高考英语阅读表达专项训练

这是一份高考英语阅读表达专项训练，共77页。
阅读表达
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In 2019, the state of California was on fire. Alexandria Villaseor, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California’s Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150,000 acres of land. Villaseor was scared. “That’s when I found out how important climate education was,” she reflected. “And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years.”
Villaseor, at the age of 15, was determined to have a bigger conversation. She quickly realized the fight requires international, government-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations’ New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, begging for the world’s leaders to take climate change seriously.
Her action received national attention, with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement. “It’s completely unacceptable not to learn anything about our planet and our environment in school, after all the young people would inherit the Earth.” Villaseor said, “That’s why I think that climate education is so important, and that’s why I focus a lot on it now.”
Right now, Villaseor is working with the American Administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center on the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2021 Democratic National Convention. “This was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists.” Villaseor said.
When she isn’t connecting with her fellow youth activists, Villaseor is like most other teens. “My favorite thing to do, of course, is sleep,” she said, “I like to read a lot. I like fantasy books, normally. I also like to write.”
1．What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? (no more than 10 words)
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2．How did Villaseor make the world’s leaders attach importance to climate education? (no more than 15 words)
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3．How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3? (no more than 15 words)
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4．When was the huge moment to Villaseor? (no more than10 words)
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5．What do you think of Villaseor? Please explain in your own words? (no more than 20 words)
___________________________________________________


Notes: ①zoom: 快速移动    ②meteor: 流星
请根据诗歌内容，回答下列问题。
6．Where can the writer find the swings according to the poem?
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7．What is the writer trying to do when he moves backwards and forwards so low at first?
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8．When does the writer feel less sad?
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9．What does the underlined word mean in Chinese?
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10．Is a simile (比喻) used in the poem?
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阅读下面短文，根据题后要求回答问题。
Fashion’s Melt Down
Throwaway culture is trashing the planet—but one young chemical engineer has her own way to turn it over.
Fast fashion has changed the way we dress. We buy more clothes, more often–but we wear them less. Alina Bassi, founder of Kleiderly, wants to give our clothing waste another chance at a useful life.
Bassi has always cared about the threat of climate change, but she actually started her career in the oil industry. After a few years, she landed at bio-bean, a startup that turned waste coffee grounds into products that could be burnt for heat and fuel. After a year, Bassi was keen to branch out—used coffee grounds are not the biggest threat facing the planet. Instead, she poured her efforts into tackling a much bigger global polluter: the fashion industry.
According to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, we produce 100 billion items of clothing per year, and this is set to double by 2050. But they don’t last long enough to offset(抵消) the carbon cost of producing the material, creating the clothes, and then shipping them to customers. “It makes no sense that we have such a high carbon footprint for something so short-lived.” Bassi says.
Using the principles of a circular economy, Bassi has developed a low-energy, multi-stage process to turn clothing fibres into an alternative to oil-based plastic. This new plastic can then be used by manufacturers in their existing machines, so that your old T-shirts and jeans will become different products instead of clothes, such as clothing hangers, or even furniture.
Fashion companies have some other ways to reduce fashion waste, from creating clothes designed to last, to recycling the fabric to make more clothing. But “a problem this big needs multiple solutions,” Bassi says. “We think about the multiple lives of a product and how we can keep reusing it instead of letting it fall into landfills or incinerators (焚化炉),” she says.
11．Why did Bassi switch her focus to the fashion industry?
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12．How did she tackle the problems caused by the fashion industry?
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13．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
● Kleiderly can change old jackets and trousers into a new material, which can be used to make more clothing.
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14．Please briefly present your own solution(s) to the throwaway problem in daily life. (about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
For years, psychologists have known how to measure the intelligence of individuals, but only recently have they begun to investigate the issue of group intelligence. This notion stems from the observation that some groups seem to work fantastically across tasks, even tasks that are not very similar. Early investigations suggest that group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it. So what is the secret to their success?
Researchers at Google have tackled this question. They collected thousands of data points on hundreds of groups and combed through them trying to find patterns. Are the members of effective groups friends outside of work? Do groups whose members have similar personalities or backgrounds work together best? They put forward many theories but found no patters to support them.
In fact, who was in the group apparently did not seem to make a difference; instead, the difference between more and less effective groups seemed to lie in the interaction among the members. In effective groups, members spoke for a roughly equal amount of time—not at every meeting or interaction, but across the course of a project. Additionally, in effective groups, members face one another directly when they speak, using energetic and enthusiastic gestures. Moreover, side conversations between individual members during meetings, far from being a distraction, actually increased the group’s productivity. The positive behaviors uncovered in the study occur exclusively in face-to-face interaction.
One might argue that most of these findings are extremely obvious, and needless to say, good managers have probably always understood the principles. However, understanding group intelligence can help business and other organizations make the fundamental changes necessary to improve group performance. The reason is that our social and professional lives are not always structured in ways that facilitate the kind of interaction that apparently underlines effective group performance.
15．What is the finding of previous studies on group intelligence?
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16．Why is it important for people to understand group intelligence?
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17．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why.
▶Although side conversations distract members during meetings, they can help to boost the group’s efficiency.
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18．Apart from what is mentioned in the passage, what other way(s) can we use to improve group intelligence?(In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
“I can’t” might actually mean “I don’t want to,” “I’m afraid,” “I’m confused,” or even “I don’t know how.” And after parsing out hidden meanings for the hundredth time, I can understand why my childhood gymnastics coach had put a gym-wide ban on the phrase.
Anyone who used it, even the other coaches, had to do 50 push-ups before trying conversation again. It wasn’t that he wanted people to do things beyond their skill or safety level. The policy was against the words themselves. He felt they were a shield to hide behind instead of admitting more useful and actionable hesitations. “I’m afraid.” “I’ve never done it by myself.” “I need to rest a few minutes before I try.” “I’m embarrassed to try in front of other people.” “I don’t want to, because...”.
Academic experiences can follow the same pattern. Answering unexpected questions or trying a new protocol in front of an audience can be crippling, Homework problems can compound and seem to get worse with each try instead of better. We end up uttering “I can’t,” because sometimes it’s easier than “I am so frustrated and exhausted that I want to cry,” “This makes me feel so dumb,” or even “I need help.”
As an asthmatic, my most vivid memories come from the annual hazing ritual known as the gym-class mile run. For me, “I can’t” actually meant “I’m afraid of having an asthma attack in front of all of my classmates,” and “It’s so embarrassing to run and be laps behind my peers; I would rather shield my ego from the hit by intentionally walking the whole thing, so please leave me alone.” My heart still starts to race just thinking of the number of times my self-preserving. “I can’t” was met with a dismissive “Of course, you can.”
But letting ourselves fall back on the “I can’t” can do more damage than just hiding our deeper feelings. Eventually we, and the people around us, start to believe it. I know there are things I have stopped trying because, well, I just can’t. So why try? The number of laps I have avoided with well-timed bathroom breaks is staggering. I can’t go back and tell my childhood self that the mile run wasn’t worth the anticipatory anxiety. But I can remember how badly I wished even one classmate had acknowledged that I had barely missed the school record in sit-and- reach instead of teasing me about laps the next day. I can remember that “I can’t” can so often mean something else. And I can take the time to try to ask the right questions, so that I can say something more useful in response than “Of course you can.”
19．What were people supposed to do if they said “I can’t” in my childhood gymnastics?
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20．What does “I can’t” actually mean when I said that in the gym-class mile run?
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21．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
There are things I have stopped trying because of the fact that I am not able to do that.
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22．Describe one of your experiences of dealing with “I can’t”. (In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Judgement is a quality that is hard to define but important to possess. Sir Andrew Likierman of the London Business School suggests that judgment is “the combination of personal qualities with relevant knowledge and experience to form opinions and take decisions”. And he argues that, thus defined, judgment involves a process — taking in information, deciding whom and what to trust, summarizing one’s personal knowledge, checking any prior beliefs or feelings, summarizing the choices available and then making the decision.
Expert knowledge can be useful in making judgments. But they are not the same thing. “Academics have expert knowledge,” Sir Andrew observes. “They don’t necessarily have judgment.” People with judgment know when they are out of their depth in making a decision and typically then seek the advice of someone who has the right background and knowledge. “While good judgment is important to success,” Sir Andrew cautions, “success is not a signal that there has been good judgment.”
The degree of judgment required tends to increase as people take on more responsibility. Those with routine tasks generally have limited scope for judgment. Line supervisors have some discretion (自行决定权). For a chief executive, the proportion of decisions involving judgment is high. Deciding not to take action is also a judgment with potentially serious consequences (for example, “I won’t get vaccinated” or “I won’t pay my bills”). The world is full of people whose lack of judgment brought their careers or personal life crashing down. Many made the common mistake of assuming everything was fine.
Though artificial intelligence gets used for more and more routine tasks in the service sector, exercising judgment may be one area where humans retain an edge over machines. This is far from certain, however. With enough practice, machines may be able to recognize these implicit cues and thus display the equivalent of good judgment. But then, perhaps humans can be taught, too. In the long run, one of the trickiest aspects of human judgment may be knowing precisely when to let machines take decisions and when to leave it to people.
23．What’s Sir Andrew’s definition of judgement?
________________________________________________________________
24．Why aren’t expert knowledge and making judgments the same thing?
________________________________________________________________
25．Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
Although artificial intelligence is widely used for routine tasks, it can never exercise judgment as well as humans.
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26．Do you agree that humans “retain an edge over machines” in terms of making judgements? Why or why not? (In about 40 words)
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阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When Brantley Harrison and her family rescued a tiny, injured squirrel back, then released her back into the wild, they didn’t expect to ever see her again. Nine years later, however, little Bella, they called the squirrel Bella, still comes to visit them almost every day—as long as snacks are provided, of course.
As a baby, the terrible attack made by an owl (猫头鹰) left Bella near death, she was carefully taken in by the Greenville County, South Carolina family, and raised by them alongside three other squirrels named Larry, Curly, and Moe. Bella stayed with the Harrisons until she had healed successfully thanks to a regular diet of fruit, nuts, and baby food, and was ready to jump on the trees in the forest. The sweet squirrel never goes too far from her adopted home, though, and stops by to say hello whenever she can, despite how much time has passed.
“Bella sits right at the front door waiting for someone to notice she has come by for a visit. If no one notices her, she will jump over to the dining room window to wait for someone to see her,” Brantley told The Dodo. The little lady just isn’t ready to part with the family that succored her life. Whenever she stops by, she asks for nothing more than a handful of nuts.
What is the most amazing part? A few years after Bella’s original stay at the Harrison house, she found her way back to them with an injured foot—and a belly full of babies—spending another few months of recovering. “It was truly amazing to watch the baby I raised raise her own babies,” Brantley said. Bella now even has her own Instagram page, where her human family documents her adventures, with almost 4 thousand followers!
27．What happened after little Bella was injured by an owl? (No more than 10 words)
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28．How did the Harrisons take care of little Bella? (No more than 15 words)
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29．What does the underlined word in the third paragraph mean? (Only 1 word)
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30．What brought Bella back to the Harrisons a few years after its original stay? (No more than 10 words)
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31．How does Bella’s story inspire you? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The term “nostalgia” was first coined in 1688 and was defined as a mental illness of soldiers continually thinking about their homeland and longing for return. However, today we have a much more positive attitude to nostalgia. It’s a great example of the benefits of a strong memory.
In numerous scientific experiments, researchers have found that subjects are much more likely to report positive feelings from a given piece of music if they’ve heard it before. But there’s also a growing body of research into time travel “the other way”, because memory skills can take people into the future, too. Decades of studies have shown that time travel into the future can bring a whole new set of rewards. For example, athletes who practice by mentally visualizing and imagining successful performances in the future do perform better.
All these findings are inspiring and attractive. How could you become a confident time traveler to the past or into the future? Here are some tips for you:
·To take pleasure in helpful memories, maybe to reawaken happy feelings, use all your senses—not just sight. Smell, taste, touch and sound will also help you to recreate the past in rich clarity.
·If you find a memory that’s particularly helpful—for reassurance, say—keep using it!
You’ll get faster at finding it, and add extra layers of detail each time.
·When you’re procrastinating (拖延), visualize an end result. Flash forward to see the floor swept or the essay finished, and use that positive image to drive you into action.
·Ahead of major challenges, imagine the full impact of success. Don’t just picture yourself getting that great job: fill your mind with the really big ways it’s going to change your life.
There’ll still be times when old thoughts remind you of sadness, or you’re anxious about what’s next. But the more you learn to control your memory, the better you’ll be at mining your past, and shaping your future, to be your best self now.
32．What did nostalgia originally mean?
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33．What have the researchers found about time travel?
___________________________________________
34．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢Memory skills can bring us into the future, so we should imagine a negative end result to drive us into action when procrastinating.
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35．Describe one of the helpful time-travel experiences in your life. (In about 40 words)
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阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。
The Weight of White Lies
A man taking his mother to a surprise party tells her they’re going to the mall. A woman fibs that the store was out of her overweight boyfriend’s favorite junk food. A tutor assures his student that her spotty resumé looks fine.
Even benevolent forms of deception come in shades of acceptability, and people who learn that they have been misled don’t always see it the way deceivers do. A lie that’s meant to inflate  someone’s confidence or discourage a bad habit, for example, often involves making a judgment about what’s best for that person. That presumption can backfire.
In recent experiments, participants playing an economic game on a computer received a tip that led them to one of two possible payoffs. Some learned that the sender of the tip had lied to them to secure them a particular option. If the best option had been debatable rather than obvious—such as receiving $10 right away rather than $30 after three months—participants judged that person as less moral for lying and were less satisfied with the outcome, on average, even if it was the one they had previously said they preferred. “People seem to feel they have a right to the truth, and that by taking that away, you diminish their ability to act freely,” says study co-author Matthew Lupoli, a Ph.D．candidate at the University of California, San Diego.
Making up falsehoods isn’t the only way to kindly deceive, though: You might also simply leave out unpleasant facts. Recent studies by University of Chicago researcher Emma Levine and colleagues examined both types of lie in hypothetical patient-doctor talks and other contexts.
People in the role of deceiver tended to view the omission of potentially harmful details (such as a poor prognosis) as comparable to or more acceptable than offering a comforting fiction (that a patient’s outlook was favorable). But those in the role of the deceived often considered false-but-supportive statements more tolerable than lies of omission. For deceivers, actively committing a lie feels more intentional and might provoke more guilt than omission, Levine says. But the targets of deception “aren’t likely to be sensitive to these differences because they just experience the consequences.”
In general, honesty is probably still the best policy. A lie that provides some emotional benefits and has little downside could be the closest second.
36．What is the presumption people make when telling a white lie (a lie that’s meant to be good)?
________________
37．What are the ways to kindly deceive others?
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38．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Those in the role of the deceived often considered lies of omission more tolerable than false-but-supportive statements.
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39．Do you prefer to be honest or tell a white lie when informing your friend of something unpleasant? Why? (In about 40 words)
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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Monday started as an ordinary day for Shannon St. Onge, who lived in Pense, a town in Saskatchewan, Canada. She drove the approximately 25 kilometres east into Regina for work.
She kept an eye on highway conditions throughout the day. The weather network was warning of a blizzard. Expected start time was at around 7 pm, but she thought she could make it. “I bought a takeout for the kids, filled my gas tank, replaced my broken phone charger and then headed home around 5:30 before the storm hit,” she wrote in a Facebook post.
She took a dirt road because she thought it would be better for the winter driving conditions. Just as the pavement turned into gravel (碎石路), the wind picked up and visibility started to diminish (降低). She drove at a snail’s pace with her window rolled down, using the edge as her guide. After a while she realized she was lost. Whiteout conditions left her confused.
She could make out a sign that said “Bouvier Lane,” giving her some sense of where she was. Then she posted her location on the Pense community Facebook page in hopes that someone might be able to find her. That was when 80-year-old Andre Bouvier Sr. figured out her location. Despite his wife’s concern for his well-being, he decided to help her and headed out in the storm.
He bundled up (使穿得暖和), grabbed an LED flashlight and walked about half a kilometre into the raging storm to search for St. Onge’s car. To Bouvier’s surprise, he found two other cars with people who also needed help trapped alongside St. Onge. He led the seven lost people back to his home and welcomed them in for the evening.
Bouvier became a hero overnight. Bouvier didn’t want much credit for his efforts for a stranger in need. “Everybody would have done the same thing,” he said. “You don’t think about it; you just do it.”
40．Why did St. Onge still drive home although she heard about the approaching blizzard? (no more than 10 words)
________________
41．What made driving difficult according to Paragraph 3? (no more than 10 words)
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42．How do you understand the underlined word in Paragraph 5? (1 word)
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43．How did Bouvier help the lost people? (no more than 15 words)
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44．What do you think of Bouvier? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Compassion involves feeling another person’s pain and wanting to take steps to help relieve their suffering. The word compassion itself derives from Latin and means “to suffer together.” It is related to other emotions such as sympathy and empathy, although the concepts have some key differences. Empathy refers more to the general ability to feel the emotions of others. Compassion, on the other hand, is what happens when those feelings of empathy are accompanied by the desire to help. The difference between sympathy and compassion is that the former responds to suffering with sorrow and concern while the latter responds with warmth and care.
Compassion often comes in one of two forms, which vary depending on where these feelings are directed. Your experience of compassion may be either directed toward other people, or it may be directed inwardly toward yourself. On one hand, compassion is a process of connecting by identifying with another person. When you experience compassion for other people, you feel their pain and want to find a way to relieve their suffering. These feelings motivate you to take action to make the situation better. Self-compassion involves treating yourself with the same kindness that you would show to others. You will treat failures without defensiveness, and no longer beat yourself up you’re your mistakes. You will feel understanding, mindful, and accepting of yourself and your imperfections.
While some people are compassionate by nature, experts also suggest that there are steps you can take to cultivate a greater sense of compassion for both yourself and others.
Bring your attention to the situation. The first component of compassion is to become more aware of what other people are experiencing. Imagine yourself in their shoes. Being able to see things from another person’s perspective can help you gain a sense of compassion for their situation.
Let go of judgment. Focus on accepting people for who they are without criticizing or blaming the victim. Compassionate people tend to accept people as they are and avoid judgement.
Practice mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice of focusing on the present, becoming more aware of your own thoughts, and observing these thoughts. Research suggests that mindfulness-based interventions can be effective for improving self-compassion.
45．According to the passage, what is the difference between compassion and empathy?
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46．Generally, how many forms does compassion have and what are they?
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47．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢ Compassionate people like making judgement of other people, and some of them are compassionate by nature.
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48．Do you think the sense of compassion is important in your life? Why or why not?(In about 40 words)
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阅读表达
Hello! My name is Zhan Bingbing

Lately, all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world, helping other countries to develop. We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, and an airport in Sri Lanka. And we see Chinese miners, oil workers, agricultural experts, mechanics, and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world. And some people may ask, ”Is it worth it? Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development? “
I had the same questions myself. But for me, it was much more personal. You see, my mother is a medical doctor, and for the last two years, she has been working as a volunteer consultant in Tanzania, Africa, as a part of a medical team sent by the Chinese government.
To be honest, when my mother first left for Africa, I was upset. My mother cooked me dinner every night, and she took good care of me. But more importantly, she was my best friend. We talked together, we spent our leisure time together, and except for school and work, we were never apart. So l was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input.
But then I began to hear about the work she was doing in Tanzania, a country that has many health problems, and now I am singing a different tune. Mary dangerous diseases which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania. And, while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth, many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted, such as electricity, running water, cars and good transport systems, and supermarkets. One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac hospital. Prior to this, if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery, they would have to go abroad. Since this was quite expensive, many people went without medical treatment and some even died. Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well. It has made a big difference to their lives. My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment, help those with disabilities, and provide consultation and training for local doctors. In addition, her team has given patients a new malaria treatment invented in China, and this has saved many lives.
Today. I want to relay to you that I’m proud of the work my mother has done, and I am now supportive of it. Is her work worth it? Yes, to the lives of the people she is helping, it is worth it.
But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well, because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability, and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind. Everyone deserves a fair chance in life. When I think of all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of, helping others comes at the top of this list Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is, I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands. In the future, I pray that you will do the same.
Thank you!
49．What are some examples of the work that Chinese people do to help others overseas?
______________________________________________________________________________
50．Why was Bingbing upset when her mother went to Tanzania?
______________________________________________________________________________
51．What are some of the problems people face in Tanzania?
______________________________________________________________________________
52．What are two things that Bingbing’s mother is helping with?
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53．Why is this work worth it?
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
When Holly Ford walked past a long disused phone box on the outskirts of her home village of Cladich, near Inverary in Argyll, Scotland, in 2017, an idea began to form which combined her love of baking with a new use for the box, which at that point was ignored by almost everyone — including the field of Highland cattle that grazed behind it.

“It’s been amazing how much support we had from the outset,” said Holly, who got permission from the community council to use the call box. The ”Adopt A Booth" scheme run by British Telecom made it possible to buy a phone box for as little as £1 and adapt it to new uses.
“Nobody told us it wouldn’t work, but we did get a few locals who thought that people would just help themselves to cakes without paying.”
“These concerns proved to be wholly unfounded. The honesty box — which is located next to the shortbread, cookies, lemon drizzle cakes, jams, eggs and candles — has always been used correctly by customers,” claims Holly with the box remaining entirely unstaffed.
“It’s a surprisingly busy stretch of road for traffic in the summer,” Holly remarks. “And we do get quite a few notes that people leave for us saying how much they like the idea.”
Only open during the summer months, Holly has turned the box into layers of shelves for her cakes and other local produce. Able to make close to £100 a day in peak summer months, she also runs regular charity bakes in the community.
“It’s a very remote place,” she tells me. “And I’m not sure the honesty box approach would work in a more urban area. But for where we live it’s perfect and it’s surprisingly easy to make something like this happen. It’s really important to put in the work on social media and to keep your self-belief in the idea.”
Cakes In The Call Box also puts Holly in the position to judge which cakes most tickle the taste buds of passing travellers with a sweet tooth.
“The brownies are the go-to, always,” she tells me, “though I do like expanding the range. I’m working on Swedish buns with cardamom at the moment. The only thing is that I can’t get them to rise at the moment! I’ll keep on working on it at home though, so maybe next summer they’ll be in the box!”
54．What idea did Holly Ford have when she passed a long disused phone box?
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55．What support did Holly Ford get from the start to turn her idea into reality?
__________________________________________________________________
56．Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
Nobody worried that Holly’s idea wouldn’t work, and people even left notes saying how much they liked the idea.
__________________________________________________________________
57．Among Holly’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for you? Why? (In about 40 words)
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Millions of people were watching a video of a 5-year-old girl from the U.S. state of Colorado completing an obstacle course at her home.
Gavin MacCall and his daughter Lylah are fans of the popular television show “American Ninja Warrior” on which competitors try to complete obstacle courses as fast as possible by climbing ladders, using ropes to swing across pools of water and running to the top of walls.
In 2015, when Lylah was 4, her father designed her first obstacle course. Lylah started in one part of the house then she worked her way across pieces of furniture, walked on bridges of narrow boards, climbed kitchen cupboards and traveled over waste containers to make it to the finish. Gavin MacCall provided the narration and crowd noises, just like on television. At one point, the family’s cat became an obstacle! Earlier this year, MacCall posted new images on Facebook that suggested a new project. He was building another obstacle course, but this time, it was outside the house.
Late last week MacCall posted another video in which Lylah wears a T-shirt that reads “Girls are superstars” and raises her fist over her head before starting the course. The course is tough for her since it even includes a zip line on which Lylah slides over a line of her toys.
The video lasts a little more than two minutes. Lylah is unruffled and confident throughout. The camera sometimes shows an audience of toys. At the end of the video, Lylah runs up a wall-the final obstacle. After that she hits the bell to complete the event. Lylah is victorious! The crowd cheers. Gavin MacCall’s video has had more than 60 million views.
58．What inspired Gavin MacCall to design an obstacle course for his daughter?（no more than 5 words）
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59．How did Gavin MacCall make his obstacle course as real as possible? （no more than 8 words）
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60．Why did the author said the course was hard for his daughter?（no more than 15 words）
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61．What does the underlined word “unruffled” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?（1 word）
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62．What do you think of Gavin MacCall? Please explain.（no more than 25 words）
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Hired by a machine mind
Landing a dream job has never been easy, but at least in the past you knew that the person you had to impress was a fellow human being. More recently, however, employers are putting the responsibility of finding the most suitable workers onto nonhuman shoulders. Artificial intelligence systems can go through thousands of resumes far faster than a person or even a team of people can. What’s more, programs have been designed to run video interviews, too. During these, a person’s facial expressions, word choices, and answers to difficult questions are all examined and used to judge how good the person would be at the job in question.
While those who support such systems claim that this superefficient hiring method is the future, others fear that the systems have serious problems. Because AI systems use biased data sets to learn how to select people, the hiring process may actually be more unfair when AI is used. For instance, some AI-hiring systems automatically ignore women on the grounds that most existing technical workers are male.
Naturally, job seekers are trying anything they can to satisfy the AI’s selection criteria. In South Korea, where a number of the top companies currently use AI for hiring, many job seekers attend special cram schools to learn how to pass their AI interview.
Of course, many of the techniques taught are nothing more than educated guesses. Without knowing exactly what each individual AI system looks for, knowing what to do to please it is extremely difficult. However, there are still somethings you can try. For example, use industry-specific terms in your interview answers because AIs often search data for specific key phrases. Another tip is to keep your resume style simple. That way, the AI can search it more easily. You should also strip your resume of anything that reveals your sex or race in case a biased data set is being used.
It seems our success could very well depend on the mysterious judgment of a machine mind. It sounds unfair, and it likely is. In the end, the power to either change the system itself or at least make it work for you is in your hands.
63．What factors influence the results of AI-based video interviews?
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64．How can you avoid being affected by a biased data set?
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65．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢ When AI selection systems use biased data, the hiring process may actually be more unfair and the fact that women are not considered for technical jobs has something to do with race.
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66．Think of another example of using AI to make judgements and give your opinion on it. (In about 40 words)
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阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When my friends went to college in great delight, I restarted my senior high school life. My spirit sank. Surrounded by strange classmates, I felt like I was in a maze and was sorry about myself. There were some complex feelings in my minds. I was frightened, nervous and lonely.
To make matters worse, I recalled my failure again and again, which put more pressure on me than I could bear. As a result, I was always feeling down during class time.
My teacher found me spiritless. One day he asked me to come to his office and told me about his attitude towards life: we might suffer from mistakes, but it’s important to learn lessons from them. All the pains and the embarrassing things we experience are part of the process. So keep up your spirit! At last, he added, “If you are optimistic, things you want may happen to you!”
Warmth rushed through my soul. I suddenly found the sun shining again when I stepped out of his office.
With the teacher’s help, I eventually got over my depression. From then on, I no longer bowed my head and began smiling to my classmates. I would put up my hand confidently in class and play with my new friends in my spare time. Meanwhile, I was gradually embraced by my classmates.
Now faced with fierce competition, we all study hard because we know that every second counts. Moreover, there is an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect between us. I love my class; I love my classmates!
To be frank, I still have a thirst for my dream university, but I’m not afraid of failure because I can profit by it. With parents and teachers’ encouragement, I’m quite certain of my success and I’m sure I can fly high.
67．Why was the writer in low spirits at the beginning? (No more than 10 words)
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68．What did the teacher expect the writer to do? (No more than 10 words)
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69．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? (No more than 15 words)
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70．What does the underlined word “embraced” in paragraph 5 mean? (No more than 1 words)
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71．What do you think of failure? Please explain. (No more than 25 words)
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阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
My family moved into a newly constructed home in Calgary 10 years ago. That year was full of promise. We waved at the stream of incoming families during their move-in days. Hands were shaken. Couches (沙发) were hauled (拖) up steps. But we saw less of each other as winter approached. Names were forgotten.
As the snow melted, many of the neighborhood’s kids began to learn how to ride a bike. Their mothers would be nearby, sitting and chatting on the roadside. Dad wanted a place for children to play, a quiet place for parents to sit and relax, but more importantly, a reason for everyone to leave the house and join the community. He began imagining benches.
He started knocking on doors and reshaking hands with the neighbors. When Construction began with me and my father hauling pieces of wood and steel out of his truck, within minutes there was a crowd of young neighbors at hand, each claiming they could help. None of us knew each other well, but all hands were on deck. Jeff ran to the garage to grab his drill (钻孔机). Brian held the boards together while I dug through the toolbox in search of a wrench (扳手). Charlie measured and marked locations on the ground for drilling.
After a few hours, three benches formed a semi-circle on the street. They were the perfect place to sit and be with the neighbors, have a coffee in the morning or have a beer after work.
That afternoon marked the first of many weekend Neighbor Days when weather permitted. Kids raced each other around while parents brought out food. Later in the evening, someone put a firepit in the center of the benches so that the conversations would carry on into the night. We often ended up there the following afternoon, as well as countless afternoons and evenings in the years since.
I moved out for university four years ago, having learned to emotionally value community. But I’ve never lived somewhere as social as my family neighborhood since. Just as the saying goes, you must be a good neighbor to have good neighbors. My dad wasn’t thinking much about building those benches. He just wanted a place to sit on a Saturday afternoon, a place to bring the community together.
72．How did the neighborhood react when new families moved in? (No more than 5 words.)
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73．Why did the author’s father want to build the benches? (No more than 10 words.)
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74．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the third paragraph? (No more than 10 words.)
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75．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? (No more than 15 words.)
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76．What will you do to benefit your community? Please explain the reason. (No more than 20 words)
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阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was a kid, if someone told me that I would grow up to become a published author and founder of a youth literacy (读写能力)foundation, I would have laughed and kept walking. Even now when I see the title of my latest picture book, My Very Favorite Book in the Whole Wide World, I shake my head, not quite believing that book has my name on it. But the truth is, this story comes from my own personal experience.
It took me a very long time to find my personal reading voice. In Valdosta, GA, where I grew up, my community promoted two pathways to a better life for little boys like me: being an athlete and being an entertainer. I was no different than the other kids, so I did what felt natural: Play football and overlook school. School presented challenges every day and so did football practice, but overcoming physical adversity was on trend with my neighborhood’s culture. Reading books not so much.
Fortunately, I went to college. That’s where my reading struggles really appeared. Trips to the grocery store were stressful because there was so much reading involved in the simple act of buying food. I would misread labels and grab the wrong items. Once, I picked up apple sauce thinking it was apple slices. I didn’t notice my mistake until I got home and realized that it was my inability to understand the differences in the wording on the labels that caused the mistake. I realized that I needed to make an important decision. If I wanted to be a better version of me, I had to become a stronger reader
I joined a book club and read every free moment I had. My journey with reading also created a desire in me to inspire others who struggle with reading. So I started a nonprofit, Share the Magic Foundation, trying to transform the lives of children living in underserved communities through literacy.
77．How does the author feel about his new book? (No more than 10 words)
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78．Why did the author ignore reading when he was a little boy? (No more than 12 words)
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79．What is the 3rd paragraph mainly about? (No more than 10 words)
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80．What does the underlined word “adversity” mean? (No more than 2 words)
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81．What do you think of reading? And why? (No more than 25 words.)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When I was a kid, there was only one way my parents would let me stay home from school and that was if I had a high fever. Most of my friends could stay home due to a stomachache or a mild fever — but not me… I had to be dying in order to stay home. By the way, my parents are both doctors. My parents used to say that they were teaching me how to have a good work ethic (职业道德). I didn’t understand the connection until last week.
The other day I was on the train and sat behind a young man who was complaining to his friend about his life. He went on for twenty minutes about how his passion in life was to make movies, but he wouldn’t pursue it because he had no clue if he could make enough money and he didn’t want to waste time because it would take years to make it big. He then admitted to thinking about buying stocks by borrowing money because he thought he could easily make six figures within one year. His friend agreed with him and said, “The stock is good because you can make tons of money and only work for a short time.”
I think they were indulging (沉溺) in the wildest fantasy. Many people these days don’t realize that when things seem to happen immediately, it is only because a lot of effort, determination and time have gone into them and it isn’t due to some miraculous (不可思议的) event. The easier it looks, the more hours go into it. There is no excuse for laziness.
Looking at the two young men, all of a sudden I was having a flashback of being ten years old and watching the television show Fame.
In the show the dance teacher told her students, “If you want fame, fame costs and here’s how you start paying for it … in sweat.” Every time we watched that show, my dad would proudly say how right the teacher was because in order to succeed you have to work hard.
82．Why did the young man on the train give up his dream of making movies?
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83．What will it take to make lots of money in a short time in author’s opinion?
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84．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Ø The author’s father thought that in order to succeed we can rely on some miraculous event.
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85．Do you agree with the author’s opinion? Give your reasons. (about 40 words)
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阅读表达
On the morning of my Ph.D qualifying exam, I rolled out of the bed and got dressed. Next I did my make-up and put on my heels. I looked at myself in the mirror, feeling confident that I could face the members of my Ph.D committee and answer whatever questions they threw at me during my presentation. It’s a strategy that I newly developed due to an unexpected inspiration from Lady Gaga.
As a student, I’ve always struggled with being confident at school. I especially feared to give presentations about my research. The breakthrough came during the month before my qualifying exam when I listened to Lady Gaga’s new album titled Joanne. As a committed fan, I noticed that this album differed greatly compared with her past ones. She had quitted her usual dance-pop and tried country music for the first time, and her clothing had changed as well. Obviously, Lady Gaga was taking a huge professional risk. However, she was confident of the music she released, and the fresh image she adopted.
That got me thinking: Could I do something similar before I stepped on stage? My naturally shy and quiet personality was not exactly ideal for public speaking, so I thought about the features and the image I wanted my professional self to possess. I wore professional clothing and highlighted my features — bravery, grace and self-assurance — through make-up.
When I walked into the exam room, I was pleased to discover that I had new-found confidence. Sure, I was still nervous, but I had an unfamiliar sense of calm as soon as I began my talk. I was able to reply to questions without the trembling voice, and I took ownership of the work I presented. Thanks to Lady Gaga, I now have a strategy that unlocks the key to my confidence.
86．What was the author scared of at school? (No more than 10 words)
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87．What breakthrough did Lady Gaga make in her new album? (No more than 15 words)
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88．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 3? (One word)
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89．How did the author conquer her shyness and nervousness in the Ph.D qualifying exam?(No more than 15 words)
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90．What inspiration do you get from the author? Please explain it in your own words.(No more than 20 words)
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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. My mother just smiled and said, “They are for the poor people. We’re poor.”
When I was nine, my greatest desire in life was to own a pogo stick (弹簧高跷). But my mother told me that we simply couldn’t afford one. A few days before Christmas, my parents and I went shopping. While my mother and I were paying the money, my dad came with a long box. I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the barn. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. After all the wrapping paper was cleaned up, my dad came back from the barn with a beautiful pogo stick. I couldn’t believe it, how they were able to get the money for it and how they tricked me with the broom. My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present.
Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all, much love. We had love and we had joy.
91．What present did the author receive on Christmas morning at the age of 7?(no more than 10 words)
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92．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 5 words)
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93．Why did the author feel disappointed when the author found a broom in the box?(no more than 15 words)
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94．Why did the author’s parents put a broom in the box? (no more than 15 words)
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95．What is the best present you’ve received from your parents? Please give your reasons.(no more than 20 words)
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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
On a recent Saturday, I stepped into a MeDonald to use the ladies’ room. There I saw a woman of my age with a concerned look on her face helping her elderly father slowly make his way to the men’s room with his walker.She seemed like a loving,dutiful daughter dealing with the role reversal(逆转)that comes with age—those moments when it feels like you’re talking care of your parents,instead of being taken care of by your parents.
As a member of the sandwich generation,I can relate.I often feel like the peanut butter between two pieced of bread:I’m trying to hold it together for my two teenage daughters,and  also meet the needs of my 89-year-old mom,Elinor.
My mother’s day-to-day care became a must after my father passed away last year.My parents cared for each other through Parkinson’s disease,heart disease and cancer.Now mom is living alone, in the same house in Virginia where my elder sister,my younger brother and I grew up. The house is full of 55 years’ memories about my mom and my dad. And the thought of leaving it makes her extremely sad.
But what if something happens to her and no one is there to help? What about the hours of loneliness that can’t be alleviated with a phone call? I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.
We don’t want to decide for her, of course. And we do have options: We could ensure that the house is safe for her, or bring in someone a couple of hours a day to cook a few meals and do light house-keeping. The most important thing is to keep talking about it as family,and to keep mom involved in the discussion.
Whatever we decide, we’ll do it together.Mom sacrifices her whole life for us,and we want to help her age with dignity.
96．What does the author think of the woman of her age? (no more than 10 words)
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97．Why doesn’t the author’s mother want to leave her house? (no more than 8 words)
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98．What does the underlined word “alleviated” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word)
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99．What makes the author think she is lucky ?(no more than 16 words)
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100．What inspiration do you get from the passage? Please express it in your own words.(no more than 25 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Nobody likes to feel anxious. Anxiety is among the most common and criticized of human emotions. Studies show that over 100 million people in the U.S. will suffer from an anxiety disorder in their lifetime. Rates, especially among the young, have been rising for the past decade. It seems, then, that our efforts to contain anxiety aren’t working.
As a clinical psychologist and neuroscience researcher, I believe that we mental health professionals have made a terrible mistake. Feeling anxious isn’t the problem. The problem is that we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. That’s why it’s increasingly hard to know how to feel good.
This “bad” feeling isn’t a failure of mental health. It’s a triumph of human evolution: the ability to think about the uncertain future and prepare for it. The unpleasant emotion, for example, fear, signals that you may be in danger—from a predator, bully or speeding car—and readies your body and mind to fight or take flight.
Anxiety, by contrast, has nothing to do with present threats. Instead, it turns you into a mental time traveler, drawing your attention to what lies ahead. Will you succeed or fail in that interview for a job you desperately want? Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp and focused, prepared to pursue your goals.
Research has also shown something that many scientists didn’t expect: higher levels of dopamine (多巴胺) when we’re anxious. We have long known that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable and also in anticipation of rewards. The fact that anxiety also boosts dopamine levels points to its role in making positive possibilities into reality.
Many of us feel overwhelmed by lasting anxiety and don’t see any benefit from it. We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. But treating anxiety like a disease prevents us from distinguishing between ordinary anxiety and anxiety disorders. We need to develop a new mindset about this misunderstood emotion. Anxiety can’t do its job unless it makes us uncomfortable, forcing us to sit up and pay attention. We don’t need to like anxiety—just to use it in the right way.
101．Why is it increasingly hard for us to know how to feel good?
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102．How does anxiety help one in a job interview?
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103．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious.
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104．How do you cope with anxiety positively in your daily life? (In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
How do our food choices affect the environment?
Producing the foods we eat has massive environmental impacts: it requires vast tracts of land and huge quantities of water. In addition to using land and water, food production results in greenhouse gas emissions—from the fossil fuels burned to run tractors and harvesters, for example, and from the gases released when cow manure decomposes(粪便分解) and from when cows burp and fart(打嗝和放屁). These emissions add up: scientists estimate that food production around the world causes up to 30% of all the greenhouse gases people release to the atmosphere each year.
Raising cows and sheep for meat has an especially large environmental footprint with regards to land use, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions. Because of this, we wanted to find out: Would changing peoples’ diets have a significant environmental effect? And if so, which diets are likely to be healthiest for ourselves and for the planet?
We identified 14 diets that scientists have proposed as being more environmentally sustainable: these included vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian(鱼素者，吃鱼不吃肉的半素食主义者), and replacing red meat with pork and chicken, to name a few.
Overall, our review found that reducing meat intake generally resulted in less greenhouse gas emissions, less land use, and less water use. The environmental impact from switching to alternative diets varied greatly across the studies—some found changes of 70% less greenhouse gas emissions and land use, while others found only slight reductions or even increases.
The more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.
Being conscious about both the environmental impacts and healthiness of the foods we eat is an important start. For most of us, following healthy guidelines for a balanced diet would go a long way to improving health and environmental sustainability.
105．What impacts does food production have on the environment?
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106．In terms of our daily diet, what can we do to reduce environmental impacts?
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107．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Diets like vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat.
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108．Apart from what has been mentioned in the passage, what can we do to make our life more eco-friendly?
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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Roy Austin first experienced an African adventure in 2018. All he wanted to do was get close to some African wildlife. Although Roy did realize this dream, he found something even more meaningful in Africa.
Roy spent time in many countries throughout East Africa. He was most interested in the people of rural Kenya, especially people of the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School.
During his stay, Roy became friends with several students and teachers at the school. He was deeply touched by their positive attitude, even though it was hard for them to get books and other school supplies. Even finding basic stationary was a challenge, not to mention the lack of school buildings.
In rural Kenya, school buildings are not built by the government. Students, their parents, and teachers find materials and build the schools themselves, or they have to raise money to get builders’ help. Without schools, buildings like libraries and classrooms are just dreams. The students and teachers of the schools very much wanted a library or at least some books to read.
After returning home to South Carolina in the United States, the Kenyan students’ yearning for something as seemingly “basic” as books to read still worried Roy. He decided to do whatever he could to help these children. So he started the organization Libraries for Kids International.
Since it was started, Roy has shipped over 11,000 books to 11 schools in African countries, including Kenya and Tanzania. To keep costs down, he uses the post office to send the books instead of a carrier like FedEx. The organization has helped to supply these schools with much-needed books, which brought Roy much happiness. He plans to continue shipping books to Africa.
109．What was the main purpose of Roy’s 2018 trip to Africa? (no more than 5 words.)
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110．Who built school buildings in rural Kenya?(no more than 15 words)
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111．What can the underlined word “yearning” in paragraph 5 be replaced by?(no more than 5 words)
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112．What is the main idea of the passage?(no more than 15 words).
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113．What do you think of Roy? And why?(no more than 25 words).
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction. When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect. In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.
“It seems like every time I study an illness and search for the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes (糖尿病). Why? “Sugar, we believe is one of the culprits, if not the major reason,” says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
So what is the solution? It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. The trouble is, in today’s world, it’s extremely difficult to avoid. From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it.
But there are those who are fighting back against sugar. Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens, or building facilities (设施) like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise.
114．What is one of the reasons for high blood pressure?
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115．Why did our bodies learn to store sugar as fat?
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116．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
—The sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good, so we should eat more in daily life.
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117．In your daily life, how do you fight against sugar? (In about 40 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Yuan Xin, who is now pursuing his doctoral degree, learned from a young age the only way for him to succeed was with his brain rather than brawn (体力).
At the age of three, a terrible accident cost Yuan his right arm. His parents didn’t send him to kindergarten but kept him home. The idea was to ease him into learning with family care and better prepare him for further education. They believed that knowledge can change one’s life.
When he entered primary school, he started receiving unwanted attention and some kids gave him nicknames. “I had doubts about myself then, but my parents told me to dismiss unfriendly noises and focus on learning,” he says. He buried his head in his books and, as a result, his academic performance stood out. It gradually brought him admiration and respect from people around him.
His academic strength saw him admitted to computer science of Wuhan University of Science and Technology. “I figured it was less demanding on the ‘hand’ and more about brainwork,” he says. However, he had his work cut out for him from the start. Before college, he hadn’t even touched a computer. He couldn’t make any sense of the first class, and had no clue about the keyboard. To catch up with the class, for the first term, Yuan spent his spare time studying and practicing in the computer room of the school library.
Yuan took every learning opportunity seriously and always followed up with his own actions. When he saw keyboards gathering dust and failing to work properly afterwards, he thought of setting up a protection cover over the keypads. He then spent half a year looking into the subject, consulting his professor and experimenting. Later he developed an idea and got a patent for it.
With his remaining hand, Yuan has come up with original designs and patents that have earned him more than 60 prizes and awards. “Although there might be many hard situations to face, I will make progress as long as I work for it,” he says.
118．Why did Yuan’s parents keep him home rather than send him to kindergarten?
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119．How did Yuan respond to his classmates’ unfriendliness?
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120．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Yuan spent his spare time in his first term working hard in the computer room because he wanted to develop his ideas and get patents.
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121．Among Yuan’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words)
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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
“I wish that in one instant I could tell you of my safe arrival, but we are 3,000 miles apart and must wait for long weeks to hear from each other.” Samuel Morse was 20 when he wrote this sentence in a letter to his mother in 1811. He was in London studying art. She was at the home in Charlestown, Mass, USA, where he had been born. Perhaps it was at the moment of writing the letter that young Morse first had the desire to bridge space with flying words. This desire was later to give the world the electric telegraph.
Samuel returned in 1815 to work on history painting much admired in Europe. Morse completed an oil painting The House of Representatives, expecting that this would bring him fame. But there was hardly any demand in the United Stated for history painting, and he unwillingly started to support himself by painting portraits. He was often close to poverty during his career as an artist.
During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. Conversations with Jackson made the artist believe that an electrical current could be used for communication.
During the rest of the voyage he worked excitedly on drawings for his plan. After his arrival at home, he abandoned his artistic career to give his full attention to the project.
Morse had an fertile mind but little knowledge of electricity. He did years of work and study to perfect his invention. In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. Finally, in 1843 the United States Congress provided 30,000 to build a line from Washington to Baltimore.
In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. Newspapers, railroads, and businesses quickly found use for the telegraph, which for the first time created a global community.
122．What did Morse find after returning from Europe in 1815? (no more than 10 words)
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123．What does the underlined word “fertile” mean? (no more than 1 word)
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124．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)
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125．How does the author organize the passage? (no more than 5 words)
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126．What do you think can enable a person to succeed in a certain field? (no more than 20 words)
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阅读表达
I walked to Mrs. Windsor’s house as I always did when I heard the piano. Before ringing the bell, I stood against the wall and sighed sadly. I daydreamed what I’d rather be doing. I had been tutored enough to read, understand, and even write some musical compositions, but I just didn’t have a gift for it. But Mrs. Windsor had offered to give me the lessons for free, so I felt it my duty to try.
The door opened. I walked in, sat down on the piano bench and began to sort through my sheet music. Today Mrs. Windsor introduced her niece Pasha to teach me. With a smile, Pasha sat beside me on the piano bench, opened my sheet music to the beginning page and asked me to play. I arranged my fingers on the keys. Then I frowned (皱眉) and concentrated to make the notes on the page match the finger movements. I had to admit I was a rather mechanical pianist.
After about a page or two, Pasha gently put her hand on top of mine as if to calm my fingers. There was a long pause. “Jennifer, what are you hearing in the music?” I looked at her rather strangely and admitted I didn’t know what she meant.
“Here, let me try and you listen,” Pasha advised.
She closed her eyes and took a deep breath, letting her fingers dance lightly over the keys. Then, she began to play.
“See, it begins here beside some kind of river. Hear the water flowing beside you?”
Her fingers rose and fell gently on the keys. “Now the princess appears and she’s picking flowers from the water’s edge.” A happy piece of music filled the air in time to Pasha’s dancing fingers. “Oh, but she slips!” The music changed. “And our princess is being carried off by the fast-flowing stream. Quickly, the princess’ horse sees her plight (困境) and races to the river’s edge where he swims out to let her catch hold of him. Luckily, they make it to the bank and she hugs her faithful horse.” Pasha finished with a big smile and then looked at me.
I was delighted and advised to try another one. Pasha smiled and together we played many pieces of music that afternoon, finding the stories in the music and learning that sometimes it takes a friend to pull you out of the river onto dry land again.
127．Why did the author sigh sadly? (no more than 15 words)
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128．How did Pasha inspire the author to play the piano? (no more than 8 words)
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129．What made the music change in Pasha’s playing? (no more than 10 words)
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130．Please explain the meaning of the underlined sentence. (no more than 15 words)
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131．What do you think of Pasha? Why? (no more than 25 words)
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阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
I’m a 34 year old man, married, live in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.
My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay. Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.
I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.
Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.
Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.
132．What made the author’s school days difficult?
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133．Why did art give the author confidence?
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134．What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4?
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135．How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words (no more than 50 words).
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参考答案：
1．Villaseor realized the lack of climate education. 2．By starting a year-long protest to leaders in the UN and a global campaign. 3．Young people would take over the world. 4．When people listened to her and youth climate activists. 5．She is a determined girl. With her efforts, the climate education in school was taken seriously both locally and internationally.

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个名为Alexandria Villaseor的女孩向联合国领导人发起为期一年的抗议，呼吁重视学校的气候教育问题。
1．考查主旨大意。根据第一段关键句““That’s when I found out how important climate education was,” she reflected. “And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years.” (“就在那时，我发现了气候教育的重要性，”她反思道。“在过去的几年里，我们多么缺乏气候教育。”)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们Villaseor意识到了缺乏气候教育的问题。故答案为Villaseor realized the lack of climate education.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段关键句“For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations’ New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. (对她来说，一开始是当地的担忧，后来变成了在联合国纽约市总部前长达一年的抗议活动，以及一场要求更多义务气候教育的全球运动)”可知，Villaseor通过向联合国领导人发起为期一年的抗议和全球运动让世界各国领导人重视气候教育。故答案为By starting a year-long protest to leaders in the UN and a global campaign.
3．考查词义猜测。根据画线部分句中“It’s completely unacceptable not to learn anything about our planet and our environment in school (在学校里不了解我们的星球和环境是完全不可接受的)”可知，学校里的年轻人应该了解我们的星球和环境，应该知道保护环境的重要性，因为年轻人是世界的未来，他们将接管世界，由此可知，第三段中带下划线的句子表示的是“年轻人将接管世界”。故答案为Young people would take over the world.
4．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段关键句““This was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists.” Villaseor said. (Villaseor说：“当我意识到人们在倾听我和青年气候活动家的声音时，这绝对是一个巨大的时刻。”)”可知，当人们倾听她和青年气候活动家的声音时，对她来说是一个重大时刻。故答案为When people listened to her and youth climate activists.
5．开放性试题。根据第二段关键句“For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations’ New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. (对她来说，一开始是当地的担忧，后来变成了在联合国纽约市总部前长达一年的抗议活动，以及一场要求更多义务气候教育的全球运动)”和倒数第二段关键句“Right now, Villaseor is working with the American Administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center on the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. (目前，Villaseor正在与美国政府合作制定气候计划，该计划承诺以受气候变化影响最严重的年轻人和社区的需求为中心)”可知，Villaseor是一个意志坚定的女孩，在她的努力下，学校的气候教育在当地和国际上都得到了重视，此题为开放性试题，答案言之有理即可。故答案为She is a determined girl. With her efforts, the climate education in school was taken seriously both locally and internationally.
6．In the local park. / He can find the swings in the local park. 7．He is trying to study the floor and watch its cracks and stones. 8．After a minute or two of swinging. / After a minute or two of swinging, the writer feels less sad. 9．朝向地球或地面。 10．Yes. / Yes, it is.

【导语】本文是一篇诗歌。讲述了作者荡秋千的感受。
6．考查细节理解。根据“I go on the swings in our local park.(我去我们当地的公园荡秋千)”可知，根据这首诗，作者可在当地的公园找到秋千。故回答：In the local park.或者He can find the swings in the local park.
7．考查细节理解。根据“Ever so low(如此之低)”，“Closely sludying the floor as I go.(一路留心地看地面)”以及“Walching its cracks and its stones(观察着裂缝和石子)”可知，当作者一开始移动得如此之低时，他试着研究地板，观察它的裂缝和石头。故回答：He is trying to study the floor and watch its cracks and stones.
8．考查细节理解。根据“Afler a minute or two of swinging(秋千荡了一两分钟后)”以及“l don’t feel half so bad(我感觉好多了)”可知，作者在秋千荡了一两分钟后感觉不那么悲伤了。故回答：After a minute or two of swinging.或者After a minute or two of swinging, the writer feels less sad.
9．考查词句猜测。根据后文“like a meteor(像流星一样)”可推知，此处是作者自比为流星，所以应该是像流星一样，飞向地球之意，所以earthward应该是“朝向地球或地面”之意。故回答：朝向地球或地面。
10．考查细节理解。根据“l zoom earthward like a meteor(我像流星一样飞向地球)”可知，本文用了比喻。故回答：Yes.或者Yes, it is.
11．Because it’s a much bigger global polluter. 12．Using the principles of a circular economy, Bassi developed a low-energy, multi-stage process to turn clothing fibres into an alternative to oil-based plastic.
Bassi used the principles of a circular economy and developed a low-energy, multi-stage process to turn clothing fibres into an alternative to oil-based plastic. 13．Kleiderly can change old jackets and trousers into a new material, which can be used to make more clothing.
According to the passage, the new material can be used to make different products. 14．I think an effective solution is to reduce the use of disposable items, such as using reusable water bottles, purchasing reusable shopping bags, and reducing the use of single-use items like plastic bags and straws.


【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了一次性文化正在破坏这个星球，但一位年轻的化学工程师Bassi有她自己的方法来扭转这一局面。
11．考查推理判断。根据第四段“According to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, we produce 100 billion items of clothing per year, and this is set to double by 2050. But they don’t last long enough to offset(抵消) the carbon cost of producing the material, creating the clothes, and then shipping them to customers. “It makes no sense that we have such a high carbon footprint for something so short-lived.” Bassi says.(根据艾伦·麦克阿瑟基金会的数据，我们每年生产1000亿件衣服，到2050年，这一数字将翻一番。但它们持续的时间不够长，不足以抵消生产材料、制作衣服、然后运送给客户的碳成本。“如此短暂的事物产生如此高的碳足迹是没有道理的。”Bassi说。)”可知，Bassi把她的注意力转向了时尚行业是因为，衣服已成为更大的全球污染源。故回答：Because it’s a much bigger global polluter.
12．考查细节理解。根据第五段“Using the principles of a circular economy, Bassi has developed a low-energy, multi-stage process to turn clothing fibres into an alternative to oil-based plastic. This new plastic can then be used by manufacturers in their existing machines, so that your old T-shirts and jeans will become different products instead of clothes, such as clothing hangers, or even furniture.(Bassi利用循环经济的原则，开发了一种低能耗、多阶段的工艺，将服装纤维转化为油基塑料的替代品。这种新塑料可以在制造商现有的机器中使用，这样你的旧t恤和牛仔裤就会变成不同的产品，而不是衣服，比如衣架，甚至家具)”可知，Bassi利用循环经济的原则，开发了一种低能耗、多阶段的工艺，将服装纤维转化为油基塑料的替代品。故回答：Using the principles of a circular economy, Bassi developed a low-energy, multi-stage process to turn clothing fibres into an alternative to oil-based plastic.
13．考查细节理解。根据第五段“This new plastic can then be used by manufacturers in their existing machines, so that your old T-shirts and jeans will become different products instead of clothes, such as clothing hangers, or even furniture.(这种新塑料可以在制造商现有的机器中使用，这样你的旧t恤和牛仔裤就会变成不同的产品，而不是衣服，比如衣架，甚至家具)”可知，“Kleiderly can change old jackets and trousers into a new material, which can be used to make more clothing.”这句中，“more clothing”表述错误，因为根据文中内容可知，你的旧t恤和牛仔裤就会变成不同的产品，而不是更多衣服。故回答：According to the passage, the new material can be used to make different products.
14．开放性试题。我认为一个有效的方法是减少使用一次性用品，例如使用可重复使用的水瓶，购买可重复使用的购物袋，并减少使用塑料袋和吸管等一次性物品。故回答：I think an effective solution is to reduce the use of disposable items, such as using reusable water bottles, purchasing reusable shopping bags, and reducing the use of single-use items like plastic bags and straws.
15．Previous studies found that group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it. 16．Because understanding group intelligence can help business and other organizations make the fundamental changes necessary to improve group performance. 17．Although side conversations distract members during meetings, they can help to boost the group’s efficiency. The underlined part is wrong, because side conversations won’t distract members. 18．There are other ways to improve group intelligence, such as fostering mutual respect between group members, encouraging members to value each other’s contributions, opinions and setting clear and achievable goals.


【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍关于影响群体智力的因素的研究和研究的意义。
15．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Early investigations suggest that group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it.(早期的研究表明，群体智力并不是群体中个体智力的总和)”可知，先前的研究发现，群体智力并不是群体中个体智力的总和。故答案为Previous studies found that group intelligence is not the sum of the intelligence of the individuals in it.
16．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“However, understanding group intelligence can help business and other organizations make the fundamental changes necessary to improve group performance.(然而，了解群体智力可以帮助企业和其他组织做出必要的根本改变，以提高群体绩效)”可知，理解群体智力很重要是因为理解群体智力可以帮助企业和其他组织做出必要的根本改变，以提高群体绩效。故答案为Because understanding group intelligence can help business and other organizations make the fundamental changes necessary to improve group performance.
17．考查推理判断。根据第三段中“Moreover, side conversations between individual members during meetings, far from being a distraction, actually increased the group’s productivity.(此外，在会议期间，个别成员之间的谈话非但不会分散注意力，反而提高了团队的生产力。)”可知，句中“distract members”错误，因为个别成员之间的谈话不会分散注意力。故答案为Although side conversations distract members during meetings, they can help to boost the group’s efficiency. The underlined part is wrong, because side conversations won’t distract members.
18．开放性问题。答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：可以提高团队智力的方法有很多，比如培养团队成员之间的相互尊重，鼓励成员重视彼此的贡献和意见，以及设定明确和可实现的目标。故答案为There are other ways to improve group intelligence, such as fostering mutual respect between group members, encouraging members to value each other’s contributions, opinions and setting clear and achievable goals.
19．50 push-ups 20．“I’m afraid of having an asthma attack in front of all of my classmates,” and “It’s so embarrassing to run and be laps behind my peers; I would rather shield my ego from the hit by intentionally walking the whole thing, so please leave me alone.” 21．There are things I have stopped trying because of the fact that I am not able to do that.
According to the passage, there are things I have stopped trying because I started to believe I can’t after letting ourselves fall back on the “I can’t”. 22．I remember struggling with a difficult math problem and feeling overwhelmed. I wanted to give up, but instead of saying “I can’t,” I told my teacher that I was feeling frustrated and needed help. She was understanding and walked me through the problem, helping me to understand it better.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。有时候，当人们说“我不能”时，他们并不是说他们没有能力做某事，而是他们害怕、困惑或不知道如何做。作者提醒人们，说“我不能”比承认自己需要帮助、害怕或沮丧要容易得多。说“我不能”的时候，其实我们想说的是别的，所以我们应该试着使用更有帮助的词语，这样我们才能得到我们需要的帮助。
19．考查细节理解。根据第段二中“Anyone who used it, even the other coaches, had to do 50 push-ups before trying conversation again.(任何使用它的人，即使是其他教练，在尝试再次交谈之前都必须做50个俯卧撑)”可知，在我小时候的体操训练中，如果有人说“我不能”，他会被罚做50个俯卧撑。故答案为50 push-ups。
20．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“For me, “I can’t” actually meant “I’m afraid of having an asthma attack in front of all of my classmates,” and “It’s so embarrassing to run and be laps behind my peers; I would rather shield my ego from the hit by intentionally walking the whole thing, so please leave me alone.”(对我来说，“我不能”实际上意味着“我害怕在全班同学面前哮喘病发作”和“跑步时落后同学几圈真是太尴尬了；我宁愿故意走完全程来保护我的自尊心，所以请不要打扰我。”)”可知，我在体育课上说“我不能”的意思是：“我害怕在全班同学面前哮喘病发作”和“跑步时落后同学几圈真是太尴尬了；我宁愿故意走完全程来保护我的自尊心，所以请不要打扰我。”故答案为“I’m afraid of having an asthma attack in front of all of my classmates,” and “It’s so embarrassing to run and be laps behind my peers; I would rather shield my ego from the hit by intentionally walking the whole thing, so please leave me alone.”
21．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“But letting ourselves fall back on the “I can’t” can do more damage than just hiding our deeper feelings. Eventually we, and the people around us, start to believe it. I know there are things I have stopped trying because, well, I just can’t.(但是，让我们求助于“我不能”比隐藏我们更深层次的感受会造成更大的伤害。最终，我们和我们周围的人开始相信这一点。我知道有些事情我已经不再尝试了，因为，嗯，我就是不能。)”可知，作者停止尝试是因为自己相信“我不能”，而不是真正“没有能力去做”。所以句中“the fact that I am not able to do that.”表述错误。故答案为There are things I have stopped trying because of the fact that I am not able to do that.    According to the passage, there are things I have stopped trying because I started to believe I can’t after letting ourselves fall back on the “I can’t”.
22．开放性问题。言之有理，注意词数限制即可。故答案为I remember struggling with a difficult math problem and feeling overwhelmed. I wanted to give up, but instead of saying “I can’t,” I told my teacher that I was feeling frustrated and needed help. She was understanding and walked me through the problem, helping me to understand it better.
23．He defines judgment as the combination of personal qualities with relevant knowledge and experience to form opinions and take decisions./The combination of personal qualities with relevant knowledge and experience to form opinions and take decisions. 24．Because some people may have expert knowledge, but they don’t necessarily have judgment. 25．Although artificial intelligence is widely used for routine tasks, it can never exercise judgment as well as humans.
According to the passage, with enough practice, machines may be able to recognize implicit cues and thus display the equivalent of good judgment. 26．Yes. For one thing, humans possess common sense and intuition, which allows them to make judgments based on their prior experiences and knowledge of the world; for another, humans possess emotional intelligence, which allows them to recognize and understand emotions in themselves and others, allowing them to make better judgements.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了判断力的定义，判断力与专业知识的区别，责任多少对判断力的影响，以及机器在判断力方面的表现和发展。
23．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Sir Andrew Likierman of the London Business School suggests that judgment is “the combination of personal qualities with relevant knowledge and experience to form opinions and take decisions”.(伦敦商学院Andrew Likierman爵士认为，判断力是“将个人品质与相关知识和经验结合起来，形成观点并做出决定”。)”可知，Andrew爵士对于判断力的定义是将个人品质与相关知识和经验结合起来，形成观点并做出决定。故答案为：He defines judgment as the combination of personal qualities with relevant knowledge and experience to form opinions and take decisions./The combination of personal qualities with relevant knowledge and experience to form opinions and take decisions.
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Expert knowledge can be useful in making judgments. But they are not the same thing. “Academics have expert knowledge,” Sir Andrew observes. “They don’t necessarily have judgment.”(专业知识在做出判断时很有用。但它们不是一回事。“学者拥有专业知识，”Andrew爵士评论道。“他们不一定有判断力。”)”可知，专业知识和做出判断不是一回事的原因在于有些人也许拥有专业知识，但是不一定具有判断力。故答案为：Because some people may have expert knowledge, but they don’t necessarily have judgment.
25．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Though artificial intelligence gets used for more and more routine tasks in the service sector, exercising judgment may be one area where humans retain an edge over machines. This is far from certain, however. With enough practice, machines may be able to recognize these implicit cues and thus display the equivalent of good judgment.(虽然人工智能越来越多地用于服务行业的日常任务，但判断力可能是人类比机器保持优势的一个领域。然而，这还远不能确定。经过足够的练习，机器可能能够识别这些隐含的线索，从而显示出相当于良好判断力的能力。)”可知，“人工智能广泛运用于日常任务”与文章内容相符，“它永远不能像人类那样做出判断”与文章内容不符，因为通过足够的练习，机器可能能够识别出隐含的线索，从而显示出相当于良好判断力的能力。故答案为：Although artificial intelligence is widely used for routine tasks, it can never exercise judgment as well as humans.及According to the passage, with enough practice, machines may be able to recognize implicit cues and thus display the equivalent of good judgment.
26．开放性问题。题目要求对“在做出判断方面，人类‘比机器保持优势’”发表观点，表明同意或者不同意，并给出相应的理由，为开放性的题目，答案合理即可。例如，如果同意这一观点的话，可以结合自己的认知说明两点理由，人类可以凭借常识和直觉，利用先前的经验和对世界的了解做出判断，以及人类具有机器不具有的情绪智力，可以识别并理解自己和他人的情绪，从而做出更好的判断。故答案可为：Yes. For one thing, humans possess common sense and intuition, which allows them to make judgments based on their prior experiences and knowledge of the world; for another, humans possess emotional intelligence, which allows them to recognize and understand emotions in themselves and others, allowing them to make better judgements.
27．It/she was saved/rescued by the Harrisons/family. 28．They fed it/her on regular diet of fruit, nuts and baby food.
OR: They provided it/her with a regular diet of fruit, nuts and baby food.
OR: By giving/offering it/her a regular diet of fruit, nuts and baby food. 29．Saved/rescued 30．An injured foot and a belly full of babies.
OR: Its/her injured foot and coming babies.
OR: Its/her injured foot and the babies in her belly.
OR: That it was pregnant/had babies on the way and injured (in the foot). 31．I will do whatever I can to protect animals and live with them in harmony.

【导语】本文为记叙文。本文叙述了人类与动物之间美好而感人的友谊。一只可爱的小松鼠贝拉被布兰特利•哈里森和她的家人救了，伤愈后放归野外，却不愿与救她的家庭分开。9年后，松鼠贝拉仍然几乎每天都来看望他们，哈里森一家还在网上记录了小松鼠的冒险经历。
27．考查细节理解。根据第二段“As a baby, the terrible attack made by an owl (猫头鹰) left Bella near death, she was carefully taken in by the Greenville County, South Carolina family, and raised by them alongside three other squirrels named Larry, Curly, and Moe.(小时候，一只猫头鹰的可怕袭击使贝拉濒临死亡，她被南卡罗来纳州格林维尔县的一户人家精心收养，和另外三只松鼠——拉里、科利和莫伊——一起抚养长大)”可知，小贝拉被猫头鹰弄伤后它(她)被哈里森一家救了。故答案为It/she was saved/rescued by the Harrisons/family.
28．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Bella stayed with the Harrisons until she had healed successfully thanks to a regular diet of fruit, nuts, and baby food, and was ready to jump on the trees in the forest.(贝拉一直和哈里森一家待在一起，直到她通过定期进食水果、坚果和婴儿食品成功康复，并准备在森林里的树上跳来跳去)”可知，哈里森一家用水果、坚果和婴儿食品喂养它/她。故答案为They fed it/her on regular diet of fruit, nuts and baby food. OR: They provided it/her with a regular diet of fruit, nuts and baby food. OR: By giving/offering it/her a regular diet of fruit, nuts and baby food.
29．考查词句猜测。根据第一段“2010年10月，布兰特利·哈里森和她的家人救了（rescued）一只受伤的小松鼠，然后把她放归野外。然而，9年后，他们叫小贝拉的松鼠仍然几乎每天都来看望他们。”可知，小松鼠常来看望救她的家庭。因此“The little lady just isn’t ready to part with the family that succored her life.”可知，她还没准备好和救她的家庭分开。由此可判断出“succored”意为“saved/rescued”。
30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“A few years after Bella’s original stay at the Harrison house, she found her way back to them with an injured foot—and a belly full of babies—spending another few months of recovering.(贝拉最初住在哈里森家几年后，她带着一只受伤的脚和一肚子的孩子回到了他们身边，又花了几个月的时间恢复)”可知，一只脚受伤了，怀孕让贝拉在最初的几年后又回到了哈里森家。故答案为An injured foot and a belly full of babies. OR: Its/her injured foot and coming babies. OR: Its/her injured foot and the babies in her belly. OR: That it was pregnant/had babies on the way and injured (in the foot).
31．考查开放题。根据“贝拉的故事对你有什么启发？请用你自己的话解释。”可回答，我将尽我所能保护动物，并与它们和谐相处。故答案为I will do whatever I can to protect animals and live with them in harmony.
32．A mental illness of soldiers continually thinking about their homeland and longing for return. 33．They have found that time travel to the past and into the future both bring benefits to us. 34．ØMemory skills can bring us into the future, so we should imagine a negative end result to drive us into action when procrastinating.
Because we  should use a positive end result to drive us into action when procrastinating. 35．(1) I often imagine myself attending my ideal university in September 2023 to cheer myself up. Picturing myself wandering on the campus and enjoying the harvest in the golden autumn can give me the motivation to overcome nervousness and stress at present with an optimistic attitude and in full gear.
(2) I recall the time of winning the first prize in a speech contest two years ago. Standing on the stage reaching out for the prize, I was filled with pride. This experience serves as a constant source of encouragement and confidence for me to keep working hard to improve myself.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样才能成为一个自信的时间旅行者，穿越到过去或未来提出建议。
32．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“The term “nostalgia” was first coined in 1688 and was defined as a mental illness of soldiers continually thinking about their homeland and longing for return.(“怀旧”一词最早出现于1688年，被定义为一种士兵的精神疾病，他们会不断地想念自己的家园，渴望回归。)”可知，“怀旧”原意为军人不断思念故土、渴望回归的一种心理疾病。故答案是：A mental illness of soldiers continually thinking about their homeland and longing for return.
33．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“In numerous scientific experiments, researchers have found that subjects are much more likely to report positive feelings from a given piece of music if they’ve heard it before. But there’s also a growing body of research into time travel “the other way”, because memory skills can take people into the future, too. Decades of studies have shown that time travel into the future can bring a whole new set of rewards.(在许多科学实验中，研究人员发现，如果受试者以前听过某段音乐，他们更有可能从这段音乐中获得积极的感觉。但也有越来越多的研究以“另一种方式”进行时间旅行，因为记忆技能也可以把人们带到未来。几十年的研究表明，穿越到未来可以带来一系列全新的回报。)”可知，研究人员发现时间旅行到过去和到未来都会给我们带来好处。故答案是：They have found that time travel to the past and into the future both bring benefits to us.
34．考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第三段“When you’re procrastinating (拖延), visualize an end result. Flash forward to see the floor swept or the essay finished, and use that positive image to drive you into action.(当你在拖延的时候，想象一下最终的结果。快进到看到扫地或文章写完了，用这些积极的形象来推动你行动起来。)”可知，记忆力可以把我们带到未来，所以我们应该想象一个积极的最终结果来推动我们在拖延的时候采取行动。故答案是：Memory skills can bring us into the future, so we should imagine a negative end result to drive us into action when procrastinating. Because we should use a positive end result to drive us into action when procrastinating.
35．开放性试题。(1) I often imagine myself attending my ideal university in September 2023 to cheer myself up. Picturing myself wandering on the campus and enjoying the harvest in the golden autumn can give me the motivation to overcome nervousness and stress at present with an optimistic attitude and in full gear.
(2) I recall the time of winning the first prize in a speech contest two years ago. Standing on the stage reaching out for the prize, I was filled with pride. This experience serves as a constant source of encouragement and confidence for me to keep working hard to improve myself.
(答案仅供参考，言之有理即可。)
36．①They think what they do is best for that person and can be acceptable.
②It often involves making a judgment about what’s best for that person. 37．Making up falsehoods and leaving out unpleasant facts. 38．Those in the role of the deceived often considered lies of omission more tolerable than false-but-supportive statements.According to the passage, those in the role of the deceived often considered false-but-supportive statements more tolerable than lies of omission. (The underlined part is false because it is contrary to the statement in the text.) 39．I prefer to be honest. As is known to all, honesty is the best policy when communicating with friends, which contributes to the maintenance of cherished friendship. While it may be uncomfortable, honesty builds trust and prevents further misunderstandings or conflicts. On contrast, white lies can damage trust and lead to more significant problems in the long run.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了善意谎言的分量以及相关实验和研究。
36．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Even benevolent forms of deception come in shades of acceptability, and people who learn that they have been misled don’t always see it the way deceivers do. A lie that’s meant to inflate  someone’s confidence or discourage a bad habit, for example, often involves making a judgment about what’s best for that person. That presumption can backfire.(即使是善意的欺骗形式也有可接受的程度，而那些知道自己被误导的人并不总是像骗子那样看待它。例如，一个旨在增强某人信心或阻止一个坏习惯的谎言，通常涉及对那个人最好的判断。这种假设可能会适得其反)”可知，当人们说善意的谎言时，他们的假设是他们认为他们所做的是对那个人最好的，是可以接受的。或它通常包括判断什么对那个人是最好的。故答案为①They think what they do is best for that person and can be acceptable. ②It often involves making a judgment about what’s best for that person.
37．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Making up falsehoods isn’t the only way to kindly deceive, though: You might also simply leave out unpleasant facts.(不过，编造谎言并不是善意欺骗的唯一方式：你也可以简单地忽略不愉快的事实)”可知，善意欺骗别人的方法有编造谎言，忽略令人不快的事实。故答案为Making up falsehoods and leaving out unpleasant facts.
38．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“But those in the role of the deceived often considered false-but-supportive statements more tolerable than lies of omission.(但那些被欺骗的人通常认为虚假但支持性的陈述比遗漏的谎言更容易容忍)”可知，错误的部分为“lies of omission more tolerable than false-but-supportive statements”，根据这篇文章，那些被欺骗的人通常认为虚假但支持的陈述比遗漏的谎言更容易容忍。（划线部分是错误的，因为它与文中的陈述相反）故答案为Those in the role of the deceived often considered lies of omission more tolerable than false-but-supportive statements. According to the passage, those in the role of the deceived often considered false-but-supportive statements more tolerable than lies of omission. (The underlined part is false because it is contrary to the statement in the text.)
39．考查开放题。根据“当你告诉你的朋友一些不愉快的事情时，你是喜欢诚实还是善意的谎言？为什么？”可回答：我更喜欢诚实。众所周知，诚实是与朋友交往的上策，这有助于保持珍贵的友谊。虽然这可能会让人不舒服，但诚实可以建立信任，防止进一步的误解或冲突。相反，善意的谎言会破坏信任，从长远来看会导致更严重的问题。故答案为I prefer to be honest. As is known to all, honesty is the best policy when communicating with friends, which contributes to the maintenance of cherished friendship. While it may be uncomfortable, honesty builds trust and prevents further misunderstandings or conflicts. On contrast, white lies can damage trust and lead to more significant problems in the long run.
40．Because she thought she could make it. / Because she thought she would get homeback before the blizzard. 41．That the wind picked up and visibility diminished. 42．Fierce. / Violent. / Strong. / Heavy. / Powerful. 43．He walked into the storm to find lost people and led them to his home. 44．Open/kindhearted. Because he took the risk of his own safety to help strangers.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位80岁的老人Andre Bouvier Sr.在暴风雨中去营救迷路的一位女子Shannon St. Onge，意外救了另外六人并留宿他们的暖心故事。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Expected start time was at around 7 pm, but she thought she could make it. ‘I bought a takeout for the kids, filled my gas tank, replaced my broken phone charger and then headed home around 5:30 before the storm hit,’ she wrote in a Facebook post.(预计开始时间是晚上7点左右，但她认为自己能赶上。她在脸书上写道：‘我给孩子们买了外卖，加满油，换了坏掉的手机充电器，然后在暴风雨来袭前5点半左右回家’)”可知，她做好了准备，计算好了时间，认为自己可以在暴风雨来临前成功到家。故答案为Because she thought she could make it. / Because she thought she would get home before the blizzard.
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Just as the pavement turned into gravel (碎石路), the wind picked up and visibility started to diminish (降低). She drove at a snail’s pace with her window rolled down, using the edge as her guide. After a while she realized she was lost.(就在人行道变成砾石的时候，风开始刮起来，能见度开始下降。她摇下车窗，以边缘为向导，以蜗牛般的速度开车。过了一会儿，她意识到自己迷路了)”可知，是因为风越来越大，能见度降低是她开车行驶变得越来越难。故答案为That the wind picked up and visibility diminished.
42．考查词义猜测。根据上文Shannon St. Onge在暴风雨中迷失方向及划线词下一句“To Bouvier’s surprise, he found two other cars with people who also needed help trapped alongside St. Onge.(令布维耶惊讶的是，他发现另外两辆车也有需要帮助的人被困在St. Onge旁边)”可知，那么多人因为暴风雨而迷路，由此可知，暴风雨非常猛烈。故答案为Fierce. / Violent. / Strong. / Heavy. / Powerful.
43．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Despite his wife’s concern for his well-being, he decided to help her and headed out in the storm. (尽管他的妻子担心他的健康，他还是决定帮助她，并在暴风雨中出发了)”及第五段“He bundled up (使穿得暖和), grabbed an LED flashlight and walked about half a kilometre into the raging storm to search for St. Onge’s car. To Bouvier’s surprise, he found two other cars with people who also needed help trapped alongside St. Onge. He led the seven lost people back to his home and welcomed them in for the evening.(他穿上暖和的衣服，拿起一个LED手电筒，在狂风暴雨中走了大约半公里，寻找St. Onge的车。令布维耶惊讶的是，他发现另外两辆车也有需要帮助的人被困在St. Onge旁边。他把这七个迷路的人带回了自己的家，并欢迎他们在家里过夜)”可知。老人冒着暴风雨去找到迷路的人，并且把他们带回自己家过夜。故答案为He walked into the storm to find lost people and led them to his home.
44．考查推理判断。根据第四段“Then she posted her location on the Pense community Facebook page in hopes that someone might be able to find her. That was when 80-year-old Andre Bouvier Sr. figured out her location. Despite his wife’s concern for his well-being, he decided to help her and headed out in the storm.(然后，她在Pense社区的Facebook页面上发布了自己的位置，希望有人能找到她。就在那时，80岁的老安德烈·布维耶发现了她的位置。尽管他的妻子担心他的健康，他还是决定帮助她，并在暴风雨中出发了)”及第五段“He led the seven lost people back to his home and welcomed them in for the evening.(他把这七个迷路的人带回了自己的家，并欢迎他们在家里过夜)”可知，老人自己年纪大，暴风雨又那么危险，老人去解救遇险的陌生人，并带他们回自己家过夜，可见老人心胸宽广，无私善良。故答案为Open/kindhearted. Because he took the risk of his own safety to help strangers.
45．Empathy refers more to the general ability to feel the emotions of others, while Compassion is what happens when those feelings of empathy are accompanied by the desire to help. 46．Compassion has two forms and they are compassion for other people and Self-compassion. 47．Compassionate people like making judgement of other people. Because compassionate people tend to accept people as they are and avoid judgement. 48．I think the sense of compassion is important in my life. Because it not only motivates me to take action to help relieve suffering but also treats myself with the same kindness that I would show to others.

【导语】这是是一篇说明文。本文介绍了同情心和同理心的区别，同情心的两种表现形式即同情他人和自我同情，及培养同情心的三种方式——感同身受，不随意评价和练习关注。
45．考查细节理解。根据第一段第六句“Empathy refers more to the general ability to feel the emotions of others. Compassion, on the other hand, is what happens when those feelings of empathy are accompanied by the desire to help.”（ 同理心更多的是指感受他人情绪的一般能力。另一方面同情是当这些同理心伴随着帮助的愿望同时发生的。）可知，同情心和同理心不同之处在于同理心是一种感知别人心情的能力，而同情心除了包含同理心之外还有帮助别人的愿望。故答案为Empathy refers more to the general ability to feel the emotions of others, while Compassion is what happens when those feelings of empathy are accompanied by the desire to help.。
46．考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“Compassion often comes in one of two forms, which vary depending on where these feelings are directed.”（同情心经常是来自于两种形式之一，这个不同取决于这些情感被引导在了哪里。），第四句“When you experience compassion for other people, you feel their pain and want to find a way to relieve their suffering.”（当你同情他人时，你会感受到他们的痛苦，并想要找到一种方式来解脱他们的痛苦。）和第六句“Self-compassion involves treating yourself with the same kindness that you would show to others.”（ 自我同情包含了你要用对其他人的善意的对待自己。）可知，同情心有两种形式——同情他人和自我同情。故答案为Compassion has two forms and they are compassion for other people and Self-compassion.。
47．考查推理判断。根据第五段的第二句“Compassionate people tend to accept people as they are and avoid judgement.”（ 有同情心的人趋向于接受人们本来的样子并且避免做出评判。）可知，陈述部分的前半句“Compassionate people like making judgement of other people”（ 有同情心的人喜欢对他人做出评判）是错误的。故答案为Because compassionate people tend to accept people as they are and avoid judgement.。
48．考查开放性试题。根据第二段内容“When you experience compassion for other people, you feel their pain and want to find a way to relieve their suffering. These feelings motivate you to take action to make the situation better. Self-compassion involves treating yourself with the same kindness that you would show to others. You will treat failures without defensiveness, and no longer beat yourself up you’re your mistakes. You will feel understanding, mindful, and accepting of yourself and your imperfections.”（ 当你体验了对他人的同情时，你感受到了他们的痛苦并且想要找到方法来减轻他们的痛苦。这些感觉会激励你采取行动让情况变得更好。自我同情包括了用你对别人的善意来对待自己。你会毫无防备地对待失败并且不再因为自己的错误而自责。你会理解，留心并接受自己和自己的不完美。）可知，拥有同情心不仅会让人缓解痛苦还会对自己和他人更加关心和友好，所以我认为同情心是非常重要。故答案为I think the sense of compassion is important in my life. Because it not only motivates me to take action to help relieve suffering but also treats myself with the same kindness that I would show to others.。
49．Building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, an airport in Sri Lanka. 50．Because her mother took good care of her and she was her best friend. 51．The country has many health problems, and people in the country live a poor life. 52．She helped build a cardiac hospital and she goes to rural villages to provide medical treatment, consultation and training for local doctors. 53．Because we are global citizens interested in world stability, and we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.

【导语】本文是一篇演讲稿。主题是宣讲我国对其他国家的援助，讲述了一位医生母亲作为我国政府派驻非洲坦桑尼亚的医疗队的一员，开展志愿服务工作的经历，真实反映了中国进行国际援助的作用和意义，最后提出倡议，号召更多的人加入国际志愿者的行列。
49．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, and an airport in Sri Lanka. And we see Chinese miners, oil workers, agricultural experts, mechanics, and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world.”（我们看到中国工人在刚果修建公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修建铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。我们看到中国矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生在世界上几乎每个角落工作。）可知，中国人帮助海外他人的工作例子有在刚果修路，巴基斯坦建港口，在巴拿马建铁路，在斯里兰卡建飞机场等等，故答案为Building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, an airport in Sri Lanka.
50．考查细节理解。根据题干可知，文中相关信息在第三段“My mother cooked me dinner every night, and she took good care of me. But more importantly, she was my best friend.”（我妈妈每天晚上都给我做晚饭，她很照顾我。但更重要的是，她是我最好的朋友。）可知，作者的母亲去坦桑尼亚后，作者很难过的原因是以前母亲对她照顾得细致入微，而且母亲还是作者的朋友。故答案是Because her mother took good care of her and she was her best friend.。
51．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“But then I began to hear about the work she was doing in Tanzania, a country that has many health problems, and now I am singing a different tune.”（但后来我开始听说她在坦桑尼亚做的工作，这个国家有很多健康问题，现在我唱的是不同的调子。）以及下文中的“And, while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth, many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted,”(虽然这个国家非常美丽，拥有丰富的自然财富，但许多人都非常贫穷，生活中没有我们认为理所当然的东西)可知，坦桑尼亚有很多健康问题，且人们过着贫困的生活。故答案是The country has many health problems, and people in the country live a poor life.。
52．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac hospital.”(我母亲参与的一个项目是帮助建造一家心脏病医院。)以及下文中的“My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment, help those with disabilities, and provide consultation and training for local doctors.”(我的母亲还在乡村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。)可知，母亲在坦桑尼亚做的两件事情是建了一所心脏病医院；为乡下人提供治疗和咨询，以及培训当地的医生。故答案是She helped build a cardiac hospital and she goes to rural villages to provide medical treatment, consultation and training for local doctors.。
53．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability, and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.”（因为这表明我们是对世界稳定感兴趣的全球公民，我们对他人负责，并准备建立一个人类命运共同体。）可知，去海外做志愿者工作很值得的原因是我们都是全球公民，而且我们有责任为创建人类命运共同体而努力。故答案是Because we are global citizens interested in world stability, and we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.。
54．Combining her love of baking with a new use for the box. 55．Getting permission from the community council to use the call box. 56．Nobody worried that Holly’s idea wouldn’t work, and people even left notes saying how much they liked the idea.
Because nobody told Holly Ford that her idea wouldn’t work. 57．开放性试题。言之有理即可，注意词数限制。In my opinion, the creativity of Holly Ford is important. Creative methods in learning will make our learning efficiency double with half the effort. In addition, creativity will be very beneficial for people to create new items and create a better lifestyle.

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了Holly Ford将废弃已久的电话亭变为出售蛋糕和其他当地农产品的地方的事情。
54．考查细节理解。根据第一段“When Holly Ford walked past a long disused phone box on the outskirts of her home village of Cladich, near Inverary in Argyll, Scotland, in 2017, an idea began to form which combined her love of baking with a new use for the box,(2017年，当Holly Ford走过位于苏格兰阿盖尔（Argyll）因弗雷（Inverary）附近的家乡克拉迪奇（Cladich）郊区的一个废弃已久的电话亭时，一个想法开始形成，将她对烘焙的热爱与盒子的新用途结合在一起)”可知，当Holly Ford经过一个废弃已久的电话亭时，她的想法是将她对烘焙的热爱与电话亭的新用途结合在一起。故答案为Combining her love of baking with a new use for the box.
55．考查细节理解。根据第二段““It’s been amazing how much support we had from the outset,” said Holly, who got permission from the community council to use the call box. (“我们从一开始就得到了如此多的支持，真是令人惊讶，”得到社区委员会许可，可以使用电话亭的Holly说)”可知，Holly Ford一开始得到了社区委员会的许可，可以使用电话亭，这使得她把想法变成了现实。故答案为Getting permission from the community council to use the call box.
56．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Nobody told us it wouldn’t work,(没有人告诉我们这行不通)”以及第五段“And we do get quite a few notes that people leave for us saying how much they like the idea.(我们确实收到了不少人们留下的纸条，说他们多么喜欢这个想法)”可知，没有人告诉Holly Ford想法是行不通的，而不是没有人担心她的想法行不通。故答案为Nobody worried that Holly’s idea wouldn’t work, and people even left notes saying how much they liked the idea. Because nobody told Holly Ford that her idea wouldn’t work.
57．开放性试题。言之有理即可，注意词数限制。In my opinion, the creativity of Holly Ford is important. Creative methods in learning will make our learning efficiency double with half the effort. In addition, creativity will be very beneficial for people to create new items and create a better lifestyle.
58．A popular TV show. 59．By adding narration and crowd noises. 60．Because she was so young and the course includes a zip line. 61．Clam. 62．I think Gavin MacCall is a person who is good at challenges. BecauseGavin MacCall designed her daughter’s first obstacle course after seeing the show.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了数百万人正在观看美国科罗拉多州一名5岁女孩在家完成障碍赛的视频，以及其背后的故事。
58．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Gavin MacCall and his daughter Lylah are fans of the popular television show “American Ninja Warrior” on which competitors try to complete obstacle courses as fast as possible by climbing ladders, using ropes to swing across pools of water and running to the top of walls.”（Gavin MacCall和他的女儿Lylah是热门电视节目“美国忍者战士”的粉丝，在这个节目中，选手们试图通过爬梯子、用绳子在水池上摇摆和跑到墙的顶部来尽快完成障碍赛。）可知，一个受欢迎的电视节目激发了Gavin MacCall为他的女儿设计障碍训练场。故答案为A popular TV show.
59．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Gavin MacCall provided the narration and crowd noises, just like on television.”（Gavin MacCall提供了旁白和人群的噪音，就像在电视上一样。）可知，Gavin MacCall通过添加旁白和人群噪音让他的障碍跑尽可能真实。故答案为By adding narration and crowd noises.
60．考查细节理解。根据第三段的“In 2015, when Lylah was 4, her father designed her first obstacle course. (2015年，莱拉4岁时，她的父亲设计了她的第一个障碍赛道)”和“Earlier this year, MacCall posted new images on Facebook that suggested a new project. He was building another obstacle course, but this time, it was outside the house.(今年早些时候，MacCall在Facebook上发布了新的图片，暗示了一个新项目。他正在建造另一个障碍赛道，但这次是在屋外)”第四段中“The course is tough for her since it even includes a zip line on which Lylah slides over a line of her toys.”（该赛道对她来说很艰难，因为它甚至包括一个滑索，Lylah在上面滑过一排玩具。）可知，作者说该赛道对他的女儿来说很难是因为她太年轻了，而且赛道还包括滑索。故答案为Because she was so young and the course includes a zip line.
61．考查词义猜测。根据划线单词句中and连接的confident以及上文提到她已经“参加”过障碍赛可知，女孩非常镇定且自信，即unruffled为“镇静的，平静的”意思，等同于单词calm的意思。故答案为Calm.
62．考查主观评价。根据文章大意可知，Gavin MacCall在看到一档电视节目之后，决定让自己的女儿也接受类似的挑战，从而可以认为Gavin MacCall是一个善于挑战的人。故答案为I think Gavin MacCall is a person who is good at challenges. Because Gavin MacCall designed her daughter’s first obstacle course after seeing the show.
63．A person’s facial expressions, word choices, and answers to difficult questions. 64．I should strip my resume of anything that reveals my sex or race.
By stripping my resume of anything that reveals my sex or race.
By not including anything that reveals my sex or race in my resume. 65．➢ When AI selection systems use biased data, the hiring process may actually be more unfair and the fact that women are not considered for technical jobs has something to do with race.
According to the passage, some AI-hiring systems automatically ignore women on the grounds that most existing technical workers are male. Therefore, the fact has something to do with sex rather than race. 66．AI technology is used to evaluate students’ performance in speaking and writing. It works more efficiently than human evaluators. However, its judgements aren’t accurate enough. If its precision can be greatly improved, the influence will be epoch-making.

【导语】本文是篇议论文。最近，许多公司的老板都利用人工智能来招聘员工，文章主要讲述了这种方式的优点及存在的问题。
63．考查细节理解。根据第一段“During these, a person’s facial expressions, word choices, and answers to difficult questions are all examined and used to judge how good the person would be at the job in question.”（在面试过程中，一个人的面部表情、用词和对难题的回答都会被测试，并被用来判断这个人是否适合这份工作。）可知，在以AI为基础的视频面试中，一个人的面部表情、用词和对难题的回答会影响最终的面试结果。故答案为：A person’s facial expressions, word choices, and answers to difficult questions.
64．考查细节理解。根据第四段“You should also strip your resume of anything that reveals your sex or race in case a biased data set is being used.”（你还应该删除简历中任何显示你性别或种族的内容，以防使用有偏见的数据集。）可知，如果想要避免被有偏见的数据组影响，就应该删除简历中任何显示你性别或种族的内容。故答案为：I should strip my resume of anything that reveals my sex or race.或 By stripping my resume of anything that reveals my sex or race.或 By not including anything that reveals my sex or race in my resume.
65．考查推理判断。根据第二段“Because AI systems use biased data sets to learn how to select people, the hiring process may actually be more unfair when AI is used. For instance, some AI-hiring systems automatically ignore women on the grounds that most existing technical workers are male.”（由于人工智能系统使用有偏见的数据集来学习如何选择人才，因此使用人工智能时，招聘过程实际上可能更加不公平。例如，一些人工智能招聘系统会自动忽略女性，理由是现有的大多数技术工人都是男性。）可知，当AI选择系统用有偏见的数据时，招聘过程实际上可能更加不公平，例如很多技术岗位不考虑女性说明这种不公平是与性别相关的，而不是种族，所以“has something to do with race”是错误的，应为划线句。以上解释用英语表达应为：Some AI-hiring systems automatically ignore women on the grounds that most existing technical workers are male. Therefore, the fact has something to do with sex rather than race. 故答案为：According to the passage, some AI-hiring systems automatically ignore women on the grounds that most existing technical workers are male. Therefore, the fact has something to do with sex rather than race.
66．考查开放性试题。人工智能技术用于评估学生的口语和写作表现。它比人类评估者更有效。然而，它的判断不够准确。如果它的精度能够大大提高，其影响将是划时代的。答案为：AI technology is used to evaluate students’ performance in speaking and writing. It works more efficiently than human evaluators. However, its judgements aren’t accurate enough. If its precision can be greatly improved, the influence will be epoch-making.
67．Because he could not go to college. 68．The teacher expected him to be optimistic. 69．With the teacher’s help, he eventually got over his depression. 70．Accepted/Welcomed. 71．I think failure is the mother of success because we can benefit a lot from failure and thus make necessary improvements to achieve success.

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了朋友们在去上大学的时候，作者重新开始了高中生活，面对陌生的同学和环境， 作者很失落。在老师的帮助和鼓励之下，重拾信心，保持乐观，勇敢面对失败，对未来大学依旧充满向往。
67．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段话“When my friends went to college in great delight, I restarted my senior high school life. My spirit sank.(当我的朋友们兴高采烈地上大学时，我重新开始了我的高中生活。我的精神萎靡不振。)”可知，作者心情低落是因为自己的朋友们兴高采烈地上了大学，而作者重新开始了高中生活，无法和朋友们一样去上大学。故答案为Because he could not go to college.
68．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段话“If you are optimistic, things you want may happen to you!(如果你乐观，你想要的事情可能会发生在你身上!)”可知，老师希望作者能够乐观起来。故答案为The teacher expected him to be optimistic.
69．考查主旨大意。根据文章第五段话“With the teacher’s help, I eventually got over my depression.(在老师的帮助下，我终于克服了抑郁。)”可知，本段后文内容围绕主旨句进行了详细的阐述说明。故答案为With the teacher’s help, he eventually got over his depression.
70．考查词义猜测。根据第五段前句“From then on, I no longer bowed my head and began smiling to my classmates. I would put up my hand confidently in class and play with my new friends in my spare time.(从那时起，我不再低头，开始对我的同学微笑。我会在课堂上自信地举手，在业余时间和我的新朋友们一起玩耍。)”可知，作者与新同学和谐相处，与人微笑，自信举手回答问题。这些都是能够被人接受，逐渐成为朋友的行为。由此可知，“embraced”可理解为“accepted/welcomed”。故答案为Accepted/Welcomed.
71．考查开放答题。根据文章最后一段话“To be frank, I still have a thirst for my dream university, but I’m not afraid of failure because I can profit by it. With parents and teachers’ encouragement, I’m quite certain of my success and I’m sure I can fly high.(坦白地说，我仍然渴望我梦想的大学，但我不怕失败，因为我可以从中受益。有了父母和老师的鼓励，我对自己的成功很有把握，我相信我能飞得很高。)”可知，作者想要表达的是不怕失败，保持乐观的人生态度。因此当面对失败时，要像作者一样勇敢面对，积极乐观，考生可以按此思路答题，如我认为失败是成功之母，因为我们可以从失败中受益匪浅，从而做出必要的改进以获得成功。故答案为I think failure is the mother of success because we can benefit a lot from failure and thus make necessary improvements to achieve success.
72．They were kind to them.
Or: They helped them.
Or: They welcomed them. 73．To make neighbors leave their house and join the community.
Or: For neighbors to stay connected. 74．We worked together/as a team/in cooperation.
Or: It was our joint effort. 75．Good memories neighbors shared together.
Or: What they did on the benches at the weekends.
Or: The benches brought the community together. 76．Any possible answer is OK. For example: I’ll build a care center in the community. Because people can take care of children and pets when neighbors are occupied.

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者父亲在社区建造了长凳，成为邻居们聚集的好地方。
72．细节理解题。根据第一段“We waved at the stream of incoming families during their move-in days.(在他们迁入的日子里，我们向涌入的家庭挥手致意。)”可知，当新家庭搬进来的时候，邻居们挥手致意，欢迎他们的到来。可见他们对新来的邻居很友好。故答案为They were kind to them. Or: They helped them. Or: They welcomed them.
73．细节理解题。根据第二段“Dad wanted a place for children to play, a quiet place for parents to sit and relax, but more importantly, a reason for everyone to leave the house and join the community. He began imagining benches. (爸爸想要一个让孩子们玩耍的地方，一个让父母坐下来放松的安静的地方，但更重要的是，一个让每个人都离开家，加入社区的理由。他开始想象长椅。)”可知，作者的父亲想要建造长凳，是为了让邻居们离开他们的家，加入社区。故答案为To make neighbors leave their house and join the community. Or: For neighbors to stay connected.
74．句意猜测题。根据第三段划线句前句“When Construction began with me and my father hauling pieces of wood and steel out of his truck, within minutes there was a crowd of young neighbors at hand, each claiming they could help. (施工开始时，我和父亲从他的卡车里拖出一些木片和钢材，几分钟内就有一群年轻的邻居来了，每个人都说他们可以帮忙。)”以及后文“Jeff ran to the garage to grab his drill (钻孔机). Brian held the boards together while I dug through the toolbox in search of a wrench (扳手). Charlie measured and marked locations on the ground for drilling.(杰夫跑到车库去拿他的电钻。当我在工具箱里翻来翻去找扳手的时候，布莱恩把木板放在一起。查理测量并标记了地面上的钻井地点。)”可知，虽然彼此都不熟，但所有人都一起合作。故答案为We worked together/as a team/in cooperation. Or: It was our joint effort.
75．主旨大意题。根据第五段“That afternoon marked the first of many weekend Neighbor Days when weather permitted. Kids raced each other around while parents brought out food. Later in the evening, someone put a firepit in the center of the benches so that the conversations would carry on into the night. We often ended up there the following afternoon, as well as countless afternoons and evenings in the years since. (那天下午是许多周末邻居日的第一天，天气不错。当父母端出食物时，孩子们互相追逐。晚上晚些时候，有人在长凳中间放了一个火坑，这样谈话就能持续到深夜。我们常常在第二天下午，以及此后数年的无数个下午和晚上，来到那里。)”可知，本段主要介绍了邻居们一起度过的美好回忆。故答案为Good memories neighbors shared together. Or: What they did on the benches at the weekends. Or: The benches brought the community together.
76．开放题。答案言之有理即可，注意字数。参考答案为I’ll build a care center in the community. Because people can take care of children and pets when neighbors are occupied.
77．He couldn’t believe he could write that book./
He feels it incredible to write a book like that. 78．Because reading was not much on trend with his neighbour’s culture./
Because reading was not regarded as a pathway to a better life. 79．How the author realized the importance of reading./
What made the author decide to become a stronger reader./
Why the author decided to become a stronger reader. 80．Difficulty./Hardship./Challenge. 81．Reading is very important to everyone.Because reading is regarded as a pathway to a better life.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的读书经历。
77．考查细节理解。根据第一段“ Even now when I see the title of my latest picture book, My Very Favorite Book in the Whole Wide World, I shake my head, not quite believing that book has my name on it. ”（即使是现在，当我看到我最新绘本的书名《我在整个广阔的世界上最喜欢的书》时，我也会摇头，不太相信那本书上有我的名字）可知，他不敢相信他能写出那本书/他觉得写那样一本书简直不可思议。故回答为：He couldn’t believe he could write that book/ He feels it incredible to write a book like that.
78．考查细节理解。根据第二段“In Valdosta, GA, where I grew up, my community promoted two pathways to a better life for little boys like me: being an athlete and being an entertainer.”（在我长大的乔治亚州瓦尔多斯塔，我的社区为像我这样的小男孩提供了两条通向更好生活的道路：成为一名运动员和成为一名艺人）可知，作者在小的时候忽视了阅读的原因是读书在他社区的文化中并不流行/因为读书并不被认为是通往美好生活的途径。故回答为：Because reading was not much on trend with his neighbour’s culture./ Because reading was not regarded as a pathway to a better life.
79．考查主旨大意。根据第三段“Trips to the grocery store were stressful because there was so much reading involved in the simple act of buying food. I would misread labels and grab the wrong items. Once, I picked up apple sauce thinking it was apple slices. I didn’t notice my mistake until I got home and realized that it was my inability to understand the differences in the wording on the labels that caused the mistake. I realized that I needed to make an important decision. If I wanted to be a better version of me, I had to become a stronger reader”（去杂货店的路程是有压力的，因为买食物这个简单的行为涉及太多的阅读。我会看错标签，拿错东西。有一次，我拿起苹果酱，以为是苹果片。直到回到家，我才注意到我的错误，意识到是我无法理解标签上措辞的差异导致了这个错误。我意识到我需要做一个重要的决定。如果我想成为更好的自己，我必须成为一个更强的读者）可知，第三段主要是关于作者是如何意识到读书的重要性的/是什么使作者决定成为一个更强的读者/为什么作者决定成为一个更强的读者。故回答为：How the author realized the importance of reading./What made the author decide to become a stronger reader./ Why the author decided to become a stronger reader.
80．考查词句猜测。根据上文“School presented challenges every day and so did football practice”（学校每天都有挑战，足球训练也是如此）可知，但克服身体上的困难/挑战是我们社区文化的潮流。所以划线词的意思是困难/挑战的意思。故回答为：Difficulty/Hardship/Challenge.
81．开放性试题。结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：Reading is very important to everyone.Because reading is regarded as a pathway to a better life.
82．Because he had no clue if he could make enough money and he didn’t want to waste time. 83．A lot of effort, determination and time. 84．The author’s father thought that in order to succeed we can rely on some miraculous event. Because the author’s father thought that in order to succeed we have to work hard. In other words, we can rely on hard work. 85．I agree with the author’s opinion. I think success is due to our hard work. In order to succeed, we should put in a lot of effort, determination and time. It is impractical to gain without any labor.


【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章结合作者的亲身经历告诉我们为了成功，我们要付出足够的努力，不要寄希望于某种不可思议的事件。
82．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段关键句“He went on for twenty minutes about how his passion in life was to make movies, but he wouldn’t pursue it because he had no clue if he could make enough money and he didn’t want to waste time because it would take years to make it big. (他花了20分钟讲述了自己生活中对拍电影的热爱，但他不会去追求，因为他不知道自己是否能赚到足够的钱，也不想浪费时间，因为要想取得成功需要几年的时间。)”可知，年轻人放弃了拍电影的梦想，因为他不知道自己是否能赚到足够的钱，也不想浪费时间。故答案为Because he had no clue if he could make enough money and he didn’t want to waste time.
83．考查推理判断。根据文章第三段关键句“Many people these days don’t realize that when things seem to happen immediately, it is only because a lot of effort, determination and time have gone into them and it isn’t due to some miraculous (不可思议的) event. (如今，许多人没有意识到，当事情似乎立即发生时，这仅仅是因为我们为之付出了大量的努力、决心和时间，而不是由于某种不可思议的事件。)”可知，在作者看来，立即成功的前提是我们为之付出了大量的努力、决心和时间，由此可知，在作者看来，要在短时间内赚很多钱需要大量的努力、决心和时间。故答案为A lot of effort, determination and time.
84．考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段关键句“Every time we watched that show, my dad would proudly say how right the teacher was because in order to succeed you have to work hard. (每次我们看那个节目，我爸爸都会自豪地说老师是多么的正确，因为为了成功，你必须努力工作。)”可知，作者的父亲认为，为了成功，我们必须努力工作，由此可知，句子中“some miraculous event”部分是错误的，标下划线，因为父亲认为，成功并不是依靠一些奇迹般的事件，而是依靠努力工作。故答案为The author’s father thought that in order to succeed we can rely on some miraculous event. Because the author’s father thought that in order to succeed we have to work hard. In other words, we can rely on hard work.
85．开放题。答案不唯一，符合文意，能够正确表达出个人观点即可。例如：我同意作者的观点。根据文章第三段关键句“Many people these days don’t realize that when things seem to happen immediately, it is only because a lot of effort, determination and time have gone into them and it isn’t due to some miraculous (不可思议的) event. (如今，许多人没有意识到，当事情似乎立即发生时，这仅仅是因为我们为之付出了大量的努力、决心和时间，而不是由于某种不可思议的事件)”可知，为了成功，我们应该付出大量的努力、决心和时间，不劳而获是不切实际的。故答案为I agree with the author’s opinion. I think success is due to our hard work. In order to succeed, we should put in a lot of effort, determination and time. It is impractical to gain without any labor.
86．She was scared of giving presentations about her research. 87．She quitted/quit her usual dance-pop and tried country music, and her clothing changed as well. 88．Emphasized. 89．She wore professional clothing and presented her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up./By wearing professional clothing and presenting her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up.
90．Her strategy to overcome fear in presentation inspires me to boost confidence and face challenges in life.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者从著名歌手Lady Gaga那里学到的一个在演讲中克服恐惧并提升自信的方法。
86．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“I especially feared to give presentations about my research.(我特别害怕做关于我的研究的报告)”可知，作者害怕对她的研究做报告。故答案为She was scared of giving presentations about her research.。
87．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“She had quitted her usual dance-pop and tried country music for the first time, and her clothing had changed as well.(她放弃了平时的流行舞蹈，第一次尝试乡村音乐，她的衣服也变了)”可知，Lady Gaga在新专辑中放弃了平时的流行舞蹈，而是尝试乡村音乐，她的衣服也变了。故答案为She quitted/quit her usual dance-pop and tried country music, and her clothing changed as well.。
88．考查词义猜测。根据画线词上文“so I thought about the features and the image I wanted my professional self to possess(所以我考虑了我想要的职业形象和特征)”及后文“through make-up(通过化妆)”可知，作者考虑自己想要的职业特点和形象，所以应是通过化妆突出了这些特点，highlighted意为“突出，强调”，故答案为Emphasized.。
89．考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“I wore professional clothing and highlighted my features — bravery, grace, and self-assurance — through make-up.(我穿着职业装，通过化妆突出了我的特点——勇敢、优雅和自信)”可知，作者穿着职业装，通过化妆展现她的勇敢、优雅和自信，以此来克服害羞和紧张。故答案为She wore professional clothing and presented her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up./By wearing professional clothing and presenting her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up.。
90．考查推理判断。根据全文内容，结合文章最后一句“Thanks to Lady Gaga, I now have a strategy that unlocks the key to my confidence.(多亏了Lady Gaga，我现在有了一个打开我自信的钥匙的策略)”可知，作者从著名歌手Lady Gaga那里学到了在演讲中克服恐惧并提升自信的方法，这个策略可以激励我们增强信心，面对生活中的挑战。故答案为Her strategy to overcome fear in presentation inspires me to boost confidence and face challenges in life.。
91．Beautiful doll clothes. 92．Went/Move secretly/quietly. 93．He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box. 94．They wanted to play a trick on his son and bring joy to the family. 95．I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls.


【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次圣诞节以为会收到渴望已久的礼物———只弹簧高跷，却发现只是一把扫帚，失望至极，然后发现是父母捉弄自己，最终收到了梦寐以求的礼物的故事。
91．考查细节理解。由第一段中的“When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. (当我七岁的时候，我看到妈妈在做洋娃娃衣服。她告诉我他们是为穷人准备的，所以我再也没有想过。圣诞节的早晨，当我打开礼物时，里面有那些漂亮的洋娃娃衣服)”可知，作者7岁那年圣诞节早上收到了漂亮的洋娃娃衣服作为礼物。故答案为：Beautiful doll clothes.
92．考查词句猜测。由第二段中的“I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the bam. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. (我记得那一刻我在想，盒子里是不是一根弹簧高跷。我们回到家后，我爸爸把盒子放在了袋子里。我父母不在的时候，我shuck出去谷仓找盒子)”和“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现)”可知，作者急于知道盒子里的圣诞礼物是不是弹簧高跷，所以当父母不在，就悄悄地跑进爸爸放礼物的谷仓，shuck意为“偷偷溜进”，本段下文中的“I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present.”（我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物）也是提示，故答案为：Went/Move secretly/quietly.
93．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现。没有这样的运气！盒子里有一把愚蠢的旧扫帚。所以圣诞节的早晨令人失望)”可知，作者本以为自己爸爸给他买了一根弹簧高跷，所以收到旧扫帚（不是想象的礼物）才会感到失望。故答案为：He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box.
94．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present. (当我的父母捉弄我的时候，他们可能会悄悄地笑，我不知道当我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物时，他们是否在从窗户看着我)”和最后一段中的“We had love and we had joy. (我们有爱，我们有快乐)”可知，作者的父母在盒子里放了一把扫帚，是因为他们想捉弄他的儿子，给全家带来欢乐。故答案为：They wanted to play a trick on his son and brought joy to the family.
95．开放性答题，本题要求写一写自己从父母那里收到的最好的礼物是什么，并解释原因，选中一个礼物即可，例如收到父母送的玩具娃娃，因为你特别喜欢玩具。故答案为I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls.


96．The woman is a loving and dutiful daughter. 97．Because there are too many good memories. 98．Relieved 99．That her bothers and sisters want to share the duty of caring their mother. 100．言之有理即可，参考答案we should be a loving and dutiful daughter/son who ensures our parents can spend the rest of their life in a nice way.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为女儿照料年迈的母亲，让她有尊严地度过晚年的故事。
96．细节理解题。根据第一段“There I saw a woman of my age with a concerned look on her face helping her elderly father slowly make his way to the men’s room with his walker.She seemed like a loving,dutiful daughter dealing with the role reversal(逆转)that comes with age—those moments when it feels like you’re talking care of your parents,instead of being taken care of by your parents.(在那里，我看到一个和我同龄的女人，脸上带着担忧的表情，帮助年迈的父亲带着助行器慢慢走向男厕所。她看起来像一个可爱的、尽职尽责的女儿，正在处理随着年龄的增长而来的角色转换——那些感觉你在谈论照顾你的父母，而不是被父母照顾的时刻。)”可知，作者认为和她年龄相仿的这个女人是一个有责任心和爱心的女儿。故答案为The woman is a loving and dutiful daughter.
97．细节理解题。根据第三段“Now mom is living alone, in the same house in Virginia where my elder sister,my younger brother and I grew up. The house is full of 55 years’ memories about my mom and my dad.(现在妈妈一个人住在弗吉尼亚州我姐姐、弟弟和我长大的那个房子里。房子里充满了55年来关于我妈妈和我爸爸的回忆。)”可知，由于房子里有很多过去的美好记忆，所以作者的母亲不愿意离开。故答案为Because there are too many good memories.
98．词句猜测题。根据第四段“What about the hours of loneliness that can’t be alleviated with a phone call? I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.(那几个小时的孤独不能通过一个电话来____呢？我很幸运，我和我的兄弟姐妹经常沟通，我们都想尽自己的一份力。)”可知，这里应讲一个电话不能“缓解”孤独的时间，所以alleviated应为“缓解”。故答案为Relieved.
99．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.(我很幸运，我的兄弟姐妹和我经常沟通，我们都想尽自己的一份力。)”可知，作者认为他很幸运是因为兄弟姐妹帮助她分担照顾妈妈的责任。故答案为That her brothers and sisters want to share the duty of caring for their mother.
100．开放性试题。通读全文可知，作者是一个有爱心、有责任心的人，照顾妈妈晚年生活的女儿，所以我们也应该做这样的子女。故答案可为we should be a loving and dutiful daughter/son who ensures our parents can spend the rest of their life in a nice way.
101．Because we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. 102．It prompts one’s mind and body into action and it helps him/her to stay sharp and focused in the interview, prepared to pursue his/her goals. 103．Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious.
Because dopamine is in higher levels when we are anxious. 104．版本一：We should develop a good mindset about this misunderstood emotion and try to use it in the right way in our daily life, which can help us get rid of it gradually.版本二： I’m usually anxious about the tons of work ahead. To deal with it, I make a checklist of the tasks in order of priority. Whenever I finish one, I’ll tick it off. In this way, anxiety pushes me forward and I translate it into productivity.


【导语】本文是篇说明文。焦虑已成为现在社会普遍存在的一种现象，人们将它视为糟糕的情绪。文章讲述了焦虑形成的原因、优缺点及如何应对焦虑的方法。
101．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The problem is that we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. That’s why it’s increasingly hard to know how to feel good. ”（问题是我们不知道如何建设性地应对焦虑。这就是为什么越来越难知道如何感觉良好。）可知，我们越来越不知道怎样感到快乐的原因是我们不知道如何建设性地去应对焦虑。故答案为：Because we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety.
102．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp and focused, prepared to pursue your goals.”（焦虑促使你的思想和身体付诸行动。你的担忧迫使你为面试做了充分的准备，你会心跳加速、大脑充血，这样你就会保持敏锐和专注，为达成目标做好充分准备。）可知，焦虑会促使人的思想和身体付诸行动，帮助他/她在面试中保持敏锐和专注、实现目标。故答案为：It prompts one’s mind and body into action and it helps him/her to stay sharp and focused in the interview, prepared to pursue his/her goals.
103．考查细节理解。根据第五段“Research has also shown something that many scientists didn’t expect: higher levels of dopamine (多巴胺) when we’re anxious.”（研究也显示了某些科学家们没想到的结果：当我们焦虑时，多巴胺水平更高。）可知，“but it is in lower levels when we are anxious”这一部分是错误的，按题目要求划线；原因就是根据文章的描述，研究所得结果是：当我们焦虑时，多巴胺水平更高。故答案为：Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious. Because dopamine is in higher levels when we are anxious.
104．考查开放答题。根据最后一段“We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. ”（我们要相信最后的应对办法就是摆脱它。）和“We need to develop a new mindset about this misunderstood emotion.”（我们需要对这种让人误解的情绪有一个新的心态。）及“We don’t need to like anxiety—just to use it in the right way.”（我们不需要喜欢焦虑——只是用正确的方式使用它。）可以推测，在日常生活中，我们应该有一个良好的心态来看待焦虑，正确使用它，争取逐渐摆脱它。故答案为：We should develop a good mindset about this misunderstood emotion and try to use it in the right way in our daily life, which can help us get rid of it gradually.
105．Using land and water and resulting in greenhouse emission. 106．Reducing meat intake. 107．Diets like vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat. Because the more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier but not healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption. 108．We should have the save-energy consciousness and do something that we can, for instance using the bus rather than the car when you go out, re-using the things that can be recycled, reducing the use of plastic bags and so on.


【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了我们的食物选择为什么会影响环境。
105．考查细节理解。根据第一段的第二句话“In addition to using land and water, food production results in greenhouse gas emissions—from the fossil fuels burned to run tractors and harvesters, for example, and from the gases released when cow manure decomposes(粪便分解) and from when cows burp and fart(打嗝和放屁). （除了使用土地和水之外，粮食生产还会产生温室气体排放——例如，拖拉机和收割机燃烧的化石燃料、牛粪分解时释放的气体以及奶牛打嗝和放屁时释放的气体）”可知，粮食生产对环境的影响主要包括使用土地和水以及产生温室气体排放。故答案为Using land and water and resulting in greenhouse emission.
106．考查细节理解。根据第四段的第一句话“Overall, our review found that reducing meat intake generally resulted in less greenhouse gas emissions, less land use, and less water use.（总的来说，我们的研究发现，减少肉类摄入量通常会减少温室气体排放，减少土地使用和水的使用）”可知，减少肉类摄入量就会减少对环境的影响。故答案为Reducing meat intake.
107．考查细节理解。根据第五段的句子“The more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.（由于蔬菜和水果的增加以及红肉和加工肉类消费的减少，更可持续的饮食通常被认为稍微健康一些。）”可知，纯素、素食、鱼素等饮食只是略微健康，而不是更健康。故答案为Diets like vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian and the like are considered more environmentally sustainable and healthier due to the absence of red meat. Because the more sustainable diets were generally considered slightly healthier but not healthier due to increased vegetable and fruit and reduced red and processed meat consumption.
108．本题是一道开放题，言之有理即可。该问题主语涉及到在生活中我们能做些什么使我们的生活更环保? 根据生活常识，生活中我们可以做很多事来实现环保行为。例如外出时使用公共汽车而不是汽车，重复使用可以回收的东西，减少使用塑料袋等等。故答案为：We should have the save-energy consciousness and do something that we can, for instance using the bus rather than the car when you go out, re-using the things that can be recycled, reducing the use of plastic bags and so on.
109．To see local wildlife.
Or: To get close to local wildlife. 110．Students, their parents, and teachers themselves, or they raise money to get builders’ help. 111．Strong needs. 112．Roy Austin brought the pleasure of reading to Africa. 113．He is caring and helpful. He understood that the local people in rural Kenya lived a hard life and managed to help them out.

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Roy Austin去非洲旅行时发现了肯尼亚乡村的孩子们缺少基本的学习用品，于是他成立了Libraries for Kids International去帮助这些孩子，送去图书。
109．考查推理判断。根据第一段中“All he wanted to do was get close to some African wildlife.(他想做的就是接近一些非洲野生动物)”可知，Roy去非洲的最初目的是看野生动植物。故答案为To see local wildlife。
110．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中“In rural Kenya, school buildings are not built by the government. Students, their parents, and teachers find materials and build the schools themselves, or they have to raise money to get builders’ help. (在肯尼亚农村，学校建筑不是由政府建造的。学生、他们的父母和老师自己寻找材料建造学校，或者他们必须筹集资金获得建筑商的帮助)”可知，肯尼亚的学校由政府、学生以及他们的父母、老师以及通过筹集资金获得建筑商的帮助来建造的。故答案为Students, their parents, and teachers themselves, or they raise money to get builders’ help。
111．考查词意猜测。根据倒数第三段中“The students and teachers of the schools very much wanted a library or at least some books to read.(学校的学生和老师都非常想要一个图书馆，或者至少有一些书可以读)”以及划线词后面的内容“for something as seemingly “basic” as books to read still worried Roy. (像要读的书这样看似“基本”的事情仍然让罗伊担心)”可知，肯尼亚的学生们对于像要读的书这样看似“基本”的事情是非常渴望的，因此可以猜测肯尼亚的学生对于读书有着强烈的需求。故划线词yearning与strong needs为同义词，意为“强烈的需求”。故答案为Strong needs。
112．考查主旨大意。通读全文。文章讲述了Roy Austin去非洲旅行时发现了肯尼亚乡村的孩子们缺少基本的学习用品，于是他成立了Libraries for Kids International去帮助这些孩子，送去图书。故答案为Roy Austin brought the pleasure of reading to Africa。
113．考查推理判断。根据第三段中“He was deeply touched by their positive attitude, even though it was hard for them to get books and other school supplies.(尽管他们很难买到书和其他学习用品，但他们积极的态度深深打动了他)”以及根据倒数第二段“He decided to do whatever he could to help these children. So he started the organization Libraries for Kids International.(他决定尽他所能去帮助这些孩子。所以他成立了国际儿童图书馆组织)”以及最后一段中“Since it was started, Roy has shipped over 11,000 books to 11 schools in African countries, including Kenya and Tanzania.(自创办以来，罗伊已经向包括肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚在内的11所非洲国家的学校运送了1.1万多本书)”可知，Roy了解肯尼亚农村的当地人生活艰难，并设法帮助他们摆脱困境，所以他是非常善良的和愿意帮助人的。故答案为He is caring and helpful. He understood that the local people in rural Kenya lived a hard life and managed to help them out。
114．Sugar. 115．Because we can have energy stored for when there is no food. 116．The sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good, so we should eat more in daily life.
Because most people have more than enough sugar that may be killing us. Besides, sugar is one of the culprits of high blood pressure 117．I fight against sugar by replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit and vegetables. I also grow my own food in gardens and keep exercising to maintain my sugar level in normal.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多科学家认为我们对糖的热爱实际上可能是一种上瘾，糖能够补充人体的能量，但同时也会引发一些疾病。
114．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? “Sugar, we believe is one of the culprits, if not the major reason,” says Johnson.(全世界有三分之一的成年人患有高血压，多达3.47亿人患有糖尿病。为什么？“我们认为，糖是罪魁祸首之一，如果不是主要原因的话，”约翰逊说)”可知，糖是高血压的原因之一。故答案为Sugar.
115．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food (早期人类的食物通常很少，所以我们的身体学会了以脂肪的形式有效地储存糖分。这样，我们就储存了能量，以备没有食物时使用)”可知，我们的身体学会将糖储存为脂肪，因为我们可以在没有食物的情况下储存能量。故答案为Because we can have energy stored for when there is no food.
116．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.(这样看来，它实际上是一种上瘾的药物，医生建议我们都要减少使用)”以及第三段“But today, most people have more than enough. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us. (但今天，大多数人拥有的已经绰绰有余了。所以，曾经拯救我们的东西现在可能正在杀死我们)”可知，我们不应该在日常生活中多吃糖。故答案为The sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good, so we should eat more in daily life. Because most people have more than enough sugar that may be killing us. Besides, sugar is one of the culprits of high blood pressure.
117．开放性试题。根据文章最后一段“Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens, or building facilities (设施) like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise.(许多学校正在用水果等更健康的食物取代含糖甜点。其他学校在菜园里种植自己的食物，或者建造像步道这样的设施，让学生和社区里的其他人可以锻炼身体)”可知，在日常生活中对抗糖，应该多吃蔬菜和水果 ，以及加强锻炼。故答案为I fight against sugar by replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit and vegetables. I also grow my own food in gardens and keep exercising to keep my sugar level in normal.
118．Because they wanted to ease him into learning with family care and better prepare him for further education. 119．He had doubts about himself at first, but then buried his head in his books. 120．Yuan spent his spare time in his first term working hard in the computer room because he wanted to develop his ideas and get patents.
Yuan spent his spare time in his first term working hard in the computer room because he wanted to catch up with the class.
121．Optimism must be ranked number one among Yuan’s qualities. Because it can bring us mental power. If we aren’t optimistic, we couldn’t move on in our life confronting failures, miseries or sufferings. It is optimism that enables us to regain confidence, courage and hope. (44 words)

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了独臂博士袁鑫通过学习改变命运的励志故事。
118．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“His parents didn’t send him to kindergarten but kept him home. The idea was to ease him into learning with family care and better prepare him for further education.(他的父母没有送他上幼儿园，而是让他呆在家里。这样做的目的是让他在家人的照顾下轻松地学习，更好地为进一步的教育做准备。)”可知，袁鑫的父母把他留在家里而不是送他去幼儿园，因为他们想让他在家人的照顾下轻松地学习，更好地为进一步的教育做准备。故答案是Because they wanted to ease him into learning with family care and better prepare him for further education.
119．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段““I had doubts about myself then, but my parents told me to dismiss unfriendly noises and focus on learning,” he says. He buried his head in his books and, as a result, his academic performance stood out.(“当时我对自己也有过怀疑，但父母告诉我，不要理会不友好的噪音，专心学习。”他埋头读书，结果他的学习成绩很突出。)”可知，面对同学们的不友好，他起初怀疑自己，但后来埋头读书了。故答案是He had doubts about himself at first, but then buried his head in his books.
120．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“To catch up with the class, for the first term, Yuan spent his spare time studying and practicing in the computer room of the school library.(为了跟上进度，第一学期，袁鑫利用业余时间在学校图书馆的电脑室里学习和练习。)”可知，袁鑫在第一学期的业余时间都在电脑室努力学习和练习，因为他想赶上课程进度。故答案是Yuan spent his spare time in his first term working hard in the computer room because he wanted to develop his ideas and get patents. Yuan spent his spare time in his first term working hard in the computer room because he wanted to catch up with the class.
121．考查开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。故答案是Optimism must be ranked number one among Yuan’s qualities. Because it can bring us mental power. If we aren’t optimistic, we couldn’t move on in our life confronting failures, miseries or sufferings. It is optimism that enables us to regain confidence, courage and hope. (44 words)（仅供参考）
122．Americans had little interest in history painting. 123．Creative/Clever/Original/Inventive. 124．How Morse got the idea for his invention. 125．In order of time. 126．To achieve success in a field, one must work hard and have interest in it.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了享有盛誉的美国画家、电报之父——塞缪尔·莫尔斯。
122．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“But there was hardly any demand in the United Stated for history painting, and he unwillingly started to support himself by painting portraits. (但在美国几乎没有任何历史绘画的需求，他不情愿地开始通过画肖像画来养活自己)”可知，莫尔斯1815年从欧洲回来后发现美国人对历史绘画几乎没有兴趣，故答案为：Americans had little interest in history painting.
123．考查词句猜测。由第五段中的“Morse had an fertile mind but little knowledge of electricity. He did years of work and study to perfect his invention. In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. (莫尔斯有一个fertile头脑，但对电知之甚少。他做了多年的工作和研究来完善他的发明。1837年，他申请了《美国电磁电报》的专利)”和最后一段中的“In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. (1844年5月，第一条消息在这条电线上闪现。)”可知，从画家转型为发明家，最后发明成功了，可得出他是一个聪明、有创造精神的人，画线单词意为“聪明的、有创造力的”，故答案为：Creative/Clever/Original/Inventive.
124．考查主旨大意。由第三段“During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. Conversations with Jackson made the artist believe that an electrical current could be used for communication (1832年，在一次从欧洲到美国的航行中，莫尔斯遇到了科学家托马斯·杰克逊，他最近在巴黎参加了关于电的讲座。与杰克逊的对话使这位艺术家相信电流可以用来交流)”可知，第三段主要讲莫尔斯是如何想到他的发明构思的，故答案为：How Morse got the idea for his invention.
125．考查推理判断。由第一段中的“Samuel Morse was 20 when he wrote this sentence in a letter to his mother in 1811. (1811年，20岁的塞缪尔·莫尔斯在给母亲的信中写下这句话)”，第二段中的“Samuel returned in 1815 to work on history painting much admired in Europe. (塞缪尔于1815年回国，从事在欧洲备受推崇的历史绘画)”，第三段中的“During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. (1832年，在一次从欧洲到美国的航行中，莫尔斯遇到了科学家托马斯·杰克逊，他最近在巴黎参加了关于电的讲座)”，第五段中的“In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. Finally, in 1843 the United States Congress provided 30,000 to build a line from Washington to Baltimore. (1837年，他申请了《美国电磁电报》的专利。最后，1843年，美国国会拨款30000英镑修建从华盛顿到巴尔的摩的电线)”和最后一段中的“In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. (1844年5月，第一条消息在这条电线上闪现。)”可知，作者按照时间的先后顺序叙述本文，故答案为：In order of time.
126．考查开放答题。考生可根据塞缪尔·莫尔斯的生活经历合理发表见解，如：要在一个领域取得成功，必须努力工作并对其感兴趣，故答案为：To achieve success in a field, one must work hard and have interest in it.
127．Because she failed to learn music well though Mrs. Windsor had taught him for free. 128．By telling stories while playing the piano. 129．The development of the plot. 130．The author acknowledged that when playing the piano she only moved figures automatically without thinking. 131．Pasha is not only a friendly girl but a great and intelligent piano player.Because she helped the author learn piano in an effective way.


【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在新朋友的帮助下如何学习钢琴的故事。
127．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“I daydreamed what I’d rather be doing. I had been tutored enough to read, understand, and even write some musical compositions, but I just didn’t have a gift for it. But Mrs. Windsor had offered to give me the lessons for free, so I felt it my duty to try.（我幻想着我宁愿做什么。我接受了足够的辅导让我能够阅读、理解，甚至写一些音乐作品，但我没有天赋。但是温莎太太主动提出免费给我上课，所以我觉得我有责任去尝试）”可知，Windsor太太好心给她授课、学习音乐，但是作者一直学不好，这就是她难过的原因，所以当要去Windsor太太家时，她难过地叹气。故答案为Because she failed to learn music well though Mrs. Windsor had taught him for free.
128．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段第二句“There was a long pause. “Jennifer, what are you hearing in the music?”（停顿了很长时间。“Jennifer，你在音乐里听到了什么？”）”可知Pasha尝试让Jennifer听到音乐里的故事。根据第七段第二句“Now the princess appears and she’s picking flowers from the water’s edge.（现在公主出现了，她正在水边采花）”可知在后来她又在弹琴时跟Jennifer讲了故事，故可知通过边弹钢琴便讲述其中的故事，她带给了Jennifer灵感。故答案为By telling stories while playing the piano.
129．考查细节理解。根据第七段三四句“A happy piece of music filled the air in time to Pasha’s dancing fingers. “Oh, but she slips!” The music changed.（一段快乐的音乐及时传到了Pasha舞动着的手指上。“哦，但她滑倒了！”音乐发生变化了）”可知，音乐之所以变化，是因为相关故事情节发生了变化。故答案为The development of the plot.
130．考查句意猜测。根据第二段倒数第二句“I arranged my fingers on the keys. Then I frowned (皱眉) and concentrated to make the notes on the page match the finger movements.（我把手指放在琴键上。然后我皱起眉头，集中精力让页面上的音符与手指的动作相匹配）”可知，作者弹琴完全就是手指位置和音符位置对上，是机械僵硬的；而后文第三段第二三句“There was a long pause. “Jennifer, what are you hearing in the music?” I looked at her rather strangely and admitted I didn’t know what she meant.（停顿了很长时间。“Jennifer，你在音乐里听到了什么？” 我很奇怪地看着她，承认我不知道她的意思）”可知，Pasha问她听到什么时，她承认没听到什么，这也说明她弹琴只是手指在动，没有思想。故答案为The author acknowledged that when playing the piano she only moved figures automatically without thinking.
131．考查推理判断。根据第二段第三句“With a smile, Pasha sat beside me on the piano bench, opened my sheet music to the beginning page and asked me to play.（Pasha笑着坐在我旁边的钢琴长椅上，打开我的乐谱，让我弹奏）”可知Pasha很友善，愿意教一个不认识的人学钢琴；根据第七段第三句“A happy piece of music filled the air in time to Pasha’s dancing fingers.（一段快乐的音乐及时传到了Pasha舞动的手指上）”再结合她用边弹奏边讲故事的方法教会作者弹钢琴可知，Pasha很擅长弹钢琴且充满智慧。故答案为Pasha is not only a friendly girl but a great and intelligent piano player.Because she helped the author learn piano in an effective way.
132．His learning disability. 133．Because he could be smart and express himself with clay.
134．Being able to read and write. 135．We should not give up in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己面对学习障碍永不放弃，通过艺术、爬山等训练，终于能够阅读和写作的故事。故事启发我们，不应该在困难面前放弃。如果我们努力了，就会找到出路。
132．考查细节理解。根据第一段“I had a learning disability from an early age.”（我从小就有学习障碍）可知，作者的学习障碍使他的学生生活变得困难。故回答为：His learning disability.
133．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.”（在这里，我学到了重要的一课：虽然我在语言上有残疾，但我仍然可以很聪明，用粘土很好地表达自己。我的信心也随之而来）可知，因为通过学习作者可以很聪明并且用粘土艺术表达自己。故回答为：Because he could be smart and express himself with clay.
134．考查词句猜测。根据倒数第二段“Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible.”（每天我都练习阅读和写作，我过去尽量避免阅读和写作）可知，经过两年艰苦的生活，我终于能够读和写了。由此猜测，划线部分意为“可以读写”。故回答为：Being able to read and write.
135．开放性试题。根据最后一段“Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.”（在经历了艺术、攀岩、阅读和写作的漫长过程之后，现在我已经到了人生的一个阶段，我知道我足够聪明，可以潜入一个完全未知、艰难但有趣的领域）可知，本文讲述了作者面对学习障碍永不放弃的故事，故事启发我们，不应该在困难面前放弃。如果我们努力了，就会找到出路。故回答为：We should not give up in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out.