北师大版高中英语一轮复习考点规范练25Diverse Cultures 文化的多样性含答案

考点规范练25　Diverse Cultures 文化的多样性

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.The boy admitted 　　　　　　(take) his partner’s notebook by mistake. 

2.It is 　　　　　　(definite) more convenient to live in the city than in the countryside. 

3.Have you ever seen the film Gold Rush, 　　　　　　describes a special period of the US when many people went to California to seek for fortune? 

4.More than 2,000 lives 　　　　　　　　　(claim) in the terrible earthquake which happened last Sunday. 

5.Apart 　　　　　　being the kingdom of flowers, it is also home to many ethnic minority groups. 

6.What really troubles him is his 　　　　　　(finance) problems. 

7.The leaves of certain trees are 　　　　　　(poison) to cattle. 

8.Union leaders and company bosses will meet tomorrow in an attempt to reach a 　　　　　　(settle). 

9.This trip to the countryside allows us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(experience) the local culture and the true life of farmers. 

10.The old artist has a large 　　　　　　(collect) of Chinese poetry, both classical and modern. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

used to　open up　do a good job　all year round　to name but a few　under construction　turn into　suit everyone’s taste　on top of　earn a living

1.You will see an old temple standing 　　　　　　　　　　　　the tree-covered hill. 

2.My father 　　　　　　　　　　　lose his temper easily, but now he is kind and considerate to us all. 

3.But how did you manage to 　　　　　　　　　　　at those hard times? 

4.The old couple 　　　　　　　a small restaurant to make a living all by themselves.

5.Mr Lin praised me for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which filled me with confidence. 

6.It is warm 　　　　　　　　　　　in the city of Kunming, and that is why it is called “the Spring City”. 

7.The new railway is 　　　　　　　and hopefully it will be open to traffic next year.

8.The past 40 years have witnessed how Shenzhen 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a large city from a small fishing village. 

9.Lots of our friends are coming: Anne, Ken and George, 　　　　　　　　　　　. 

10.You can’t expect that your style will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

Ⅲ.金句默写

1.我忽然想到我的账单到期了。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　my bill was due. 

2.太多的时间花在旅游上, 他似乎没有了再去工作的欲望。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　travelling, it appeared that he had no desire to go back to work. 

3.我儿子最看重的是我们一起去旅游的时候。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is 　　　　　　we travelled together. 

4.我认识很多外国人, 他们当中不少人汉语说得很流利。

I know many foreigners, 　　　　　　　　　　can 　　　　　　　　　　　. 

5.昨晚下了第一场雪, 表明冬天已经来临。

The first snow fell last night,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

Ⅳ.单项填空

1.The young man had floated in the river for nearly two hours before he was 　　　by the fisherman.  

A.put up B.made up

C.picked up D.brought up

2.—It’s nice. Never before 　　　such a delicious meal!  

—I’m glad you enjoy it.

A.I have had B.I had

C.have I had D.had I

3.—Can you introduce a high quality machine to me?

—With pleasure. 　　　well even on wet roads, this kind of car is very popular.  

A.Handled B.To handle

C.Handling D.Being handled

4.When Tracy was told her son’s illness could be cured, she left the hospital　　　.  

A.in peace B.in surprise

C.in relief D.in time

5.His 　　　to become a pilot was held back by his poor eyesight.  

A.destination B.inspiration

C.ambition D.promotion

6.Progress so far has been very good. We are, 　　　, confident that the work will be completed as expected.  

A.however  B.therefore

C.otherwise D.besides

7.　　　 is surprising to us is that Gabriel, for 　　　English was once boring, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker.  

A.As; whom B.What; whose

C.It; whose  D.What; whom

8.If you want to change for a double room, you’ll have to pay 　　　$25.  

A.other B.more

C.another D.each

Ⅴ.阅读理解

A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing ... right?Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.

Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground—and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact(相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach(gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).

Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like chocolate.

Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive(认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children. ”

1.According to some developmental psychologists, 　　　.  

A.a baby’s play is nothing more than a game

B.scientific research into babies’ games is possible

C.the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated

D.a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment

2.We learn from paragraph 2 that 　　　.  

A.scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently

B.scientists and babies often interact with each other

C.babies are born with the knowledge of object support

D.babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do

3.Children may learn the rules of language by 　　　.  

A.exploring the physical world

B.investigating human psychology

C.repeating their own experiments

D.observing their parents’ behaviours

4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A.The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.

B.Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.

C.Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.

D.One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.

5.What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?

A.Convincing.

B.Confused.

C.Confident.

D.Cautious.

Ⅵ.完形填空

One evening, Catherine was at home as usual. As her 　1　 swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening, she was unexpectedly 　2　 by an urgent call from her sister.“Get over here! Turn on NBC and check these guys out. They are just like you...” One message and a phone interview later, Catherine 　3　 herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering desert heat of Utah, picking up trash and 　4　 awareness about zero-waste and climate change. 

With a deep love of the environment, Catherine, Davey, and a group of self 　5　 “environmental pickup artists” went on a coast-to-coast roadside trash pickup. As they walked, sometimes only 　6　 0.9 miles in an entire day, they 　7　 and steadily made their way across the United States for three years, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash. 

Catherine and Davey 　8　 with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their 　9　 to continue their journey. After spending weeks silently worrying about how she would have enough 　10　 to fly home for their two-week spring break, Catherine found a blank, unidentified envelope 　11　 with $850 cash in the desert. Just enough to get her home and back. After their bus 　12　 outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later, just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where 　13　 from all over the state came together with a purpose of cleaning up trash all over the park. 

Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal, and they realised that much of what they 　14　 was more than just a coincidence. Together, their team learned to simply 　15　 themselves to their task, and surrender to the journey. 

1.A.hands B.balances

C.thoughts D.positions

2.A.blamed B.interrupted

C.moved D.frightened

3.A.dropped B.cheered

C.found D.taught

4.A.abandoning B.shaking

C.raising D.hiding

5.A.corrected B.described

C.repeated D.discovered

6.A.driving B.fixing

C.riding D.covering

7.A.slowly B.secretly

C.helplessly D.frequently

8.A.heard B.shared

C.wrote D.read

9.A.efforts B.costs

C.problems D.choices

10.A.time B.food

C.money D.room

11.A.equipped B.supplied

C.decorated D.filled

12.A.set off B.broke down

C.headed for D.held on

13.A.members B.volunteers

C.tourists D.reporters

14.A.introduced B.expected

C.experienced D.examined

15.A.turn B.limit

C.compare D.devote

答案：

Ⅰ.1.having taken　2.definitely　3.which　4.were claimed　5.from　6.financial　7.poisonous    8.settlement　9.to experience　10.collection

Ⅱ.1.on top of　2.used to　3.earn a living    4.opened up　5.doing a good job　6.all year round    7.under construction　8.has been turning into　9.to name but a few　10.suit everyone’s taste

Ⅲ.1.It occurred to me that　2.With too much time spent on　3.What my son treasures most; when

4.some of whom; speak Chinese fluently

5.meaning/indicating that winter has arrived

Ⅳ.1.C　句意: 渔民将这名年轻人捞起来之前, 他已经在河里漂浮了接近两个小时。put up “建造, 举起, 提供住宿”; make up “组成, 编造”; pick up “拾起, 救起, 偶然学会”; bring up “提出, 抚养, 呕吐”。根据句意选C项。

2.C　never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely等含有否定意义的副词若置于句首, 则其后要用部分倒装, 排除A、B两项; 因强调对现在造成的结果或影响, 要用现在完成时, 排除D项。故C项正确。

3.A　答句第二句的意思是: 这种车即使在湿滑路面也好操控, 因此很受欢迎。handle做及物动词, 意为 “驾驶; 操纵”, 做条件状语, 与主语this kind of car构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 故用动词-ed形式。handled只表示被动, 不表示时间。being handled 表示 “正在被驾驶”, 不合题意。

4.C　句意: 当特蕾西获悉儿子的病能够治好的时候, 她松了一口气, 离开了医院。in peace “和平地”; in surprise “惊奇地”; in relief “松了一口气”; in time “及时, 迟早”。故选C项。

5.C　句意: 他想当一名飞行员的志向因视力不好而被搁置了。destination “目的地”; inspiration “灵感, 激励”; ambition “志向”; promotion “提升, 促进, 促销”。根据句意选C项。

6.B　句意: 到目前为止进展非常好。因此, 我们确信这个工作将会如期完成。however “然而”; therefore “因此”; otherwise “否则”; besides “除……之外”。根据句意选B项。

7.D　句意: 让我们感到惊讶的是, 曾经认为英语枯燥无味的加布里埃尔, 现在英语说得很流利, 就好像英语是他的母语一样。前面的 “　　　 is surprising to us” 是主语从句。第一个空格在主语从句中做主语, 故用what。 “for 　　　English was once boring” 是定语从句, 修饰Gabriel。这个定语从句中的主语是English。介词for后面要跟关系代词whom做宾语。 

8.C　other “其他的”; more “更多的”; another “另一个”; each “每个”。这里使用 “another+数词”, 表示 “还有”, more是在其前面加数词。故选C项。

Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同之处。

1.D　细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句中的 “...some developmental psychologists have argued that this ‘play’ is more like a scientific investigation...”可知, 科学实验和孩子的玩耍这两种行为均包含一种共性。D项中的is somehow similar to和句中的is more like为同义替换。

2.D　细节理解题。在第二段中, 作者通过实例论证了婴儿的玩耍和科学家们的实验两者间存在的共性, 即目的、方法和逻辑相同。注意该段落最后一句话括号中的信息: gathering direct evidence from the world, D项中的collect 和gathering属于同义替换。故选D项。A项错在differently; B项属于理解错误, 正确的表述应该是科学家们以及婴儿和物质世界的互动; C项错在born with一词。

3.C　推理判断题。推理判断的起点是第三段第一句中的 using similar means这一说明。既然调查人类心理和语言规则的方法同上, 则应该从上文的第二段中找到对应的方法, 即第二段倒数第二句中的 through repeated experiments。故选C项。

4.B　主旨大意题。段落的首句为该段的主旨句。该句句意: 把儿童的发展看作是一个科学研究的过程, 这让人们进一步了解了孩子学习的方法; 同时也对怎样看待科学和科学家具有启示性意义。因此研究婴儿的玩耍的科学性可以更好地理解科学本身的发展。故选B项。

5.D　推理判断题。该题要求判断作者的语气(tone), 需从作者的用词来做出判断, 特别是副词、形容词、情态动词等的使用。第一段中的Perhaps, 第二段中的It is likely that..., may, appear, 第三段中的may, 以及第四段中的Perhaps, may等都说明了作者在下结论或做出判断时所持有的谨慎(cautious)态度。

Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Catherine和她的团队通过致力于沿海岸拾荒活动来提高人们对零浪费和气候变化的认识。

1.C　根据下文中的 “swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening” 可知, Catherine的思绪(thought) 在如何处理她的生活和晚餐计划之间摇摆。

2.B　根据下文中的 “by an urgent call from her sister” 可知, 她的思绪被她姐姐的紧急电话打断了(interrupt)。

3.C　根据下文中的 “herself on a bus with 8 strangers” 可知, Catherine发现(find)自己和8名陌生人在一辆公共汽车上。

4.C　根据下文语境可知, 此处指提高(raise)零浪费和气候变化的意识。

5.B　根据下文中的 “environmental pickup artists” 可知, 他们自称是(describe) “环保拾荒艺术家”。故选B项。

6.D　根据语境可知, 当他们步行时, 有时一整天只走了(cover) 0.9英里路。cover此处意为 “走过, 覆盖”, 符合语境。

7.A　根据上文中的 “0.9 miles in an entire day” 可知, 当他们步行时, 有时一整天只走了0.9英里路, 速度缓慢(slowly)。

8.B　根据下文中的 “wonderful stories of hope and inspiration” 可知, 他们跟 “我们” 分享了(share) 关于希望和灵感的精彩故事。

9.A　根据语境可知, Catherine和Davey跟 “我们” 分享了关于希望和灵感的精彩故事, 它们激励他们努力(effort)继续他们的旅程。

10.C　根据下文中的 “with $850 cash in the desert” 可知, 此处指如何有足够的钱回家。

11.D　根据语境可知, Catherine在沙漠中发现了一个空白的、未署名的信封, 里面装着(fill) 850美元现金。

12.B　根据下文中的 “they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later” 可推知, 他们的公共汽车出了故障(break down)。

13.B　根据下文中的 “cleaning up trash all over the park” 可知, 此处指来自全国的志愿者聚集到一起。

14.C　根据语境可知, 他们意识到他们所经历的(experience) 事情都不仅仅是巧合。

15.D　根据语境可知, 他们团队学会了致力于(devote) 他们的任务。