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浙江省宁波市效实中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省宁波市效实中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中试题（Word版附解析），共29页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分2等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022学年第二学期宁波市效实中学
高二英语期中试卷
(说明：本卷满分为100分，考试时间为120分钟。所有试题必须答在答题卷上，否则无效。)
I. 听力(共两节，满分10分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题0.5分，满分2.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the girl like about her parents?
A. They are caring. B. They are rich. C. They are powerful.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: We can’t afford to give you a lot of money because we don’t have high-paying jobs, but you must always know that your mother and I are very caring when it comes to helping you.
W: I know — and that is what I like about you.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much does the keyboard cost now?
A. $50. B. $40. C. $20.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Pardon me, what is the price of this keyboard? Is it on sale?
M: It is usually fifty dollars, but it is twenty percent off until the 15th of this month.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the boy refuse the girl’s offer?
A. He has a doctor’s appointment.
B. He has gone to the beach earlier.
C. He needs to go to see his family.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I have to go to the doctor’s office right after school. If you want to go to the beach when I’m done, we can meet up there later.
M: I have to go to dinner with my parents later. Sorry.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers doing?
A. Making dinner. B. Shopping for a party. C. Ordering some food.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What are you going to order? I’m thinking of getting the noodles.
W: Why not try something else? Their Italian dishes are good. For myself, I haven’t decided.
M: I had one of those yesterday. Let’s split a medium pizza and a large salad then.
5. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to know?
A. The meaning of some expressions.
B. The recipe for some desserts.
C. The solutions to some problems.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Can you tell me the meaning of “piece of cake”? What about “easy as pie”?
W: Neither is about dessert. They are similar in meaning to “no problem”.
M: Well, have you ever made a pie? There is nothing easy about it.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题0.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the man’s advice on the woman’s trip?
A. She should also check out Venice.
B. She should only stay in Rome.
C. She really should go to Pisa.
7. How much vacation time will the woman probably spend in Rome?
A. Two days. B. Five days. C. Seven days.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: What will you do while you’re in Rome?
W: I’d like to visit the Colosseum and the Trevi Fountain.
M: Anything else?
W: Well, also that tower that leans to the side.
M: You mean the Leaning Tower of Pisa?
W: Yes.
M: Well, that isn’t in Rome. It’s in a town called Pisa. If you’re going to travel anywhere outside of Rome, I suggest Venice instead. You’d like it a lot because you can travel around in boats there.
W: I’m only in the country for a week, though. Would I have time to get to Venice?
M: I think you could spend two days in Venice and the rest in Rome.
W: Great! I’ll do that.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. At home. C. At an office.
9. What is the woman most worried about?
A. Missing the snacks.
B. Failing to finish her report.
C. Leaving a bad impression on the man’s parents.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: When will you be finished with your work?
W: Give me another hour, please. I just have to write an environmental report before tomorrow.
M: That’s fine. Our dinner reservation isn’t until 8:00. It’s only 5:45 now. We can leave the apartment at 7:15. Is that enough time for you to get yourself ready?
W: Yes, definitely. I don’t want to keep your parents waiting, either, so I’ll try to hurry up.
M: Don’t worry. They can order snacks and drinks if we’re a bit late.
W: I don’t want to make them upset.
M: They understand how important it is to work. They’ll be impressed with your commitment. They’ll also be relieved that at least one of us is earning money, since my book hasn’t found a publisher yet!
W: Ha-ha! OK, Mike. Let me get this done. I can’t concentrate when you’re joking around.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How did the man feel when he went back to his hometown?
A. Bored. B. Awkward. C. Excited.
11. Where does the man live now?
A. In France. B. In England. C. In Germany.
12. What does the man decide to do at last?
A. Visit his family.
B. Go back home and get a job.
C. Keep in touch with his friends more often.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: How was your trip back home, Michael?
M: It was good. It was fun, and it was…a bit strange, also.
W: What do you mean? I thought you were born in Germany.
M: Actually, I was born in France. My family moved to Germany when I was five, so that’s why I call it home.
W: I see. So what was so strange about it?
M: It’s hard to explain. I mean, I’ve only been living here in England for a few years, but I didn’t realize how long it’s actually been until I saw all my old friends.
W: Were they different?
M: No, it was me who was different. I expected it to feel like I had never left, but everything felt so unfamiliar to me…like…what is that saying?
W: Like a fish out of water?
M: That’s it. Anyway, I promised to stay more in touch with my friends and learn about their lives.
W: Do you think you will ever go back there to work?
M: I don’t think so. England is my home now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teammates.
14. What is the girl afraid of?
A. Failing the test.
B. Missing some classes.
C. Losing a game.
15. What game wouldn’t the boy like to play anymore?
A. Soccer. B. Baseball. C. Basketball.
16. Where is the library?
A. On the third floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the first floor.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Our biology test is going to be so hard. I failed last week’s test and I’m so afraid of doing the same for this one. I’m going to have to study for hours this week! I’ll never make it to basketball practice.
W: I did well on the last test, so I know I’ll do well on this week’s too. But my soccer team just made it to the final game. I need to practice! If I don’t practice, I could be the reason we don’t win! It’s like when you play baseball in the spring, you guys are always winning and you never have time to study!
M: Yeah, we’re actually really good, but I don’t want to play anymore. The practice takes up too much time, and it’s no longer fun. Besides, my grades are more important to me. Since you can’t study after school, would you want to study together during lunch? There’s an empty classroom on the first floor.
W: Why not study in the library? There are big tables we can use and it’s in the same building. Just two floors above.
M: The library is too busy. Even though it’s quiet, there are too many people. But I just remembered there are study rooms on the second floor. Let’s go there instead.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Why will Mr. Jenkins leave?
A. He is sick.
B. He has found a new job.
C. He will take care of a family member.
18. When will Mr. Jenkins leave?
A At the end of the week.
B. At the end of the month.
C. At the end of the semester.
19. What will the school do to thank Mr. Jenkins?
A. Hold a party for him.
B. Send him on a vacation.
C. Name something after him.
20. Who is Mr. Ryan?
A. A teacher. B. An athlete. C. A basketball coach.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Good morning, students. We have an important announcement to make this morning. Mr. Jenkins, your physical education teacher, will be leaving us after 25 years at Evergreen High School. Together, we have shared many great memories here, and he is a big part of our school’s history. He led the boys’ basketball team to a championship the last two years and has also helped out with other sports programs. Although we are sad to see him go, we are happy for him, too. He has been a fantastic coach, a teacher, and more importantly, a good friend. He has told us that this decision has been very hard for him. However, his mother has become ill, and it is the right decision for his family. Unfortunately, Mr. Jenkins will not be able to end the year with us, as he is traveling back to his hometown this Friday. This means we won’t have time for a proper goodbye celebration, but we hope you will all visit him before he leaves. And finally, to show respect for our good friend, we will be naming the gymnasium “Jenkins’ Gym” at the end of the month. Taking over his duties until summer vacation will be our math teacher, Mr. Ryan. We also have a goodbye card you can sign at the office. Thank you for your attention and have a good day.
II. 阅读理解(共两节;满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As lockdown starts to slowly lift, it's such a treat to be able to travel around the appealing coastline or book holidays in the UK again.
■Camber Sands
The impressive dunes（沙丘）system that makes Camber Sands the south coast's most Arabian-looking beach destination is fled with wonders. A number of “desert” films were shot here, including Cary On Follow That Camel.
Getting there: one hour 40 minutes by train from London St Pancras International to Rye, with a change at Ashford and a short bus ride to the beach; about two hours by car.
■Tankerton Beach
Tankerton Beach offers lovely views. When you've had your fill of beach time, it's time for a bellyful of the town's native oysters（牡蛎）; head for Harbour Street and High Street for a fantastic selection of places to try them.
Getting there: one hour 20 minutes by train from London Victoria; about one hour 40 minutes by car.
■West Wittering
A huge Blue Flag beach makes this West Wittering one of the south coast's finest for all kinds of beach activities. You can get involved in sunbathing and safe swimming (lifeguards patrol（巡逻） here in the summer months), go rock-pooling or just explore the ecology of the beach.
Getting there: one hour 30 minutes by train from London Victoria to Chichester, plus a bus ride to the beach; about two hours by car.
■Dungeness
Rediscover your childhood on a steam railway, explore strange World War I radar devices and discover old railroad car in this most magic place of Dungeness. There's some wonderful landscaping to enjoy, especially filmmaker Derek Jarman's separated home and garden.
Getting there: one hour by train from London St Pancras International to Folk stone, with a one hour 30 minute bus ride to Dungeness; about two hours by car.
21. What is the advantage of travelling to Tankerton Beach in transportation?
A. It takes the shortest time by car.
B. It offers lovely views on the way.
C. A short bus ride is also available.
D. You can get there with a change.
22. What can you do in West Wittering?
A. Surf with friends.
B. Taste delicious seafoods.
C. Swim with lifeguards.
D. Explore water between rocks.
23. If you are a movie fan of Derek Jarman, which place will you choose?
A. Camber Sands. B. Tankerton Beach.
C. West Wittering. D. Dungeness.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四处海边度假地点及前往那里需要乘坐的交通工具和所需要的时间。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Camber Sands部分第二段最后一句中的“about two hours by car”（开车大约两个小时）, Tankerton Beach部分第二段最后一句中的“about one hour 40 minutes by car”（开车大约1小时40分钟）, West Wittering部分第二段最后一句中的“about two hours by car”（开车大约两个小时）以及Dungeness部分第二段最后一句中的“about two hours by car”（开车大约两个小时）可知，Tankert on Beach在交通方面的优势是开车前往那里所需要的时间最短。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据West Wittering部分第一段最后一句中的“go rock-pooling or just explore the ecology of the beach”（去岩石池或者只是探索海滩的生态）可知，在West Wittering你可以在岩石之间的潮水潭探险。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dungeness部分第一段第二句“There's some wonderful landscaping to enjoy, especially filmmaker Derek Jarman's separated home and garden.”（这里有一些美妙的景观可以欣赏，尤其是电影制作人德里克·贾曼(Derek Jarman)的独立住宅和花园）可知，如果你是Derek Jarman的影迷，你可以去Dungeness，故选D。
B
As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.
Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi consolidated (巩固) her dream of fighting the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy (理念) into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
24. How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her?
A. They made her decide to leave the country.
B. They helped her better understand her father.
C. They aroused her enthusiasm for helping others.
D. They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
25. What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland?
A. Low rainfall. B. Soil pollution. C. Cold weather. D. Forest damage.
26. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia?
A. To create job opportunities for young people.
B. To help the children obtain a basic education.
C. To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D. To promote the protection of their farmland.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Saving Water in Tunisia B. Holding back the Sahara
C. Planting Trees of Native Species D. Fighting Poverty in North Africa
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公图米在假期陪伴父亲回突尼斯东部的出生地后，激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了Acacias for All项目，种植金合欢树，保护当地农田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，实践其可持续农业的理念。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. (从9岁起，她就开始在假期陪伴她来自于突尼斯的父亲去突尼斯东部的出生地，这激发了她帮助他人的热情。)”可知，图米去突尼斯度假的经历唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业土地受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯农田沙漠化的主要原因。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy (理念) into action. (她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一个名为Acacias for All的项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸行动。)”，最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金金合欢。)”可知，她创立Acacias for All项目的目的是保护当地的农田。故选D项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金合槐。)”可知，文章讲述的是主人公图米在9岁时，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家乡时激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了Acacias for All项目，种植金合欢树，改善保护当地农田，坚持与沙漠化作斗争，实践其可持续农业的理念。B选项“Holding back the Sahara (阻挡撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章标题。故选B。
C
LOVE it or hate it, there is no escape from Internet slang.
This is especially true among young people in some English-speaking countries such as Australia, the UK, and the US. These days, if they haven’t caught up with the latest popular Internet slang, chances are that they often feel out of the loop on social media.
Take these posts by The Washington Post for example: “David Bowie dying is totes tradge” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal, it made me totes emosh”. What on earth do these mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of the adverb “totally”. Likewise, “tradge” means “tragic” and “emosh” means “emotional”.
It seems that, for millennials (those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s), typing in this abbreviated form is not only time-saving but also hip. Many millennial slang words are formed by what linguists call the practice of totesing — the systematic abbreviation of words, according to a recent article in The Washington Post.
Some people think that millennial slang affects the English language negatively. However, Melbourne University linguist Rosey Billington doesn’t agree.
“When you are able to use language in a creative way, you show you are linguistically knowledgeable because you know the language rules well enough to use words in a different way,” Billington told News.com.au. Her view is backed up by two linguists, Lauren Spradlin, and Taylor Jones, from the City University of New York and the University of Pennsylvania respectively. The two believe that totes-speak is a highly-organized system that can only be used by speakers who have mastered English pronunciation.
“The ability to break apart syllables and mix different sounds together is key. Totesing is about sounds, and it follows the sometimes complicated sound system of English,” Jones told The Washington Post. Totesing is not random. On the contrary, it has strict rules to follow. You need to be very fluent in the English language to be able to understand totes-speak.
28. The underlined phrase “out of the loop” in the second paragraph probably means________.
A. accepted easily B. bored and annoyed
C. comfortable and relaxed D. unaware of certain information
29. How does the author explain the phenomenon of totesing?
A. By making comparisons. B. By listing examples.
C. By giving descriptions. D. By analyzing cause and effect.
30. What is Lauren Spradlin’s attitude toward the practice of totesing?
A. Worried. B. Cautious. C. Positive. D. Critical.
31. Which of the following might Taylor Jones agree with?
A. Internet slang is mostly created by professional linguists.
B. Totesing is mainly about making words easier to pronounce.
C. Totesing should be promoted since it is cool, creative, and time-saving.
D. Totesing requires speakers to master the language’s rules very well.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。网络俚语很受欢迎，《华盛顿邮报》最近的一篇文章指出，许多千禧一代的俚语词汇都是由语言学家所说的“totesing”行为形成的，这是词汇的系统性缩写。有些人认为千禧一代俚语对英语有负面影响，然而一些语言学家却不这么认为。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“LOVE it or hate it, there is no escape from Internet slang.(爱也好，恨也罢，网络俚语无处不在)”及“These days, if they haven’t caught up with the latest popular Internet slang(如今，如果他们还没有跟上最新流行的网络俚语)”可知，网络俚语很流行，如果他们还没有跟上最新流行的网络俚语，他们很可能会觉得自己不知道社交媒体上的信息。由此推知，划线短语的意思是“不知道某些信息”。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Take these posts by The Washington Post for example: “David Bowie dying is totes tradge” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal it made me totes emosh.”What on earth do these mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of the adverb “totally”. Likewise, “tradge” means “tragic” and “emosh” means “emotional”.(以《华盛顿邮报》的这些帖子为例：“ david bowie 的死就是 totes tradge”和“ Cookie 拥抱 jamal 让我感到 totes emosh”这到底是什么意思？” “totes”是副词“total”的缩写形式。同样，“tradge”表示“悲剧”，“emosh”表示“情绪化”)”可知，作者是通过实例来解释totesing的现象的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Her view is backed up by two linguists, Lauren Spradlin and Taylor Jones, from the City University of New York and the University of Pennsylvania respectively. The two believe that totes-speak is a highly-organized system that can only be used by speakers who have mastered English pronunciation.(她的观点得到了纽约城市大学和宾夕法尼亚大学两位语言学家Lauren Spradlin和Taylor Jones的支持。两人认为，totes speak是一个高度组织的系统，只有掌握了英语发音的人才能使用)”可推知，Lauren Spradlin对于Totesing是积极的态度。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Totesing is about sounds, and it follows the sometimes-complicated sound system of English,” Jones told The Washington Post. “Totesing is not random. On the contrary, it has strict rules to follow. You need to be very fluent in the English language to be able to understand totes-speak.”(Jones告诉《华盛顿邮报》：“Totesing是关于声音的，它遵循的是很复杂的英语声音系统。Totesing不是随机的。相反，它有严格的规则要遵守。你需要非常流利的英语，才能理解他们的语言)”可推知，Totesing要求使用者很好地掌握这门语言的规则。故选D项。
D
Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region’s ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization shared similarities with the Maya.
The Sanxingdui ruins belonging to the Shu Kingdom existed at least 4, 800 years ago, and lasted more than 2, 000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city-states around 200 AD. Despite the differences in ages, the bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolized the union of heaven, earth, and the underworld in the Mayan civilization. “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist (考古学家) stressing that the representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar.
While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings show the closeness between the two civilizations. They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their world view through related symbols. “In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space. What we have is that at this latitude (纬度) both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon,” the expert says.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains. Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
“Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is of vital importance,” says Santos.
32. What is the similarity between the Shu Kingdom and the Maya civilization?
A. Their starting time. B. Their historical origins.
C. Their cultural symbols. D. Their ceremony traditions.
33. What have the findings at the Sanxingdui ruins proved?
A. Silk was a common clothing material then.
B. Human cultures shared similarities free from time and space.
C. There were bronze-made trees in ancient Maya.
D. The Shu Kingdom and the Mayan world had close contact.
34. What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins?
A. Wet weather. B. Positioning of ruins. C. High latitude. D. Language barriers.
35. What is the focus of Santos’ quote in the last paragraph?
A. The future of China-Mexico cooperation.
B. The benefits of speaking a different language.
C. The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D. The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍关于三星堆遗址的考古发现。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist (考古学家) stressing that the representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar.(“它们有非常重要的相似之处，”墨西哥考古学家桑托斯说，并强调“两种文化中对树木的描绘提供了一种非常相似的象征意义”)”可知，古蜀文明与玛雅文明相似之处在于他们的文化象征。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings show the closeness between the two civilizations. They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their world view through related symbols. “In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space. What we have is that at this latitude (纬度) both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon,” the expert says.( 虽然蜀国和玛雅文化之间的时间跨度很大，但这些发现显示了两个文明之间的密切关系。他们在气候相似的地区发展，并通过相关的符号反映出他们的世界观。专家说：“最终，人还是人，独立于时间和空间。我们所知道的是，在这个纬度，蜀地人和玛雅人看的是同一片天空，地平线上的星星也是一样的。”)”可知，三星堆遗址的发现证明了人类文化具有不受时间和空间限制的相似性。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.(中国和墨西哥考古学家之间的合作可能有利于玛雅世界的项目，那里多雨的气候和湿度对遗址的保护是一个问题)”可知，这两个遗址的保护面临的共同挑战是潮湿天气。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental,” says Santos.(桑托斯说：“每当我们的文化知识增加时，无论我们说的是一种语言还是另一种语言，它都向我们表明，我们仍然是姐妹文化，因此，此类知识的交流是基础。”)”可推断，在最后一段中桑托斯引用的重点是说明文化知识交流的重要性。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. ____36____However, crying is a fact of life, and tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, your eyes produce tears. These create a film (薄膜) over the eye’s surface. This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection.
Tears reduce stress, but we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. “____37____ They’re afraid that once they lose control, they’ll never get it back,” explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe.
Almost any emotion—good or bad, happy or sad—can cause tears. ____38____ Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who cry more freely.
When some people become very stressed, however, they can’t cry. They may be feeling shock, anger, fear or grief, but they control the emotion. “Everyone has the need to cry,” says psychotherapist (精神治疗医师) Vera Diamond. ____39____ They practice crying so that they can get used to expressing emotion.
____40____ It’s good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. “But once you are safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry,” Diamond says. She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “once your tears have released the stress, you can begin to think of logical ways to deal with the problem.”
Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should never be afraid to cry.
A. People worry about showing their emotions.
B. The more you cry, the healthier you will become.
C. Crying is a way that we release built-up emotions.
D. Sometimes patients participate in crying exercises.
E. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy.
F. In certain situation, such as at work, tears are not appropriate.
G. Many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了流泪的好处。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose.(眼泪会破坏化妆，让谈话停止，让你流鼻涕)”可知，本句继续说明眼泪带给人的负面影响，E选项They指代Tears。故E选项“它们会让你感到尴尬，没有活力”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据后文“They’re afraid that once they lose control, they’ll never get it back(他们害怕一旦失去控制，就再也回不来了)”可知，本句主要是在说明人们因为担心表达自己的情绪，克制不哭的情况。故A选项“人们担心表达自己的情绪”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Almost any emotion—good or bad, happy or sad—can cause tears.(几乎任何情绪——好或坏，快乐或悲伤——都会让人流泪)”以及后文“Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who cry more freely.(当你因为非常强烈的感情而感到自己快要爆发时，眼泪会帮助你。这也许可以解释为什么害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病)”可知，后文提到害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病，以及眼泪会帮助你释放情绪，故C选项“哭泣是我们释放累积情绪的一种方式”符合语境，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据后文“They practice crying so that they can get used to expressing emotion.(他们练习哭泣，这样他们就能习惯表达情感)”可知，本句是在说明后文的They指代的是谁， 结合上文提到了精神治疗医师，可知是病人，故D选项“有时病人会参加哭泣练习”符合语境，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据后文“It’s good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. “But once you are safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry,” Diamond says. She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “once your tears have released the stress, you can begin to think of logical ways to deal with the problem.”(在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事。戴蒙德说：“但一旦你安全地关起门来，不要只是哭。”她建议你把整个情况再演一遍，随心所欲地吵闹和生气。这会让你感觉好一些。“而且，”她补充说，“一旦你的眼泪释放了压力，你就可以开始思考合理的方法来处理这个问题。”)”可知，后文提到在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事，说明在工作中，流泪是不合适的。故F选项“在某些情况下，比如在工作中，流泪是不合适的”符合语境，故选F。
III. 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
When I got my first smartphone, I loved it.It gave me instant ___41___ to my music, thousands of photos and videos and a(n) ___42___ of information. But over time, my feelings became controversial. I would repeatedly ___43___ my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and ___44___ click on links to websites. I’d often ___45___ to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
So I began to research studies on the mental health effects of smartphone use. I ___46___ that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality. Unsurprisingly, they also impact your ability to ___47___ and to remain in the present moment with your kids.
___48___, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted (分心) by dings and pings. He finally related to my complaints about my smartphone: “Mommy, just ___49___, please!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey — no ___50___at all — I bought a flip phone (翻盖手机) and cell plan for $30 a month. With no touch screen, texting is ___51___. I can’t access email, music or social media and don’t even try browsing the web without a touch screen. While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing, it’s ___52___ than I thought it would be and the benefits are worth it. Now when I’m playing with my son, I can see the positive effect ___53___ his smiles. And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the ___54___, I light candles, grab a book and ___55___ the atmosphere of the room I’m in.
41. A. solution B. response C. access D. reaction
42. A. world B. form C. exchange D. piece
43. A. receive B. write C. answer D. refresh
44. A. skillfully B. occasionally C. hurriedly D. constantly
45. A. talk B. complain C. prove D. return
46. A. predicted B. discovered C. considered D. claimed
47. A. email B. reply C. smile D. parent
48. A. Hence B. However C. Then D. Still
49. A. take it back B. give it up C. break it down D. sort it out
50. A. charge B. money C. cellphone D. plan
51. A. heart-breaking B. time-consuming C. eye-opening D. energy-saving
52. A. easier B. cooler C. stricter D. longer
53. A. in B. of C. on D. with
54. A. face B. bed C. screen D. book
55. A. create B. lighten C. change D. enjoy
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者发现自己沉迷于手机，于是调整适用翻盖手机，最终作者适应了没有智能手机的生活，开始和家人专心相处。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. solution解决方案；B. response回答；C. access入口；D. reaction反应。根据后文“to my music, thousands of photos and videos”指可以访问音乐、照片和视频，应用access to。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. world世界；B. form表格；C. exchange交换；D. piece片。根据后文“of information”可知手机让作者可以进入一个信息的世界。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. receive收到；B. write写；C. answer回答；D. refresh使恢复精神，刷新。根据后文“my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need”指反复刷新电子邮件，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. skillfully巧妙地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. constantly不断地。根据后文“click on links to websites”可知此处是在说明手机带来的问题，让作者反复刷新电子邮件、在网上购买不需要的东西以及不断点击网站链接。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常向我的丈夫和我7岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。A. talk谈话；B. complain抱怨；C. prove证明；D. return返回。根据后文“that I felt trapped by it”可知作者在抱怨被手机困住了。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。A. predicted预测；B. discovered发现；C. considered考虑；D. claimed声称。根据后文“that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality”可知，作者发现了智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，它们也会影响你为人父母的能力，影响你和孩子呆在当下的能力。A. email邮件；B. reply回答；C. smile微笑；D. parent父亲（或母亲），为人父母。根据后文“remain in the present moment with your kids”可知手机影响了为人父母的能力，故选D。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年夏天的一天，当我和路易斯玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮叮的声音分散了注意力。A. Hence因此；B. However然而；C. Then然后；D. Still仍然。作者和儿子玩耍是之后发生的事情，then符合语境。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最后谈到了我对智能手机的抱怨：“妈妈，拜托你放弃使用手机吧!”A. take it back拿回来；B. give it up放弃；C. break it down出故障；D. sort it out分类。上文提到作者被手机分散了注意力，所以儿子这里表示让作者放弃使用手机。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。A. charge电量；B. money钱；C. cellphone手机；D. plan计划。根据后文“I bought a flip phone and cell plan for $30 a month”可知，作者没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有触摸屏，发短信非常耗时。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. time-consuming耗时的；C. eye-opening大开眼界的；D. energy-saving节省能源的。根据上文“With no touch screen”可知，用翻盖手机发短信非常耗时。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比我想象的要容易得多，而且好处是值得的。A. easier更容易的；B. cooler更凉爽的；C. stricter更严格的；D. longer更长的。上文“While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing”中while引导让步状语从句，说明虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比想象的要容易得多，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在当我和儿子一起玩的时候，我能从他的微笑中看到积极的影响。A. in在里面；B. of属于；C. on在上面；D. with和。根据后文“his smiles”指在微笑中看到积极的影响，应用介词in。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. face脸；B. bed床；C. screen屏幕；D. book书籍。根据上文“And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the”以及作者适应了不适用智能机，所以不再盯着屏幕。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. create创造；B. lighten点亮；C. change改变；D. enjoy享受。根据后文“the atmosphere of the room I’m in”指享受房间的氛围，应用enjoy。故选D。
IV. 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people plan their trips to Canada in the middle of winter. The heavy snowfall in the months of January and February ____56____(attract) skiers and ice skaters. Some come for the fabulous ice hotel in Quebec, ____57____ others plan their trips to experience the winter festivals that are held in several major cities. But this year, Canada has promised year-round attractions, as the country celebrates ____58____(it) 150th anniversary as a nation.
Celebrations, which will begin on the first day of the year, will start with the country ____59____ (provide) free year-long unlimited passes to all of Canada’s national parks. Cities across the country will host events all year, making it a good year ____60____(visit) Canada besides the usual winter festivities. And the government is sponsoring several projects to give Canadians a voice and a sense of ____61____(proud) in their country. One example is the Red Couch Project. A red couch, ____62____(design) in Toronto, will travel across the continent. Citizens will be asked to sit on the couch and tell their stories. Videos will be posted online, enabling the world to track the couch as it is transported ____63____ land and water. It will end up in Vancouver, ____64____ there will be a huge parade. If you were ever going to visit Canada, now is _____65_____(definite) the time!
【答案】56. attracts
57. and##while
58. its 59. providing
60. to visit
61. pride 62. designed
63. by 64. where
65. definitely
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年，在加拿大庆祝建国150周年之际，加拿大承诺全年都有旅游景点。全国各地的城市全年都会举办各种活动，除了通常的冬季庆祝活动外，这是游览加拿大的好年头。
【56题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：1月和2月的大雪吸引了滑雪者和溜冰者。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The heavy snowfall，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填attracts。
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些人来魁北克的冰酒店，而另一些人则计划去体验几个主要城市举行的冬季节日。此处可用and连接并列句，表示并列关系，或用while表示前后对比。故填and /while。
【58题详解】
考查代词。句意：但今年，在加拿大庆祝建国150周年之际，加拿大承诺全年都有旅游景点。修饰名词anniversary，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：庆祝活动将于新年的第一天开始，国家将免费提供全年无限制的加拿大所有国家公园通行证。此处为with的复合结构，且country与provide构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填providing。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：全国各地的城市全年都会举办各种活动，除了通常的冬季庆祝活动外，这是游览加拿大的好年头。此处为make it+n.+不定式，it作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语，故填to visit。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：政府还赞助了几个项目，让加拿大人对自己的国家有发言权和自豪感。作介词的宾语，应用名词pride。故填pride。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在多伦多设计的一款红色沙发将穿越欧洲大陆。分析句子结构可知design与逻辑主语couch构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填designed。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：视频将被发布到网上，让全世界都能追踪到沙发通过陆路和水路运输的过程。表示“通过陆路和水路运输的过程”应用介词by。故填by。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最后将在温哥华举行盛大的游行。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Vancouver，从句缺少地点状语，故用where。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果你打算去加拿大旅游，现在绝对是时候了！修饰动词应用副词definitely，作状语。故填definitely。
V. 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
66. The sad news that their only son had died in the war________(投射) a shadow over the family. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】cast
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：他们唯一的儿子死于战争的不幸消息给这个家庭蒙上了一层阴影。根据同位语从句that their only son had died in the war可知，主句为陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，设空处为谓语动词，应用动词的过去式，“投射”表达为动词cast，其过去式为cast。此处考查动词cast a shadow over...，意为“给……笼罩上阴影”。故填cast。
67. Thanks to effective prevention, fewer people are ________(感染) with Covid-19. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】infected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的过去分词。句意：多亏了有效的预防措施，感染Covid-19的人数减少了。根据汉语提示及固定短语be infected with “感染上……”可知，空处应为过去分词infected。故填infected。
68. The lecture will offer you an ________(洞察) into the profound Chinese culture. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】insight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：讲座将使你深入了解博大精深的中国文化。根据汉语提示，以及上文不定冠词，可知应填单数名词insight，作宾语。故填insight。
69. We look forward to your generous support and active ________(参加). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】participation#involvement#engagement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们期待您的慷慨支持和积极参与。“参加”表达为名词participation或involvement或engagement，与support并列，作look forward to的宾语。故填participation/involvement/engagement
70. Dissatisfied with the food quality and poor service in the school ________(食堂), I’m writing to you in the hope that some effective measures can be taken to improve it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】canteen
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于对学校食堂的食物质量和糟糕的服务不满意，我写信给你，希望能采取一些有效的措施来改善它。根据汉语提示可知，canteen食堂，可数名词，此处表示特指，应用单数形式，在句中作介词in的宾语，故填canteen。
71. She is very ________(谦虚的) about her success.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】modest
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她对自己的成功很谦虚。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词modest“谦虚的”作表语。故填modest。
72. Moderate ________(暴露) to sunlight is believed to be beneficial to one’s health. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】exposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：适度暴露在阳光下被认为对健康有益。根据汉语提示可知应用名词exposure，作主语。故填exposure。
73. The ________(最精彩的部分) of the festival is that students will have an opportunity to make dishes and share them with each other. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】highlight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：节日的亮点是学生们将有机会制作菜肴并相互分享。“最精彩的部分”表达为名词highlight，作主语，谓语动词为is，故为单数形式。故填highlight。
74. I have to see the headmaster. It’s a matter of ________(紧急). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】urgency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我要见校长。这件事很紧急。根据汉语提示可知应填名词urgency，作宾语。故填urgency。
75. Jill was so excited to see her son return safe and sound that she ________(围住) her arms around him. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】wrapped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：吉尔看到儿子平安归来非常兴奋，她紧紧地搂住了他。根据汉语提示可知应用动词wrap，结合was可知为一般过去时。故填wrapped。
VI．词法句法(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
76. His speech was greeted with ________( thunder ) applause from the audience. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】thunderous
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的演讲受到听众雷鸣般的掌声欢迎。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“applause”，表示“雷鸣般的”，应为thunderous。故填thunderous。
77. Place your ________ (swell) hands under the cool water to alleviate the pain. （所给词适当形式填空）
【答案】swollen
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：把肿胀的手放在冷水下，以减轻疼痛。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应用形容词swollen，意为“肿胀的，肿起来的”，作前置定语，修饰名词hands。故填swollen。
78. He made it quite clear ________ he preferred to be left alone. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他说得很清楚，他宁愿一个人待着。此处考查句型make it clear that...，意为“明确表示，表明”，it为形式宾语，从句部分句意完整，that引导真正的宾语从句。故填that。
79. The get-together in the tea-house ________ (cancel) by the time we arrived. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】had been cancelled##had been canceled
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态。句意：我们到达时，茶馆的聚会已经取消了。根据时间状语by the time we arrived，主句动词发生在arrived之前，应用过去完成时，谓语动词cancel与主语The get-together之间为动宾关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been cancelled/had been canceled。
80. ________( perform ) CPR for a long time, the doctors snatched the patient from the jaws of death eventually. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Having performed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过长时间的心肺复苏术，医生们终于把病人从鬼门关里救了出来。分析句子结构可知perform 与逻辑主语doctors构成主动关系，且该动作发生在谓语动词snatched之前，应用完成式。故填Having performed。
VII. 根据中文意思完成下列句子。 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
81. 在下山的路上，老人被一块石头绊倒了，扭伤了脚踝。我和我女朋友帮助他站起来，但却发现他痛苦万分，不能行走。
On the way downhill, the old man stumbled over a rock and ________ ________ ________. My girlfriend and I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ but found him in alarming pain and unable to walk.
【答案】 ①. sprained ②. his ③. ankle ④. helped ⑤. him ⑥. to ⑦. his ⑧. feet
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语、时态。根据汉语提示和句意，第一句中设空处为“扭伤了脚踝”，表达为动词短语sprain his ankle，应与stumbled并列作谓语，故用一般过去时。第二句中设空处为“帮助他站起来”，表达为动词短语help him to his feet，也用一般过去时，故填：①sprained；②his；③ankle；④helped；⑤him；⑥to；⑦his；⑧feet。
82. 万一遇到严重的心脏病发，立即拨打急救电话，分秒必争!
In case of a severe heart attack, ________ ________ ________ ________ right away. ________ ________ ________!
【答案】 ①. call ②. an ③. emergency ④. number ⑤. Every ⑥. minute ⑦. counts
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“立即拨打急救电话”短语为call an emergency number，为肯定祈使句；表示“分秒必争！”翻译为Every minute counts。故填①call；②an；③emergency；④number；⑤Every；⑥minute；⑦counts。
83. 厌倦了这钢筋水泥造的摩天大楼，我坐上了一列开往阿尔山的火车，盼望着在静谧的树林里来一次惬意的徒步旅行。
Tired of the skyscrapers of steel and concrete, I boarded a train ________ ________ Arshaan, looking forward to ________ ________ ________ ________ in the tranquil forest.
【答案】 ①. heading ②. for ③. taking ④. a ⑤. pleasant ⑥. hike
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“开往”短语为head for，此处用现在分词作定语；表示“一次惬意的徒步旅行”短语为take a pleasant hike，作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填①heading；②for；③taking；④a；⑤pleasant；⑥hike。
84. 健康饮食的基本要诀是细嚼慢咽。这个不仅能让你的身体更好地消化食物，还能防止被食物噎住。
________ ________ ________ ________ healthy eating is to eat slowly. This can not only allow your body to digest your food better, but prevent you from ________ ________ the food.
【答案】 ① A##The ②. fundamental ③. key ④. to ⑤. choking ⑥. on
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语、动名词。根据汉语提示，第一句中缺“……的基本要诀”，“基本”表达为形容词fundamental，作定语修饰“要诀”，“要诀”表达为名词key，可用a或the修饰key，“……的要诀”应用介词to，后接宾语“健康饮食”，介词短语作key的后置定语，名词短语作主语。第二句考查动词短语prevent you from doing， 设空处缺“噎住”，应表达为动词choke on的动名词形式，作from的宾语。故填：①A/The；②fundamental；③key；④to；⑤choking；⑥on。
85. 我站着一动不动，竖起耳朵。又一声尖叫从黑暗的森林里传来，把我吓呆了。
I stood dead still, ________ ________. Another shrill cry carried through the dark forest, which ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 ①. ears ②. straining ③. froze ④. me ⑤. with ⑥. shock/terror/horror
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构和一般过去时。前两空表示“竖起耳朵”，“耳朵”使用名词复数ears，“竖起”使用动词strain，空前无连词，故空处用独立主格结构，ears和strain之间是主谓关系，应用“名词+现在分词”结构；后面四个空表示“把我吓呆了”，用动词短语freeze sb with...“因……而使某人呆住”，使用不可数名词shock/terror/horror作介词with的宾语，根据carried可知句子是一般过去时，故which引导的定语从句也用一般过去时，故填①ears；②straining；③froze；④me⑤with；⑥shock/terror/ horror。
VIII. 读后续写(满分15分)
86. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a bright May afternoon along the Maryland coast, and Jonathan Bauer, 51, an expert doctor at a hospital, and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava were were driving with the windows down as they headed home on the 1.4-mile-long, two-lane Route 90 bridge, which stretches across the shallow waters of Assa-woman Bay. Suddenly, the calm was disturbed by the squeal of tires.
Not far ahead of them, a black pickup truck was sliding from one lane to the other. To the Bauers’ horror, it ran into a concrete barrier, turned over the SUV directly ahead of them, and came to rest hanging over the railing (栏杆) of the bridge. Bauer hit the brakes in time to avoid the vehicles in his path.
“Ava, are you OK?” he asked after stopping the car. She was shaken, but otherwise unhurt. And then a scream. It came from the pickup, which had come to rest on its right side. The back passenger compartment (车厢) and truck bed hung out past the guardrail, 30 or more feet above the waters of the bay. The driver’s door threw open and a man climbed out. He dropped to the ground, and then ran to the railing. Bauer ran up beside him. The man pointed down, saying something in Spanish. In the water was a car seat. Bobbing (颠簸) next to it was a girl, about two years old, pink dotted dress, brown hair, brown eyes, terrified, floating on her back, kicking and splashing and screaming.
From around the truck, more screaming came from its other passengers who had gotten off the truck and were looking down into the water.
The situation quickly went from bad to frightening when the baby girl rolled over onto her stomach. Bauer waited for the pickup driver to do something, but he didn’t move. Maybe he was in shock. “Ava!” Bauer shouted, bending to remove his shoes. “Stay by the car!”
注意：1. 续写次数为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
He climbed onto the railing and jumped into the water without hesitation.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Her eyes opened now, focused on him, and he could hear ambulance coming this way. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
He climbed onto the railing and jumped into the water without hesitation. Seeing the little girl floating on her chest ten feet away, Bauer swam to her with all his strength and lifted her out of the water swiftly. However, the toddler’s critical condition had Bauer’s heart in his mouth, heartbeat racing wildly. In no time he collected himself as a professional to offer timely assistance standing straight, lying her against his shoulder and hitting hard at her back with the flat of his hand. With another hit on the back and retches followed by a breath, Bauer sensed the beautiful feeling of little fingers holding him around the neck.
Paragraph 2:
Her eyes opened now, focused on him, and he could hear ambulance coming this way. Minutes later, much to everyone’s relief, the girl was rushed to hospital in an ambulance, and Bauer breathed a sigh of relaxation ultimately and hugged his own daughter on the bridge, with his eyes glittering in the sun. Soon they were informed gratefully the toddler suffered a broken shoulder but was otherwise uninjured. Hearing the inspiring news, Ava was on nine cloud with thrill and felt proud of her father, without whose immediate leap, that little girl would not live a whole life. Added to the excitement and inspired by his actions, she made up her mind to save lives when she grew up.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个明媚的春天下午，51岁的乔纳森·鲍尔和他13岁的女儿艾娃开车回家，突然，轮胎的巨响打破了平静。一辆黑色皮卡撞上了一个混凝土护栏，鲍尔及时刹车，但仍然引发一连串事故。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他爬上栏杆，毫不犹豫地跳进了水里”可知，第一段可描写鲍尔救小女孩的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“她的眼睛睁开了，专注地看着他，他可以听到救护车朝这边开过来”可知，第二段可描写女孩被送往医院，为父亲感到骄傲。
2.续写线索：从水中救出女孩——对女孩进行急救措施——女孩眼睛睁开了——救护车来了——女孩被送到医院——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看见：see/spot
②举起：lift/raise
③感受：sense/feel
情绪类
①疯狂地：wildly /crazily
②令人鼓舞的：inspiring /encouraging
【点睛】[高分句型1] Seeing the little girl floating on her chest ten feet away, Bauer swam to her with all his strength and lifted her out of the water swiftly. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Hearing the inspiring news, Ava was on nine cloud with thrill and felt proud of her father, without whose immediate leap, that little girl would not live a whole life. (运用了介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句)
2022学年第二学期宁波市效实中学
高二英语期中试卷
(说明：本卷满分为100分，考试时间为120分钟。所有试题必须答在答题卷上，否则无效。)
I. 听力(共两节，满分10分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题0.5分，满分2.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the girl like about her parents?
A. They are caring. B. They are rich. C. They are powerful.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: We can’t afford to give you a lot of money because we don’t have high-paying jobs, but you must always know that your mother and I are very caring when it comes to helping you.
W: I know — and that is what I like about you.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much does the keyboard cost now?
A. $50. B. $40. C. $20.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Pardon me, what is the price of this keyboard? Is it on sale?
M: It is usually fifty dollars, but it is twenty percent off until the 15th of this month.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the boy refuse the girl’s offer?
A. He has a doctor’s appointment.
B. He has gone to the beach earlier.
C. He needs to go to see his family.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I have to go to the doctor’s office right after school. If you want to go to the beach when I’m done, we can meet up there later.
M: I have to go to dinner with my parents later. Sorry.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers doing?
A. Making dinner. B. Shopping for a party. C. Ordering some food.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What are you going to order? I’m thinking of getting the noodles.
W: Why not try something else? Their Italian dishes are good. For myself, I haven’t decided.
M: I had one of those yesterday. Let’s split a medium pizza and a large salad then.
5. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to know?
A. The meaning of some expressions.
B. The recipe for some desserts.
C. The solutions to some problems.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Can you tell me the meaning of “piece of cake”? What about “easy as pie”?
W: Neither is about dessert. They are similar in meaning to “no problem”.
M: Well, have you ever made a pie? There is nothing easy about it.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题0.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the man’s advice on the woman’s trip?
A. She should also check out Venice.
B. She should only stay in Rome.
C. She really should go to Pisa.
7. How much vacation time will the woman probably spend in Rome?
A. Two days. B. Five days. C. Seven days.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: What will you do while you’re in Rome?
W: I’d like to visit the Colosseum and the Trevi Fountain.
M: Anything else?
W: Well, also that tower that leans to the side.
M: You mean the Leaning Tower of Pisa?
W: Yes.
M: Well, that isn’t in Rome. It’s in a town called Pisa. If you’re going to travel anywhere outside of Rome, I suggest Venice instead. You’d like it a lot because you can travel around in boats there.
W: I’m only in the country for a week, though. Would I have time to get to Venice?
M: I think you could spend two days in Venice and the rest in Rome.
W: Great! I’ll do that.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. At home. C. At an office.
9. What is the woman most worried about?
A. Missing the snacks.
B. Failing to finish her report.
C. Leaving a bad impression on the man’s parents.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: When will you be finished with your work?
W: Give me another hour, please. I just have to write an environmental report before tomorrow.
M: That’s fine. Our dinner reservation isn’t until 8:00. It’s only 5:45 now. We can leave the apartment at 7:15. Is that enough time for you to get yourself ready?
W: Yes, definitely. I don’t want to keep your parents waiting, either, so I’ll try to hurry up.
M: Don’t worry. They can order snacks and drinks if we’re a bit late.
W: I don’t want to make them upset.
M: They understand how important it is to work. They’ll be impressed with your commitment. They’ll also be relieved that at least one of us is earning money, since my book hasn’t found a publisher yet!
W: Ha-ha! OK, Mike. Let me get this done. I can’t concentrate when you’re joking around.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How did the man feel when he went back to his hometown?
A. Bored. B. Awkward. C. Excited.
11. Where does the man live now?
A. In France. B. In England. C. In Germany.
12. What does the man decide to do at last?
A. Visit his family.
B. Go back home and get a job.
C. Keep in touch with his friends more often.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: How was your trip back home, Michael?
M: It was good. It was fun, and it was…a bit strange, also.
W: What do you mean? I thought you were born in Germany.
M: Actually, I was born in France. My family moved to Germany when I was five, so that’s why I call it home.
W: I see. So what was so strange about it?
M: It’s hard to explain. I mean, I’ve only been living here in England for a few years, but I didn’t realize how long it’s actually been until I saw all my old friends.
W: Were they different?
M: No, it was me who was different. I expected it to feel like I had never left, but everything felt so unfamiliar to me…like…what is that saying?
W: Like a fish out of water?
M: That’s it. Anyway, I promised to stay more in touch with my friends and learn about their lives.
W: Do you think you will ever go back there to work?
M: I don’t think so. England is my home now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teammates.
14. What is the girl afraid of?
A. Failing the test.
B. Missing some classes.
C. Losing a game.
15. What game wouldn’t the boy like to play anymore?
A. Soccer. B. Baseball. C. Basketball.
16. Where is the library?
A. On the third floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the first floor.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Our biology test is going to be so hard. I failed last week’s test and I’m so afraid of doing the same for this one. I’m going to have to study for hours this week! I’ll never make it to basketball practice.
W: I did well on the last test, so I know I’ll do well on this week’s too. But my soccer team just made it to the final game. I need to practice! If I don’t practice, I could be the reason we don’t win! It’s like when you play baseball in the spring, you guys are always winning and you never have time to study!
M: Yeah, we’re actually really good, but I don’t want to play anymore. The practice takes up too much time, and it’s no longer fun. Besides, my grades are more important to me. Since you can’t study after school, would you want to study together during lunch? There’s an empty classroom on the first floor.
W: Why not study in the library? There are big tables we can use and it’s in the same building. Just two floors above.
M: The library is too busy. Even though it’s quiet, there are too many people. But I just remembered there are study rooms on the second floor. Let’s go there instead.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Why will Mr. Jenkins leave?
A. He is sick.
B. He has found a new job.
C. He will take care of a family member.
18. When will Mr. Jenkins leave?
A At the end of the week.
B. At the end of the month.
C. At the end of the semester.
19. What will the school do to thank Mr. Jenkins?
A. Hold a party for him.
B. Send him on a vacation.
C. Name something after him.
20. Who is Mr. Ryan?
A. A teacher. B. An athlete. C. A basketball coach.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Good morning, students. We have an important announcement to make this morning. Mr. Jenkins, your physical education teacher, will be leaving us after 25 years at Evergreen High School. Together, we have shared many great memories here, and he is a big part of our school’s history. He led the boys’ basketball team to a championship the last two years and has also helped out with other sports programs. Although we are sad to see him go, we are happy for him, too. He has been a fantastic coach, a teacher, and more importantly, a good friend. He has told us that this decision has been very hard for him. However, his mother has become ill, and it is the right decision for his family. Unfortunately, Mr. Jenkins will not be able to end the year with us, as he is traveling back to his hometown this Friday. This means we won’t have time for a proper goodbye celebration, but we hope you will all visit him before he leaves. And finally, to show respect for our good friend, we will be naming the gymnasium “Jenkins’ Gym” at the end of the month. Taking over his duties until summer vacation will be our math teacher, Mr. Ryan. We also have a goodbye card you can sign at the office. Thank you for your attention and have a good day.
II. 阅读理解(共两节;满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As lockdown starts to slowly lift, it's such a treat to be able to travel around the appealing coastline or book holidays in the UK again.
■Camber Sands
The impressive dunes（沙丘）system that makes Camber Sands the south coast's most Arabian-looking beach destination is fled with wonders. A number of “desert” films were shot here, including Cary On Follow That Camel.
Getting there: one hour 40 minutes by train from London St Pancras International to Rye, with a change at Ashford and a short bus ride to the beach; about two hours by car.
■Tankerton Beach
Tankerton Beach offers lovely views. When you've had your fill of beach time, it's time for a bellyful of the town's native oysters（牡蛎）; head for Harbour Street and High Street for a fantastic selection of places to try them.
Getting there: one hour 20 minutes by train from London Victoria; about one hour 40 minutes by car.
■West Wittering
A huge Blue Flag beach makes this West Wittering one of the south coast's finest for all kinds of beach activities. You can get involved in sunbathing and safe swimming (lifeguards patrol（巡逻） here in the summer months), go rock-pooling or just explore the ecology of the beach.
Getting there: one hour 30 minutes by train from London Victoria to Chichester, plus a bus ride to the beach; about two hours by car.
■Dungeness
Rediscover your childhood on a steam railway, explore strange World War I radar devices and discover old railroad car in this most magic place of Dungeness. There's some wonderful landscaping to enjoy, especially filmmaker Derek Jarman's separated home and garden.
Getting there: one hour by train from London St Pancras International to Folk stone, with a one hour 30 minute bus ride to Dungeness; about two hours by car.
21. What is the advantage of travelling to Tankerton Beach in transportation?
A. It takes the shortest time by car.
B. It offers lovely views on the way.
C. A short bus ride is also available.
D. You can get there with a change.
22. What can you do in West Wittering?
A. Surf with friends.
B. Taste delicious seafoods.
C. Swim with lifeguards.
D. Explore water between rocks.
23. If you are a movie fan of Derek Jarman, which place will you choose?
A. Camber Sands. B. Tankerton Beach.
C. West Wittering. D. Dungeness.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四处海边度假地点及前往那里需要乘坐的交通工具和所需要的时间。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Camber Sands部分第二段最后一句中的“about two hours by car”（开车大约两个小时）, Tankerton Beach部分第二段最后一句中的“about one hour 40 minutes by car”（开车大约1小时40分钟）, West Wittering部分第二段最后一句中的“about two hours by car”（开车大约两个小时）以及Dungeness部分第二段最后一句中的“about two hours by car”（开车大约两个小时）可知，Tankert on Beach在交通方面的优势是开车前往那里所需要的时间最短。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据West Wittering部分第一段最后一句中的“go rock-pooling or just explore the ecology of the beach”（去岩石池或者只是探索海滩的生态）可知，在West Wittering你可以在岩石之间的潮水潭探险。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dungeness部分第一段第二句“There's some wonderful landscaping to enjoy, especially filmmaker Derek Jarman's separated home and garden.”（这里有一些美妙的景观可以欣赏，尤其是电影制作人德里克·贾曼(Derek Jarman)的独立住宅和花园）可知，如果你是Derek Jarman的影迷，你可以去Dungeness，故选D。
B
As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.
Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi consolidated (巩固) her dream of fighting the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy (理念) into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
24. How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her?
A. They made her decide to leave the country.
B. They helped her better understand her father.
C. They aroused her enthusiasm for helping others.
D. They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
25. What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland?
A. Low rainfall. B. Soil pollution. C. Cold weather. D. Forest damage.
26. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia?
A. To create job opportunities for young people.
B. To help the children obtain a basic education.
C. To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D. To promote the protection of their farmland.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Saving Water in Tunisia B. Holding back the Sahara
C. Planting Trees of Native Species D. Fighting Poverty in North Africa
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公图米在假期陪伴父亲回突尼斯东部的出生地后，激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了Acacias for All项目，种植金合欢树，保护当地农田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，实践其可持续农业的理念。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. (从9岁起，她就开始在假期陪伴她来自于突尼斯的父亲去突尼斯东部的出生地，这激发了她帮助他人的热情。)”可知，图米去突尼斯度假的经历唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业土地受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯农田沙漠化的主要原因。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy (理念) into action. (她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一个名为Acacias for All的项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸行动。)”，最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金金合欢。)”可知，她创立Acacias for All项目的目的是保护当地的农田。故选D项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金合槐。)”可知，文章讲述的是主人公图米在9岁时，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家乡时激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了Acacias for All项目，种植金合欢树，改善保护当地农田，坚持与沙漠化作斗争，实践其可持续农业的理念。B选项“Holding back the Sahara (阻挡撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章标题。故选B。
C
LOVE it or hate it, there is no escape from Internet slang.
This is especially true among young people in some English-speaking countries such as Australia, the UK, and the US. These days, if they haven’t caught up with the latest popular Internet slang, chances are that they often feel out of the loop on social media.
Take these posts by The Washington Post for example: “David Bowie dying is totes tradge” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal, it made me totes emosh”. What on earth do these mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of the adverb “totally”. Likewise, “tradge” means “tragic” and “emosh” means “emotional”.
It seems that, for millennials (those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s), typing in this abbreviated form is not only time-saving but also hip. Many millennial slang words are formed by what linguists call the practice of totesing — the systematic abbreviation of words, according to a recent article in The Washington Post.
Some people think that millennial slang affects the English language negatively. However, Melbourne University linguist Rosey Billington doesn’t agree.
“When you are able to use language in a creative way, you show you are linguistically knowledgeable because you know the language rules well enough to use words in a different way,” Billington told News.com.au. Her view is backed up by two linguists, Lauren Spradlin, and Taylor Jones, from the City University of New York and the University of Pennsylvania respectively. The two believe that totes-speak is a highly-organized system that can only be used by speakers who have mastered English pronunciation.
“The ability to break apart syllables and mix different sounds together is key. Totesing is about sounds, and it follows the sometimes complicated sound system of English,” Jones told The Washington Post. Totesing is not random. On the contrary, it has strict rules to follow. You need to be very fluent in the English language to be able to understand totes-speak.
28. The underlined phrase “out of the loop” in the second paragraph probably means________.
A. accepted easily B. bored and annoyed
C. comfortable and relaxed D. unaware of certain information
29. How does the author explain the phenomenon of totesing?
A. By making comparisons. B. By listing examples.
C. By giving descriptions. D. By analyzing cause and effect.
30. What is Lauren Spradlin’s attitude toward the practice of totesing?
A. Worried. B. Cautious. C. Positive. D. Critical.
31. Which of the following might Taylor Jones agree with?
A. Internet slang is mostly created by professional linguists.
B. Totesing is mainly about making words easier to pronounce.
C. Totesing should be promoted since it is cool, creative, and time-saving.
D. Totesing requires speakers to master the language’s rules very well.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。网络俚语很受欢迎，《华盛顿邮报》最近的一篇文章指出，许多千禧一代的俚语词汇都是由语言学家所说的“totesing”行为形成的，这是词汇的系统性缩写。有些人认为千禧一代俚语对英语有负面影响，然而一些语言学家却不这么认为。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“LOVE it or hate it, there is no escape from Internet slang.(爱也好，恨也罢，网络俚语无处不在)”及“These days, if they haven’t caught up with the latest popular Internet slang(如今，如果他们还没有跟上最新流行的网络俚语)”可知，网络俚语很流行，如果他们还没有跟上最新流行的网络俚语，他们很可能会觉得自己不知道社交媒体上的信息。由此推知，划线短语的意思是“不知道某些信息”。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Take these posts by The Washington Post for example: “David Bowie dying is totes tradge” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal it made me totes emosh.”What on earth do these mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of the adverb “totally”. Likewise, “tradge” means “tragic” and “emosh” means “emotional”.(以《华盛顿邮报》的这些帖子为例：“ david bowie 的死就是 totes tradge”和“ Cookie 拥抱 jamal 让我感到 totes emosh”这到底是什么意思？” “totes”是副词“total”的缩写形式。同样，“tradge”表示“悲剧”，“emosh”表示“情绪化”)”可知，作者是通过实例来解释totesing的现象的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Her view is backed up by two linguists, Lauren Spradlin and Taylor Jones, from the City University of New York and the University of Pennsylvania respectively. The two believe that totes-speak is a highly-organized system that can only be used by speakers who have mastered English pronunciation.(她的观点得到了纽约城市大学和宾夕法尼亚大学两位语言学家Lauren Spradlin和Taylor Jones的支持。两人认为，totes speak是一个高度组织的系统，只有掌握了英语发音的人才能使用)”可推知，Lauren Spradlin对于Totesing是积极的态度。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Totesing is about sounds, and it follows the sometimes-complicated sound system of English,” Jones told The Washington Post. “Totesing is not random. On the contrary, it has strict rules to follow. You need to be very fluent in the English language to be able to understand totes-speak.”(Jones告诉《华盛顿邮报》：“Totesing是关于声音的，它遵循的是很复杂的英语声音系统。Totesing不是随机的。相反，它有严格的规则要遵守。你需要非常流利的英语，才能理解他们的语言)”可推知，Totesing要求使用者很好地掌握这门语言的规则。故选D项。
D
Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region’s ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization shared similarities with the Maya.
The Sanxingdui ruins belonging to the Shu Kingdom existed at least 4, 800 years ago, and lasted more than 2, 000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city-states around 200 AD. Despite the differences in ages, the bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolized the union of heaven, earth, and the underworld in the Mayan civilization. “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist (考古学家) stressing that the representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar.
While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings show the closeness between the two civilizations. They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their world view through related symbols. “In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space. What we have is that at this latitude (纬度) both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon,” the expert says.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains. Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
“Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is of vital importance,” says Santos.
32. What is the similarity between the Shu Kingdom and the Maya civilization?
A. Their starting time. B. Their historical origins.
C. Their cultural symbols. D. Their ceremony traditions.
33. What have the findings at the Sanxingdui ruins proved?
A. Silk was a common clothing material then.
B. Human cultures shared similarities free from time and space.
C. There were bronze-made trees in ancient Maya.
D. The Shu Kingdom and the Mayan world had close contact.
34. What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins?
A. Wet weather. B. Positioning of ruins. C. High latitude. D. Language barriers.
35. What is the focus of Santos’ quote in the last paragraph?
A. The future of China-Mexico cooperation.
B. The benefits of speaking a different language.
C. The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D. The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍关于三星堆遗址的考古发现。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist (考古学家) stressing that the representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar.(“它们有非常重要的相似之处，”墨西哥考古学家桑托斯说，并强调“两种文化中对树木的描绘提供了一种非常相似的象征意义”)”可知，古蜀文明与玛雅文明相似之处在于他们的文化象征。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings show the closeness between the two civilizations. They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their world view through related symbols. “In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space. What we have is that at this latitude (纬度) both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon,” the expert says.( 虽然蜀国和玛雅文化之间的时间跨度很大，但这些发现显示了两个文明之间的密切关系。他们在气候相似的地区发展，并通过相关的符号反映出他们的世界观。专家说：“最终，人还是人，独立于时间和空间。我们所知道的是，在这个纬度，蜀地人和玛雅人看的是同一片天空，地平线上的星星也是一样的。”)”可知，三星堆遗址的发现证明了人类文化具有不受时间和空间限制的相似性。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.(中国和墨西哥考古学家之间的合作可能有利于玛雅世界的项目，那里多雨的气候和湿度对遗址的保护是一个问题)”可知，这两个遗址的保护面临的共同挑战是潮湿天气。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental,” says Santos.(桑托斯说：“每当我们的文化知识增加时，无论我们说的是一种语言还是另一种语言，它都向我们表明，我们仍然是姐妹文化，因此，此类知识的交流是基础。”)”可推断，在最后一段中桑托斯引用的重点是说明文化知识交流的重要性。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. ____36____However, crying is a fact of life, and tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, your eyes produce tears. These create a film (薄膜) over the eye’s surface. This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection.
Tears reduce stress, but we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. “____37____ They’re afraid that once they lose control, they’ll never get it back,” explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe.
Almost any emotion—good or bad, happy or sad—can cause tears. ____38____ Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who cry more freely.
When some people become very stressed, however, they can’t cry. They may be feeling shock, anger, fear or grief, but they control the emotion. “Everyone has the need to cry,” says psychotherapist (精神治疗医师) Vera Diamond. ____39____ They practice crying so that they can get used to expressing emotion.
____40____ It’s good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. “But once you are safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry,” Diamond says. She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “once your tears have released the stress, you can begin to think of logical ways to deal with the problem.”
Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should never be afraid to cry.
A. People worry about showing their emotions.
B. The more you cry, the healthier you will become.
C. Crying is a way that we release built-up emotions.
D. Sometimes patients participate in crying exercises.
E. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy.
F. In certain situation, such as at work, tears are not appropriate.
G. Many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了流泪的好处。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose.(眼泪会破坏化妆，让谈话停止，让你流鼻涕)”可知，本句继续说明眼泪带给人的负面影响，E选项They指代Tears。故E选项“它们会让你感到尴尬，没有活力”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据后文“They’re afraid that once they lose control, they’ll never get it back(他们害怕一旦失去控制，就再也回不来了)”可知，本句主要是在说明人们因为担心表达自己的情绪，克制不哭的情况。故A选项“人们担心表达自己的情绪”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Almost any emotion—good or bad, happy or sad—can cause tears.(几乎任何情绪——好或坏，快乐或悲伤——都会让人流泪)”以及后文“Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who cry more freely.(当你因为非常强烈的感情而感到自己快要爆发时，眼泪会帮助你。这也许可以解释为什么害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病)”可知，后文提到害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病，以及眼泪会帮助你释放情绪，故C选项“哭泣是我们释放累积情绪的一种方式”符合语境，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据后文“They practice crying so that they can get used to expressing emotion.(他们练习哭泣，这样他们就能习惯表达情感)”可知，本句是在说明后文的They指代的是谁， 结合上文提到了精神治疗医师，可知是病人，故D选项“有时病人会参加哭泣练习”符合语境，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据后文“It’s good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. “But once you are safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry,” Diamond says. She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “once your tears have released the stress, you can begin to think of logical ways to deal with the problem.”(在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事。戴蒙德说：“但一旦你安全地关起门来，不要只是哭。”她建议你把整个情况再演一遍，随心所欲地吵闹和生气。这会让你感觉好一些。“而且，”她补充说，“一旦你的眼泪释放了压力，你就可以开始思考合理的方法来处理这个问题。”)”可知，后文提到在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事，说明在工作中，流泪是不合适的。故F选项“在某些情况下，比如在工作中，流泪是不合适的”符合语境，故选F。
III. 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
When I got my first smartphone, I loved it.It gave me instant ___41___ to my music, thousands of photos and videos and a(n) ___42___ of information. But over time, my feelings became controversial. I would repeatedly ___43___ my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and ___44___ click on links to websites. I’d often ___45___ to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
So I began to research studies on the mental health effects of smartphone use. I ___46___ that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality. Unsurprisingly, they also impact your ability to ___47___ and to remain in the present moment with your kids.
___48___, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted (分心) by dings and pings. He finally related to my complaints about my smartphone: “Mommy, just ___49___, please!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey — no ___50___at all — I bought a flip phone (翻盖手机) and cell plan for $30 a month. With no touch screen, texting is ___51___. I can’t access email, music or social media and don’t even try browsing the web without a touch screen. While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing, it’s ___52___ than I thought it would be and the benefits are worth it. Now when I’m playing with my son, I can see the positive effect ___53___ his smiles. And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the ___54___, I light candles, grab a book and ___55___ the atmosphere of the room I’m in.
41. A. solution B. response C. access D. reaction
42. A. world B. form C. exchange D. piece
43. A. receive B. write C. answer D. refresh
44. A. skillfully B. occasionally C. hurriedly D. constantly
45. A. talk B. complain C. prove D. return
46. A. predicted B. discovered C. considered D. claimed
47. A. email B. reply C. smile D. parent
48. A. Hence B. However C. Then D. Still
49. A. take it back B. give it up C. break it down D. sort it out
50. A. charge B. money C. cellphone D. plan
51. A. heart-breaking B. time-consuming C. eye-opening D. energy-saving
52. A. easier B. cooler C. stricter D. longer
53. A. in B. of C. on D. with
54. A. face B. bed C. screen D. book
55. A. create B. lighten C. change D. enjoy
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者发现自己沉迷于手机，于是调整适用翻盖手机，最终作者适应了没有智能手机的生活，开始和家人专心相处。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. solution解决方案；B. response回答；C. access入口；D. reaction反应。根据后文“to my music, thousands of photos and videos”指可以访问音乐、照片和视频，应用access to。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. world世界；B. form表格；C. exchange交换；D. piece片。根据后文“of information”可知手机让作者可以进入一个信息的世界。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. receive收到；B. write写；C. answer回答；D. refresh使恢复精神，刷新。根据后文“my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need”指反复刷新电子邮件，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. skillfully巧妙地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. constantly不断地。根据后文“click on links to websites”可知此处是在说明手机带来的问题，让作者反复刷新电子邮件、在网上购买不需要的东西以及不断点击网站链接。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常向我的丈夫和我7岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。A. talk谈话；B. complain抱怨；C. prove证明；D. return返回。根据后文“that I felt trapped by it”可知作者在抱怨被手机困住了。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。A. predicted预测；B. discovered发现；C. considered考虑；D. claimed声称。根据后文“that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality”可知，作者发现了智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，它们也会影响你为人父母的能力，影响你和孩子呆在当下的能力。A. email邮件；B. reply回答；C. smile微笑；D. parent父亲（或母亲），为人父母。根据后文“remain in the present moment with your kids”可知手机影响了为人父母的能力，故选D。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年夏天的一天，当我和路易斯玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮叮的声音分散了注意力。A. Hence因此；B. However然而；C. Then然后；D. Still仍然。作者和儿子玩耍是之后发生的事情，then符合语境。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最后谈到了我对智能手机的抱怨：“妈妈，拜托你放弃使用手机吧!”A. take it back拿回来；B. give it up放弃；C. break it down出故障；D. sort it out分类。上文提到作者被手机分散了注意力，所以儿子这里表示让作者放弃使用手机。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。A. charge电量；B. money钱；C. cellphone手机；D. plan计划。根据后文“I bought a flip phone and cell plan for $30 a month”可知，作者没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有触摸屏，发短信非常耗时。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. time-consuming耗时的；C. eye-opening大开眼界的；D. energy-saving节省能源的。根据上文“With no touch screen”可知，用翻盖手机发短信非常耗时。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比我想象的要容易得多，而且好处是值得的。A. easier更容易的；B. cooler更凉爽的；C. stricter更严格的；D. longer更长的。上文“While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing”中while引导让步状语从句，说明虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比想象的要容易得多，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在当我和儿子一起玩的时候，我能从他的微笑中看到积极的影响。A. in在里面；B. of属于；C. on在上面；D. with和。根据后文“his smiles”指在微笑中看到积极的影响，应用介词in。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. face脸；B. bed床；C. screen屏幕；D. book书籍。根据上文“And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the”以及作者适应了不适用智能机，所以不再盯着屏幕。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. create创造；B. lighten点亮；C. change改变；D. enjoy享受。根据后文“the atmosphere of the room I’m in”指享受房间的氛围，应用enjoy。故选D。
IV. 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people plan their trips to Canada in the middle of winter. The heavy snowfall in the months of January and February ____56____(attract) skiers and ice skaters. Some come for the fabulous ice hotel in Quebec, ____57____ others plan their trips to experience the winter festivals that are held in several major cities. But this year, Canada has promised year-round attractions, as the country celebrates ____58____(it) 150th anniversary as a nation.
Celebrations, which will begin on the first day of the year, will start with the country ____59____ (provide) free year-long unlimited passes to all of Canada’s national parks. Cities across the country will host events all year, making it a good year ____60____(visit) Canada besides the usual winter festivities. And the government is sponsoring several projects to give Canadians a voice and a sense of ____61____(proud) in their country. One example is the Red Couch Project. A red couch, ____62____(design) in Toronto, will travel across the continent. Citizens will be asked to sit on the couch and tell their stories. Videos will be posted online, enabling the world to track the couch as it is transported ____63____ land and water. It will end up in Vancouver, ____64____ there will be a huge parade. If you were ever going to visit Canada, now is _____65_____(definite) the time!
【答案】56. attracts
57. and##while
58. its 59. providing
60. to visit
61. pride 62. designed
63. by 64. where
65. definitely
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年，在加拿大庆祝建国150周年之际，加拿大承诺全年都有旅游景点。全国各地的城市全年都会举办各种活动，除了通常的冬季庆祝活动外，这是游览加拿大的好年头。
【56题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：1月和2月的大雪吸引了滑雪者和溜冰者。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The heavy snowfall，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填attracts。
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些人来魁北克的冰酒店，而另一些人则计划去体验几个主要城市举行的冬季节日。此处可用and连接并列句，表示并列关系，或用while表示前后对比。故填and /while。
【58题详解】
考查代词。句意：但今年，在加拿大庆祝建国150周年之际，加拿大承诺全年都有旅游景点。修饰名词anniversary，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：庆祝活动将于新年的第一天开始，国家将免费提供全年无限制的加拿大所有国家公园通行证。此处为with的复合结构，且country与provide构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填providing。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：全国各地的城市全年都会举办各种活动，除了通常的冬季庆祝活动外，这是游览加拿大的好年头。此处为make it+n.+不定式，it作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语，故填to visit。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：政府还赞助了几个项目，让加拿大人对自己的国家有发言权和自豪感。作介词的宾语，应用名词pride。故填pride。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在多伦多设计的一款红色沙发将穿越欧洲大陆。分析句子结构可知design与逻辑主语couch构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填designed。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：视频将被发布到网上，让全世界都能追踪到沙发通过陆路和水路运输的过程。表示“通过陆路和水路运输的过程”应用介词by。故填by。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最后将在温哥华举行盛大的游行。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Vancouver，从句缺少地点状语，故用where。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果你打算去加拿大旅游，现在绝对是时候了！修饰动词应用副词definitely，作状语。故填definitely。
V. 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
66. The sad news that their only son had died in the war________(投射) a shadow over the family. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】cast
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：他们唯一的儿子死于战争的不幸消息给这个家庭蒙上了一层阴影。根据同位语从句that their only son had died in the war可知，主句为陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，设空处为谓语动词，应用动词的过去式，“投射”表达为动词cast，其过去式为cast。此处考查动词cast a shadow over...，意为“给……笼罩上阴影”。故填cast。
67. Thanks to effective prevention, fewer people are ________(感染) with Covid-19. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】infected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的过去分词。句意：多亏了有效的预防措施，感染Covid-19的人数减少了。根据汉语提示及固定短语be infected with “感染上……”可知，空处应为过去分词infected。故填infected。
68. The lecture will offer you an ________(洞察) into the profound Chinese culture. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】insight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：讲座将使你深入了解博大精深的中国文化。根据汉语提示，以及上文不定冠词，可知应填单数名词insight，作宾语。故填insight。
69. We look forward to your generous support and active ________(参加). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】participation#involvement#engagement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们期待您的慷慨支持和积极参与。“参加”表达为名词participation或involvement或engagement，与support并列，作look forward to的宾语。故填participation/involvement/engagement
70. Dissatisfied with the food quality and poor service in the school ________(食堂), I’m writing to you in the hope that some effective measures can be taken to improve it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】canteen
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于对学校食堂的食物质量和糟糕的服务不满意，我写信给你，希望能采取一些有效的措施来改善它。根据汉语提示可知，canteen食堂，可数名词，此处表示特指，应用单数形式，在句中作介词in的宾语，故填canteen。
71. She is very ________(谦虚的) about her success.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】modest
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她对自己的成功很谦虚。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词modest“谦虚的”作表语。故填modest。
72. Moderate ________(暴露) to sunlight is believed to be beneficial to one’s health. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】exposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：适度暴露在阳光下被认为对健康有益。根据汉语提示可知应用名词exposure，作主语。故填exposure。
73. The ________(最精彩的部分) of the festival is that students will have an opportunity to make dishes and share them with each other. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】highlight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：节日的亮点是学生们将有机会制作菜肴并相互分享。“最精彩的部分”表达为名词highlight，作主语，谓语动词为is，故为单数形式。故填highlight。
74. I have to see the headmaster. It’s a matter of ________(紧急). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】urgency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我要见校长。这件事很紧急。根据汉语提示可知应填名词urgency，作宾语。故填urgency。
75. Jill was so excited to see her son return safe and sound that she ________(围住) her arms around him. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】wrapped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：吉尔看到儿子平安归来非常兴奋，她紧紧地搂住了他。根据汉语提示可知应用动词wrap，结合was可知为一般过去时。故填wrapped。
VI．词法句法(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
76. His speech was greeted with ________( thunder ) applause from the audience. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】thunderous
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的演讲受到听众雷鸣般的掌声欢迎。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“applause”，表示“雷鸣般的”，应为thunderous。故填thunderous。
77. Place your ________ (swell) hands under the cool water to alleviate the pain. （所给词适当形式填空）
【答案】swollen
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：把肿胀的手放在冷水下，以减轻疼痛。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应用形容词swollen，意为“肿胀的，肿起来的”，作前置定语，修饰名词hands。故填swollen。
78. He made it quite clear ________ he preferred to be left alone. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他说得很清楚，他宁愿一个人待着。此处考查句型make it clear that...，意为“明确表示，表明”，it为形式宾语，从句部分句意完整，that引导真正的宾语从句。故填that。
79. The get-together in the tea-house ________ (cancel) by the time we arrived. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】had been cancelled##had been canceled
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态。句意：我们到达时，茶馆的聚会已经取消了。根据时间状语by the time we arrived，主句动词发生在arrived之前，应用过去完成时，谓语动词cancel与主语The get-together之间为动宾关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been cancelled/had been canceled。
80. ________( perform ) CPR for a long time, the doctors snatched the patient from the jaws of death eventually. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Having performed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过长时间的心肺复苏术，医生们终于把病人从鬼门关里救了出来。分析句子结构可知perform 与逻辑主语doctors构成主动关系，且该动作发生在谓语动词snatched之前，应用完成式。故填Having performed。
VII. 根据中文意思完成下列句子。 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
81. 在下山的路上，老人被一块石头绊倒了，扭伤了脚踝。我和我女朋友帮助他站起来，但却发现他痛苦万分，不能行走。
On the way downhill, the old man stumbled over a rock and ________ ________ ________. My girlfriend and I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ but found him in alarming pain and unable to walk.
【答案】 ①. sprained ②. his ③. ankle ④. helped ⑤. him ⑥. to ⑦. his ⑧. feet
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语、时态。根据汉语提示和句意，第一句中设空处为“扭伤了脚踝”，表达为动词短语sprain his ankle，应与stumbled并列作谓语，故用一般过去时。第二句中设空处为“帮助他站起来”，表达为动词短语help him to his feet，也用一般过去时，故填：①sprained；②his；③ankle；④helped；⑤him；⑥to；⑦his；⑧feet。
82. 万一遇到严重的心脏病发，立即拨打急救电话，分秒必争!
In case of a severe heart attack, ________ ________ ________ ________ right away. ________ ________ ________!
【答案】 ①. call ②. an ③. emergency ④. number ⑤. Every ⑥. minute ⑦. counts
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“立即拨打急救电话”短语为call an emergency number，为肯定祈使句；表示“分秒必争！”翻译为Every minute counts。故填①call；②an；③emergency；④number；⑤Every；⑥minute；⑦counts。
83. 厌倦了这钢筋水泥造的摩天大楼，我坐上了一列开往阿尔山的火车，盼望着在静谧的树林里来一次惬意的徒步旅行。
Tired of the skyscrapers of steel and concrete, I boarded a train ________ ________ Arshaan, looking forward to ________ ________ ________ ________ in the tranquil forest.
【答案】 ①. heading ②. for ③. taking ④. a ⑤. pleasant ⑥. hike
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“开往”短语为head for，此处用现在分词作定语；表示“一次惬意的徒步旅行”短语为take a pleasant hike，作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填①heading；②for；③taking；④a；⑤pleasant；⑥hike。
84. 健康饮食的基本要诀是细嚼慢咽。这个不仅能让你的身体更好地消化食物，还能防止被食物噎住。
________ ________ ________ ________ healthy eating is to eat slowly. This can not only allow your body to digest your food better, but prevent you from ________ ________ the food.
【答案】 ① A##The ②. fundamental ③. key ④. to ⑤. choking ⑥. on
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语、动名词。根据汉语提示，第一句中缺“……的基本要诀”，“基本”表达为形容词fundamental，作定语修饰“要诀”，“要诀”表达为名词key，可用a或the修饰key，“……的要诀”应用介词to，后接宾语“健康饮食”，介词短语作key的后置定语，名词短语作主语。第二句考查动词短语prevent you from doing， 设空处缺“噎住”，应表达为动词choke on的动名词形式，作from的宾语。故填：①A/The；②fundamental；③key；④to；⑤choking；⑥on。
85. 我站着一动不动，竖起耳朵。又一声尖叫从黑暗的森林里传来，把我吓呆了。
I stood dead still, ________ ________. Another shrill cry carried through the dark forest, which ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 ①. ears ②. straining ③. froze ④. me ⑤. with ⑥. shock/terror/horror
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构和一般过去时。前两空表示“竖起耳朵”，“耳朵”使用名词复数ears，“竖起”使用动词strain，空前无连词，故空处用独立主格结构，ears和strain之间是主谓关系，应用“名词+现在分词”结构；后面四个空表示“把我吓呆了”，用动词短语freeze sb with...“因……而使某人呆住”，使用不可数名词shock/terror/horror作介词with的宾语，根据carried可知句子是一般过去时，故which引导的定语从句也用一般过去时，故填①ears；②straining；③froze；④me⑤with；⑥shock/terror/ horror。
VIII. 读后续写(满分15分)
86. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a bright May afternoon along the Maryland coast, and Jonathan Bauer, 51, an expert doctor at a hospital, and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava were were driving with the windows down as they headed home on the 1.4-mile-long, two-lane Route 90 bridge, which stretches across the shallow waters of Assa-woman Bay. Suddenly, the calm was disturbed by the squeal of tires.
Not far ahead of them, a black pickup truck was sliding from one lane to the other. To the Bauers’ horror, it ran into a concrete barrier, turned over the SUV directly ahead of them, and came to rest hanging over the railing (栏杆) of the bridge. Bauer hit the brakes in time to avoid the vehicles in his path.
“Ava, are you OK?” he asked after stopping the car. She was shaken, but otherwise unhurt. And then a scream. It came from the pickup, which had come to rest on its right side. The back passenger compartment (车厢) and truck bed hung out past the guardrail, 30 or more feet above the waters of the bay. The driver’s door threw open and a man climbed out. He dropped to the ground, and then ran to the railing. Bauer ran up beside him. The man pointed down, saying something in Spanish. In the water was a car seat. Bobbing (颠簸) next to it was a girl, about two years old, pink dotted dress, brown hair, brown eyes, terrified, floating on her back, kicking and splashing and screaming.
From around the truck, more screaming came from its other passengers who had gotten off the truck and were looking down into the water.
The situation quickly went from bad to frightening when the baby girl rolled over onto her stomach. Bauer waited for the pickup driver to do something, but he didn’t move. Maybe he was in shock. “Ava!” Bauer shouted, bending to remove his shoes. “Stay by the car!”
注意：1. 续写次数为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
He climbed onto the railing and jumped into the water without hesitation.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Her eyes opened now, focused on him, and he could hear ambulance coming this way. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
He climbed onto the railing and jumped into the water without hesitation. Seeing the little girl floating on her chest ten feet away, Bauer swam to her with all his strength and lifted her out of the water swiftly. However, the toddler’s critical condition had Bauer’s heart in his mouth, heartbeat racing wildly. In no time he collected himself as a professional to offer timely assistance standing straight, lying her against his shoulder and hitting hard at her back with the flat of his hand. With another hit on the back and retches followed by a breath, Bauer sensed the beautiful feeling of little fingers holding him around the neck.
Paragraph 2:
Her eyes opened now, focused on him, and he could hear ambulance coming this way. Minutes later, much to everyone’s relief, the girl was rushed to hospital in an ambulance, and Bauer breathed a sigh of relaxation ultimately and hugged his own daughter on the bridge, with his eyes glittering in the sun. Soon they were informed gratefully the toddler suffered a broken shoulder but was otherwise uninjured. Hearing the inspiring news, Ava was on nine cloud with thrill and felt proud of her father, without whose immediate leap, that little girl would not live a whole life. Added to the excitement and inspired by his actions, she made up her mind to save lives when she grew up.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个明媚的春天下午，51岁的乔纳森·鲍尔和他13岁的女儿艾娃开车回家，突然，轮胎的巨响打破了平静。一辆黑色皮卡撞上了一个混凝土护栏，鲍尔及时刹车，但仍然引发一连串事故。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他爬上栏杆，毫不犹豫地跳进了水里”可知，第一段可描写鲍尔救小女孩的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“她的眼睛睁开了，专注地看着他，他可以听到救护车朝这边开过来”可知，第二段可描写女孩被送往医院，为父亲感到骄傲。
2.续写线索：从水中救出女孩——对女孩进行急救措施——女孩眼睛睁开了——救护车来了——女孩被送到医院——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看见：see/spot
②举起：lift/raise
③感受：sense/feel
情绪类
①疯狂地：wildly /crazily
②令人鼓舞的：inspiring /encouraging
【点睛】[高分句型1] Seeing the little girl floating on her chest ten feet away, Bauer swam to her with all his strength and lifted her out of the water swiftly. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Hearing the inspiring news, Ava was on nine cloud with thrill and felt proud of her father, without whose immediate leap, that little girl would not live a whole life. (运用了介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句)
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