北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共45页。
阅读理解
Each year, road accidents kill a million people and injure millions more. The economic costs are greatest for developing countries. Earlier this year, the United Nations called for a campaign to improve road safety.
One way to avoid accidents is better driving. Another is better roads and bridges. Engineers in the Unites States have designed ten new concrete mixtures that they think could make bridges last longer.
Professor Paul Tikalsky leads the experiments by a team at Pennsylvania State University. He says bridges made of concrete now last about twenty-five to thirty-five years. But he says the new mixtures might extend that to seventy-five or even one-hundred years.
Concrete is made of stone, sand, water and cement(水泥). The materials in the cement hold the concrete together. Ancient Romans built with concrete. Yet strengthened concrete bridges did not appear until the late 1800s. People keep looking for new ways to improve concrete. Professor Tikalsky says it is one of the most complex of all chemical systems.
The new mixtures designed by his team contain industrial waste products. He says these make the concrete better able to resist damage from water and salt over time. One of the products is fly ash. This is released into the air as pollution when coal is burned. Professor Tikalsky says particles (颗粒) of fly ash are almost exactly the same size and chemical structure as Portland cement. This is the most costly material in concrete. So using fly ash to replace some of it would save money.
Over the next two years, engineers will study ten bridges in Pennsylvania. These were built from the different cement mixtures designed by Professor Tikalsky’s team. He says longer-lasting bridges could save the state more than 35 million dollars a year. And he says the materials would be environmentally friendly.
The federal government is paying for part of the research. Engineers anywhere can use the technology. Professor Tikalsky says some of the ideas have already been put to use in China, the Philippines and other countries.
1．Why did the United Nations launch the campaign?
A．Because two million people were killed in the accidents.
B．Because engineers wanted to design ten new concrete mixtures.
C．Because the economic costs are greatest for developing countries.
D．Because the United Nations wanted to reduce road accidents and economic costs.
2．What does the underlined word “this” in the sixth paragraph refer to ?
A．Fly ash B．Portland cement C．Sand D．Chemical
3．What can we conclude from the passage?
A．Engineers have to pay a lot of energy and money to use the new bridge technology.
B．Pennsylvania State University is paying all the money for the research.
C．Bridges built with fly ash are cheaper than common bridges.
D．Fly ash is much more expensive than Portland cement.
4．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．The advantages of fly ash
B．The causes of road accidents.
C．The measures of avoiding road accidents
D．Latest information about long-life concrete bridges

Many industries are facing a shortage of labour. Warehousing has grown rapidly. And robots are now indispensable,picking items off shelves and helping people pack an exponentially rising numbers of boxes. They are even beginning to walk slowly along some pavements, delivering goods or food right to people’s doors. Having more robots to boost productivity would be a good thing.
And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs. A paper in 2013 by economists at Oxford University was widely misinterpreted as meaning that 47% of American jobs were at risk of being automated.
In fact,concerns about mass unemployment because of robots are overblown. The evidence suggests robots will be ultimately beneficial for labour markets. A Yale University study found that an increase of one robot unit per 1,000 workers boosted a company’s employment in Japan. Research from the Bank of Korea found that notarization moved jobs away from manufacturing into other sectors, but that there was no decrease in overall vacancies(空缺).Another study，by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and colleagues elsewhere, looked at Finnish firms and concluded that their use of advanced technologies led to increases in hiring.
For all that, the march of the robots will bring big changes to workplaces. The skills and firms that are rewarded will shift,too.But that need not be the disaster many fear. One supposed example of “bad automation” is self-service checkouts in supermarkets because they displace human workers. Checkout staff who retrain to help customers pick items from aisles may well find that dealing with people in need is more rewarding than spending all day scanning barcodes.
Certainly, some people will be on the losing end of change even as the robots make society as a whole better off. One lesson from the freewheeling globalization of the 1990s and 2000s is that the growth in trade that was overwhelmingly beneficial triggered a political backlash(强烈抵制)because the losers felt left behind. That is one more reason why firms and governments would do well to recognize the value of retraining and lifelong learning. As jobs change, workers should be helped to acquire new skills, including how to work with and manage the robots that will increasingly be their colleagues.
The potential gains from the robot revolution have just started. It won’t be the plot in some films where the robots fight against their human masters and cause mass unemployment.
5．What does the underlined word “indispensable”mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Essential. B．Spare. C．Detective. D．Complicated.
6．Why does the author mention the example of“bad automation”in Paragraph 4?
A．To prove that robots will not be a disaster.
B．To remind us of the big changes at workplaces.
C．To illustrate checkout staff will scan barcodes slowly.
D．To tell firms the value of retraining and lifelong learning.
7．According to the author,what will happen because of notarization?
A．It will push losers to leave behind.
B．Robots may lead to mass unemployment.
C．People will help robots to gain new skills.
D．Robots and people may become co-workers.
8．The author may agree that___.
A．jobs will be at risk due to robots
B．no evidence shows that robots will destroy jobs
C．notarization will quickly boost mass employment
D．people have benefited a lot from the robot revolution

When the need for information technology service arises, it can be a stressful moment—the user is locked out of their computer, or a program isn’t working properly. But if you ask anyone in the MIT departments of Chemistry and Physics, or the News Office—the Institute divisions that are fortunate enough to have Greg Walton as their IT service provider, they’ll acknowledge that not only is Walton the best, but whatever the issue is, he will see it through until all involved are satisfied with the outcome. Walton usually arrives on the scene with endless positive energy that transforms a technical annoyance into an enjoyable interaction, regardless of how many other IT fires he has already put out that day.
The qualities that make him a star employee extend far beyond the campus. After spending his early years in foster care, Walton lived with his great-grandmother, but mostly, he was left to support himself. While many children might, understandably, lie flat under such unsupervised circumstances, Walton excelled academically and athletically at high school. He became the first person in his family to graduate from high school, and enrolled in college.
Walton seized the chance to enroll in Year Up, a program aiming to close the “opportunity divide” by providing young adults with the skills, experience, and support that will empower them to reach their potential through professional careers and higher education. Walton remains an active ambassador for the organization.
In June of 2007,armed with shining recommendations, Walton was hired as a temp (临时工) at MIT.He eventually worked his way up to where he is today—an invaluable asset (不可或缺的人) to three departments.“I do feel lucky to work at MIT,” he says.“I’ve had the ability to tour the country sharing my story in hopes that some people may be inspired and employers may see young adults with tough backgrounds differently.”
In addition to Year Up, he is involved with a number of organizations committed to helping young adults overcome their troubled pasts. This desire to have a positive impact on people’s lives extends seamlessly into his work at MIT. “Giving back is very important to me,” Walton says. “So many people have invested their time and energy into helping me, so I feel it would be an injustice not to do so.”
9．Staff members in MIT sing high praise for Walton mainly because________.
A．he enjoys interacting with his clients
B．he knows how to put out fires for others
C．he solves problems with a positive attitude
D．he is good at developing computer programs
10．What do we know about Walton before he went to college?
A．He depended on his great-grandma for a living.
B．He stood out in study and sports in high school.
C．He lay flat just like other unsupervised children.
D．He was supported by foster care for better education.
11．Why did Walton get involved with a lot of organizations?
A．To share his troubled past with young adults.
B．To pay back to society by helping young adults.
C．To advise businesses to treat young adults fairly.
D．To promote education equality among young adults.
12．What can we conclude from Walton’s story?
A．One good turn deserves another.
B．Opportunities favor the prepared mind.
C．Education is a powerful weapon to change the world.
D．One’s future is defined by his efforts, not by his origin.

When I was little, my dad would let me sit beside him on the porch while he painted. He would tell me how the cow by itself is just a cow, and the meadow by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sun peeking through the trees is just a beam of light, but put them all together and you’ve got magic.
I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree to rescue a kite stuck in the branches. It was a long way up, but I thought I’d give it a shot. I started climbing. Then I looked down. And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. I was miles off the ground! But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up.
When I had the kite free, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear of being up so high began to lift, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying. Just soaring above the earth, sailing among the clouds.
Then I began to notice how wonderful the breeze smelled. It seemed like sunshine and wild grass and rain! I couldn’t stop breathing it in, filling my lungs again and again with the sweetest smell I’d ever known.
I never got over the view. I kept thinking of what it felt like to be up so high in that tree. I wanted to see it, to feel it, again. And again.
It wasn’t long before I wasn’t afraid of being up so high and found the spot that became my spot. I could sit there for hours, just looking out at the world. Sunsets were amazing. Some days they’d be purple and pink, some days they’d be a blazing orange, setting fire to clouds across the horizon.
It was on a day like that when my father’s notion (观念) moved from my head to my heart. The view from my sycamore was more than rooftops and clouds and wind and colors combined.
And I started marveling (惊奇) at how I was feeling both humble and majestic. How was that possible? How could I be so full of peace and full of wonder?
It was magic.
13．Why did the author climb up the sycamore tree?
A．To play in the tree. B．To get a trapped kite.
C．To prove her courage. D．To practice climbing skills.
14．The author’s climbing experience was .
A．unusual but painful B．competitive and imaginative
C．adventurous but rewarding D．well-planned and interesting
15．Why did the author like being up high in the tree?
A．Because the tree had the sweetest smell.
B．Because it could help her to concentrate.
C．Because her father encouraged her to do so.
D．Because she could enjoy more than good views.
16．What message does the author want to convey?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Positive action leads to happiness.
C．Beautiful things don’t ask for attention.
D．The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

I lost my leg to cancer at 30. My first trip out of the house as a one-legged woman would be to see a sick friend in hospital with my mom.
As I made my way through the hospital, I was prepared for looks of curiosity, sympathy, and even shock. But one thing shook me to a depth I had never experienced before. Two kids were playing in the hallway. As I passed by on my crutches (拐杖), they looked up at me, and suddenly, the little boy pointed at me. “Look at that lady!” It seemed that he was shouting loud enough for the entire hospital to hear. “She only has one leg! Doesn’t that look funny?”
Both of the kids burst into laughter. Heads turned, and I felt the blood rush to my face. I put my head down and rushed out as fast as I dared on my crutches. I held my tears back until the car door closed. As I fell into the seats, I cried, “How could they think this is funny?”
My mom tried her best to comfort me, “Honey, they are just kids. They don’t know any better.” They were just kids, but that did not excuse their rude behavior. I felt a wave of belief flood through me. I knew what I had to do. “Well, someone has to teach them!” I said. And I knew that someone would be me.
When I was well enough, I started to visit elementary schools and talk to children about being different. I was teaching children to be respectful of people who are different, and teaching them people come in all shapes, colors and sizes and we are each special and unique.
Speaking to children was just the beginning for me. I became an inspirational speaker and author and learned that being grateful for all the remaining parts of me was the only way to start and end my day. I shared my story in my book called I Am Choosing to Smile. I do, indeed, choose to smile. Waking up every morning, I look down at my one foot and say with all sincerity, “Good morning, five toes. I’m very glad to see you!”
17．What shocked the author in the hospital?
A．The curious look a boy had.
B．The words a boy shouted out.
C．The game the boys were playing.
D．The sympathy the boys expressed.
18．How did the experience in the hospital change the author?
A．She found the purpose of her life.
B．She began to realize her difference.
C．She understood kids’ characteristics.
D．She learned the importance of respect.
19．Which of the following words can best describe the author?
A．Patient. B．Brave. C．Intelligent. D．Caring.

Pacific Science Center fieldtrips have gone virtual! Bring the fun and excitement of a PacSci fieldtrip to your students while engaging them with enriching content designed to enhance your curriculum (课程) and arouse their curiosity. PacSci’s educators join your classroom live from our Curiosity Studio, and lead students through live sessions featuring some of your favorite STEAM activities. Each program is 40 minutes long. We may be able to accommodate shorter or longer programs to fit your needs!
AVAILABLE PROGRAMS
Piece of Mind
Cost: $ 300
Maximum Number of Participants: 40
Best for Grades: 6-10
Description: Be inspired by the power of the brain as students learn how it controls memory, movement, and sight. Discover how the brain functions through live activities and fun puzzles, and see a real human brain sample!
Stick the Landing
Cost: $500 (includes 3 sessions)
Maximum Number of Participants: 30
Best for Grades: 9-12
Description: Over the course of 3 sessions, use the steps of the engineering design process to build a model of a Mar slander. Dive into past and future missions to Mars and carefully consider the criteria and restrictions for real Mars missions. Learn how engineers are just one of the many careers that contribute to complex solar system missions.
Night Sky Tonight
Cost Varies by Group Size
·1-99 participants: $ 250
·100-199 participants: $ 350
·200+participants: $550
Maximum Number of Participants: Unlimited
Best for Grades: 3-12
Description: Become a true backyard astronomer. Learn how living on a giant spinning ball changes what can be seen each night. Discover how to find stars, and even how the sky can be used to find directions!
Ecosystem Investigators
Cost: $ 200
Maximum Number of Participants: 50
Best for Grades: 3-8
Description: Work as a team to create a virtual ecosystem model revealing how living and non-living parts connect and interact in an aquatic (水生的) environment. Using new knowledge about ecosystem interactions, become a wetland scientist and explore the relationship between organisms in a real pond sample. For more details, please check out our Program Requirements.
20．What can we learn about Pacific Science Center fieldtrips?
A．Each program is for one certain grade.
B．The expense for each program varies.
C．The length for each program is unchangeable.
D．Every program has a max number of participants.
21．Cooperation is needed in the program .
A．Piece of Mind B．Stick the Landing
C．Nigh tSky Tonight D．Ecosystem Investigators
22．The passage is intended for .
A．tour guides B．research scientists
C．school teachers D．program designers

Researchers from a U.K. plant research institute have found a way to provide plants with an antibody-based defense for a specific threat, potentially speeding the creation of crops resistant to any kind of emerging virus, or bacterium (细菌). The strategy is to inoculate a protein from the plant pathogen (病原体) to be targeted to a camel or other camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibodies the camels produce, and engineer the corresponding gene section for them into a plant’s own immune gene.
Farmers lose many billions of dollars to plant diseases each year, and emerging pathogens pose new threats to food security in the developing world. Plants have evolved their own immune system, kick-started by cell receptors that recognize general pathogen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptors for molecules (分子) produced by specific pathogens. If a plant cell detects these molecules, it may trigger its own death to save the rest of the plant. But plant pathogens often evolve and escape from those receptors.
A long-standing dream in plant biotechnology is to create designer disease resistance genes that could be produced as fast as pathogens emerge. One approach is to edit the gene for a plant immune receptor, changing the protein’s shape to recognize a particular pathogenic molecule.
Instead, Sophien Kamoun, a molecular biologist at the Sainsbury Laboratory, and his colleagues used an animal immune system to help make the receptor adjustments. During an infection with a new pathogen, animals produce billions of slightly different antibodies, ultimately selecting and mass-producing those that best target the virus.
Camelids, which include camels, are workhorses for antibody design because their immune systems create unusually small versions, called nano-bodies. As a proof of principle of the new plant defense strategy, Kamoun’s group turned to two standard camelid nano-bodies that recognize two different molecules, including one called green fluorescent protein (GFP), to detect test viruses, in this case a potato virus, engineered to make the fluorescent proteins. They investigated how well plants with the nano-body-enhanced receptors detected the changed potato viruses. It was found that the plants increased an active immune response and experienced almost no viral reproduction.
“The exciting part about this technology is that we have the potential of made-to-order resistance genes and keeping up with a pathogen,” Kamoun says. “This technology is a potential game changer,” says Jeff Dangl, a plant researcher at the University of North Carolina. Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, says the mixture of nano-bodies with plant immune receptors opens up a vast body of biomedical knowledge for plant scientists. “We can now dig into all of that research and translate it to save crops.”
23．What does the underlined word “inoculate” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Compare. B．Restore. C．Introduce. D．Label.
24．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2?
A．To illustrate the function of cells in saving the plant.
B．To explain how to strengthen plant receptors effectively.
C．To demonstrate the solutions to farmers’ annual heavy losses.
D．To reveal why plants fail to handle constantly-updated diseases.
25．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Editing plant receptors is to match the shape of pathogens.
B．Nano-bodies can help plants catch up with pathogen changes.
C．Plants select the best antibodies from animals to fight viruses.
D．Plants with nano-bodies respond actively in massive virus copying.
26．According to the passage, scientists will .
A．apply the outcome in the real world B．prove the findings of resistance genes
C．identify similar means to fight diseases D．seek more support for the new strategy

SnotBot is on a mission. The toaster-sized drone (无人机) flies over the open ocean, directly above an unusual whale. On a boat nearby, Andy Rogan smiles with joy. Rogan has been studying whales in his entire career but had never seen this species.
Back in 2011, Lian Pin Koh and Serge Wich, conservation experts, wondered if there might be an easier way to get data of animals in the wild. Wildlife researchers often walk through forests. They may look closely at whales from boats or stay in helicopters to view animals from above. Such trips are usually dangerous. Plus, their noise may scare animals. And helicopters can’t fly very far over the ocean because there’s nowhere to land or refuel.
“We thought, ‘What if you fly over them with a flying camera?’’’ says Wich. So they put together a drone from a remote-control model airplane and camera equipment. And it did the trick. On a test flight, the drone caught an image of an orangutan (猩猩) at the top of a very tall tree. The pair realized this was just the beginning of a whole new way of doing conservation work.
Now Wich and his colleagues are building AI that automatically locates and recognizes animals. They call their project Conservation AI. When someone uploads an image or video, the model analyzes the data. Then the model recognizes anything it can. In the future, an AI model could keep watch, instead of forest guards. It could send warnings when seeing doubtful activities.
The team tested this idea in a study in East Africa. Volunteers in Tanzania pretended to be poachers (偷猎者). The researchers made drones fly over the actors at different times of the day. Overall, people looking at the drone images did a better job than the AI model at finding pretend poachers. The model picked out many things that weren’t people at all. But the model found poachers that most people missed. With a little more work, Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier for conservationists to better protect endangered animals.
27．What can we infer about Conservation AI from the passage?
A．It can replace conservationists’ work. B．It works by studying data first.
C．It can punish the poachers. D．It is fully automated.
28．What is Wich’s attitude to the future of the AI model?
A．Critical. B．Hopeful
C．Worried. D．Prejudiced.
29．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Achievements in Wildlife Conservation
B．Major Discoveries of Biological Species
C．AI Study Has Achieved a Breakthrough
D．Flying Robots Protect Endangered Wildlife

As we enter a period of profound economic uncertainty, presaged (预示) by recent high-profile layoffs and a culture of “quiet quitting”, thinking about the future of work might well seem a daunting (令人生畏的) prospect.
Indeed, an ever-increasing digital skills gap threatens to stop businesses adopting the game-changing technologies that will help to power growth in the months and years ahead. For instance, with each exciting new technology comes a growing concern about whether we have a digitally savvy (精明的) workforce ready to take advantage of it. After all, keeping the workforce up to speed with the latest advances is a key element of the digital transformation process, which will prove essential if we hope to improve business productivity and efficiency alongside our efforts to achieve sustained growth.
Likewise, at the World Economic Forum’s annual meeting in Davos, the cybersecurity skills gap was named as one particular area of concern. There’s good reason for this focus: if businesses can’t protect themselves against external threats, they risk going backwards. And that’s before they even start thinking about achieving growth. This is why we need to address the digital skills gap urgently.
Well, we should start by changing the narrative to help us recruit and retain from a more diverse pool of talent, giving businesses a far better chance of finding the up-to-date digital skills they need. And, when it comes to engaging and empowering the current workforce, learning and development opportunities will be key, helping employees to improve their skills for the benefit of both themselves and their employers.
To make this all happen, leaders and employers must demonstrate a commitment to teaching their workforces digital skills by setting clear expectations and providing all the resources required. One approach, for example, would be to focus on the potential in the existing talent pool by identifying those already skilled in digital capabilities and supporting them to upskill their colleagues. Creating a culture of learning, with an emphasis on personal growth, can be an impressive motivator in the workplace.
Of course, it’s all well and good saying that digital skills are vital, but a workforce with purely hard skills will not future-proof a business. There’s a need for soft skills that support the broader goal, so as not to neglect the other competencies required in a digital transformation: communication, critical thinking, creative design skills, and leadership. To exploit the technology to its full potential, such qualities are equally important.
Fundamentally, getting the interaction right between humans and technology will be paramount if businesses are to succeed. As a result, human skills must not be underestimated. Every business will need a range of people with a variely of skills — not only those well-versed in math, engineering, and science, but also those with creative minds and leadership qualities.
30．The writer’s main concern in the digital transformation process is ________.
A．the threats from technology B．the challenge of upskilling workforces
C．the culture of quiet quitting D．the shortage of experienced workers
31．It can be learned from Paragraph 4 and 5 that ________.
A．replacing current workforces with digital talents is the key
B．high requirements of recruitment ensure a sound workforce
C．employers should develop a learning culture inside their workforces
D．business leaders should focus on the training of the existing talent pool
32．What does the underlined word “paramount”in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Crucial. B．Beneficial.
C．Challenging D．Inspiring
33．What might be the purpose of the passage?
A．To advocate the necessity of improving digital skills.
B．To warn humans of the potential problems with technology.
C．To stress the importance of combining hard skills with soft skills.
D．To draw people’s attention to the ever-increasing digital skills gap.

There’s another universe not far from land. It lacks buildings, trees, cars, cellphones and the Internet. Seemingly limitless water extends uninterruptedly in all directions. Civilization goes away, along with any sign of humanity. And it is why I’m really into sailing. I grew up around boats. My father liked sailing and built them. My older sister and I were stuffed into a car nearly every summer weekend until my late teens to make the trip from northeast Indiana to the south shore of Lake Erie in Ohio, where Talisman built by my father waited patiently through the week.
As a kid, I read the adventures of Robin Lee Graham, a traveller exploring the sea alone, in the pages of National Geographic and, later, in Graham's book, Dove. However, it wasn't until about 20 years ago, well into my adulthood, that I took up sailing in a serious way. I've made voyages in fair stormy and weather, on my own boats and those of my friends, and ranging from nearshore day sails to blue-water passages.
Still, I've made plenty of mistakes. While living in Asia, a sailing friend and I set off across the South China Sea and intended to get to Thailand, only to be pushed by a late-season typhoon that forced us to make landfall in Vietnam, glad to be alive.
Years later, my wife and I lived aboard our 37-foot ship, Symbiosis, while we saved enough to take a two-year leave from our jobs to journey down the U.S. Atlantic coast and through the Bahamas and the Caribbean. We visited many places that never see ships or airplanes and that are nearly impossible to reach anyway other than at the helm(舵柄) of a small boat. But boats are expensive and time-consuming. After returning from the Caribbean a few years ago, we decided to sell Symbiosis, resolving instead to sail only “other people's boats”. It didn't last, though. A few months ago, we found a good deal on a smaller sailboat—easier to maintain but still capable of some short offshore journeys. I think we'll name her Talisman.
34．What would the author do on summer weekends as a kid?
A．He would help his father build Talisman.
B．He would sail with his father and his sister.
C．He would explore northeast Indiana in a car.
D．He would bring human civilization to sailing.
35．What can we learn about the book Dove?
A．It has something to do with exploring the sea.
B．It was published in National Geographic.
C．It is the most famous work by Graham.
D．It was an inspiration for the author's writing.
36．Why did the author sell his ship Symbiosis?
A．It didn’t function well. B．He couldn’t afford to maintain it.
C．He found a better one to replace it. D．It was damaged seriously during a storm.
37．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?
A．To show his passion for sailing boats.
B．To stress the influence of adventures on him.
C．To discuss the problems of sailing on the sea.
D．To share his success in exploring the world.

A lot of us spend most of our working day sitting at the computer without moving at all. So, how does the world keep fit? Let’s have a look at some of the latest exercises from around the world.
Towerrunning is a sport you can do in the tall buildings of almost any big city. All you need to do is start at the bottom of an office tower and run up all the stairs until you get to the top. Now, towerrunning has become popular with important races taking place in some of the world’s tallest towers, like the China World Trade Centre in Beijing.
Piloxing started in the USA．The sport is a mix between boxing, pilates (普拉提) and dance. Piloxing uses the power and speed of boxing, while building your muscles and strength with pilates. All of this happens to non-stop loud music, and you learn some great dance moves too.
Paddle boarding on the ocean might look easy, but it is a tough sport. You need to be strong to keep your balance. The sport was adapted from surfing and it had its roots in Polynesia where people used paddling for both work and play-from transport to catching waves.
Trapeze may remind you of the circus act-people fly, dance and move from side to side through the air. Jules Leotard developed the art of trapeze in the mid-nineteenth century in France. To perform trapeze, people must develop upper-body strength to turn and fly.
Are you ready? Even a short amount of exercise every day can help us to feel happier and more relaxed.
38．Which exercise must be done in tall buildings?
A．Towerrunning. B．Piloxing. C．Paddle boarding. D．Trapeze.
39．Where does paddle boarding come from?
A．China. B．The USA． C．Polynesia. D．France.
40．To do trapeze well, people must have .
A．strong upper-body strength B．power and speed of boxing
C．better running ability D．good swimming skills
41．What does this passage call on people to do?
A．Lose weight. B．Get moving. C．Keep working. D．Travel around.

The Covid-19 pandemic has been stressful in so many ways and increased work stress stands out as widespread consequence of it.
In a study titled “This job is killing me” conducted at Northern Illinois University and Indiana a University, the researchers discovered that two specific factors-having a high-stress job and low control over one’s work-were closely related with higher death rates.
During the 20-year period, over 3,000 Americans were tracked at three separate points by the Midlife in the United States Survey Analyzing that data, the study found that those with high-stress, low-control jobs were 43% more likely to die than those in lower-risk categories.
People who suffered from depression were 130% more likely to die early, according to Erik Gonzalez-Mulé, who co-authored the study. Those with high stress, low-autonomy jobs who died were likely to have suffered depression.
GonzalezMulé says his takeaway is not that everyone should quit their jobs in terror. Rather, he also says, those with influence over employees’ work experience-like company heads and managers-should do as much as possible to increase workers’ feelings of autonomy, especially for workers in high Lowering stress at work isn’t always possible: Some jobs are inherently stressful. But jobs adding a sense of autonomy is sometimes possible.
Gonzalez-Mulé says one simple option is to allow people to decide where to work, whether that’s from home or other non-office workspace. In that way, the Covid-19 pandemic may have actually moved things forward: Employers who were unwilling to take the step of allowing flexible working on employees’ terms have had to adapt fast and, in many cases have seen positive results.
There are other ways that companies can increase workers’ autonomy too, especially for those for whom working from home isn’t an option. “Allowing people to choose what they want to do is kind of a higher order level of autonomy, whereas just allowing people to prioritize tasks and tackle things in the order they want is kind of on the low end,” says Gonzalez-Mule
42．What does GonzalezMulé agree with?
A．People should give up their stressful jobs.
B．Lowering employees’ stress at work is essential.
C．People under high pressure are likely to suffer depression.
D．Employees should be allowed to make their own decisions.
43．What is the positive outcome the Covid-19 pandemic has brought?
A．Light workload. B．Less stressful jobs.
C．Increasing autonomy. D．Safe working environment.
44．Which belongs to the lower order level of autonomy?
A．Doing whatever one wants. B．Deciding what to do first.
C．Choosing to work at home. D．Choosing among several jobs.
45．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Have High Control Over Your Work B．High-stress Jobs Can Cause Death
C．Stay Away From Stress at Work D．Ways to Cope with High Stress

Thrown from his horse three times and repeatedly wet through while camping in a downpour, Chris Walker wondered whether the Mongol Derhy was really for him.
The property developer and farmer from Gloucestershire was, at 55, the oldest of the competitors in this year’s 1.000 km race across the grassland.
Despite the hardships of his eight-day journey, Walker was delighted to finish third in the annual equestrian (马术的 )endurance race.
Competitors race between checkpoints 22 miles apart, where they change horses. They spend nights at one of 28 stations, set up their own camp or enjoy the hospitality of friendly Mongolian families.
Walker, whose grandfather Neville Crump trained three Grand National winners, was an hour ahead of his rivals as the race entered its eighth day but was awarded a time penalty (判罚) because his horse had a high heart rate during one of the regular checks to ensure that the animals were healthy.
Walker said he had gone to Mongolia to “give it a go” but realized that he stood a chance of winning after teaming up with Patrick Heffron, a competitor from Ireland.
“The horses are quite wild. I got bucked off three times. I fell off in a hole,” he said. “You’re going along and suddenly disappear. You have to hang on to your horse for dear life or it goes off.”
Walker who has raised more than £7000 for the charity Riding for the Disabled Association, own horses and his son is a professional polo player.
Heffron, who met Walker as they went out for the race, finished third equal alongside his companion. He said it was important to form a team mainly because falling off alone means that there is no one to help you retrieve your horse.
“It is also a bloody long way to talk to yourself,”Heffron said. “Neither of us had prior ambitions win this race but we realized: “We’re in front, ” SP R pushed.
46．What can we learn about the Mongol Derby?
A．It’s a 22-mile equestrian endurance race.
B．Competitors have to camp at stations.
C．There is an age limit to competitors.
D．Horses are switched at checkpoints.
47．What is the main reason for Walker’s falling behind?
A．A time penalty. B．The wild horse. C．Poor teamwork. D．His ill health.
48．What does the underlined word “retrieve” mean in the text?
A．Tie. B．Feed. C．Mount. D．Bring back
49．Which of the following words can best describe Walker?
A．Enthusiastic but moody. B．Proud and stubborn.
C．Courageous and ambitious. D．Cooperative and generous.

Reading doesn’t come naturally to people, but most of us have learned how. Eighty-six percent of the world’s population is literate(有读写能力的)，and this rate has been increasing for centuries. Literacy makes it possible to navigate a world filled with books, websites, text messages, road signs and more.
Could a growing number of people participate in today’s world without reading or writing at all? Technology makes it possible. Most of our devices now talk to us and take spoken commands. Smart cars ask for a destination and then give directions.Smart virtual assistants listen for requests to report the weather, play a song, set a timer, order groceries, and much more. Software can also read text aloud or turn speech into text. These interactions aren’t perfect-the software still makes silly mistakes. But it’s getting better and better. It’s possible to imagine a future world where all of our communication with our devices and each other is spoken.
But reading and writing are powerful tools.For one, most people read faster than they speak. A podcaster or audio book narrator speaks at around150to 160 words per minute, while a strong reader can cruise through a text at 300 to 400 words per minute. That’s twice as fast! Research has also found that people remember more information and stay more interested when they read as opposed to listen. Learning to read also creates new connections in the brain. In her book Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain, Maryanne Wolf writes that with the invention of reading, human beings “rearranged the very organization of our brain, which in turn expanded the ways we were able to think, which changed the intellectual evolution of our species.” Would we really choose to give up that progress?What do you think? Do you hope people keep on reading and writing, or will technology make literacy obsolete(淘汰的)?
50．What does the 2nd paragraph focus on?
A．Technology makes up for illiteracy. B．Many people have problems with literacy.
C．Technology is a double-edged sword. D．Technology is changing fast.
51．Compared to listening, what will a person do when reading?
A．Gather more information. B．Remember less clearly.
C．Show less interest. D．Learn more words.
52．Why does the author mention Maryanne’s book?
A．To give an example of a book on reading.
B．To show the evolution of human beings.
C．To prove that reading is related with brain.
D．To illustrate the need for reading and writing.
53．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．A blog post.
C．A book review. D．An academic article.

We have a list of travel guidelines from health organizations around the world to help you consider measures you should take to help reduce health risks when you travel. Please review all information that you need to protect yourself.
Wash your hands often
Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly for at least 20 seconds with soap and water. If soap and water are not readily available,use a hand sanitizer (洗手液) that contains at least 60% alcohol. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands.
Wear a mask
Clean your hands with aleohol-based hand sanitizer, or soap and water, before putting on a mask. Cover your mouth and nose with a mask or face covering and make sure there are no gaps between your face and the mask. Avoid touching the mask while using it; if you do, clean your hands.
Coughing and sneezing etiquette
If you are not wearing a mask, cover your mouth or nose with a flexed elbow or use disposable tissue and discard immediately after use. Clean hands with alcohol-based hand sanitizer or soap and water after coughing or sneezing.
Social distancing
Maintain at least 6 feet or 2 meters (about 2 arm lengths) distance between yourself and others.
Avoid traveling if unwell
If you have a fever, cough, difficulty breathing, a sore throat or have seen recent changes in taste or smell, medical professionals recommend you not travel. If you get sick during the trip, stay where you are and follow the advice of local officials.
Anticipate travel needs
Bring enough of your medicine to last you for the entire trip and have prescription paperwork with you if traveling internationally.Consider packing enough alcohol based hand sanitizer and keep it within easy reach; but remember some airports or airlines may have limitations on volume of liquids you can carry.Bring a cloth face covering or mask to wear in public places. Pack some food in case restaurants and stores are closed, but remember some airlines may limit your ability to carry food and drinks onboard.
54．What is the text intended to help people do?
A．Travel smarter. B．Travel safer. C．Travel lighter. D．Travel for free.
55．What information does the author provide?
A．Carrying a soap at all times. B．Coughing with your mask off.
C．Keeping a proper social distance. D．Going back home if you feel sick.
56．What does the author recommend carrying in case you need?
A．Alcohol. B．Facecloth. C．Food and drinks. D．Medicine packaging.

Are you a recent graduate? Do you have passion for helping others? Are you looking for a solid work experience in a multicultural environment? If so, you may be interested in the World Bank’s Junior Professional Associate (JPA) program.
The JPA program is a unique opportunity to gain entry-level professional experience and first-hand exposure to the challenges-and rewards-of international development. In your JPA assignment, you’ll work with more senior workmates and project teams on reducing poverty.
What are we looking for?
You should be 28 years of age or younger. Your academic achievements are superior. Your analytical and research skills extend to areas of specialization such as: economics, finance, human development, social sciences, agriculture, environment, etc. An equivalent of a bachelor’s(学士)degree is the minimum.
You are fluent in English and, preferably, in at least one other bank language (Chinese, French, Spanish, Russian, Arabic, or Portuguese). You love technology and integrate it in your work.
What are we offering you?
We will provide you with the opportunity to gain entry-level professional experience in a premier development institution, on a two-year contract with benefits. Since this program is highly competitive, applicants may be asked to submit academic records as well as references. The World Bank will contact only those whom hiring managers wish to interview. Positions may be located in any of the World Bank’s offices across the world.
How to apply?
Interested candidates may apply online. Please note that applications will be kept active in our database for a period of six months. Should you still be interested in JPA program after six months, you will need to re-apply.
57．The JPA program helps the young ______.
A．graduate with high honors
B．find solid and well-paid jobs
C．get entry-level work experience
D．challenge their senior workmates
58．What is necessary to be qualified for the JPA program?
A．Age 28 or under.
B．Superb technology skills.
C．Having a master’s degree.
D．Fluency in English and Latin.
59．What will the World Bank offer?
A．A two-year contract with welfare.
B．Interviews with general managers.
C．Positions in applicants’ hometowns.
D．Analytical and research skills training.

For astronomers who are sighted, the Universe is full of visual wonders. From shimmering planets to shinning galaxies(星系), the universe is impressively beautiful. But those who are visually impaired cannot share that experience. So astronomers have been developing alternative ways to convey(传递)scientific information.
Recently, the journal Nature Astronomy published the latest in a series of articles on the use of sonification in astronomy. Sonification describes the change of data into digital audio(声音)files, which allows them to be heard, as well as read and seen.
In August, Kimberly Arcand, a data-visualization expert and science communicator at the Center for Astrophysics and others transformed some of the first images of the black hole at the centre of the Perseus cluster from the James Webb Space Telescope into sound. They worked under the guidance of people who are blind to map the intensity and colours of light in the headline-grabbing pictures into audio. The sonification of an image of gas and dust in a distant nebula(星云), for instance, uses loud high-frequency sounds to represent bright light near the top of the image, but lower-frequency loud sounds to represent bright light near the image’s centre. The black hole sonification translates data on sound waves travelling through space-created by the black hole’s impact on the hot gas that surrounds it-into the range of human hearing.
Scientists in other fields have also experimented with data sonification. Some have explored whether it can help with discovering Alzheimer’s disease from brain scans. Sound has even been used to describe ecological shifts caused by climate change in an Alaskan forest, with researchers assigning various musical instruments to different tree species.
In the long run, such approaches need to be strictly evaluated to determine what they can offer that other techniques cannot. For all the technical accuracy displayed in individual projects, the Nature Astronomy series points out that there are no universally accepted standards for sonifying scientific data, and little published work that evaluates its effectiveness.
60．What does the underlined word “impaired” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A．Appealing. B．Damaged. C．Directed. D．Impressive.
61．The examples in Paragraph 4 are intended to ______.
A．show the widespread use of sonification
B．introduce the common process of sonification
C．provide people with the cure for particular diseases
D．improve the application of sonification to more fields
62．As for sonification, which would the author agree with?
A．The use of sonification helps to analyze data effectively.
B．The standardization of sonification has yet to be achieved.
C．Sonification can transform some data that other techniques cannot.
D．Lower-frequency sounds show bright light near the top of the image.

Clothes were once used until they fell apart-repaired and sewed to be re-used, ending their lives as dishcloths. Not today. Clothing, footwear and upholstered furniture are increasingly frequently bought, thrown away and replaced with new fashions, which are themselves soon abandoned and replaced.
‘Fast fashion’ is so called partly because the fashion industry now releases new lines every week, when historically this happened four times a year. Today, fashion brands(品牌)produce almost twice the amount of clothing that they did in 2000. But incredibly, more than 50 billion clothes are deserted within a year of being made.
The trend is having an astonishing environmental impact. Take water. The fashion industry, one of the world’s largest users of water, consumes anywhere from 20 trillion to 200 trillion litres every year. Besides, plastic fibres are released when we wash polyester(聚酯纤维)and other polymer-based textiles(纺织物), and make up between 20% and 35% of the microplastics choking the oceans. Added to this are specific chemicals used to make fabrics dirt resistant and the pesticides required to protect crops such as cotton.
Change is badly needed, but will require the fashion industry to work harder to embrace more of what is known as the circular economy. That will involve at least two things: refocusing on making things that last, and so encouraging reuse; and more rapidly expanding the technologies for sustainable manufacturing(制造)processes, especially recycling. There is work to be done for researchers on improving and expanding textiles recycling. Most used textiles go to landfill(废物填埋场), in part because there are relatively few systems that collect, recycle and reuse materials. Such recycling requires the manual separation of fibres, as well as buttons and zips. Different fibres are not easy to identify by eye, and overall such manual processes are time-consuming. Machinery is being developed that can help. Technologies also exist to recycle used fibres chemically and to create high-quality fibres that can be reused in clothing. But these are nowhere near the scale(规模)needed. Another challenge for researchers is to work out how to get consumers and manufacturers to change their behaviour.
Small steps are good, but big changes are needed. The shameful environmental cost of a new cupboard needs to be tackled immediately, at scale, with style.
63．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A．Clothes should be used until they fall apart.
B．Fashion brands are replaced with new ones frequently.
C．Fast fashion leads to a significant increase in fashion waste.
D．Fashion brands produce twice more clothing than necessary.
64．According to the author, what does the circular economy focus on?
A．Improving the production of natural textiles.
B．Studying how fast fashion affects the environment.
C．Releasing new lines four times a year instead of every week.
D．Making durable things and expanding the technologies for recycling.
65．What can you infer from the passage?
A．Consumers are fond of chemically recycled fibres.
B．Systems that collect, recycle and reuse are insufficient.
C．Manual separation of fibres is preferred by manufacturers.
D．Environment damage is mainly caused by using chemicals.
66．What does the author think of the future of fashion industry?
A．Big changes are needed to follow fashion styles.
B．Huge steps should be taken for the needs of consumers.
C．More should be done to deal with the heavy environmental cost.
D．Consumers and manufacturers will change their behaviour immediately.

Orly Wahba is an educator, speaker, entrepreneur (企业家), author and community activist passionate about inspiring and motivating people to be the best that they can be.
As a young child, listening repeatedly to the song, “Heal the World” by Michael Jackson, Orly knew that she wanted to leave her mark and she wanted more than anything to bring people together under the name of peace, respect, and love. Since her teenage years, Orly has worked extensively with tweens and teens as well as local charities in her community providing a helping hand for those who need it most.
Orly began her career in kindness as a middle school educator at the Yeshivah of Flatbush in Brooklyn, NY, teaching the children to use the power they have to influence the world for good. With 8,000 cards, she started a wave of pay-it-forward kindness. Each card contained an act of kindness that once completed, would be passed onto another person. Her project succeeded, enhancing the lives of her students and raising their sense of self-worth as they saw their direct hand in causing a ripple (涟漪) effect. Even now, people may encounter Orly giving out her famed Acts of Kindness Cards on the subway.

Desiring to make a larger impact with her beneficent work and after having been inspired by a small sign on a plane labeled “Life Vest Inside”, Orly founded (2011) Life Vest Inside, a non-profit organization with a mission to encourage people to embrace (拥抱) the incredible power of giving and recognize that in times of hardship, kindness, like a life vest, keeps the world afloat (漂浮).
LVI shot to national attention when Orly’s short film Kindness Boomerang went viral, receiving more than 100 million views and coverage in media such as The TODAY Show, NBC, CBS, ADWEEK, International Business Times and more. In 2013 Orly was invited to speak at TED．
The magic that Orly spreads is undeniable! Through LVI, kind happenings are becoming more frequent. And more people are experiencing the addictiveness in the giving of kindness.
67．How did the song “Heal the World” influence Orly?
A．She wanted to become an entrepreneur.
B．She decided to make a difference to the world.
C．She managed to raise money for local charities.
D．She started to work for a peace organization.
68．The Act of Kindness Cards project ______.
A．teaches people to play cards
B．remains a campus campaign
C．uses the power of an educator
D．encourages people to pass kindness
69．What inspired Orly to establish “Life Vest Inside”?
A．A small sign on a plane.
B．A non-profit organization.
C．A life vest in a flight accident.
D．A sudden recognition of hardship.
70．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A．More people become addictive to magic.
B．Orly achieves amazing success in film career.
C．More people are inspired to show kindness to others.
D．Orly receives international awards for her contribution.

As a Ph. D．student in a new country, lockdown and homesickness combined to leave me feeling lonely and desperate to meet people. To find the connections I was missing, I searched for opportunities that would involve teamwork as a volunteer on the Internet. A position matching graduate students with jobs drew my attention. It needed someone who would lead teams of graduate student volunteers to help bring in industry partners, and work with the university administration and student applicants. The chances to interact with all these different groups were appealing. I had no relevant experience and worried a disturbance to my study, but I still decided I might as well go for it and apply.
The first few weeks in my new role were challenging. Along with my routine study, I was suddenly managing a team of four volunteers and meetings with industry professionals. At first, I was nervous in meetings with them, feeling I wasn’t prepared enough. But as I gained experience, the interactions became truly enjoyable and rewarding. Sometimes the conversations went beyond regular business to touch on career paths, personal challenges, and more. I began to enjoy the daily mix of activities.
I also learned about leadership. At the start, things seemed to go well until one of my team members told me I wasn’t including her fully in decision-making. I was upset; didn’t she trust my leadership? But after I calmed down, I saw that maybe she had a point. So I began to ask team members to lead some of our meetings and encouraged them to express their views. This new approach allowed us to meet our targets while helping everyone feel more content and connected—as colleagues, but also as friends.
Beyond building relationships and skills, this experience expanded my horizons about my own professional future. Before I joined, I had only been exposed to academic career paths, and I assumed that was my future. Now I’ve realized I particularly enjoy feeling part of a team and affecting the lives of others. As I get closer to completing my Ph. D．, I’m approaching job searches with a good idea of what I want.
71．What made the author decide to apply for the volunteer work?
A．The relevance to her study. B．The longing for a family.
C．The desire for social contact. D．The previous work experience.
72．What can we learn about the author’s volunteer work?
A．It drives her away from her study. B．It teaches her how to conduct business.
C．It allows her to adjust her attitude to life and career. D．It helps her identify the professional paths.
73．From the passage, we can learn that the author is ________.
A．open to new challenges B．proud of academic success
C．brave to overcome prejudice D．demanding of group members

参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了关于长寿命混凝土桥梁的最新信息。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Each year, road accidents kill a million people and injure millions more. The economic costs are greatest for developing countries. Earlier this year, the United Nations called for a campaign to improve road safety. （每年，道路事故造成100万人死亡，数百万人受伤。发展中国家的经济成本最大。今年早些时候，联合国呼吁开展一场改善道路安全的运动。）”可知，联合国发起这场运动是因为联合国希望减少道路事故和经济成本。故选D。
2．指代猜测题。根据第六段的“Professor Tikalsky says particles of fly ash are almost exactly the same size and chemical structure as Portland cement. This is the most costly material in concrete. So using fly ash to replace some of it would save money.（Tikalsky教授说颗粒粉煤灰的尺寸和化学结构几乎与硅酸盐水泥完全相同。这是混凝土中成本最高的材料。因此，用粉煤灰来代替其中的一部分可以节省资金。） ”可知，要降低成本应该使用粉煤灰来代替硅酸盐水泥，则说明this指的是硅酸盐水泥，符合它所在句子描述的“混凝土中成本最高的材料是硅酸盐水泥”。故选B。
3．推理判断题。结合第2题的分析再根据第六段的“So using fly ash to replace some of it would save money.（因此，用粉煤灰来代替其中的一部分可以节省资金。）”可知，用粉煤灰建造的桥梁比普通桥梁要便宜。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段的“One way to avoid accidents is better driving. Another is better roads and bridges. Engineers in the Unites States have designed ten new concrete mixtures that they think could make bridges last longer.（美国的工程师们设计了十种新的混凝土混合物，他们认为这些混合物可以使桥梁使用寿命更长。）”可知，全文都是围绕桥梁的新材料而展开的，目的是使得桥梁的寿命更长，因此D项（关于长寿命混凝土桥梁的最新信息）符合文章主旨。故选D。
5．A 6．A 7．D 8．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述许多行业正面临劳动力短缺的问题，同时因机器人的大量出现，很多人担心失去工作岗位，而多项研究发现事实并非如此，拥有更多的机器人来提高生产力将是一件好事。作者认为没有证据表明机器人会导致大面积失业。
5．词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词上文“Warehousing has grown rapidly.( 仓储业发展迅速)”以及下文“picking items off shelves and helping people pack an exponentially rising numbers of boxes.( 它可以从货架上挑选物品，并帮助人们打包数量呈指数级增长的盒子)”可推理出划线词的含义为“必不可少”，与A项表达的含义一致，故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“For all that, the march of the robots will bring big changes to workplaces. The skills and firms that are rewarded will shift,too.But that need not be the disaster many fear. One supposed example of “bad automation” is self-service checkouts in supermarkets because they displace human workers.( 尽管如此，机器人的发展将给工作场所带来巨大的变化。技能和得到回报的公司也将发生变化。但这未必是许多人担心的灾难。一个被认为是“糟糕的自动化”的例子是超市的自助结账，因为它们取代了人工。)”可知提到“糟糕的自动化”是要证明机器人并不意味着灾难，故选A项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As jobs change, workers should be helped to acquire new skills, including how to work with and manage the robots that will increasingly be their colleagues(随着工作的变化，应该帮助工人获得新的技能，包括如何与机器人合作和管理机器人，这些机器人将越来越多地成为他们的同事)”可知，作者认为机器人和人可能成为同事，故选D项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The potential gains from the robot revolution have just started. It won’t be the plot in some films where the robots fight against their human masters and cause mass unemployment(机器人革命的潜在收益才刚刚开始。这不会是一些电影中机器人与人类主人战斗并导致大规模失业的情节)”可推理出，作者认为没有证据表明机器人会造成人类大面积失业，故选B项。
9．C 10．B 11．B 12．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述沃尔顿，虽然小时候是在寄养家庭长大，但是一直非常努力和出色，后来成为麻省理工的临时工作人员，致力于帮助年轻人解决麻烦问题来回馈社会。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“But if you ask anyone in the MIT departments of Chemistry and Physics, or the News Office—the Institute divisions that are fortunate enough to have Greg Walton as their IT service provider, they’ll acknowledge that not only is Walton the best, but whatever the issue is, he will see it through until all involved are satisfied with the outcome. (但如果你问麻省理工学院化学系和物理系的任何人，或者新闻办公室——学院的部门，他们很幸运地拥有格雷格·沃尔顿作为他们的IT服务提供商，他们会承认沃尔顿不仅是最好的，而且无论问题是什么，他都会坚持到底，直到所有参与者都对结果感到满意。)”可知麻省理工学院的工作人员对沃尔顿的高度赞扬主要是因为他以积极的态度解决问题，故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“While many children might, understandably, lie flat under such unsupervised circumstances, Walton excelled academically and athletically at high school. (可以理解的是，许多孩子在这种无人监督的环境下可能会躺平，而沃尔顿在高中时在学业和运动方面都很出色。)”可知沃尔顿在高中学习和体育方面都很出色。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In addition to Year Up, he is involved with a number of organizations committed to helping young adults overcome their troubled pasts. This desire to have a positive impact on people’s lives extends seamlessly into his work at MIT. “Giving back is very important to me,” Walton says. “So many people have invested their time and energy into helping me, so I feel it would be an injustice not to do so.”(除了Year Up，他还参与了一些致力于帮助年轻人克服他们麻烦的过去的组织。这种对人们生活产生积极影响的愿望无缝地延伸到他在麻省理工学院的工作中。“回馈对我来说非常重要，”沃尔顿说。“这么多人投入了时间和精力来帮助我，所以我觉得不这样做是不公平的。”)”可知沃尔顿参与了这么多组织是通过帮助年轻人来回报社会。故选B。
12．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段“When the need for information technology service arises, it can be a stressful moment—the user is locked out of their computer, or a program isn’t working properly. But if you ask anyone in the MIT departments of Chemistry and Physics, or the News Office—the Institute divisions that are fortunate enough to have Greg Walton as their IT service provider, they’ll acknowledge that not only is Walton the best, but whatever the issue is, he will see it through until all involved are satisfied with the outcome. Walton usually arrives on the scene with endless positive energy that transforms a technical annoyance into an enjoyable interaction, regardless of how many other IT fires he has already put out that day. (当对信息技术服务的需求出现时，它可能是一个紧张的时刻——用户被锁在他们的计算机之外，或者一个程序不能正常工作。但如果你问麻省理工学院化学系和物理系的任何人，或者新闻办公室——学院的部门，他们很幸运地拥有格雷格·沃尔顿作为他们的IT服务提供商，他们会承认沃尔顿不仅是最好的，而且无论问题是什么，他都会坚持到底，直到所有参与者都对结果感到满意。沃尔顿通常带着无尽的正能量来到现场，将技术上的烦恼转化为愉快的互动，不管那天他已经解决了多少其他的IT问题。)”可知文章主要讲述沃尔顿，虽然小时候是在寄养家庭长大，但是一直非常努力和出色，后来成为麻省理工的临时工作人员，致力于帮助年轻人解决麻烦问题来回馈社会。故选D。
13．B 14．C 15．D 16．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过爬到树上看到从来没有欣赏过的景色的经历明白了爸爸说过的整体大于各部分的总和的道理。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree to rescue a kite stuck in the branches.(我明白他在说什么，但我从来没有感受过他说的，直到有一天，我爬上梧桐树去救一个卡在树枝上的风筝)”可知，作者爬上一棵梧桐树去取一只被困住的风筝。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“When I had the kite free, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear of being up so high began to lift, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying. Just soaring above the earth, sailing among the clouds.(当我放开风筝的时候，我需要休息一分钟。就在这时，对飞得这么高的恐惧开始消失，取而代之的是一种最奇妙的感觉，那就是我在飞翔。在大地之上翱翔，在云中航行)”和第二段最后四句“And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. I was miles off the ground! But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up.(突然间，我感到头晕和虚弱。我离地好几英里了！但是风筝还是够不着。我屏住呼吸，强迫自己集中精力在风筝上)”可推知，作者的登山经历惊险而有益。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据第五段“I never got over the view. I kept thinking of what it felt like to be up so high in that tree. I wanted to see it, to feel it, again. And again.(我从来没有欣赏过这里的景色。我一直在想站在那么高的树上是什么感觉。我想再次看到它，感受它。一次又一次)”和第七段最后一句“The view from my sycamore was more than rooftops and clouds and wind and colors combined.(从我的梧桐树上看到的不仅仅是屋顶、云、风和色彩的结合)”可知，作者喜欢站在高高的树上是因为她可以欣赏到更多的美景。故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was little, my dad would let me sit beside him on the porch while he painted. He would tell me how the cow by itself is just a cow, and the meadow by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sun peeking through the trees is just a beam of light, but put them all together and you’ve got magic.(当我还小的时候，我爸爸会让我坐在他旁边的门廊上，让他画画。他会告诉我，奶牛本身就是一头牛，草地本身就是草和花，从树丛中透出的阳光只是一束光，但把它们放在一起，你就会看到魔法)”和最后一段“It was magic.(这是魔法)”可推知，作者想要表达的是整体大于各部分的总和。故选D。
17．B 18．A 19．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者因癌症失去了一条腿，在有一次去医院看望一位生病的朋友时，作者受到了一个孩子的嘲笑，作者的妈妈告诉作者需要有人来教这些孩子不能嘲笑别人的残疾，后来作者开始访问小学，教孩子们要尊重不一样的人，后来作者成为了一名鼓舞人心的演说家和作家。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段的“But one thing shook me to a depth I had never experienced before. Two kids were playing in the hallway. As I passed by on my crutches (拐杖), they looked up at me, and suddenly, the little boy pointed at me. “Look at that lady!” It seemed that he was shouting loud enough for the entire hospital to hear. “She only has one leg! Doesn’t that look funny?”(但有一件事让我感到前所未有的震惊。两个孩子在走廊里玩。当我拄着拐杖走过时，他们抬头看着我，突然，那个小男孩指着我。“看那位女士！”他的叫声似乎大到整个医院都能听到。“她只有一条腿！”看起来是不是很有趣？”)”可知，在医院时，让作者震惊的是一个男孩喊出来的话，故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“I knew what I had to do. “Well, someone has to teach them!” I said. And I knew that someone would be me.(我知道我该怎么做。“嗯，总得有人教他们！”我说。我知道那个人就是我。)”和最后一段的“Speaking to children was just the beginning for me. I became an inspirational speaker and author and learned that being grateful for all the remaining parts of me was the only way to start and end my day.(对我来说，对孩子们讲话只是个开始。我成为了一名鼓舞人心的演说家和作家，并学会了对自己剩下的部分心存感激，这是开始和结束一天的唯一方式。)”可知，在医院的经历使作者找到了自己的人生目标，故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I shared my story in my book called I Am Choosing to Smile. I do, indeed, choose to smile. Waking up every morning, I look down at my one foot and say with all sincerity, “Good morning, five toes. I’m very glad to see you!”(我在我的书《我选择微笑》中分享了我的故事。我的确选择微笑。每天早上醒来，我低头看着我的一只脚，真诚地说:“早上好，五个脚趾。我很高兴见到你！”)”可知，作者勇敢地面对自己的缺陷，因此他是勇敢的，故选B。
20．B 21．D 22．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是太平洋科学中心的课程的一些程序。
20．细节理解题。根据每一个程序中的介绍中的“Cost: $ 300(费用：300美元)”，“Cost: $500(费用：$500)”，“Cost Varies by Group Size·1-99 participants: $ 250·100-199 participants: $ 350·200+participants: $550(费用因团队规模而异·1-99人：250美元·100-199人：350美元·200人以上：550美元)”，“Cost: $ 200(费用：200美元)”可知，这些程序的费用各不相同，故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据Ecosystem Investigators部分的“Work as a team to create a virtual ecosystem model revealing how living and non-living parts connect and interact in an aquatic (水生的) environment.(作为一个团队，创建一个虚拟的生态系统模型，揭示生物和非生物部分如何在水生环境中连接和相互作用)”可知，需要合作的程序是Ecosystem Investigators，故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Bring the fun and excitement of a PacSci fieldtrip to your students while engaging them with enriching content designed to enhance your curriculum (课程) and arouse their curiosity.(为您的学生带来PacSci实地考察的乐趣和兴奋，同时为他们提供丰富的课程内容，以增强您的课程并激发他们的好奇心)”可知，本文是给老师写的，故选C。
23．C 24．D 25．B 26．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了英国一家植物研究所的研究人员发现了一种方法，可以为植物提供一种基于抗体的防御机制，以抵御一种特定的威胁，这可能会加速作物对任何新出现的病毒或细菌的抗性的产生。
23．词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“a protein from the plant pathogen (病原体) to be targeted to a camel or other camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibodies the camels produce, and engineer the corresponding gene section for them into a plant’s own immune gene(将植物病原体中的一种蛋白质接种到骆驼或其他骆驼亲属，纯化骆驼产生的异常小的抗体，并将其相应的基因片段转化为植物自身的免疫基因)”可知，要纯化骆驼产生的异常小的抗体，并将相应的基因片段设计成植物自身的免疫基因，需要把一种来自植物病原体的蛋白质引入到骆驼或其他骆驼的近亲身上，故画线词意思是“引入”。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“Farmers lose many billions of dollars to plant diseases each year, and emerging pathogens pose new threats to food security in the developing world. Plants have evolved their own immune system, kick-started by cell receptors that recognize general pathogen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptors for molecules (分子) produced by specific pathogens. If a plant cell detects these molecules, it may trigger its own death to save the rest of the plant. But plant pathogens often evolve and escape from those receptors.(农民每年因植物病害损失数十亿美元，新出现的病原体对发展中国家的粮食安全构成了新的威胁。植物已经进化出了自己的免疫系统，由识别一般病原体特征（如细菌细胞壁）的细胞受体以及识别特定病原体产生的分子的细胞内受体启动。如果一个植物细胞检测到这些分子，它可能会触发自己的死亡，以拯救植物的其余部分。但植物病原体经常进化并逃离这些受体)”可推知，第二段的主要目的是揭示为什么植物不能应对不断更新的疾病。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The exciting part about this technology is that we have the potential of made-to-order resistance genes and keeping up with a pathogen,” Kamoun says.( Kamoun说：“这项技术令人兴奋的部分是，我们有可能定制抗性基因，并跟上病原体的步伐。”)”可知，纳米体可以帮助植物跟上病原体的变化。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, says the mixture of nano-bodies with plant immune receptors opens up a vast body of biomedical knowledge for plant scientists. “We can now dig into all of that research and translate it to save crops.”(加州大学伯克利分校的科学家Ksenia Krasileva说，纳米体与植物免疫受体的混合为植物科学家开辟了一个庞大的生物医学知识体系。“我们现在可以深入研究所有这些研究，并将其转化为拯救作物。”)”可知，科学家将把研究结果应用到现实世界中。故选A。
27．B 28．B 29．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SnotBot帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。
27．推理判断题。根据第四段中“They call their project Conservation AI. When someone uploads an image or video, the model analyzes the data.”（他们称他们的项目为人工智能保护。当有人上传图像或视频时，该模型会分析数据。）可推知，人工智能保护会先研究上传的图片或视频数据。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With a little more work, Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier for conservationists to better protect endangered animals.”（Wich认为，再多做一点工作，这样的系统将使环保主义者更容易更好地保护濒危动物。）可知，虽然这个系统还存在缺陷，但是进一步完善后，可以发挥保护濒危动物的作用。由此可知，Wich对人工智能模型的未来是充满希望的。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SnotBot帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。因此，D项“飞行机器人保护濒危野生动物”可概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
30．B 31．C 32．A 33．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述企业在数字化转型过程中要关注劳动力技能的提高，也不能忽视数字化转型所需的其他能力，强调硬技能和软技能结合的重要性。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段“For instance, with each exciting new technology comes a growing concern about whether we have a digitally savvy (精明的) workforce ready to take advantage of it. After all, keeping the workforce up to speed with the latest advances is a key element of the digital transformation process, which will prove essential if we hope to improve business productivity and efficiency alongside our efforts to achieve sustained growth. (例如，随着每一项令人兴奋的新技术的出现，人们越来越担心我们是否有一支精通数字技术的员工队伍准备好利用它。毕竟，让员工跟上最新进展是数字化转型过程的关键要素，如果我们希望在实现持续增长的同时提高业务生产力和效率，这将证明至关重要)”可知，作者在数字化转型过程中主要关注的是劳动力技能是否能跟上。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段内容叙述可知，主要讲述企业应该创造一种学习的文化，强调个人成长，让工作场所变得有动力。由此推知，雇主应该在员工内部培养一种学习文化。故选C。
32．词义猜测题。根据下文“As a result, human skills must not be underestimated. Every business will need a range of people with a variety of skills—not only those well-versed in math, engineering, and science, but also those with creative minds and leadership qualities. (因此，人类的技能绝不能被低估。每个企业都需要具备各种技能的人才——不仅是精通数学、工程和科学的人才，还需要具有创造性思维和领导才能的人才)”可知，正确处理人与技术之间的互动将是至关重要的。由此推知，划线词paramount意思是“至关重要的”。故选A。
33．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其倒数第二段“Of course, it’s all well and good saying that digital skills are vital, but a workforce with purely hard skills will not future-proof a business. There’s a need for soft skills that support the broader goal, so as not to neglect the other competencies required in a digital transformation: communication, critical thinking, creative design skills, and leadership. (当然，数字技能是至关重要的说法很好，但仅仅拥有硬技能的员工并不能保证企业的未来发展。我们需要软技能来支持更广泛的目标，这样就不会忽视数字化转型所需的其他能力：沟通、批判性思维、创造性设计技能和领导能力)”可推知，文章的目的是讲述企业在数字化转型过程中要关注劳动力技能的提高，也不能忽视数字化转型所需的其他能力，强调硬技能和软技能结合的重要性。故选C。
34．B 35．A 36．B 37．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己对航海的热爱。
34．细节理解题。根据第一段的“My father liked sailing and built them. My older sister and I were stuffed into a car nearly every summer weekend until my late teens to make the trip from northeast Indiana to the south shore of Lake Erie in Ohio… through the week(我父亲喜欢帆船，于是造了它们。几乎每个夏天的周末，我和妹妹都被塞进一辆车里，从印第安纳州东北部前往俄亥俄州的伊利湖南岸，父亲制造的Talisman在那里耐心地等待了整整一个星期。)”可知，作者小时候会在夏天的周末与父亲和妹妹一起航海。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段的“As a kid, I read the adventures of Robin Lee Graham, a traveller exploring the sea alone, in the pages of National Geographic and, later, in Graham's book, Dove.( 小时候，我读过《国家地理》杂志上的罗宾·李·格雷厄姆的冒险故事，他是一位独自探索海洋的旅行者，后来又读过格雷厄姆的书《鸽子》。)”可推断，这本书与海上探索有关。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But boats are expensive and time-consuming. After returning from the Caribbean a few years ago, we decided to sell Symbiosis, resolving instead to sail only ‘other people’s boats’.(但船既昂贵又费时。几年前从加勒比海回来后，我们决定卖掉Symbiosis，决定只驾驶“别人的船”。)”可知，Symbiosis是昂贵的，也是耗时的。由此可知，作者付不起保养的钱。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“And it is why I’m really into sailing.(这就是我喜欢航海的原因。)”和下文的描述可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是通过记叙自己的过往，展现出对航海的激情。故选A。
38．A 39．C 40．A 41．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个最新的锻炼方式。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Towerrunning is a sport you can do in the tall buildings of almost any big city. (跑塔是一项你几乎可以在任何大城市的高楼大厦里进行的运动)”可知，Towerrunning必须在高楼里做。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段“The sport was adapted from surfing and it had its roots in Polynesia where people used paddling for both work and play-from transport to catching waves. (这项运动是由冲浪运动演变而来的，它起源于波利尼西亚，那里的人们将划桨用于工作和娱乐——从运输到乘风破浪)”可知，桨板是从波利尼西亚来的。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To perform trapeze, people must develop upper-body strength to turn and fly. (为了表演空中飞人，人们必须锻炼上肢力量来转弯和飞行)”可知，要做好空中飞人，人必须有强壮的上肢力量。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Are you ready? Even a short amount of exercise every day can help us to feel happier and more relaxed. (你准备好了吗？即使是每天少量的运动也能让我们感到更快乐、更放松)”可知，这篇文章号召人们行动起来。故选B。
42．D 43．C 44．B 45．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现两个具体因素——工作压力大和对工作的控制力低——与高死亡率密切相关。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现等情况。
42．细节理解题。根据第四段“Those with high stress, low-autonomy jobs who died were likely to have suffered depression.(那些工作压力大、自主权低的人很可能患有抑郁症)”可知，GonzalezMulé认同员工应该被允许自己做决定。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In that way, the Covid-19 pandemic may have actually moved things forward: Employers who were unwilling to take the step of allowing flexible working on employees’ terms have had to adapt fast and, in many cases have seen positive results.(从这种角度来看，新冠疫情实际上可能推动了事情的发展：不愿采取措施，允许员工按条件灵活工作的雇主不得不迅速适应，在许多情况下已经看到了积极的结果)”可知，新冠肺炎大流行增加了自主权。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Allowing people to choose what they want to do is kind of a higher order level of autonomy, whereas just allowing people to prioritize tasks and tackle things in the order they want is kind of on the low end(允许人们选择他们想做的事情是一种更高层次的自主权，而仅仅允许人们按照他们想要的顺序排列任务的优先级和处理事情的顺序是一种低层次的自主权)”可知，决定先做什么属于较低层次的自治。故选B。
45．主旨大意题。根据第二段“In a study titled “This job is killing me” conducted at Northern Illinois University and Indiana a University, the researchers discovered that two specific factors-having a high-stress job and low control over one’s work-were closely related with higher death rates.(在北伊利诺伊大学和印第安纳大学进行的一项名为“这份工作要了我的命”的研究中，研究人员发现两个具体因素——工作压力大和对工作的控制力低——与高死亡率密切相关)”可知，B选项“高压力工作可能导致死亡”最符合文章标题。故选B。
46．D 47．A 48．D 49．D

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了一位农民在世界上最艰苦的赛马比赛中名列前茅。
46．细节理解题。由文中第四段首句“Competitors race between checkpoints 22 miles apart, where they change horses.”（竞争者们在相隔22英里的检查站之间比赛，在检查站他们会更换马）可知，在这个比赛中，竞争者们在检查站换马，故选D项。
47．细节理解题。由文中第五段“Walker, whose grandfather Neville Crump trained three Grand National winners, was an hour ahead of his rivals as the race entered its eighth day but was awarded a time penalty (判罚)because his horse had a high heart rate during one of the regular checks to ensure that the animals were healthy.”（Walker的祖父Neville Crump曾经训练出了三位Grand National冠军，他本人领先对手一小时，然而随着比赛进入第八天，由于他的马在一次以确保马的健康状态的常规检查中发现心率高，因此他获得了时间判罚。）可知，他落后的原因是获得了时间判罚，故选A项。
48．词义猜测题。由文中第七段““The horses are quite wild. I got bucked off three times. I fell off in a hole, ” he said. “You’re going along and suddenly disappear. You have to hang on to your horse for dear life or it goes off.””（“马野性十足。我被弹出去了三次，我掉到了一个洞里”，他说。你走着走着就不见了。你必须要紧紧抓住你的马报名否则它会跑走）可知，在本句“He said it was important to form a team mainly because falling off alone means that there is no one to help you retrieve your horse.”（他说形成一个团队是重要的，因为一个人摔下来就意味着没人帮你去 你的马），此处指的是，一个人跌倒了，马会跑走，没人帮你取回你的马，故选D项。
49．推理判断题。由文中第六段“Walker said he had gone to Mongolia to “give it a go” but realized that he stood a chance of winning after teaming up with Patrick Heffron, a competitor from Ireland.”（Walker说他去蒙古是为了“试一试”，但他意识到，在与来自爱尔兰的竞争对手帕特里克·赫夫龙（Patrick Heffron）合作后，他有机会获胜）和第八段“Walker who has raised more than £7000 for the charity Riding for the Disabled Association, own horses and his son is a professional polo player.”（Walker为慈善机构“残疾人骑行协会”筹集了7000多英镑，他拥有马匹，他的儿子是一名职业马球运动员。）可知，Walker是一个有合作精神且慷慨的人，故选D项。
50．A 51．A 52．C 53．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了当今社会科技使人不读不写就能融入社会，但是读写能力仍然是最强大的认知工具。
50．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Could a growing number of people participate in today’s world without reading or writing at all? Technology makes it possible. Most of our devices now talk to us and take spoken commands.(越来越多的人不读不写就能融入当今世界吗？科技使之成为可能。现在，我们的大多数设备都能与我们对话，并接受语音指令)”可知，本段主要介绍，由于智能科技设备的识别语音功能，没有读写识字能力的人也有可能融入社会生活。科技弥补了不识字这一缺陷。故选A项。
51．细节理解题。根据第三段“For one, most people read faster than they speak. A podcaster or audio book narrator speaks at around150to 160 words per minute, while a strong reader can cruise through a text at 300 to 400 words per minute. That’s twice as fast! Research has also found that people remember more information and stay more interested when they read as opposed to listen.(首先，大多数人读得比说得快。播客或有声书的解说员每分钟大约说150到160个单词，而阅读能力强的人每分钟可以读300到400个单词。这是原来的两倍!研究还发现，与听相比，人们在阅读时能记住更多信息，也更有兴趣)”可知，与听相比，在相等时间内，阅读能获取更多信息。故选A项。
52．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In her book Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain, Maryanne Wolf writes that with the invention of reading, human beings ‘rearranged the very organization of our brain, which in turn expanded the ways we were able to think, which changed the intellectual evolution of our species.’(玛丽安·沃尔夫在她的书《普鲁斯特和乌贼:阅读大脑的故事和科学》中写道，随着阅读的发明，人类“重新安排了我们大脑的组织，这反过来扩展了我们能够思考的方式，从而改变了我们物种的智力进化)”可知，Maryanne Wolf认为阅读是和大脑组织有联系的，作者提到她的书也是要证明这一点。故选C项。
53．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Could a growing number of people participate in today’s world without reading or writing at all? Technology makes it possible.(越来越多的人不读不写就能融入当今世界吗？科技使之成为可能)”和最后一段末“Would we really choose to give up that progress?What do you think? Do you hope people keep on reading and writing, or will technology make literacy obsolete?(我们真的会选择放弃这种进步吗？你怎么看？你希望人们继续阅读和写作，还是希望科技使读写能力过时？)”可知，作者在和读者互动，期待答复与评论。由此推测，文章可能出自网络博客的帖子。故选B项。
54．B 55．C 56．C

【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助游客考虑旅行时应采取的措施，以降低健康风险。
54．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We have a list of travel guidelines from health organizations around the world to help you consider measures you should take to help reduce health risks when you travel.(我们有一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助你考虑应该采取的措施，以帮助你在旅行时减少健康风险)”可知，这篇文章想要帮助人们减少健康风险，更安全的旅行。故选B项。
55．细节理解题。根据小标题Social distancing下的段落中“Maintain at least 6 feet or 2 meters (about 2 arm lengths) distance between yourself and others.(你和别人之间保持至少6英尺或2米(大约2个手臂长度)的距离)”可知，作者在文章中提到了保持适当的社交距离。故选C项。
56．细节理解题。根据小标题Anticipate travel needs下的段落中“Bring a cloth face covering or mask to wear in public places. Pack some food in case restaurants and stores are closed, but remember some airlines may limit your ability to carry food and drinks onboard.(带上一些食物以防餐馆和商店关门，但要记住一些航空公司可能会限制你携带食物和饮料的能力)”可知，作者建议携带食物和饮料以备不时之需。故选C项。
57．C 58．A 59．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍JPA项目的招聘要求，项目提供的内容和如何申请加入JPA项目。
57．细节理解题。根据第二段“The JPA program is a unique opportunity to gain entry-level professional experience and first-hand exposure to the challenges-and rewards-of international development. (JPA项目是一个独特的机会，可以获得入门级的专业经验，并直接接触国际开发的挑战和回报。)”可知，JPA项目可以帮助年轻人获得入门级工作经验。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据What are we looking for?中的“You should be 28 years of age or younger.(你的年龄应该在28岁或以下。)” 可知获得JPA项目资格的必要条件是年龄要在28岁或以下，故选A。
59．细节理解题。根据What are we offering you? 中的“We will provide you with the opportunity to gain entry-level professional experience in a premier development institution, on a two-year contract with benefits.(我们将为您提供在一流开发机构获得入门级专业经验的机会，合同为期两年，并附带福利。)”可知世界银行将提供一份为期两年的合同并附带福利。故选A。
60．B 61．A 62．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是超声技术在实践中的应用以及当前存在的问题。
60．词义猜测题。根据前文“For astronomers who are sighted, the Universe is full of visual wonders. From shimmering planets to shinning galaxies(星系), the universe is impressively beautiful. (对于视觉正常的天文学家来说，宇宙充满了视觉奇迹。从闪烁的行星到闪耀的星系，宇宙是令人印象深刻的美丽。)”，以及划线词句中的“but”可知，本句与前句构成了转折关系，前面讲述的对于视觉正常的天文学家来说，宇宙充满了视觉奇迹，后文应该指出对于那些视力损伤的人则不能享受此经历。故划线词impaired与B选项damaged为同义词，意为“损坏”。故选B。
61．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Scientists in other fields have also experimented with data sonification.(其他领域的科学家也对数据声波化进行了试验。)”可知，本段中的例子主要阐述的是科学家对数据声波化进行的试验，表明超声波的广泛应用。故选A。
62．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For all the technical accuracy displayed in individual projects, the Nature Astronomy series points out that there are no universally accepted standards for sonifying scientific data, and little published work that evaluates its effectiveness.(《自然-天文学》系列指出，对于个别项目中显示的所有技术精度，没有普遍接受的超声科学数据的标准，很少有发表的工作评估其有效性。)”可知，当前，还没有普遍接受的超声科学数据的标准，即超声技术的标准化还有待实现。故选B。
63．C 64．D 65．B 66．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“快时尚”潮流给环境所带来的危害，以及研究人员为了避免环境危害尝试的措施。
63．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Clothing, footwear and upholstered furniture are increasingly frequently bought, thrown away and replaced with new fashions, which are themselves soon abandoned and replaced.(人们越来越频繁地购买衣服、鞋类和软垫家具，然后扔掉，换上新的时装，而这些时装本身很快又被抛弃和替换。)”以及第二段中“Today, fashion brands(品牌)produce almost twice the amount of clothing that they did in 2000. But incredibly, more than 50 billion clothes are deserted within a year of being made.( 如今，时尚品牌的服装产量几乎是2000年的两倍。但令人难以置信的是，超过500亿件衣服在制作完成后的一年内被丢弃。)”可以推断，快时尚导致时尚浪费的显著增加。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据第四段中“That will involve at least two things: refocusing on making things that last, and so encouraging reuse; and more rapidly expanding the technologies for sustainable manufacturing(制造)processes, especially recycling.( 这至少涉及两件事：重新专注于制造耐用的物品，从而鼓励重复使用；并更迅速地扩展可持续制造过程的技术，特别是回收利用。)”可知，循环经济注重的是制造耐用的物品，从而鼓励重复使用；并更迅速地扩展可持续制造过程的技术，故选D。
65．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ Most used textiles go to landfill(废物填埋场), in part because there are relatively few systems that collect, recycle and reuse materials. Such recycling requires the manual separation of fibres, as well as buttons and zips. (大多数用过的纺织品都被扔进了垃圾填埋场，部分原因是收集、回收和再利用材料的系统相对较少。这种回收需要手工分离纤维，以及纽扣和拉链。)”可知，大多数用过的纺织品都被扔进了垃圾填埋场，部分原因是收集、回收和再利用材料的系统相对较少。故选B。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Small steps are good, but big changes are needed. The shameful environmental cost of a new cupboard needs to be tackled immediately, at scale, with style.( 一小步是好的，但大的改变是必要的。快时尚所带来的令人羞耻的环境成本需要立即大规模、有格调地加以解决。)”可知，就长远来看，我们需要做出大的改变是十分必要的，因此人类应该采取更多措施来应对“快时尚”所带来的沉重的环境代价。故选C。
67．B 68．D 69．A 70．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了主人公Orly通过自己的行动创建了爱心组织，从而影响他人和整个世界。
67．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As a young child, listening repeatedly to the song, “Heal the World” by Michael Jackson, Orly knew that she wanted to leave her mark and she wanted more than anything to bring people together under the name of peace, respect, and love. (小时候，反复听迈克尔·杰克逊的《Heal the World》这首歌，Orly知道她想留下自己的印记，她最想要的是以和平、尊重和爱的名义把人们团结在一起。)”可知，Orly深受《Heal the World》这首歌的影响，让她知道自己决定改变世界。故选B。
68．细节理解题。根据第三段中“With 8,000 cards, she started a wave of pay-it-forward kindness. Each card contained an act of kindness that once completed, would be passed onto another person. (有了8000张卡片，她掀起了一股“传递爱心”的浪潮。每张卡片都包含一个善举，一旦完成，就会传递给另一个人。)”可知，善举卡片项目的目的是鼓励人们传递善意。故选D。
69．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Desiring to make a larger impact with her beneficent work and after having been inspired by a small sign on a plane labeled ‘Life Vest Inside’, Orly founded (2011) Life Vest Inside (Orly希望通过她的慈善工作产生更大的影响，并受到飞机上一个写着“Life Vest Inside”的小标志的启发，创办了Life Vest Inside(2011)。)”可知，飞机上的一个小标签启发她创建了该组织。故选A。
70．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The magic that Orly spreads is undeniable! Through LVI, kind happenings are becoming more frequent. And more people are experiencing the addictiveness in the giving of kindness.(Orly传播的魔力是不可否认的！通过LVI，善意的事情变得越来越频繁。越来越多的人正在经历对给予善意的上瘾。)”可知，在Orly的鼓舞下，越来越多的人愿意向他人展示和表达善意。故选C。
71．C 72．D 73．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在异国读博生涯中，勇于挑战自己，尝试从未做过的工作，最终丰富了自己的阅历，开阔了自己的视野。
71．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第第一句和第二句“As a Ph. D. student in a new country, lockdown and homesickness combined to leave me feeling lonely and desperate to meet people. To find the connections I was missing, I searched for opportunities that would involve teamwork as a volunteer on the Internet.”（在异国他乡攻读博士，疫情封控和思乡之情使我感觉非常孤独，迫切想要和人们取得联系。为了找寻我缺失的联系，我在网上寻找可以作为志愿者参与团队合作的机会。）可知，疫情封控和身处异乡使得作者与社会脱节，他为了重新与社会获得联系，他决定申请志愿者工作。故选C项。
72．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句第三句“Now I’ve realized I particularly enjoy feeling part of a team and affecting the lives of others. As I get closer to completing my Ph. D., I’m approaching job searches with a good idea of what I want. ”（现在我意识到我特别喜欢成为一个团队的一员，并影响他人的生活。随着我离完成博士学位越来越近，我在寻找工作时对自己想要的东西有了一个清晰的想法。）说明作者做了这份工作后，对待职业的态度发生很大的变化，对自己的职业定位更清楚了，因此推断志愿者工作帮助作者确定了自己的职业道路。故选D。
73．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“I had no relevant experience and worried a disturbance to my study, but I still decided I might as well go for it and apply.”（我没有相关的经验，也担心会干扰自己的学习，但我还是决定去试一下。）说明作者没有害怕未知的工作，结合第三段第一句“I also learned about leadership.”（我也学到了领导力。）说明作者勇于尝试新鲜事物，乐于学习，证明作者是一个勇于接受挑战的人。故选A项。