguar named Marina and a deer named Laura formed a friendship after they both came to the park. As neither animal had a mother, sanctuary staff said they instantly bonded when they met. Laura had been rescued from a slaughterhouse while Marina had been rescued from the street.
One possible explanation for these friendships is the environment of the zoo. Animals don’t hunt for their food and don’t need to worry about marking their territory or looking for mates in the way an animal in the wild would. “All those activities take time and energy, and if these needs are removed, the animals get bored,” Gordon Burghardt, a psychologist at the University of Tenessee, US, told The Atlantic magazine. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage socially and playfully may be higher in its need hierarchy(等级)than eating.”
Marc Bekoff, former biology professor at the University of Colorado, US, told Slate magazine, “I think the choices animals make in cross-species relationships are the same as they’d make in same-species relationships. Some dogs don’t like every other dog. Animals are very selective about the other individuals who they let into their lives.”
8. What is the common opinion about the friendship between animals?
A. It’s easier for dogs and cats to become friends.
B. Animals tend to play with peers of the same species.
C. The friendship between animals is not solid and reliable.
D. It’s common that animals of different species can become friends.
9. Why are Marina and Laura mentioned in paragraph 4?
A. To present a truth. B. To explain a phenomenon.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To provide a proof.
10. What’s the key factor of the animals’ friendship in the zoo according to Gordon Burghardt?
A. The existing tradition. B. The influence by mates.
C. The animals’ inner social drive. D. The animals’ raisers’ instruction.
11. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To appeal to people to treasure animals.
B. To inform readers of a special friendship.
C. To demonstrate the history of bringing up pets.
D. To compare friendship between cross-species and same-species.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了动物之间的跨种族友谊的现象和原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Many people might wonder if this dog has a death wish, but it seems that the dog and the big cats are good friends.”（很多人可能会想这只狗是不是想死，但看起来这只狗和大型猫科动物是好朋友。）和第二段“As opposed to the common belief, cross-species friendship has been around for centuries.”（与人们普遍认为的不同，跨物种的友谊已经存在了几个世纪。）可知，人们普遍认为，动物之间跨种族之间的友谊是不存在的，即，动物们更倾向于和同类的动物玩耍。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There are many other instances of cross-species friendships.”（还有很多其它的跨物种友谊的例子。）和第四段“At an animal sanctuary in Santiago, Chile, a jaguar named Marina and a deer named Laura formed a friendship after they both came to the park.”（在智利圣地亚哥的一个动物保护区，一只名叫玛丽娜的美洲虎和一只名叫劳拉的鹿来到公园后建立了友谊。）可知，文章第四段提及Marina and Laura是为了提供动物跨物种友谊的证据。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Gordon Burghardt的话“In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage socially and playfully may be higher in its need hierarchy than eating.”（在这种特殊的情况下，动物参与社交和玩耍的动机可能比进食的需求层次更高。）及本段关键句“One possible explanation for these friendships is the environment of the zoo. Animals don’t hunt for their food and don’t need to worry about marking their territory or looking for mates in the way an animal in the wild would.”（对这些友谊的一个可能的解释是动物园的环境。动物不猎食，也不需要像野生动物那样为划定领地或寻找配偶而烦恼。）可知，从Gordon Burghardt的观点来看，动物的内在社交驱动力是动物园中动物友谊的关键因素。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There are many other instances of cross-species friendships.”（还有很多其它的跨物种友谊的例子。）及全文内容可知，本文介绍了动物间的一种特殊的跨种族友谊。故选B项。
D
Living robots can reproduce on their own in a dish. This is not a science-fiction movie, but the result of a new research. The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the US on Nov 29.
Xenobots, a type of tiny robot, were first created in 2020, using cells taken from the embryo of an African frog species. Under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small structures that could self-assemble, move in groups and react to their environment. Now, the researchers have found that xenobots can also self-replicate (自我复制), according to the journal of New Scientist.
But are they living organisms or robots? They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce. And they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor, co-author Sam Kriegman told The Washington Post.
“People have thought for quite a long time that we’ve worked out all the ways that life can reproduce or replicate. But this is something that’s never been observed before,” co-author Douglas Blackiston, a senior scientist at Tufts University in the US, told Science Daily website.
The ability to replicate adds a new layer of potential utility to the robots. Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to provide a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person’s body.
However, the creation of xenobots comes with concerns. Some think more advanced future xenobots, especially ones that live longer and reproduce, could out-compete other species, according to The Conversation, an Australia news media.
The researchers think these risks are manageable. “If you change the amount of sodium in that water to be too high or too low, they’ll die,” Kriegman told The Washington Post. “If there’s a piece of copper in the dish, they’ll all die. It’s an extremely controllable and stoppable and safe system.”
12. What do we know about xenobots according to the passage?
A. They should be classified into frog species.
B. They can reproduce and replicate themselves.
C. They can adapt to the environment anywhere.
D. They were created based on science fiction movies.
13. How do scientists feel the way that xenobots reproduce?
A. Unexpected. B. Predictable.
C. Doubted. D. Unaccepted.
14. What effects do xenonots have on humans?
A. They are expected to replace other species.
B. They have been used widely commercially.
C. They will serve human beings more extensively.
D. They will further explore their own potential ability.
15. What’s Kriegman’s attitude towards the xenobots’ future?
A. Worried. B. Cautious.
C. Neutral. D. Optimistic.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究成果——活体机器人可以在培养皿中自我繁殖。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small structures that could self-assemble, move in groups and react to their environment. Now, the researchers have found that xenobots can also self-replicate, according to the journal of New Scientist.”（在合适的实验室条件下，细胞形成了能够自我组装、成组移动并对环境做出反应的小结构。据《新科学家杂志》报道，现在，研究人员发现，异种机器人也可以自我复制）可知，异种机器人可以繁殖和自我复制，故选B。
13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“People have thought for quite a long time that we've worked out all the ways that life can reproduce or replicate. But this is something that's never been observed before”（很长一段时间以来，人们一直认为我们已经找到了繁殖生命或复制生命的所有方式。但这是以前从未注意到的）可知，科学家们认为异种机器人的繁殖方式是出乎意料的，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to provide a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person's body.”（克里格曼告诉《华盛顿邮报》，虽然异种机器人还没有商业用途，但它们有潜力提供许多服务，从清理海洋中的微塑料到将药物安全运送到人体的特定部位）可知，异种机器人能够为人类提供更广泛的服务，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to provide a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person's body.”（克里格曼告诉《华盛顿邮报》，虽然异种机器人还没有商业用途，但它们有潜力提供许多服务，从清理海洋中的微塑料到将药物安全运送到人体的特定部位）以及最后一段“The researchers think these risks are manageable.”（研究人员认为这些风险是可控的）可知，克里格曼对异种机器人的未来持乐观态度，故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who deals with teens knows how tough the adolescent years can be. Teens are always known to do wild and dangerous things. ____16____. But now scientists have studied the physical development of the brain in more detail, leading to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.
Scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are not fully developed. Now, scientists have found our brains continue to change till age 25. ____17____.
The studies confirm teens are more likely to take risks and behave in extreme ways. One way the brain does this is by changing the way teens think of danger and reward. When teenagers think about rewards, their brains produce more chemicals that create pleasure than adult brains would. ____18____. It also makes teens feel excited about new experiences more keenly than adults do.
Besides, researchers found it makes social bonds especially rewarding. Generally, teenagers have an intense need to meet new people and think the peers may one day control the world they live in. As it’s still developing, a teenage brain can change to deal with new situations. ____19____. In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends.
Some people think that this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teenagers to go to extremes. ____20____. It means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent. The scientists’ findings suggest that in the long run, the impulses of the teen brain are what help teens leave their parents’ care and live their own lives successfully.
A. It is hard for the teens to adapt to new situations.
B. The result is the unpredictable actions seen in teens.
C. Therefore, it connects social rewards with more pleasure.
D. This makes the rewards seem more important than the risks.
E. However, it is of great benefit for teenagers to strive for rewards.
F. The teen brain inspires teenagers to help prepare for the school life.
G. These things were thought to be down to the foolishness of the young.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了青少年大脑发育过程中对于他们心理和行为上的影响。
【16题详解】
空前描述青少年在青春期会做狂野和危险的事情，空后“But now scientists have studied the physical development of the brain in more detail, leading to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.(但现在，科学家们对大脑的生理发育进行了更详细的研究，并提出了一种关于青少年行为方式的新理论)”表示科学发现解释青少年行为的理论；G选项“These things were thought to be down to the foolishness of the young.(这些事情被认为是年轻人的愚蠢行为)”描述人们对于青少年行为的普遍观点，且These things与前文中的wild and dangerous things对应。故选G项。
【17题详解】
空前“Scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are not fully developed. Now, scientists have found our brains continue to change till age 25.(科学家们发现，虽然我们的大脑在6岁时几乎达到完整大小，但它们还没有完全发育。现在，科学家发现我们的大脑在25岁之前会继续变化)”表示大脑一直要发育到25岁，结合上一段描述青少年行为的科学原因可知，B选项“The result is the unpredictable actions seen in teens.(其结果就是青少年不可预测的行为)”表示生理变化导致行为上的结果，符合语境。故选B项。
【18题详解】
空前“When teenagers think about rewards, their brains produce more chemicals that create pleasure than adult brains would.(当青少年想到回报时，他们的大脑会比成年人产生更多的化学物质来创造快乐)”描述对于青少年来说，回报会带来快乐，D选项“This makes the rewards seem more important than the risks.(这使得回报似乎比风险更重要)”描述青少年对于回报和风险的看法，且本句中This指代前文一句内容。故选D项。
19题详解】
空前“As it’s still developing, a teenage brain can change to deal with new situations.(青少年的大脑还在发育中，它可以改变来应对新情况)”描述青少年的大脑在发育，会改变来应对新情况，空后“In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends.(通过这种方式，大脑鼓励青少年拥有广泛的朋友圈)”描述青少年在社交上的行为；C选项“Therefore, it connects social rewards with more pleasure.(因此，它将社会奖励与更多的快乐联系在一起)”描述青少年如何应对社会关系，承上启下。故选C项。
【20题详解】
空前“Some people think that this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teenagers to go to extremes.(有些人认为这种追求更大回报的行为有时会导致青少年走向极端)”讲述过分追求回报对于青少年的弊端，空后“It means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent.(这意味着青少年更有可能，更少害怕，去尝试新事物或独立)”描述对于青少年的好处；E选项“However, it is of great benefit for teenagers to strive for rewards.(然而，对青少年来说，争取回报是有很大好处的)”进行转折，描述追求回报的好处，符合语境。故选E项。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Teachable moments don’t always happen in the classroom. Last week, a headmaster was ____21____ for his ability to look beyond the rules to give a student a lesson.
When Anthony Moore was sent to headmaster Jason Smith’s office for ____22____ to take off his hat, Smith knew something was wrong. The boy explained he was ____23____ by his terrible haircut.
“He didn’t say ____24____ out, but I feel like he just didn’t want to be ____25____ by his classmates,” Smith said. Rather than simply sending the boy home for breaking the school ____26____, Smith put forward a(n)____27____. He’d fix the bad cut himself. He showed the photos of his son whose hair he ____28____ cut, the boy agreed.
Braving the heavy winter snows, Smith drove home to get his tools and then ____29____ back to fix the boy’s hair. _____30_____ done, the boy made an apology for his behavior. And feeling better about himself, Moore was pleased enough to return to class. Since then, the boy frequently _____31_____ the office to talk about his day.
“When a student is _____32_____, we need to ask ourselves, ‘What happened to this child?’ instead of ‘What’s wrong with the child?’”, Smith said. “‘What need is the child trying to _____33_____?’ And really, the future of our education _____34_____ on that question.”
While it’s a question without easy answers, recognizing it when it’s being asked-as well as willing to take action to _____35_____ a minor mistake into a teachable moment-is what education really means.
21. A. rewarded B. praised C. assessed D. attained
22. A. refusing B. regretting C. happening D. hesitating
23. A. guilty B. decent C. awkward D. superb
24. A. seriously B. straight C. politely D. loud
25. A. teased B. envied C. punished D. overlooked
26. A. profile B. outline C. code D. institute
27. A. assumption B. anticipation C. privilege D. resolution
28. A. precisely B. concisely C. intently D. skillfully
29. A. departed B. fetched C. headed D. dived
30. A. Nothing B. Everything C. Anything D. Something
31. A. pushed for B. pulled in C. broke into D. stopped by
32. A. struggling B. testing C. proving D. playing
33. A. qualify B. satisfy C. classify D. justify
34. A. acts B. carries C. agrees D. rests
35. A. transform B. fold C. refresh D. wrap
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了校长Jason Smith用自己的方式给学生上了特殊的一课的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，一位校长因能超越规则给学生上课而受到表扬。A. rewarded奖励；B. praised表扬；C. assessed评价；D. attained获得。根据“his ability to look beyond the rules to give a student a lesson”可知，这位校长因自己独特的方式教育孩子而得到了表扬。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当安东尼·摩尔因拒绝脱下帽子而被送到校长杰森·史密斯的办公室时，史密斯知道事情不对劲了。A. refusing拒绝；B. regretting后悔；C. happening发生；D. hesitating犹豫。根据下文“He’d fix the bad cut himself.”可知，Anthony因为发型问题拒绝摘下帽子。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩解释说他的发型很难看。A. guilty有罪的；B. decent得体的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. superb极佳的。根据“by his terrible haircut”可知，男孩的发型让他很尴尬。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：史密斯说:“他没有直接说出来，但我感觉他只是不想被同学们取笑。” A. seriously严肃地；B. straight直接地；C. politely礼貌地；D. loud响亮地。根据“he just didn’t want to be ____5____ by his classmates”可知，男孩没有直接说出拒绝摘帽的原因。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. teased戏弄、取笑；B. envied嫉妒；C. punished惩罚；D. overlooked忽视。根据上文“by his terrible haircut”可知，由于发型问题，男孩不想被其他学生取笑。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯没有简单地因为这个男孩违反了学校的规定就把他送回家，而是提出了一项决议。A. profile简介；B. outline轮廓；C. code法规、规定；D. institute机构。根据“____2____ to take off his hat”可知，Anthony拒绝摘帽子，违反了学校的着装规定。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. assumption假设；B. anticipation期望；C. privilege特权；D. resolution决议。根据“He’d fix the bad cut himself.”可知，校长想出了一项决议。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他展示了给自己儿子熟练地理发的照片，男孩同意了。A. precisely精确地；B. concisely简明地；C. intently专心地；D. skillfully熟练地。根据“the boy agreed”可知，校长给儿子剪发技术熟练，男孩同意了。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯冒着冬雪开车回家拿工具，然后再回去给男孩理发。A. departed离开；B. fetched（去）拿来；C. headed朝（方向）行进；D. dived潜水、跳水。根据“drove home”可知，校长回去拿工具，然后返回。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查不定代词辨析。句意：一切完成，这个男孩为他的行为道歉。A. Nothing没什么；B. Everything一切；C. Anything任何事；D. Something某事。根据“the boy made an apology for his behavior”可知，当理发完毕之后，即，一切完成之后，男孩道歉了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，这个男孩经常来办公室谈论他的一天。A. pushed for推进；B. pulled in停下，进站；C. broke into闯入；D. stopped by顺便拜访。根据“Since then, the boy frequently ____11____ the office to talk about his day.”可知，男孩经常拜访办公室和校长谈心。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当一个学生陷入困境时，我们需要问自己，‘这个孩子发生了什么？’而不是‘孩子怎么了？ ’”，史密斯说。A. struggling挣扎；B. testing测试；C. proving证明；D. playing玩耍。根据“What happened to this child?”及“What’s wrong with the child?”可知，当学生自我挣扎时，我们应该询问他们发生了什么。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子想要满足什么需求？A. qualify使……有资格；B. satisfy使……满足；C. classify把……分类；D. justify使……公正。根据“What need is the child trying to ____13____?”可知，我们还应该问孩子需要满足什么需求。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，我们教育的未来就取决于这个问题了。A. acts on按……行事；B. carries on继续；C. agrees on与……一致；D. rests on依靠、取决于。根据“What need is the child trying to ____13____?”可知，我们的教育要取决于能否满足孩子需求这个问题。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这是一个没有简单答案的问题，但当有人提出这个问题时，能意识到这一点，并愿意采取行动，将一个小错误转变为一个可教的时刻，这才是教育的真正意义。A. transform改变；B. fold折叠；C. refresh使……恢复精神；D. wrap包裹。根据“into a teachable moment”可知，当出现问题时，应采取行动，将一个小错误转变为一个可教育的时刻。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the longest man-made river in the world, the Grand canal claims an ____36____(influence)place in China.
The original canal system began around AD 605, ____37____ completion was owed to the Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty. He found it necessary to possess a better way to feed his army, ____38____(specific), a way to move food quickly from China’s southern rice-growing region to the north. So, the emperor ordered the construction of the first section of the Grand Canal, ____39____(connect)existing canals, lakes, and rivers. An ____40____(estimate)one million people worked on the construction, which took six years. But there is no doubt that the canal actually promoted China’s economic development, even today.
And ____41____ it comes to the canal, its cultural function can’t be ignored. Some critics even think that ____42____ the Grand canal, the advanced ideas, regional foods and cultural practices couldn’t have been transported from one part of China to another smoothly and quickly. According to legend, this is how Beijing acquired two of its best-known trademarks. Peking duck, a dish from Shandong Province, and the Peking opera, from Anhui and Hubei regions, ____43____(bring)north via the canal.
In 2005, a group of citizens proposed that the Grand Canal be made a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which would protect both the waterway and the architecture around it. With great efforts, the day people had been looking forward to ____44____(come)in 2014, when UNESCO status was officially granted. The hope now is that the Grand Canal—one of the world’s great engineering ____45____(accomplish)—will continue to link north and south China for centuries to come.
【答案】36. influential
37. whose 38. specifically
39. connecting
40. estimated
41. when 42. without
43. were brought
44 came 45. accomplishments
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了世界上最长的人工河——京杭大运河，其在中国有着举足轻重的地位。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为世界上最长的人工河，大运河在中国有着举足轻重的地位。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写形容词作定语修饰place。influence为名词意为“影响”，其形容词是influential，意为“有影响的，举足轻重的”。故填influential。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最初的运河系统开始于公元605年，它的完工是隋炀帝的功劳。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写的是非限制性定语从句引导词，在定语从句中作定语，修饰前文的先行词 original canal system，表示所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导句子。故填whose。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：他发现有必要找到一种更好的方式来养活他的军队，特别是一种把粮食从中国南方的水稻种植区快速运到北方的方法。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词作状语，specific为形容词，意为“具体的，专门的”，其副词是specifically。故填specifically。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，皇帝下令修建大运河的第一段，连接现有的运河、湖泊和河流。句中的ordered为谓语动词，设空处应该填写非谓语动作状语。connect逻辑主语是the first section of the Grand Canal，二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填connecting 。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据估计，有100万人参与了这座耗时6年的建筑。但毫无疑问，即使在今天，运河确实促进了中国的经济发展。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作定语。estimate为动词，意为“估计”，其形容词为estimated，意为“据估计的”，符合句意。故填estimated。
【41题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：而说到运河，它的文化功能也不容忽视。根据句子结构，when it comes to sth为固定搭配，意为“当提及到……的时候”，固定搭配。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：一些批评人士甚至认为，如果没有大运河，先进的思想、地方美食和文化习俗就不可能从中国的一个地方顺利、快速地输送到另一个地方。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写介词，构成介词短语。根据下文“先进的思想、地方美食和文化习俗就不可能从中国的一个地方顺利、快速地输送到另一个地方。”可知，如果没有大运河的存在，这些事情是不可能发生。without为介词，意为“没有”，符合句意。故填without。
【43题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：来自山东的烤鸭和安徽、湖北的京剧，都是通过这条运河传入北方的。根据句子结构，句子的主语为Peking duck, a dish and the Peking opera为复数，与bring之间构成的是被动关系，描述的是过去的事情。故应该使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were brought。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：在大家的努力下，大家期待已久的一天终于在2014年到来了。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。people had been looking forward to前面省略的定语从句的引导词that或which，而主句中缺少谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。故填came。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：现在的希望是，大运河是世界上最伟大的工程成就之一——将在未来几个世纪继续连接中国的南北。根据句子结构设空处应该填写名词作of的宾语。accomplish为动词，其名词为accomplishment，是可数名词，意为“成就”，根据one of+名词复数，判断空处用复数形式。故填accomplishments。
第三节（共10小题：每小题0.5分，满分5分）
根据中文提示或首字母用词的适当形式完成以下句子。
46. I was ________(有幸) with a happy childhood, one that most people would want to have.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】blessed
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：我有幸拥有一个快乐的童年，一个大多数人都想拥有的童年。be blessed with意思为：在……方面有福气，有幸享有，固定短语。故填blessed。
47. Longing for a better life is the p________(追求) of the country’s people.（根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】pursuit##ursuit
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对美好生活的向往是全国人民的共同追求。分析句子可知，空处放在is后面作表语，前面有the，结合语境，此处为名词，“追求”译为pursuit。故填pursuit。
48. China is the most populous country, with its population ________ for（占）18% of the world's total. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】accounting
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家，人口占世界总人口的18%。account for(在数量方面)占……，与宾语 its population 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填accounting。
49. The two suspects who had ________(密谋) a plot to commit crime were under arrest. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】hatched
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：策划犯罪的两名嫌疑犯已被逮捕。分析句子可知，who引导定语从句，空处缺少过去分词构成过去完成时，“密谋、筹划”译为hatch，过去分词为hatched。故填hatched。
50. This special rule will be adopted only in e________(异常的) circumstance. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】exceptional##xceptional

【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有在特殊（异常）情况下才会采用此特殊规则。分析句子可知，空处用形容词作定语修饰circumstance，“异常的”以e开头的形容词为exceptional。故填exceptional。
51. The angry employees opposed ________ (协商) with the greedy boss on the unequal term. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】negotiating

【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：愤怒的雇员反对与贪婪的老板就不平等的条件进行谈判。分析句子可知，根据汉语提示可知是动词短语negotiate with（与……协商/谈判），再结合oppose doing可知此处用动名词，作宾语，故填negotiating。
52. It can’t be questioned that the new method is ________ (更优)to the old one. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】superior
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：毋庸置疑，新方法比旧方法好。be superior to为固定短语，意为“比……好，比……优越”。故填superior。
53. The silly decision must have been based on ignorance and ________(偏见). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】prejudice
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个愚蠢的决定一定是基于无知和偏见。“偏见”译为prejudice，此处与ignorance并列作介词on的宾语。故填prejudice。
54. P________(润色) the essay is an experience completely different from writing it. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】Polishing##olishing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：润色文章和写文章是完全不同的经历。“润色”译为polish，此处为动名词作主语，用polishing，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Polishing。
55. The splendid transition of New Oriental gives us an e________ (受启发的)lesson: Reading does broaden a person's horizon. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】enlightened##nlightened
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：新东方精彩的转折给我们上了一堂受启发的课：阅读确实能开阔一个人的视野。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写形容词作定语。enlightened为形容词，意为“受启发的”。故填写enlightened。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
56. 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Peter一起参加你校组织的中国文字演变历史的讲座。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 讲座时间、地点；
2. 讲座内容。
要求：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
Knowing that you have a great interest in Chinese culture, I can’t wait to tell you that there will be a lecture on the history of Chinese characters evolution in the school hall from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. next Friday.
Attending the lecture, not only will you acquire more knowledge concerning Chinese characters but also you are able to experience the process of Chinese character transformation, which includes the features of different periods and Chinese character application then. Besides, you won’t want to miss the chance to imitate the Chinese calligraphy from different times.
Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求给外教Peter写邮件，邀请他参加学校组织的中国文字演变历史的讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：have a great interest in→be keen on
关于：concerning→with regard to
机会：chance→opportunity
模仿、临摹：imitate→copy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, you won’t want to miss the chance to imitate the Chinese calligraphy from different times.
拓展句：Besides, what you won’t want to miss is the chance to imitate the Chinese calligraphy from different times.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you have a great interest in Chinese culture, I can’t wait to tell you that there will be a lecture on the history of Chinese characters evolution in the school hall from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. next Friday.（运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Attending the lecture, not only will you acquire more knowledge concerning Chinese characters but also you are able to experience the process of Chinese character transformation, which includes the features of different periods and Chinese character application then. （运用了现在分词作状语，not only…but also句型和部分倒装，非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Viewed from dry land, the river looked beautiful. The fast-flowing waters of the Snake River were crisp and clear as they crashed over the rocks below. I was 16 and my parents had hired a car to drive us children around North America and Canada in the summer holidays.
Upon our arrival, lost in the beautiful scenery, we couldn't wait to start our tour. Dad got a dinghy（橡皮艇）from somewhere. It looked a bit small for the six of us, and we didn't have safety helmets, and were wearing adult-sized life jackets. I don't think any of us had even seen rapids（急流）until we went down them that day, otherwise we'd have realized how foolhardy（莽撞的）our plan was.
The first part of the ride was pretty hair-raising and it was apparent that we had no idea what we were doing. After 20 minutes we hit a rapid and got stuck: there was a huge rock under the surface and our boat was letting in water. The bottom got stuck and we were trapped in the middle of a wide, fast-moving river. Wall after wall of freezing water hit me and the iciness took my breath away. My brother, sisters and I were screaming, Dad was shouting at us that it would all be OK, while Mum yelled at us to hold on. We had no time to come up with any plan other than to hold tight.
It felt as if we were stuck for hours, unable to think or breathe, but it was probably only a few minutes. Then, suddenly I was swept out of the dinghy. I felt a sense of horror, which was replaced by an even greater terror when I realized I was going down the rapids without a boat. I was spun around, bounced off rocks and fell into water: it's what I imagine being trapped in a washing machine is like. There's no sense of up or down; you just gasp（喘气）for air when you can. I remember thinking, "This is it. I am going to die."
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
But suddenly I felt a determination to live.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When my family eventually found me, I was hugely emotional to realize that we'd all survived.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But suddenly I felt a determination to live. It was raining harder and harder, and the river was rushing towards us. I firmly said to my parents , “don't give up”. We must carry on. Just then, I held on to the rubber boat and tried to get it to shore. It took all my strength, which made me so exhausted, and fortunately, I made it. A feeling of excitement arose, but at that moment, the powerful impact of the current, threw me into the distant pool. My vision grew dim and everything in front of me disappeared.
When my family finally found me, I was thrilled to realize that we had all survived. I gradually came to and found that my parents' eyes were full of tears. We hugged each other tightly and asked each other whether we were hurt. To our great comfort, none of us were hurt. Finally we worked together and landed safely. At this time, what really let me deeply understand was that no matter when you meet difficulties, or what kind of difficulties, we must stick to it and never give up.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和家人外出，在斯内克河湍急的河水上漂流遇到危险的经历，但是在作者和家人的努力坚持下，终于幸存下来。让作者明白的是：只要坚持到底，不放弃，就能获得成功。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①第一段首句内容“但我突然有了活下去的决心。”可知，第一段可描写作者和家人之间互相鼓励，没有放弃而是尽最大努力求生的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“当我的家人最终找到我时，我非常激动地意识到我们都活了下来。”可知，第二段可描写作者和家人最终安全地到达岸边。互相询问彼此的身体情况。同时还要交代作者此时的心理感受和感悟。
2.续写线索：漂流——遇险——挣扎——放弃——重拾信心——安全到岸——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.拥抱：hug/embrace
②.视线模糊： vision grew dim/eyes blurred
③.拖拽：drag/pull/haul
情绪类
①.激动：excited/thrilled
②.宽慰：get great relief/feel great comfort
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. It took all my strength, which made me so exhausted. （由which引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. At this time, what really let me deeply understand was that no matter when you meet difficulties （由what引导主语从句，同时that引导表语从句）