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高二年级上学期期末考试
英语试卷
(本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
选择题部分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How long will the charity party last?
A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Four hours.
2. How is the weather now?
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy C. Sunny.
3. Which is the best way for the man to get to the airport?
A. Getting a taxi. B. Taking the subway. C. Catching a bus.
4. What did Mary do last night?
A. She went out late. B. She held a fancy dress party. C. She didn’t return home.
5. What are the speakers discussing?
A A TV programme. B. The president. C. A national holiday
第二节共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6. What did the woman’s father do in China?
A. A teacher. B. A businessman. C. A traveller.
7. How old was the woman when she left Beijing?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Thirteen.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old schoolmates. B. Former colleagues. C. Salesman and customer.
9. Why does the man come to New York?
A. To work. B. To take a holiday. C. To meet the woman.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. See a customer. B. Go to a cafe. C. Invite the man for lunch.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What color skirt does the man suggest the woman buy at first?
A. White. B. Black. C. Brown.
12. What does the woman think of the skirt with letters?
A. The color looks boring. B. The price is a little high. C. The style is a bit outdated.
13. What do we know about the woman?
A. She chooses a spotted skirt in black.
B. She buys a flowered skirt in a large size.
C. She will come to the store again tomorrow.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does the man kill time?
A. By eating potato chips. B. By watching TV. C. By taking a walk.
15. What does the woman dislike?
A. The square. B. The parks. C. The city.
16. What does the man think is the most important?
A. Entertainment. B. Income C. Quietness.
17. What do the speakers disagree on?
A. Whether the city needs a symbol.
B. Whether the amusement park should be built.
C. Whether the square is a good place for a walk.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is Pierre?
A. A doctor from Senegal. B. A university researcher. C. A United Nations official.
19. What does Pierre mainly talk about?
A. Food supplies in the world. B. The role that the UN plays. C. The purpose of his study.
20. What is the expected outcome of Pierre’s work?
A. A new medicine. B. A new type of rice. C. A new farming method.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，每题2分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
EXPERIENCE COLUMBIA
HOT ATTRACTIONS
◆RIVERBANKS ZOO & GARDEN
It is home to more than 2,000 animals and one of the nation’s most beautiful botanical gardens. With more than 350 species from around the world, Riverbanks Zoo is one of the largest mid-sized zoos in the country.
Hours: 9:00a. m.—5:00p. m. daily.
Admission: Adults (13—61) $19. 95
Children (2—12) $16. 95
◆EDVENTURE
The South’s largest children’s museum has 300 exhibits to inspire children to experience the joy of learning. Where else but EdVenture can children drive a real fire truck, anchor the news or visit another country?
Hours: Monday—Sunday 9 am.—5 pm.
Admission: Members Free
Children and Adults: $11. 95
◆SOUTH CAROLINA STATE MUSEUM
The stories of South Carolina come alive through the exhibits and collections of the State Museum. Plus, a new 4-D theater provides popular movies that excite all ages. Museum members are invited to night-sky observing and more on Tuesday nights!
Hours: Mon. Wed.—Fri.: 10 am.—5 pm.
Tues.: 10 am.—10 pm.
Sat.: 10 am.—6 pm.
Sun.: Noon—5 pm.
Admission: Adults (13—61) $8. 95
Children (3—12): $6. 95
◆SALUDA SHOALS PARK
Saluda Shoals Park is a sensitive riverfront park that invites visitors to experience the treasures of the Saluda River through exceptional educational and cultural opportunities.
Fun-filled Family Activities Nightly! (except Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve and Christmas night)
Free for activities: apply with Holiday Lights admission ($20/car; $40/15-passenger vehicle; $ 60/bus).
1. How much should a young couple with a 2-year-old son pay to enjoy various plants and animals?
A. $24. 85. B. $ 39.9. C. $56.85. D. $ 35.85.
2. Which attraction best suits a child interested in broadcasting news?
A. The State Museum. B. EdVenture.
C. Saluda Shoals Park. D. Riverbanks Zoo & Garden.
3. Which of the following is available to all tourists in the State Museum?
A. Enjoying free family activities every night.
B. Visiting the exhibits on Sunday morning.
C. Having a fantastic 4-D visual feast.
D. Observing the amazing night sky on Tuesday nights.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四个哥伦比亚热门景点的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由RIVERBANKS ZOO & GARDEN中的“It is home to more than 2,000 animals and one of the nation’s most beautiful botanical gardens. (它是2000多种动物的家园，也是美国最美丽的植物园之一)”和“Admission: Adults (13—61) $19. 95 Children (2—12) $16. 95 (门票：成人（13-61）$19. 95 儿童（2-12岁）$16.95)”可知，欣赏各种植物和动物可以去RIVERBANKS ZOO & GARDEN，一对带着2岁儿子的年轻夫妇应该支付$19.95+$19.95+$16.95 =$56.85。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由EDVENTURE中的“Where else but EdVenture can children drive a real fire truck, anchor the news or visit another country? (除了EdVenture，孩子们还能在哪里开真正的消防车、播报新闻或访问其他国家)”可知，EdVenture最适合对广播新闻感兴趣的孩子。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由SOUTH CAROLINA STATE MUSEUM中的“Plus, a new 4-D theater provides popular movies that excite all ages. (此外，一家新的四维影院提供了老少皆宜的热门电影)”可知，在State Museum所有游客都可以享受美妙的四维视觉盛宴。故选C项。
B
For years, people have wondered whether there’s life on other planets. Scientists may now be closer than ever to answering that question.
Using powerful telescopes, a team of astronomers in South America discovered a new planet, called Proxima b. It circles a star named Proxima Centauri, in the same way Earth circles the sun. Proxima Centauri is the closest star to our solar system.
Scientists believe the new planet has a rocky surface and is similar in size to Earth. More importantly, they’ve determined that the distance between Proxima b and its “sun” gives the planet a similar temperature to Earth’s. This means it could have liquid water. The presence of water on a planet makes it possible for life to exist there. Scientists refer to planets like Proxima b as “Goldilocks planets” because they are not too hot or too cold, but just right to possibly support life.
Astronomers have found other Goldilocks planets in the past, but none are as close to Earth as Proxima b. Still, the new planet is 4.2 light years from Earth—that is about 25 trillion miles away.
Despite the long distance, astronomers hope to get a much better look at our new-found neighbor one day. But they’ll need to wait until more advanced telescopes are developed. They may also send a robotic spacecraft to investigate the planet.
4. Earth is to the sun what ______.
A. the solar system is to Proxima b
B. Proxima Centauri is to Proxima b
C. Proxima b is to the solar system
D. Proxima b is to Proxima Centauri
5. The writer introduces the new planet mainly by ______.
A. listing figures B. following the space order
C. making the comparisons D. giving examples
6. Planets like Proxima b are referred to as “Goldilocks planets” because of ______.
A. the presence of water B. their temperature
C. the life on them D. their size
7. We can infer from the last paragraph that ______.
A. astronomers have a long way to go to explore the new planet
B. exploring the new planet is just around the corner
C. the long distance will prevent astronomers from exploring the new planet
D. astronomers have got the whole picture of the new planet
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了天文学家发现了一颗新行星，有可能存在生命。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段前两句“Using powerful telescopes, a team of astronomers in South America discovered a new planet, called Proxima b. It circles a star named Proxima Centauri, in the same way Earth circles the sun. ”（南美的一组天文学家利用强大的望远镜发现了一颗被称为Proxima b的行星。它环绕一个名叫Proxima Centauri的恒星运动，就像地球环绕太阳运动一样）可知，地球和太阳的关系就像Proxima b和Proxima Centauri一样。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Scientists believe the new planet has a rocky surface and is similar in size to Earth.”（科学家认为这个新发现的行星有一个岩石表面，大小和地球类似）及第三段对该行星的描写可知，作者主要通过和地球对比的方式来介绍新行星的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Scientists refer to planets like Proxima b as “Goldilocks planets” because they are not too hot or too cold, but just right to possibly support life.”（科学家称Proxima b这样的行星为“古迪洛克行星”因为它们的气温不冷不热，有可能支持生命存在）可知，Proxima b这样的行星是适合生命存在的星球。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“But they’ll need to wait until more advanced telescopes are developed. ”（但是他们需要等待，直到研发出更先进的望远镜）可知，受限于目前的科技，对该行星的探索道阻且长。故选A项。
C
Smart carts (购物车) are shopping carts equipped with tablet computers and similar de-vices that help shoppers manage shopping lists, pay for items, and find products in the store. Manufacturers of smart cart technology produce accessory fittings (配件), and stores can use them to remake existing carts. It’s also possible to purchase new shopping carts with the smart technology installed.
The level of function available with a smart cart can vary. Some can be combined with cellphones or software programs to allow shoppers to create shopping lists and upload them to a cart. Internet-enabled smart carts may provide suggestions or tips for shoppers. Some can communicate with the systems to guide themselves around the store. Shoppers can ask the cart where to find items or have it organize a grocery list to make shopping easier. As a shop-per moves along the snack selling areas, for instance, the smart cart could flash a reminder that the customer often likes to buy a particular brand of potato chips.
In-store communication to allow customers to order items from different counters may al-so be available. On the contrary, a department can page a customer with the use of smart carts, The counters can send a message when the order is ready, which reduces time spent in line.
Smart cart technology can also enable the price checks and allows customers to pay for items through the cart, without having to go through a checkout line. As they add items to the cart, it updates the total, and the shopper can close out the visit at the end by telling the cart to automatically pay from a stored bank account or credit card. This application for smart carts can be important in busy stores where customers get impatient waiting in line to pay.
8. Why does the author think the introduced cart is a smart cart?
A. It is made to encourage shopping.
B. It is equipped with technology to manage shopping lists.
C. It is equipped with translation function.
D. It is designed to take the place of clerks.
9. What can be learned about the smart cart from the text?
A. It is smarter than humans.
B. It is helpful but rather expensive.
C. It only has a few simple skills.
D. It can help save much time.
10. In which section of a newspaper can we read the text?
A. Technology. B. Fashion.
C. Food. D. Advertisement.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. The design of smart carts
B. The influences of smart carts
C. The introduction to smart carts
D. The market demands for smart carts
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能购物车的各种功能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Smart carts (购物车) are shopping carts equipped with tablet computers and similar de-vices that help shoppers manage shopping lists, pay for items, and find products in the store.(智能购物车是装备有平板电脑和类似设备的购物车，帮助购物者管理购物清单，支付商品，并在商店中找到产品)”可知，智能购物车是装备有平板电脑和类似设备的购物，它配备了管理购物清单的技术。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“The counters can send a message when the order is ready, which reduces time spent in line.(计数器可以在订单准备好时发送消息，从而减少了排队时间)”最后一段“This application for smart carts can be important in busy stores where customers get impatient waiting in line to pay.(这个应用程序的智能推车可以在繁忙的商店中的重要客户得到不耐烦的排队等待付款)”可知，智能购物车有助于顾客减少排队付款的时间。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“The level of function available with a smart cart can vary. Some can be combined with cellphones or software programs to allow shoppers to create shopping lists and upload them to a cart. Internet-enabled smart carts may provide suggestions or tips for shoppers. Some can communicate with the systems to guide themselves around the store. (智能购物车的功能级别可能会有所不同。有些可以与手机或软件程序相结合，让购物者创建购物清单，并上传到购物车。网络智能购物车可以为购物者提供建议或提示。有些人可以和系统通信，在商店里引导他们自己)”可知，智能购物车充满技术含量，结合浏览全文可知，这篇文章应该来自报纸的科学技术方面的版面。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段“Smart carts (购物车) are shopping carts equipped with tablet computers and similar de-vices that help shoppers manage shopping lists, pay for items, and find products in the store. Manufacturers of smart cart technology produce accessory fittings (配件), and stores can use them to remake existing carts.(智能购物车是装备有平板电脑和类似设备购物车，帮助购物者管理购物清单，支付商品，并在商店中找到产品。智能手推车技术的制造商生产配件，商店可以用它们改造现有的手推车)”说明智能购物车的定义与生产，结合第二段至第五段介绍智能购物车的功能、优点和应用特点，说明本文主要是对智能购物车的介绍。The introduction to smart carts适合做本文最佳标题。故选C项。
D
A short cooking video posted by a netizen on TikTok has recently become a popular hit on the site. Bearing the tag “Chinese food”, the video not only showed off the chief’s superb skills in making Chinese dishes, but it also got netizens abroad wanting to get a taste of China’s unique food culture.
Although the video was nothing master-level, just a rather standard homemade fried potato dish, it received more than 200, 000 likes after only three days of posting. In addition to praising the chef, commenters wondered why such a simple Chinese dish could look like a fancy cuisine that had been made through tons of effort. “Even the most basic Chinese dish needs to have three elements: color, smell and taste. For example, color not only requires a chef to have sharp eyes, but also valuable experience,” said Wang, an experienced Chinese chef in Guangzhou.
Chinese cooking is not the only type of content covered by the tag. Other popular videos under the tag include “odd food” challenges, traditional Chinese dishes and Chinese snack tasting, the latter of which has become particularly popular among young omnivore vloggers (video bloggers) living in a world of continually expanding cultural globalization.
“I have been a fan of Chinese food ever since my Chinese friend cooked me di san xian at university. I was surprised by the dish’s taste and its look, which was very different from my home food, but felt it was very familiar to me because I noticed we share similar cooking skills,” said Bianca, an Italian Asian food fan.
“I started my channel by recording my roommate tasting my cooking. These videos got likes and comments gradually. Seeing some people commenting in German or English and saying ‘I want to try it’, I felt these videos can narrow the gap between the two cultures,” said Mr. Bear, a vlogger on Bilibili who promotes Chinese cooking.
12. What does the underlined word “omnivore” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. people eating meat. B. people eating diverse food.
C. people eating strange food. D. people eating vegetables.
13. How does Bianca find Chinese food?
A. common and dear. B. expensive and delicious.
C. similar and disconnected. D. special and familiar.
14. What do we know about Mr. Bear from the last paragraph?
A. He is an expert determined to become a Chinese chef.
B. The majority of his fans tasted the food he cooked.
C. His videos make a difference to cultural communication.
D. His roommate encouraged him to cook Chinese food.
15. The passage mainly tells us that_________.
A. Chinese cooking has become popular among young vloggers.
B. advanced technology plays a great part in modern society.
C. online videos can make young people internationally famous.
D. master-level Chinese dishes are attracting more foreign fans.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国烹饪在国内和国外的年轻人中广泛流行。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Other popular videos under the tag include “odd food” challenges, traditional Chinese dishes and Chinese snack tasting, the latter of which has become particularly popular among young(在标签下面其他受欢迎的视频包括“奇餐”挑战、中国传统菜肴和中国小吃品尝，后者在年轻的_____视频博主中特别流行)”可知，喜欢“奇餐”挑战、中国传统菜肴和中国小吃的年轻人应该是喜欢吃不同种类食物的人，他们喜欢尝试不同种类的食物，“People eating diverse food”意为“吃不同食物的人”，能够解释画线单词的意思。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I was surprised by the dish’s taste and its look, which was very different from my home food, but felt it was very familiar to me because I noticed we share similar cooking skills,” said Bianca, an Italian Asian food fan.(意大利亚洲美食迷Bianca说：“我对这道菜的味道和外观感到惊讶，这道菜与我家的菜大不相同，但我觉得这道菜很熟悉，因为我注意到我们有着相似的烹饪技巧。”)”可知，Bianca认为中国的地三鲜与他家的菜大不相同，但又觉得很熟悉，因为这和他们家乡的菜有相似的烹饪技巧，由此可知，Bianca觉得中国菜是特殊的和熟悉的。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Seeing some people commenting in German or English and saying ‘I want to try it’, I felt these videos can narrow the gap between the two cultures,” said Mr. Bear, a vlogger on Bilibili who promotes Chinese cooking.(“看到一些人用德语或英语评论说‘我想试试’，我觉得这些视频可以缩小两种文化之间的差距，”推广中国烹饪的哔哩哔哩博主Mr. Bear说)”可知，Mr. Bear的视频让外国人了解了中国美食，推广了中国烹饪，缩小了文化之间的差距，由此可知，从最后一段我们了解到Mr. Bear的视频对文化交流产生了影响。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第三段关键句“Other popular videos under the tag include “odd food” challenges, traditional Chinese dishes and Chinese snack tasting, the latter of which has become particularly popular among young omnivore vloggers (video bloggers) living in a world of continually expanding cultural globalization.(其他受欢迎的视频还包括“奇餐”挑战、中国传统菜肴和中国小吃品尝，后者在生活在文化全球化不断扩大的世界中的年轻的喜欢尝试不同食物的博主中尤其流行)”可知，本文通过制作中国菜的视频在网络上受到欢迎的例子告诉我们，中国烹饪在年轻的博主中很受欢迎。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education. ____16____. If you’re one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.
____17____. We take that knowledge later to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without education, that job will not be within easy reach. Knowledge leads to knowledge.
Though we are limited within the walls of the educational places, we openly explore other cultures of the world! ____18____. Other cultures have valuable things to share, enriching our own. Education also makes us want to travel and exchange with various cultures, getting more experience.
When there’s a decrease in the economy, those who attended college will be more likely to find a new job than those who only finished high school and have a limited skill set. The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn more money.
When you’re skillful and knowledgeable, you can get close to people of similar backgrounds and tastes. ____19____. Good networking can do much good to you in your later life.
____20____. You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what’s on sale in stores. An educated person doesn’t gossip (说闲话), having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.
A. A good education makes you a more interesting person.
B. We come to know that ours is not the only culture.
C. Therefore, they choose not to go to college.
D. It means a good education leads to excellent networking.
E. There is a very terrible side to earning a good education too.
F. Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge.
G. An education can lead to long-term financial success
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。一些高中生认为高等教育是没用的，因此他们选择不上大学。作者认为应该上大学接受良好教育并说明上大学的理由以及大学教育的好处。
【16题详解】
空格的上句“Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education.(一些高中生认为接受高等教育是无用的)”，说明一些学生认为高等教育没用，结合下句“If you’re one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.(如果你是他们中的一员，要三思。下面是一些你应该上大学并在那里接受良好教育的原因。)”可推断空格处应说高中生认为接受高等教育无用会导致什么结果，C选项“Therefore, they choose not to go to college.(因此，他们选择不上大学。)”说明了高中生认为接受高等教育无用会引起的结果，就是不上大学，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据下文“We take that knowledge later to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without education, that job will not be within easy reach.(毕业后，我们会利用这些知识来建立自己的职业生涯。在你开始工作后，你会获得更多的知识，但没有受过教育，那份工作就不会唾手可得。)”可知，本段讲的是学校中获取知识对工作的影响。由此可推断出空格处与从学校教育中获取知识有关。分析选项可知，F项“Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge.(学校和大学是获取知识的第一个地方)”符合语境，F项不仅意义与本段一致，而且有关键词“knowledge”的复现，符合题意，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据空格后的“Other cultures have valuable things to share, enriching our own.(其他文化有宝贵的东西可以分享，丰富我们自己的文化。)”可知，我们的文化并不是唯一的，还有其他的文化丰富我们的知识，B项“We come to know that ours is not the only culture.(我们开始知道我们的文化不是唯一的。)”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据空前“When you’re skillful and knowledgeable, you can get close to people of similar backgrounds and tastes.(当你有技能和知识的时候，你可以接近有相似背景和品味的人。)”可推断出空格处要说因为接触到更多有相同背景和相同品味的人，自然会让你有更多更好的人际关系。分析选项可知，D项“It means a good education leads to excellent networking.(这意味着良好的教育能带来良好的人际关系。)”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据空格后“You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what’s on sale in stores. An educated person doesn’t gossip (说闲话), having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.(你可以谈论想法和事件，而不仅仅是其他人和商店里卖什么。一个受过教育的人不会八卦，喜欢讨论想法，倾听别人的意见。)”可推断出，本段是说良好的教育会让你谈吐恰当，成为有能力的人，更有趣的人。分析选项可知A项“A good education makes you a more interesting person.(良好的教育使你成为一个更有趣的人。)”概括了本段的主要内容，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up, I was fortunate to travel with my parents and I’m extremely ____21____ to them for opening my eyes to the world. Travel is one of the most ____22____ things because we can visit beautiful places and it teaches us a lot.
Three weeks ago, I had the biggest ____23____ of my life. I went to London alone. It was ____24____ to enter that airplane at 6:40 a.m., leaving my parents behind and knowing there was nobody ____25____ me on the other side. Watching the sun rise from the plane made me remember why I was there. ____26____, I was about to realize a dream.
I had tried making travel plans with friends but was ____27____ answers like “it’s not the best time” or “I can’t ____28____ it”. The idea of going alone was scary but ____29____. I wanted to prove that I was capable of ____30____ that fear and doing something I wanted.
It felt great to be ____31____ everything, from ____32____ my alarm to deciding which museum to visit. This sense of ____33____ was one of the best things about traveling alone.
By this journey, I learned to be more ____34____, realizing what I’m capable of and that I can ____35____ the journey of life on my own.
21. A. faithful B. helpful C. grateful D. respectful
22. A. remarkable B. dramatic C. reasonable D. astonishing
23. A. trouble B. adventure C. celebration D. show
24. A. embarrassing B. relaxing C. puzzling D. terrifying
25. A. believing in B. turning to C. waiting for D. relying on
26. A. After all B. For instance C. In addition D. In consequence
27. A. reminded of B. warned against C. faced with D. attached to
28. A. deny B. afford C. accept D. predict
29. A. unhappy B. unrealistic C. abstract D. exciting
30. A. ignoring B. expressing C. identifying D. hiding
31. A. in honor of B. in possession of C. in need of D. in charge of
32. A. setting B. repairing C. purchasing D. finding
33. A. relief B. achievement C. freedom D. security
34. A. enthusiastic B. independent C. ambitious D. creative
35. A. record B. complete C. witness D. cancel
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从独自一人的伦敦追梦之行中获得成就感，从而学会了更加独立，意识到了自己的能力，可以独自完成人生的旅程。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，我很幸运能和父母一起旅行，我非常感激他们开阔了我的眼界。A. faithful忠诚的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. grateful感激的；D. respectful尊敬的。根据本句中“I was fortunate to travel with my parents”可知，作者认为能和父母一起旅行是幸运的，所以很感激他们。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：旅行是最了不起的事情之一，因为我们可以参观美丽的地方，它教会我们很多东西。A. remarkable非凡的；B. dramatic戏剧的；C. reasonable合理的；D. astonishing令人十分惊讶的。根据本句中“because we can visit beautiful places and it teaches us a lot”可知，因为旅行不仅可以参观美景，而且可以学会很多东西，故作者认为旅行是了不起的事情。很故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：三周前，我经历了人生中最大的冒险。A. trouble麻烦；B. adventure冒险；C. celebration庆祝；D. show展览。根据后文“I went to London alone.”可知，作者独自去伦敦，这是她人生的最大冒险。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：早上6点40分登上飞机，把父母抛在身后，知道那边没有人在等我，真是太可怕了。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. relaxing令人放松的；C. puzzling令人困惑的；D. terrifying可怕的。根据前文“I went to London alone.”以及后文“leaving my parents behind”可知，作者离开父母，独自去伦敦，内心应是感觉到害怕。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：早上6点40分登上飞机，把父母抛在身后，知道那边没有人在等我，真是太可怕了。A. believing in信任；B. turning to求助于；C. waiting for等待；D. relying on依赖。根据本句中“on the other side”可知，作者知道在下飞机的另一边城市，没人在等她。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，我即将实现一个梦想。A. After all毕竟；B. For instance例如；C. In addition此外；D. In consequence因此。根据前文“Watching the sun rise from the plane made me remember why I was there.”可知，当作者记起了自己独自去伦敦的原因，就理智克服了内心的恐惧。空后句解释了作者为什么去伦敦。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我曾试着和朋友一起制定旅行计划，但得到的回答都是“现在不是最佳时机”或“我负担不起”。A. reminded of提醒；B. warned against警告；C. faced with面对；D. attached to附上。根据空后的宾语“answers”可知，应为“面对”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾试着和朋友一起制定旅行计划，但得到的回答都是“现在不是最佳时机”或“我负担不起”。A. deny否定；B. afford付得起；C. accept接受；D. predict预测。根据本句中“like “it’s not the best time””可知，作者在举例说明和朋友计划旅行的失败的具体事例，此处表示“负担不起旅行费用”，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个人去的想法是可怕的，但令人兴奋。A. unhappy不高兴的；B. unrealistic不切实际的；C. abstract抽象的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。空前为转折词“but”，所以其前后应为互为对比的词义。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想证明我有能力无视恐惧，做我想做的事。A. ignoring无视；B. expressing表达；C. identifying确认；D. hiding躲藏。根据本句中“I wanted to prove that I was capable of”以及“doing something I wanted”可知，作者做自己想做的事，就要无视恐惧。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：从定闹钟到决定去参观哪个博物馆，掌管一切的感觉很棒。A. in honor of纪念；B. in possession of拥有；C. in need of需要；D. in charge of负责、掌管。根据本句中“from my alarm to deciding which museum to visit.”可知，作者在列举独自旅行时自己做的事，所以有了掌管一切的感觉。应为故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从定闹钟到决定去参观哪个博物馆，掌管一切的感觉很棒。A. setting设置；B. repairing修理；C. purchasing购买；D. finding找到。根据空后的宾语“my alarm”可知，因为设置闹钟。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种成就感是独自旅行最好的事情之一。A. relief宽慰；B. achievement成就；C. freedom自由；D. security安全。根据前文“It felt great to be everything”可知，作者有了掌管一切的成就感。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这段旅程中，我学会了更加独立，意识到自己能力，我可以独自完成人生的旅程。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. independent独立的；C. ambitious有雄心的；D. creative有创造力的。根据前文“I went to London alone.”可知，作者独自去伦敦，学会了独立。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这段旅程中，我学会了更加独立，意识到自己的能力，我可以独自完成人生的旅程。A. record记录；B. complete完成；C. witness见证；D. cancel取消。根据前文“This sense of was one of the best things about traveling alone.”可知，作者独自旅行获得的成就感让她觉得可以独自完成人生之旅。故选B。
非选择题部分
第二节(共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Preserving more habitats for China’s giant pandas is providing a giant payoff. ___36___ (save) the giant panda from dying out isn’t just good for the panda, but it’s also good for economy, a new analysis by an international team of scientists shows.
The results ___37___ (publish) in the magazine Current Biology, stress the economic benefits that go hand in hand with environmental ___38___ (protect). Giant pandas are one of the rarest species around the world. But pandas fell on hard times in recent decades, thanks largely ___39___ human encroachment (侵入). In 1980 alone, many habitats ___40___ (destroy) artificially, and in 1990, their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometers, which is a major threat to the pandas in large part because bamboo, their main food source, is so low in nutrients ___41___ they must wander a lot of land in order to find and eat enough of it.
Because of this, Chinese officials began making ___42___ (significance) efforts to save the panda from extinction, establishing more reserves and increasing the reserve area three times. Panda numbers ___43___ (gradual) began to recover, hitting 1,596 in 2000 and 1,864 in 2010.
“___44___ is clear that society’s investment (投资) ____45____ (start) to pay off so far in terms of panda population recovery”, the study authors said.
【答案】36. Saving
37. published
38. protection
39. to 40. were destroyed
41. that 42. significant
43. gradually
44. It 45. has started
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了大熊猫栖息地过去被破坏严重，现在中国在保护大熊猫栖息地上取得了成就。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：一个国际科学家团队的最新分析显示，拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对熊猫有好处，而且对经济也有好处。save用动名词形式作主语，首字母大写。故填Saving。
【37题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了与环境保护齐头并进的经济效益。主句已有谓语stress且无连词，动词publish用非谓语形式，逻辑主语The results与动词publish是被动关系，publish用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了与环境保护齐头并进的经济效益。不可数名词protection作宾语。故填protection。
【39题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：但近几十年来，由于人类的入侵，大熊猫在艰难时期数量下降了。介词短语thanks to (由于)。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地就遭到了人为破坏，而在1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上是对大熊猫的一大威胁，因为它们的主要食物来源竹子的营养含量太低，为了找到并吃够竹子，它们必须在很多地方流浪。由时间状语“in 1980”可知为一般过去时，且主语many habitats和谓语动词destroy被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语many habitats复数，谓语复数形式。故填were destroyed。
【41题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地就遭到了人为破坏，而在1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上是对大熊猫的一大威胁，因为它们的主要食物来源竹子的营养含量太低，为了找到并吃够竹子，它们必须在很多地方流浪。so…that…(如此……以至于……)引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：正因为如此，中国官员开始做出重大努力，保护大熊猫免于灭绝，建立了更多的保护区，并将保护区面积扩大了三倍。形容词significant作定语，修饰名词efforts。故填significant。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：熊猫数量逐渐开始恢复，2000年达到1596只，2010年达到1864只。用副词gradually作状语修饰动词began。故填gradually。
【44题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：研究作者表示：“很明显，就熊猫种群的恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始得到回报。”“it is adj. that+...”的结构中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，首字母大写。故填It。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究作者表示：“很明显，就熊猫种群的恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始得到回报。”该空是主语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语so far 知，谓语用现在完成时态，从句主语society’s investment不可数，故填has started。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的南非笔友Chris对中国饮食文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
(1)介绍中国的饮食文化;
(2)发出邀请。
注意：(1)词数80词左右;
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
How’s everything going?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
How’s everything going? Having known that you are interested in Chinese food culture, I am writing to tell you something about it.
China is very famous for its food in the world. If you come to visit China, you will taste a lot of food. They're Cantonese food, Sichuan food, Shanghai food, Hunan food and so on. Besides, In the north of China, people eat a lot of noodles and dumplings. In the south of China, people eat a lot of rice and seafood. Chinese food is good in color, flavor and taste.
Welcome to China to experience different kinds of food.
sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求向笔友介绍中国的饮食文化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：famous→well-known
此外：besides → what’s more
不同的：different→diverse
种类：kinds→ varieties
2.句式拓展
简单句变并列句
原句： Besides, In the north of China, people eat a lot of noodles and dumplings. In the south of China, people eat a lot of rice and seafood.
拓展句： Besides, In the north of China, people eat a lot of noodles and dumplings while in the south , people eat a lot of rice and seafood.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Having known that you are interested in Chinese food culture, I am writing to tell you something about it. （运用了that引导的宾语从句及现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】If you come to visit China, you will taste a lot of food. （运用if引导的条件状语从句。）
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As was expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er... What... What do you really want to do in the gorgeous(灿烂的) future?”
I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts? What if he gets angry? What if I let him down?” later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.”
I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, “Interesting idea!” he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation.
“Are you serious, dad?”
“Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it’s late. Let’s take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs (螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more.”
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off for the coast. We didn’t talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. “Let’s see if we are lucky,” he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this,” and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck.
To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From that day on I was determined to make my dream come true
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】At that moment my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and held on to it.
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to school work, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literature journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者向父亲诉说自己想要成为作家的梦想，出乎作者意料，作者的父亲非常支持。作者的父亲带作者去捉螃蟹，有一只螃蟹一直锲而不舍最终成功逃离。作者从中学到了坚持和努力，最终在成为作家的道路上取得了越来越多的进步和成就。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在那一刻，爸爸指着笼子说：‘看那只螃蟹，在那儿！’”可知，第一段可描写这是螃蟹一直不放弃最后成功逃离以及作者的感想。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天起，我就下定决心要实现我的梦想。”可知，第二段可描写作者为实现成为作家的梦想所付出的努力、取得的进步和成就。
2.续写线索：说出梦想——支持——捉螃蟹——感悟——追求梦想——进步——成就
3.词汇激活
行为类
①凝视：stare at/gaze at
②建议：suggest/propose
③投稿：contribute to/submit to
情绪类
①震惊：shocked/surprised
②感激：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1]Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. (由关系代词which连接的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. (whenever引导的让步状语从句的省略)
高二年级上学期期末考试
英语试卷
(本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
选择题部分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How long will the charity party last?
A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Four hours.
2. How is the weather now?
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy C. Sunny.
3. Which is the best way for the man to get to the airport?
A. Getting a taxi. B. Taking the subway. C. Catching a bus.
4. What did Mary do last night?
A. She went out late. B. She held a fancy dress party. C. She didn’t return home.
5. What are the speakers discussing?
A A TV programme. B. The president. C. A national holiday
第二节共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6. What did the woman’s father do in China?
A. A teacher. B. A businessman. C. A traveller.
7. How old was the woman when she left Beijing?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Thirteen.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old schoolmates. B. Former colleagues. C. Salesman and customer.
9. Why does the man come to New York?
A. To work. B. To take a holiday. C. To meet the woman.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. See a customer. B. Go to a cafe. C. Invite the man for lunch.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What color skirt does the man suggest the woman buy at first?
A. White. B. Black. C. Brown.
12. What does the woman think of the skirt with letters?
A. The color looks boring. B. The price is a little high. C. The style is a bit outdated.
13. What do we know about the woman?
A. She chooses a spotted skirt in black.
B. She buys a flowered skirt in a large size.
C. She will come to the store again tomorrow.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does the man kill time?
A. By eating potato chips. B. By watching TV. C. By taking a walk.
15. What does the woman dislike?
A. The square. B. The parks. C. The city.
16. What does the man think is the most important?
A. Entertainment. B. Income C. Quietness.
17. What do the speakers disagree on?
A. Whether the city needs a symbol.
B. Whether the amusement park should be built.
C. Whether the square is a good place for a walk.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is Pierre?
A. A doctor from Senegal. B. A university researcher. C. A United Nations official.
19. What does Pierre mainly talk about?
A. Food supplies in the world. B. The role that the UN plays. C. The purpose of his study.
20. What is the expected outcome of Pierre’s work?
A. A new medicine. B. A new type of rice. C. A new farming method.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，每题2分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
EXPERIENCE COLUMBIA
HOT ATTRACTIONS
◆RIVERBANKS ZOO & GARDEN
It is home to more than 2,000 animals and one of the nation’s most beautiful botanical gardens. With more than 350 species from around the world, Riverbanks Zoo is one of the largest mid-sized zoos in the country.
Hours: 9:00a. m.—5:00p. m. daily.
Admission: Adults (13—61) $19. 95
Children (2—12) $16. 95
◆EDVENTURE
The South’s largest children’s museum has 300 exhibits to inspire children to experience the joy of learning. Where else but EdVenture can children drive a real fire truck, anchor the news or visit another country?
Hours: Monday—Sunday 9 am.—5 pm.
Admission: Members Free
Children and Adults: $11. 95
◆SOUTH CAROLINA STATE MUSEUM
The stories of South Carolina come alive through the exhibits and collections of the State Museum. Plus, a new 4-D theater provides popular movies that excite all ages. Museum members are invited to night-sky observing and more on Tuesday nights!
Hours: Mon. Wed.—Fri.: 10 am.—5 pm.
Tues.: 10 am.—10 pm.
Sat.: 10 am.—6 pm.
Sun.: Noon—5 pm.
Admission: Adults (13—61) $8. 95
Children (3—12): $6. 95
◆SALUDA SHOALS PARK
Saluda Shoals Park is a sensitive riverfront park that invites visitors to experience the treasures of the Saluda River through exceptional educational and cultural opportunities.
Fun-filled Family Activities Nightly! (except Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve and Christmas night)
Free for activities: apply with Holiday Lights admission ($20/car; $40/15-passenger vehicle; $ 60/bus).
1. How much should a young couple with a 2-year-old son pay to enjoy various plants and animals?
A. $24. 85. B. $ 39.9. C. $56.85. D. $ 35.85.
2. Which attraction best suits a child interested in broadcasting news?
A. The State Museum. B. EdVenture.
C. Saluda Shoals Park. D. Riverbanks Zoo & Garden.
3. Which of the following is available to all tourists in the State Museum?
A. Enjoying free family activities every night.
B. Visiting the exhibits on Sunday morning.
C. Having a fantastic 4-D visual feast.
D. Observing the amazing night sky on Tuesday nights.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四个哥伦比亚热门景点的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由RIVERBANKS ZOO & GARDEN中的“It is home to more than 2,000 animals and one of the nation’s most beautiful botanical gardens. (它是2000多种动物的家园，也是美国最美丽的植物园之一)”和“Admission: Adults (13—61) $19. 95 Children (2—12) $16. 95 (门票：成人（13-61）$19. 95 儿童（2-12岁）$16.95)”可知，欣赏各种植物和动物可以去RIVERBANKS ZOO & GARDEN，一对带着2岁儿子的年轻夫妇应该支付$19.95+$19.95+$16.95 =$56.85。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由EDVENTURE中的“Where else but EdVenture can children drive a real fire truck, anchor the news or visit another country? (除了EdVenture，孩子们还能在哪里开真正的消防车、播报新闻或访问其他国家)”可知，EdVenture最适合对广播新闻感兴趣的孩子。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由SOUTH CAROLINA STATE MUSEUM中的“Plus, a new 4-D theater provides popular movies that excite all ages. (此外，一家新的四维影院提供了老少皆宜的热门电影)”可知，在State Museum所有游客都可以享受美妙的四维视觉盛宴。故选C项。
B
For years, people have wondered whether there’s life on other planets. Scientists may now be closer than ever to answering that question.
Using powerful telescopes, a team of astronomers in South America discovered a new planet, called Proxima b. It circles a star named Proxima Centauri, in the same way Earth circles the sun. Proxima Centauri is the closest star to our solar system.
Scientists believe the new planet has a rocky surface and is similar in size to Earth. More importantly, they’ve determined that the distance between Proxima b and its “sun” gives the planet a similar temperature to Earth’s. This means it could have liquid water. The presence of water on a planet makes it possible for life to exist there. Scientists refer to planets like Proxima b as “Goldilocks planets” because they are not too hot or too cold, but just right to possibly support life.
Astronomers have found other Goldilocks planets in the past, but none are as close to Earth as Proxima b. Still, the new planet is 4.2 light years from Earth—that is about 25 trillion miles away.
Despite the long distance, astronomers hope to get a much better look at our new-found neighbor one day. But they’ll need to wait until more advanced telescopes are developed. They may also send a robotic spacecraft to investigate the planet.
4. Earth is to the sun what ______.
A. the solar system is to Proxima b
B. Proxima Centauri is to Proxima b
C. Proxima b is to the solar system
D. Proxima b is to Proxima Centauri
5. The writer introduces the new planet mainly by ______.
A. listing figures B. following the space order
C. making the comparisons D. giving examples
6. Planets like Proxima b are referred to as “Goldilocks planets” because of ______.
A. the presence of water B. their temperature
C. the life on them D. their size
7. We can infer from the last paragraph that ______.
A. astronomers have a long way to go to explore the new planet
B. exploring the new planet is just around the corner
C. the long distance will prevent astronomers from exploring the new planet
D. astronomers have got the whole picture of the new planet
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了天文学家发现了一颗新行星，有可能存在生命。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段前两句“Using powerful telescopes, a team of astronomers in South America discovered a new planet, called Proxima b. It circles a star named Proxima Centauri, in the same way Earth circles the sun. ”（南美的一组天文学家利用强大的望远镜发现了一颗被称为Proxima b的行星。它环绕一个名叫Proxima Centauri的恒星运动，就像地球环绕太阳运动一样）可知，地球和太阳的关系就像Proxima b和Proxima Centauri一样。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Scientists believe the new planet has a rocky surface and is similar in size to Earth.”（科学家认为这个新发现的行星有一个岩石表面，大小和地球类似）及第三段对该行星的描写可知，作者主要通过和地球对比的方式来介绍新行星的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Scientists refer to planets like Proxima b as “Goldilocks planets” because they are not too hot or too cold, but just right to possibly support life.”（科学家称Proxima b这样的行星为“古迪洛克行星”因为它们的气温不冷不热，有可能支持生命存在）可知，Proxima b这样的行星是适合生命存在的星球。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“But they’ll need to wait until more advanced telescopes are developed. ”（但是他们需要等待，直到研发出更先进的望远镜）可知，受限于目前的科技，对该行星的探索道阻且长。故选A项。
C
Smart carts (购物车) are shopping carts equipped with tablet computers and similar de-vices that help shoppers manage shopping lists, pay for items, and find products in the store. Manufacturers of smart cart technology produce accessory fittings (配件), and stores can use them to remake existing carts. It’s also possible to purchase new shopping carts with the smart technology installed.
The level of function available with a smart cart can vary. Some can be combined with cellphones or software programs to allow shoppers to create shopping lists and upload them to a cart. Internet-enabled smart carts may provide suggestions or tips for shoppers. Some can communicate with the systems to guide themselves around the store. Shoppers can ask the cart where to find items or have it organize a grocery list to make shopping easier. As a shop-per moves along the snack selling areas, for instance, the smart cart could flash a reminder that the customer often likes to buy a particular brand of potato chips.
In-store communication to allow customers to order items from different counters may al-so be available. On the contrary, a department can page a customer with the use of smart carts, The counters can send a message when the order is ready, which reduces time spent in line.
Smart cart technology can also enable the price checks and allows customers to pay for items through the cart, without having to go through a checkout line. As they add items to the cart, it updates the total, and the shopper can close out the visit at the end by telling the cart to automatically pay from a stored bank account or credit card. This application for smart carts can be important in busy stores where customers get impatient waiting in line to pay.
8. Why does the author think the introduced cart is a smart cart?
A. It is made to encourage shopping.
B. It is equipped with technology to manage shopping lists.
C. It is equipped with translation function.
D. It is designed to take the place of clerks.
9. What can be learned about the smart cart from the text?
A. It is smarter than humans.
B. It is helpful but rather expensive.
C. It only has a few simple skills.
D. It can help save much time.
10. In which section of a newspaper can we read the text?
A. Technology. B. Fashion.
C. Food. D. Advertisement.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. The design of smart carts
B. The influences of smart carts
C. The introduction to smart carts
D. The market demands for smart carts
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能购物车的各种功能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Smart carts (购物车) are shopping carts equipped with tablet computers and similar de-vices that help shoppers manage shopping lists, pay for items, and find products in the store.(智能购物车是装备有平板电脑和类似设备的购物车，帮助购物者管理购物清单，支付商品，并在商店中找到产品)”可知，智能购物车是装备有平板电脑和类似设备的购物，它配备了管理购物清单的技术。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“The counters can send a message when the order is ready, which reduces time spent in line.(计数器可以在订单准备好时发送消息，从而减少了排队时间)”最后一段“This application for smart carts can be important in busy stores where customers get impatient waiting in line to pay.(这个应用程序的智能推车可以在繁忙的商店中的重要客户得到不耐烦的排队等待付款)”可知，智能购物车有助于顾客减少排队付款的时间。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“The level of function available with a smart cart can vary. Some can be combined with cellphones or software programs to allow shoppers to create shopping lists and upload them to a cart. Internet-enabled smart carts may provide suggestions or tips for shoppers. Some can communicate with the systems to guide themselves around the store. (智能购物车的功能级别可能会有所不同。有些可以与手机或软件程序相结合，让购物者创建购物清单，并上传到购物车。网络智能购物车可以为购物者提供建议或提示。有些人可以和系统通信，在商店里引导他们自己)”可知，智能购物车充满技术含量，结合浏览全文可知，这篇文章应该来自报纸的科学技术方面的版面。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段“Smart carts (购物车) are shopping carts equipped with tablet computers and similar de-vices that help shoppers manage shopping lists, pay for items, and find products in the store. Manufacturers of smart cart technology produce accessory fittings (配件), and stores can use them to remake existing carts.(智能购物车是装备有平板电脑和类似设备购物车，帮助购物者管理购物清单，支付商品，并在商店中找到产品。智能手推车技术的制造商生产配件，商店可以用它们改造现有的手推车)”说明智能购物车的定义与生产，结合第二段至第五段介绍智能购物车的功能、优点和应用特点，说明本文主要是对智能购物车的介绍。The introduction to smart carts适合做本文最佳标题。故选C项。
D
A short cooking video posted by a netizen on TikTok has recently become a popular hit on the site. Bearing the tag “Chinese food”, the video not only showed off the chief’s superb skills in making Chinese dishes, but it also got netizens abroad wanting to get a taste of China’s unique food culture.
Although the video was nothing master-level, just a rather standard homemade fried potato dish, it received more than 200, 000 likes after only three days of posting. In addition to praising the chef, commenters wondered why such a simple Chinese dish could look like a fancy cuisine that had been made through tons of effort. “Even the most basic Chinese dish needs to have three elements: color, smell and taste. For example, color not only requires a chef to have sharp eyes, but also valuable experience,” said Wang, an experienced Chinese chef in Guangzhou.
Chinese cooking is not the only type of content covered by the tag. Other popular videos under the tag include “odd food” challenges, traditional Chinese dishes and Chinese snack tasting, the latter of which has become particularly popular among young omnivore vloggers (video bloggers) living in a world of continually expanding cultural globalization.
“I have been a fan of Chinese food ever since my Chinese friend cooked me di san xian at university. I was surprised by the dish’s taste and its look, which was very different from my home food, but felt it was very familiar to me because I noticed we share similar cooking skills,” said Bianca, an Italian Asian food fan.
“I started my channel by recording my roommate tasting my cooking. These videos got likes and comments gradually. Seeing some people commenting in German or English and saying ‘I want to try it’, I felt these videos can narrow the gap between the two cultures,” said Mr. Bear, a vlogger on Bilibili who promotes Chinese cooking.
12. What does the underlined word “omnivore” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. people eating meat. B. people eating diverse food.
C. people eating strange food. D. people eating vegetables.
13. How does Bianca find Chinese food?
A. common and dear. B. expensive and delicious.
C. similar and disconnected. D. special and familiar.
14. What do we know about Mr. Bear from the last paragraph?
A. He is an expert determined to become a Chinese chef.
B. The majority of his fans tasted the food he cooked.
C. His videos make a difference to cultural communication.
D. His roommate encouraged him to cook Chinese food.
15. The passage mainly tells us that_________.
A. Chinese cooking has become popular among young vloggers.
B. advanced technology plays a great part in modern society.
C. online videos can make young people internationally famous.
D. master-level Chinese dishes are attracting more foreign fans.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国烹饪在国内和国外的年轻人中广泛流行。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Other popular videos under the tag include “odd food” challenges, traditional Chinese dishes and Chinese snack tasting, the latter of which has become particularly popular among young(在标签下面其他受欢迎的视频包括“奇餐”挑战、中国传统菜肴和中国小吃品尝，后者在年轻的_____视频博主中特别流行)”可知，喜欢“奇餐”挑战、中国传统菜肴和中国小吃的年轻人应该是喜欢吃不同种类食物的人，他们喜欢尝试不同种类的食物，“People eating diverse food”意为“吃不同食物的人”，能够解释画线单词的意思。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I was surprised by the dish’s taste and its look, which was very different from my home food, but felt it was very familiar to me because I noticed we share similar cooking skills,” said Bianca, an Italian Asian food fan.(意大利亚洲美食迷Bianca说：“我对这道菜的味道和外观感到惊讶，这道菜与我家的菜大不相同，但我觉得这道菜很熟悉，因为我注意到我们有着相似的烹饪技巧。”)”可知，Bianca认为中国的地三鲜与他家的菜大不相同，但又觉得很熟悉，因为这和他们家乡的菜有相似的烹饪技巧，由此可知，Bianca觉得中国菜是特殊的和熟悉的。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Seeing some people commenting in German or English and saying ‘I want to try it’, I felt these videos can narrow the gap between the two cultures,” said Mr. Bear, a vlogger on Bilibili who promotes Chinese cooking.(“看到一些人用德语或英语评论说‘我想试试’，我觉得这些视频可以缩小两种文化之间的差距，”推广中国烹饪的哔哩哔哩博主Mr. Bear说)”可知，Mr. Bear的视频让外国人了解了中国美食，推广了中国烹饪，缩小了文化之间的差距，由此可知，从最后一段我们了解到Mr. Bear的视频对文化交流产生了影响。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第三段关键句“Other popular videos under the tag include “odd food” challenges, traditional Chinese dishes and Chinese snack tasting, the latter of which has become particularly popular among young omnivore vloggers (video bloggers) living in a world of continually expanding cultural globalization.(其他受欢迎的视频还包括“奇餐”挑战、中国传统菜肴和中国小吃品尝，后者在生活在文化全球化不断扩大的世界中的年轻的喜欢尝试不同食物的博主中尤其流行)”可知，本文通过制作中国菜的视频在网络上受到欢迎的例子告诉我们，中国烹饪在年轻的博主中很受欢迎。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education. ____16____. If you’re one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.
____17____. We take that knowledge later to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without education, that job will not be within easy reach. Knowledge leads to knowledge.
Though we are limited within the walls of the educational places, we openly explore other cultures of the world! ____18____. Other cultures have valuable things to share, enriching our own. Education also makes us want to travel and exchange with various cultures, getting more experience.
When there’s a decrease in the economy, those who attended college will be more likely to find a new job than those who only finished high school and have a limited skill set. The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn more money.
When you’re skillful and knowledgeable, you can get close to people of similar backgrounds and tastes. ____19____. Good networking can do much good to you in your later life.
____20____. You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what’s on sale in stores. An educated person doesn’t gossip (说闲话), having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.
A. A good education makes you a more interesting person.
B. We come to know that ours is not the only culture.
C. Therefore, they choose not to go to college.
D. It means a good education leads to excellent networking.
E. There is a very terrible side to earning a good education too.
F. Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge.
G. An education can lead to long-term financial success
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。一些高中生认为高等教育是没用的，因此他们选择不上大学。作者认为应该上大学接受良好教育并说明上大学的理由以及大学教育的好处。
【16题详解】
空格的上句“Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education.(一些高中生认为接受高等教育是无用的)”，说明一些学生认为高等教育没用，结合下句“If you’re one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.(如果你是他们中的一员，要三思。下面是一些你应该上大学并在那里接受良好教育的原因。)”可推断空格处应说高中生认为接受高等教育无用会导致什么结果，C选项“Therefore, they choose not to go to college.(因此，他们选择不上大学。)”说明了高中生认为接受高等教育无用会引起的结果，就是不上大学，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据下文“We take that knowledge later to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without education, that job will not be within easy reach.(毕业后，我们会利用这些知识来建立自己的职业生涯。在你开始工作后，你会获得更多的知识，但没有受过教育，那份工作就不会唾手可得。)”可知，本段讲的是学校中获取知识对工作的影响。由此可推断出空格处与从学校教育中获取知识有关。分析选项可知，F项“Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge.(学校和大学是获取知识的第一个地方)”符合语境，F项不仅意义与本段一致，而且有关键词“knowledge”的复现，符合题意，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据空格后的“Other cultures have valuable things to share, enriching our own.(其他文化有宝贵的东西可以分享，丰富我们自己的文化。)”可知，我们的文化并不是唯一的，还有其他的文化丰富我们的知识，B项“We come to know that ours is not the only culture.(我们开始知道我们的文化不是唯一的。)”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据空前“When you’re skillful and knowledgeable, you can get close to people of similar backgrounds and tastes.(当你有技能和知识的时候，你可以接近有相似背景和品味的人。)”可推断出空格处要说因为接触到更多有相同背景和相同品味的人，自然会让你有更多更好的人际关系。分析选项可知，D项“It means a good education leads to excellent networking.(这意味着良好的教育能带来良好的人际关系。)”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据空格后“You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what’s on sale in stores. An educated person doesn’t gossip (说闲话), having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.(你可以谈论想法和事件，而不仅仅是其他人和商店里卖什么。一个受过教育的人不会八卦，喜欢讨论想法，倾听别人的意见。)”可推断出，本段是说良好的教育会让你谈吐恰当，成为有能力的人，更有趣的人。分析选项可知A项“A good education makes you a more interesting person.(良好的教育使你成为一个更有趣的人。)”概括了本段的主要内容，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up, I was fortunate to travel with my parents and I’m extremely ____21____ to them for opening my eyes to the world. Travel is one of the most ____22____ things because we can visit beautiful places and it teaches us a lot.
Three weeks ago, I had the biggest ____23____ of my life. I went to London alone. It was ____24____ to enter that airplane at 6:40 a.m., leaving my parents behind and knowing there was nobody ____25____ me on the other side. Watching the sun rise from the plane made me remember why I was there. ____26____, I was about to realize a dream.
I had tried making travel plans with friends but was ____27____ answers like “it’s not the best time” or “I can’t ____28____ it”. The idea of going alone was scary but ____29____. I wanted to prove that I was capable of ____30____ that fear and doing something I wanted.
It felt great to be ____31____ everything, from ____32____ my alarm to deciding which museum to visit. This sense of ____33____ was one of the best things about traveling alone.
By this journey, I learned to be more ____34____, realizing what I’m capable of and that I can ____35____ the journey of life on my own.
21. A. faithful B. helpful C. grateful D. respectful
22. A. remarkable B. dramatic C. reasonable D. astonishing
23. A. trouble B. adventure C. celebration D. show
24. A. embarrassing B. relaxing C. puzzling D. terrifying
25. A. believing in B. turning to C. waiting for D. relying on
26. A. After all B. For instance C. In addition D. In consequence
27. A. reminded of B. warned against C. faced with D. attached to
28. A. deny B. afford C. accept D. predict
29. A. unhappy B. unrealistic C. abstract D. exciting
30. A. ignoring B. expressing C. identifying D. hiding
31. A. in honor of B. in possession of C. in need of D. in charge of
32. A. setting B. repairing C. purchasing D. finding
33. A. relief B. achievement C. freedom D. security
34. A. enthusiastic B. independent C. ambitious D. creative
35. A. record B. complete C. witness D. cancel
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从独自一人的伦敦追梦之行中获得成就感，从而学会了更加独立，意识到了自己的能力，可以独自完成人生的旅程。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，我很幸运能和父母一起旅行，我非常感激他们开阔了我的眼界。A. faithful忠诚的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. grateful感激的；D. respectful尊敬的。根据本句中“I was fortunate to travel with my parents”可知，作者认为能和父母一起旅行是幸运的，所以很感激他们。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：旅行是最了不起的事情之一，因为我们可以参观美丽的地方，它教会我们很多东西。A. remarkable非凡的；B. dramatic戏剧的；C. reasonable合理的；D. astonishing令人十分惊讶的。根据本句中“because we can visit beautiful places and it teaches us a lot”可知，因为旅行不仅可以参观美景，而且可以学会很多东西，故作者认为旅行是了不起的事情。很故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：三周前，我经历了人生中最大的冒险。A. trouble麻烦；B. adventure冒险；C. celebration庆祝；D. show展览。根据后文“I went to London alone.”可知，作者独自去伦敦，这是她人生的最大冒险。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：早上6点40分登上飞机，把父母抛在身后，知道那边没有人在等我，真是太可怕了。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. relaxing令人放松的；C. puzzling令人困惑的；D. terrifying可怕的。根据前文“I went to London alone.”以及后文“leaving my parents behind”可知，作者离开父母，独自去伦敦，内心应是感觉到害怕。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：早上6点40分登上飞机，把父母抛在身后，知道那边没有人在等我，真是太可怕了。A. believing in信任；B. turning to求助于；C. waiting for等待；D. relying on依赖。根据本句中“on the other side”可知，作者知道在下飞机的另一边城市，没人在等她。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，我即将实现一个梦想。A. After all毕竟；B. For instance例如；C. In addition此外；D. In consequence因此。根据前文“Watching the sun rise from the plane made me remember why I was there.”可知，当作者记起了自己独自去伦敦的原因，就理智克服了内心的恐惧。空后句解释了作者为什么去伦敦。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我曾试着和朋友一起制定旅行计划，但得到的回答都是“现在不是最佳时机”或“我负担不起”。A. reminded of提醒；B. warned against警告；C. faced with面对；D. attached to附上。根据空后的宾语“answers”可知，应为“面对”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾试着和朋友一起制定旅行计划，但得到的回答都是“现在不是最佳时机”或“我负担不起”。A. deny否定；B. afford付得起；C. accept接受；D. predict预测。根据本句中“like “it’s not the best time””可知，作者在举例说明和朋友计划旅行的失败的具体事例，此处表示“负担不起旅行费用”，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个人去的想法是可怕的，但令人兴奋。A. unhappy不高兴的；B. unrealistic不切实际的；C. abstract抽象的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。空前为转折词“but”，所以其前后应为互为对比的词义。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想证明我有能力无视恐惧，做我想做的事。A. ignoring无视；B. expressing表达；C. identifying确认；D. hiding躲藏。根据本句中“I wanted to prove that I was capable of”以及“doing something I wanted”可知，作者做自己想做的事，就要无视恐惧。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：从定闹钟到决定去参观哪个博物馆，掌管一切的感觉很棒。A. in honor of纪念；B. in possession of拥有；C. in need of需要；D. in charge of负责、掌管。根据本句中“from my alarm to deciding which museum to visit.”可知，作者在列举独自旅行时自己做的事，所以有了掌管一切的感觉。应为故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从定闹钟到决定去参观哪个博物馆，掌管一切的感觉很棒。A. setting设置；B. repairing修理；C. purchasing购买；D. finding找到。根据空后的宾语“my alarm”可知，因为设置闹钟。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种成就感是独自旅行最好的事情之一。A. relief宽慰；B. achievement成就；C. freedom自由；D. security安全。根据前文“It felt great to be everything”可知，作者有了掌管一切的成就感。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这段旅程中，我学会了更加独立，意识到自己能力，我可以独自完成人生的旅程。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. independent独立的；C. ambitious有雄心的；D. creative有创造力的。根据前文“I went to London alone.”可知，作者独自去伦敦，学会了独立。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这段旅程中，我学会了更加独立，意识到自己的能力，我可以独自完成人生的旅程。A. record记录；B. complete完成；C. witness见证；D. cancel取消。根据前文“This sense of was one of the best things about traveling alone.”可知，作者独自旅行获得的成就感让她觉得可以独自完成人生之旅。故选B。
非选择题部分
第二节(共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Preserving more habitats for China’s giant pandas is providing a giant payoff. ___36___ (save) the giant panda from dying out isn’t just good for the panda, but it’s also good for economy, a new analysis by an international team of scientists shows.
The results ___37___ (publish) in the magazine Current Biology, stress the economic benefits that go hand in hand with environmental ___38___ (protect). Giant pandas are one of the rarest species around the world. But pandas fell on hard times in recent decades, thanks largely ___39___ human encroachment (侵入). In 1980 alone, many habitats ___40___ (destroy) artificially, and in 1990, their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometers, which is a major threat to the pandas in large part because bamboo, their main food source, is so low in nutrients ___41___ they must wander a lot of land in order to find and eat enough of it.
Because of this, Chinese officials began making ___42___ (significance) efforts to save the panda from extinction, establishing more reserves and increasing the reserve area three times. Panda numbers ___43___ (gradual) began to recover, hitting 1,596 in 2000 and 1,864 in 2010.
“___44___ is clear that society’s investment (投资) ____45____ (start) to pay off so far in terms of panda population recovery”, the study authors said.
【答案】36. Saving
37. published
38. protection
39. to 40. were destroyed
41. that 42. significant
43. gradually
44. It 45. has started
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了大熊猫栖息地过去被破坏严重，现在中国在保护大熊猫栖息地上取得了成就。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：一个国际科学家团队的最新分析显示，拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对熊猫有好处，而且对经济也有好处。save用动名词形式作主语，首字母大写。故填Saving。
【37题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了与环境保护齐头并进的经济效益。主句已有谓语stress且无连词，动词publish用非谓语形式，逻辑主语The results与动词publish是被动关系，publish用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了与环境保护齐头并进的经济效益。不可数名词protection作宾语。故填protection。
【39题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：但近几十年来，由于人类的入侵，大熊猫在艰难时期数量下降了。介词短语thanks to (由于)。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地就遭到了人为破坏，而在1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上是对大熊猫的一大威胁，因为它们的主要食物来源竹子的营养含量太低，为了找到并吃够竹子，它们必须在很多地方流浪。由时间状语“in 1980”可知为一般过去时，且主语many habitats和谓语动词destroy被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语many habitats复数，谓语复数形式。故填were destroyed。
【41题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地就遭到了人为破坏，而在1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上是对大熊猫的一大威胁，因为它们的主要食物来源竹子的营养含量太低，为了找到并吃够竹子，它们必须在很多地方流浪。so…that…(如此……以至于……)引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：正因为如此，中国官员开始做出重大努力，保护大熊猫免于灭绝，建立了更多的保护区，并将保护区面积扩大了三倍。形容词significant作定语，修饰名词efforts。故填significant。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：熊猫数量逐渐开始恢复，2000年达到1596只，2010年达到1864只。用副词gradually作状语修饰动词began。故填gradually。
【44题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：研究作者表示：“很明显，就熊猫种群的恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始得到回报。”“it is adj. that+...”的结构中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，首字母大写。故填It。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究作者表示：“很明显，就熊猫种群的恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始得到回报。”该空是主语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语so far 知，谓语用现在完成时态，从句主语society’s investment不可数，故填has started。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的南非笔友Chris对中国饮食文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
(1)介绍中国的饮食文化;
(2)发出邀请。
注意：(1)词数80词左右;
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
How’s everything going?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
How’s everything going? Having known that you are interested in Chinese food culture, I am writing to tell you something about it.
China is very famous for its food in the world. If you come to visit China, you will taste a lot of food. They're Cantonese food, Sichuan food, Shanghai food, Hunan food and so on. Besides, In the north of China, people eat a lot of noodles and dumplings. In the south of China, people eat a lot of rice and seafood. Chinese food is good in color, flavor and taste.
Welcome to China to experience different kinds of food.
sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求向笔友介绍中国的饮食文化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：famous→well-known
此外：besides → what’s more
不同的：different→diverse
种类：kinds→ varieties
2.句式拓展
简单句变并列句
原句： Besides, In the north of China, people eat a lot of noodles and dumplings. In the south of China, people eat a lot of rice and seafood.
拓展句： Besides, In the north of China, people eat a lot of noodles and dumplings while in the south , people eat a lot of rice and seafood.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Having known that you are interested in Chinese food culture, I am writing to tell you something about it. （运用了that引导的宾语从句及现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】If you come to visit China, you will taste a lot of food. （运用if引导的条件状语从句。）
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As was expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er... What... What do you really want to do in the gorgeous(灿烂的) future?”
I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts? What if he gets angry? What if I let him down?” later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.”
I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, “Interesting idea!” he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation.
“Are you serious, dad?”
“Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it’s late. Let’s take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs (螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more.”
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off for the coast. We didn’t talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. “Let’s see if we are lucky,” he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this,” and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck.
To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From that day on I was determined to make my dream come true
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】At that moment my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and held on to it.
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to school work, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literature journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者向父亲诉说自己想要成为作家的梦想，出乎作者意料，作者的父亲非常支持。作者的父亲带作者去捉螃蟹，有一只螃蟹一直锲而不舍最终成功逃离。作者从中学到了坚持和努力，最终在成为作家的道路上取得了越来越多的进步和成就。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在那一刻，爸爸指着笼子说：‘看那只螃蟹，在那儿！’”可知，第一段可描写这是螃蟹一直不放弃最后成功逃离以及作者的感想。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天起，我就下定决心要实现我的梦想。”可知，第二段可描写作者为实现成为作家的梦想所付出的努力、取得的进步和成就。
2.续写线索：说出梦想——支持——捉螃蟹——感悟——追求梦想——进步——成就
3.词汇激活
行为类
①凝视：stare at/gaze at
②建议：suggest/propose
③投稿：contribute to/submit to
情绪类
①震惊：shocked/surprised
②感激：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1]Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. (由关系代词which连接的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. (whenever引导的让步状语从句的省略)
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