精品解析：广东省广州英豪学校2020-2021学年高一下学期开学初检测英语试题（解析版）

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广附英豪学校2020-2021学年下学期高一英语开学初检测题
考试时间：120分钟;满分：130分
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
一、阅读理解
A
The London Pass is the final sightseeing package that has been specially tailor-made for visitors to the city. It allows holders to make the most out of their trip, saving them both time and money. With the London Pass you will get the following:
·Free entry to your choice of over 60 popular attractions, tours, sights and museums
·A useful 160-page Guidebook about the attractions plus helpful tips about the city
·Ability to skip the lines at the selected attractions to save time
·Optional Travel card to cover all of your transport needs
The London Pass Saves You Money
London can bean expensive city, and its tourist attractions are no exception. However, go sightseeing with a London Pass and you could make some great savings. Take a look at the normal gate price for some popular London attractions: Tower of London £19.00; Thames River Cruise £19.00; Windsor Castle £17.00; London Bridge Experience £23.00; St Paul’s Cathedral £15.00. Visiting those five attractions will cost well over £89. With a London Pass, these and many more attractions won’t cost you a penny.
The London Pass Saves You Time
London is a popular destination. Therefore, attractions and sights do get very busy. Waiting inline can sometimes take hours from your sightseeing experience—that’s why London Pass holders get to skip the queue at key attractions such as Tower of London, Windsor Castle and London Bridge Experience. Also, the map of London and the information about the city’s public transportation system available in our Guidebook help plan the perfect sightseeing itinerary to maximize your time in the city.
Practical Information
Adult ticket: From £43. 00
Address: Charing Cross Road, London, WC2H OEP
THL: 01664 485020
1. With a London pass, you are expected to spend ______ when visiting Tower of London and Windsor Castle.
A. £43. 00 B. nothing C. £89.00 D. £36.00
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about sightseeing with a London Pass?
A. One doesn’t need to wait inline in all tourist attractions in London.
B. One can enjoy all the tourist services in London with exactly forty-three pounds.
C. One can enter over 60 tourist attractions, sights and museums at a low price
D. One can choose the Travel card that suits his transport needs in London.
3. You will probably find the passage in ______.
A. an English textbook B. a newspaper
C. a travel brochure D. an encyclopedia
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。全文介绍了伦敦通卡的情况及优势。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The London Pass Saves You Money
部分中的“Take a look at the normal gate price for some popular London attractions: Tower of London £19.00; Windsor Castle £17.00…With a London Pass, these and many more attractions won’t cost you a penny.”可知，有伦敦通卡去Tower of London和Windsor Castle这些景点不需要花钱。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“With the London Pass you will get the following … ·Optional Travel card to cover all of your transport needs.”可知，拥有伦敦通卡，游客可以得到可供选择的旅行交通卡来满足自己不同的交通需求。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。全文介绍了伦敦通卡的情况及优势，所以可能会在旅行手册上看到这篇文章。故选C。
B
Benefits of Cross-Country Skiing
Cross-country skiing can be enjoyed by a wide range of students, from the youngest kindergartners to those secondary students. It is really a fun activity, providing students a gentle workout outside in winter. While having fun, students can gain physical and mental benefits .
The physical benefits of cross-country skiing are well known. If we look at Olympic cross- country skiers, we can see the positive effects on the body that result from training for cross-country skiing. The average best female cross-country skier carries 11 percent body fat, and best male skiers carry 5 percent. These percentages are well below the average for people who are considered to be athletic-17 percent for females and 10 percent for males. The high number of calories burned while skiing helps to keep skiers slim in a healthy and attractive way.
Cross-country skiing is also an efficient way to exercise a large number of muscles at once. Because skiers use ski poles as a means of propulsion, the force that drives skiers forward, the upper body gets much more of workout. Of course, the leg muscles also do their fair share. People who use cross-country skiing as a workout over several weeks will discover that the muscles of their entire body increase in strength.
Cross-country skiing on a regular basis has a tremendous effect on a person’s cardiovascular system. In addition to gaining strength in the muscles of the upper and lower body, people who use cross-country skiing as a workout method over several weeks will also discover that their heart is stronger. A strong heart pumps more efficiently, sending out more blood to the muscles with each contraction. Through weeks of skiing, people often discover that their resting heart rate has decreased. Highly trained Olympic cross-country skiers have resting heart rates between 28 and 40 beats per minute. Compare that to the resting heart rate of the average person, which is 60 to 80 beats per minute!
The benefits of cross-country skiing extend beyond overall general health. A lot of evidence exists indicating that regular physical activity increases the release of mood-lifting endorphins in the body. After one of the energetic and fun skiing lessons, students will be smiling and laughing; they will be relaxed and in a better mood than when they started class. Students will leave class with a sense of accomplishment, knowing that they have developed new skills in a fun activity.
Cross-country skiing is a great way to work the total body. Now more and more students are taking part in this exercise outside during the winter months. They are enjoying it and benefiting from it!
4. The underlined word “workout” means ______.
A. manner B. exercise C. application D. opportunity
5. According to the passage, we can learn that cross-country skiing ______.
A. requires the use of most muscle groups B. offers students a unique way to keep fit
C. can increase the athletes’ resting heart rates D. can balance out the skiers’ increased calories
6. How does the author prove the benefits of skiing in the fifth paragraph?
A. By making comments. B. By giving examples.
C. By making comparisons. D. By giving explanations.
7. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?
CP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了越野滑雪运动，分别从越野滑雪对减肥，肌肉锻炼，心血管系统及情绪方面进行解释，告诉我们该项运动对运动员的身心都有好处。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段的“It is really a fun activity, providing students a gentle workout outside in winter. While having fun, students can gain physical and mental benefits”可知，越野滑雪真的是一个有趣的活动，在冬天给学生提供一个温和的workout，同时享受乐趣，学生可以获得身心的好处。因此可知，越野滑雪运动是一项冬季运动，可以让学生身心受益，故画线词意思是“运动，锻炼”，A. manner礼貌；B. exercise锻炼；C. application申请；D. opportunity机会。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Cross-country skiing is also an efficient way to exercise a large number of muscles at once. Because skiers use ski poles as a means of propulsion, the force that drives skiers forward, the upper body gets much more of workout. Of course, the leg muscles also do their fair share. People who use cross-country skiing as a workout over several weeks will discover that the muscles of their entire body increase in strength.(越野滑雪也是一次锻炼大量肌肉的有效方法。因为滑雪者使用滑雪杖作为推进的手段，这种力量驱使滑雪者前进，上半身得到了更多的锻炼。当然，腿部肌肉也发挥了一定的作用。用越野滑雪作为锻炼的人将会发现他们整个身体的肌肉力量增加了)”可知，越野滑雪为学生提供了一种独特的健身方式。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The benefits of cross-country skiing extend beyond overall general health. A lot of evidence exists indicating that regular physical activity increases the release of mood-lifting endorphins in the body. After one of the energetic and fun skiing lessons, students will be smiling and laughing; they will be relaxed and in a better mood than when they started class. Students will leave class with a sense of accomplishment, knowing that they have developed new skills in a fun activity.(越野滑雪的好处不仅仅是整体的健康。有很多证据表明，有规律的体育活动可以增加体内提升情绪的内啡肽的释放。在一节充满活力和乐趣的滑雪课之后，学生们会微笑和大笑；他们会很放松，心情也会比刚开始上课时好。学生们将带着一种成就感离开课堂，因为他们知道他们已经在一个有趣的活动中发展了新的技能)”可知，第五段通过做出解释来证明滑雪的好处。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段首先总体介绍了越野滑雪这项运动，这是文章的中心；然后从对身体和心理两个大的方面解释了该项运动的好处，对身体的好处是在二、三、四段进行阐述的；对心理的好处是在第五段阐述；最后一段是得出结论，即该项运动对身心均有好处，故C图最符合文章结构。故选C。
C
Imagine eating everything delicious you want – with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn’t it?
New "fake fat" products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it’s up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.
Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can’t be digested at all.
Normally, special chemical in the intestines（肠）"grab" molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids.
The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.
Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it’s that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.
Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.
8. From the article, we learn that olestra ______.
A. is nutritious, containing plenty of carotenoids
B. renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitamins
C. helps foods to be highly absorbent and digestible
D. makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious
9. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ______.
A. commercially useless B. scientifically challenging
C. somewhat troublesome D. quite unexpected
10. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that ______.
A. it passes through the intestines without being absorbed
B. it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the body
C. it helps reduce the incidence of heart disease
D. it prevents excessive intake of vitamins
11. With vitamins added to olestra, nutritionists are left with the concern that ______.
A it may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.
B. people may be induced to eat more than is necessary.
C. the function of the intestines may be weakened.
D. it may trigger a new wave of fake food production.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章讲解科学家制造出一种脂肪替代品Olestra （奥利斯特拉）和Olestra的作用，能够保持食物的美味，减少患癌症，心脏病的风险等。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. （这种含有一种叫做奥利斯特拉的化合物的产品制造商说，食品制造商现在可以从某些食品中去除脂肪。）”可知，olestra可以使事物不含脂肪同时保持美味。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can’t be digested at all.（研究人员没有找到想要的脂肪，而是制造了一种根本不能消化的脂肪。）”可知，科学人员在寻找消化脂肪的结果时，出乎意料地研究出了一种不能消化的脂肪。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.（但批评人士说，奥利斯特拉可以防止维生素A、D、E和K被吸收。它还可以防止类胡萝卜素的吸收,化合物可以减少患癌症的风险,心脏病等。）”可知，olestra有助于降低心脏病的发病率。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“ some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.（一些营养学家仍然担心，人们可能会无限制地吃用脂肪替代品制成的食物，而不用担心他们消耗了多少卡路里。）”可知，营养家担心人们被诱导吃得比需要的多。故选B项。
D
Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor)
For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball-simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.
12. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. The more, the better. B. Enough is enough.
C. More money, more worries. D. Earn more and spend more.
13. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?
A. Saving up for her holiday B. Raising money for a poor girl
C. Adding the money to her fund D. Giving the money to a sick mother
14. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?
A. To try out an idea
B. To show a parent’s love
C. To train his attention
D. To help him start a hobby
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A Take It or Leave It B. A Lesson from Kids
C. Live More with Less D. The Pleasure of Giving
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍简单玩具中获得快乐的做法。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句…I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less可以推断出，人们通常认为越多越好。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)可知，当我们承诺给她把卖玩具钱放到她的教育基金里时，她同意卖玩具。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.表明，跟Shepherd玩球是为了测试自己的一种想法是否可行。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，作者想要教会孩子how to live more with less，而二三段是作者的尝试，故C作标题适合。
【点睛】 高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。
语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。此题中第一题为词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的第三句the good news is that I can …可以推断出，前后语义相反，后句中是live more with less，所以前句应该是“越多越好”的意思。
二、七选五
You may want to make sure you get the most out of your teenage years. Working hard as a teen can help you develop good habits you can carry into adulthood. _____16_____
Discover what inspires you. Passions should make you feel excited.______17______Maybe you love reading about artists and find going to art museums inspiring. This may mean you have a passion for art or art history. Spend your time pouring your energies into your personal passions.
______18______It’s important to have goals（目标） as a teen, as these can help shape your adult life. Writing down a variety of goals for a given year, semester, or summer can help you upgrade your life.
Do not give in to peer(同龄人) pressure.______19______However, you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe. True friends will not try to pressure you into doing something you don’t want to do. Peer pressure comes in a variety of forms, and can create unnecessary stress and tension in your life. Know how to identify and avoid peer pressure.
Accept your strengths and weaknesses. Everyone is good at different things. You may not have a gift for writing, but you may excel at science courses.______20______You cannot succeed in everything, and that’s okay.
A. Express goals clearly.
B. Get down to setting goals.
C. Focus on where your talent and interest lie.
D. Considering what inspires you can help you identify passions.
E. It’s great to be open to trying new things in your teenage years.
F. Keep in mind that peer pressure can harm you more than you realize.
G. The following ways can enable you to live your teenage life to the fullest.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以提高青少年生活质量的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Working hard as a teen can help you develop good habits you can carry into adulthood.(青少年时期努力学习可以帮助你养成良好的习惯，并将其延续到成年。)”可知，下文介绍青少年时期养成良好习惯的方法。所以选择项G“The following ways can enable you to live your teenage life to the fullest.(以下的方法可以让你的青少年生活更加充实。)”符合上下文语境。此句为承上启下句。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Discover what inspires you.(发现什么能激励你。)”和前句“Passions should make you feel excited. (激情应该让你感到兴奋。)”可知，激情可以帮助激励自己。所以选择项D“Considering what inspires you can help you identify passions. (思考什么能激发你的激情，这可以帮助你找到自己的激情所在。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“inspires”和“passions”与主题句中的“inspires”、前句中的“passions”相一致。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查本段主题句。根据后句“It’s important to have goals（目标） as a teen, as these can help shape your adult life. (作为青少年有目标是很重要的，因为这些可以帮助塑造你的成年生活。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍设定目标。所以选择项B“Get down to setting goals. (认真设定目标。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“goals”与后句的“goals”相一致。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后句“However, you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe. (然而，你不应该做任何让你感到不舒服或不安全的事情。)”转折可知，虽然尝试新事物是好事，但要注意分寸。所以选择项E“It’s great to be open to trying new things in your teenage years. (在你十几岁的时候，对尝试新事物持开放态度是件好事。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据本段主题句“Accept your strengths and weaknesses. (接受自己的优点和缺点。)”和前句“Everyone is good at different things. (每个人都擅长不同的事情。)”及后文“You cannot succeed in everything, and that’s okay. (你不可能在每件事上都成功，这没关系。)”可知，要专注于自己擅长的事情。所以选择项C“Focus on where your talent and interest lie. (专注于你的才能和兴趣所在。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
三、完形填空
I have grown up with pictures and shapes. Ever since I was a little girl, still ___21___ able to read, my mom would set me up on her lap and read children’s picture books for me. She would point to each picture, trace each line and tell me which shapes made the pictures up. ___22___ by the tracing of her finger, I would stare and concentrate my eyes to catch every ___23___ that her finger made and would listen for the name of the shape. If I ___24___anything, I would beg her to repeat the page over and over again, until I had the name and figure of the shape in my ___25___.
As I entered the second grade, my memorization of the shapes___26___with me. I learned newer, complex shapes and my knowledge of shapes ___27___to the point where my old picture books I had at home could no longer ___28___my need for shapes. Instead, I ___29___ the world as my new, _____30_____picture book and read each building, house and truck as rectangles（长方形），squares with triangles and rectangles with circles on the bottom. If I could, I would go up to each object and follow the tracing _____31_____that my mom did when I was younger. I’d take my finger and trace along the outlines of the object and _____32_____what kind of shapes made it up.
At school, during the_____33_____, other kids would say playing dodge ball, but I would say playing spheres（圆球）. _____34_____other kids saw a red wagon（马车），I would break the wagon down in my mind into a rectangle and two circles. I was the only one that saw these “pictures” broken down into shapes, where as everyone else saw it as a _____35_____. Now that I am a senior in high school, I still see things in the same way.
21. A. hardly B. clearly C. constantly D. occasionally
22. A. Annoyed B. Attracted C. Concerned D. Frightened
23. A. shape B. sign C. sound D. movement
24. A. followed B. missed C. recognized D. understood
25. A. hand B. note C. mind D. step
26. A. connected B. changed C. grew D. stuck
27. A. increased B. enriched C. reduced D. remained
28. A. read B. satisfy C. realize D. widen
29. A. entered B. approached C. viewed D. mentioned
30. A. colourful B. big C. thin D. limitless
31. A. idea B. imagination C. method D. track
32. A. figure out B. keep up C. set down D. turn out
33. A. course B. break C. lesson D. campus
34. A. After B. Since C. Though D. When
35. A. whole B. scene C. section D. collection
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。全文讲述了受母亲启蒙教育的影响，现在作者对事物的认识就是图片与形状。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我还几乎不能读书，妈妈就会把我放在她的腿上，给我读儿童图画书。A. hardly几乎不；B. clearly清楚地；C. constantly不断地；D. occasionally偶尔地。结合空前后的“ Ever since I was a little girl”和“ my mom would set me up on her lap”可知，此时作者很小，几乎不能( hardly)读书。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我被她手指的游移所吸引，目不转睛地盯着她手指的每一个动作，听她说出那个形状的名字。A. Annoyed恼怒；B. Attracted吸引；C. Concerned关心；D. Frightened害怕。从空后的“by the tracing of her finger, I would stare and concentrate my eyes to catch”可知，作者被她手指的行踪所吸引。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被她手指的游移所吸引，目不转睛地盯着她手指的每一个动作，听她说出那个形状的名字。A. shape形状；B. sign手势；C. sound声音；D. movement移动。根据空前的“by the tracing of her finger”可知这里讲述她手指的移动( movement)。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我错过了什么，我会求她一遍又一遍地重复这一页，直到我脑海中有了那个形状的名字和形状。 A. followed跟随；B. missed错过；C. recognized认出；D. understood理解。结合空后的“I would beg her to repeat the page over and over again,”可知，有时作者会错过(miss)些东西。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我错过了什么，我会求她一遍又一遍地重复这一页，直到我脑海中有了那个形状的名字和形状。 A. hand手；B. note笔记；C. mind脑海；D. step步骤。从下文“ my memorization of the shapes”可知，作者把这些形状记在脑海(mind)中。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我进入二年级时，我对这些形状的记忆也随着我增长。A. connected连接；B. changed改变；C. grew生长；D. stuck坚持。从空前的“As I entered the second grade, my memorization”可知，这些记忆一直跟着作者。grow意思是“生长”，这里指早期的记忆一直伴随自己。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了新的、复杂的形状，我对形状的认识也越来越多，以至于我家里的旧图画书都不能满足我对形状的需求了。 A. increased增加；B. enriched使丰富； C. reduced减少；D. remained保持。结合空前的“ I learned new, complex shapes”可知，因为学习了新的、复杂的形状，因此自己的知识增长( increase)了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了新的、复杂的形状，我对形状的认识也越来越多，以至于我家里的旧图画书都不能满足我对形状的需求了。A. read读；B. satisfy满足；C. realize意识到；D. widen加宽。联系空前的“ my old picture books I had at home could no longer”可知，家里的那些旧的书已经不能满足( satisfy)作者的需要了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把世界看作是我新的、无限的图画书，把每座建筑、房子和卡车都看成是矩形、方形和三角形、矩形和底部带圆圈的矩形。A. entered进入；B. approached靠近；C. viewed看成；D. mentioned提及。根据空后“the world as my new, ____10____picture book and read each building,”可知，作者把世界看成(view)是新的、无尽的图画书。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把世界看作是我新的、无限的图画书，把每座建筑、房子和卡车都看成是矩形、方形和三角形、矩形和底部带圆圈的矩形。A. colourful多彩的；B. big大的；C. thin瘦的； D. limitless无尽的。考查形容词。从空前的“the world”可知，作者把世界看成无尽的( limitless)图画书。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我可以的话，我会去寻找每一个物体，并遵循我妈妈在我年轻的时候所做的追踪方法。A. idea想法；B. imagination想象；C. method方式；D. track踪迹。结合空前的“follow the tracing”可知，作者讲述自己母亲教育自己的方式( method)。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我会用我的手指沿着物体的轮廓画出它的形状。A. figure out弄清楚；B. keep up保持；C. set down记下；D. turn out证明是。联系空后的“ what kind of shapes made it up”可知，自己要弄清楚( figure out)是什么形状构成了它。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校，课间休息时，其他孩子会说玩躲避球，但我会说玩球体。A. course课程；B. break休息；C. lesson课；D. campus校园。依据空后“ other kids would say playing dodge ball”可知，作者在讲述课间休息( break)。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子看到红色的马车时，我会在脑海里把它分解成一个矩形和两个圆圈。A. After在……之后；B. Since自从；C. Though尽管；D. When当……时候。分析空后的“ other kids saw a red wagon”可知，当(When)别的孩子看一个红色的车厢时。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是唯一一个看到这些“图片”被分解成各种形状的人，而其他人却把它们看作一个整体。A. whole整体；B. scene风景；C. section部分；D. collection收集。本空与前文“ broken down into shapes”形成对比，别人看到的是整体( whole)，作者看到的是部分。故选A。
第II卷(非选择题)
四、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Ziqi has made a name for herself in her videos that highlight a traditional Chinese way of life in the rural areas of Sichuan province. Her videos cover ___36___(vary) crafts related to traditional culture, from making paper and ink to weaving cloth, from making a silk comforter to building her own bread kiln(窑) with blocks. Nothing seems impossible with Li’s hands as they work their magic to bring these things into ___37___(exist).
Li, born in 1990, ___38___（live）with her grandparents in Mianyang, Sichuan, since the age of 6 after her father died. Life was difficult for her during her youth as she and her grandparents had little to live___39___. Li herself said that she was ___40___(financial) supported to continue schooling. She started to work in the city at 14 and would not have returned to her childhood home but for her grandmother ___41___(fall) ill in 2012. After returning home, Li opened ___42___ online shop to sell mostly food products. To increase sales, she began making short films in 2016 about how these products ___43___(create).
A Weibo user remarked, “ Li’s success lies in her passion for life.” Another Weibo user wrote, “Thank you for giving me an opportunity ___44___(appreciate) the landscape in the countryside. ” Li is not without criticism. Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable ___45___ she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields.
【答案】36. various/varied
37. existence
38. has been living/has lived
39. on 40. financially
41 falling
42. an 43. were created
44. to appreciate
45. that
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了来自四川的李子柒发布的视频，突出了四川农村地区传统的中国生活方式。她的视频涵盖了与传统文化有关的各种手工艺品。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她的视频涵盖了与传统文化有关的各种手工艺品。形容词修饰crafts（手工艺品）作定语，vary（变化，改变）是动词，它的形容词是various或varied（各种各样的）。故填various/varied。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：李子柒的双手似乎什么都能做到，她可以让很多东西成为现实。bring ... into existence 创造…，使…产生。介词into后接名词作宾语。故填existence。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：李子柒的父亲去世时她才6岁，从那时起她与祖父母一直生活在四川绵阳。表示从“6岁时到现在”，应使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，句子主语是一个人（李子柒）。故填has been living/has lived。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：她和祖父母靠着很少的收入生活着。live on是固定搭配，意为“依靠…生活”。故填on。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：李子柒说自己得到了经济支持从而继续上学。副词修饰谓语动词was supported作状语。故填financially。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她14岁就开始在城里工作，如果不是2012年奶奶生病，她不会回到童年的家。but for意为“倘没有，要不是”，介词for后接动名词falling作宾语，her grandmother是动名词falling的逻辑主语。故填falling。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：回国后，李子柒开了一家网上商店，主要销售食品。开办一家网店，这不是特指，应使用不定冠词，online是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：为了增加销量，她于2016年开始制作有关这些产品的制作方法的短片。根据began一词可知，此处应使用一般过去时，主语products（复数）和谓语动词create（创造）之间为被动关系。故填were created。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：另一位微博用户写道：“谢谢你给我一次欣赏乡村风光的机会。” an opportunity to do sth做某事的机会，to do在这里作后置定语修饰opportunity。故填to appreciate。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：有些人表示怀疑，因为在野外工作了一天之后，她看起来如此完美，这令人难以置信。it是形式主语，此处应填入引导主语从句的连词，从句在语意和成分上是完整的，应使用that引导从句。故填that。
【点睛】but for用于虚拟语气的用法
but for引导的短语有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是暗含在上下文中,意为“要不是，如果没有,倘若没有”。
例句：But for your reasonable advice, I wouldn't have finished my paper excellently. 要不是有你合理的建议，我的论文就不会写得很好。此时but for可以使用without替换。第6小题考查非谓语动词。句意：她14岁就开始在城里工作，如果不是2012年奶奶生病，她不会回到童年的家。but for后接动名词falling作宾语，her grandmother是动名词falling的逻辑主语。but for her grandmother falling in 2012相当于if it had not been for the fact that her grandmother fell ill in 2012。故本题应填falling。
五、根据汉语意思填写单词
46. The police soon established the_____(身份) of victims and they were quickly found. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】identities
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：警察很快确定了受害者的身份并且很快找到了他们。根据汉语提示“身份”，以及上文established the可知此处应填名词作宾语，再结合下文of victims可知应用名词的复数形式identities。故填identities。
47. By_____( 保护) water and fossil fuels, we will help to protect the wildlife around ourselves. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】conserving
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过保护水和化石燃料，我们将有助于保护我们周围的野生动物。根据汉语提示“保护”，可知应填动词conserve，且作介词by的宾语，应用动名词。故填conserving。
48. Five people won the ''China's Green Figure'' award, a title given to ordinary people for their_____________(贡献) to environmental protection. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有五个人获得了“中国绿色人物”奖，这是一个授予为环境保护做出贡献的普通人的称号。形容词性物主代词their后接名词的复数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填contributions。
49. The teaching and living conditions in Guizhou Province were more _______ （富有挑战的）than he had thought. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】challenging
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：贵州的教学和生活条件比他想象的更有挑战性。根据汉语提示以及上文的were，设空处需填入-ing结尾的形容词形式作表语，故说明事物conditions的特征，故填challenging。
50. Do you have any idea? You’re always a _________(有创意的)person. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】creative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你有什么想法？你一直是一个有创意的人。该空修饰名词person，作定语，用形容词，根据句意和汉语提示，可推出是形容词creative，所以填creative。
六、完成句子
51. 中国以其古老的文明而闻名于世，尽管其历史上有过许多起起落落，但它一直延续到现代。
China is wildly known for its________ _______ which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history.
【答案】 ①. ancient ②. civilization
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词。根据句意可知，此处缺少的是“古老的文明”，表示“古老的”用ancient，表示“文明”用civilization，为不可数名词。故填ancient；civilization。
52. 知道我喜欢古典音乐胜于流行音乐，学校顾问建议我去听这个关于肖邦的讲座。
Knowing that I _____ classical music _______ pop music, the school adviser recommended that I __________ on Chopin.
【答案】 ①. prefer ②. to ③. (should) go to/attend the lecture
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。根据句意，一、二两空用prefer...to...固定短语，表示“比某物更喜欢某物”，prefer是that从句中的谓语动词，描述习惯用一般现在时，故第一空填原形动词；第三空缺少“参加演讲”，作that宾语从句中的谓语动词，recommended后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，attend the lecture表示“参加演讲”，故填①prefer②to③(should) go to/attend the lecture。
【点睛】
53. 强烈建议每个人都要配一本词典。
It’s strongly ________ that all the students ________ equipped with an English dictionary.
【答案】 ①. recommended/suggested/advised ②. be
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态和虚拟语气。对照中英文句意可知，第一空可用动词recommend/suggest/advise“建议”；根据英语句子结构可知，空处需用这些动词的过去分词recommended/suggested/advised，构成被动语态，It’s recommended/suggested/advised that…“建议……”为固定句型，其后that从句（主语从句）需用虚拟语气，其谓语构成为：should+动词原形，should可省略。此处all the students和equip之间是动宾关系，所以需用(should) be equipped。故填recommended/suggested/advised；be。
54. 在一位路人的帮助下，她设法走到了警察局求助。
____________ a passer­by, she managed to walk to the police station for help. (aid v.)
【答案】Aided by
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。aid与主语she是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填Aided by。
55. 我盼望着你告诉我你的假期安排。
I am looking forward to being told about your _________________.
【答案】arrangements of vacation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。“安排”可用arrangement表示，此处假期安排不止一处，所以用名词复数形式，“假期”用vacation表示，根据句意，此处表示假期的安排，所以用of表示所属，故填arrangements of vacation。
七、汉译英
56. 我突然想到这是一个富有挑战性的比赛。（strike）（汉译英）
【答案】It struck me that it was a challenging competition/ match.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和时态。It struck sb. that...某人突然想到……，句中it作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为It struck me that it was a challenging competition/ match.
57. 在大学时，我结交了许多外国朋友，其中大部分来自美国。(定语从句) （汉译英）
【答案】During the college, I made lots of foreign friends, most of whom are from America.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、固定短语和时态。结合句意“在大学时”短语为during the college；主句主语为I，表示“结交许多朋友”短语为make lots of friends，形容词foreign修饰名词friends，作定语；后跟“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词friends，表示“大部分”短语为most of，“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句中，指人应用whom，从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，表示“来自”短语为be from；表示“美国”为America。故翻译为During the college, I made lots of foreign friends, most of whom are from America.
58. 食用过多的糖会引起严重的健康问题。(lead to)(汉译英)
【答案】Eating too much sugar can lead to terrible health problems.
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词、动词短语和名词。表示“食用过多的糖”，应用eat too much sugar。作主语，应用动名词。表示“能、会”用情态动词can，后接lead to“导致”，作谓语，表示“严重的”用形容词terrible ，修饰health problems“健康问题”，作宾语。故翻译为：Eating too much sugar can lead to terrible health problems。
59. 这部新上映的电影如此乏味以至于大部分观众在它结束前就离开了影院。(so…that…) （汉译英）
【答案】The newly-released film was so boring that most audience left the cinema before it ended/was over.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。根据提示词可知本题用so…that…句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，The newly-released film表示“新上映的电影”；boring表示“乏味的、无聊的”；most audience表示“大部分观众”；leave the cinema表示“离开影院”，before it ends/is over表示“在它结束前”，语境表明陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故翻译为：The newly-released film was so boring that most audience left the cinema before it ended/was over.
60. 据说这栋刚被细心修复的古老建筑可以追溯到清朝时期。(It) (汉译英)
【答案】It is said that this ancient building, which has just been carefully restored, can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和时态。根据句意“据说……”可知句型为It is said that…；that从句中，表示“古老建筑”可翻译为ancient building，作主语，后跟非限制性定语从句修饰先行词ancient building，从句中缺少主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，表示“修复”应用动词restored，从句谓语动词与先行词保持一致，构成被动关系，时态为现在完成时，故应用现在完成时的被动语态；表示“追溯到”可知短语为trace back to，与ancient building构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形；表示“清朝时期”短语为the Qing Dynasty。故翻译为It is said that this ancient building, which has just been carefully restored, can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty.
八、书面表达
61. 假设你是一名记者，采访某动物园负责人有关国宝大熊猫的情况。下面是你采访动物园负责人的谈话要点，请根据谈话要点为《中国日报》写一篇专题报道。内容如下：
1. 大熊猫是世界上的稀有动物，人们非常喜欢它；
2. 由于生态遭到破坏，加上气候变暖，大熊猫越来越少
3. 现在中国大熊猫的数量每年都在增加，其中一些已被送到国外供人们观赏；
4. 中国最大的熊猫自然公园在四川，那里有一个野生动物研究中心。科学家们希望有一天大熊猫重新生活在旷野中。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】The panda is one of the rarest animals. People in the world like it very much. There used to be many pandas in China long ago. As the balance of nature is destroyed and the weather is getting warmer and warmer, the population of pandas has reduced sharply. But at present, the number of pandas in China is increasing due to the protective measures we have taken in the past decades. There are now so many pandas that some are being sent to other countries so that people there can enjoy them.
Nowadays, the biggest nature park for pandas in China is in Sichuan. There is a research centre for wildlife there. Scientists hope that one day they will have enough pandas to be set free and let them live in the wild again.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。题干中较详细的列出了四点写作要点，同学们稍加发挥即可。
【详解】第1步：审题。确定时态和人称。由于这是一篇介绍大熊猫现状的新闻报道，所以人称以第三人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主。
第2步：确定关键词（组），提炼写作要点。如：one of the rarest animals (最稀有的动物之一)，the balance of nature（自然平衡），sharply（极速地），the protective measures (保护措施)，nature park for pandas（熊猫自然公园）等。
第3步：对写作要点遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步： 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，段落清晰，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。全文还使用了不少高级词汇与句式。例如：第一段第三句使用了there be句型；第一段第四句使用了as引导的时间状语从句；第一段第六句使用了结果状语从句。第一段第五句中介词短语due to用来引导原因，使用的也很巧妙。第二段第三句还使用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。且全文语句间过渡自然，为文章增色添彩。