2022-2023学年广东省广州重点中学三校联考高二（下）期中英语试卷

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广州重点中学三校联考高二（下）期中英语试卷，共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，单词拼写-单句，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年广东省广州重点中学三校联考高二（下）期中英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Laughter is more like an animal call than it is like speech—but it's also one of our most important forms of communication.
In this talk，Sophie Scott will explore the natural history and neuroscience （神经学） of laughter，stressing its role in social contact and play，as well as its role in emotional expressions and communication.She will set out what we know about the neural basis of laughter awareness and production，and a little of what we know about laughter and humour.Sophie will also present some of the reasons why so few people study laughter scientifically.
What's included in your ticket：
◆Live lecture lasting 60 minutes，including Q&A （ Question and Answer ） with Sophie Scott
◆On-demand access to a recording of the lecture and Q&A for 12 months
◆Extra content from New Scientist
Health and Wellbeing （福利） Series
The Health and Wellbeing Series from New Scientist events will feature four online talks （live and available on-demand） in October （Sleep Engineering），January （Nutrition），February （Brain Power），and March （Laughter），covering the latest developments in health，from some of the finest minds in science.
You can buy a single ticket to one lecture for just £13 （early booking rate），or save 25% by buying a series ticket to all four live online Health and Wellbeing Series lectures.
1. What information can you get from Sophie's talk？ ______
A. Laughter is actually the same as humor.
B. Laughter hasn't got enough scientific research.
C. More and more scientists will study laughter.
D. Laughter has much in common with animal calls.
2. What can you do if you pay to listen to Sophie's talk？ ______
A. Listen to all the lectures freely.
B. Take part in a study of laughter.
C. Listen to talks from New Scientist.
D. Ask questions in person.
3. How much should you pay if you buy all the four live online series lectures？ ______
A. £39. B. £25. C. £13. D. £52.
B
I was watching a kid doing tricks on his skateboard.He was doing pretty well until he tried to skate down a set of steps and lost his balance.The skateboard went one way and he went the other.But，lying on the concrete，he still managed to keep his sense of humour.He looked at me，smiled and said， "Epic fail!"
The term "epic-fail" isn't proper grammatical English（we should use the noun form "failure"），but it is commonly used and perfectly acceptable.People use it to describe small embarrassments as well as serious mistakes.The kid on the skateboard suffered a small embarrassment.An example of a serious epic fail would be Hillary Clinton's loss to Donald Trump in the U.S.presidential election.The only difference between the two was how they responded to their epic fails.The kid laughed at his embarrassment and got back on his skateboard.Hillary Clinton，on the other hand，could not accept her epic fail but，instead，wrote a bitter book about it in which she blamed everyone but herself for the loss.
All of us can expect to have epic fails in our life.We might fail an exam or not win a prize in some competition.Later in life，we may not get the job we want or be as successful as we hoped we would be.But if we manage to keep our sense of humour and a positive attitude，we can overcome our epic fails.One embarrassing mistake or even a serious disappointment does not mean the end of the world.
Here's a historical example of what I mean.Alfred the Great（849-899）was an English king in ancient Britain.At the time，his kingdom was being invaded by Vikings and Alfred suffered an epic fail when his army was defeated in a big battle.He managed to escape from the battlefield and found safety many miles away in the hut of a poor peasant woman.The woman didn't know who he was and when she had to leave the hut to do some chores，she told Alfred to watch some wheat cakes that were cooking on the fire.Alfred，still thinking about his big epic fail，forgot about the cakes and they were burned.When the woman returned，she scolded Alfred，but he didn't get angry.Her criticism，instead，seemed to help him put his situation into perspective.
Soon after，Alfred left the hut，gathered his scattered army and defeated the Vikings.Epic.fails，big and small，can always be overcome with the right attitude.
4. According to the article，which of the following is NOT an epic fail？ ______
A. Be defeated in a basketball match.
B. Fail to win a prize in a competition.
C. Get blamed for your friend's mistake.
D. Slip when dancing in front of your friends.
5. According to the article，how did Hillary Clinton respond to her epic fail？ ______
A. She wrote a book analyzing her failure.
B. She laughed at her failure with a sense of humour.
C. She failed to recognize her responsibility in the failure.
D. She thought about how she could perform better in the next election.
6. What can we learn from the text？ ______
A. All of us can encounter epic fail in our life.
B. We use the term "epic fail" to describe big mistakes only.
C. if we change our attitude，we may not suffer from epic fail.
D. A serious embarrassment can be compared with the end of the world.
7. By mentioning the story of Alfred the Great，the author wants to illustrate that ______ .
A. even kings may encounter epic fails
B. all epic fails can be overcome with the right attitude
C. it is easier for forgetful people to overcome epic fails
D. criticism plays an important role in overcoming epic fails
C
    Efforts to preserve the Amazon rain forest, which supports immense biodiversity and locks away tons of climate threatening carbon, are growing more urgent as the ecosystem's destruction accelerates. Indigenous (当地的) peoples have been trying to protect the region by patrolling (巡逻) their territorial boundaries for illegal activities. But rapid deforestation continues.
    A recent study shows that combining on-the-ground monitoring with satellite data and smartphone technology could help put the brakes on Amazon deforestation—and potentially that of forests elsewhere.
    illegal logging, agriculture and coca cultivation particularly threaten the Amazon in the Peruvian Indigenous communities and outsiders are often the culprits (罪魁祸首). The research team wondered if providing training for local people to use satellite-based "early deforestation alerts" could help. The scientists collaborated with 76 Indigenous communities, 36 of which participated in using these alerts to watch over the forest. Over the next two years these trained participants were paid to work as forest monitors and received monthly alerts via the app when satellite data indicated local forest losses. Monitors investigated alerts, patrolled for deforestation in other areas and reported confirmed losses back to their communities, which decided whether to deal with the culprits on their own or inform state authorities.
    The researchers analyzed the same forest-loss satellite data from the given time period in all 76 communities. They found the early-alert program reduced forest loss by 8.4 hectares in the first two year—a 52% reduction compared with the average loss in the control communities.
    Experts say this approach to tackling Amazonian deforestation looks promising. "Would this work in all communities that have high risk of deforestation? Given the results, it's worth a try," says Catherine Tucker, a researcher at the University of Florida. "But some communities may not have access to the resources needed for such a program, or their territories may hold valuable minerals that would increase the risk of deforestation by outsiders despite monitoring efforts," wrote Francisco Hernandez Cayetano, a community member involved in the research, "we as Indigenous peoples ask the world for support."
8. Why did the research team conduct the program?
A. To stop carbon being locked away. B. To tackle Amazon deforestation.
C. To monitor satellite movement. D. To control illegal activities.
9. How does the community-based monitoring work?
A. By offering locals training in using a smartphone app.
B. By combining local monitoring with smartphone alerts.
C. By organizing native people to fight against the outsiders.
D. By equipping local forest with satellite data and monitors.
10. What is Catherine Tucker's attitude toward the approach to preventing deforestation?
A. Pessimistic. B. Objective. C. Approving. D. Conventional.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Local Monitors Trained for Forest Loss.
B. Satellite Data Cure Deforestation.
C. Outsiders Are to Blame for Forest Loss.
D. Smart Patrol Fights Deforestation.
D
Migraine is a disease that has a number of symptoms，including head pain that can stick around from four hours to several days.While migraines can occur partly because of genetic factors，attacks may happen by chance，set off by a cause in the environment.
One common cause is food，and some common dietary causes include alcohol，salt，sugar，chocolate，and caffeine.But there are many others，and scientists continue to identify more.For instance，a Brazilian study found that watermelons brought on a headache within minutes in about 30 percent of the participants.
Some of the newest research is looking at which foods and what kinds of diets can prevent or lessen migraines.A new study published last year by a team of researchers found that a diet higher in fish oils rather than vegetable oils helped people ease their headaches.In the study，those on a diet lower in vegetable oil and higher in fatty fish had a 30 to 40 percent reduction in total headache hours per day，serious headache hours per day，and overall headache days per month compared to the control group.
Tanya Kamka had suffered weekly migraines for most of her life.Then，in her 50s，she joined the NIH diet trial and increased her intake of fish.After only a few months， "I haven't had a migraine，not even a mild one，in over two years，" she says.
For others，the solution comes from plants，not fish.A 60-year-old man joined a study on the food-migraine link and turned to a diet，which includes a lot of dark，leafy greens.After two months he was experiencing only one migraine a month instead of the 18 to 24 a month he'd suffered before.
Clearly，people with migraines react to food in very different ways.What works for one person may not work for another.
12. What can be learned from paragraph 1？ ______
A. Environment can cause migraine.
B. The main cause of migraine is genes.
C. Heavy headache can lead to migraine.
D. Migraine lasts for at most four hours.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about？ ______
A. The length of migraine.
B. Factors that lead to migraine.
C. The most common cause of migraine.
D. A Brazilian study about the cause of migraine.
14. What did the new study last year find？ ______
A. Taking more fish oils can help lessen migraines.
B. People taking more vegetables can reduce migraines.
C. More fish oils and less vegetables can cure migraines.
D. The control group may have 30%-40% less migraines.
15. Why does the author mention Tanya and the 60-year-old man？ ______
A. To prove that different foods can help with migraines.
B. To tell that both fish and plants have good effects on migraines.
C. To suggest that fish oils work better than plant oils on reducing migraines.
D. To show that the influences of food on migraines vary from person to person.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Why do we like somebody else？One factor（因素） may be intelligence.It could be assumed that people generally like other people better if they're smarter，as they might be more interesting to talk to. （1） ______ If someone is too smart，somebody with lower intelligence may not like them as they might feel that they look worse in comparison.In contrast，a really smart person might feel that somebody with lower intelligence is less likable.
（ 2） ______ In the study，researcher Maria Flakus and her team analyzed data gathered from Polish high school students.The results of the study indicated that being intelligent influenced both being liked and liking others.Interestingly，it did so in opposite ways. （3） ______ However，they tended to like fewer people than less intelligent students.Specifically，smart students had a tendency to only like others that were as smart as themselves.
Importantly，the effect of liking others due to their intelligence was strongest during the first test and became weaker over time.Thus，over time，the importance of intelligence in building social relationships decreases. （4） ______ The researchers suggest that over time，knowing about the shared interests of others may be a more important factor in liking than knowing they're smart.
In contrast，the effect of smart students only liking others that were equally intelligent remained significant over the course of the year，although it became a bit weaker.The researchers warn that this may lead to intelligent students being seen as isolated（孤立的） by others.This may become problematic if the smart students are viewed as too proud. （5） ______

A.Instead，other factors become more important.
B.Smart people in the study tended to like nobody.
C.Intelligent students were liked better by their classmates.
D.The relationship between intelligence and being liked is complex.
E.A recent study looked into the link between intelligence and being liked，
F.But this association may also be a function of the intelligence of both people.
G.Thus，smart people may wish to be careful to take care of their social relationships.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cold and rainy day in March.Across the room in the retail store where Mandy （1） ______ ， sat Laura，a woman about Mandy's age.Other workers did not （2） ______ Laura；they thought of her as （3） ______ and so did Mandy.
But sweeping the （4） ______ from her eyes，Mandy made up her mind to say something kind to Laura.Finally，she managed， "Do you know，Laura，that I've worked in this room with you for several years？And when I （5） ______ every time，I see your head silhouetted（使呈现轮廓）against the window there behind you.I think you have the prettiest profile and hair that I have ever （6） ______ on anybody." Her words were not false （7） ______ .She meant it.
Laura looked up and said， "That's the first kind word anybody has ever （8） ______ to me since I've worked here." After that，they often talked to each other after work.Through their （9） ______ .Mandy realized that Laura's coldness was not （10） ______ arrogance（傲慢），but to shyness.They soon became friends.Other colleagues soon began to （11） ______ Laura in their activities，and she blossomed like a flower that，for the first time，had found sunlight.The right words made all the （12） ______ when spoken in kindness.
Words carry the （13） ______ to tear down or to build up.When they are both sincere and kind，they are instruments that （14） ______ great power.Never ignore the potential and power of （15） ______ .
21.  A. wandered B. bargained C. worked D. ran
22.  A. like B. remember C. please D. respect
23.  A. dishonest B. silly C. innocent D. distant
24.  A. anger B. prejudice C. puzzlement D. disappointment
25.  A. show up B. break up C. glance up D. call up
26.  A. heard B. seen C. imagined D. drawn
27.  A. praise B. advice C. information D. assumption
28.  A. sent B. written C. said D. left
29.  A. conversation B. appointment C. cooperation D. negotiation
30.  A. leading to B. equal to C. devoted to D. due to
31.  A. involve B. motivate C. challenge D. blame
32.  A. progress B. difference C. impression D. fun
33.  A. responsibility B. meaning C. weight D. potential
34.  A. limit B. replace C. own D. consume
35.  A. behavior B. words C. encouragement D. friendship
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Wildlife all over the world （1） ______ （ damage） by climate change for decades，but certain species are suffering more than others.Polar animals （2） ______ icy natural habitat is melting in the warmer temperatures are （3） ______ （ particular） at risk.In fact，experts believe that the Arctic sea is melting at （4） ______ alarming rate —9% per decade!Polar bears need sea ice to be able to hunt，raise their young and as places to rest after long periods of swimming.Certain seal species，like ringed seals，make caves in the snow and ice （5） ______ （ raise） their pups，feed and mate.
It's not just polar animals that are in trouble.Apes like orangutans，which live in the rainforests of Indonesia，are （6） ______ threat as their habitat is cut down，and more droughts cause more bushfires.
Sea turtles rely on nesting beaches to lay their eggs，many of which are threatened by rising sea levels.Did you know that the temperature of nests determines whether the eggs are male or female？（ 7） ______ （ fortunate），with temperatures on the rise，this could mean that more females are born than males，（ 8） ______ （threaten） future turtle populations.
Climate change won't just affect animals；it's already having impact on people，too.Most （9） ______ （ affect） people are some of the people who grow the food we eat every day.Farming communities，especially in developing countries，are facing （10） ______ （ high） temperatures，increased rain，floods and droughts.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、单词拼写-单句（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
37. I saw a little girl ______ （蹦跳）with her friends when I passed by. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
38. Beethoven ______ （创作） a large amount of very famous music. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
39. You should have the application forms ______ （提交）as early as possible. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
40. Our heartfelt ______ （同情）goes out to the victims of the war.
41. The beautiful translation of this poem quite ______ （符合）to the original. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
42. We need to buy more ______ （家具） for the new office. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
43. Nowadays，problems on network security emerge more ______ （频繁）. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
44. The headmaster meant to hire a young lady ______ （有资格的）for teaching English in his school. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
45. Paris and Berlin are the capital cities of France and Germany， ______ （分别）. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
46. It was difficult to decide between the ______ （候选人）. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
47. 假设你是李华，你校将开展一次主题为"低碳生活"的演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
（1）低碳生活的意义；
（2）你的做法；
（3）你的呼吁。
注意：
（1）词数 80 左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

48. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One fall，my wife Elli and I had a single goal：to photograph polar bears.We were staying at a research camp outside "the polar bear capital of the world" - the town of Churchill in Manitoba，Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous.Polar bears - like all wild animals - should be photographed from a safe distance.When I'm face to face with a polar bear，I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens.But sometimes，that is easier said than done.This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner，a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high wire fence.He pulled and bit the wire.He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew.We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off.Not this polar bear though - he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws （爪子）.
I radioed the camp manager for help.He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived.Making the best of this close encounter （相遇），I took some pictures of the bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment.The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray.The spray burns the bears' eyes，but doesn't hurt them.So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence，sprayed him in the face.With an angry roar（吼叫），the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.
注意：续写词数应为150词左右。
Paragraph 1：
A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp._________
Paragraph 2：
At that very moment，the helicopter arrived.__________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段的Sophie will also present some of the reasons why so few people study laughter scientifically.（苏菲还将介绍为什么很少有人科学地研究笑的原因。）可知你能从苏菲的谈话中得到的信息是笑没有足够的科学研究。故选 B。
（2）数字计算题。根据What's included in your ticket后面的Live lecture lasting 60 minutes，including Q&A （Question and Answer） with Sophie Scott.（现场讲座，时长 60分钟，包括与Sophie Scott的问答环节。）可知，如果你花钱听苏菲的演讲，你能当面提问。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段You can buy a single ticket to one lecture for just £13 （early booking rate），or save 25% by buying a series ticket to all four live online Health and Wellbeing Series lectures.（你可以只花13英镑（提前预订）就能买到一场讲座的单程票，或者购买四场在线健康与健康系列讲座的系列票可以节省25%。）可知，一场讲座的票是13英镑，四场讲座是52英镑，减去25%（13英镑），实际需要付39英镑。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。文中介绍了一位研究笑的科学家举办讲座的内容与收费标准。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、C、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段We might fail an exam or not win a prize in some competition.Later in life，we may not get the job we want or be as successful as we hoped we would be.（我们可能考试不及格或在某些比赛中不能获奖。在以后的生活中，我们可能不会得到我们想要的工作，或者不像我们希望的那样成功。）可知，生活中比赛失利、朋友面前表演出丑和没有获奖都是惨败，D项"因为朋友的过错而被责备"不是惨败。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Hillary Clinton，on the other hand，could not accept her epic fail but，instead，wrote a bitter book about it in which she blamed everyone but herself for the loss.（另一方面，Hillary Clinton无法接受自己的惨败，而是写了一本关于失败的苦涩的书，在书中，她将失败归咎于所有人，唯独没有责怪自己。）可知，对于失败，Hillary Clinton责怪其他所有人而没有责怪自己，所以她没有认识到自己在失败中的责任。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段首句All of us can expect to have epic fails in our life.（我们每个人在生活中都有惨败。）可知，我们在生活中都可能遇到惨败。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段But if we manage to keep our sense of humor and a positive attitude，we can overcome our epic fails.One embarrassing mistake or even a serious disappointment does not mean the end of the world.（但是如果我们能保持我们的幽默感和积极的态度，我们就能战胜我们的失败。一个令人尴尬的错误，甚至是一个严重的失望并不意味着世界末日。）提到，有正确的态度就能战胜失败，结合第四段Here's a historical example of what I mean.（这里有一个历史上的例子。）及本段内容可知，作者提到阿尔弗雷德大帝的例子是为了证明自己的上述观点，即正确的态度能战胜所有的惨败。故选B。
这是一篇议论文，"epic fail"表示"惨败"，它不是正确的语法，但是使用非常频繁，作者通过阿尔弗雷德大帝的事例说明人生难免有惨败，但是只要我们保持幽默和乐观，我们就能战胜失败。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】B、B、C、D
【解析】略
1. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐的新方法，那就是将本地监控与智能手机警报相结合的智能巡逻的方法。
根据第三段中的illegal logging, agriculture and coca cultivation particularly threaten the Amazon in the Peruvian Indigenous communities and outsiders are often the culprits (罪魁祸首). The research team wondered if providing training for local people to use satellite-based "early deforestation alerts" could help.（非法采伐、农业和可可种植尤其威胁到秘鲁土著群落的亚马逊地区，外来者往往是罪魁祸首。研究团队想知道，为当地人提供培训，让他们使用基于卫星的“早期毁林警报”是否会有所帮助。）可知，因为非法采伐、农业和可可种植等因素，亚马逊雨林面临着毁林问题，因此研究团队开展了基于卫星的“早期毁林警报”项目，看看是否能够有所帮助，由此可知，研究团队开展该项目的目的是解决亚马逊雨林的毁林问题。故选B。
2. 根据第三段中的Over the next two years...which decided whether to deal with the culprits on their own or inform state authorities.（在接下来的两年里，这些经过培训的参与者获得报酬，担任森林监测员，并在卫星数据显示当地森林损失时，通过应用程序每月收到警报。监测人员调查了警报，巡逻了其他地区的森林砍伐情况，并将确认的损失报告给他们的社区，由社区决定是自己处理问题，还是通知国家当局。）可知，森林监测员通过应用程序每月收到警报，再根据警报提示确认森林砍伐情况，并报告给社区，由此可知，基于社区的监测是通过将本地监控与智能手机警报相结合进行工作的。故选B。

3. 根据最后一段关键句Experts say this approach to tackling Amazonian deforestation looks promising. "Would this work in all communities that have high risk of deforestation? Given the results, it's worth a try," says Catherine Tucker, a researcher at the University of Florida.（专家表示，这种解决亚马逊森林砍伐问题的方法看起来很有希望。佛罗里达大学的研究员Catherine Tucker说：“这对所有森林砍伐风险高的社区都有效吗？鉴于结果，值得一试。”）可知，Catherine Tucker认为这种解决亚马逊森林砍伐问题的方法在其他地区也值得一试，由此可知，Catherine Tucker对这种方法是赞成的态度。故选C。

4. 通读全文，结合文章第二段内容（最近的一项研究表明，将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐，并可能遏制其他地区的森林砍伐。）可知，本文主要介绍了一种有助于遏制亚马逊地区的森林砍伐的新方法，那就是将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，将本地监控与智能手机警报相结合的智能巡逻的方法，D项（智能巡逻与森林砍伐作斗争）作为题目最合适。故选D。

12~15.【答案】A、B、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据首段末句While migraines can occur partly because of genetic factors，attacks may happen by chance，set off by a cause in the environment. （虽然偏头痛的发生部分是由于遗传因素，但发作也可能是偶然发生的，由环境中的原因引起的。）可知，环境也可以引起偏头痛。故选A。
（2）段落大意题。根据第二段前两句One common cause is food，and some common dietary causes include alcohol，salt，sugar，chocolate，and caffeine.But there are many others，and scientists continue to identify more. （一个常见的原因是食物，一些常见的饮食原因包括酒精、盐、糖、巧克力和咖啡因。但还有很多其他的，科学家们还在继续发现更多。）可知，本句主要介绍引起偏头痛的原因。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段第二句A new study published last year by a team of researchers found that a diet higher in fish oils rather than vegetable oils helped people ease their headaches. （一组研究人员去年发表的一项新研究发现，鱼油含量高于植物油的饮食可以帮助人们缓解头痛。）可知，去年的新研究发现鱼油可以帮助人们缓解头痛。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段，倒数第二段，尤其是最后一段Clearly，people with migraines react to food in very different ways.What works for one person may not work for another. （很明显，偏头痛患者对食物的反应非常不同。对一个人有效的方法可能对另一个人无效。）可知，鱼肉对Tanya的偏头痛有缓解作用，但是对于一名60岁的老人并没有，所以说明食物对偏头痛的影响因人而异。A．To prove that different foods can help with migraines.证明不同的食物对偏头痛有帮助；B．To tell that both fish and plants have good effects on migraines.说明鱼和植物对偏头痛都有很好的疗效；C．To suggest that fish oils work better than plant oils on reducing migraines.表明鱼油在减轻偏头痛方面比植物油更有效；D．To show that the influences of food on migraines vary from person to person.证明食物对偏头痛的影响因人而异。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了引起偏头痛的可能原因以及缓解偏头痛的一些食物，但是食物对偏头痛的影响因人而异。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】D、E、C、A、G
【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文If someone is too smart，somebody with lower intelligence may not like them as they might feel that they look worse in comparison，In contrast，a really smart person might feel that somebody with lower intelligence is less likable.（如果有人太聪明，较低智商的人可能不喜欢他们，因为和太聪明人相比，他们会自惭形秽。比较起来，一个很聪明的人可能不喜欢较低智商的人。）可知，聪明和被喜欢之间的关系很复杂。因此D.The relationship between intelligence and being liked is complex. （聪明和被喜欢之间的关系很复杂。）符合语境。故选D。
（2）联系下文题。根据下文In the study，researcher Maria Flakus and her team analyzed data gathered from Polish high school students. （在这个研究中，研究员Maria Flakus和她的团队分析来自波兰一所高中的学生的数据。）可知，空格处因该是开展了一项研究。因此E.A recent study looked into the link between intelligence and being liked，（一项研究调查聪明和被喜欢之间的联系。）符合语境。故选 E。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文However，they tended to like fewer people than less intelligent students. （然而，他们喜欢的人要比不聪明的学生喜欢的人要少。）可知，聪明的学生被许多人喜欢，但是他们喜欢的人却很少。因此C.Intelligent students were liked better by their classmates. （聪明的学生比较被他们的同学喜欢。）符合语境。故选C。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文Thus，over time，the importance of intelligence in building social relationships decreases. （因此，随着时间的推移，在构建社会关系中聪明的重要性降低了。）可知，在构建社会关系中，聪明只是一个因素，还有其它的因素。因此A.Instead，other factors become more important. （相反，其它因素变得重要起来。）符合语境。故选A。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文This may become problematic if the smart students are viewed as too proud. （如果聪明学生被认为太自傲，这可能会成为问题。）可知，聪明学生容易被孤立，因此下文是他们应该注意的事情。G.Thus，smart people may wish to be careful to take care of their social relationships. （因此，聪明学生可能希望小心地照顾他们的社会关系。）符合语境。故选G。
这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了影响人们彼此喜欢的因素。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】C、A、D、B、C、B、A、C、A、D、A、B、D、C、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.wandered徘徊；B.bargained讨价还价；C.worked工作；D.ran跑。句意：在Mandy工作的零售商店的房间里坐着一个与Mandy年龄相仿的女人，她叫Laura。根据下句"Other workers did not（2）Laura"可知，Laura也是这里的工人，工作在这里。故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.like喜欢；B.remember记起；C.please使高兴；D.respect尊敬。句意：其他工人都不喜欢她。根据下文"Mandy realized that Laura's coldness was not（10）arrogance，but to shyness."可知，Mandy认识到Laura的冷漠不是由于傲慢，只是害羞。因此在此处大家觉得她很冷漠，不喜欢她。故选A。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.dishonest不诚实的；B.silly愚蠢的；C.innocent无辜的；D.distant遥远的，冷漠的。句意：包括Mandy在内的工人都对她不好，认为她很冷漠。根据下文"Mandy realized that Laura's coldness was not 10 arrogance，but to shyness."可知，Mandy认识到Laura的冷漠不是由于傲慢，只是害羞。因此在此处大家不喜欢她，觉得她很冷漠。故选D。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.anger生气；B.prejudice偏见；C.puzzlement迷惑；D.disappointment失望。句意：但是扫除了来自她眼中的偏见，Mandy决心有好地跟她说话。根据下文"Mandy made up her mind to say something kind to Laura."可知，Mandy决心友好地跟她说话，因此她首先是扫除了来自她眼中的偏见。故选B。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.show up 露面；B.break up打碎，结束；C.glance up抬头瞥见；D.call up打电话。句意：当每次我抬头，就会瞥见你的头靠在你身后墙上的轮廓。根据下句"I see your head silhouetted（使呈现轮廓）against the window there behind you."可知，Mandy每次抬头，就会瞥见Laura的头在身后墙上的轮廓。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.heard听见；B.seen看见；C.imagined想象；D.drawn素描。句意：我认为你拥有最美的轮廓和头发，这是我在其他人身上从未见到的。根据上句"I see your head silhouetted（使呈现轮廓）against the window there behind you."可知，Mandy说这是她见到的最美的轮廓和头发。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.praise表扬；B.advice建议；C.information信息；D.assumption假定。句意：她的话语不是虚假的表扬。根据"She meant it."可知，她是认真的，不是虚假的表扬。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.sent发送；B.written写；C.said说；D.left离开。句意：Laura抬起头来说："这是自从我工作在这里，有人对我说过的第一句友好的话语。这是有人对Laura说过的第一句友好的话语。故选C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.conversation交谈；B.appointment任命；C.cooperation合作；D.negotiation谈判。句意：通过交谈，Mandy认识到Laura的冷漠不是由于傲慢，只是害羞。根据上句 "After that，they often talked to each other after work."可知，她们经常交谈。通过交谈，就会加深了解。故选A。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.leading to导致；B.equal to 等于，胜任；C.devoted to致力于；D.due to由于。句意：通过交谈，Mandy认识到Laura的冷漠不是由于傲慢，只是害羞。根据空后"arrogance，but to shyness."可知，空格处表原因。故选D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.involve参与；B.motivate刺激；C.challenge挑战；D.blame责备。句意：其他同事也开始让Laura参与到他们的活动中。根据上句"They soon became friends."可知，成为朋友后，就会一起参加各种活动。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.progress进步；B.difference不同；C.impression印象；D.fun趣事。句意：恰当的话语被用友好的态度讲出来，就会产生不同的效果。根据空后"when spoken in kindness"可知，恰当的话语被用友好的态度讲出来，就会产生不同的效果。"make the difference（产生不同的效果）"。故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.responsibility责任；B.meaning含义；C.weight重量；D.potential潜力。句意：语言拥有诋毁或者增进的潜力。根据后文"Never ignore the potential and power of LS"可知，语言拥有无限的潜力和力量。故选D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.limit限制；B.replace代替；C.own拥有；D.consume消费。句意：当语言真诚，友好的时候，它们就是拥有巨大力量的器械。根据上句 Words carry the（13）to tear down or to build up可知，语言拥有极大的潜力。故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.behavior行为；B.words话语；C.encouragement鼓励；D.friendship友谊。句意：千万不要忽略语言的潜力和力量。根据上句"When they are both sincere and kind，they are instruments that（14）great power."可知，本段在谈话语的巨大力量。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。通过讲述了Mandy用友好态度的话，改变了同事Laura的生活。最后告诉我们千万不要忽略语言的力量，要让自己话语改变其他人的生活。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】has been damaged
【小题2】whose
【小题3】particularly
【小题4】an
【小题5】to raise
【小题6】under
【小题7】Unfortunately
【小题8】threatening
【小题9】affected
【小题10】higher
【解析】（1）考查谓语动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：几十年来，世界各地的野生动物都受到气候变化的破坏，但某些物种比其他物种遭受的损失更大。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应时间状语"for decades"谓语动词为现在完成时，主语"Wildlife"和damage之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has been damaged。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：极地动物的自然栖息地在温暖的气温下正在融化，它们的处境尤其危险。先行词为"Polar animals"，在定语从句中充当定语。故填whose。
（3）考查副词。句意：极地动物的自然栖息地在温暖的气温下正在融化，它们的处境尤其危险。空处应为副词修饰介词短语"at risk"。故填particularly。
（4）考查冠词。句意：事实上，专家们认为北冰洋正在以惊人的速度融化——每十年9% ！空处应为不定冠词表示泛指，且照应空后词"alarming"为元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：某些海豹物种，比如环斑海豹，会在冰雪中挖洞来养育幼崽、觅食和交配。空处应为不定式作目的状语。故填to raise。
（6）考查介词。句意：生活在印度尼西亚热带雨林中的猩猩正面临威胁，因为它们的栖息地被砍伐，更多的干旱导致更多的丛林大火。固定搭配under threat"受到威胁"。故填under。
（7）考查副词。句意：不幸的是，随着气温的上升，这可能意味着出生的雌性海龟多于雄性，威胁到未来的海龟数量。空处应为副词修饰整个句子，再结合句意"出生的雌性海龟多于雄性，威胁到未来的海龟数量"可知，这是不幸的事，故应为提示词的反义词。故填Unfortunately。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：不幸的是，随着气温的上升，这可能意味着出生的雌性海龟多于雄性，威胁到未来的海龟数量。空处应为非谓语动词，且表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填threatening。
（9）考查过去分词。句意：受影响最大的人是那些种植我们每天吃的食物的人。空处应为非谓语动词。且提示词和被修饰词"people"之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填affected。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：农业社区，特别是发展中国家的农业社区，正面临着气温升高、降雨增多、洪水和干旱。根据句意可知，受到全球变暖的气候影响，温度比之前更高，故应为比较级。故填higher。
本文是一篇说明文。受到气候变化的影响，在温暖的气温下，不仅使极地动物，亚热带雨林中动物面临危险的生存环境，而且发展中国家的农业社区也正面临着各种自然灾害。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

37.【答案】skipping
【解析】根据汉语提示"蹦跳"，应为动词skip，根据固定搭配see sb.doing sth. "看到某人正在做某事"，故用现在分词作宾补。
故填：skipping。
当我经过的时候，我看到一个小女孩和她的朋友们在蹦蹦跳跳。
准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

38.【答案】composed
【解析】空处在句中为谓语，根据汉语提示可知，此处用动词compose，结合句意，动作发生在过去，所以时态为一般过去时。
故填：composed。
贝多芬创作了大量非常著名的音乐。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

39.【答案】submitted
【解析】根据汉意提示，应为动词submit表示"提交"，have sth done表示"使某事被做"，宾语the application forms与submit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
故填：submitted。
你应该尽早提交申请表格。
过去分词表被动，可以作宾补。

40.【答案】sympathy
【解析】根据句意和汉语提示可知此空使用名词sympathy"同情"，这是不可数名词。
故填：sympathy。
我们向战争的受害者表示衷心的同情。
翻译填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。

41.【答案】corresponds
【解析】分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意和所给中文提示词"符合"，应是correspond，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词translation，谓语用第三人称单数形式。
故填：corresponds。
这首诗的优美译文与原文十分相符。
准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

42.【答案】furniture
【解析】根据汉意提示，应为furniture表示"家具"作buy的宾语，且为不可数名词。
故填：furniture。
我们需要为新办公室买更多的家具。
牢记furniture为不可数名词。

43.【答案】frequently
【解析】根据汉意提示"频繁"，可知应为副词frequently修饰动词"emerge"。
故填：frequently。
当今社会，网络安全问题层出不穷。
准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

44.【答案】qualified
【解析】根据括号内词义，"有资格的"可译为qualified，分析句子结构可知，缺少形容词作定语。
故填：qualified。
校长打算聘请一位有资格在学校教英语的年轻女士。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

45.【答案】respectively
【解析】根据汉意提示"分别"，此处应为副词respectively，作状语，修饰整个句子。
故填：respectively。
巴黎和柏林分别是法国和德国的首都。
准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

46.【答案】candidates
【解析】根据括号内词义，"候选人"可译为candidate，分析句子可知，此处在句中作宾语，结合the可知，此处应填名词，由between可知，候选人不止一个，应用复数。
故填：candidates。
很难在候选人之间作出决定。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

47.【答案】Dear teachers and fellow students!
Nowadays，continued greenhouse gas emissions have resulted in global warming，which requires the attention of people all over the world.【高分句型一】As individuals，we can reduce our "carbon footprint" by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.（低碳生活的意义）
As for me，I have made some small changes in my daily life.First，now I go to school by bike instead of taking a bus or having my parents drive me there.Moreover，whether at home or school，I turn off the lights whenever l am not using them.【高分句型二】Besides，I often donate the used textbooks to the students of lower grades so that the papers will not be wasted.I genuinely believe that all these steps taken can help reduce my impact on the environment.（你的做法）
In fact，the earth is our common and only home.So let's take action to build a better and greener future for all of us!（你的呼吁）
That's all.Thank you!
【解析】高分句型一：Nowadays，continued greenhouse gas emissions have resulted in global warming，which requires the attention of people all over the world.
翻译：如今，持续的温室气体排放导致了全球变暖，这需要全世界人民的关注。
分析：运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Moreover，whether at home or school，I turn off the lights whenever l am not using them.
翻译：此外，不管是在家里还是在学校，只要我不用灯，我就会关掉它们。
分析：运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

48.【答案】A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp.Roars and screams pierced the silence with needle-like shrillness.The noises turned Elli and I pale with horror.I feared that the giant would destroy our whole fence.He roared repeatedly，shattering what was left of the silence. 【高分句型一】Elli seized this opportunity to take some pictures of the bear.The animal's noises echoed all around us.We betrayed our feelings by huddling together，shivering with fear.After thoroughly scrutinizing the area，he trotted forward a few steps.（描写人和熊搏斗的场景）
At that very moment，the helicopter arrived.My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved.Elli used pepper spray again to buy us enough time.But this time the bear became more alert.He regarded us with the merciless necessity of hunger，so we throw all the food we have.【高分句型二】He then turned away and started devouring.As we were climbing the rope ladder，Elli prayed like thousand times to show thankfulness of being safe and sound.（描述危急的场景，主人翁喜极而泣，最后成功逃脱）
【解析】本文为记叙文。本文主要讲述了主人公如何与北极熊周旋，之后成功脱险的故事。

高分句型一：I feared that the giant would destroy our whole fence.He roared repeatedly，shattering what was left of the silence.
译文：我担心巨人会毁掉我们的整个栅栏。他不停地咆哮，打破了沉默。
分析：这句话使用that引导宾语从句，现在分词短语作状语，what引导宾语从句。
高分句型二：He regarded us with the merciless necessity of hunger，so we throw all the food we have.
译文：他无情地认为我们必须挨饿，所以我们扔掉所有的食物。
分析：这句话使用so引导结果状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
     每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
     （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
     一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
     （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
     根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
     （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
     在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。