专题11 完形填空（新高考15空）-2021年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编（解析版）

这是一份专题11 完形填空（新高考15空）-2021年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编（解析版），共28页。

专题11 完形填空（新高考15空）

1. （2021·新高考I卷）
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 1 little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its 2 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring break, for which I had no 4 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 5 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 7 .
Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 12 .
Dad 13 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 14 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
1．A．sold B．ordered C．made D．reserved
2．A．stores B．families C．schools D．citizens
3．A．generous B．financial C．technical D．temporary
4．A．plans B．problems C．excuses D．hobbies
5．A．offer B．earn C．set D．suggest
6．A．worked B．closed C．developed D．survived
7．A．ambition B．permission C．experience D．invitation
8．A．joys B．ideas C．roles D．choices
9．A．Save B．Keep C．Stop D．Remove
10．A．harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper
11．A．Calm down B．Slow down C．Stay on D．Move on
12．A．indicated B．witnessed C．expected D．remembered
13．A．cried B．smiled C．hesitated D．refused
14．A．tasting B．finding C．sharing D．delivering
15．A．withdraw B．donate C．receive D．appreciate
【答案】
1．C
2．A
3．D
4．A
5．B
6．A
7．B
8．C
9．D
10．A
11．B
12．C
13．B
14．D
15．D
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
1．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
2．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选A。
3．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的； D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
4．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。
5．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
6．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
7．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。
8．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务； D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。故选C。
9．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
10．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
11．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。故选B。
12．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。故选C。
13．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
14．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。
15．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。



Passage 1（2021·重庆南开中学高三月考）
A scary new virus swept over the globe and the virus knocked on my door a few weeks ago when I was 1 at the clinic where I work. Five days later, I got the first call from Public Health 2 me know I was thought “low risk,” luckily, I could self-monitor and carry on as usual. What a 3 !
But then I got the second call.…It came from Public Health revising my category to “exclusion”— a 4 technical way of saying self-isolation, I felt that my 5 had been turned upside down. Everything took a 6 — my family, the clinic and its patients, my income. Did Public Health 7 make the right decision? After 8 the news to my family, I was greeted with love and encouragement. It was then that I lifted the weight 9 my soul.
So I picked out 10 clothes from my closet, grabbed essential items and moved to the basement. I pieced together a desk to work on and I would only see my family when I went 11 to eat meals. 12 meals, I sat at the far end of the dining table, at least two meters away. And my own family was 13 at home as much as possible. In the basement, I used the isolation as a rare opportunity to 14 many projects that I hadn’t had time for.
I had no doubt that this crisis will end, as all the crises happened before. And it was our choice on 15 it brought out good or bad results.
1．A．exposed B．operated C．moved D．stayed
2．A．allowing B．informing C．letting D．telling
3．A．relief B．joy C．confusion D．coincidence
4．A．little B．less C．few D．more
5．A．work B．clinic C．family D．life
6．A．shot B．hit C．chance D．form
7．A．partly B．slowly C．really D．fortunately
8．A．having B．breaking C．sharing D．hearing
9．A．in B．above C．off D．on
10．A．formal B．expensive C．wonderful D．spare
11．A．downstairs B．upstairs C．outwards D．inwards
12．A．Over B．On C．After D．Before
13．A．sleeping B．meeting C．working D．staying
14．A．work on B．depend on C．live on D．put on
15．A．what B．whether C．how D．why

【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D
11．B 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B
【分析】
本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者接触新型冠状病毒之后自我隔离的过程。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一种可怕的新病毒席卷全球，几周前，当我在我工作的诊所接触到病毒时，病毒来找我。A. exposed暴露，揭露；B. operated操作；C. moved移动；D. stayed停留。根据下文“But then I got the second call. …It came from Public Health revising my category to “exclusion” - a ___4___technical way of saying self-isolation, I felt that my ___5___ had been turned upside down.”可知，作者接触到了病毒。故选A。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我接到公共卫生部门的第一个电话，让我知道我被认为是“低风险”，幸运的是，我可以自我监测并像往常一样进行。A. allowing允许；B. informing通知；C. letting让；D. telling告诉，讲述。根据常识可知，卫生部门打电话给我，应该是让让作者知道属于低风险地区。故选C。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：真的是松了一口气。A. relief减轻，解除；B. joy开心；C. confusion困惑；D. coincidence巧合。根据上文“Five days later, I got the first call from Public Health ___2___me know I was thought “low risk," luckily, I could self-monitor and carry on as usual.”作者属于低风险去，可以像往常一样，所以作者是松了一口气。故选A。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：《公共卫生》将我的分类修改为“排除”——更专业的说法是自我隔离，我觉得我的生活被彻底颠覆了。A. little小的，很少的；B. less更小的，更少的；C. few很少的，几乎没有；D. more更多的。根据常识可知，“自我隔离”比“排除”这个说法，更加专业；因此用比较级more修饰形容词technical。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：《公共卫生》将我的分类修改为“排除”——更专业的说法是自我隔离，我觉得我的生活被彻底颠覆了。根据下文“Everything took a ___6___— my family, the clinic and its patients, my income.”我的家庭、诊所和病人，以及收入都受到了打击，可知是作者的生活彻底地颠覆了，故选D。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切都受到了打击——我的家庭、诊所和诊所里的病人、我的收入。A. shot发射，镜头；B. hit打击；C. chance机会，机遇；D. form形式。根据上文作者的生活彻底地被颠覆了，可知此处指的是一切收到了打击。故选B。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：公共卫生部真地做出了正确的决定吗?A. partly部分地；B. slowly 缓慢地；C. really真正地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据下文“After ___8___ the news to my family, I was greeted with love and encouragement. It was then that I lifted the weight ___9___my soul. ”把这个消息告诉家人后，我得到了爱和鼓励。就在那时，我卸下了灵魂的重负。可知，作者在前在怀疑卫生部门真地做出了正确的决定吗？故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个消息告诉家人后，我得到了爱和鼓励。就在那时，我卸下了灵魂的重负。A. having拥有；B. breaking破裂，透露；C. sharing分享；D. hearing听见。根据下文“I was greeted with love and encouragement”可知，作者把这个消息告诉了家人。break the news为公布消息，道出实情，故选B。
9．考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我卸下了灵魂的重负。A. in在……里面B. above 在……上面C. off离开；D. on在……上面。根据上文可知，作者得到了鼓励和爱，所以此处指的是卸下了负担。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我从壁橱里挑了一些备用的衣服，拿了一些必需品，搬到了地下室。A. formal正式的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. wonderful精彩的；D. spare空闲的，备用的。根据下文moved to the basement，可知，作者搬到地下室去了，应该是挑些备用的衣服。故选D。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我拼凑了一张桌子来工作，我只有在上楼吃饭的时候才能见到我的家人。A. downstairs在楼下；B. upstairs在楼上；C. outwards向外地；inwards向内地。根据上文可知，作者搬到地下室去居住了，根据常识可知，作者吃饭应该是上楼去。故选B。
12．考查介词词义辨析。句意：吃饭时，我坐在餐桌的另一端，至少有两米远。A. Over在……之上，从头到尾；B. On在……上面；C. After在……之后；D. Before在……之前。此处指的是吃饭期间，作者在在餐桌的另一端。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自己的家人尽可能待在家里。A. sleeping睡觉；B. meeting遇见；C. working工作；D. staying停留。由常识可知，新型冠状病毒期间，大家都待在家里。故选D。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在地下室里，我利用这种与世隔绝的状态，做了很多我没有时间做的项目。A. work on从事，致力于；B. depend on决定；C. live on以……为生；D. put on穿上。此处表示从事项目。故选A。
15．考查宾语从句。句意：结果是好是坏由我们自己决定。A. what什么；B. whether是否；C. how怎样；D. why为什么。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入宾语从句的连接词，句子中不缺少成分，并且表示“是否”。故选B。
Passage 2（2021·辽宁丹东市·高三一模）
In Alsager, England, 45-year-old David Scott brought his infant son into the backyard. As they 1 their trampoline（蹦床）, they saw shadow. No, it was 2 . There was a wild animal, over two feet tall, walking through David’s garden 3 close to the child. David reacted how most people would: by shouting.
Anna, a primary school teacher, 4 her husband in the yard. "I thought it was a dog at first. But with a bushy tail, I thought it might be a wolf." Anna later said. The family had no 5 as to what the animal could be. Would this wild animal 6 their young son? As the animal approached, the couple could only fear for their child.
Anna took photos of the animal, posted them on Facebook and asked people for help. While many people 7 to Anna’s Facebook post, one answer 8 . It was from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals（RSPCA）, and they had some 9 news for Anna. According to the RSPCA, the animal was a silver fox. Silver foxes are incredibly 10 especially in the United Kingdom, because they are frequently hunted for their 11 fur.
The Stapeley Grange Wildlife Centre checked the animal and confirmed that he was 12 , but "a little overweight." As a result, it was believed that he was a lost or 13 pet. Foxes like "Shadow" require 14 care that the average pet owner is not able to provide. The employees at Stapeley Grange announced that they would hand "Shadow" over to a specialist owner. These specialists understand how to take care of foxes properly, and they are highly 15 .
1．A．attacked B．inspected C．introduced D．approached
2．A．moving B．shaking C．standing D．gathering
3．A．instantly B．dangerously C．happily D．cautiously
4．A．joined B．interrupted C．protected D．warned
5．A．proof B．plan C．idea D．intention
6．A．harm B．surround C．bother D．accept
7．A．responded B．submitted C．attended D．referred
8．A．came along B．got in C．stood out D．gave in
9．A．interesting B．developing C．surprising D．disappointing
10．A．rare B．simple C．common D．loyal
11．A．bright B．light C．worthy D．valuable
12．A．wounded B．healthy C．sick D．violent
13．A．controlled B．puzzled C．worried D．abandoned
14．A．sensitive B．considerate C．specific D．reliable
15．A．educated B．determined C．experienced D．focused

【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A
11．D 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妇在花园发现一只野生动物，然后拍照在网上发帖，最后被确认是稀有动物银狐，送与专门人员喂养。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们走近蹦床时，他们看到了一个影子。A. attacked攻击；B. inspected检查；C. introduced介绍；D. approached靠近。根据后文“they saw shadow”语境和常识可知，他们走近了，才能看到那东西。故选D项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不，它在动。A. moving移动；B. shaking摇晃；C. standing站立；D. gathering聚集。根据后文“There was a wild animal”可知，“影子”是个野兽，根据后文“walking through David’s garden”可知，它在移动。所以故选A项。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一只超过两英尺高的野兽正穿过大卫的花园，危险地离孩子很近。A. instantly立刻地； B. dangerously危险地；C. happily快乐地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据前文“There was a wild animal, over two feet tall, walking through David’s garden”及后文“close to the child”等信息可知，有个野兽穿过花园，所以对婴儿是有一定危险的。故选B项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小学教师Anna和丈夫一起到院子里。A. joined加入；B. interrupted打断；C. protected保护；D. warned警告。根据前文“David reacted how most people would: by shouting.”可知，有个野兽穿过花园，危及婴儿，David大声喊叫，所以妻子安娜也加入进来一起到院子里。故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人不知道这是什么动物。A. proof证明；B. plan计划；C. idea想法；D. intention意图。根据前文Anna 所说“I thought it was a dog at first. But with a bushy tail, I thought it might be a wolf.”可知，他们不知道这是什么动物。have no idea=don’t know“不知道”，符合句意。故选C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只野生动物会伤害他们年幼的儿子吗？ A. harm伤害；B. surround包围；C. bother打扰；D. accept接受。根据前文语境以及后文“As the animal approached, the couple could only fear for their child.”可知，他们担心这只野兽会伤害他们的孩子。故选A项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多人都回复了Anna在脸书上的帖子，但有一个答案脱颖而出。A. responded回应，回复；B. submitted提交；C. attended出席；D. referred谈及。根据前文“Anna took photos of the animal, posted them on Facebook and asked people for help.”以及后文“one answer ____8____.”可知，此处指“回复”。故选A项。
8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然很多人都回复了Anna在脸书上的帖子，但有一个答案脱颖而出。A. came along过来；B. got in进入；C. stood out突出；D. gave in屈服。根据本句“While many people ____7____ to Anna’s Facebook post, one answer ____8____.”的转折语义以及后文“According to the RSPCA, the animal was a silver fox.”可知，有一条回复很突出。故选C项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是皇家防止虐待动物协会(RSPCA)发来的，他们给Anna带来了一些令人惊讶的消息。A. interesting有趣的；B. developing发展中的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据后文“According to the RSPCA, the animal was a silver fox.”可知，这是Anna没有料到的消息，所以说“令人惊讶”。故选C项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：银狐非常稀有，尤其是在英国，因为它们经常被猎杀，以获取其珍贵的皮毛。A. rare稀有的，罕见的；B. simple简单的；C. common普通的；D. loyal忠诚的。根据后文“because they are frequently hunted for their ____11____ fur.”和常识可知，这种动物经常因其皮毛被猎杀，应该是“稀有的”。故选A项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：银狐非常罕见，尤其是在英国，因为它们经常被猎杀，以获取其珍贵的皮毛。A. bright明亮的；B. light轻的；C. worthy值得的；D. valuable有价值的，珍贵的。根据前文“because they are frequently hunted”以及常识可知，银狐的皮毛肯定是珍贵的。故选D项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯特佩利格兰奇野生动物中心检查了这只动物，确认它很健康，只是“有点超重”。A. wounded受伤的；B. healthy健康的；C. sick生病的；D. violent暴力的。根据后文“As a result, it was believed that he was a lost or ____13____ pet.”可知，这只银狐应该是走失的，或者是某人的宠物，进而推知，应该是健康的，其它选项如“受伤的；生病的；暴力的”文中均无线索，故排除。故选B项。
13．考查过去分词转化的形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，人们认为他是一只走失或被遗弃的宠物。A. controlled受控制的；B. puzzled迷惑的；C. worried忧虑的；D. abandoned被遗弃的。根据常识可知，宠物离家出走一种可能是自己走失的，另一种情况是主人遗弃的。故选D项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像“影子”这样的狐狸需要特殊的照顾，而一般的宠物主人是无法提供的。A. sensitive敏感的；B. considerate体贴的；C. specific特殊的；D. reliable可信赖的。根据后文“the average pet owner is not able to provide”以及“they would hand ‘Shadow’ over to a specialist owner”可知，一般的宠物主人无法照顾银狐，所以需要特殊照顾，要交给专业人员。故选C项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些专家知道如何正确地照顾狐狸，而且他们经验丰富。A. educated受过教育的；B. determined坚定的；C. experienced有经验的；D. focused专注的。根据上文“These specialists understand how to take care of foxes properly”可知，这些专家知道如何正确地照顾狐狸，从而推知，他们很有经验。故选C项。
Passage 3（2021·河北高三月考）
I was diving home after attending my uncle’s funeral. I took a canyon（峡谷）drive with beautiful scenery to process my 1 .
Suddenly I heard a pop. I knew what had happened — a big flat tire! I 2 to the side, but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder 3 , and it happened to be around a turning that people couldn’t see. That made it 4 .
Cars were passing me fast. I couldn’t get out. Within minutes, I saw a van stopped behind me. The gentleman walked out, 5 a hand, and I dared to walk out very 6 . He moved my car out of the 7 way while I was talking to the police. Since they couldn’t send 8 in 20-30 minutes. The gentleman took out my spare tire and started 9 the tire for me.
After the job was 10 , I thanked him and he left. As we said goodbye, I 11 him to pay it forward. I saw in my mirror that the van just 12 me, making sure I was OK. At the light, I got a chance to see the 13 family in the van. A beautiful young wife with attractive children in the back. They all gave me a big smile and 14 at me!
I thought the gentleman had set a successful example for those young children to learn about service and 15 .
1．A．anger B．time C．feelings D．work
2．A．pulled over B．pulled out C．pulled down D．pulled in
3．A．limit B．space C．speed D．height
4．A．dangerous B．inconvenient C．urgent D．uncommon
5．A．lifting B．clapping C．offering D．hiding
6．A．hopefully B．happily C．willingly D．carefully
7．A．special B．detailed C．accurate D．rough
8．A．assistance B．search C．information D．safety
9．A．moving B．changing C．fixing D．setting
10．A．delayed B．continued C．succeeded D．accomplished
11．A．persuaded B．inspired C．promised D．reminded
12．A．followed B．protected C．inspected D．chased
13．A．talkative B．impressive C．last D．entire
14．A．waved B．shouted C．laughed D．bowed
15．A．admiration B．loyalty C．passion D．sympathy

【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C
6．D 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在峡谷中驾车，不幸爆胎，得到一位绅士的帮助，并且受到热情的服务，这让作者万分感激。
1．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我在美丽的峡谷中驾车，来处理我的情绪。A. anger愤怒；B. time时间；C. feelings情绪；D. work工作。根据上文“I was diving home after attending my uncle’s funeral”可推知应该是处理自己的情绪，故选C。
2．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我把车停在路边，但这是一条峡谷路，路肩空间不大，而且刚好在一个人们看不到的转弯处。A. pulled over靠边停车；B. pulled out拔出；C. pulled down毁坏，拆毁；D. pulled in吸引。根据上文“I knew what had happened—a big flat tire，”可推断作者不得不靠边停车，故选A。
3．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我把车停在路边，但这是一条峡谷路，路肩空间不大，而且刚好在一个人们看不到的转弯处。A. limit限制；B. space空间；C. speed速度；D. height高度。根据上文“but this was a canyon drive，”可知空间应该不大，故选B。
4．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这让它变得很危险。A. dangerous危险的；B. inconvenient不方便的；C. urgent急迫的；D. uncommon不寻常的。根据下文“Cars were passing me fast. I couldn’t get out，”以及上文说空间不大，可推断是危险的，故选A。
5．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：那位先生走了出来，帮助我，而我非常小心地尝试走出来。A. lifting抬起；B. clapping拍手；C. offering提供；D. hiding隐藏。根据下文“He moved my car out of the ____7____way while I was talking to the police，”可知那位先生给我提供了帮助，故选C。
6．本题考查语境判断之感情色彩副词。句意：同上。A. hopefully有希望地；B. happily高兴地；C. willingly愿意地；D. carefully小心地。根据前文“Cars were passing me fast. I couldn’t get out，”说明很危险，作者不敢出去，直到有人帮助他，他才敢出去，所以推断应该是小心地，故选D。
7．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我跟警察谈话时，他把我的车从崎岖不平的路上挪开了。A. special特殊的；B. detailed详细的；C. accurate准确的；D. rough不平的。根据上文“this was a canyon drive，”可知应该是崎岖不平的路，故选D。
8．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：因为他们不能在20-30分钟内派出救援人员。A. assistance援助；B. search寻找；C. information信息；D. safety安全。根据上文“while I was talking to the police，”可推断我是请求警察救援，故选A。
9．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：那位先生拿出我的备胎，开始给我换轮胎。A. moving移动；B. changing更换；C. fixing修理；D. setting放置。根据上文“I knew what had happened—a big flat tire!”可知，作者的轮胎没气了，因此是这位绅士在换轮胎，故选B。
10．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：工作完成后，我谢过他，他就离开了。A. delayed耽误；B. continued继续；C. succeeded成功；D. accomplished完成。根据下文“I thanked him and he left，”可知是工作完成了，故选D。
11．本题考查语境判断之感情色彩动词。句意：我们说再见的时候，我承诺他以后会报答他。A. persuaded劝说；B. inspired鼓励；C. promised答应；D. reminded提醒。根据上文“. The gentleman took out my spare tire and started____9____the tire for me.”可知，这位绅士给作者换了轮胎，因此推断作者应该是要承诺报答他的帮助，故选C。
12．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我从镜子里看到那辆货车一直跟着我，确定我没事。A. followed跟随；B. protected保护；C. inspected检查；D. chased追逐。根据下文“making sure I was OK，”说明那辆车一直跟着作者确定作者没事。故选A。
13．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：等红灯的时候，我有机会看到在面包车里的一家人。A. talkative健谈的；B. impressive印象深刻的；. Last最后的；D. entire整个的。根据下文“A beautiful young wife with attractive children in the back，”可知应该是全家人，故选D。
14．本题考查语境判断之感情色彩动词。句意：他们都对我笑了笑，朝我挥手!A. waved挥手；B. shouted大喊；C. laughed大笑；D. bowed鞠躬。根据上文“They all gave me a big smile，”说明一家人在向作者打招呼，应该是挥手更符合语境，故选A。
15．本题考查语境判断之感情色彩名词。句意：我认为这位绅士为那些小孩子们树立了一个成功的榜样，让他们学习服务和热情。A. admiration羡慕；B. loyalty忠心；C. passion热情；D. sympathy同情。上文那位绅士帮助我，而且他的家人主动想我打招呼，说明这位绅士为那些小孩子们树立了一个成功的榜样，让他们学习为别人提供服务和富有同情心，故选D。
Passage 5（2021·辽宁抚顺市·高三一模）
Every year, the Rube Goldberg competition considers inventions made from everyday items. They use complex systems to carry out a 1 task, like opening an umbrella or watering a plant. The task for 2020 was supposed to be “turn on a light". 2 when a pandemic(流行病) happened, it was changed to “drop a piece of 3 into someone’s hand". Most of those taking part in the competition are 4 . In past years, they built the machines 5 and on teams at school. But with schools closing to slow the spread of the virus, organizers 6 the rules. This year, competitors were 7 to send in videos of the machines to compete. And the team can include family members. One thing 8 . The machine still must complete the task in 10 to 20 steps.
One of the impressive 9 was from Maryland. 11-year-old Caitlin and her 13-year-old brother Ben firstly designed their machine. After six hours and 106 failed 10 — the soap finally dropped right into Caitlin’s waiting hands- they finally 11 it. In the video submitted, they 12 the process.
Health experts say washing hands 13 is an important protection against diseases. Kids may be 14 if they’re thinking about a deadly virus each time they wash their hands. So, a fun competition may help to 15 good feelings about a task they must do over and over again.
1．A．challenging B．simple C．complicated D．special
2．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Thus
3．A．water B．soap C．advice D．news
4．A．students B．volunteers C．amateurs D．professionals
5．A．in theory B．in advance C．in private D．in person
6．A．abandoned B．adapted C．adjusted D．observed
7．A．required B．forced C．recommended D．demanded
8．A．changed B．appeared C．improved D．remained
9．A．themes B．entries C．images D．choices
10．A．attempts B．efforts C．models D．projects
11．A．took B．got C．made D．beat
12．A．evaluated B．assessed C．demonstrated D．reviewed
13．A．repeatedly B．occasionally C．quickly D．slowly
14．A．astonished B．annoyed C．amazed D．afraid
15．A．understand B．create C．remember D．expect

【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A
11．C 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了由于疫情爆发，the Rube Goldberg Competition调整了2020比赛任务并采用了新的比赛方式。在诸多参赛作品中，Caitlin和Ben的机器给人留下了深刻印象。
1．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们用复杂的系统来完成简单的任务，比如撑伞或给植物浇水。A. challenging富有挑战的；B. simple简单的；C. complicated复杂的；D. special特别的。根据上文“inventions made from everyday items”和下文“like opening an umbrella or watering a plant”可知都是一些日常简单的事情。故选B项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：2020年的任务本应是“点亮一盏灯”。然而，当流行病爆发时，它变成了“把一块肥皂丢到别人手里”。A. Moreover而且；此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Thus因此。上文讲原定2020年的任务是“点亮一盏灯”；下文说由于流行病爆发，任务改变。两句之间有明确的转折关系。故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020年的任务本应是“点亮一盏灯”。然而，当大流行发生时，它变成了“把一块肥皂丢到别人手里”。A. water水；B. soap肥皂；C. advice建议；D. news新闻。根据第二自然段中“the soap finally dropped right into Caitlin’s waiting hands”可知2020的任务是“把一块肥皂丢到别人手里”。故选B项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：参加比赛的大部分都是学生。A. students学生；B. volunteers自愿者；C. amateurs业余爱好者；D. professionals专业人士。根据下文“they built the machines ____5____ and on teams at school.”和第二自然段中“11-year-old Caitlin and her 13-year-old brother Ben firstly designed their machine. ”可知参赛者在学校完成作品且年龄在十多岁，据此可推断参加比赛的大部分都是学生。故选A项。
5．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，他们亲自或团队在学校建造了这些机器。A. in theory理论上；B. in advance提前；C. in private私下地；D. in person亲自。根据句中连词and可知前后是两组有并列关系的短语，后面是说“团队”，那么前面就是“个人”。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是由于学校关闭以减缓病毒的传播，组织者调整了规则。A. abandoned遗弃；B. adapted适应；C. adjusted调整；D. observed观察。根据上文“with schools closing to slow the spread of the virus”可知由于疫情学校关闭了，学生们无法回学校完成任务，因此主办方需要调整规则。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，参赛者被要求发送机器的视频参加比赛。A. required要求；B. forced强迫；C. recommended推荐；D. demanded强烈要求。结合上文“organizers ____6____the rules”可知主办方采用了新的规则，那么就会有新的要求，结合下文可判断是参赛者被要求用新的方式参加比赛。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一件事没变。机器还必须在10到20步内完成任务。A. changed改变；B. appeared出现；C. improved提升；D. remained保留。根据下文“The machine still must complete the task in 10 to 20 steps.”中still一词可知这里在讲规则中不变的部分。故选D项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一件给人留下深刻印象的参赛作品来自马里兰州。A. themes主題；B. entries参赛作品；C. images图像；D. choices选择。下文讲11-year-old Caitlin and her 13-year-old brother Ben的机器成功完成任务的过程，因此空格处是说参赛的机器。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过6个小时106次失败的尝试——肥皂最终落入凯特琳等待的手中——他们终于成功了。A. attempts尝试；B. efforts努力；C. models模型；D. projects方案；计划。根据“106 failed”可知他们进行了106次尝试。故选A项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过6个小时106次失败的尝试——肥皂最终落入凯特琳等待的手中——他们终于成功了。A. took拿；B. got得到；C. made制造；D. beat打。根据上文“the soap finally dropped right into Caitlin’s waiting hands”可知他们取得了成功。make it.(取得成功)。故选C项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在提交的视频中，他们演示了这一过程。A. evaluated评估；B. assessed评定；C. demonstrated展示；D. reviewed评论。根据上文“competitors were____7____ to send in videos of the machines to compete”可知参赛者被要求发送视频来展示机器并完成比赛。故选C项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：健康专家说反复洗手是预防疾病的重要措施。A. repeatedly 反复地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. quickly迅速地；D. slowly缓慢地。根据下文“a task they must do over and over again”可知这是要反复做的事情。故选A项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果孩子们每次洗手都会想到一种致命的病毒，他们可能会感到害怕。A. astonished震惊的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. afraid害怕的。根据下文“they’re thinking about a deadly virus”并结合常识可推测，想到致命的病毒孩子们可能会感到害怕。故选D项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，对这种必须反复完成的任务，一场有趣的比赛可能可以为他们创造对其良好的感觉。A. understand理解；B. create创造；C. remember记得；D. expect期望。上文中说孩子们想到deadly virus会感到害怕，那么这一比赛可以帮助为他们创造一种轻松良好的感觉。故选B项。
Passage 7（2021·辽宁葫芦岛市·高三一模）
My 14-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time at a second-hand clothing store. It had a black velvet(丝绒) collar, delightful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label and a(an) 1 price of merely $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes 2 . Dark, woolen topcoats were popular just then with teenagers, but could cost several hundred dollars now. John put the coat on and 3 it. He turned from side to side, 4 himself in the mirror with a serious, studied 5 that soon changed into a smile. It’s a perfect 6 .
John wore the coat to school the next day and came home wearing a big smile. “How did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They love it.” He said, carefully 7 it on the chair and smoothing it flat. Over the next few weeks, the 8 came over John. Quiet, reasoned discussion 9 argument. He became more thoughtful and eager to 10 . “Good dinner, Mum,” he would say every evening. One day when I 11 that he starts on homework before dinner, John said, “You are right, and I guess I will.”
When I asked one of his teachers 12 caused the changes, she said with laughter, “It must be his coat!”
John and I both know we should never 13 a person’s clothes for the real person within them. But it is meaningful to 14 a standard of excellence for the world to see, to practice a standard of excellence in thought, speech and behavior, and to 15 what is on the inside with what is on the outside.
1．A．special B．reasonable C．unbelievable D．cheap
2．A．closed B．shone C．opened D．lowered
3．A．buttoned B．touched C．held D．obtained
4．A．feeling B．looking C．glancing D．eyeing
5．A．gesture B．expression C．attitude D．feeling
6．A．colour B．price C．fit D．fashion
7．A．pressing B．taking C．throwing D．folding
8．A．happiness B．satisfaction C．change D．generosity
9．A．made B．replaced C．took D．transformed
10．A．please B．complain C．admire D．apologize
11．A．insisted B．suggested C．asked D．commanded
12．A．what B．when C．that D．how
13．A．watch B．judge C．mistake D．consider
14．A．do B．wear C．speak D．show
15．A．compare B．fill C．mix D．match

【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B
6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍作者的儿子因为穿了优雅的外套，言行举止都发生了变化，说明我们的内在要和穿的衣服匹配，年轻人要选择正确的人生方向。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：黑色天鹅绒领口，赏心悦目的剪裁，有第五大道的商标，令人难以置信的价格只有28美元。A. special特别的；B. reasonable合理的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. cheap便宜的。根据“price of merely $28”可知，价格低的令人难以置信。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们面面相觑，什么也没说，但约翰的眼睛却亮了起来。 A. closed关闭；B. shone发光；C. opened打开；D. lowered降低。根据“price of merely $28”可知，现在的28美元的价格是令人难以置信的。根据“but”及下文“Dark, woolen topcoats were popular just then with teenagers.”可知，约翰喜欢这件衣服所以眼睛闪着光。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰穿上外衣，扣上扣子。A. buttoned扣……的纽扣；B. touched触摸；C. held保持，持有；D. obtained获得。根据“John put the coat on”可知，此处表示穿上外套并且扣上扣子。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在镜子里转来转去，用一种严肃的、专注的表情打量着自己，不久就变成了微笑。A. feeling感觉；B. looking看；C. glancing瞥一眼；D. eyeing注视。根据“himself in the mirror”可知，他注视着镜子里的自己。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gesture手势；B. expression表情；C. attitude态度；D. feeling感觉，感情。根据前文“with a serious”及“that soon changed into a smile.”可知，是表情发生了变化。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它非常合适。A. colour颜色；B. price价格；C. fit合适；D. fashion时尚。根据“that soon changed into a smile.”和“perfect”可知，此处表示衣服非常合身。故选C。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说着，在椅子上小心地把衣服叠起来，并把它展平。A. pressing挤，压；B. taking拿走；C. throwing投掷，扔；D. folding折叠。根据“on the chair and smoothing it flat.”可知，此处表示把衣服叠好放在椅子上。故选D。
8． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，约翰发生了变化。A. happiness幸福，快乐；B. satisfaction满足；C. change变化；D. generosity慷慨，大方。根据“He became more thoughtful and eager to ____10____.”可知，John发生了变化。故选C。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安静、理性的讨论取代了争论。A. made制作；B. replaced取代，代替；C. took拿走；D. transformed转换，转化。根据下句“He became more thoughtful and eager to (10) .”可知，安静、理性的讨论取代了争论。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他变得更体贴，也更想讨好别人。A. please使高兴；B. complain抱怨；C. admire倾佩；D. apologize道歉。根据“"Good dinner, Mum," he would say every evening.“可知，please与and前内容语境相符。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天当我建议他在晚饭前开始做作业时，约翰说:“你是对的，我想我会做的。”A. insisted坚持；B. suggested建议；C. asked问；D. commanded命令，指挥。根据“that he start on homework before dinner,”可知，此处表示作者提出的建议。故选B。
12．考查宾语从句。句意：当我问他的一位老师是什么导致了这种变化时，她笑着说:“一定是他的外套！”空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物，用what引导。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰和我都知道我们不应该把一个人的衣服和他的内在混为一谈。A. watch观看；B. judge评判；C. mistake误会，误解；D. consider考虑。mistake ...for…把……错当成……，固定搭配。根据“a person’s clothes for the real person within them”可知这里意思是约翰和我都知道我们不应该把一个人的衣服和他的内在混为一谈。故选C。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，为世人树立优秀的标准，在思想、语言和行为上践行优秀的标准，使内外接轨，这也很有意义。A. do做；B. wear穿着；C. speak说话；D. show展示。由上下文语境可知，作者讨论的是穿着问题，故用wear。故选B。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. compare比较；B. fill填满，满足；C. mix混合；D. match匹配。match...with...和……匹配……，固定搭配。根据“what is on the inside with what is on the outside.”可知这里意思是使内外匹配，这很有意义。故选D。
Passage 8 （2021·上海普陀区·高三二模）
Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently 1 boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are 2 as big heroes.
It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it 3 because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can 4 the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a 5 themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their 6 in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.
However, there is a 7 side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers 8 have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with 9 consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the 10 . Furthermore, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain 11 , even if a boxer has never been knocked out.
I am personally not at all in 12 of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was 13 to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like 14 sports, and so do I, but I think that 15 other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.
1．A．broadcast B．cover C．host D．design
2．A．kept B．individualized C．thought D．treated
3．A．appealing B．subjective C．violent D．challenging
4．A．pick up B．believe in C．identify with D．long for
5．A．winner B．spectator C．inspector D．trainer
6．A．ambition B．aggression C．energy D．strength
7．A．positive B．indifferent C．deadly D．negative
8．A．otherwise B．somehow C．even D．barely
9．A．dramatic B．eye-catching C．emotional D．special
10．A．court B．ring C．pitch D．yard
11．A．loss B．drain C．damage D．disorder
12．A．favour B．process C．charge D．power
13．A．shifted B．transformed C．given D．delivered
14．A．competitive B．quiet C．cooperative D．regular
15．A．invading B．insulting C．teasing D．hitting

【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A
6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B
11．C 12． 13．C 14．A 15．D
【语篇解读】本文为一篇议论文，作者在文中议论了拳击运动的积极和消极的两个方面，且表达了对于侵略性运动的不认同。
【详解】
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：报纸、杂志和电视上的体育节目经常报道拳击比赛。A. broadcast播送（电视或无线电节目）；B. cover报道；C. host举办；D. design设计。根据本句中“Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV”可知，此处报纸，杂志和电视上的体育节目经常报道拳击比赛。故选B项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：职业拳击手赚很多钱，而成功的拳击手则被视为大英雄。A. kept保持；B. individualized个性化；C. thought认为；D. treated对待。根据“as big heroes”可知，此处表示被视作大英雄，用be treated as。故选D项。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，有些人，尤其是男性，觉得它很有吸引力，因为它是一项有攻击性的运动。A. appealing吸引人的；B. subjective主观的；C. violent暴力的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下一句内容“When they watch a boxing match, they can　 4 the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a 5 themselves.”可以推测，一些男性喜欢这类有攻击性的节目，觉得它们有吸引力。故选A项。
4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们观看一场拳击比赛时，他们会认同获胜的拳击手，这让他们有一种自己也是赢家的感觉。A .pick up捡起；B. believe in信任；C. identify with认同……；D. long for渴望。根据“and this gives them the feeling of being a 　 5 themselves. ”推测，拳击运动让男性有认同感。故选C项。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. winner获胜者；B. spectator观众，旁观者；C. inspector检查员；D. trainer训练者。根据语境，结合“the winning boxer”可知，此处表示男性有一种自己成为赢家的感觉。故选A项。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实是，许多人不时地有攻击性，但他们不能在日常生活中表现出来。A. ambition野心；B. aggression攻击性；C. energy能量；D. strength力气。根据“have feelings of aggression”可知，此处表示许多人不时的有攻击性。故选B项。
7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，拳击也有消极的一面。A. positive积极的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. deadly致命的；D. negative消极的。根据后一句“It can be a very dangerous sport. ”并结合“However”可知，此处表示拳击有消极的一面。故选D项。
8.考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管拳击运动员在比赛中戴手套，业余拳击运动员甚至必须戴头盔，但在职业拳击和业余拳击比赛中经常会发生事故，有时还会带来令人吃惊的后果。A. otherwise否则，另外；B. somehow不知怎么的；C. even甚至；D. barely仅仅，几乎不。根据“and amateur boxers”可知，业余拳击运动员比专业的拳击运动员装备要更安全，even甚至，符合题意。故选C项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dramatic戏剧性的，令人吃惊的；B. eye-catching引人注目的；C. emotional情绪的，容易激动的；D. special特殊的。结合“consequences”和“Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the 　10　.”可知，此处表示拳击有时能带来令人吃惊的后果。故选A项。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些拳击手头部受伤，有时甚至会因为在拳击场上被击倒而死亡。A. court法院，球场；B. ring 圆形表演场（或竞技场）；C. pitch场地，球场；D. yard院子。此处表示“拳击场”用 ring。故选B项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，研究表明，拳击经常会有长期的影响，表现为严重的脑损伤，即使拳击手从未被击倒过。A. loss损失；B. drain消耗；C. damage损害；D. disorder失调。此处表示“脑损伤”用brain damage，为固定搭配。故选C项。
12.考查固定短语辨析。句意：我个人一点也不喜欢像拳击这样具有侵略性的运动。A. in favour of赞成；B. in process of在……的进程中；C. in charge of掌控，管理；D. in power of在……的影响下。根据“not at all”和“I think it would be better if less time was 　13 to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! ”可知，作者是不赞成攻击性运动的。故选A项。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为如果少花点时间在电视上播放攻击性体育节目会更好，我们欢迎更多的非攻击性体育节目中的男女成为我们社会中的英雄。A. shifted轮换；B. transformed改变；C. given给；D. delivered传递。 作者认为，电视上更少的时间被用来播放攻击性的节目会更好。故选C项。
14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，人们喜欢竞技运动，我也喜欢，但是我认为以攻击性的方式打别人不应该被视为一项运动。A. competitive有竞争力的；B. quiet安静的；C. cooperative合作的；D. regular有规律的。根据“but I think that 　15　 other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.”可知，拳击一类的运动属于有竞争力的运动。故选A项。
15.考查动名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. invading侵略；B. insulting侮辱；C. teasing戏弄；D. hitting击打。本文讲述的运动是拳击，为一项击打运动。故选D项。
Passage 9（2021·湖北高三一模）
The best and most amazing thing about life is that no matter what happens or how hard it may get, or how useless you feel, stay 1 .
All you need to 2 is doing good, even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile. It can 3 someone’s day, and you will have made the smallest 4 biggest difference to their life. It all starts with your small but sincere smile!
I learned patience the hard 5 . I have been trying to rush through life rapidly, always 6 myself to my friends and family and wondering when my life would change. I was too busy trying to speed things up, but things just weren’t 7 , so I finally gave up. However, when I continued to help people and do little things I could every day to make a difference, life 8 me back. Therefore, keep your 9 realistic, no matter how unjust people are towards you. I believe you will be successful, 10 everything has its own special time when everything goes well, and yours is definitely coming. You just need to 11 a little longer.
I 12 met someone worth it all, so kind and sweet, always trying to surprise me in the most 13 ways. Now, every day is something bigger and better, and that 14 is amazing, and then you realize it’s because of all the good things you keep doing in your life.
Even if you have been doing bad things up until now, you can change it all and make it all better. Believe me, it always gets better. It’s not easy, but it will. I know, because I have been 15 with it and I finally feel better.
1．A．curious B．patient C．serious D．generous
2．A．reflect on B．set about C．take up D．focus on
3．A．speed up B．light up C．brighten up D．turn up
4．A．yet B．and C．or D．so
5．A．way B．time C．point D．problem
6．A．adapting B．adjusting C．comparing D．applying
7．A．speeding B．changing C．moving D．succeeding
8．A．gives B．pays C．get D．brings
9．A．intentions B．minds C．hearts D．feelings
10．A．if B．when C．until D．because
11．A．work B．wait C．operate D．stay
12．A．eventually B．occasionally C．abruptly D．instantly
13．A．normal B．unusual C．common D．unexpected
14．A．thought B．view C．feeling D．idea
15．A．hunting B．struggling C．searching D．exploring

【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D
11．B 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。无论生活中发生什么事情，我们都要保持耐心和微笑去做一些好事，诸如微笑这样的小事会始我们的生活带来积极的影响，最终我们一定会成功。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活中最棒最神奇的事情就是，无论发生什么，无论生活多么艰难，无论你觉得自己多么没用，都要保持耐心。A. curious好奇的；B. patient耐心的；C. serious严重的；D. generous慷慨的。根据“I learned patience the hard ___5___.”可知，无论什么时候，我们都要保持耐心。故选B。
2．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你所需要做的就是做好，即使是最微小的事情，比如微笑着问候某人。A. reflect on考虑；B. set about开始；C. take up从事；D. focus on集中。根据“even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile.”可知，我们需要把注意力集中在做好事情上。故选D。
3．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：它可以点亮一个人的一天，你将为他们的生活做了最小但最大的改变。A. speed up加速；B. light up点燃；C. brighten up变得明亮起来；D. turn up出现。根据“even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile.”可知，一个微笑会点亮别人一天的生活。故选C。
4．考查连词词义辨析。句意：它可以点亮一个人的一天，你将为他们的生活做了最小但最大的改变。A. yet然而；B. and和；C. or或；D. so因此。根据“It all starts with your small but sincere smile!”可知，虽然是一个小小的微笑，然而也会成就一个大大地改变。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我吃了不少苦头才学会了耐心。 A. way路；方法；B. time时间；C. point观点；D. problem问题。根据“I was too busy trying to speed things up, but things just weren’t ___7___ , so I finally gave up.”可知，作者在学会耐心过程中走了很艰难的路。故选A。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直试图匆忙地度过我的生活，总是把自己和我的朋友和家人比较，想知道我的生活什么时候会改变。A. adapting改编；B. adjusting适应；C. comparing比较；D. applying应用。根据“and wondering when my life would change.”可知，作者把自己和家人朋友做比较。故选C。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直忙着加快进度，但进展并不顺利，所以我最终放弃了。A. speeding加速；B. changing改变；C. moving移动；进展；D. succeeding成功。根据“so I finally gave up.”可知，作者急于看到起色，但是却毫无进展。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我继续帮助别人，每天做一些我能做到的小事，生活回报了我。A. gives给与；B. pays付钱；C. get得到；D. brings带来。pay back回报。根据“However, when I continued to help people and do little things I could every day to make a difference,”可知，生活会给作者回报。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，无论别人对你有多不公正，你都要保持现实的心态。A. intentions目的；B. minds想法；C. hearts心；D. feelings感觉。根据“no matter how unjust people are towards you.”可知，我们保持现实的心态。故选A。
10．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我相信你会成功的，因为每件事都有它自己的特殊时刻，当一切顺利的时候，你的时刻一定会到来。A. if如果；B. when当……时候；C. until直到；D. because因为。根据“I believe you will be successful,”可知，后句解释你会成功的原因，所以用连词because。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你只需要再等一段时间。A. work工作；B. wait等待；C. operate操作；D. stay呆在。根据“and yours is definitely coming.”可知，是你的也肯定会来，你需要的只是多等一会儿。故选B。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我最终遇到了一个值得我付出一切的人，那么善良和甜蜜，总是试图用最意想不到的方式给我惊喜。A. eventually最终；B. occasionally偶尔地；C. abruptly突然地；D. instantly立即地。根据“so kind and sweet, always trying to surprise me in the most ___13___ ways.”可知，作者最终遇到了那个值得我等待的人。故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最终遇到了一个值得我付出一切的人，那么善良和甜蜜，总是试图用最意想不到的方式给我惊喜。A. normal正常的；B. unusual异常的；C. common平常的；D. unexpected意想不到的。根据“always trying to surprise me”可知，总是出其不意地给作者惊喜。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每一天都是更大更美好的事情，那种感觉非常美妙，然后你意识到这是因为你在生活中不断做的好事。A. thought想法；B. view观点；C. feeling感觉；D. idea主意。根据“Now, every day is something bigger and better,”可知，那种感觉妙不可言。故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为曾经我也经历过，一开始非常纠结，但是一切都变好了。A. hunting打猎；B. struggling努力；斗争；C. searching寻找；D. exploring探索。struggle with与……斗争。根据“and I finally feel better.”可知，作者曾经一直与之作斗争。故选B。

Passage 10 （2021·山东德州市·高三二模）
I tightly held the seat under me as the jeep raced forward, bouncing me into the air. I, a bookish Manhattanite, 1 solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland. I didn’t want to 2 my fortieth birthday as a day I was chained with my office work. Feeling an urgency to live life to the 3 , I answered the call of the wild.
I booked a Husky sledding tour and 4 myself that I would be safe on the journey. Yet, I still doubted my ability to steer the 5 dogs. What if the sled stopped halfway and the 6 began to crack under us?
After struggling into multiple layers of clothing. I boarded and looked like a fat monster. With the pack of Huskies, 7 in the noise of barks and howls, I hit the open rough road. While speeding down, I could even hear the snow crunching under us. With 8 eyes, I tried to avoid any possible dangers. I didn’t want to put my own life 9 .
Eventually, the pack of Huskies had brought my 10 into the unknown. A vast stretch of wild opened before us. Tall conifers（松柏） 11 a tunnel of trees. I desired to catch a glimpse of the native wildlife-the quiet moose. the arctic fox, the magical reindeer, which seemed straight from a storybook. I was searching, like the Huskies, all senses 12 , eager for adventure.
I strained my eyes as far as they could see 13 paths met milky-white sky. Perhaps the earth and the heaven were one. Perhaps life wasn’t so much about 14 the reins（缰绳）but letting go and trusting the adventure. Perhaps we even need a little rough weather, the slippery snow, to experience the 15 of challenging the wild.
1．A．hiked B．settled C．traveled D．dreamed
2．A．get along with B．look back on C．make up for D．keep up with
3．A．fullest B．largest C．fairest D．coldest
4．A．requested B．declared C．forgave D．convinced
5．A．freezing B．emotional C．dangerous D．energetic
6．A．car B．ice C．rock D．air
7．A．erupting B．training C．feeding D．living
8．A．watchful B．sensitive C．patient D．generous
9．A．with ease B．under control C．at risk D．in return
10．A．thought B．work C．future D．journey
11．A．grew B．created C．lifted D．covered
12．A．alert B．absent C．dull D．obvious
13．A．muddy B．snowy C．tough D．busy
14．A．loosening B．fixing C．tightening D．breaking
15．A．pain B．sorrow C．hope D．joy

【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．D
11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章结合作者一个人独自穿越北极的经历，最后指出人生需要的不是勒紧缰绳，而是放手，要相信冒险，体验大自然的乐趣。
【详解】
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我，一个曼哈顿的书呆子，独自一人穿越北极圈来到瑞典的拉普兰。A. hiked 远足，徒步；B. settled 定居；C. traveled 长途旅行；D. dreamed做梦，向往。根据下文“solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland.”可知我进行了长途旅行。故选C。
2. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：我不想在我40岁生日的时候，回想起我被锁在办公室里的那一天。A. get along with 与......相处；B. look back on 回忆； C. make up for 弥补；D. keep up with 跟上。根据下文“my fortieth birthday as a day I was chained with my office work”可知此处指回忆我被锁在办公室里的那一天。故选B。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感受到充实生活的紧迫感，我回应了大自然的召唤。A. fullest 最完全的；B. largest 最大的； C. fairest最公平的；D. coldest最冷的。根据前文“Feeling an urgency to live life to the”可知此处指充实的生活。短语 to the fullest ，意为“尽情地，最大限度地”。故选A。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我预定了一次哈士奇滑雪旅行，说服自己旅途安全。A. requested 要求；B. declared 声明，宣称；C. forgave 原谅； D. convinced 说服，使信服。根据下文“I would be safe on the journey”可知此处指我让自己相信我的旅途是安全的。故选D。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我仍然怀疑我驾驭这些精力充沛的狗的能力。A. freezing 极冷的；B. emotional 情绪的；C. dangerous 危险的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“With the pack of Huskies, 　7　 in the noise of barks and howls”，一群爱斯基摩狗，在咆哮声中爆发力量，可知，此处指这些狗是精力充沛的。故选D。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果雪橇中途停下，冰在我们下面开始裂开怎么办？A. car 汽车；B. ice冰；C. rock 岩石；D. air空气。根据“I booked a Husky sledding tour”和“began to crack under us”可知此处指冰在我们下面开始裂开怎么办。故选B。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群爱斯基摩狗，在咆哮声中爆发力量，我冲上了崎岖不平的公路。A. erupting 爆发； B. training 训练；C. feeding 喂养； D. living 生存。根据下文“in the noise of barks and howls”可知此处指这些爱斯基摩狗，在咆哮声中冲了上去。故选A。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我用警惕的眼神，尽量避免任何可能的危险。A. watchful 留心的，警戒的； B. sensitive 敏感的；C. patient 有耐心的；D. generous 慷慨的。根据下文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可知此处指我用警戒的眼神，避免危险。故选A。
9. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：我不想拿自己的生命冒险。A. with ease 熟练地，不费力地；B. under control 在控制中；C.at risk 在危险中；D.in return 作为回报。根据前文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可知此处指我不想让自己的生命有危险。故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，一群爱斯基摩狗把我带到了未知的世界。A. thought 想法；B. work 工作；C. future 未来；D. journey 旅程。根据前文“I would be safe on the journey”可知此处指爱斯基摩狗把我带到了一个未知的旅途中。故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一片广阔的荒野在我们面前展开，高大的松柏形成了一条树林隧道。A. grew 成长； B. created 创造；C. lifted 抬起；D. covered 包含。根据前文“Tall conifers”，后文“ a tunnel of trees”可知此处指高大的松柏形成了一条树林隧道。故选B。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我像爱斯基摩犬一样寻找，全身敏锐，渴望冒险。A. alert 机警的，警惕的；B. absent 缺席的；C. dull枯燥的；D. obvious 明显的。根据前文“ I was searching, like the Huskies,”可知此处指我像爱斯基摩狗一样的机警。故选A。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我睁大眼睛，望着雪白的小路和乳白色的天空。A. muddy泥泞的； B. snowy 雪白的；C. tough 困难的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“met milky-white sky. Perhaps the earth and the heaven were one.”可知，路和乳白色的天空浑然一体，天地合一，所以此处指我看着雪白的路。故选B。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许生活不是勒紧缰绳，而是放手，相信冒险。A. loosening 放松，松开； B. fixing 固定；C. tightening 绷紧，使坚固；D. breaking 破坏。根据下文“but letting go”，要放手，所以此处指不是勒紧缰绳。故选C。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我们甚至需要一点恶劣的天气，滑雪，来体验挑战大自然的乐趣。A. pain 痛苦； B. sorrow 悲伤；C. hope希望； D. joy 快乐。根据下文“ challenging the wild”可知此处指体验大自然的乐趣。故选D。