2023届广西壮族自治区玉林市高三下学期三模英语试题解析版

这是一份2023届广西壮族自治区玉林市高三下学期三模英语试题解析版，共29页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，推荐信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届广西壮族自治区玉林市高三下学期三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Immersive Van Gogh
From the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the west coast premiere (首场) of the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the at of Vincent to life in Los Angeles.
Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience able to experience a different way of the ant.
True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic (标志性的) paintings of Vincent Van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.
You will experience art like never before — lose yourself in entrancing, moving images that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and color — truly illuminating (照亮) the mind of the genius.
LOCATION
The Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.
TICKET PRICES
VIP TICKETS—$99.99
●Priority access
●Van Gogh carpet (a gift for you)
●Limited edition poster
PREMIUM TICKETS—$59.99
●Van Gogh carpet (rental)
●Limited edition poster
BASIC TICKETS—$54.99
●Admission only
CHILD TICKETS—$29.99
●Ages 6-16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket)
●Admission only
●Child tickets are not subject to change of date fees
Tickets are available online at www.vangoghla.com.
GIFT SHOP
Stop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From clothing and jewelry to home decor, children’s books, and so much more, you will find unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to check out at our online store!
Experience the organic landscapes of Van Gogh’s imagination, and journey through his brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way.
1．According to the passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit________.
A．presents Van Gogh’s art in a modem way
B．begins a journey to Van Gogh’s hometown
C．displays Van Gogh’s paintings on moving walls
D．designs projects on Van Gogh’s learning experience2．From where can people find information about the exact location of the exhibit?
A．The gift shop. B．A website. C．The ticket office. D．An email.3．How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh carpet at least pay for the visit?
A．$109.98. B．$154.98. C．$184.97. D．$ 114.98.

Christy and Ted Wilson set aside time every Sunday evening to go over their shared to-do list. Most of the items are tasks like scheduling doctor appointments and organizing play dates for their three young children.
In every relationship, there’s a question of who is pulling their weight around the house. Now that a majority of married-couple families have two working parents, the old “rough day at the office” excuse doesn’t really cut it.
Women still handle more of the household activities, but men increasingly are spending time on food preparation and cleanup. To keep things fair or at least to avoid fights, couples are turning to technology. They are using project management apps designed for the workplace to divide up and track household to-dos and reserving a portion of their date nights to compare chores. In some cases, they are even turning it into a game, setting rewards for getting things done.
The imbalance doesn’t always follow gender lines (性别界线). There was a time when Mr. Wilson was in more of a “Mr. Mom” role: He was attending business school, while Mrs. Wilson was clocking long hours as a lawyer.So Mr. Wilson had more flexibility to take on more of the child-care and household-management work. The couple’s roles changed after Mr. Wilson graduated and started an e-commerce company. “We have had a lot of switching back and forth of who was in the driver’s seat in terms of household management so one person wasn’t too put upon,” she said. They began using calendars to keep the family schedules straight and sharing a to-do list in the Notes app on their phones. Each can take on chores the other dislikes.
4．What does the underlined part “pulling their weight around the house” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Taking on the household chores.
B．Sharing the burden of buying a house.
C．Running around the house to lose weight.
D．Making excuses for not doing any housework.5．Why does the couple turn to project management apps?
A．To stop their arguments over dates.
B．To play phone games with each other.
C．To distribute and follow household to-dos.
D．To reward themselves for doing the housework.6．What can we infer from the Wilsons’ example?
A．Digital apps can only handle household arguments.
B．Couples need to switch their roles each day.
C．Gender plays a key role in management.
D．Understanding can help settle conflicts.7．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Ways to finish housework. B．Advantages of the Notes app.
C．A family to-do list goes digital. D．Working parents face difficulties.

One man’s white bread is another man’s green vegetables.
That’s the key from The Personalized Diet, a new book from Israeli authors Eran Segal and Eran Elinav. The authors say it’s time to admit to ourselves that one-size-fits-all diets don’t work, and when it comes to nutrition, it’s about doing what works best for your body, not catching the latest diet fashion.
“For years, we’ve been trying to search for that silver-bullet diet and we’ve been miserably failing,” Segal said. “And that’s because the best diet for each person really has to be tailored to that individual.”
They conducted a personalized nutrition project at Weizmann, where hundreds of volunteers agreed to have their blood sugar tested after meals. One participant in the study, a woman named Ruti, said she was surprised that it was tomatoes — not ice cream or candies — that were raising her blood sugar level. Ruti recalled, “I have now significantly reduced my intake of tomato and I’m feeling much more energetic, which still surprises me. I have already lost a couple of pounds, and I have high hopes that I have finally found the answer to my weight struggle, too.”
The Israeli scientists found that some people can consume traditionally unhealthy foods with little  or no rise in their blood sugar levels, while others have a stronger response, and therefore shouldn’t eat those foods. It’s those kinds of results that you can only find from a personalized diet.
“What we were surprised to find out was just like any other food, there is no such thing as good bread,” Elinav said. “The response to bread was completely individualized.”
8．What is suggested in the first sentence?
A．Everyone has their own tastes.
B．Nutrition serves your body best.
C．The latest diet doesn’t fit each person.
D．People’s response to the same food is different.9．What kind of diet have we continuously pursued?
A．A diet that is low in fat and sugar.
B．A diet that works best for everyone.
C．A diet that begins a new diet trend.
D．A diet that provides all the nutrition.10．Ruti’s example suggests that to control weight, one needs to________.
A．eat much fewer tomatoes
B．control their blood sugar levels
C．struggle for weight loss constantly
D．eat according to his or her blood sugar level11．Why is Elinav’s opinion on bread mentioned in the last paragraph?
A．To show the importance of good bread.
B．To explain the popularity of white bread.
C．To stress the need of the personalized diet.
D．To advise people not to eat unhealthy food.

A remarkable new study on how whales behaved when attacked by humans in the 19th century has implications for the way they react to changes caused by humans in the 21st century.
The paper is authored by Whitehead and Rendellt at Dalhousie University and their research addresses an age-old question: if whales are so smart, why did they hang around to be killed? The answer? They didn’t. Using newly logbooks detailing the hunting of whales in the north Pacific, the authors discovered that within just a few years, the strike rate of the whalers’ harpoons (鱼叉) fell by 58%. This simple fact leads to an astonishing conclusion: that information about what was happening to them was being collectively shared among the whales, who made vital changes to their behaviour. They learned quickly from their mistakes.
“Sperm whales have a traditional way of reacting to attacks from orca (杀人鲸),” notes Whitehead. Before humans, orca were their only predators (捕食者), against whom sperm whales form defensive circles, their powerful tills held outwards to keep predators at bay, “But such techniques just made it easier for the whalers to kill them,” says Whitehead.
Sperm whales are highly socialized animals, able to communicate over great distances. Information about the new dangers may have been passed on in the same way they share knowledge about feeding grounds. They also possess the largest brain on the planet. It is not hard to imagine that they understood what was happening to them.
The hunters themselves realized the whales’ efforts to escape. They saw that the animals appeared to communicate the threat within their attacked groups. Abandoning their usual defensive formations, the whales swam upwind to escape the hunters, ships, themselves wind-powered.
Now, just as whales are beginning to recover from the industrial destruction by 20th-century whaling fleets, whose steamships and grenade harpoons no whale could escape from, they face new threats created by our technology. “They’re having to learn not to get hit by ships, cope with the depredations (劫掠) of long line fishing, the changing source of their food due to climate change,” Whitehead says. “The same sort of urgent social learning the animals experienced in the whale wars of two centuries ago is reflected in the way they negotiate today’s uncertain world.”
12．What is the new study mainly about?
A．Whales’ social lives. B．Whales’ emotional intelligence.
C．Whales’ reaction to climate changes. D．Whales’ behavior under human attack.13．What caused Whales to make changes to escape the hunters’ ship?
A．The wind in their favor.
B．Their powerful physical strength.
C．The shared ship attack information.
D．Their usual defensive formations.14．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?
A．To provide background information.
B．To summarize the previous paragraphs.
C．To introduce a new topic for discussion.
D．To add more related evidence for the study.15．What’s Whitehead’s attitude towards whales’ future survival?
A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic. C．Cautious. D．Unclear.


二、七选五
Cat behaviors can vary enormously from one cat to another. They are certainly interesting creatures with many cute and sometimes strange habits that often have us wondering. 16 Why do cats like high places? Wild cats were predators (捕食者), and frequenting high places meant they had somewhere safe to view their territory, watch for danger, and attack prey. 17 Our domesticated cats also enjoy watching the world from above, which provides them with a safe, calm place away from the activity in a house.
18 Both wild and domestic cats are drawn to hiding and sleeping in contained areas. At home, it is often the humble cardboard box. Cats are predators, and a box offers a perfect place to hide while waiting for prey and also to spring out of, as only one entrance exists.
Why does my cat give “gifts”? Cats are well known for leaving us gifts that we may not want, such as lizards or mice. 19 Showing off their catch to you means you are a part of their family and they want to show you their hunting skills. 20 Instead, be sure to offer your cat a variety of toys to help them satisfy these natural bunting instincts.
A．Why do cats sit in boxes?
B．Why do cats like playing with boxes?
C．This appears to be coded into their DNA．
D．Don’t express anger, as they will not understand.
E．Cats are predators and will hunt if allowed outdoors.
F．A cat’s natural behavior is to withdraw and hide in stress situation.
G．Veterinarian Dr. Katrina Warren provides answers to your questions about cat behaviors.


三、完形填空
A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity. His efforts on a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research had 21 an invitation to speak on a conference panel (专家组). It would look great on his CV (简历). I was 22 for him, of course. I had been a(n) 23 partner in the campaign. I felt that I deserved the same opportunity. Yet I hadn’t been 24 and I wasn’t sure why.
Growing up, I had been taught that the way to 25 was to put my head down and work hard. If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself and I would be 26 . This view, coupled with a natural 27 , meant that I 28 worked up the nerve before to put myself forward. This time, 29 , I decided that I need to take control of my life again－by becoming my own biggest 30 .
So, with my 31 beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to include me. My mind was flooded with a list of well-practiced 32 . Maybe I didn’t deserve it. Maybe I was being too 33 . But my colleague immediately contacted the organizers, who quickly agreed to 34 me to the panel. I’ve come to understand that if I’m invisible, my work, 35 , won’t get any chance to be recognized. This isn’t a revolutionary 36 which many people are unfamiliar with, I know, but as an introvert(内向的人) this is my 37 Mount Everest.
I think advocating for myself will always make me a little 38 . But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to 39 I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots. I suppose I can do the same for my 40 .
21．A．turned down B．lacked for C．referred to D．led to
22．A．thankful B．happy C．sorry D．ready
23．A．legal B．mental C．equal D．special
24．A．invited B．promoted C．informed D．dismissed
25．A．practice B．success C．power D．reality
26．A．observed B．protected C．attracted D．rewarded
27．A．shyness B．warmth C．kindness D．sweetness
28．A．quietly B．frequently C．rarely D．completely
29．A．therefore B．however C．otherwise D．instead
30．A．advocate B．promise C．harvest D．sacrifice
31．A．brain B．heart C．bone D．stomach
32．A．get-together B．background C．self-doubt D．breakthrough
33．A．stubborn B．proud C．nervous D．humble
34．A．add B．send C．report D．track
35．A．let alone B．rather than C．in turn D．for example
36．A．idea B．test C．visit D．plan
37．A．professional B．personal C．suspicious D．traditional
38．A．unreasonable B．dishonest C．uncomfortable D．discontent
39．A．figure B．predict C．record D．ensure
40．A．health B．colleague C．education D．career


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The origins of shadow play, an art form also known as shadow puppetry, can date back   41 the Western Han Dynasty. It has been 42 innovative means of entertainment since its creation, delighting audiences for over 1,900 years with its unique artistry and 43 (creative).
It is a folk play 44 artists operate the puppets (木偶) made of animal skin or cardboard with illumination behind a white curtain. 45 (control) through sticks and strings, puppets can do various movements vividly. Shadow puppets have their own characteristics, but the production procedures of  shadow puppets  are 46 (basic) the same. Performances are presented with stringed instruments and musicians 47 (play) drums, which enhances its local character.
Shadow play 48 (include) in national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006. Since then, it has won loads of awards at home and abroad. With the development of modern audio-visual media, shadow play is not as popular as before. 49 the application of artistic factors 50 (guarantee) that the art remains a highly valuable cultural heritage in Chinese art field.


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
With the on-going development of science and technology, our studies are sure to change great.
First, we can study in whichever place we like in the future, not just at school. For an example, we can have various online classes from the best teachers without leaving home, thus make our learning a lot convenient. Besides, there will be more tool like Ding-ding and Wechat to help us study. We will have no exams at school as they can study easily and do what we have a talent in. Learning will be delighted for all of us.
Every time I look forward to the future, I can’t feel more excited because many kinds of possibilities were waiting for me.

六、推荐信
52．假定你是李华，你的朋友Terry最近想找份兼职工作，为暑假旅游筹集旅费。他对以下三份兼职工作都感兴趣，难以抉择，因此发邮件征求你的意见。请你给Terry回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐其中一份兼职工作；2. 说明你的理由。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
快餐店清洁工
Fast food restaurant cleaner
● 时薪 80 元
● 工作时间：周六、周日(12：00—22：00)
● 主要职责：清洁厨房、餐厅、洗碗区等工作区域
语言教师
Language teacher
● 时薪 150 元
● 工作时间：周二、周四(19：00—21：00) 周六(14：00—16：00)
● 主要职责：辅导本地小学生学习英语
羽毛球教练
Badminton coach
● 时薪 200 元
● 工作时间：无固定时间
● 主要职责：教授和指导学生羽毛球的基本技巧、策略和规则
Dear Terry,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

参考答案：
1．A 2．D 3．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一场沉浸式梵高作品展在西海岸的首映式将在洛杉矶让梵高的艺术重现人间。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.(沉浸式艺术不仅仅是在巨大空间中表现视频和音频的技术方法。沉浸式这个词表明了一种深刻的意图，通过将图像和声音连接起来，让观众能够体验到一种不同的艺术方式)”以及第三段“True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.(正如它的名字一样，这次展览将文森特·梵高的标志性画作变成了移动的、充满墙壁的投影。Immersive Van Gogh承诺将使用50万立方英尺的投影，呈现出印象派最著名的作品，包括《卧室》《向日葵》，没错，还有《星夜》)”可知，沉浸式艺术是一种将图像和声音连接起来的新型艺术形式，本次梵高绘画展演就是要通过沉浸式艺术展现。由此推知，本次展演将通过一种新的方式呈现。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.(在展览开始前宣布，一旦公开，现有的门票持有者将收到一封附有地点和地点的电子邮件)”可知，想要得到本次展演的确切地点，只能通过电子邮件。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据题干“a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)”可知，一共有两个成人，一个五岁的小孩，并且想要梵高坐垫。再结合“Ages 6-16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket)”可知，五岁以下的小孩不需要门票。再根据题干中“own a Van Gogh cushion”可知，想要得到一份Van Gogh cushion必须其中一人购买VIP TICKETS，即需要$99.99。另一个人只需要购买BASIC TICKETS(基本门票)，即需要$54.99。所以a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)至少需要$154.98。故选B。
4．A 5．C 6．D 7．C

【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。
4．词句猜测题。由第三段首句“Women still handle more of the household activities, but men increasingly are spending time on food preparation and cleanup.(女性仍然承担更多的家务活，但男性越来越多地花时间准备食物和打扫卫生。)”可推知，划线短语所在句意为“在每段关系中，都有一个该谁承担家务活的问题”。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They are using project management apps designed for the workplace to divide up and track household to-dos and reserving a portion of their date nights to compare chores.(他们使用专为工作场所设计的项目管理应用程序来划分和跟踪家庭待办事项，并预留了一部分约会时间来比较家务。)”可知，这对夫妇使用项目管理程序是为了分配和跟踪家庭待办事项。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段中“There was a time when Mr. Wilson was in more of a ‘Mr. Mom’ role(曾经有段时间Wilson先生充当了“妈妈”的角色)”及“The couple’s roles changed after Mr. Wilson graduated and started an e-commerce company. ‘We have had a lot of switching back and forth of who was in the driver’s seat in terms of household management so one person wasn’t too put upon,’ she said.(在Wilson先生毕业开了一家电子商务公司后，这对夫妇的角色发生了变化。她说：‘在家庭管理方面，我们经常在由谁来掌舵这个问题上来回转换，这样就不会有人受到太大的压力。’)”可知，Wilson夫妇根据彼此的工作需要灵活转换在家庭管理中充当的角色，互相理解来经营家庭。所以我们可以从Wilson夫妇的例子中推知，理解有助于解决冲突。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“To keep things fair or at least to avoid fights, couples are turning to technology.(为了保持公平，或者至少避免争吵，夫妻们开始求助于科技。)”可知，文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。故选C项。
8．D 9．B 10．D 11．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。当涉及到营养，一刀切的饮食并不奏效。文章介绍了以色列作家伊兰·西格尔和伊兰·伊莱纳夫的新书《个性化饮食》中的关键点——最好的食物因人而异，每个人的最佳饮食必须根据个人情况量身定制。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第一句“One man’s white bread is another man’s green vegetables. (一个人的白面包是另一个人的青菜。)”和第二段的“That’s the key from The Personalised Diet, a new book from Israeli authors Eran Segal and Eran Elinav. The authors say it’s time to admit to ourselves that one-size-fits-all diets don’t work, and when it comes to nutrition, it’s about doing what works best for your body, not catching the latest diet fashion. (这是来自以色列作家Eran Segal和Eran Elinav的新书《个性化饮食》的关键。作者说，应该承认，一刀切的饮食不起作用，当涉及到营养，关键是做对你的身体最有效的事情，而不是赶上最新的饮食时尚。)”可推断，第一句话的意思是人们对同一种食物的反应是不同的，故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“‘For years, we’ve been trying to search for that silver-bullet diet and we’ve been miserably failing,’ Segal said. ‘And that’s because the best diet for each person really has to be tailored to that individual.’ (西格尔说：‘多年来，我们一直在努力寻找一种‘灵丹妙药’，但我们失败得很惨。这是因为最适合每个人的饮食确实需要根据个人情况量身定制。’)”可知，人们一直以来所追崇是普遍适用的饮食。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段“One participant in the study, a woman named Ruti, said she was surprised that it was tomatoes — not ice cream or candies — that were raising her blood sugar level. Ruti recalled, ‘I have now significantly reduced my intake of tomato and I’m feeling much more energetic, which still surprises me. I have already lost a couple of pounds, and I have high hopes that I have finally found the answer to my weight struggle, too.’ (一位名叫Ruti的女性参与者说，她很惊讶是西红柿而不是冰淇淋或糖果提高了她的血糖水平。鲁蒂回忆说：‘我现在大大减少了番茄的摄入量，感觉精力充沛多了，这让我很惊讶。我已经减掉了几磅，我也对自己最终找到了减肥的答案抱有很高的希望。’)”可知，Ruti的血糖摄入来自于西红柿，她减少了西红柿的摄入量，也因此她的体重也有所减少，引出通过Ruti的例子可以看出，一个人控制体重需要根据他或她的血糖水平进食。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘What we were surprised to find out was just like any other food, there is no such thing as good bread,’ Elinav said. ‘The response to bread was completely individualized.’ (埃利纳夫说：“我们惊讶地发现，就像其他食物一样，没有所谓的好面包。人们对面包的反应完全是个性化的。’)”可知， 最后一段提到了Elinav对面包的看法的原因是强调个性化饮食的必要性。故选C项。
12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了一项关于鲸鱼在19世纪被人类攻击时的行为新研究，鲸鱼对于发生在它们身上的事情的信息集体分享，它们对自己的行为做出了至关重要的改变，并且能很快从错误中吸取教训。鲸鱼在 21 世纪对人类造成的变化的反应方式具有启示意义。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“A remarkable new study on how whales behaved when attacked by humans in the 19th century has implications for the way they react to changes caused by humans in the 21st century.(一项关于鲸鱼在 19 世纪被人类攻击时的行为的新研究对它们在 21 世纪对人类造成的变化的反应方式具有启示意义。)”可知，这项新研究主要是关于鲸鱼在人类攻击的行为。故选D。

2.推理判断题。根据第四段“Sperm whales are highly socialised animals, able to communicate over great distances. Information about the new dangers may have been passed on in the same way they share knowledge about feeding grounds. (抹香鲸是高度社会化的动物，能够远距离交流。关于新危险的信息可能以同样的方式传递，就像它们分享关于觅食地的知识一样。)”可知抹香鲸可以远距离交流，传递危险信息，所以它们可以共享的舰船攻击信息，鲸鱼因此做出改变，逃离猎人的船，故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第五段“The hunters themselves realized the whales’ efforts to escape. They saw that the animals appeared to communicate the threat within their attacked groups. Abandoning their usual defensive formations, the whales swam upwind to escape the hunters, ships, themselves wind-powered.(猎人们自己也意识到了鲸鱼试图逃跑。他们发现，这些动物似乎在攻击群体中传达威胁。鲸鱼们放弃了通常的防御阵型，逆流而上，躲避猎人和船只，它们本身就是风力驱动的。)”可知，猎人们自己也意识到鲸鱼努力想逃跑。他们发现这些动物似乎在它们被攻击的群体中互相传播威胁。这说明了鲸鱼在被人类攻击时的反应，由此可知本段内容是为了研究提供相关证据。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, just as whales are beginning to recover from the industrial destruction by 20th-century whaling fleets, whose steamships and grenade harpoons no whale could escape from, they face new threats created by our technology. “They’re having to learn not to get hit by ships, cope with the depredations (劫掠) of long line fishing, the changing source of their food due to climate change,” Whitehead says. “The same sort of urgent social learning the animals experienced in the whale wars of two centuries ago is reflected in the way they negotiate today’s uncertain world.”(现在，正当鲸鱼开始从 20 世纪捕鲸船队的工业破坏中恢复过来时，它们面临着我们的技术带来的新威胁。怀特海德说：“它们必须学会不被船只撞到，应对长线捕鱼的掠夺，以及气候变化导致的食物来源的变化。”“动物在两个世纪前的鲸鱼战争中经历的那种紧迫的社会学习，反映在它们在今天不确定的世界中谈判的方式。”)”可知，Whitehead称赞鲸鱼可以在遭受攻击时采取适当的措施，根据外部环境和一些特别情况之下找到自己的生存方法，适应环境和世界，由此可知他对鲸鱼未来生存的态度是积极的。故选B。
16．G 17．C 18．A 19．E 20．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于猫的一些奇怪行为的原因分析。
16．上文“Cat behaviors can vary enormously from one cat to another. They are certainly interesting creatures with many cute and sometimes strange habits that often have us wondering. (猫的行为因猫而异。它们当然是有趣的生物，有许多可爱的，有时是奇怪的习惯，经常让我们感到好奇)”引出话题，说明猫的行为让人好奇。根据下文“Why do cats like high places? (为什么猫喜欢高处？)”和“Why does my cat give “gifts”? (为什么我的猫会送“礼物”？)”可知，空格处内容为将会为你解答有关猫行为的问题。由此可知， G 项“兽医卡特里娜·沃伦博士将为你解答有关猫行为的问题。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选 G 项。
17．上文“Why do cats like high places? Wild cats were hunters, and frequenting high places meant they had somewhere safe to view their territory, watch for danger, and attack prey. (为什么猫喜欢高处？野猫是猎人，经常出现在高处意味着它们有一个安全的地方来观察自己的领土，观察危险，攻击猎物)”说明猫喜欢从高处看东西。下文“Our domesticated cats also enjoy watching the world from above, which provides them with a safe, calm place away from the activity in a house.(我们家养的猫也喜欢从上面看世界，这为它们提供了一个远离室内活动的安全、平静的地方)”再次举例证明猫的这一性格特点。由此可知，空格处内容为这或许是猫的一种天生具有的特性。C 项“这似乎是嵌入到它们的 DNA 中。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选 C项。
18．由文章结构可知，该空为小标题，为总结该段内容，也是其中之一的问题。根据下文“Both wild and domestic cats are drawn to hiding and sleeping in contained areas. At home, it is often the humble cardboard box. Cats are predators, and a box offers a perfect place to hide while waiting for prey and also to pounce from, as only one entrance exists. (野猫和家猫都喜欢躲在封闭的地方睡觉。在家里，它通常是简陋的纸板箱。猫是掠食者，盒子是等待猎物和猛扑的绝佳藏身之处，因为只有一个入口)”可知，本段讲的是猫喜欢待的地方。由此可知， A 项“猫为什么坐在盒子里？”适合作本段小标题，符合语境。故选 A 项。
19．根据下文“Showing off their catch to you means you are a part of their family and they want to show you their hunting skills. (向你炫耀它们的猎物意味着你是它们家庭的一员，它们想向你展示它们的狩猎技能)”可知，此处讲的是关于捕猎方面的话题。由此可知， E 项“猫是食肉动物，如果被允许到户外，它们就会捕猎。”能够衔接下文，也是讲的关于捕猎方面的事情，下文是对该空格处内容的补充解释，符合语境。故选 E 项。
20．根据上文“Cats are well known for leaving us gifts that we may not want, such as lizards or mice.(众所周知，猫会给我们留下我们可能不想要的礼物，比如蜥蜴或老鼠)”和“Showing off their catch to you means you are a part of their family and they want to show you their hunting skills. (向你炫耀它们的猎物意味着你是它们家庭的一员，它们想向你展示它们的狩猎技能)”可知，猫给我们带来不喜欢的东西，但这只是猫想向你展示它们的狩猎技能。下文“Be sure to offer your cat a variety of toys to help them satisfy these natural hunting instincts. (一定要给你的猫提供各种各样的玩具，帮助它们满足这些自然的狩猎本能)”讲的是尽量满足猫的狩猎本能，猫是没错的。由此可知，空格处内容为不要对猫表达出我们的不满。D 项“不要表达愤怒，因为它们不会理解。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选 D 项。

21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．D

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了同学获得了更好的职业发展机会，作者认为，自己也应该有同样的机会，但是，因为内向羞怯的性格阻挡了职业发展，因此，作者决心突破自我，参与到竞争中。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在一项以学生为主导的、以增加联邦政府对基础研究的资助的运动中的努力，使他受邀在专家组会议上发言。A. turned down拒绝；B. lacked for缺乏；C. referred to查阅，提到；D. led to导致，使。根据该句中的“an invitation to speak on a conference panel”可知，作者的同学因为他在此次运动中的努力带来的一个结果——他被邀请在专家组会议上发言，led to符合语境。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我当然为他高兴。A. thankful感谢；B. happy高兴的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity. His efforts on a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research had ___1___an invitation to speak on a conference panel (专家组). It would look great on his CV (简历). (几个月前，我的一个研究生同学得到了一个极好的职业发展机会。他在一项以学生为主导的、以增加联邦政府对基础研究的资助的运动中的努力，使他受邀在专家组会议上发言。这在他的简历上会很好看)”可知，作者的同学受邀发言这件事写在简历上可以为他加分，有利于他得到更好的工作机会，因此，作者为同学而高兴（happy）。故选B项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在竞选中是一个平等的伙伴。A. legal合法的；B. mental 精神的；C. equal平等的；D. special 特殊。根据下文“I felt that I deserved the same opportunity.(我觉得我应该得到同样的机会)”可知，同样参与了这个项目的作者，觉得自己应该有和同学一样的机会，因此在竞争中，应该与同学是平等的（equal）。故选C项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我没有被邀请，我也不知道为什么。A. invited邀请；B. promoted提升；C. informed通知；D. dismissed解雇。根据上文“His efforts on a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research had ____1____ an invitation to speak on a conference panel (他在一项以学生为主导的、以增加联邦政府对基础研究的资助的运动中的努力，使他受邀在专家组会议上发言。)”，以及“I had been a(n)___3___partner in the campaign. I felt that I deserved the same opportunity. (我在竞选中是一个平等的伙伴。我觉得我应该得到同样的机会。)”可知，作者的同学被邀请发言，而自己没有得到同样的机会，即被邀请（invited）发言。故选A项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从小到大，我一直被教导成功之道是埋头苦干。A. practice实践；B. success成功；C. power权力；D. reality现实。根据下文“If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself and I would be ____6____. (如果我的工作足够好，那就不言自明了，我就会得到回报。)”可知，作者一直被教导努力工作，就会成功（success）并有回报。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的工作足够好，那就不言自明了，我就会得到奖励。A. observed观察；B. protected保护；C. attracted吸引；D. rewarded回报，奖励。根据上文“Growing up, I had been taught that the way to ____5____ was to put my head down and work hard.(如果我的工作足够好，那就不言自明了，我就会得到回报。)”可知，作者一直被教导努力工作，就会成功并有回报（rewarded）。故选D项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。A. shyness害羞；B. warmth温暖；C. kindness善良；D. sweetness甜蜜。根据“worked up the nerve to put myself forward”以及“This isn’t a revolutionary ____16_____which many people are unfamiliar with, I know, but as an introvert (内向的人) this is my ___17___ Mount Everest. (我知道，这不是一个很多人都不熟悉的革命性想法，但作为一个内向的人，这是我个人的珠穆朗玛峰。)”可知，作者很少鼓起勇气提出自己的观点，作者内向，作者天生羞怯（shyness）。故选A项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。A. quietly安静；B. frequently频繁；C. rarely很少；D. completely完全。作者是一个内向羞怯的人，因此，作者很少（rarely）鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。故选C项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我决定我需要重新掌控我的生活——成为我自己最大的支持者。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. instead反而。根据上文“This view, coupled with a natural ____7____, meant that I ____8____ worked up the nerve before to put myself forward. (这种想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。)”，以及根据下文“So, with my ____11____ beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to ____12____ me. (所以，我心跳加速着让我的同事请专家组组织者把我也包括进来。)”可知，作者以往内向羞怯，但是现在想克服这个性格，并掌控他自己的生活，上下文构成转折关系，however符合语境。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我决定我需要重新掌控我的生活——成为我自己最大的支持者。A. advocate支持者；B. promise承诺；C. harvest收获；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据下文“So, with my ____11____ beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to ____12____ me. (所以，我心跳加速着让我的同事请专家组组织者把我也包括进来。)”可知，作者想掌控他自己的生活，支持自己，让自己成为自己的支持者（advocate）。故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我心跳加速着让我的同事请专家组组织者把我也包括进来。A. brain大脑；B. heart心；C. bone骨；D. stomach胃。根据上文“This view, coupled with a natural ____7____, meant that I ____8____ worked up the nerve to put myself forward. (这种想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。)”可知，作者是一个爱害羞的人，不擅长表达自己，因此，他申请加入竞争行列时，非常激动，心（heart）跳加速。故选B项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的脑海里充斥着一大堆练习得很好的自我怀疑。A. get-together聚会；B. background背景；C. self-doubt自我怀疑；D. breakthrough突破，重大进展。根据上文“This view, coupled with a natural ____7____, meant that I ____8____ worked up the nerve to put myself forward. (这种想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。)”，以及下文“Maybe I didn’t deserve it. Maybe I was being too___13___. (也许我不配。也许是我太骄傲了。)”可知，作者是一个内向羞怯的人，因此，尽管作者想突破自我加入到竞争行列，但是心理很是忐忑，对自己充满了不自信（self-doubt）。故选C项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许是我太自负了。A. stubborn固执的，倔强的；B. proud自负的，骄傲的；C. nervous神经紧张的；D. humble谦虚的。根据上一句“Maybe I didn’t deserve it. (也许我不配。)”可知，作者作为一个内向的人，认为对方没给自己机会是因为自己实力不行，自己不配，而现在自己毛遂自荐，会不会让人觉得他很自负（proud）。故选B项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我的同事立即联系了组织者，他们很快同意将我加入小组。 A. add加入；B. send发送；C. report报告；D. track跟踪。根据上文“So, with my ____11____ beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to ____12____ me. (所以，我心跳加速着让我的同事请专家组组织者把我也包括进来。)” 可知，作者让同事恳请专家组组织者把自己也包括进来，后来，组织者很快同意作者加入（add）。故选A项。
35．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我开始明白，如果我是隐形的，我的工作，反过来，也不会有任何机会被认可。A. let alone更不必说；B. rather than而不是；C. in turn反过来，转而；D. for example例如。如果我不表达自己，躲着机会, 相应地（in turn），没有人会认同我的工作。故选C项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道，这不是一个很多人都不熟悉的革命性想法，但作为一个内向的人，这是我个人的珠穆朗玛峰。A. idea想法；B. test测试；C. visit访问；D. plan计划。根据上文“I’ve come to understand that if I’m invisible, my work, _____15____, won’t get any chance to be recognized. (我开始明白，如果我是隐形的，我的工作，反过来，也不会有任何机会被认可。)”可知，此处指作者认识到如果一直做个隐形人，他的工作就不会被更多的人认可，这个想法（idea）大家都知道，但是作者内向，以往一直没有突破。故选A项。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道，这不是一个很多人都不熟悉的革命性想法，但作为一个内向的人，这是我个人的珠穆朗玛峰。A. professional专业的；B. personal个人的；C. suspicious怀疑的；D. traditional 传统的。根据上文“I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to ____12____ me.(所以，我心跳加速着让我的同事请专家组组织者把我也包括进来。)”以及本句中“but as an introvert（内向的人）”可知，作者作为一个内向的人，挑战自己的内向的性格去勇敢地参与竞争，对于别人来说，如履平地，而对作者本人来说，就像是个人的（personal）珠穆朗玛峰。故选B项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得鼓吹自己总是会让我有点不舒服。A. unreasonable不合理的；B. dishonest不诚实的；C. uncomfortable不舒服d ；D. discontent不满足的。根据下一句“But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to ____19____ I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots. (但我做了很多其他不舒服的事情来确保我过着最好的生活，比如注射流感疫苗。)”,句中的other uncomfortable things，结合上文中作者提到自己是一个羞怯的人，可推知，鼓吹自己令他不舒服（uncomfortable）。故选C项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我做了很多其他不舒服的事情来确保我过着最好的生活，比如注射流感疫苗。A. figure计算；B. predict预测；C. record记录；D. ensure保证，确保。根据空后I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots，以及下句“I suppose I can do the same for my____20____. (我想我也可以为我的事业（发展）做同样的事。)”可知，作者通过打疫苗等不舒服的事情来保证（ensure）自己的生活。故选D项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想我也可以为我的事业（发展）做同样的事。A. health 健康；B. colleague同事；C. education教育；D. career职业。根据上文“But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to ensure I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots. (但我做了很多其他不舒服的事情来确保我过着最好的生活，比如注射流感疫苗。)”，为了更好的生活，作者可以做很多不舒服的事，本句中的do the same，意指做不舒服的事情是为了自己的职业发展得更好，又根据第一段第一句“A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity. (几个月前，我的一位研究生同学获得了一个令人难以置信的职业发展机会。)”可知，作者非常羡慕同学得到了极好的职业发展机会，因此，想克服自身羞怯，勇敢地参与竞争，也希望自己的职业（career）有所发展。故选D项。

41．to 42．an 43．creativity 44．where 45．Controlled 46．basically 47．playing 48．was included 49．But 50．guarantees

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的一种民间戏剧——皮影戏。
41．考查介词。句意：皮影戏是一种艺术形式，也被称为皮影木偶，它的起源可以追溯到西汉。此处考查短语date back to，意为“追溯到……”，设空处应用介词to。故填 to。
42．考查冠词。句意：自诞生以来，它一直是一种创新的娱乐方式，1900多年来，它以其独特的艺术性和创造力为观众带来了欢乐。此处考查固定搭配a means of...，意为“……的方式/手段”，表示泛指，且空后词innovative为元音音素开头，设空处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
43．考查名词。句意：自诞生以来，它一直是一种创新的娱乐方式，1900多年来，它以其独特的艺术性和创造力为观众带来了欢乐。设空处与名词artistry并列，应用名词creativity，作with的宾语。故填creativity。
44．考查定语从句。句意：这是一种民间戏剧，艺术家们在白色窗帘后面的灯光下操纵动物皮或纸板制成的木偶。此处考查定语从句，先行词为a folk play，为抽象的地点名词，在定语从句中充当状语，设空处应用关系副词where。故填where。 　　 　　
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：木偶通过棍棒和绳子的控制，可以做出各种生动的动作。本句的谓语动词为do，前后句无连词，故设空处为非谓语动词，control和主语puppets为动宾关系，设空处应用过去分词，作状语，设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Controlled。
46．考查副词。句意：皮影戏有自己的特点，但皮影戏的制作程序基本相同。修饰the same，应用副词basically作状语。故填basically。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：表演中有弦乐器伴奏，乐师打鼓，增强了它的地方特色。句子的谓语动词为present，前后句无连词，设空处为非谓语动词，play drums作名词musicians的后置定语，两者为主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填playing。
48．考查时态、语态。句意：2006年，皮影戏被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。根据in 2006，句子用一般过去时，include和Shadow play为动宾关系，故谓语动词用被动语态，主语为单数形式，助动词用was。故填was included。
49．考查连词。句意：但艺术因素的运用保证了该艺术在中国艺术界仍是一份极具价值的文化遗产。根据句间逻辑，上一句“shadow play is not as popular as before. (皮影戏不像以前那么受欢迎了)”和本句中remains a highly valuable cultural heritage之间为转折关系，设空处应用连词but，设空处在句首，单词首字母大写。故填But。
50．考查时态。句意：但艺术因素的运用保证了该艺术在中国艺术界仍是一份极具价值的文化遗产。空处为主句谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，句子主语是the application of artistic factors，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填guarantees。
51．1. great→greatly  2. whichever→whatever  3. 删除an  4. make→making  5. convenient 前加more  6. tool→tools  7. they→we  8. in→for  9. delighted→delightful  10. were→are

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学技术的不断发展对学习方式的影响。
【详解】1.考查副词。句意：随着科学技术的不断发展，我们的学习一定会发生很大的变化。修饰动词change应用副词greatly，作状语。故将great改为greatly。
2.考查宾语从句引导词。句意：首先，我们将来可以在任何我们喜欢的地方学习，而不仅仅是在学校。in后接宾语从句，修饰名词place应用疑问代词whatever，引导宾语从句。故将whichever改为whatever。
3.考查不定冠词。句意：例如，我们足不出户就可以从最好的老师那里获得各种在线课程，从而使我们的学习更加方便。此处考查介词短语for example，故删除an。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，我们足不出户就可以从最好的老师那里获得各种在线课程，从而使我们的学习更加方便。make为非谓语动词，应用现在分词making，作结果状语。故将make改为making。
5.考查形容词比较等级。句意：例如，我们足不出户就可以从最好的老师那里获得各种在线课程，从而使我们的学习更加方便。根据句意，此处将“足不出户就可以从最好的老师那里获得各种在线课程”和普通课程相比较，a lot修饰比较等级，故应用形容词convenient的比较等级。故在convenient前加more。
6.考查名词复数。句意：此外，会有更多的工具，如丁丁和微信来帮助我们学习。tool为可数名词，more修饰可数名词复数，故将tool改为tools。
7.考查代词。句意：我们将在学校没有考试，因为我们可以轻松学习，做我们有天赋的事情。句子主语为We，故as引导的时间状语中they应改为we，故将they改为we。
8.考查介词。句意：我们将在学校没有考试，因为我们可以轻松学习，做我们有天赋的事情。此处考查固定搭配have a gift for，意为“对……有天赋”，故将in改为for。
9.考查形容词。句意：学习对我们所有人来说都是愉快的。形容词delighted修饰人，修饰物应用delightful，意为“令人愉快的”，故将delighted改为delightful。
10.考查时态。句意：每当我展望未来时，我都感到无比兴奋，因为有许多种可能性在等着我。此处陈述事实，because引导的原因状语从句应用一般现在时，故将 were 改为are。
52．Dear Terry,
I understand that you are considering several part-time job opportunities to fund your summer travels, and I believe that the language teacher position would be a great fit for you.
By taking a language teaching job, you can earn a higher hourly pay of 150 yuan and enjoy a fixed schedule, which will help you achieve your goals in a short amount of time without disrupting your current lifestyle. This is what the other two jobs cannot promise. Besides, as a language teacher, you would be responsible for tutoring local elementary students in English, which could provide you with valuable teaching experience and help you develop your communication and interpersonal skills. In addition to teaching, this experience can also broaden your perspective and enhance your cultural awareness, which is also what you expect to do during your trip.
I hope this information helps you make a decision, and I wish you all the best in your job search.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给为了暑假旅游筹集旅费而正在发愁挑选做哪份兼职工作的朋友Terry回信，为他推荐其中一份兼职工作，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
考虑：consider → think about
此外：besides → what’s more
对……负责：be responsible for → take responsibility for
拓宽你的视野：broaden your perspective → broaden your horizon
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：By taking a language teaching job, you can earn a higher hourly pay of 150 yuan and enjoy a fixed schedule, which will help you achieve your goals in a short amount of time without disrupting your current lifestyle.
拓展句：If you take a language teaching job, you can earn a higher hourly pay of 150 yuan and enjoy a fixed schedule, enabling you to achieve your goals in a short amount of time without disrupting your current lifestyle.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This is what the other two jobs cannot promise.（运用了what引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, as a language teacher, you would be responsible for tutoring local elementary students in English, which could provide you with valuable teaching experience and help you develop your communication and interpersonal skills.（运用了动名词作宾语，which引导非限制性定语从句）